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Overcoming the Challenges of Tamarix Management with Diorhabda Carinulata Through the Identification and Application of Semioche
OVERCOMING THE CHALLENGES OF TAMARIX MANAGEMENT WITH DIORHABDA CARINULATA THROUGH THE IDENTIFICATION AND APPLICATION OF SEMIOCHEMICALS by Alexander Michael Gaffke A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology and Environmental Sciences MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana May 2018 ©COPYRIGHT by Alexander Michael Gaffke 2018 All Rights Reserved ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project would not have been possible without the unconditional support of my family, Mike, Shelly, and Tony Gaffke. I must thank Dr. Roxie Sporleder for opening my world to the joy of reading. Thanks must also be shared with Dr. Allard Cossé, Dr. Robert Bartelt, Dr. Bruce Zilkowshi, Dr. Richard Petroski, Dr. C. Jack Deloach, Dr. Tom Dudley, and Dr. Dan Bean whose previous work with Tamarix and Diorhabda carinulata set the foundations for this research. I must express my sincerest gratitude to my Advisor Dr. David Weaver, and my committee: Dr. Sharlene Sing, Dr. Bob Peterson and Dr. Dan Bean for their guidance throughout this project. To Megan Hofland and Norma Irish, thanks for keeping me sane. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................1 Tamarix ............................................................................................................................1 Taxonomy ................................................................................................................1 Introduction -
Invasive Species: a Challenge to the Environment, Economy, and Society
Invasive Species: A challenge to the environment, economy, and society 2016 Manitoba Envirothon 2016 MANITOBA ENVIROTHON STUDY GUIDE 2 Acknowledgments The primary author, Manitoba Forestry Association, and Manitoba Envirothon would like to thank all the contributors and editors to the 2016 theme document. Specifically, I would like to thank Robert Gigliotti for all his feedback, editing, and endless support. Thanks to the theme test writing subcommittee, Kyla Maslaniec, Lee Hrenchuk, Amie Peterson, Jennifer Bryson, and Lindsey Andronak, for all their case studies, feedback, editing, and advice. I would like to thank Jacqueline Montieth for her assistance with theme learning objectives and comments on the document. I would like to thank the Ontario Envirothon team (S. Dabrowski, R. Van Zeumeren, J. McFarlane, and J. Shaddock) for the preparation of their document, as it provided a great launch point for the Manitoba and resources on invasive species management. Finally, I would like to thank Barbara Fuller, for all her organization, advice, editing, contributions, and assistance in the preparation of this document. Olwyn Friesen, BSc (hons), MSc PhD Student, University of Otago January 2016 2016 MANITOBA ENVIROTHON STUDY GUIDE 3 Forward to Advisors The 2016 North American Envirothon theme is Invasive Species: A challenge to the environment, economy, and society. Using the key objectives and theme statement provided by the North American Envirothon and the Ontario Envirothon, the Manitoba Envirothon (a core program of Think Trees – Manitoba Forestry Association) developed a set of learning outcomes in the Manitoba context for the theme. This document provides Manitoba Envirothon participants with information on the 2016 theme. -
Are All Flea Beetles the Same?
E-1274 Are All Phyllotreata cruciferae Flea Beetles Crucifer Flea Beetle Versus the Same? Leafy Spurge Flea Beetles Denise L. Olson Assistant Professor, Entomology Dept. Janet J. Knodel Extension Crop Protection Specialist, NCREC, NDSU Aphthona lacertosa “FLEA BEETLE” is a common name describing many species of beetles that use their enlarged hind legs to jump quickly when disturbed. The adults feed on the leaves of their host plants. Heavily fed-on leaves have a shot-hole appearance. The larvae (wormlike immature stage) usually feed on the roots of the same host plants as adults. Common flea beetles that occur in North Dakota include the Flea beetles crucifer flea beetle (Phyllotreata cruciferae) and the leafy spurge have enlarged flea beetles (Aphthona species). The crucifer flea beetle is a hind legs that non-native insect pest that accidentally was introduced into they use to jump North America during the 1920s. Phyllotreata cruciferae now quickly when can be found across southern Canada and the northern Great disturbed. Plains states of the United States. The leafy spurge flea beetles are non-native biological control agents and were introduced for spurge control beginning in the mid-1980s. These biological control agents have been released in the south-central prov- inces of Canada and in the Upper Great Plains and Midwest Crucifer flea beetle is states of the United States. Although P. cruciferae and Aphthona an exotic insect pest. species are both known as flea beetles and do look similar, they differ in their description, life cycle and preference of host plants. Leafy spurge flea beetle species are introduced biological control North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105 agents. -
CDA Leafy Spurge Brochure
Frequently Asked Questions About the Palisade Insectary Mission Statement How do I get Aphthona beetles? You can call the Colorado Department of We are striving to develop new, effective Agriculture Insectary in Palisade at (970) ways to control non-native species of plants 464-7916 or toll free at (866) 324-2963 and and insects that have invaded Colorado. get on the request list. We are doing this through the use of biological controls which are natural, non- When are the insects available? toxic, and environmentally friendly. We collect and distribute adult beetles in June and July. The Leafy Spurge Program In Palisade How long will it take for them to control my leafy spurge? The Insectary has been working on leafy Biological Control You can usually see some damage at the spurge bio-control since 1988. Root feeding point of release the following year, but it flea beetles are readily available for release of typically takes three to ten years to get in early summer. Three other insect species widespread control. have been released and populations are growing with the potential for future Leafy Spurge What else do the beetles feed on? distribution. All of the leafy spurge feeding The beetles will feed on leafy spurge and insects are maintained in field colonies. cypress spurge. They were held in Additional research is underway to explore quarantine and tested to ensure they would the potential use of soilborne plant not feed on other plants before they were pathogens as biocontrol agents. imported and released in North America What makes the best release site? A warm dry location with moderate leafy spurge growth is best. -
Annette and E. Lucy Braun Papers - Mss 1064 Cincinnati Museum Center
Annette and E. Lucy Braun Papers - Mss 1064 Cincinnati Museum Center Cincinnati History Library and Archives Annette and E. Lucy Braun Papers 1838-1991, n.d. Mss 1064 Creator Braun, Annette Frances, 1884- (Author/Creator) Braun, E. Lucy (Emma Lucy), 1889-1971 (Author/Creator) Abstract This collection mainly consists of professional correspondence, research notes and writings, card files, photographs, and maps from the research conducted by Dr. Annette F. Braun and Dr. E. Lucy Braun of Cincinnati, Ohio. A small part of the collection includes papers of their mother, Emma Wright [Braun]. Quantity 29 boxes and 18 oversized folders (13 cubic feet) Date Span 1838-1991, n.d. Call Number Mss 1064 Repository Cincinnati History Library and Archives, Cincinnati Museum Center, 1301 Western Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio, 45203, USA Scope and Content This collection consists of 29 boxes, plus 18 oversized folders, which include sisters' Annette F. and E. Lucy Braun's professional correspondence as well as a few items of personal correspondence, research notes and notebooks, drafting writings and transcripts, gallery proofs, exhibit plates, ephemera, and oversized items such as maps of the United States. It also includes the sisters' notebooks, loose notes, maps, dried plant specimens, seeds, and photographs from their travels. The collection is arranged in four series, series 1 and 2 contains the papers of E. Lucy Braun and Annette Braun respectively. Series 3 is a combination of their work done together. Series 4 is oversized material. The sisters grew up in Cincinnati, Ohio and both earned their PhD's from the University of Cincinnati at the beginning of the twentieth century. -
Petition for the Release of Aphthona Cyparissiae Against Leafy Spurge in the United States1
Reprinted with permission from: USDA-ARS, March 19, 1986, unpublished. Petition for the release of Aphthona cyparissiae against leafy spurge in the 1 United States ROBERT W. PEMBERTON Part I TO: Dr. R. Bovey, Dept. of Range Science USDA/ARS/SR Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 U.S.A. Enclosed are the results of the research on the flea beetle Aphthona cyparissiae (Chrysomelidae). This petition is composed of two parts. The first is the report “Aph- thona cyparissiae (Kock) and A. flava Guill. (Coleopera: Chrysomelidae): Two candi- dates for the biological control of cypress and leafy spurge in North America” by G. Sommer and E. Maw which the Working Group reviewed on Canada’s behalf. Copies of this report should be in the Working Group’s files. This research, which was done at the Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control’s Delémont, Switzerland lab, showed A. cyparissiae to be specific to the genus Euphorbia of the Euphorbiaceae. This result agrees with the literature and field records for A. cyparissiae, which recorded it from: Euphorbia cyparissias, E. esula, E. peplus, E. seguieriana, and E. virgata. The Sommer and Maw report also included information on A. cyparissiae’s taxonomic position, life history, laboratory biology, mortality factors, feeding effects on the host plants, the Harris scoring system, as well as a brief description of the target plant – leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula complex), a serious pest of the rangelands of the Great Plains of North America. Based on this research, the Working Group gave permission to release A. cyparissiae in Canada and to import it into the USDA’s Biological Control of Weeds Quarantine in Al- bany, California, for additional testing. -
Synanthedon Mesiaeformis (Herrich-Schäffer) New to the Czech Republic and to Spain (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS SBORNÍK MENDELOVY ZEMĚDĚLSKÉ A LESNICKÉ UNIVERZITY V BRNĚ Volume LVI 19 Number 5, 2008 SYNANTHEDON MESIAEFORMIS (HERRICH- SCHÄFFER) NEW TO THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND TO SPAIN (LEPIDOPTERA: SESIIDAE) Z. Laštůvka, A. Laštůvka Received: June 4, 2008 Abstract LAŠTŮVKA, Z., LAŠTŮVKA, A.: Synanthedon mesiaeformis (Herrich-Schäff er) new to the Czech Republic and to Spain (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae). Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2008, LVI, No. 5, pp. 141–146 Synanthedon mesiaeformis (Herrich-Schäff er, 1846) has been found in the Czech Republic and in Spain for the fi rst time. The species was found in the south-easternmost part of the Czech Republic, near the town of Břeclav (faunistic quadrat 7267) in May 2008. The holes and pupae were found only in one, solitary growing group of trees about 20 years old. This fi nding place lies at a distance of more than 250 km from the localities in SW Hungary and about 550 km from the localities in eastern Poland. In June 2008, the species was found also in alders growing in the fl at river alluvium on gravel sands be- tween La Jonquera and Figueres in northern Catalonia. This locality is in a close contact with the fi n- ding places near Perpignan and Beziers in southern France. The diagnostic morphological characters and bionomics of this species are briefl y summarized and fi gured. The history of its distribution re- search is recapitulated and the causes of its disjunct range are discussed as follows. The present dis- junct range represents a residual of the former distribution over the warmer and moister postglacial period; landscape modifi cations and elimination of solitary alder trees as „weeds“ from the 18th up to the mid-20th century in large areas of Europe; narrow and partly unknown habitat requirements and specifi c population ethology; an insuffi cient level of faunistic investigations in several parts of sou- thern and eastern Europe. -
Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan: US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area, El Paso County, CO
Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area August 2015 CNHP’s mission is to preserve the natural diversity of life by contributing the essential scientific foundation that leads to lasting conservation of Colorado's biological wealth. Colorado Natural Heritage Program Warner College of Natural Resources Colorado State University 1475 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, CO 80523 (970) 491-7331 Report Prepared for: United States Air Force Academy Department of Natural Resources Recommended Citation: Smith, P., S. S. Panjabi, and J. Handwerk. 2015. Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan: US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area, El Paso County, CO. Colorado Natural Heritage Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Front Cover: Documenting weeds at the US Air Force Academy. Photos courtesy of the Colorado Natural Heritage Program © Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area El Paso County, CO Pam Smith, Susan Spackman Panjabi, and Jill Handwerk Colorado Natural Heritage Program Warner College of Natural Resources Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 August 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Various federal, state, and local laws, ordinances, orders, and policies require land managers to control noxious weeds. The purpose of this plan is to provide a guide to manage, in the most efficient and effective manner, the noxious weeds on the US Air Force Academy (Academy) and Farish Recreation Area (Farish) over the next 10 years (through 2025), in accordance with their respective integrated natural resources management plans. This plan pertains to the “natural” portions of the Academy and excludes highly developed areas, such as around buildings, recreation fields, and lawns. -
New DNA Markers Reveal Presence of Aphthona Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Believed to Have Failed to Establish After Release Into Leafy Spurge
Biological Control 49 (2009) 1–5 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biological Control journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon New DNA markers reveal presence of Aphthona species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) believed to have failed to establish after release into leafy spurge R. Roehrdanz a,*, D. Olson b,1, G. Fauske b, R. Bourchier c, A. Cortilet d, S. Sears a a Biosciences Research Laboratory, Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105, United States b Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States c Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada d Agricultural Resources Management and Development Division - Weed Integrated Pest Management Unit, Minnesota Department of Agriculture, St. Paul, MN, United States article info abstract Article history: Six species of Aphthona flea beetles from Europe have been introduced in North America for the purpose Received 28 September 2007 of controlling a noxious weed, leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). In the years following the releases, five of Accepted 10 December 2008 the species have been recorded as being established at various locations. There is no evidence that the Available online 31 December 2008 sixth species ever became established. A molecular marker key that can identify the DNA of the five established species is described. The key relies on restriction site differences found in PCR amplicons Keywords: of a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene. Three restriction enzymes are required to Flea beetles separate the immature specimens which are not visually separable. Adults which can be quickly sepa- Leafy spurge rated into the two black species and three brown species require only two restriction enzymes to resolve Euphorbia esula Aphthona the species. -
(Leafy Spurge), on a Native Plant Euphorbia Robusta
Non-target impacts of Aphthona nigriscutis, a biological control agent for Euphorbia esula (leafy spurge), on a native plant Euphorbia robusta John L. Baker, Nancy A.P. Webber and Kim K. Johnson1 Summary Aphthona nigriscutis Foudras, a biological control agent for Euphorbia esula L. (leafy spurge), has been established in Fremont County, Wyoming since 1992. Near one A. nigriscutis release site, a mixed stand of E. esula and a native plant, Euphorbia robusta Engelm., was discovered in 1998. During July of 1999, A. nigriscutis was observed feeding on both E. esula and E. robusta. A total of 31 E. robusta plants were located and marked on about 1.5 ha of land that had an E. esula ground-cover of over 50%. Eighty-seven percent of the E. robusta plants showed adult feeding damage. There was 36% mortality for plants with heavy feeding, 12% mortality for plants with light feeding, and no mortality for plants with no feeding. By August of 2002, the E. esula ground-cover had declined to less than 6% and the E. robusta had increased to 542 plants of which only 14 plants (2.6%) showed any feeding damage. For the four-year period, the E. esula ground-cover was inversely correlated to E. robusta density and posi- tively correlated to A. nigriscutis feeding damage, showing that as E. esula density declines so does Aphthona nigriscutis feeding on E. robusta. Keywords: Aphthona, density, Euphorbia, mortality, non-target impacts. Introduction established populations. These sites were monitored annually to assess the establishment of the bioagents. A parcel of land 4.8 km (3 miles) south-west of Lander, There was a strong contrast between the Majdic land Fremont County, Wyoming has been infested with and the Christiansen properties where the insects were Euphorbia esula (leafy spurge) for over 30 years. -
Agent Name Here)
Aphthona czwalinae (Weise) INVASIVE SPECIES ATTACKED: Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) Cypress spurge (E. cyparissias L.) TYPE OF AGENT: Root feeding flea beetle COLLECTABILITY: Not available for general distribution ORIGIN: Hungary DESCRIPTION AND LIFE CYCLE Adult: The black flea beetles measure 2.8 to 3.5 mm long. Their bodies are tapered at the front. Typically the upper portion of their rear legs are black (but can vary to brown), appearing similar to Aphthona lacertosa making them difficult to differentiate. As with all flea beetles, they are capable of jumping great distances and do so readily. Adults usually appear in June and July, but can vary yearly depending on climate. It has been recorded for several years to appear 10 days later than A. lacertosa. The adults tend to congregate for feeding, mating and egg-laying. Females begin to lay eggs one week after emergence. The eggs are laid in clusters of 20 - 30 underground next to a spurge stem. The females seek holes and crevices near plants to deposit their eggs, preferring to keep their ovipositor from contacting the soil. They continue to oviposit every three to five days and produce an average of 250 eggs over the season. The earliest emerging Fig. 1. A. czwalinae adult (credit Powell et al. 1994) adults may have a high mortality rate. Of all the Aphthona species, Aphthona czwalinae has the shortest adult life span, usually about 2- 3 weeks long. Females die shortly after the egg-laying period. Egg: The pale yellow eggs measure 0.7 x 0.4 mm and darken to brown-yellow as they mature. -
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Korea, with Comments and New Records
Number 404: 1-36 ISSN 1026-051X April 2020 https://doi.org/10.25221/fee.404.1 http://zoobank.org/References/C2AC80FF-60B1-48C0-A6D1-9AA4BAE9A927 AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF LEAF BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) OF KOREA, WITH COMMENTS AND NEW RECORDS H.-W. Cho1, *), S. L. An 2) 1) Animal & Plant Research Team, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, 137 Donam 2-gil, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea. *Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected] 2) Division of Research, National Science Museum, 481 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34143, Republic of Korea. Summary. An updated list of Chrysomelidae of Korea is provided with comments on all taxonomic, nomenclatural, and distributional changes. This paper is the first attempt to divide the distributional records of all Korean Chrysomelidae into records for North and South Korea. In total, 128 genera and 424 species are reported: 293 species in North Korea, 340 in South Korea, and 10 without precise localities in Korea; 22 species are excluded from the Korean fauna; 15 new national records from South Korea are reported, 10 of which are new to Korea. Key words: Chrysomelidae, fauna, new record, taxonomy, North Korea, South Korea. Х. В. Чо, С. Л. Ан. Аннотированный список жуков-листоедов (Coleop- tera: Chrysomelidae) Кореи с замечаниями и новыми указаниями // Дальне- восточный энтомолог. 2020. N 404. С. 1-36. Резюме. Приводится обновленный список жуков-листоедов (Chrysomelidae) Кореи с таксономическим и номенклатурным изменениями и замечаниями по 1 распространению. Предпринята первая попытка разделения фаунистических данных по всем корейским листоедам на указания для северной и южной частей полуострова. Всего приводятся 424 вида из 128 родов, из которых 293 вида отмечены для Северной, 340 видов – для Южной Кореи, а 10 видов – из Кореи без более точного указания; 22 вид искючен из фауны Корейского полу- острова; 15 видов впервые указаны для Республики Корея, из них 10 видов являются новыми для полуострова.