FAMILY Ariidae Bleeker, 1858 - sea catfishes

SUBFAMILY Ariinae Bleeker, 1858 - sea catfishes [=Ariodontes, Hemipimelodinae, Tachysurinae, Batrachocephalinae, Boiichthyidae, Ostegeneiosinae] Notes: Ariodontes Bleeker, 1858a:39 [ref. 32230] (phalanx) Arius [also Bleeker 1858b:v, 49, 57 [ref. 365]; stem Ari- confirmed by Bleeker 1862–63:7, 25 [ref. 393] and by Jordan 1923a:145 [ref. 2421]] Hemipimelodinae Gill, 1861o:46 [ref. 1673] (subfamily) Hemipimelodus Tachysurinae Jordan, 1888:38 [ref. 2390] (subfamily) ‘Tachysurus’ = Arius [Eigenmann 1890a:12 [ref. 31918] used Tachisurinae based on ‘Tachisurus’ = Arius; based on misidentified generic name, not available] Batrachocephalinae Gill, 1893b:132 [ref. 26255] (subfamily) Batrachocephalus [genus inferred from the stem, Article 11.7.1.1] Doiichthyidae Weber, 1913a:532 [ref. 4603] (family) Doiichthys [also in Weber & de Beaufort 1913:333 [ref. 16092]] Ostegeneiosinae [Osteogeneiosinae] Fowler, 1951b:3 [ref. 31928] (subfamily) Osteogeneiosus [corrected to Osteogeneiosinae by Fowler 1958a:3 [ref. 31840]; name only, rejected by Ferraris & de Pinna 1999:7 [ref. 32488] with the help of Article 13; not available]

GENUS Amissidens Kailola, 2004 - sea catfishes [=Amissidens Kailola [P. J.], 2004:125] Notes: [ref. 28108]. Masc. Arius hainesi Kailola, 2000. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Amissidens Kailola, 2004 – (Hoese & Gates 2006:351 [ref. 28997], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:10 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:32 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk et al. 2012:638 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Amissidens Kailola, 2004. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Amissidens hainesi (Kailola, 2000) - rigid catfish [=Arius hainesi Kailola [P. J.], 2000:139, Figs. 9-11] Notes: [The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory v. 16; ref. 25113] Ludmilla Creek, 12°27'S, 130°46'E, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Valid as Amissidens hainesi (Kailola, 2000). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Southern New Guinea, northern Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Amphiarius Marceniuk & Menezes, 2007 - sea catfishes [=Amphiarius Marceniuk [A. P.] & Menezes [N. A.], 2007:11] Notes: [ref. 29031]. Masc. Arius rugispinis Valenciennes, 1840. Type by original designation. •Valid as Amphiarius Marceniuk & Menezes, 2007 -- (Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:638 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Amphiarius Marceniuk & Menezes, 2007. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Amphiarius phrygiatus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - Kukwari sea catfish [=Arius phrygiatus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:79] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Suriname. Current status: Valid as Amphiarius phrygiatus (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Atlantic coastal rivers and estuaries from Guyana to mouth of Amazon River: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela (?). Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Amphiarius rugispinis (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - softhead sea catfish [=Arius rugispinis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:77] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Cayenne, French Guiana. Current status: Valid as Amphiarius rugispinis (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Atlantic coastal rivers from Guyana to mouth of Amazon River: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela (?). Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Ariopsis Gill, 1861 - sea catfishes [=Ariopsis Gill [T. N.], 1861:56] Notes: [ref. 1766]. Fem. Arius milberti Valenciennes, 1840. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Kailola 1990:4 [ref. 19337]). •Synonym of Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849 -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:103 [ref. 29031], Marceniuk et al. 2012:646 [ref. 32225]). •Valid as Ariopsis Gill, 1861 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:150 [ref. 24550], Acero P. 2003:836 [ref. 26998], Kailola 2004:125 [ref. 28108], Hoese & Gates 2006:351 [ref. 28997], Ferraris 2007:32 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:347 [ref. 29268], Marceniuk et al. 2017:3 [ref. 35431]). Current status: Valid as Ariopsis Gill, 1861. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Ariopsis assimilis (Gunther, 1864) - Lake Izabal sea catfish (author) [=Arius assimilis Günther [A.], 1864:146] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Lake Izabal [Yzabal], Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Ariopsis assimilis (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Western Gulf of Mexico: Quintana Roo to northwestern Honduras. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Ariopsis canteri Acero P. et al., in Marceniuk et al., 2017 - Cienaga sea catfish (author) [=Ariopsis canteri Acero P. [A.], Betancur-R [R.] & Marceniuk [A. P.], in Marceniuk, Acero P., Cooke & Betancur-R, 2017:9, Figs. 3C, 6-7] Notes: [Zootaxa 4290 (no. 1); ref. 35431] Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Pueblo Viejo, fisherfolk, Magdalena, Colombia, 10°47'8.7"N, 74°24'58.3"W. Current status: Valid as Ariopsis canteri Acero P., Betancur-R & Marceniuk, 2017. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Caribbean coast of Colombia, West Atlantic. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Ariopsis felis (Linnaeus, 1766) - Charleston sea catfish (author) [=Silurus felis Linnaeus [C.] (ex Garden), 1766:503, Arius equestris Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.], 1854:26, Galeichthys guentheri Regan [C. T.], 1907:124, Pl. 16 (fig. 1), 19 (fig. 3), Arius milberti Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:74] Notes: [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, U.S.A. Current status: Valid as Ariopsis felis (Linnaeus, 1766). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Eastern Northern America (Massachusetts) to Yucatán, Mexico. Habitat: brackish, marine. (equestris) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 168] Matagorda Bay, at Indianola, Calhoun County, Texas, U.S.A., Gulf of Mexico. Current status: Synonym of Ariopsis felis (Linnaeus, 1766). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (guentheri) [Biologia Centrali-Americana Part 215; ref. 3629] Gulf of Mexico. Current status: Synonym of Ariopsis felis (Linnaeus, 1766). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. (milberti) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] New York; Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A. Current status: Synonym of Ariopsis felis (Linnaeus, 1766). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Ariopsis gilberti (Jordan & Williams, in Jordan, 1895) - Sinaloa sea catfish (author) [=Galeichthys gilberti Jordan [D. S.] & Williams [T. M.], in Jordan, 1895:395, Pl. 26] Notes: [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 5; ref. 2394] Upper part of astillero at Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Current status: Valid as Ariopsis gilberti (Jordan & Williams, 1895). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: From Laguna de San Juan (Sonora) to Mar Muerto (Chiapas), Mexico. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Ariopsis guatemalensis (Gunther, 1864) - Guatamala sea catfish (author) [=Arius guatemalensis Günther [A.], 1864:145, Galeichthys azureus Jordan [D. S.] & Williams [T. M.], in Jordan, 1895:398, Pl. 27, Arius caerulescens Günther [A.], 1864:149, Fig.] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Ariopsis guatemalensis (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Colorado River (Sonora), Pacific coast of Mexico, to Costa Rica. Habitat: brackish, marine. (azureus) [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 5; ref. 2394] Estuary at Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Current status: Synonym of Ariopsis guatemalensis (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. (caerulescens) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Huamuchal, Guatemala. Current status: Synonym of Ariopsis guatemalensis (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Ariopsis jimenezi Marceniuk et al., 2017 - Casaya Island sea catfish (author) [=Ariopsis jimenezi Marceniuk [A. P.], Acero P. [A.], Cooke [R.] & Betancur-R [R.], 2017:27, Figs. 3E, 16-17] Notes: [Zootaxa 4290 (no. 1); ref. 35431] Casaya Island, Archipiélago de las Perlas, Panama. Current status: Valid as Ariopsis jimenezi Marceniuk, Acero P., Cooke & Betancur-R, 2017. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Archipiélago de Las Perlas, Panama, Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Ariopsis seemanni (Gunther, 1864) - Seemann's sea catfish (author) [=Arius seemanni Günther [A.], 1864:147, Fig., Galeichthys eigenmanni Gilbert [C. H.] & Starks [E. C.], 1904:21, Pl. 4 (fig. 8 [not 7]), Tachisurus jordani Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1888:142] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Central America (Pacific). Current status: Valid as Ariopsis seemanni (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific draining rivers and estuaries from El Salvador to Panama. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (eigenmanni) [Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences v. 4; ref. 1639] Panama. Current status: Synonym of Ariopsis seemanni (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. (jordani) [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 1249] (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Synonym of Ariopsis seemanni (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Ariopsis simonsi (Starks, 1906) - Callao sea catfish (author) [=Galeichthys simonsi Starks [E. C.], 1906:764, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 30 (no. 1468); ref. 10101] Callao, Peru. Current status: Valid as Ariopsis simonsi (Starks, 1906). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific South America, from Colombia to Peru. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Arius Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840 - sea catfishes [=Arius Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:53, Ariodes (subgenus of Bagrus) Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.], 1849:9, Pseudarius Bleeker [P.], 1862:8] Notes: [ref. 1008]. Masc. Pimelodus arius Hamilton, 1822. Type by absolute tautonymy. See van Oijen et al. 2009:56 [ref. 30423]. Arias is a misspelling. •Valid as Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Sawada in Masuda et al. 1984:60 [ref. 6441], Taylor 1986:153 [ref. 6195], Kailola 1986 [ref. 6312], Burgess 1989:168 [ref. 12860], Paxton et al. 1989:218 [ref. 12442], Kottelat 1989:15 [ref. 13605], Roberts 1989:110 [ref. 6439], Kailola 1990:4 [ref. 19337], Lu in Pan et al. 1991:323 [ref. 23876], Allen 1991:49 [ref. 21090], Daget in Lévêque et al. 1992:564 [ref. 21590], Dai in Chu et al. 1999:184 [ref. 24534], Kailola 1999:1828 [ref. 24732], Kailola 2000:127 [ref. 25113], Acero P. 2003:835 [ref. 26998], Ng 2003:1 [ref. 27208], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:447 [ref. 27061], Ataur Rahman 2003:254 [ref. 31338] as Arias, Kailola 2004:126 [ref. 28108], Jayaram 2006:333 [ref. 28762], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:13 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:34 [ref. 29155], Vreven & De Vos 2007:573 [ref. 30015], Kimura 2009:33 [ref. 30426], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:638 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:245 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Arius Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Ariodes) [ref. 3073]. Masc. Bagrus (Ariodes) arenarius Müller & Troschel, 1849. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Bleeker 1862:8 [ref. 393] and 1863:91 [ref. 401]. See van Oijen et al. 2009:66 [ref. 30423]. •Valid as Ariodes Müller & Troschel, 1849 -- (Taylor 1986:212 [ref. 6282]). •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Kailola 1990:4 [ref. 19337], Kailola 2004:126 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:13 [ref. 29031] with question, Ferraris 2007:34 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:245 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Pseudarius) [ref. 393]. Masc. Pimelodus arius Hamilton, 1822. Type by original designation. Dates to and type designated on p. 8 (in part 6), three species included in plates 49-51 (also part 6) and three included on p. 36 (part 7 in 1863). •Objective synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Taylor 1986:153 [ref. 6195], Kailola 1990:4 [ref. 19337], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:447 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:126 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:13 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:34 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:245 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Species Arius acutirostris Day, 1877 - Salween River sea catfish (author) [=Arius acutirostris Day [F.], 1877:459, Pl. 107 (fig. 1)] Notes: [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Salween River at Moulmein, Myanmar. Current status: Valid as Arius acutirostris Day, 1877. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Salween River, Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Arius africanus Günther, 1867 - African sea catfish [=Arius falcarius var. africana Günther [A.], in Playfair & Günther, 1867:114] Notes: [The fishes of Zanzibar; ref. 3490] Pangani River, Madagascar. Current status: Valid as Arius africanus Günther, 1867. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Madagascar. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Arius arenarius (Müller & Troschel, 1849) - sand catfish [=Bagrus (Ariodes) arenarius Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.], 1849:9, Arius fangi Chaux [J.], in Chaux & Fang, 1949:194, Fig. 1] Notes: [Horae Ichthyologicae No. 3; ref. 3073] China. Current status: Valid as Arius arenarius (Müller & Troschel, 1849). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Asia: Vietnam and China. Habitat: brackish, marine. (fangi) [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 21 (no. 2); ref. 13004] Tonkin, Vietnam. Current status: Synonym of Arius arenarius (Müller & Troschel, 1849). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822) - Hamilton's catfish, threadfin sea catfish [=Pimelodus arius Hamilton [F.], 1822:170, 376, Arius boakeii Turner [W.], 1867:82, Arius buchanani Day [F.], 1877:463, Pl. 105 (fig. 6), Arius cochinchinensis Günther [A.], 1864:170, Figs., Bagrus crinalis Richardson [J.], 1846:282, Arius falcarius Richardson [J.], 1845:134, Pl. 62 (figs. 7-9), Pimelodus mong Richardson [J.], 1846:286] Notes: [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Bengal estuaries, India. Current status: Valid as Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore and China. Habitat: brackish, marine. (boakeii) [Journal of Anatomy and Physiology v. 1 (no. 1, Nov. 1866); ref. 14101] Sri Lanka. Current status: Synonym of Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (buchanani) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Hooghly Channel, Calcutta, India; Irrawaddy River, Myanmar. Current status: Synonym of Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (cochinchinensis) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Cochinchina [southern Vietnam]. Current status: Synonym of Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (crinalis) [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. Current status: Synonym of Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Southeastern China (if valid). Habitat: brackish, marine. (falcarius) [Ichthyology.--Part 3. The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur.; ref. 20575] Canton, China. Current status: Synonym of Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (mong) [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. Current status: Synonym of Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Arius brunellii Zolezzi, 1939 - Juba sea catfish (author) [=Arius brunellii Zolezzi [G.], 1939:168, Fig. 1] Notes: [Bollettino di Pesca, Piscicoltura e Idrobiologia v. 15 (no. 2); ref. 17251] Juba River, Somalia. Current status: Valid as Arius brunellii Zolezzi, 1939. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Somalia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Arius dispar Herre, 1926 - fleshysnout sea catfish [=Arius dispar Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1926:405, Pl. 1 (fig. 6)] Notes: [Philippine Journal of Science v. 31 (no. 3); ref. 10951] Paco market, Manila, Philippines. Current status: Valid as Arius dispar Herre, 1926. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan and possibly northern Borneo. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Arius festinus Ng & Sparks, 2003 - Amboaboa sea catfish (author) [=Arius festinus Ng [H. H.] & Sparks [J. S.], 2003:5, Fig. 4] Notes: [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 735; ref. 27207] Amboaboa River, near its confluence with the Mangarahara River (left bank tributary of the Sofia River), 15°50'01"S, 48°42'52"E, Madagascar. Current status: Valid as Arius festinus Ng & Sparks, 2003. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Amboaboa River near its confluence with the Mangarahara River, northeastern Madagascar. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Arius gagora (Hamilton, 1822) - gagora catfish [=Pimelodus gagora Hamilton [F.], 1822:167, 376, Pl. 10 (fig. 54), Arius jella Day [F.], 1877:467, Pl. 106 (fig. 3), Arius macracanthus Günther [A.], 1864:167, Fig.] Notes: [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Bengal estuaries, India. Current status: Valid as Arius gagora (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: India, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (jella) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Madras, Coromandel Coast, India. Current status: Synonym of Arius gagora (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Thailand [if valid]. Habitat: brackish, marine. (macracanthus) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Arius gagora (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Thailand [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Arius gigas Boulenger, 1911 - ewe, giant sea catfish [=Arius gigas Boulenger [G. A.], 1911:386, Fig. 298] Notes: [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Lokoja, Upper Niger River, Nigeria. Current status: Valid as Arius gigas Boulenger, 1911. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Volta, Niger and other rivers. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Arius leptonotacanthus Bleeker, 1849 - Madura sea catfish (author) [=Arius leptonotacanthus Bleeker [P.], 1849:11] Notes: [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 22 [8]; ref. 320] Madura Straits near Surabaya and Kammal, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Arius leptonotacanthus Bleeker, 1849. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indonesia and Thailand. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792) - spotted catfish [=Silurus maculatus Thunberg [C. P.], 1792:31, Pl. 1 (fig. 2, 2 views), Arius angulatus Bleeker [P.], 1846:44 [170], Hemipimelodus atripinnis Fowler [H. W.], 1937:145, Fig. 34, Hemipimelodus bicolor Fowler [H. W.], 1935:100, Fig. 23, Arius borneensis Bleeker [P.], 1851:67, Arius chondropterygioides Bleeker [P.], 1846:44 [170], Bagrus gagorides Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:441, Arius gagoroides Bleeker [P.], 1846:42 [168], Silurus ocellatus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.], 1801:379, Arius pidada Bleeker [P.], 1846:43 [169], Pimelodus tachisurus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:163, Pimelodus thunberg Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1803:691, 692, Arius viviparus Bleeker [P.], 1846:45 [171]] Notes: [Kongliga Vetenskaps Akademiens nya Handlingar, Stockholm v. 13 (for 1792); ref. 17916] China; Japan. Current status: Valid as Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean and western Pacific/South and southeast Asia: Sri Lanka, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines and China. Habitat: brackish, marine. (angulatus) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (atripinnis) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 89; ref. 1425] Bangkok, Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (bicolor) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 87; ref. 13881] Bangkok, Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Lower courses of Mekong and Chao Phrya River basins [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater. (borneensis) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2; ref. 327] Bandjarmasin, Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (chondropterygioides) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (gagorides) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Ganges River, India. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater. (gagoroides) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (ocellatus) [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Japan, China. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (pidada) [Reise nach Griechenland und der Türkei; ref. 13] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (tachisurus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] China. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (thunberg) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 5; ref. 4930] China; Japan. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (viviparus) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Arius madagascariensis Vaillant, 1894 - Madagascar sea catfish [=Arius madagascariensis Vaillant [L. L.], 1894:77 [10]] Notes: [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (8th Série) v. 6; ref. 14567] Murundava River, western Madagascar. Current status: Valid as Arius madagascariensis Vaillant, 1894. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Western Madagascar [African records apparently in error]. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Arius malabaricus Day, 1877 - Canara sea catfish (author) [=Arius malabaricus Day [F.], 1877:464, Pl. 107 (fig. 4)] Notes: [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Canara, India. Current status: Valid as Arius malabaricus Day, 1877. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: India. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Arius manillensis Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840 - Manilla sea catfish [=Arius manillensis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:93, Pseudarius philippinus Sauvage [H.-E.], 1880:226 [16]] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Manila, Philippines. Current status: Valid as Arius manillensis Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (philippinus) [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 4; ref. 3888] Lake Laglaize, Luzon Island, Philippines. Current status: Synonym of Arius manillensis Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Arius microcephalus Bleeker, 1855 - squirrelheaded catfish [=Arius microcephalus Bleeker [P.], 1855:423, Arius sciurus Smith [H. M.], 1931:30] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 9; ref. 16849] Bandjarmasin, southern Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Arius microcephalus Bleeker, 1855. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia (Borneo). Habitat: brackish, marine. (sciurus) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 79 (no. 2873); ref. 4047] Tapii River near Surat Thani, Malay Peninsula, Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Arius microcephalus Bleeker, 1855. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Arius oetik Bleeker, 1846 - oetik sea catfish (author) [=Arius oetik Bleeker [P.], 1846:32 [166]] Notes: [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Current status: Valid as Arius oetik Bleeker, 1846. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific: Andaman Sea to Gulf of Thailand, Kalimantan and Java (Indonesia). Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Arius subrostratus Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840 - shovelnose sea catfish [=Arius subrostratus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:62] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Malabar, India. Current status: Valid as Arius subrostratus Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia and Philippines. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Arius venosus Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840 - veined catfish [=Arius venosus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:69, Arius laeviceps Bleeker [P.], 1846:38 [165], Arius macruropterygius Bleeker [P.], 1846:37 [164], Arius manjong Bleeker [P.], 1846:36 [163], Arius micronotacanthus Bleeker [P.], 1846:36 [162], Arius micruropterygius Bleeker [P.], 1847:165, Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Rangoon, Myanmar; Manila, Philippines. Current status: Valid as Arius venosus Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific, South and southeast Asia: Andaman Sea to Vietnam, northern Indonesia and Philippines. Habitat: brackish, marine. (laeviceps) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius venosus Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (macruropterygius) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius venosus Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (manjong) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius venosus Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (micronotacanthus) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius venosus Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (micruropterygius) [Natuur-en Geneeskundig Archief voor Neȇrlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 314] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Arius venosus Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Arius uncinatus Ng & Sparks, 2003 - Andrapongy sea catfish (author) [=Arius uncinatus Ng [H. H.] & Sparks [J. S.], 2003:12, Fig. 7] Notes: [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 735; ref. 27207] Lake Andrapongy, near Antsohihy, Madagascar. Current status: Valid as Arius uncinatus Ng & Sparks, 2003. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Lake Andrapongy, Madagascar. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Aspistor Jordan & Evermann, 1898 - sea catfishes [=Aspistor Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.], 1898:2763] Notes: [ref. 2445]. Masc. Arius luniscutis Valenciennes, 1840. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Should be considered a synonym of Noturius Gill, 1863 -- (Betancur-R. & Acero P. 2004:13 [ref. 28008]). •Synonym of Notarius Gill, 1863 -- (Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268]). •Valid as Aspistor Jordan & Evermann, 1898 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:448 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:128 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:21 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:36 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:639 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Aspistor Jordan & Evermann, 1898. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Aspistor luniscutis (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - Brazilian sea catfish (author) [=Arius luniscutis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:109] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Brazil. Current status: Valid as Aspistor luniscutis (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Atlantic coastal rivers from French Guiana to southern Brazil: Brazil and French Guiana. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Aspistor quadriscutis (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - Bressou sea catfish [=Arius quadriscutis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:111] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Suriname. Current status: Valid as Aspistor quadriscutis (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Atlantic coastal rivers from Guyana to northeastern Brazil: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

GENUS Batrachocephalus Bleeker, 1846 - sea catfishes [=Batrachocephalus Bleeker [P.], 1846:176] Notes: [ref. 5872]. Masc. Batrachocephalus ageneiosus Bleeker, 1846 (= Ageneiosus mino Hamilton, 1822). Type by monotypy. Bleeker's B. ageneiosus is an unneeded substitute for A. mino Hamilton, 1822. Jayaram 2006:325 [ref. 28762] list the type species as B. micropogon Bleeker [not researched]. See van Oijen et al. 2009:102 [ref. 30423]. •Valid as Batrachocephalus Bleeker, 1846 – (Jayaram & Dhanze 1979:49 [ref. 6800], Jayaram 1981:277 [ref. 6497], Kottelat 1985:271 [ref. 11441], Burgess 1989:167 [ref. 12860], Kottelat 1989:15 [ref. 13605], Rahman 1989:230 [ref. 24860], Kailola 1999:1834 [ref. 24732], Ataur Rahman 2003:253 [ref. 31338], Kailola 2004:130 [ref. 28108], Jayaram 2006:325 [ref. 28762] as Batracocephalus, Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:31 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:38 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Kottelat 2013:247 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Batrachocephalus Bleeker, 1846. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Batrachocephalus mino (Hamilton, 1822) - beardless sea catfish [=Ageneiosus mino Hamilton [F.], 1822:159, 375, Batrachocephalus ageneiosus Bleeker [P.], 1846:52 [176], Batrachocephalus micropogon Bleeker [P.], 1858:118] Notes: [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Upper Ganges estuaries. Current status: Valid as Batrachocephalus mino (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific; South and southeast Asia: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Habitat: brackish, marine. (ageneiosus) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Batrachocephalus mino (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (micropogon) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 4; ref. 365] Jakarta and Surabaja, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Batrachocephalus mino (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Brustiarius Herre, 1935 - sea catfishes [=Brustiarius (subgenus of Arius) Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1935:388] Notes: [ref. 2109]. Masc. Arius nox Herre, 1935. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840, but a valid subgenus Brustiarius as described -- (Kailola 1990:4 [ref. 19337]). •Valid as Brustiarius Herre, 1935 -- (Kailola 2004:130 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:34 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:38 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960]). Current status: Valid as Brustiarius Herre, 1935. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Brustiarius nox (Herre, 1935) - comb-gilled catfish [=Arius nox Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1935:388] Notes: [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 18 (no. 12); ref. 2109] Sepik River at Nyaurangai, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Brustiarius nox (Herre, 1935). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Sepic River, New Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Brustiarius solidus (Herre, 1935) - hard-palate catfish [=Arius solidus Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1935:385, Hemipimelodus bernhardi Nichols [J. T.], 1940:3, Arius kanganamanensis Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1935:387, Fig. 32, Arius microstomus Nichols [J. T.], 1940:2] Notes: [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 18 (no. 12); ref. 2109] Sepik River at Timbunke, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Brustiarius solidus (Herre, 1935). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater. (bernhardi) [American Museum Novitates No. 1093; ref. 17241] Bernhard Camp, Idenburg River, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Brustiarius solidus (Herre, 1935). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater. (kanganamanensis) [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 18 (no. 12); ref. 2109] Sepik River at Kanganaman (175 miles from sea), New Guinea. Current status: Synonym of Brustiarius solidus (Herre, 1935). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater. (microstomus) [American Museum Novitates No. 1093; ref. 17241] Bernhard Camp, Idenburg River, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Brustiarius solidus (Herre, 1935). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Carlarius Marceniuk & Menezes, 2007 - sea catfishes [=Carlarius Marceniuk [A. P.] & Menezes [N. A.], 2007:36] Notes: [ref. 29031]. Masc. Arius heudelotii Valenciennes, 1840. Type by original designation. •Valid as Carlarius Marceniuk & Menezes, 2007 -- (Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:641 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Carlarius Marceniuk & Menezes, 2007. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Carlarius heudelotii (Valenciennes, Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - smoothmouth sea catfish [=Arius heudelotii Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:73, Pl. 428, Arius mercatoris Poll [M.], 1949:201, Fig. 8] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Senegal. Current status: Valid as Carlarius heudelotii (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: West-central Africa, Niger River: Guinea Bissau, Nigeria and Senegal, Angola (?). Habitat: freshwater. (mercatoris) [Mémoires, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique No. 33; ref. 13028] Atlantic, 12°34'N, 17°09'W, depth 8-10 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Carlarius heudelotii (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. Species Carlarius latiscutatus (Gunther, 1864) - Bioco sea catfish (author) [=Arius latiscutatus Günther [A.], 1864:151, Fig., Pimelodus gambensis Bowdich [S. L.], 1825:234, Fig. 50, Arius lagoensis Pfaff [J. R.], 1933:298, Figs. 9-10] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Fernando Póo Island [Bioco Island], Equatorial Guinea, Gulf of Guinea. Current status: Valid as Carlarius latiscutatus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Widespread in coastal western Africa. Habitat: brackish, marine. (gambensis) [Fishes of Madeira; ref. 590] Gambia River, western Africa. Current status: Synonym of Carlarius latiscutatus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. (lagoensis) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 16517] Lagos, Nigeria. Current status: Synonym of Carlarius latiscutatus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Carlarius parkii (Gunther, 1864) - Guinean sea catfish [=Arius parkii Günther [A.], 1864:154, Fig., Arius capellonis Steindachner [F.], 1867:64, Arius granulatus Peters [W. (C. H.)], 1868:454] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Lagos, Nigeria. Current status: Valid as Carlarius parkii (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: brackish, marine. (capellonis) [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe v. 4 (no. 8); ref. 20462] Monrovia, Liberia. Current status: Synonym of Arius parkii Günther, 1864. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (granulatus) [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preuss[ischen] Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1868; ref. 7935] Lagos, Nigeria. Current status: Synonym of Arius parkii Günther, 1864. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Cathorops Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 - sea catfishes [=Cathorops (subgenus of Arius) Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.], 1883:39, 54, Precathorops (subgenus of Cathorops) Betancur-R. [R.] & Acero P. [A.], in Betancur-R., Acero P., Bermingham & Cooke, 2007:349] Notes: [ref. 2475]. Masc. Arius hypophthalmus Steindachner, 1877. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Cathorops Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 -- (Shimizu in Uyeno et al. 1983:160 [ref. 14275], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:146 [ref. 24550], Acero P. 2003:836 [ref. 26998], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:449 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:131 [ref. 28108], Betancur-R. & Acero P. 2005:46 [ref. 28341], Scharpf 2006:19 [ref. 30386], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:38 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:39 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268], Marceniuk 2007:33 [ref. 29324], Marceniuk & Bentancur-R. 2008:25 [ref. 29576], Marceniuk et al. 2009: 245, 280 [ref. 30406], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:77 [ref. 31865], Marceniuk et al. 2012:641 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Cathorops Jordan & Gilbert, 1883. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Precathorops) [ref. 29268]. Masc. Arius dasycephalus Günther, 1864. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cathorops Jordan & Gilbert, 1883, but a valid subgenus Precathorops as described -- (Marceniuk et al. 2012:641 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Synonym of Cathorops Jordan & Gilbert, 1883. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Cathorops agassizii (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888) - Agassiz's sea catfish (author) [=Tachisurus agassizii Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1888:145, Arius pleurops Boulenger [G. A.], 1897:296] Notes: [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 1249] Rio Grande do Sul [probably erroneous], Brazil. Current status: Valid as Cathorops agassizii (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: French Guiana and north and northeastern Brazil: Brazil and French Guiana. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (pleurops) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 20 (no. 117) (art. 28); ref. 14626] Magoarisinho, Cape Magoary [Maguarinho], Marajo Island, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops agassizii (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cathorops aguadulce (Meek, 1904) - estuarine sea catfish [=Galeichthys aguadulce Meek [S. E.], 1904:9, Pl. 4] Notes: [Field Columbian Museum, Zoological Series v. 5; ref. 2958] Río Tesechocán at Pérez, Veracruz, Río Papaloapam basin, Mexico. Current status: Valid as Cathorops aguadulce (Meek, 1904). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Atlantic Slope of Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Cathorops arenatus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - Valenciennes' sea catfish (author) [=Arius arenatus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:106, Arius fissus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:107, Arius variolosus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:107] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Suriname. Current status: Valid as Cathorops arenatus (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Atlantic coastal rivers from Guyana to northeastern Brazil: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname. Habitat: brackish, marine. (fissus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Suriname. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops arenatus (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (variolosus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Cayenne, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops arenatus (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Cathorops belizensis Marceniuk & Betancur-R, 2008 - Belize sea catfish (author) [=Cathorops (Cathorops) belizensis Marceniuk [A. P.] & Betancur-R. [R.], 2008:29, Figs. 7-8] Notes: [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 29576] Mangrove swamps at St. John's College, Belize City, Belize. Current status: Valid as Cathorops belizensis Marceniuk & Betancur-R,. 2008. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Western Caribbean Sea: Belize. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Cathorops dasycephalus (Günther, 1864) - big-bellied sea catfish [=Arius dasycephalus Günther [A.], 1864:157, Fig., Tachisurus longicephalus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1888:143] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands [in error]. Current status: Valid as Cathorops dasycephalus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and Central America in eastern Pacific drainages: Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Panama. Habitat: brackish, marine. (longicephalus) [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 1249] Gulf of Panama, (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops dasycephalus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Cathorops festae (Boulenger, 1898) - Narrangal sea catfish (author) [=Arius festae Boulenger [G. A.], 1898:5] Notes: [Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Università di Torino v. 13 (no. 329); ref. 14677] Narrangal [Naranjal], western Ecuador. Current status: Valid as Cathorops festae (Boulenger, 1898). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Ecuador and Peru. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Cathorops fuerthii (Steindachner, 1876) - Congo sea catfish [=Arius fuerthii Steindachner [F.], 1876:579 [29], Tachysurus evermanni Gilbert [C. H.] & Starks [E. C.], 1904:32, Pl. 5 (fig. 10)] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 72 (1. Abth.); ref. 18772] (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Valid as Cathorops fuerthii (Steindachner, 1876). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Mexico to northern South America in Pacific: Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama and Peru [but no recent records from Colombia and south; Mexico to El Salvador also questioned]. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (evermanni) [Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences v. 4; ref. 1639] Panama Bay, eastern Pacific. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops fuerthii (Steindachner, 1876). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Cathorops higuchii Marceniuk & Betancur-R, 2008 - Colon sea catfish (author) [=Cathorops (Cathorops) higuchii Marceniuk [A. P.] & Betancur-R. [R.], 2008:32, Figs. 12-13, 15] Notes: [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 29576] Colón reef, (Atlantic) Panama. Current status: Valid as Cathorops higuchii Marceniuk & Betancur-R., 2008. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Caribbean coast of Central America: Honduras to Panama. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Cathorops hypophthalmus (Steindachner, 1876) - gloomy sea catfish [=Arius hypophthalmus Steindachner [F.], 1876:581 [31], Pl. 10, Tachisurus gulosus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1888:146] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 72 (1. Abth.); ref. 18772] Panama. Current status: Valid as Cathorops hypophthalmus (Steindachner, 1876). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Brackish and fresh waters, Pacific drainage rivers, Panama. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (gulosus) [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 1249] Panama (Pacific). Current status: Synonym of Cathorops hypophthalmus (Steindachner, 1876). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cathorops kailolae Marceniuk & Betancur-R, 2008 - Izabal sea catfish (author) [=Cathorops (Cathorops) kailolae Marceniuk [A. P.] & Betancur-R. [R.], 2008:36, Figs. 16-18] Notes: [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 29576] Embayment about 3 miles west of El Estor, lago Izabal, Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Cathorops kailolae Marceniuk & Betancur-R., 2008. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Lake Izabal basin, Guatemala and Usumacinta River basin in Mexico and Guatemala. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Cathorops liropus (Bristol, in Gilbert, 1897) - Bristol's Mexican sea catfish (author) [=Tachysurus liropus Bristol [S. B.], in Gilbert, 1897:438] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1115); ref. 1629] San Juan Lagoon, near mouth of Río Ahome, Sonora, Mexico. Current status: Valid as Cathorops liropus (Bristol, 1897). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific coast of Mexico. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Cathorops manglarensis Marceniuk, 2007 - Tumaco sea catfish (author) [=Cathorops manglarensis Marceniuk [A. P.], 2007:34, Figs. 1-2, 5] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 1529; ref. 29324] Off Cape Manglares, south of Tumaco, 1°35'05"N. 79°03'30"W, Pacific coast of Colombia. Current status: Valid as Cathorops manglarensis Marceniuk, 2007. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Near Tumaco, Pacific coast of Colombia. Habitat: marine.

Species Cathorops mapale Betancur-R & Acero P, 2005 - Mapale sea catfish [=Cathorops mapale Betancur-R. [R.] & Acero P. [A.], 2005:47, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 1045; ref. 28341] Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia, 10°59'N, 74°17'W. Current status: Valid as Cathorops mapale Betancur-R. & Acero, P. 2005. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Caribbean: Colombia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cathorops melanopus (Günther, 1864) - dark sea catfish [=Arius melanopus Günther [A.], 1864:172] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Río Motagua, Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Cathorops melanopus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Montagua River basin, Guatemala. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Cathorops multiradiatus (Günther, 1864) - box sea catfish [=Arius multiradiatus Günther [A.], 1864:173, Bagrus arioides Kner [R.], 1863:227, "Fig. 15" (unpublished), Tachysurus emmelane Gilbert [C. H.], in Jordan & Evermann, 1898:2785, Tachysurus equatorialis Starks [E. C.], 1906:766, Figs. 3-4] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Río Bayano, Panama. Current status: Valid as Cathorops multiradiatus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Rivers and bays of Pacific coast of Central America: Panama to Peru: Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. Habitat: brackish, marine. (arioides) [Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu München 1863, v. 2; ref. 5002] Bayano River, Panama. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops multiradiatus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (emmelane) [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2445] (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops multiradiatus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (equatorialis) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 30 (no. 1468); ref. 10101] Guayaquil, Ecuador. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops multiradiatus (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Cathorops nuchalis (Gunther, 1864) - Guyanese sea catfish (author) [=Arius nuchalis Günther [A.], 1864:171, Fig., Arius laticeps Günther [A.], 1864:171, Figs.] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Guyana. Current status: Valid as Cathorops nuchalis (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Venezuela to Guyana. Habitat: brackish, marine. (laticeps) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Trinidad Island, West Indies; Guyana. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops nuchalis (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Venezuela (Lake Maracaiibo) to Guyana. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cathorops raredonae Marceniuk et al., 2009 - La Libertad sea catfish (author) [=Cathorops (Cathorops) raredonae Marceniuk [A. P.], Betancur-R. [R.] & Acero P. [A.], 2009:260, Figs. 4C, 5C] Notes: [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 85 (no. 3); ref. 30406] La Libertad, El Salvador. Current status: Valid as Cathorops raredonae Marceniuk, Betancur-R. & Acero P., 2009. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Mexico and El Salvador. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. Species Cathorops spixii (Agassiz, in Spix & Agassiz, 1829) - Madmango sea catfish [=Pimelodus spixii Agassiz [L.], in Spix & Agassiz, 1829:19, Pimelodus albidus Spix [J. B. von] & Agassiz [L.], 1829:19, Pl. 7 (fig. 1), Arius nigricans Valenciennes [A.], 1834:no p., Pl. 3 (fig. 3)] Notes: [Reise nach Griechenland und der Türkei; ref. 13] [Equatorial Brazil]. Neotype from Marajó Bay, Pará State, Brazil. Current status: Valid as Cathorops spixii (Agassiz, 1829). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Brazil. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (albidus) [Reise nach Griechenland und der Türkei; ref. 13] No locality stated. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:40 [ref. 29155]. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops spixii (Agassiz, 1829). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (nigricans) [Voyage dans l'Amérique méridionale; ref. 20720] Río de la Plata, Montevideo, Uruguay. Current status: Synonym of Cathorops spixii (Agassiz, 1829). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Cathorops steindachneri (Gilbert & Starks, 1904) - Steindachner's sea catfish [=Tachysurus steindachneri Gilbert [C. H.] & Starks [E. C.], 1904:29, Pl. 5 (fig. 9)] Notes: [Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences v. 4; ref. 1639] (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Valid as Cathorops steindachneri (Gilbert & Starks, 1904). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Central America (Pacific): Costa Rica, Honduras?, El Salvador and Panama. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Cathorops taylori (Hildebrand, 1925) - Lempa sea catfish (author) [=Arius taylori Hildebrand [S. F.], 1925:250, Fig. 10] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 41 (no. 985); ref. 15590] Río Lempa, San Marcos, El Salvador. Current status: Valid as Cathorops taylori (Hildebrand, 1925). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Guatemala and El Salvador [possibly Mexico and Honduras, doubtfully Panama]. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. Species Cathorops tuyra (Meek & Hildebrand, 1923) - Besudo sea catfish [=Arius tuyra Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.], 1923:128, Pl. 5] Notes: [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 215); ref. 2963] Río Tuyra, mouth of Río Yape, Darien, Panama (Pacific). Current status: Valid as Cathorops tuyra (Meek & Hildebrand, 1923). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific drainage rivers and estuaries from Panama to Peru: Colombia, Ecuador, Panama and Peru. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Cathorops wayuu Betancur-R et al., in Marceniuk et al., 2012 - wayuu sea catfish (author) [=Cathorops wayuu Betancur-R. [R.], Acero P. [P.] & Marceniuk [A. P.], in Marceniuk, Betancur-R., Acero P. & Muriel-Cunha, 2012:87, Fig. 9] Notes: [Copeia 2012 (no. 1); ref. 31865] La Guajira, Camarones at lagoon, ca. 11°25'43"N, 73°04'15"W, (Caribbean) Colombia. Current status: Valid as Cathorops wayuu Betancur-R., Acero P. & Marceniuk, 2012. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Colombia to Venezuela, southern Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Cephalocassis Bleeker, 1857 - sea catfishes [=Cephalocassis Bleeker [P.], 1857:473, Hemipimelodus Bleeker [P.], 1857:47] Notes: [ref. 6220]. Fem. Arius melanochir Bleeker, 1852. Type by subsequent designation. Also appeared in Bleeker 1858:22, 26, 62, 98, 246 [ref. 365]. Type designated by Bleeker 1862:7 [ref. 393]. See van Oijen et al. 2009:83, 216 [ref. 30423]. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Roberts 1989:110 [ref. 6439]). •Valid as Cephalocassis Bleeker, 1857 -- (Kailola 1999:1828 [ref. 24732], Kailola 2004:132 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:46 [ref. 29031] dated 1858, Ferraris 2007:41 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:641 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:247 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Cephalocassis Bleeker, 1857. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Hemipimelodus) [ref. 6220]. Masc. Pimelodus borneensis Bleeker, 1851. Type by monotypy. Also appeared in Bleeker 1858:205, 236 [ref. 365]. Type designated by Bleeker 1862:8 [ref. 393] and 1863:92 [ref. 401] but type designation first in 1857 as above by monotypy. According to Ferraris 2007:41 [ref. 29155], Kailola 2004 serves as first reviser selecting Cephalocassis over Hemipimelodus. See van Oijen et al. 2009:207 [ref. 30423]. •Valid as Hemipimelodus Bleeker, 1857 -- (Jayaram & Dhanze 1979:48 [ref. 6800], Jayaram 1981:283 [ref. 6497], Kottelat 1985:271 [ref. 11441], Burgess 1989:167 [ref. 12860], Kottelat 1989:15 [ref. 13605], Roberts 1989:110 [ref. 6439], Kailola 2004:132 [ref. 28108], Jayaram 2006:332 [ref. 28762]). •Synonym of Cephalocassis Bleeker, 1857 -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:46 [ref. 29031] with both genera dated 1858, Ferraris 2007:41 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:247 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cephalocassis Bleeker, 1857. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Cephalocassis borneensis (Bleeker, 1851) - Bornean sea catfish (author) [=Pimelodus borneensis Bleeker [P.], 1851:430, Hemipimelodus macrocephalus Bleeker [P.], 1858:239, Hemipimelodus siamensis Sauvage [H.-E.], 1878:234 [2]] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2; ref. 16897] Sambas, western Borneo, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Cephalocassis borneensis (Bleeker, 1851). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (macrocephalus) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 4; ref. 365] Bandjarmasin, southern Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Cephalocassis borneensis (Bleeker, 1851). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater. (siamensis) [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 2; ref. 3879] Laos. Current status: Synonym of Cephalocassis borneensis (Bleeker, 1851). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cephalocassis jatius (Hamilton, 1822) - river catfish [=Pimelodus jatius Hamilton [F.], 1822:171, 376] Notes: [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Bengal, India. Current status: Valid as Cephalocassis jatius (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cephalocassis manillensis (Valenciennes, Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - Philippine sea catfish (author) [=Pimelodus manillensis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:192] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Manila, Philippines. Current status: Valid as Cephalocassis manillensis (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cephalocassis melanochir (Bleeker, 1852) - Sumatran sea catfish (author) [=Arius melanochir Bleeker [P.], 1852:590, Arius doriae Vinciguerra [D.], 1881:174, Figured] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3; ref. 334] Palembang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Cephalocassis melanochir (Bleeker, 1852). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indonesia and Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater. (doriae) [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova v. 16; ref. 14291] Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo. Current status: Synonym of Cephalocassis melanochir (Bleeker, 1852). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Northern Borneo [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Cinetodus Ogilby, 1898 - sea catfishes [=Cinetodus Ogilby [J. D.], 1898:32, Septobranchus Hardenberg [J. D. F.], 1941:223, Tetranesodon Weber [M.], 1913:545, Notes: [ref. 5861]. Masc. Arius froggatti Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Cinetodus Ogilby, 1898 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:220 [ref. 12442], Allen 1991:57 [ref. 21090], Kailola 1999:1832 [ref. 24732], Kailola 2004:133 [ref. 28108], Hoese & Gates 2006:353 [ref. 28997], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:50 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:42 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:642 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Cinetodus Ogilby, 1898. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Septobranchus) [ref. 2037]. Masc. Septobranchus johannae Hardenberg, 1941. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Cinetodus Ogilby, 1898 -- (Kailola 2004:133 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:50 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:42 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Cinetodus Ogilby, 1898. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Tetranesodon) [ref. 4603]. Masc. Tetranesodon conorhynchus Weber, 1913. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Tetranesodon Weber, 1913 -- (Burgess 1989:168 [ref. 12860], Allen 1991:59 [ref. 21090]). •Synonym of Cinetodus Ogilby, 1898 -- (Kailola 2004:133 [ref. 28108]). •Synonym of Pachyula Ogilby, 1898 -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:88 [ref. 29031]). •Synonym of Cinetodus Ogilby, 1898 -- (Ferraris 2007:42 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Cinetodus Ogilby, 1898. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Cinetodus carinatus (Weber, 1913) - comb-spined catfish [=Arius (Hemiarius) carinatus Weber [M.], 1913:537, Figs. 13-14] Notes: [Süsswasserfische aus Niederländisch Süd- und Nord-Neu-Guinea v. 9 (livr. 4); ref. 4603] Lorentz River, Van Weellskamp and Sande River, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Cinetodus carinatus (Weber, 1913). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Papua Province, Indonesia; Papua New Guinea and northern Australia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Cinetodus froggatti (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886) - Froggatt's catfish, smallmouthed salmon catfish [=Arius froggatti Ramsay [E. P.] & Ogilby [J. D.], 1886:14, Septobranchus johannae Hardenberg [J. D. F.], 1941:223, Fig. 3] Notes: [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 14464] Strickland River, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Cinetodus froggatti (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Papua Province, Indonesia; Papua New Guinea and northern Australia; lowland rivers and estuaries. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (johannae) [Treubia Buitenzorg v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 2037] Merauke, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Cinetodus froggatti (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

GENUS Cochlefelis Whitley, 1941 - sea catfishes [=Cochlefelis Whitley [G. P.], 1941:8] Notes: [ref. 4701]. Fem. Arius spatula Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886. Type by original designation. •Valid as Cochlefelis Whitley, 1941 -- (Allen 1991:58 [ref. 21090], Kailola 2004:134 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:52 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:42 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk et al. 2012:642 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:248 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Cochlefelis Whitley, 1941. Ariidae: Ariinae. Species Cochlefelis burmanicus (Day, 1870) - Irrawaddy sea catfish (author) [=Arius burmanicus Day [F.], 1870:618] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1869 (pt 3); ref. 14093] Irrawaddy River, Bassein District; Salween, Tenasserim provinces, Myanmar. Current status: Valid as Cochlefelis burmanicus (Day, 1870). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Myanmar, India and Bangladesh. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cochlefelis danielsi (Regan, 1908) - Daniel's catfish [=Arius (Hemiarius) danielsi Regan [C. T.], 1908:154] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 14340] Fly River, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Cochlefelis danielsi (Regan, 1908). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Papua Province, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cochlefelis insidiator (Kailola, 2000) - flat catfish [=Arius insidiator Kailola [P. J.], 2000:131, Figs. 3-4] Notes: [The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory v. 16; ref. 25113] Mouth of Wildman River, 12°26'S, 132°09'E, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Valid as Cochlefelis insidiator (Kailola, 2000). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Papua New Guinea and northern Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Cochlefelis spatula (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886) - duckbilled catfish [=Arius spatula Ramsay [E. P.] & Ogilby [J. D.], 1886:15, Arius (Hemiarius) nudidens Weber [M.], 1913:538, Fig. 15] Notes: [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 14464] Strickland River, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Cochlefelis spatula (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). Habitat: freshwater. (nudidens) [Süsswasserfische aus Niederländisch Süd- und Nord-Neu-Guinea v. 9 (livr. 4); ref. 4603] Lorentz River, New Guinea. Current status: Synonym of Cochlefelis spatula (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Cryptarius Kailola, 2004 - sea catfishes [=Cryptarius Kailola [P. J.], 2004:134] Notes: [ref. 28108]. Arius truncatus Valenciennes, 1840. Type by original designation. •Valid as Cryptarius Kailola, 2004 -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:54 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:43 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:642 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:248 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Cryptarius Kailola, 2004. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Cryptarius daugueti (Chevey, 1932) - Chevey's sea catfish (author) [=Hemipimelodus daugueti Chevey [P.], 1932:41, Pl. 13] Notes: [Travaux de l'Institut Océanographique de l'Indochine Mémoire 4; ref. 16477] Indo-China. Current status: Valid as Cryptarius daugueti (Chevey, 1932). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Cambodia and Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Cryptarius truncatus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - spoonsnouted catfish [=Arius truncatus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:64, Hemipimelodus cochlearis Fowler [H. W.], 1935:101, Fig. 25] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Cryptarius truncatus (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Habitat: brackish. (cochlearis) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 87; ref. 13881] Paknam, Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Cryptarius truncatus (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish.

GENUS Doiichthys Weber, 1913 - sea catfishes [=Doiichthys Weber [M.], 1913:532, Notes: [ref. 4603]. Masc. Doiichthys novaeguineae Weber, 1913. Type by monotypy. Species originally given as novae-guineae; emendation mandatory. •Synonym of Nedystoma Ogilby, 1898 -- (Kailola 2004:138 [ref. 28108], Ferraris 2007:46 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Doiichthys Weber, 1913 -- (Burgess 1989:167 [ref. 12860], Allen 1991:59 [ref. 21090], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:57 [ref. 29031], Marceniuk et al. 2012:643 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Doiichthys Weber, 1913. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Doiichthys novaeguineae Weber, 1913 - Varen River sea catfish (author) [=Doiichthys novaeguineae Weber [M.], 1913:534, Fig. 12] Notes: [Süsswasserfische aus Niederländisch Süd- und Nord-Neu-Guinea v. 9 (livr. 4); ref. 4603] Varen River, a tributary of Lorentz River, southern New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Doiichthys novaeguineae Weber, 1913. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

GENUS Genidens Castelnau, 1855 - sea catfishes [=Genidens Castelnau [F. L.], 1855:33, Guiritinga Bleeker [P.], 1858:62, 67] Notes: [ref. 766]. Masc. Bagrus genidens Valenciennes, 1840. Type by original designation (or by absolute tautonymy). Bagrus genidens renamed G. cuvieri by Castelnau. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Kailola 1990:4 [ref. 19337]). •Incertae sedis -- (Kailola 2004:144 [ref. 28108]). •Valid as Genidens Castelnau, 1855 -- (Burgess 1989:167 [ref. 12860], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:450 [ref. 27061], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:63 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:43 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:643 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Genidens Castelnau, 1855. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Guiritinga) [ref. 365]. Fem. Pimelodus commersonii Lacepède, 1803. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Netuma Bleeker, 1858, but may be valid for South American species -- (Higuchi et al. 1982:3 [ref. 11467]). •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Kailola 1990:4 [ref. 19337]). •Valid as Guiritinga Bleeker, 1858 -- (Kailola 2004:145 [ref. 28108]). •Synonym of Genidens Castelnau, 1855 – (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:450 [ref. 27061], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:63 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:43 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Genidens Bleeker, 1858. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Genidens barbus (Lacepède, 1803) - white sea catfish [=Pimelodus barbus Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1803:94, 102, Bagrus barbatus Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.], 1824:230, Pl. 49 (figs. 1-2), Pimelodus commersonii Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1803:95, 103, Pl. 3 (fig. 1), Silurus marinus Larrañaga [D. A.], 1923:376, Silurus sexdecimradiatus Larrañaga [D. A.], 1923:386, Tachisurus upsulonophorus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1889:31, Pimelodus versicolor Castelnau [F. L.], 1855:35, Pl. 16 (fig. 3)] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 5; ref. 4930] Tropical America. Current status: Valid as Genidens barbus (Lacepède, 1803). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Atlantic coast of South America from La Plata River to eastern Brazil: Argentina: Brazil and Uruguay. Habitat: brackish, marine. (barbatus) [Voyage autour du monde; ref. 3574] Rio de la Plata, South America. Current status: Synonym of Genidens barbus (Lacepède, 1803). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (commersonii) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 5; ref. 4930] No locality. Current status: Synonym of Genidens barbus (Lacepède, 1803). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (marinus) [Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga v. 2; ref. 22561] Uruguay. Current status: Synonym of Genidens barbus (Lacepède, 1803). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (sexdecimradiatus) [Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga v. 2; ref. 22561] Uruguay. Current status: Synonym of Genidens barbus (Lacepède, 1803). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (upsulonophorus) [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 2; ref. 1253] Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Genidens barbus (Lacepède, 1803). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (versicolor) [Animaux nouveaux or rares v. 2; ref. 766] Rio Araguay, Goiás, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Genidens barbus (Lacepède, 1803). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Genidens genidens (Cuvier, 1829) - Guri sea catfish [=Pimelodus genidens Cuvier [G.], 1829:294, Genidens cuvieri Castelnau [F. L.], 1855:34, Genidens granulosus Castelnau [F. L.], 1855:34, Pl. 16 (fig. 1), Genidens valenciennesii Bleeker [P.], 1858:68] Notes: [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Current status: Valid as Genidens genidens (Cuvier, 1829). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Atlantic draining rivers of southern South America: Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. Habitat: brackish, marine. (cuvieri) [Animaux nouveaux or rares v. 2; ref. 766] Rio de La Plata. Current status: Synonym of Genidens genidens (Cuvier, 1829). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (granulosus) [Animaux nouveaux or rares v. 2; ref. 766] Rio Araguay, Goiás, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Genidens genidens (Cuvier, 1829). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (valenciennesii) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 4; ref. 365] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Argentina. Current status: Synonym of Genidens genidens (Cuvier, 1829). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Genidens machadoi (Miranda Ribeiro, 1918) - Macae sea catfish (author) [=Tachysurus machadoi Miranda Ribeiro [A. de], 1918:110] Notes: [Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Sciências v. 2; ref. 27234] Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Current status: Valid as Genidens machadoi (Miranda Ribeiro, 1918). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Coastal rivers of southern Atlantic from Rio de Janeiro to Argentina and possibly Chile: Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Genidens planifrons (Higuchi et al., 1982) - Laguna dos Patos sea catfish (author) [=Netuma planifrons Higuchi [H.], Reis [E. G.] & Araújo [F. G.], 1982:12, Fig. 1] Notes: [Atlantica, Rio Grande v. 5; ref. 11467] Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brazil. Current status: Valid as Genidens planifrons (Higuchi, Reis & Araújo, 1982). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Laguna dos Patos drainage and nearby Atlantic: Brazil. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Hemiarius Bleeker, 1862 - sea catfishes [=Hemiarius Bleeker [P.], 1862:7, 29] Notes: [ref. 393]. Masc. Cephalocassis stormii Bleeker, 1858. Type by original designation. Dates to part 6 (26 Nov. 1862); Pl. 100 dates to part 9 (before 8 Oct. 1863). Also appeared in Bleeker 1862:392 [ref. 391] as name only and in Bleeker 1863:90 [ref. 401]. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Roberts 1989:110 [ref. 6439], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:447 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Hemiarius Bleeker, 1862 -- (Kailola 2004:136 [ref. 28108], Hoese & Gates 2006:353 [ref. 28997], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:67 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:44 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:643 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:248 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Hemiarius Bleeker, 1862. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Hemiarius dioctes (Kailola, 2000) - warrior catfish [=Arius dioctes Kailola [P. J.], 2000:128, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory v. 16; ref. 25113] Norman River at Karumba, 17°29'S, 140°50'E, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Valid as Hemiarius dioctes (Kailola, 2000). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Australia and New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Hemiarius hardenbergi (Kailola, 2000) - Hardenberg's sea catfish (author) [=Arius hardenbergi Kailola [P. J.], 2000:137, Figs. 7-8] Notes: [The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory v. 16; ref. 25113] Manimeri River, 2°06'S, 133°45'E, Bintuni Bay, West Papua (Irian Jaya). Current status: Valid as Hemiarius hardenbergi (Kailola, 2000). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: New Guinea. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Hemiarius harmandi Sauvage, 1880 - Harmand's sea catfish (author) [=Hemiarius harmandi Sauvage [H.-E.], 1880:230 [20], Arius brevirostris Steindachner [F.], 1901:447] Notes: [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 4; ref. 3889] Isle de Phu-Quoc, Gulf of Thailand. Current status: Valid as Hemiarius harmandi Sauvage, 1880. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Borneo (?) and Thailand. Habitat: brackish. (brevirostris) [Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft v. 25; ref. 14769] Baram River, Borneo. Current status: Synonym of Hemiarius harmandi Sauvage, 1880. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Hemiarius sona (Hamilton, 1822) - Sona sea catfish [=Pimelodus sona Hamilton [F.], 1822:172, 376, Bagrus trachipomus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:442] Not es: account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Bengal estuaries. Current status: Valid as Hemiarius sona (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Habitat: brackish, marine. (trachipomus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Bengal. Current status: Synonym of Hemiarius sona (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Hemiarius stormii (Bleeker, 1858) - armored sea catfish [=Cephalocassis stormii Bleeker [P.], 1858:246] Notes: [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 4; ref. 365] Mussi River, Palembang, southern Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Hemiarius stormii (Bleeker, 1858). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia. Habitat: brackish. Species Hemirarius sumatranus (Anonymous [Bennett], 1830) - Sumatran sea catfish (author) [=Bagrus sumatranus Anonymous [Bennett [E. T.]], 1830:691] Notes: [Memoir of the life and public services of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles; ref. 259] Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Hemiarius sumatranus (Anonymous [Bennett], 1830). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Hemiarius verrucosus (Ng, 2003) - Ng's Mekong sea catfish (author) [=Arius verrucosus Ng [H. H.], 2003:3, Fig. 1] Notes: [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 734; ref. 27208] Mekong River at Ban Hang Khone, just downstream from Khone Falls, Champasak, Laos. Current status: Valid as Hemiarius verrucosus (Ng, 2003). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Middle and lower reaches of the Mekong River and possibly the lower Bang Pakong, Laos. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Hexanematichthys Bleeker, 1858 - sea catfishes [=Hexanematichthys Bleeker [P.], 1858:2] Notes: [ref. 364]. Masc. Bagrus sondaicus Valenciennes, 1840. Type by monotypy. Also in Bleeker 1858:24 et seq., 61, 126 [ref. 365]; earliest publication in 1858 not established. See van Oijen et al. 2009:110 [ref. 30423]. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Roberts 1989:110 [ref. 6439]). •Synonym of Sciades (Müller & Troschel, 1849) -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:103 [ref. 29031] with wrong type species). •Valid as Hexanematichthys Bleeker, 1858 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:451 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:137 [ref. 28108], Hoese & Gates 2006:353 [ref. 28997], Ferraris 2007:45 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:248 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Hexanematichthys Bleeker, 1858. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Hexanematichthys mastersi (Ogilby, 1898) - Masters' catfish [=Arius mastersi Ogilby [J. D.], 1898:34, Tachysurus (Pararius) godfreyi Whitley [G. P.], 1941:11, Fig. 8 (nos. 3-4), Arius sagoroides Hardenberg [J. D. F.], 1941:221, Fig. 2] Notes: [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 23 (pt 1); ref. 5861] Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Valid as Hexanematichthys mastersi (Ogilby, 1898). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Southern New Guinea and Australia: Australia, Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea. Habitat: brackish, marine. (godfreyi) [Australian Zoologist v. 10 (pt 1); ref. 4701] Port Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Hexanematichthys mastersi (Ogilby, 1898). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (sagoroides) [Treubia Buitenzorg v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 2037] Merauke, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Hexanematichthys mastersi (Ogilby, 1898). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Hexanematichthys sagor (Hamilton, 1822) - Sagor catfish [=Pimelodus sagor Hamilton [F.], 1822:169, 376, Bagrus doroides Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:448, Pl. 418, Bagrus javensis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:445, Bagrus sondaicus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:444, Hexanematichthys sundaicus Bleeker [P.], 1858:2 (3)] Notes: [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Bengal estuaries. Current status: Valid as Hexanematichthys sagor (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Singapore and Thailand. Habitat: brackish, marine. (doroides) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Puducherry, India; Bengal. Current status: Synonym of Hexanematichthys sagor (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (javensis) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Hexanematichthys sagor (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (sondaicus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Sonde Strait, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Hexanematichthys sagor (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (sundaicus) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 5 (art. 7); ref. 364] Sonde Strait, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Hexanematichthys sagor (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Ketengus Bleeker, 1846 - sea catfishes [=Ketengus Bleeker [P.], 1846:9] Notes: [ref. 16879]. Masc. Ketengus typus Bleeker, 1847. Type by monotypy (also by use of typus). See van Oijen et al. 2009:212 [ref. 30423]. •Valid as Ketengus Bleeker, 1846 -- (Jayaram & Dhanze 1979:48 [ref. 6800], Jayaram 1981:282 [ref. 6497], Burgess 1989:167 [ref. 12860], Kottelat 1989:15 [ref. 13605], Kailola 1999:1834 [ref. 24732], Kailola 2004:137 [ref. 28108], Jayaram 2006:330 [ref. 28762], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:69 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:45 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:639 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:248 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Ketengus Bleeker, 1846. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Ketengus typus Bleeker, 1846 - bigmouth sea catfish [=Ketengus typus Bleeker [P.] 1846:9, Pimelodus pectinidens Cantor [T. E.], 1849:1243 [261]] Notes: [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 7); ref. 16879] Banjermassing, Java, Indonesia, in rivers. Current status: Valid as Ketengus typus Bleeker, 1846. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: Andaman Islands, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (pectinidens) [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 715] Penang, Malaysia. Current status: Synonym of Ketengus typus Bleeker, 1846. Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

GENUS Nedystoma Ogilby, 1898 - sea catfishes [=Nedystoma Ogilby [J. D.], 1898:32] Notes: [ref. 5861]. Neut. Hemipimelodus dayi Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Nedystoma Ogilby, 1898 – (Burgess 1989:167 [ref. 12860], Allen 1991:59 [ref. 21090], Kailola 1999:1832 [ref. 24732], Kailola 2004:138 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:73 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:46 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960]). Current status: Valid as Nedystoma Ogilby, 1898. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Nedystoma dayi (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886) - Day's catfish [=Hemipimelodus dayi Ramsay [E. P.] & Ogilby [J. D.], 1886:16] Notes: [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 14464] Strickland River, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Nedystoma dayi (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

GENUS Nemapteryx Ogilby, 1908 - sea catfishes [=Nemapteryx Ogilby [J. D.], 1908:3, 10] Notes: [ref. 3285]. Fem. Arius stirlingi Ogilby, 1898. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:447 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Nemapteryx Ogilby, 1908 -- (Kailola 2004:139 [ref. 28108], Hoese & Gates 2006:354 [ref. 28997], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:74 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:46 [ref. 29155], Kimura 2009:34 [ref. 30426], Marceniuk et al. 2012:644 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:249 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Nemapteryx Ogilby, 1908. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Nemapteryx armiger (De Vis, 1884) - threadfin catfish [=Arius armiger De Vis [C. W.], 1884:454, Arius stirlingi Ogilby [J. D.], 1898:281] Notes: [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 8 (pt 4); ref. 1089] New Britain [in error]. Current status: Valid as Nemapteryx armiger (De Vis, 1884). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Northern Australia and central-southern New Guinea. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (stirlingi) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 23 (pt 3); ref. 3276] Estuary of Adelaide River, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx armiger (De Vis, 1884). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Nemapteryx augusta (Roberts, 1978) - short barbelled catfish [=Arius augustus Roberts [T. R.], 1978:36, Figs. 14, 20d] Notes: [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 281; ref. 8886] Middle Fly River, Papua New Guinea, 6°32.5'S, 140°55.0'E. Current status: Valid as Nemapteryx augusta (Roberts, 1978). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Fly-Strickland river system, Papua New Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Nemapteryx bleekeri (Popta, 1900) - Bleeker's catfish [=Arius bleekeri Popta [C. M. L.], 1900:71] Notes: [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 22 (nos 1-2); ref. 14737] Malay Archipelago. Current status: Valid as Nemapteryx bleekeri (Popta, 1900). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indonesia and Malaysia. Habitat: brackish.

Species Nemapteryx macronotacantha (Bleeker, 1846) - Javan nemapteryx (author) [=Arius macronotacanthus Bleeker [P.], 1846:32 [159], Arius parvipinnis Day [F.], 1877:460, Pl. 113 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Nemapteryx macronotacantha (Bleeker, 1846). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: India, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (parvipinnis) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Coromandel coast of India. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx macronotacantha (Bleeker, 1846). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822) - Hamilton's nemapteryx (author) [=Pimelodus nenga Hamilton [F.], 1822:171, 376, Arius aequibarbis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:68, Bagrus arioides Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:440, Arius caelatoides Bleeker [P.], 1846:31 [159], Arius caelatus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:66, Arius chondropterygius Bleeker [P.], 1846:35 [162], Arius clypeaster Bleeker [P.], 1846:34 [161], Arius clypeastroides Bleeker [P.], 1846:34 [161], Arius granosus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:69, Arius melanopterygius Bleeker [P.], 1849:10, Arius microgastropterygius Bleeker [P.], 1846:33 [160]] Notes: [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Estuaries of Bengal, India. Current status: Valid as Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific, south and southeast Asia: western India east to Kalimantan and Bali (Indonesia). Habitat: brackish, marine. (aequibarbis) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Rangoon, Myanmar; Bengal. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (arioides) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Bengal. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (caelatoides) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. (caelatus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia; Mumbai, India. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeastern Asia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (chondropterygius) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (clypeaster) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (clypeastroides) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (granosus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Puducherry, India. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. (melanopterygius) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 22 [8]; ref. 320] Madura Straits near Surabaya and Kammal, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (microgastropterygius) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Nemapteryx nenga (Hamilton, 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Neoarius Castelnau, 1878 - sea catfishes [=Neoarius Castelnau [F. L.], 1878:237] Notes: [ref. 761]. Masc. Arius curtisii Castelnau, 1878. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:219 [ref. 12442] based on placement of type species, Kailola 1990:4 [ref. 19337], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:447 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Ariopsis Gill, 1861 -- (Kailola 2004:125 [ref. 28108]). •Valid as Neoarius Castelnau, 1878 -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:75 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:47 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Morgan 2011:10 [ref. 31262], Marceniuk et al. 2012:644 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Neoarius Castelnau, 1878. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Neoarius berneyi (Whitley, 1941) - highfin catfish [=Tachysurus (Pararius) berneyi Whitley [G. P.], 1941:9, Fig. 8 (no. 5), Arius cleptolepis Roberts [T. R.], 1978:37, Figs. 15, 20e] Notes: [Australian Zoologist v. 10 (pt 1); ref. 4701] Pools of Flinders River, near Hughenden and Richmond, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Valid as Neoarius berneyi (Whitley, 1941). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Northern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Habitat: freshwater. (cleptolepis) [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 281; ref. 8886] Elevala River, Upper Fly River, Papua New Guinea, 6°05.7'S, 141°27.7'E. Current status: Synonym of Neoarius berneyi (Whitley, 1941). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Neoarius coatesi (Kailola, 1990) - Coates' catfish [=Arius coatesi Kailola [P. J.], 1990:18, Fig. 5] Notes: [Records of the Western Australian Museum Suppl. No. 34; ref. 19337] Market at Angoram, Sepik River, Papua New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Neoarius coatesi (Kailola, 1990). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Sepik River basin, Papua New Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Neoarius graeffei (Kner & Steindachner, 1867) - blue salmon catfish [=Arius graeffei Kner [R.] & Steindachner [F.], 1867:383 [28], Pl. 4 (fig. 12), Arius australis Günther [A.], 1867:103, Fig., Arius curtisii Castelnau [F. L.], 1878:236] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 54 (pt 3); ref. 2640] Samoa [doubtful]. Current status: Valid as Neoarius graeffei (Kner & Steindachner, 1867). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Southern New Guinea and northern Australia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (australis) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867 (pt 1); ref. 1986] Hunter River near Ash Island, New South Wales, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Neoarius graeffei (Kner & Steindachner, 1867). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (curtisii) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 761] Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Neoarius graeffei (Kner & Steindachner, 1867). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Neoarius leptaspis (Bleeker, 1862) - New Guinea sea catfish (author) [=Hexanematichthys leptaspis Bleeker [P.], 1862:27, [Pl. 65]] Notes: [Atlas ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Néêrlandaises; ref. 393] Southwestern New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Neoarius leptaspis (Bleeker, 1862). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Northern Australia and New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Neoarius midgleyorum (Kailola & Pierce, 1988) - silver cobbler [=Arius midgleyorum Kailola [P. J.] & Pierce [B. E.], 1988:75, Figs. 1-2, 5-6] Notes: [Records of the Western Australian Museum v. 14 (pt 1); ref. 19338] Wickham Gorge, Victoria River, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Valid as Neoarius midgleyorum (Kailola & Pierce, 1988). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: New Guinea and northern Australia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Neoarius paucus (Kailola, 2000) - Flinders River sea catfish (author) [=Arius paucus Kailola [P. J.], 2000:141, Figs. 12-13] Notes: [The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory v. 16; ref. 25113] Flinders River near Maxwellton, 20°47'S, 142°43'E, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Valid as Neoarius paucus (Kailola, 2000). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Northern Australia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Neoarius pectoralis (Kailola, 2000) - sawspine catfish [=Arius pectoralis Kailola [P. J.], 2000:133, Figs. 5-6] Notes: [The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory v. 16; ref. 25113] Chapman River, Queensland, 14°56'S, 141°38'E, Australia. Current status: Valid as Neoarius pectoralis (Kailola, 2000). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Southern New Guinea and Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Neoarius taylori (Roberts, 1978) - Taylor's catfish [=Hemipimelodus taylori Roberts [T. R.], 1978:40, Figs. 19, 20h, Arius robertsi Kailola [P. J.], 1990:24] Notes: [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 281; ref. 8886] Upper Fly River, Papua New Guinea, 6°46'48"S, 141°36'36"E. Current status: Valid as Neoarius taylori (Roberts, 1978). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Fly River system, New Guinea [still known in 2007 from the original collection]. Habitat: freshwater. (robertsi) [Records of the Western Australian Museum Suppl. No. 34; ref. 19337] Current status: Synonym of Neoarius taylori (Roberts, 1978). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater. Species Neoarius utarus (Kailola, 1990) - Northern rivers catfish [=Arius utarus Kailola [P. J.], 1990:12, Figs. 4] Notes: [Records of the Western Australian Museum Suppl. No. 34; ref. 19337] Murik Lakes, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Neoarius utarus (Kailola, 1990). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Papua New Guinea. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

GENUS Netuma Bleeker, 1858 - sea catfishes [=Netuma Bleeker [P.], 1858:62, 67, 93, Catastoma Kuhl [H.] & van Hasselt [J. C.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:60, Pararius (subgenus of Tachysurus) Whitley [G. P.], 1940:409, Sarcogenys Bleeker [P.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt), 1858:96] Notes: [ref. 365]. Fem. Bagrus netuma Valenciennes, 1840. Type by absolute tautonymy. Also appeared on p. 23 et seq. Type apparently by tautonymy in ref. 365, not N. thalassina = Netuma nasuta as designated by Bleeker 1862:7 [ref. 393]. See van Oijen et al. 2009:80 [ref. 30423]. Kottelat dates to 1858g:415 to July, which would change the type to nasudus. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 based on current placement of type species. •Valid as Netuma Bleeker, 1858 -- (Higuchi et al. 1982:3 [ref. 11467], Inada in Nakamura et al. 1986:85 [ref. 14235], Taylor 1986:158 [ref. 6195], Kailola 2004:140 [ref. 28108], Hoese & Gates 2006:354 [ref. 28997], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:78 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:48 [ref. 29155], Kimura 2009:35 [ref. 30426], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:643 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:249 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Netuma Bleeker 1858. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Catastoma) [ref. 1008]. Neut. Catastoma nasutum Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1840. Type by monotypy. Not available, genus and species as manuscript names mentioned in passing under Arius nasutus; apparently never made available by later use. See Ferraris 2007:48 [ref. 29155]. •In the synonymy of Netuma Bleeker, 1858 -- (Kailola 2004:140 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:78 [ref. 29031], Kottelat 2013:249 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Netuma Bleeker, 1858. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Pararius) [ref. 4699]. Masc. Arius proximus Ogilby, 1898. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 – (Kailola 1990:4 [ref. 19337], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:447 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Brustiarius Herre, 1935 -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:34 [ref. 29031]). •Synonym of Netuma Bleeker, 1858 -- (Kailola 2004:140 [ref. 28108], Ferraris 2007:48 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:249 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Netuma Bleeker, 1858. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Sarcogenys) [ref. 365]. Fem. Manuscript name mentioned in synonymy or Netuma nasuta; based on Sarcogenys rostratus Kuhl & van Hasselt (MS); apparently never made available. See Ferraris 2007:48 [ref. 29155]. •In the synonymy of Netuma Bleeker, 1858-- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:78 [ref. 29031], Kottelat 2013:249 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Netuma Bleeker, 1858. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Netuma bilineata (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - bronze catfish [=Bagrus bilineatus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:434, Arius andamanensis Day [F.], 1871:699 [23], Arius dayi Dmitrenko [E. M.], 1974:39, Figs. 1-2, Netuma osakae Jordan [D. S.] & Kasawa [M.], in Jordan & Hubbs, 1925:157, Pl. 9 (fig. 1), Bagrus rhodonotus Bleeker [P.], 1846:29 [157]] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Puducherry, India; Rangoon, Myanmar. Current status: Valid as Netuma bilineata (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific/South and southeast Asia, New Guinea and Australia: Andaman Islands, Australia, China, Gulf of Oman, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Pakistan, Philipines, Thailand and Vietnam. Habitat: brackish, marine. (andamanensis) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1870 (pt 3); ref. 1078] Andaman Islands. Current status: Synonym of Netuma bilineata (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (dayi) [Vestnik Zoologii v. 1974 (no. 3); ref. 7499] Masir Strait, Gulf of Oman, 19°47.8'N, 58°28.3'E. Current status: Synonym of Netuma bilineata (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (osakae) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 10 (no. 2); ref. 2486] Fish market, Osaka, Japan. Current status: Synonym of Netuma bilineata (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (rhodonotus) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Netuma bilineata (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Netuma proxima (Ogilby, 1898) - Arafura catfish [=Arius proximus Ogilby [J. D.], 1898:280, Arius arafurensis Hardenberg [J. D. F.], 1948:409] Notes: [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 23 (pt 3); ref. 3276] Port Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Valid as Netuma proxima (Ogilby, 1898). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Papua New Guinea and Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine. (arafurensis) [Treubia Buitenzorg v. 19 (pt 3); ref. 13056] Fish market, Dobo, Aru Islands, Indo-Australian Archipelago. Current status: Synonym of Netuma proxima (Ogilby, 1898). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Netuma thalassina (Ruppell, 1837) - giant catfish [=Bagrus thalassinus Rüppell [W. P. E. S.], 1837:75, Pl. 20 (fig. 2), Ariodes aeneus Sauvage [H.-E.], 1883:160 [17], Bagrus carchariorhynchos Bleeker [P.], 1846:291, Netuma thalassina jacksonensis Whitley [G. P.], 1941:12, Fig. 8 (nos. 1-2), Bagrus laevigatus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:439, Arius nasutus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:60, Bagrus netuma Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:438, Pl. 417, Sarcogenys rostratus Kuhl [H.] & van Hasselt [J. C.], in Bleeker, 1858:96, Arius serratus Day [F.], 1877:462, Pl. 105 (fig. 3)] Notes: [Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3844] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Current status: Valid as Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific; East Africa, south and southeast Asia to New Guinea and Australia: East Africa east to Philippines, north to southern China, south to Queensland (Australia) (mostly marine). Habitat: brackish, marine. (aeneus) [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 7; ref. 3897] Singapore ["Ile Rafflès"]. Current status: Synonym of Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (carchariorhynchos) [Natuur-en Geneeskundig Archief voor Neȇrlandsch Indië v. 3 (2); ref. 19349] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (jacksonensis) [Australian Zoologist v. 10 (pt 1); ref. 4701] Port Jackson, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (laevigatus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (nasutus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Java, Indonesia; Malabar, India; Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (netuma) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Puducherry, India. Current status: Synonym of Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (rostratus) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 4; ref. 365] Current status: Synonym of Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837). Ariidae: Ariinae. (serratus) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Sind, Pakistan. Current status: Synonym of Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

GENUS Notarius Gill, 1863 - sea catfishes [=Notarius Gill [T. N.], 1863:171, Sciadeops (subgenus of Sciades) Fowler [H. W.], 1944:211] Notes: [ref. 1681]. Masc. Arius grandicassis Valenciennes, 1840. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Hemiarius Bleeker, 1862 -- (Kailola 2004:136 [ref. 28108], Kottelat 2013:248 [ref 32989]). •Valid as Notarius Gill, 1863 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:452 [ref. 27061], Betancur-R. & Acero P. 2004:1 [ref. 28008], Betancur-R. & Acero P. 2006:47 [ref. 28736], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:81 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:49 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:644 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Notarius Gill, 1863. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Sciadeops) [ref. 1448]. Masc. Sciades troschelii Gill, 1863. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Sciadeops Fowler, 1944 -- (Castro-Aguirreet al. 1999:145 [ref. 24550]). •Should be considered a synonym of Noturius Gill, 1863 -- (Betancur-R. & Acero P. 2004:13 [ref. 28008]). •Synonym of Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849 – (Kailola 2004:143 [ref. 28108], Ferraris 2007:53 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Notarius Gill 1863 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:452 [ref. 27061], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:81 [ref. 29031], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Notarius Gill, 1863. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Notarius armbrusteri Betancur-R & Acero P., 2006 - Armbruster's sea catfish (author) [=Notarius armbrusteri Betancur-R. [R.] & Acero P. [A.], 2006:50, Figs. 1B, 2-3] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 1249; ref. 28736] Fish market at Buenaventurads, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Current status: Valid as Notarius armbrusteri Betancur-R. & Acero P., 2006. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Valle del Cauca, (Pacific) Colombia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Notarius biffi Betancur-R & Acero P., 2004 - Biff's sea catfish (author) [=Notarius biffi Betancur-R. [R.] & Acero P. [A.], 2004:3, Figs. 1-3] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 703; ref. 28008] High salanity esturay, Bahía La Uníon, El Salvador, 13°20'42"N, 87°49'07"W, depth 9 meters. Current status: Valid as Notarius biffi Betancur-R. & Acero P., 2004. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica and El Salvador. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Notarius bonillai (Miles, 1945) - New Grenada sea catfish [=Galeichthys bonillai Miles [C.], 1945:454, Figs. 4-4a] Notes: [Caldasia v. 3 (no. 15); ref. 2998] Puerto Berrío (Antioquia) over the Río Magdalena, Colombia, 6°30'N, 74°24'W. Current status: Valid as Notarius bonillai (Miles, 1945). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Caribbean draining rivers, including Magdalena River: Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Notarius cookei (Acero P. & Betancur-R, 2002) - Cooke's sea catfish (author) [=Arius cookei Acero P. [A.] & Betancur-R. [R.], 2002:134, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 26190] 7 kilometers from the mouth of Río Santa María, París, Herrera, Panama, 8°09'N, 80°33'W. Current status: Valid as Notarius cookei (Acero P. & Betancur-R., 2002). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific coastal rivers and estuaries from Costa Rica to Colombia: Colombia, Costa Rica and Panama. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Notarius grandicassis (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - Thomas sea catfish [=Arius grandicassis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:54, Pl. 427, Arius parmocassis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:57, Arius stricticassis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:58, Arius vandeli Puyo [J.], 1936:123, Figs. 21G, 22] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Guyana. Current status: Valid as Notarius grandicassis (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Rivers and estuaries from Gulf of Venezuela to mouth of Amazon River: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela. Habitat: brackish, marine. (parmocassis) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Bahia, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Notarius grandicassis (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (stricticassis) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Cayenne, French Guiana; Suriname. Current status: Synonym of Notarius grandicassis (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (vandeli) [Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse v. 70; ref. 15298] Cayenne River, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Notarius grandicassis (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Notarius insculptus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883) - Panamanian sculptured sea catfish (author) [=Arius insculptus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.], 1883:41, Arius elatturus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.], 1883:45, Netuma insularum Greene [F. H.], in Gilbert, 1897:439] Notes: [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 2 (for 1882); ref. 2475] Panama (Pacific). Current status: Valid as Notarius insculptus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific Panama. Habitat: brackish, marine. (elatturus) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 2 (for 1882); ref. 2475] Panama. Current status: Synonym of Notarius insculptus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (insularum) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1115); ref. 1629] Gulf of Panama [not Galápagos Islands]. Current status: Synonym of Notarius insculptus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. Species Notarius kessleri (Steindachner, 1876) - sculptured sea catfish [=Arius kessleri Steindachner [F.], 1876:574 [24], Pl. 5, Netuma hassleriana Borodin [N. A.], 1934:33, Fig. B] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 72 (1. Abth.); ref. 18772] Altata, (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Valid as Notarius kessleri (Steindachner, 1876). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific coast of Central America: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Mexico and Panama. Habitat: brackish, marine. (hassleriana) [Copeia 1934 (no. 1); ref. 16412] (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Synonym of Notarius kessleri (Steindachner, 1876). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Notarius lentiginosus (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888) - freckled sea catfish [=Tachisurus lentiginosus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1888:139, Galeichthys xenauchen Gilbert [C. H.], in Jordan & Evermann, 1898:2777] Notes: [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 1249] Panama (Pacific). Current status: Valid as Notarius lentiginosus (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific coast of Panama. Habitat: brackish, marine. (xenauchen) [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2445] Panama (Pacific). Current status: Synonym of Notarius lentiginosus (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Notarius neogranatensis (Acero P. & Betancur-R, 2002) - Caribbean sculptured sea catfish [=Arius neogranatensis Acero P. [A.] & Betancur-R. [R.], 2002:7, Figs. 1-2, 3 [part]] Notes: [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 26521] Mouth of Río Tinajonesmedio, San Antero, Córdoba, Colombia, 9°25'N, 75°48'W. Current status: Valid as Notarius neogranatensis (Acero P. & Betancur-R., 2002). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Caribbean coast of Colombia and nearby river mouths: Colombia. Habitat: brackish, marine. Species Notarius osculus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883) - Chomba sea catfish [=Arius osculus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.], 1883:46] Notes: [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 2 (for 1882); ref. 2475] Panama (Pacific). Current status: Valid as Notarius osculus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific coast of Costa Rica and Panama: Costa Rica and Panama. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Notarius parmocassis (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - Bahia sea catfish (author) [=Arius parmocassis Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:57] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Bahia, Brazil. Current status: Valid as Notarius parmocassis (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: East coast of Brazil. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Notarius planiceps (Steindachner, 1876) - flathead sea catfish [=Arius planiceps Steindachner [F.], 1876:576 [26], Pl. 4] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 72 (1. Abth.); ref. 18772] Altata, (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Valid as Notarius planiceps (Steindachner, 1876). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific drainage rivers and estuaries from Mexico to Panama: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Notarius troschelii (Gill, 1863) - Chili sea catfish [=Sciades troschelii Gill [T. N.], 1863:171, Arius brandtii Steindachner [F.], 1876:571 [21], Pl. 3, Bagrus temminckianus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:463] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 15; ref. 1681] Western coast of Central America. Current status: Valid as Notarius troschelii (Gill, 1863). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific coast of Central America from Mexico to Peru: Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama and Peru. Habitat: brackish, marine. (brandtii) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 72 (1. Abth.); ref. 18772] Altata, (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Synonym of Notarius troschelii (Gill, 1863). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (temminckianus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Originally as Cayenne, French Guiana [actual locality is Suriname, near Paramaribo]. Current status: Synonym of Notarius troschelii (Gill, 1863). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Occidentarius Betancur-R. & Acero P., in Betancur-R. et al., 2007 - sea catfishes [=Occidentarius Betancur-R. [R.] & Acero P. [A.] in Betancur-R., Acero P., Bermingham & Cooke, 2007:349] Notes: [ref. 29268]. Masc. Arius platypogon Günther, 1864. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Occidentarius Betancur-R. & Acero P., 2007:349 [ref. 29268] -- (Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:645 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Occidentarius Betancur-R. & Acero P., 2007. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Occidentarius platypogon (Günther, 1864) - cominate sea catfish [=Arius platypogon Günther [A.], 1864:147, Figs., Netuma mazatlana Gilbert [C. H.], 1904:255, Pl. 25] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] San José, Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Occidentarius platypogon (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific coasts of North, Central and South America from Mexico to Ecuador: Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama. Habitat: marine. (mazatlana) [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 3) v. 3 (no. 9); ref. 12422] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Current status: Synonym of Occidentarius platypogon (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. GENUS Osteogeneiosus Bleeker, 1846 - sea catfishes [=Osteogeneiosus Bleeker [P.], 1846:173] Notes: [ref. 5872]. Masc. Arius militaris Valenciennes, 1840 (= Silurus militaris Linnaeus, 1758). Type by subsequent designation. Also in Bleeker 1847:49 [ref. 313]. Type designated by Bleeker 1862:8 [ref. 393] and 1863:93 [ref. 401]. Osteogeniosus Günther, 1864:181 [ref. 1974] apparently is an unjustified emendation; spelled Ostogeneiosus by Jordan 1919:278 [ref. 2410]. See van Oijen et al. 2009:104 [ref. 30423]. •Valid as Osteogeneiosus Bleeker, 1846 -- (Jayaram & Dhanze 1979:48 [ref. 6800], Jayaram 1981:278 [ref. 6497] and Burgess 1989:167 [ref. 12860] as Ostogeniosus and type as macrocephalus Bleeker, Rahman 1989:229 [ref. 24860] as Osteogeniosus, Kottelat 1985:271 [ref. 11441], Kottelat 1989:15 [ref. 13605], Kailola 1999:1834 [ref. 24732], Ataur Rahman 2003:252 [ref. 31338], Kailola 2004:140 [ref. 28108], Jayaram 2006:327 [ref. 28762], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:85 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:51 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:639 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:250 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Osteogeneiosus Bleeker, 1846. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758) - soldier catfish [=Silurus militaris Linnaeus [C.], 1758:305, Osteogeneiosus blochii Bleeker [P.], 1846:51 [175], Osteogeneiosus cantoris Bleeker [P.], 1853:120, Pl. 2 (fig. 4), Osteogeneiosus gracilis Bleeker [P.], 1846:51 [175], Osteogeneiosus ingluvies Bleeker [P.], 1846:51 [174], Osteogeneiosus longiceps Bleeker [P.], 1846:50 [174], Osteogeneiosus macrocephalus Bleeker [P.], 1846:49 [173], Osteogeniosus sthenocephalus Day [F.], 1877:469, Pl. 108 (fig. 3), Osteogeneiosus valenciennesi Bleeker [P.], 1846:51 [175]] Notes: [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Asia. Current status: Valid as Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pakistan to southeastern Asia: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Singpore, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam. Habitat: brackish, marine. (blochii) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (cantoris) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 25 (art. 8); ref. 341] Hooghly River, Calcutta, India. Current status: Synonym of Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (gracilis) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (ingluvies) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (longiceps) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (macrocephalus) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (sthenocephalus) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Moulmein, Myanmar. Current status: Synonym of Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (valenciennesi) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Pachyula Ogilby, 1898 - sea catfishes [=Pachyula Ogilby [J. D.], 1898:33] Notes: [ref. 5861]. Fem. Hemipimelodus crassilabris Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Pachyula and Cinetodus were published in the same paper; first reviser selection of Cinetodus over Pachyula not discused by Ferraris 2007:42 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:447 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Cinetodus Ogilby, 1898 -- (Kailola 2004:133 [ref. 28108], Ferraris 2007:42 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Pachyula Ogilby, 1898 -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:88 [ref. 29031], Marceniuk et al. 2012:642 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Pachyula Ogilby, 1898. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Pachyula conorhynchus (Weber, 1913) - Lorentz River sea catfish (author) [=Tetranesodon conorhynchus Weber [M.], 1913:546, Fig. 24] Notes: [Süsswasserfische aus Niederländisch Süd- und Nord-Neu-Guinea v. 9 (livr. 4); ref. 4603] Lorentz River, Van Weelskamp, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Pachyula conorhynchus (Weber, 1913). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Fly and Lorentz River systems, New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Pachyula crassilabris (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886) - Strickland sea catfish (author) [=Hemipimelodus crassilabris Ramsay [E. P.] & Ogilby [J. D.], 1886:18] Notes: [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 14464] Strickland River, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Pachyula crassilabris (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Plicofollis Kailola, 2004 - sea catfishes [=Plicofollis Kailola [P. J.], 2004:141] Notes: [ref. 28108]. Arius argyropleuron Valenciennes, 1840. Type by original designation. Spelled Plicofolis in Zoological Record for 2005. •Valid as Plicofollis Kailola, 2004 -- (Hoese & Gates 2006:355 [ref. 28997], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:89 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:51 [ref. 29155], Kimura 2009:35 [ref. 30426], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:645 [ref. 32225], Kottelat 2013:250 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Plicofollis Kailola, 2004. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Plicofollis argyropleuron (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - longsnouted catfish [=Arius argyropleuron Valenciennes [A.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt), in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:104, Arius acutus Bleeker [P.], 1846:41 [167], Tachysurus broadbenti Ogilby [J. D.], 1908:8, Hemipimelodus colcloughi Ogilby [J. D.], 1910:7, Arius hamiltonis Bleeker [P.], 1846:291, Arius macrocephalus Bleeker [P.], 1846:40 [167], Arius schlegeli Bleeker [P.] 1863:146] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Plicofollis argyropleuron (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific/South and southeast Asia; southern New Guinea and northern Australia: Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand. Habitat: brackish, marine. (acutus) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis argyropleuron (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (broadbenti) [Annals of the Queensland Museum No. 9 (pt 1); ref. 3285] Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis argyropleuron (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (colcloughi) [Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland v. 23; ref. 3288] Crocker Island, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis argyropleuron (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (hamiltonis) [Natuur-en Geneeskundig Archief voor Neȇrlandsch Indië v. 3 (2); ref. 19349] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis argyropleuron (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (macrocephalus) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis argyropleuron (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (schlegeli) [Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde v. 1; ref. 396] Amoy, China. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis argyropleuron (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Southeastern China. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Plicofollis dussumieri (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - blacktip sea catfish [=Arius dussumieri Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:84, Arius belangerii Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:71, Arius goniaspis Bleeker [P.], 1857:44, Arius kirkii Günther [A.], 1864:163, Fig.] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Malabar, India. Current status: Valid as Plicofollis dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific/ eastern Africa and south and southeastern Asia: Bangladesh, Etheopia, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Thailand. Habitat: brackish, marine. (belangerii) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Mumbai, India. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. (goniaspis) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 3; ref. 359] Priaman, western Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater. (kirkii) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Shupanga, Zambezi River. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Plicofollis layardi (Gunther, 1866) - Layard's sea catfish (author) [=Arius layardi Günther [A.], 1866:474 [2], Pl. 15, Arius satparanus Chaudhuri [B. L.], 1916:430, Figs. 6-8, Arius tenuispinis Day [F.], 1877:466, Pl. 107 (fig. 5)] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 3) v. 18 (no. 108); ref. 18186] Sri Lanka. Current status: Valid as Plicofollis layardi (Günther, 1866). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Sri Lanka [if valid]. Habitat: brackish, marine. (satparanus) [Memoirs of the Indian Museum v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 15053] Channel between Satpara and Barnikuda, Chilka Lake, Orissa, India. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis layardi (Günther, 1866). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (tenuispinis) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Mumbai, India. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis layardi (Günther, 1866). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa and south and southeast Asia: India, Malaysia and Pakistan (if valid). Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Plicofollis magatensis (Herre, 1926) - Magat sea catfish (author) [=Arius magatensis Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1926:396, Pl. 1 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Philippine Journal of Science v. 31 (no. 3); ref. 10951] Magat River, at Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya, Luzon Island, Philippines. Current status: Valid as Plicofollis magatensis (Herre, 1926). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Plicofollis nella (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - smooth-headed catfish [=Pimelodus nella Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:162, Arius leiotetocephalus Bleeker [P.], 1846:292, Bagrus (Ariodes) meyenii Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.], 1849:9] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Vizagapatam, India. Current status: Valid as Plicofollis nella (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific/south and southeast Asia, New Guinea and northern Australia: east coast of India east to Philippines, south to Queensland (Australia). Habitat: brackish, marine. (leiotetocephalus) [Natuur-en Geneeskundig Archief voor Neȇrlandsch Indië v. 3 (2); ref. 19349] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis nella (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (meyenii) [Horae Ichthyologicae No. 3; ref. 3073] Locality unknown. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis nella (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Plicofollis platystomus (Day, 1877) - flatmouth sea catfish [=Arius platystomus Day [F.], 1877:464, Pl. 107 (fig. 3)] Notes: [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Canara, India. Current status: Valid as Plicofollis platystomus (Day, 1877). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Plicofollis polystaphylodon (Bleeker, 1846) - Mozambique sea catfish [=Arius polystaphylodon Bleeker [P.], 1846:46 [172]] Notes: [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Plicofollis polystaphylodon (Bleeker, 1846). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific/south and southeast Asia and southern New Guinea: Indonesia, Malagasy Republic, Papua New Guinea and Singapore. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Plicofollis tonggol (Bleeker, 1846) - roughback sea catfish [=Arius tonggol Bleeker [P.], 1846:292, Arius crossocheilos Bleeker [P.], 1846:46 [172]] Notes: [Natuur-en Geneeskundig Archief voor Neȇrlandsch Indië v. 3 (2); ref. 19349] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Plicofollis tonggol (Bleeker, 1846). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore. Habitat: marine. (crossocheilos) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Plicofollis tonggol (Bleeker, 1846). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Potamarius Hubbs & Miller, 1960 - sea catfishes [=Potamarius Hubbs [C. L.] & Miller [R. R.], 1960:101] Notes: [ref. 2259]. Masc. Conorhynchos nelsoni Evermann & Goldsborough, 1902. Type by original designation. •Valid as Potamarius Hubbs & Miller, 1960 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:157 [ref. 24550], Acero P. 2003:835 [ref. 26998], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:452 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:142 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:96 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:53 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:348 [ref. 29268], Betancur-R. & Willink 2007:818 [29439], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:645 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Potamarius Hubbs & Miller, 1960. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Potamarius grandoculis (Steindachner, 1877) - Doce sea catfish (author) [=Arius grandoculis Steindachner [F.], 1877:644 [86], Pl. 11] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4224] Rio Doce, southeastern Brazil. Current status: Valid as Potamarius grandoculis (Steindachner, 1877). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Doce and Paraíba do Sul rivers, at or near river mouths, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Potamarius izabalensis Hubbs & Miller, 1960 - Izabal sea catfish (author) [=Potamarius izabalensis Hubbs [C. L.] & Miller [R. R.], 1960:104, Figs. 1-4, 6] Notes: [Copeia 1960 (no. 2); ref. 2259] Lago de Izabal [Yzabal], 1 mile west of El Paraíso, Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Potamarius izabalensis Hubbs & Miller, 1960. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Lake Izabal basin and possibly Polochic River, Guatemala. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Potamarius nelsoni (Evermann & Goldsborough, 1902) - Lacandon sea catfish [=Conorhynchos nelsoni Evermann [B. W.] & Goldsborough [E. L.], 1902:140, Fig. 1] Notes: [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 21 [1901]; ref. 14875] Río Usumacinta, Montecristo, Yucatán, Mexico. Current status: Valid as Potamarius nelsoni (Evermann & Goldsborough, 1902). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Usumacinta River basin, Mexico and Guatemala. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Potamarius usumacintae Betancur-R & Willink, 2007 - Usumacinta sea catfish [=Potamarius usumacintae Betancur-R. [R.] & Willink [P. W.], 2007:820, Fig. 2 (A-C), 3, 5A] Notes: [Copeia 2007 (no. 4); ref. 29439] Petén, Río San Pedro at junction with spring-fed lagoon at El Paso de Caballo, Río Usumacinta basin, Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Potamarius usumacintae Betancur-R. & Willink, 2007. Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Río Usumacinta basin, Guatemala and Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Potamosilurus Marceniuk & Menezes, 2007 - sea catfishes [=Potamosilurus Marceniuk [A. P.] & Menezes [N. A.], 2007:100] Notes: [ref. 29031]. Masc. Hemipimelodus macrorhynchus Weber, 1913. Type by original designation. •Valid as Potamosilurus Marceniuk & Menezes, 2007 -- (Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:646 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Potamosilurus Marceniuk & Menezes, 2007. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Potamosilurus latirostris (Macleay, 1883) - sharp-nose catfish [=Arius latirostris Macleay [W.], 1883:277, Fig., Arius acrocephalus Weber [M.] 1913:543, Figs. 20-21, Arius digulensis Hardenberg [J. D. F.], 1936:369] Notes: [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 8 (pt 2); ref. 17587] Goldie River, Papua New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Potamosilurus latirostris (Macleay, 1883). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). Habitat: freshwater. (acrocephalus) [Süsswasserfische aus Niederländisch Süd- und Nord-Neu-Guinea v. 9 (livr. 4); ref. 4603] Bibis River, Regen Island, Alkmaar and Lorentz rivers, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Potamosilurus latirostris (Macleay, 1883). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater. (digulensis) [Treubia Buitenzorg v. 15 (pt 4); ref. 13699] Middle course of Digul River, southern New Guinea. Current status: Synonym of Potamosilurus latirostris (Macleay, 1883). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Potamosilurus macrorhynchus (Weber, 1913) - Lorentz sea catfish (author) [=Hemipimelodus macrorhynchus Weber [M.], 1913:549, Fig. 27, Hemipimelodus aaldereni Hardenberg [J. D. F.], 1936:367] Notes: [Süsswasserfische aus Niederländisch Süd- und Nord-Neu-Guinea v. 9 (livr. 4); ref. 4603] Lorentz River, van Weelskamp, Bivak River and Alkmaar, New Guinea. Current status: Valid as Potamosilurus macrorhynchus (Weber, 1913). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). Habitat: freshwater. (aaldereni) [Treubia Buitenzorg v. 15 (pt 4); ref. 13699] Middle course of Digul River, southern New Guinea. Current status: Synonym of Potamosilurus macrorhynchus (Weber, 1913). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Potamosilurus velutinus (Weber, 1907) - Sentani sea catfish (author) [=Hemipimelodus velutinus Weber [M.], 1907:225, Hemipimelodus papillifer Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1935:390] Notes: [Süsswasserfische von Neu-Guinea v. 5 (Zool.) pt 2; ref. 4599] Lake Sentani and mouth of Tami and Tawarin rivers, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Potamosilurus velutinus (Weber, 1907). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya. Habitat: freshwater. (papillifer) [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 18 (no. 12); ref. 2109] Sepic River at Timbunke, New Guinea. Current status: Synonym of Potamosilurus velutinus (Weber, 1907). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Sciades Muller & Troschel, 1849 - sea catfishes [=Sciades (subgenus of Bagrus) Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.], 1849:6, Leptarius Gill [T. N.], 1863:170, Sciadeichthys Bleeker [P.], 1858:62, 66, Selenaspis Bleeker [P.], 1858:62, 66] Notes: [ref. 3073]. Masc. Bagrus (Sciades) emphysetus Müller & Troschel, 1849. Type by subsequent designation. Type apparently designated first by Bleeker 1862:8 [ref. 393], not Bagrus pictus designated by Eigenmann 1910:390 [ref. 1224]. Unfortunately, Bleeker 1858:62, 66 used Sciades for B. pictus, but his 1858 treatment does not constitute type designation for Sciades. Therefore, Sciades should be treated in the Ariidae, and as a senior synonym of Sciadeichthys. Treated by authors as masculine. •Questionably a synonym of Hexanematichthys Bleeker, 1858 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:451 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:144 [ref. 24550], Kailola 2004:143 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:102 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:53 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:347 [ref. 29268], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:646 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Leptarius) [ref. 1681]. Masc. Leptarius dowii Gill, 1863. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Hexanematichthys Bleeker, 1858 – (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:451 [ref. Müller & Troschel 27061]). •Synonym of Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849 -- (Kailola 2004:143 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:103 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:53 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:347 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Sciadeichthys) [ref. 365]. Masc. Bagrus (Sciades) emphysetus Müller & Troschel, 1849. Type by monotypy. Type not pictus as designated by Bleeker 1863:10 [ref. 393]. •Questionably a synonym of Hexanematichthys Bleeker, 1858 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:451 [ref. 27061]). •Objective synonym of Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:142 [ref. 24550], Kailola 2004:143 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:103 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:53 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:347 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849. Ariidae: Ariinae. (Selenaspis) [ref. 365]. Fem. Silurus herzbergii Bloch, 1794. Type by subsequent designation. Six included species, three with question; earliest type designation found is Jordan & Evermann 1896:119 [ref. 2443]. •Synonym of Arius Valenciennes, 1840 -- (authors). •Valid as Selenaspis Bleeker, 1858 -- (Acero P. 2003:833 [ref. 26998]). •Synonym of Hexanematichthys Bleeker, 1858 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:451 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Sciades Müller & Troschel 1849 -- (Kailola 2004:143 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:103 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:53 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:347 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849. Ariidae: Ariinae.

Species Sciades assimilis (Gunther, 1864) - Izabal sciades (author) [=Arius assimilis Günther [A.], 1864:146] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Lake Izabal [Yzabal], Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Sciades assimilis (Günther, 1864). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Western Gulf of Mexico to northwestern Honduras: Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Sciades couma (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - Couma sea catfish [=Bagrus couma Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:459, Sciadeichthys (Selenaspis) walrechti Boeseman [M.], 1954:60, Pl. 3] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Cayenne, French Guiana. Current status: Valid as Sciades couma (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Gulf of Paria to mouth of Amazon River: Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela (predominately in brackish water). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (walrechti) [Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden) v. 33 (no. 9); ref. 12263] Suriname. Current status: Synonym of Sciades couma (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Sciades dowii (Gill, 1863) - brown sea catfish [=Leptarius dowii Gill [T. N.], 1863:171, Arius alatus Steindachner [F.], 1876:569 [19], Pl. 6] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 15; ref. 1681] Western coast of Central America. Current status: Valid as Sciades dowii (Gill, 1863). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Pacific Panama to Ecuador: Colombia, Ecuador and Panama. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (alatus) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 72 (1. Abth.); ref. 18772] Panama. Current status: Synonym of Sciades dowii (Gill, 1863). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

Species Sciades herzbergii (Bloch, 1794) - Pemecou sea catfish [=Silurus herzbergii Bloch [M. E.], 1794:33, Pl. 367, Pimelodus argenteus Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1803:94, 102, Bagrus coelestinus Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.], 1849:7, Netuma dubia Bleeker [P.], 1862:382 [12], Hexanematichthys hymenorrhinos Bleeker [P.], 1862:377 [7], Bagrus mesops Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:456, Bagrus pemecus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:456] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 8; ref. 463] Suriname. Current status: Valid as Sciades herzbergii (Bloch, 1794). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Caribbean and Atlantic draining rivers and estuaries from Colombia to Brazil: Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela. Habitat: brackish, marine. (argenteus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 5; ref. 4930] Suriname. Current status: Synonym of Sciades herzbergii (Bloch, 1794). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (coelestinus) [Horae Ichthyologicae No. 3; ref. 3073] Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Sciades herzbergii (Bloch, 1794). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (dubia) [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeling Natuurkunde. v. 14; ref. 390] Suriname. Current status: Synonym of Sciades herzbergii (Bloch, 1794). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (hymenorrhinos) [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeling Natuurkunde. v. 14; ref. 390] Perhaps Suriname. Current status: Synonym of Sciades herzbergii (Bloch, 1794). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (mesops) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Puerto Rico [not stated]. Current status: Synonym of Sciades herzbergii (Bloch, 1794). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (pemecus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Cayenne, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Sciades herzbergii (Bloch, 1794). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Sciades parkeri (Traill, 1832) - gillbacker sea catfish [=Silurus parkeri Traill [T. S.], 1832:380, Pl. 6 (fig. 1), Arius bonneti Puyo [J.], 1936:107, Fig. 17B, Arius clavispinosus Puyo [J.], 1936:103, Fig. 16A, Arius despaxi Puyo [J.], 1936:110, Fig. 17D, Bagrus (Sciades) emphysetus Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.], 1849:8, Bagrus flavescens Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:462, Arius physacanthus Vaillant [L. L.], 1899:155 [2]] Notes: [Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society, Edinburgh v. 6 (art. 14); ref. 17927] Guiana [as British Guiana]. Current status: Valid as Sciades parkeri (Traill, 1832). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Atlantic draining Coastal rivers from Guyana to northern Brazil: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. Habitat: brackish, marine. (bonneti) [Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse v. 70; ref. 15298] Cayenne River, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Sciades parkeri (Traill, 1832). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (clavispinosus) [Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse v. 70; ref. 15298] Cayenne River, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Sciades parkeri (Traill, 1832). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (despaxi) [Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse v. 70; ref. 15298] Cayenne River, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Sciades parkeri (Traill, 1832). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (emphysetus) [Horae Ichthyologicae No. 3; ref. 3073] Suriname. Current status: Synonym of Sciades parkeri (Traill, 1832). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish. (flavescens) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Cayenne, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Sciades parkeri (Traill, 1832). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (physacanthus) [Bulletin, Sea v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 14710] Mahury River, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Sciades parkeri (Traill, 1832). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Sciades passany (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - Passany sea catfish [=Bagrus passany Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:458] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] French Guiana. Current status: Valid as Sciades passany (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Northern South America from Guyana to mouth of the Amazon River: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Sciades proops (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) - crucifix sea catfish [=Bagrus proops Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:457, Bagrus albicans Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:461, Pl. 420] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Guianas; Puerto Rico. Current status: Valid as Sciades proops (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Caribbean Sea and northern coast of South America, Colombia to Brazil: Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Puerto Rico, Suriname and Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (albicans) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Cayenne, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Sciades proops (Valenciennes, 1840). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

****************************************************************************************************************************** SUBFAMILY Bagreinae Schultz, 1944 - sea catfishes [=Bagriedae] Notes: Bagreidae Schultz, 1944a:182 [ref. 3959] (family) Bagre

GENUS Bagre Cloquet, 1816 - sea catfishes [=Bagre Cloquet [H.], 1816:52, Ailurichthys Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.], 1854:26, Anemanotus (subgenus of Ailurichthys) Fowler [H. W.], 1944:171, Bagre Oken [L.], 1817:1183, Breviceps Swainson [W.], 1838:328, 343, Felichthys Swainson [W.], 1839:305, Glanis Agassiz [L.], in Spix & Agassiz, 1829:46, Mystus Gray [J. E.], 1854:155, Stearopterus Minding [J.], 1832:116] Notes: [ref. 852]. Masc. Silurus bagre Linnaeus, 1766. Type by absolute tautonymy. Based on "Les Bagres" Cuvier 1816:204 [ref. 993]. Predates Bagre Oken, 1817. On Official List (Opinion 1402). •Valid as Bagre Cloquet, 1816 -- (Burgess 1989:167 [ref. 12860], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:141 [ref. 24550], Acero P. 2003:833 [ref. 26998], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:448 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:128 [ref. 28108], Acero P. et al. 2005:127 [ref. 28551], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:24 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:37 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268], Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:637 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Bagre Cloquet, 1816. Ariidae: Bagreinae. (Ailurichthys) [ref. 168]. Masc. Silurus marinus Mitchill, 1815. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Jordan & Evermann 1896:116 [ref. 2443] Spelled Aelurichthys by Gill, 1863:172 [ref. 1681]. •Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816 -- (Robins et al. 1980:28 [ref. 7111] based on placement of type species, Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:142 [ref. 24550], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:448 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:129 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:24 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:37 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816. Ariidae: Bagreinae. (Anemanotus) [ref. 1448]. Masc. Aelurichthys panamensis Gill, 1863. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Original genus of type species should have been Ailurichthys. •Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:448 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:129 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:24 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:37 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816. Ariidae: Bagreinae. (Bagre) [ref. 3303]. Silurus bagre Linnaeus, 1766. Type by absolute tautonymy. •Objective synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:141 [ref. 24550], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:24 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:37 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816. Ariidae: Bagreinae. (Breviceps) [ref. 4302]. Neut. Silurus bagre of Bloch 1794 (= Silurus bagre Linnaeus, 1766). Type by monotypy (p. 343). Type not Silurus nodosus Bleeker as designated by Swain 1882:281 [ref. 5966]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Breviceps Merrem, 1820 in herpetology; replaced by Felichthys Swainson, 1839. •Synonymy of Bagre Cloquet, 1816 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:141 [ref. 24550], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:448 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:129 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:24 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:37 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816. Ariidae: Bagreinae. (Felichthys) [ref. 4303]. Masc. Silurus bagre of Bloch, 1794 (= Silurus bagre Linnaeus 1766). Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Breviceps Swainson, 1838, preoccupied by Breviceps Merrem, 1820 in herpetology. •Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:142 [ref. 24550], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:448 [ref. 27061], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:24 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:37 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1916. Ariidae: Bagreinae. (Glanis) [ref. 13]. Masc. Silurus bagre Linnaeus, 1766. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Kottelat 1988; see Kottelat 1988:78 [ref. 13380] for authorship and date. •Objective synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:448 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:128 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:24 [ref. 29031] with authors as Spix & Agassiz, Ferraris 2007:37 [ref. 29155] with authors as Spix & Agassiz, Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816. Ariidae: Bagreinae. (Mystus) [ref. 1911]. Masc. Mystus carolinensis Gronow, 1854. Type by subsequent designation. Gray and not Gronow is apparently responsible for this description (see p. vi in Preface). Type designated by Jordan & Evermann 1896:116 [ref. 2443]. •Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:448 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:129 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:24 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:37 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268], Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:233 [ref. 29985]). Current status: Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816. Ariidae: Bagreinae. (Stearopterus) [ref. 3022]. Masc. Stearopterus bagre Minding, 1832. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816 – (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:448 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:128 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:24 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:37 [ref. 29155], Betancur-R. et al. 2007:349 [ref. 29268]). Current status: Synonym of Bagre Cloquet, 1816. Ariidae: Bagreinae.

Species Bagre bagre (Linnaeus, 1766) - Coco sea catfish [=Silurus bagre Linnaeus [C.], 1766:505, Mystus carolinensis Gronow [L. T.], in Gray, 1854:156, Felichthys filamentosus Swainson [W.], 1839:392, Galeichthys gronovii Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:40, Bagrus macronemus Ranzani [C.], 1841:65] Notes: [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] In America meridionali (Central America, probably erroneous); Brazil. Current status: Valid as Bagre bagre (Linnaeus, 1766). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Distribution: Coastal rivers of Caribbean and Atlantic: Colombia to Amazon River mouth: Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana and Venezuela. Habitat: brackish, marine. (carolinensis) [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Tropical America. Current status: Synonym of Bagre bagre (Linnaeus, 1766). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (filamentosus) [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Estuaries and rivers near Pernambuco, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Bagre bagre (Linnaeus, 1766). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: marine. (gronovii) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Terre-Ferme ou de la Guyane, Maracaibo; Mana River Cayenne; Bahia. Current status: Synonym of Bagre bagre (Linnaeus, 1766). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (macronemus) [Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali e rendiconto dei lavori dell'Accademia della Scienze dell'Instituto di Bologna con appendice agraria. Bologna Anno III, Tomo V; ref. 24074] Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Bagre bagre (Linnaeus, 1766). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Bagre marinus (Mitchill, 1815) - gafftopsail catfish [=Silurus marinus Mitchill [S. L.], 1815:433, Galeichthys bahiensis Castelnau [F. L.], 1855:37, Pl. 18 (fig. 1), Galeichthys blochii Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:44, Aelurichthys longispinis Günther [A.], 1864:178, Galeichthys parrae Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:33] Notes: [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. Current status: Valid as Bagre marinus (Mitchill, 1815). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic from northern U.S.A. to southern Brazil: Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, French Guyana, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Suriname, U.S.A., and Venezuela. Habitat: brackish, marine. (bahiensis) [Animaux nouveaux or rares v. 2; ref. 766] Bahia, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Bagre marinus (Mitchill, 1815). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (blochii) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Suriname; Bahia, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Bagre marinus (Mitchill, 1815). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (longispinis) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] South America and Mexico. Current status: Synonym of Bagre marinus (Mitchill, 1815). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (parrae) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] New York, New Orleans, and Charlestown, U.S.A.; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Bagre marinus (Mitchill, 1815). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Bagre panamensis (Gill, 1863) - chihuil [=Aelurichthys panamensis Gill [T. N.], 1863:172, Aelurichthys isthmensis Regan [C. T.], 1907:117, Pl. 15 (fig. 1), 19 (fig. 1), Aelurichthys nuchalis Günther [A.], 1864:179, Fig., Aelurichthys scutatus Regan [C. T.], 1907:116, Pl. 15 (fig. 2), 19 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 15; ref. 1681] Western coast of Central America. Current status: Valid as Bagre panamensis (Gill, 1863). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Distribution: Central America and northern South America (Pacific): Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru and U.S.A. Habitat: brackish, marine. (isthmensis) [Biologia Centrali-Americana Part 215; ref. 3629] Colón, (Atlantic) Panama. Current status: Synonym of Bagre panamensis (Gill, 1863). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (nuchalis) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Pacific coast of Panama. Current status: Synonym of Bagre panamensis (Gill, 1863). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (scutatus) [Biologia Centrali-Americana Part 215; ref. 3629] Panama or Ecuador. Current status: Synonym of Bagre panamensis (Gill, 1863). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Bagre pinnimaculatus (Steindachner, 1876) - Red Sea catfish [=Aelurichthys pinnimaculatus Steindachner [F.], 1876:565 [15], Pl. 8, Galeichthys eydouxii Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:43] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 72 (1. Abth.); ref. 18772] Panama; Altata, Panama; western coast of Costa Rica. Current status: Valid as Bagre pinnimaculatus (Steindachner, 1876). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Distribution: North, Central and South America; Pacific draining rivers from Gulf of California to Ecuador: Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guaetemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama. Habitat: brackish, marine. (eydouxii) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] River of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Current status: Synonym of Bagre pinnimaculatus (Steindachner, 1876). Ariidae: Bagreinae. Habitat: brackish, marine

****************************************************************************************************************************** SUBFAMILY Galeichthyinae Acero & Betancur-R., 2007 - sea catfishes Notes: Galeichthyinae Acero & Betancur-R., 2007:139 [ref. 29200] (subfamily) Galeichthys

GENUS Galeichthys Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840 - sea catfishes [=Galeichthys Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:28] Notes: [ref. 1008]. Masc. Galeichthys feliceps Valenciennes, 1840. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Bleeker 1862:7 [ref. 393] and 1863:90 [ref. 401]. •Valid as Galeichthys Valenciennes, 1840 -- (Taylor 1986:212 [ref. 6282], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:145 [ref. 24550], Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:450 [ref. 27061], Kailola 2004:135 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:60 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:43 [ref. 29155], Acero-P. and Betancur-R. 2007:139 [ref. 29200] in new subfamily Galeichthyinae, Kulongowski 2010:9 [ref. 30940] in Galeichthyinae, Marceniuk & Birindelli 2010:61 [ref. 30960], Marceniuk et al. 2012:636 [ref. 32225]). Current status: Valid as Galeichthys Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Galeichthyinae.

Species Galeichthys ater Castelnau, 1861 - Black Sea catfish [=Galeichthys ater Castelnau [F. L.], 1861:62] Notes: [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Table Bay, Cape Town, South Africa. Current status: Valid as Galeichthys ater Castelnau, 1861. Ariidae: Galeichthyinae. Distribution: South Africa: Atlantic and Indian Ocean localities. Habitat: marine.

Species Galeichthys feliceps Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840 - white barbel [=Galeichthys feliceps Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:29, Pl. 424, Gleichthys capensis Smith [A.], 1840:no pagination, Pl. 8, Pimelodes fossor Lichtenstein [M. H. C.], 1823:112, Galeichthys ocellatus Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.], 1916:60, Fig., Pimelodus peronii Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840:161] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Vicinity of Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Current status: Valid as Galeichthys feliceps Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Galeichthyinae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic and southwestern Indian Ocean off southern Africa: Namibia to about East London, South Africa. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (capensis) [Illustrations of the zoology of South Africa v. 4; ref. 4035] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Current status: Synonym of Galeichthys feliceps Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Galeichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (fossor) [Verzeichniss der Doubletten des zoologischen Museums der Königl. Universität zu Berlin, nebst Beschreibung...; ref. 17525] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Current status: Synonym of Galeichthys feliceps Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Galeichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (ocellatus) [Marine Biological Report South Africa 1914-1918 (pt 3); ref. 5602] Zwartkops River, Algoa Bay, South Africa. Current status: Synonym of Galeichthys feliceps Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Galeichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (peronii) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Galeichthys feliceps Valenciennes, 1840. Ariidae: Galeichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Galeichthys peruvianus Lütken, 1874 - Peruvian sea catfish [=Galeichthys peruvianus Lütken [C. F.], 1874:205 [16]] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjøbenhavn, Aaret 1874 (nos 12-16); ref. 17564] Callao, Peru. Current status: Valid as Galeichthys peruvianus Lütken, 1874. Ariidae: Galeichthyinae. Distribution: Pacific coast of northern South America: Ecuador to Peru. Habitat: marine.

Species Galeichthys troworum Kulongowski, 2010 - Coffee Bay sea catfish (author) [=Galeichthys troworum Kulongowski [C.], 2010:14, Figs. 4, 5 6G, 7] Notes: [Smithiana, Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity, Bulletin No. 12; ref. 30940] Coffee Bay, 31°59'14"S, 29°09'14"E, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, Indian Ocean, depth 31 meters Current status: Valid as Galeichthys troworum Kulongowski, 2010. Ariidae: Galeichthyinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: marine ************************************************************************ Unavailable names, uncertain taxa

(genera)

Glanide Agassiz [L.] in Spix & Agassiz 1829:10 [ref. 13]. Not available, not latinized. Ariidae: Ariinae.

(species) surinamensis, Hexanematichthys Bleeker [P.] 1862:380 [10] [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeling Natuurkunde. v. 14; ref. 390] Suriname. Holotype (unique): RMNH 3055. Type catalog: Boeseman 1972:310 [ref. 19698], Ferraris 2007:33 [ref. 29155]. On p. 10 of separate. •Species inquirenda in Hexanematichthys Bleeker 1858 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:452 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Ariopsis surinamensis (Bleeker 1862) -- (Kailola 2004:126 [ref. 28108]). •Species inquirenda in Sciades -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:111 [ref. 29031]). •Species inquirenda in Ariopsis -- (Ferraris 2007:33 [ref. 29155]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish. argenteus, Arius Lütken [C. F.] (ex Krøyer) 1874:211 [22] [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjøbenhavn, Aaret 1874 (nos 12- 16); ref. 17564] Canton, China. Holotype: ZMUC P 29624 [ex 485]. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:49 [ref. 9588], Ferraris 2007:56 [ref. 29155]. On p. 22 of separate. •Species inquirenda -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:20 [ref. 29031]). •Species inquirenda in Ariidae -- (Ferraris 2007:56 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:245 [ref. 32989]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. heckelii, Arius Bleeker [P.] 1846:42 [169] [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 29155]. Also in Bleeker 1846:42 [ref. 313]. See Kailola 1999:1854 [ref. 24732]. •Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg 1792) -- (Kailola 2004:127 [ref. 28108], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:18 [ref. 29031], Kottelat 2013:246 [ref. 32989]). •Species inquirenda in Ariidae -- (Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Uncertain as Arius maculatus (Thunberg 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. labiatus, Arius Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:6 [Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Università di Torino v. 13 (no. 329); ref. 14677] Río Peripa, Ecuador. Holotype (unique): MZUT 1540. Type catalog: Tortonese 1940:136 [ref. 21559]. •Status uncertain -- (Kailola & Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:866 [ref. 22829]). •Species inquirenda in Arridae -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:453 [ref. 27061]). •Apparently a species of Potamarius Hubbs & Miller -- (Betancur-R. & Acero P. 2004:13 [ref. 28008]). •Species inquirenda in Potamarius -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:98 [ref. 29031]). Current status: Uncertain as Potamarius labiatus (Boulenger 1898). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Peripa River, Ecuador [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater. molliceps, Arius Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:108 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] No locality. Holotype (unique): MNHN. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 29155]. •Species inquirenda in Arridae -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:453 [ref. 27061], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:111 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 29155]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. nasutum, Catastoma Kuhl [H.] & van Hasselt [J. C.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:60 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Not available, name mentioned in passing in account of Arius nasutus Valenciennes; from Java, Indonesia. Ariidae: Ariinae. puncticulatus, Arius Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:108 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Buenos Aires, Argentina. Holotype (unique): MNHN. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:41 [ref. 29155]. •Species inquirenda in Cathorops Jordan & Gilbert 1883 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:450 [ref. 27061], Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:46 [ref. 29031], Ferraris 2007:41 [ref. 29155], Marceniuk et al. 2012:91 [ref. 31865]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Argentina. Habitat: marine. rostratus, Arius Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:63 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Alleppey [now Alappuzha], southeastern India. Types may be at MNHN. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 29155]. •Species inquirenda in Ariidae -- (Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 29155]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. sinensis, Arius Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:72 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Da Nang, Vietnam, South China Sea, western Pacific. Holotype: MNHN. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 22155]. •Synonym of Arius maculatus (Thunberg 1792) -- (Kailola 2004:127 [ref. 28108], Kottelat 2013:246 [ref. 32989]). •Species inquirenda in Ariidae -- (Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Uncertain as Arius maculatus (Thunberg 1792). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. valenciennesii, Arius Günther [A.] 1864:150 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Castelnau's Bagrus valenciennei questionably included in synonymy, but Günther credited name to Castelnau in index -- apparently not intended as an original description. Ariidae: Ariinae. intermedius, Hemipimelodus Vinciguerra [D.] 1881:178, Figured [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova v. 16; ref. 14291] Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo. Syntypes: MSNG 14529 (2) Sarawak. Type catalog: Tortonese 1963:308 [ref. 10351], Desoutter 1977 [ref. 20628], Ferraris 2007:42 [ref. 29155].. •Valid as Hemipimelodus intermedius Vinciguerra 1881 -- (Desoutter 1977:11 [ref. 20628], Burgess 1989:167 [ref. 12860], Rainboth 1996:167 [ref. 22772]). •Valid as Arius (?) intermedius (Vinciguerra 1881) -- (Kailola 1999:1837 [ref. 24732]). •Valid as Arius intermedius (Vinciguerra 1881) -- (Kailola in Randall & Lim 2000:589 [ref. 25122], Ng 2003:2 [ref. 27208]). •Possible synonym of Cephalocassis borneensis (Bleeker 1851) -- (Kailola 2004:133 [ref. 28108]). •Questionably a synonym of Cephalocassis borneensis (Bleeker 1851) -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:49 [ref. 29031], Kottelat 2013:247 [ref. 32989]). •Species inquirenda in Cephalocassis -- (Ferraris 2007:42 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Uncertain as Cephalocassis borneensis (Bleeker 1851). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Borneo, Malaysia [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater. sundanensis, Hemipimelodus Hardenberg [J. D. F.] 1948:411 [Treubia, Buitenzorg v. 19 (pt 3); ref. 13056] Kota Agung, Sunda Strait, Sumatra, Indonesia. Syntypes: (2) whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:56 [ref. 29155]. •Species inquirenda in Cephalocassis -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:50 [ref. 29031], Kottelat 2013:247 [ref. 32989]). •Species inquirenda in Ariidae -- (Ferraris 2007:56 [ref. 29155]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: freshwater. utik, Cephalocassis Bleeker [P.] 1858:no page number [Atlas ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Néêrlandaises, ... Tome III.; ref. 30424] •Not available, name and description appeared in van Oijen et al. 2009:100 [ref. 30423] as a translation of Bleeker 1858 [ref. 30424] -- a work that was never published. Not intended as new by van Oijen et al. 2009. Ariidae: Ariinae. leptocassis, Hexanematichthys Bleeker [P.] 1861:65 [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeling Natuurkunde. v. 12; ref. 12601] Penang, Malaysia. Syntypes: Unknown. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:45 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Sciades sona (Hamilton 1822) -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:110 [ref. 29031]). •Species inquirenda in Hemiarius -- (Ferraris 2007:45 [ref. 29155]). •Possible synonym of Hemiarius sona (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kailola 2004:137 [ref. 28108], Kottelat 2013:248 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Uncertain as Hemiarius sona (Hamilton 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. henni, Hexanematichthys Fisher [H. G.] & Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann 1922:30, Fig. 9 [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 9 (no. 1); ref. 1243] Río Daule, Colimes, western Ecuador. Holotype: CAS 60620 [ex IU 15045]. Paratypes: CAS 60621 [ex IU 15045] (2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:56 [ref. 29155]. Authorship as suggested by Ferraris 2007:56 [ref. 29155] based on footnote in original on p. 27. •Status uncertain -- (Burgess 1989:168 [ref. 12860], Kailola & Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:866 [ref. 22829]). •Valid as Hexanematichthys henni Eigenmann 1922 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:13 [ref. 9708]). •Species inquirenda in Arridae -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:453 [ref. 27061]). •Apparently a species of Potamarius Hubbs & Miller -- (Betancur-R. & Acero P. 2004:13 [ref. 28008], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:398 [ref. 34894]). •Species inquirenda in Potamarius -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:98 [ref. 29031]). •Species inquirenda in Ariidae -- (Ferraris 2007:56 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Uncertain as Potamarius henni (Fisher & Eigenmann 1922). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Daule River, Ecuador [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater. leptocassis, Hexanematichthys Bleeker [P.] 1861:65 [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeling Natuurkunde. v. 12; ref. 12601] Penang, Malaysia. Syntypes: Unknown. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:45 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Sciades sona (Hamilton 1822) -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:110 [ref. 29031]). •Species inquirenda in Hemiarius -- (Ferraris 2007:45 [ref. 29155]). •Possible synonym of Hemiarius sona (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kailola 2004:137 [ref. 28108], Kottelat 2013:248 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Uncertain as Hemiarius sona (Hamilton 1822). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. surinamensis, Hexanematichthys Bleeker [P.] 1862:380 [10] [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeling Natuurkunde. v. 14; ref. 390] Suriname. Holotype (unique): RMNH 3055. Type catalog: Boeseman 1972:310 [ref. 19698], Ferraris 2007:33 [ref. 29155]. On p. 10 of separate. •Species inquirenda in Hexanematichthys Bleeker 1858 -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:452 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Ariopsis surinamensis (Bleeker 1862) -- (Kailola 2004:126 [ref. 28108]). •Species inquirenda in Sciades -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:111 [ref. 29031]). •Species inquirenda in Ariopsis -- (Ferraris 2007:33 [ref. 29155]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: brackish. venaticus, Bagrus Richardson [J.] 1845:33 [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] Northwestern coast of Australia. Holotype (unique): destroyed. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 29155]. •Status uncertain -- (Paxton et al. 1989:220 [ref. 12442]). •Incertae sedis -- (Hoese & Gates 2006:356 [ref. 28997]). •Species inquirenda in Neoauius -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:78 [ref. 29031]). •Species inquirenda in Ariidae -- (Ferraris 2007:55 [ref. 29155]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Distribution: Northwestern Australia [if valid]. Habitat: marine. aulometopon, Netuma Fowler [H. W.] 1915:204, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 67; ref. 1392] Suriname. Holotype: ANSP 8372. Paratypes: ANSP 8373-75 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:22 [ref. 13621], Ferraris 2007:56 [ref. 29155]. •Status uncertain -- (Burgess 1989:168 [ref. 12860]). •Species inquirenda in Arridae -- (Marceniuk & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:453 [ref. 27061]). •Species inquirenda in Sciades -- (Marceniuk & Menezes 2007:111 [ref. 29031]). •Species inquirenda in Ariidae -- (Ferraris 2007:56 [ref. 29155]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine. stanneus, Galeichthys Richardson [J.] 1846:284 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:49 [ref. 29155]. Appeared as ? Galeichthys stanneus. Based solely on an illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:210, Pl. 20a [ref. 11606]). •Probably a synonym of Netuma bilineatus (Valenciennes 1840) or N. thalassinus (Rüppell 1837) -- (Kailola 2004:140 [ref. 28108]). •Species inquirenda in Netuma -- (Ferraris 2007:49 [ref. 29155]). Ariidae: Ariinae. Habitat: marine.