Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report P Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
PROJECT CHINA STONE Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report P Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Assessment TABLE OF CONTENTS for Project China Stone
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... 7 November 2014 IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 Prepared by Everick Heritage Consultants for Hansen Bailey on behalf of MacMines Austasia Pty Ltd 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLANDEVERICK HERITAGE ACT HERITAGE 1992 (QLD) ...... CONSULTANTS PTY LTD 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... ABN: 78 102 206 682 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 47 Arthur Terrace 4 PO Box 146 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 RED HILL, QLD 4059 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 T: (07) 3368 2660 F: (07)3368 2440 E: [email protected] 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7
3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8
3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9
3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10
3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10
3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11
© Everick3.2.3 Heritage Moray Consultants Downs Pty Ltd(previously 2014 also included Labona) ...... 12
This3.4 document PREVIOUS is and shall ARCHAEOLOGICAL remain the property / CULTURAL of Everick HERITAGE Heritage A ConsultantsSSESSMENTS Pty ...... Ltd. The document may only be used for the purposes 12 for which it was commissioned and in accordance with the Terms of Engagement for the commission. Everick grants authority to reproduce this3.5 document SEARCH for academic OF THE purposes.HERITAGE Unauthorised REGISTERS ...... use of this document is prohibited. 14 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURESTABLE OF (APPENDIXCONTENTS ...... A) ...... III I
FIGURESPLATES (APPENDIX B)A) ...... IV III
PLATES1. INTRODUCTION (APPENDIX B) ...... 1 IV
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
2.1.3 LEGISLATIVEGLOSSARY OF ANDTERMS PLANNING ...... CONTEXT ...... 3 2 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.23.1.4 PastoralismEstablishing ...... townships ...... 10 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.1.43.2.1 EstablishingHyde Park (previously townships known ...... as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 10 3.2 3.2.2PROJECT Lot SITE 3978 HISTORY on Plan ...... PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 10 3.2.13.2.3 HydeMoray Park Downs (previously (previously known also as included View Hill Labona) and Larne) ...... 12 10
3.43.2.2 PREVIOUSLot 3978 ARCHAEOLOGICAL on Plan PH /772 CULTURAL (previously HERITAGE known ASSESSMENTS as Dooyne) ...... 12 11
3.53.2.3 SEARCHMoray OF THE Downs HERITAGE (previously REGISTERS also ...... included Labona) ...... 14 12
3.43.6 PREVIOUSHISTORIC A ARCHAEOLOGICALERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY / CULTURAL ...... HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 15 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4. 4.2ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIELD SURVEY ...... SURVEY ...... 16 16
4.14.3 BACKGROUNDRESULTS ...... REVIEW ...... 17 16
4.2 SiteF 1IELD – Drophole SURVEY ...... - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
5. SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT ...... 19
5.1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THIS ASSESSMENT ...... 19 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE5.2 OFSTATEMENT CONTENTS OF SIGNIFICANCE : SPECIFIC FINDS ...... 20 5.2.1 Site 1 – Drophole – Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 20
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I 6.TABLE IMPACT OF CONTENTS ASSESSMENT ...... 21 I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES7. MANAGEMENT (APPENDIX MEASURESA) ...... 22 III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATESSTRATEGY (APPENDIX 1: STAFF B RIEFINGB) ...... 22 IV STRATEGY 2: FIND STRATEGY ...... 22 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 STRATEGY 3: ARCHAEOLOGICAL STANDARDS ...... 22 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 BIBLIOGRAPHY...... 23 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 APPENDIX1.3 GLOSSARY A: FIGU OF RESTERMS ...... 1 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2.APPENDIX LEGISLATIVE B: PLATES AND ...... PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 1 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA ii Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
FIGURES (Appendix A)
FIGURE 1: LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... 1 F IGURE 2: AERIAL VIEW OF THE PROJECT SITE ...... 2
FTABLEIGURE 3: OF M CONTENTSAP C. 1920S ...... SHOWING LOCATION (RED CIRCLE) OF THE 1925 REFERENCE TO THE “DROPHOLE” AT THE HEAD OF I DARKIES (NORTH) CREEK (SITE 1) ON VIEW HILL...... 3 FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA iii Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
PLATES (Appendix B)
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS PLATE 1: THE “DROPHOLE” AT THE HEAD OF DARKIES (NORTH) CREEK...... 1
PLATE 2: SIGNATURES ON SANDSTONE WALL OF WATERHOLE AT THE HEAD OF DARKIES (NORTH) CREEK TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... 2 I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURESPLATE 3: S(APPENDIXIGNATURES ON SANDSTONEA) ...... WALL OF WATERHOLE AT THE HEAD OF DARKIES (NORTH) CREEK ...... 2 III
PLATE 4: SIGNATURE ON SANDSTONE WALL OF WATERHOLE AT THE HEAD OF DARKIES (NORTH) CREEK PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... 3 IV
PLATE 5: SIGNATURE IN ON SANDSTONE WALL OF WATERHOLE AT THE HEAD OF DARKIES (NORTH) CREEK 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 3. 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 P1.1LATE 6: SCTUDYOLLAPSE M ETHODSOF OUTER AND SANDSTONE REPORT S WALLTRUCTURE LAYERS...... OF WATERHOLE AT THE HEAD OF DARKIES (NORTH) CREEK ...... 4 1 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA iv Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
1. INTRODUCTION
Everick Heritage Consultants Pty Ltd (Everick) was commissioned by Hansen Bailey on behalf of MacMines TABLEAustasia PtyOF Ltd CONTENTS (the proponent) to complete the non-Indigenous cultural heritage assessment as part of the
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for Project China Stone (the project). TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I The project involves the construction and operation of a large-scale coal mine on a greenfield site in Central FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III Queensland. The project site (the area that will ultimately form the mining leases for the project) is remote, PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV being located approximately 270 km south of Townsville and 300 km west of Mackay at the northern end of 1.the INTRODUCTIONGalilee Basin (Figure ...... 1). The closest townships are Charters Towers, approximately 285 km by road to the. 1
north,1.1 andSTUDY Clermont, METHODS ANDapproximately REPORT STRUCTURE 260 ...... km by road to the south-east. The project site comprises 1
approximately1.2 REPORT 20,000AUTHORSHIP ha of...... well vegetated land, with low-lying scrub in the south and east and a densely 2
vegetated1.3 GLOSSARY ridgeline, OF knownTERMS ...... as ‘Darkies Range’, running north to south through the western portion of the site. 2
2.The LEGISLATIVEmine will produce AND up PLANNING to approximately CONTEXT 55 million ...... tonnes per annum (Mtpa) of Run of Mine (ROM) thermal 3 coal.2.1 CoalTERMS will beOF RminedEFERENCE using ...... both open cut and underground mining methods. Open cut mining operations 3 will2.2 involveENVIRONMENT multiple draglines PROTECTION and & truck BIODIVERSITY and shovel CONSERVATION pre-stripping. ACT 1999 Underground (CTH) ...... mining will involve up to three 3 operating2.3 Q UEENSLANDlongwalls. HCoalERITAGE will AbeCT washed1992 (Q andLD) ...... processed on site and product coal will be transported from site 3 by2.4 rail. ItICOMOS is anticipated BURRA thatCHARTER mine...... construction will commence in 2016 and the mine life will be in the order of 4 502.5 years. H ISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 The majority of the mine infrastructure will be located in the eastern portion of the project site (Figure 2). 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 Infrastructure will include coal handling and preparation plants (CHPPs), stockpiles, conveyors, rail loop and 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 train loading facilities, workshops, dams, tailings storage facility (TSF) and a power station. A workforce 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 accommodation village and private airstrip will also be located in the eastern part of the project site. 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 The3.1.4 scope ofEstablishing this non-Indigenous townships cultural ...... heritage assessment is restricted to assessing activities that are 10
proposed3.2 P ROJECTto be undertaken SITE HISTORY within...... the project site and no off-lease activities are considered in this assessment. 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 1.13.2.2 StudyLot 3978Methods on Plan andPH 772 Report (previously Structure known as Dooyne) ...... 11 The3.2.3 approach Moray used Downsfor this (previously study was also to undertakeincluded Labona) two phases ...... of work. The first was a desktop review 12 involving:3.4 P REVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.6 HlegislativeISTORIC AERIAL review; PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 a search of published literature and archival records for information on the heritage values of the 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 project site and surrounds; 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 searches of applicable heritage registers; 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 1 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
a review of published reports relevant to the site and surrounds including previous EIS reports;
review of historic aerial photography; and TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE inOFterviews CONTENTS with local landholders, property managers and relevant local heritage contacts.
The desktop review was used to identify the heritage themes of the region and to predict the locations and TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I types of items of cultural heritage significance potentially located on the project site. The desktop review FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III results were used to structure the site survey, the second component of the study. The site survey was PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATESdesigned (APPENDIX to identify B)potentially ...... significant heritage places or artefacts which would be subject to further IV research and a significance assessment. The site survey was conducted in November 2012 and a full description 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 of the methods used in the site survey is provided in Section 4.2 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 Report Authorship 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 The site survey was undertaken by Everick archaeologists, Dr Richard Robins and Anne Dighton. The desktop 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2.study LEGISLATIVE was undertaken AND by PLANNING Anne Dighton. CONTEXT This report ...... was written by Dr. Richard Robins, Tim Robins and Anne 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 Dighton2.1 .T ERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 LD QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 LD 2.3 (Q ) ...... 3 1.2.33 Glossary of Terms (Q ) ...... 3 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 Archaeological2.4 ICOMOS terms BURRA used CHARTER in this...... report are defined below. 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 Site is defined as “any place where material evidence exists about the human past…it usually refers to a 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 concentration of such evidence” (Thomas 1998:95). 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7
3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 Feature3.1.1 is definedExploration as individual and Settlement items, components ...... or elements within a site. 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 Artefact3.1.3 is definedThe Mining as “any Industry moveable ...... object that has been used, modified or manufactured by humans” 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 (Thomas3.1.4 1995:69).Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 2 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT
2.1 Terms of Reference TABLE OF CONTENTS This report has been commissioned as part of the EIS for the project. As part of the EIS process, Terms of
Reference (the TOR) have been released by the Office of the Coordinator General. The TOR describes criteria TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I that must be met during an EIS study into non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage. Accordingly, this study was FIGURESdesigned (APPENDIXto address requirements A) ...... contained within the TOR. The methods outlined in Section 1.1 have been III
PLATESfollowed (APPENDIX in order to meetB) ...... the historic heritage requirements of the TOR. IV
1.2.2INTRODUCTION Environment ...... Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) . 1 In1.1 relation STUDY to MAustralianETHODS AND or R EPORTNational STRUCTURE level ...... non-Indigenous cultural heritage significance, the Environment 1 Protection1.2 REPORT and BiodiversityAUTHORSHIP ...... Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) is the principal legislation. Actions that are likely 2 to1.3 significantly GLOSSARY impact OF TERMS on ...... those matters are prohibited without approval from the Department of the 2
2.Environment LEGISLATIVE (DotE) AND under PLANNING the EPBC Act.CONTEXT One of ...... the objectives of the EPBC Act is to enhance the protection and 3 management of important natural and cultural places. This is achieved by DotE providing a number of statutory 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 controls for heritage places. Heritage places under the EPBC Act include both World Heritage Properties and 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 National Heritage Places, and may include both historic and Indigenous cultural heritage items. Places of 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 national heritage value and those owned or managed by the Australian Government are placed on the National 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 Heritage List and the Commonwealth Heritage List respectively. Searches of such registers were conducted as 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 part of this study. 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 2.33.1 RQueenslandEGIONAL HISTORY ...... Heritage Act 1992 (Qld) 7 The3.1.1 Queensland Exploration Heritage andAct 1992Settlement (Qld) ( ...... QHA) is the principal piece of legislation controlling actions on places 7 or artefacts3.1.2 ofPastoralism state histor ...... ic heritage significance. The primary protection for such places and artefacts is 8 provided3.1.3 throughThe Miningnomination Industry and ...... registration on the Queensland Heritage Register. Once places or artefacts 9 are 3.1.4on the register,Establishing the Queensland townships ...... Heritage Council (QHC) have a range of decision making powers over 10
development3.2 PROJECT applications SITE HISTORY that ...... have the potential to impact those places or artefacts. The QHA provides a set 10 of criteria3.2.1 forHyde measuring Park (previously the significance known of as a Viewsite orHill place and Larne)for entry ...... onto the Queensland Heritage Register. 10 These3.2.2 criteria Lot are 3978 listed on in Plan Section PH 772 5.1 (previouslyof this report, known providing as Dooyne) the basis ...... for the significance assessment. The 11 Cultural3.2.3 HeritageMoray Body Downs of (previouslythe Department also included of Environment Labona) ...... and Heritage Protection (EHP) is also given 12 responsibilities over the management of cultural heritage in Queensland. The QHA requires EHP be notified, 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 and due process followed, if either, or both, of the following situations occur: 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 the site survey identifies potentially state significant archaeological places; or 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL any person discovers SURVEY a place...... that is an important source of information about an aspect of 16 4.1 BQueensland’sACKGROUND R EVIEWhistory...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 3 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
If such an artefact is discovered the following procedure applies:
A person who discovers a thing the person knows or ought reasonably to know is an archaeological TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE artefactOF CONTENTS that is an important source of information about an aspect of Queensland’s history must give the chief executive a notice under this section.
The notice must (a) be given to the chief executive as soon as practicable after the person discovers TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I the thing; and (b) state where the thing was discovered; and (c) include a description or photographs FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III of the thing. PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIXThe chief executive B) ...... may, by public notice, declare that an archaeological artefact that is in, or has IV been removed from, a Queensland heritage place is the property of the State if the chief executive is 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 satisfied— 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 (a) the artefact is important to Queensland’s cultural heritage; and (b) a declaration under this section 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 is necessary to help conserve the cultural heritage significance of the artefact. 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2.4 ICOMOS Burra Charter 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 The2.1 InternationalTERMS OF R CouncilEFERENCE on ...... Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) is the peak body of professionals working in 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 heritage2.2 Econservation.NVIRONMENT P ROTECTIONICOMOS has & B IODIVERSITYadopted the CONSERVATION Burra Charter ACT which 1999 (CdescribesTH) ...... acceptable standards for the 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 assessment2.3 QUEENSLAND and management HERITAGE A CTof 1992 items (Q LDof) ...... cultural heritage significance in Australia. Although not a legal 3 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 requirement,2.4 ICOMOS the BBurraURRA CCharterHARTER ...... has been adopted by the QHC as a guide to assessing and managing heritage 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 places.2.5 TheHISTORICAL methods THEMES for assessing...... cultural heritage significance adopted in this study were derived from the 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3.Burra DESKTOP Charter. STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 The central principle of the Burra Charter is that assessment of the significance of any potential heritage places 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 or artefacts must be made independent of any management decisions. Under the Burra Charter, cultural 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 significance means aesthetic, historic, scientific, social or spiritual value for past, present or future generations. 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 In assessing a place or artefact’s significance, it requires not just an assessment of the artefact itself, but its 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 setting, location and an understanding of how it may be linked to any related other place or artefact (Article 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 11). This should all be documented in a written statement on the item’s significance. Once significance has 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 been established, the Burra Charter process provides for acceptable standards on the conservation, 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 preservation, maintenance, change, restoration, reconstruction and/or alteration of a place or artefact based 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 on 3.2.3this significance. Moray Importantly,Downs (previously those alsoto whom included the Labona)place or ...... artefact is significant should be involved in any 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 decision3.4 PmakingREVIOUS process ARCHAEOLOGICAL regarding / itsCULTURAL management. HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 2.53.6 HHistoricISTORIC AERIALal Themes PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4.The ARCHAEOLOGICALAustralian Heritage Commission SURVEY ...... has produced a set of Historical Themes relevant to Australia that provide 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 an4.1 historical BACKGROUND context R EVIEWwithin ...... which the heritage values of a place can be examined (Australian Heritage 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 Commission4.2 FIELD 2001). SURVEY A ...... number of themes are relevant to the project site; these include settlement, pastoral 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 4 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
development, mining infrastructure (including rail and roads) and the abandonment of farms. The themes are
summarised in Table 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 5 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
Table 1: Australian Heritage Commission (2001) Historical themes relevant to the project site
National Theme Groups National and State Sub Themes Local Themes /Application TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 3. Developing local, 3.3 Surveying the continent Exploration and settlement
regional and national 3.3.4 Looking for land with agricultural Pastoral activities: TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLEeconomies OF CONTENTS ...... potential Hyde Park Station I 3.3.5 Laying out boundaries Moray Downs Station FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... Lot 3978 on Plan PH772 III 3.4 Utilising natural resources Utilising natural resources: PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... 3.4.3 Mining Coal, copper and gold mining IV 3.5 Developing primary production Remnants of grazing farms (e.g. 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 3.5.1 Grazing stock homesteads, cattle yards & dips; . 1 fences & gates; equipment) 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 3.8 Moving goods and people Transport: coach and rail tracks, 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 3.8.6 Building and maintaining railways stock routes, roads, tracks 2 3.8.7 Building and maintaining roads 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 3.11 Altering the environment Clearing of forests and scrub for 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING 3.11.4 ClearingCONTEXT vegetation ...... grazing areas. 3 Clearing heart-leaf poison bush and 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... prickly pear from grazing areas 3 4. Building Settlements, 4.1 Planning urban settlements Establishing settlements: Charters 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 Towns and Cities 4.1.1 Selecting township sites Towers. 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE4.3 ACT Making 1992 (Q LDsettlements) ...... to serve rural Land tenure: Hyde Park Station, 3 Australia Dooyne, Moray Downs 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 6 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT
3.1 Regional History TABLE OF CONTENTS This section is based on accounts in journals of early explorers and settlers in the region (e.g. Leichhardt 1847),
historical Crown Lands documents retained at the Queensland State Archives (QSA), and various historical TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I literature relevant to the area (e.g. Fox 1923). FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV In 1844-45 the first known Europeans passed through the region. German born explorer Ludwig Leichhardt and
1.his INTRODUCTIONparty travelled in ...... the vicinity of the Suttor River to the west of the Belyando River in March 1845. 1 (Leichhardt1.1 STUDY 1847). METHODS During AND the REPORT same S TRUCTUREperiod, the...... explorer Sir Thomas Mitchell’s expedition to open up a route 1 from1.2 SydneyREPORT to A theUTHORSHIP Indian...... Ocean spent some weeks travelling northwards along the course of the Belyando 2 River,1.3 whichGLOSSARY is east OF TofERMS the ...... project site (Fox 1923). Mitchell noted that at the point at which they joined the 2
2.Belyando, LEGISLATIVE the area ANDwas extremelyPLANNING dry CONTEXT and he remarked ...... “he had never seen vegetation so checked by drought” 3 (Fox 1923:141). However, he also noted that as they progressed northward the “country seemed to improve as 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 we advanced, opening into plains skirted by scrubs of rosewood and dropping shrubs, whose verdure was most 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 refreshing to the eye after just having passed through dry and withered brigalow”. He also remarked on the 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 presence of significant quantities of game and good pastures surrounding the reaches of the river (Fox 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 1923:141). 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3.Leichhardt’s DESKTOP favourable STUDY: impressionsHISTORICAL of theCONTEXT region encouraged ...... the Crown to open up land for new settlers. Until 7
legislative3.1 REGIONAL changes H inISTORY the 1860s,...... the acquisition of land during the 1850s in inland central Queensland has been 7 described3.1.1 as Exa “freeploration-for- all”and (Murray Settlement 1996:15)...... During this period, land was acquired but often not used or 7 developed.3.1.2 ThePastoralism legislative ...... changes imposed a “use-it-or-lose-it” requirement that obligated settlers to both 8 occupy3.1.3 and developThe Mining their Industry properties ...... (Murray 1996:16). The Unoccupied Crown Lands Occupation Act 1860 9 (Crown3.1.4 Lands Establishing Act) repealed townships New South ...... Wales legislation as it related to Queensland, and enabled a more 10 orderly occupation of the Waste Lands of the Crown in the unsettled Districts. A run was described as ‘a large 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 area3.2.1 of land rentedHyde Park for a(previously fixed period known of time as Viewfrom Hillthe andCrown Larne) for ...... pastoral purposes’ (QSA Brief Guide #5). In 10 Queensland3.2.2 theLot Crown3978 on Lands Plan ActPH 772underwent (previously several known changes as Dooyne) over the ...... following decades and by 1910, after 11 each pastoral lease expired, the run was divided into two parts, one of which was resumed for closer 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 settlement. The land tenure for these smaller blocks was referred to as a “selection” that was still to be used 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 for agricultural or grazing purposes. Most types of selections were convertible to freehold tenure after a fixed 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 number of years providing the selector fulfilled certain conditions, such as improvements. 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 7 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
3.1.2 Pastoralism
Following a pattern of settlement throughout Queensland, European settlers made their way into the region in TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLEthe 1860s. OF The CONTENTS project site is situated on the margins of the more heavily-settled areas to the south and east. Given the difficulty with the climate and the unreliability of permanent water sources in the area in which the project site is situated, agriculture was never a significant feature of the area. Pastoralism has been, and TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I continues to be, the major focus of development in the region, along with mining. FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III There are, however, several themes throughout the historical records on the project site which highlight the PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV immense difficulties faced by the early pastoralists in the region. The first of these themes was the difficulty in 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 obtaining sufficient quantities of permanent water. Significant sums of money were spent by the early selectors 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 in sinking bores and wells and building dams in attempts to reach good water for their stock. This met with 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 mixed success. A note in the Labona (now Moray Downs) Run File states that the lessees had reached good 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 water1.3 at GaLOSSARY depth of OF 220 TERMS feet ...... (QSA Item ID 27609). By contrast, a notation in the Larne (now Hyde Park) Run File 2 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2.comments LEGISLATIVE on the abandonmentAND PLANNING of severalCONTEXT bores ...... due to “poor supply and salt water” and the difficulty with 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 obtaining2.1 T ERMSgood OF dam REFERENCE sites (QSA ...... Item ID 306651). In reasonable seasons, selectors often relied on sand troughs 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 in2.2 the creekENVIRONMENT beds as Pa ROTECTIONway of obtaining & BIODIVERSITY water C forONSERVATION their stock ACT for 1999 a short (CTH ) period...... Thomas Clark from Mirtna 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 Station2.3 locatedQUEENSLAND to the H ERITAGEnorth of A CTthe 1992 project (QLD site) ...... wrote in the early 1900s that “we are having a rough time of it, 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 having2.4 madeICOMOS no sales…thisBURRA CHARTER year,...... all the surface water is dry including the dams on Mirtna which have never 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 been2.5 dryH ISTORICALbefore – TweHEMES have ...... spent over £2000 since Christmas in boring and well sinking…” (Neal 1984:68). 4 Given the difficulties with ensuring adequate water for stock and the ensuing need for a light carrying capacity 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 for stock, in addition to distance to rail facilities, recommendations were often made in the area during the 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 1920s that the usual resumptions of these holdings not be carried out as pastoral activity on the smaller blocks 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 would not be sustainable (QSA Run Files). 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 A further,3.1.3 andThe perhaps Mining greater, Industry challenge ...... for the early pastoralists was the infestation of parts of the project 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 site3.1.4 with heart-leafEstablishing poison townships bush (Gastrolobium ...... grandiflorem). This plant was one of a number of pests with 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 which3.2 pastoralistsPROJECT SITE had HISTORY to contend, ...... along with prickly pear (Opuntia spp.), Noogoora burr (Xanthium pungens 10) 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 and3.2.1 ironwood Hyde (Casuarina Park (previously equisetefolia known), to nameas View a few. Hill andThe Larne)heart-leaf ...... poison bush was toxic to livestock which 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 were3.2.2 drawn toLot the 3978 bush on asPlan a food PH 772 source (previously during droughtknown as periods Dooyne) (Neal ...... 1984). The toxin in heart-leaf poison 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 bush3.2.3 (monofluoroacetic Moray Downs acid) (previously is the basis also of theincluded poison Labona) known ...... as 1080 (www.daff.qld.gov.au) – currently used 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 as3.4 wild dogPREVIOUS bait. ThisARCHAEOLOGICAL plant was a /problem CULTURAL for HERITAGE all the AlandholdersSSESSMENTS ...... in the project site to varying degrees. A Land 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 Officer3.5 notesSEARCH in OF the THE Larne HERITAGE Run R FileEGISTERS (QSA ...... Item ID 306651) that the reason why the Larne Holding (now Hyde 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 Park3.6 ) hadH ISTORICnot been AERIAL selected PHOTOGRAPHY in 1925 ...... was due to the poison bush which had rendered the country of very little 15 use. Likewise, early hand-drawn maps of Labona (now Moray Downs) show large areas fenced off in an attempt 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 to control the bush (QSA Item ID 29407). That this solution was an expensive one is noted by a Lands Officer in 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 the View Hill (now Hyde Park) Run File that “practically 70% of the area is infested to a smaller or greater 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 8 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
degree” and that the “cost (of fencing) would be out of all reason”. He further notes that clearing the bush, a
strategy employed by many of the pastoralists in the area, could not profitably be done in this case (QSA Item TABLEID 306646). OF CONTENTS
Cattle ticks also caused problems for early pastoralists, with the first record of their appearance in 1872. QuarantineTABLE OF CONTENTS periods were ...... declared in 1894. Local landholders tried several methods of dealing with the tick, I FIGURESfinally settling (APPENDIX on arsenic A) ...... as the most effective for dipping livestock. However this was expensive for the III landholders with the annual cost of dipping livestock in 1926, on an average-sized property, estimated at £214 PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV (Neal 1984). Another problem faced by early pastoralists was a condition in livestock known as “pegleg”. This
1.conditionINTRODUCTION resulted from ...... low phosphorus content in addition to insufficient protein in the grazing feed, which. 1 caused1.1 aS TUDYreduction METHODS in appetite AND REPORT in the STRUCTURE animals...... This was a particular problem for cows feeding young calves. 1 Death1.2 usuallyREPORT resulted AUTHORSHIP within...... days of contracting the disease. In 1939 the lessees of Moray Downs contacted 2 the1.3 DepartmentGLOSSARY of OF Lands TERMS to ...... request financial assistance with building a salt shed, which would provide a salt 2
2.lick LEGISLATIVEfor their stock AND(QSA PLANNING Item ID 27609). CONTEXT This was ...... thought to be a cure for “pegleg” and was an expensive 3 exercise. 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 3.1.3 The Mining Industry 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 When copper and particularly gold were found in the region in 1861, prospectors arrived in significant 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 numbers. The discovery of gold at Clermont saw a short-lived rush with most miners leaving by 1864 (Killin 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 1984). After 1864, copper replaced gold as the main commodity mined in the Bowen Basin (O’Donnell
3.1989:24).DESKTOP In the STUDY: subsequent HISTORICAL decades CONTEXT the region ...... experienced significant conflicts between European and 7 Chinese3.1 RminersEGIONAL (Molloy HISTORY 2008:48)...... Since these initial mineral discoveries in the 1860s, mining and pastoralism 7 have3.1.1 co-existed Ex plorationas the dominant and Settlement economic ...... sectors and this trend continues to the present day. 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 Early explorers also noted the presence of coal in the region. The first coal deposit was found at Blair Athol 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 homestead in 1864 by accident, when a well borer digging for water struck coal just 20 m below the surface. 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 Yet despite these discoveries, coal mining was not a significant activity in the 1800s (Molloy 2008:48). In 1978 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 Lang Hancock obtained a lease approximately 40 km to the northwest of Alpha and resource investigations 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 commenced. At that time it was not economical to begin coalmining operations due to the lack of rail and port 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 facilities that were required for such a venture. In more recent times the global demand for coal-fired power 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 encouraged the development of infrastructure that will support coal mining and processing plants. The Galilee 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 Basin has been found to contain considerable deposits of export thermal coal, with multiple mining projects in 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 the process of establishing in this area (ABC News (30/06/2012; Department of Natural Resources and Mines 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 (10/2013)) 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 9 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
3.1.4 Establishing townships
The nearest settlement to the project site is Charters Towers (located over 285km by road to the north). In the th TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE19 Century, OF Charters CONTENTS Towers was the second largest city in Queensland (Wegner 2009). It had its beginnings in 1871/1872 with the discovery of gold at what is now the intersection of Mosman Street, Rainbow Road and Black Jack Road. The find was named Charters Towers after W.S.E.M. Charters, the Gold Commissioner at the TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I time and the “tower” shaped conical hills near where the gold discovery in the area was made. Such was its FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III importance as a mining business and social centre in North Queensland, it became known as “The World” (Jane PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATESLennon (APPENDIXand Associates B) and...... Howard Pearce 1996). As mentioned earlier, a gold rush soon ensued with the IV goldfield reaching its peak of production in 1899. From its early beginnings as a rough settlement, it became a 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 thriving city with a population of approximately 25,000. The city soon contained many significant public 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 buildings in addition to the infrastructure necessary for a thriving city (Charters Towers Regional Council, 2012). 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 3.2 Project Site History 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2.A reviewLEGISLATIVE of the available AND PLANNING literature has CONTEXT found a ...... limited number of items of early European historical heritage 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 places2.1 ofT potentialERMS OF R EFERENCEinterest within...... the project site. Physical evidence which might be encountered in the project 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 site2.2 wouldENVIRONMENT likely be limited PROTECTION to pastoral & BIODIVERSITY activities CONSERVATION and might AincludeCT 1999 old (CTH structures) ...... such as sheds and yards, 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 fences,2.3 campsQUEENSLAND and tracks. HERITAGE Three ACT properties1992 (QLD )are ...... impacted by the project site. These are Hyde Park (previously 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 Larne2.4 andICOMOS View Hill), BURRA Lot C 3978HARTER on...... Plan PH 772 leased by the Coovin Pastoral Company (previously Dooyne) and 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 Moray2.5 DownsHISTORICAL (previously THEMES incorporating ...... Labona). 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3.3.2DESKTOP.1 Hyde STUDY:Park (previously HISTORICAL known CONTEXT as View ...... Hill and Larne) 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 Hyde Park covers the narrow north-south running rectangular portion of the project site (Figure 2). The earliest 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 documented record available in the Queensland State Archives Run File for View Hill (which relates to the area 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 now3.1.2 known asPastoralism Hyde Park) ...... was the lease of a Pastoral Holding over View Hill (now the southern portion of Hyde 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 Park)3.1.3 in 1915The by ThomasMining Industry Sullivan ...... and William Olive. Sullivan and Olive then transferred their interest in the 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 property3.1.4 to GeorgeEstablishing Mackay townships Hooke and ...... Benjamin Hooke in 1918. An assessment by the Lands Office Inspector 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 in3.2 the ViewPROJECT Hill RunSITE HFileISTORY (QSA ...... Item ID 306646) in 1925 noted that View Hill was located in the “belt of desert 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 and3.2.1 poison countryHyde Park and (previouslythe poison isknown a serious as View drawback Hill and to Larne)selection ...... ”. He further noted that the country was 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 difficult3.2.2 to inspectLot 3978 as aon result Plan PHof bushfires772 (previously having known“swept as practically Dooyne) ...... the whole of the desert country”. In a11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 reappraisal3.2.3 ofMoray the rent Downs for View (previously Hill in 1925,also included it was noted Labona) by ...... the Department of Public Lands officer that the 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 “principal3.4 P REVIOUSsurface A waterRCHAEOLOGICAL in Pigeonhole / CULTURAL Creek H consistsERITAGE AofSSESSMENTS waterholes ...... and shallow swamps”. It is further noted in 12 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 this3.5 documentSEARCH thatOF THE there HERITAGE were R “twoEGISTERS good ...... holes in this creek at Sullivan’s top camp, apparently permanent” 14 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 (QSA3.6 ItemHISTORIC ID 306646). AERIAL ThisPHOTOGRAPHY document ...... also records the existence of a water hole or “drophole” at the head of 15 Darkies Creek (also known as North Creek) and which was located on View Hill (see Section 4.2 below for 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 further information). A well named Harrison’s Well was also described as being located in Pigeonhole Creek 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 10 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
and was dug in 1915 to assist with water supply during the drought at that time. It had a depth of 17 feet
although by 1925 it had silted up (QSA Item ID 306646).
TABLEIn 1929, J.K.OF Mackay CONTENTS and B. Hooke were tenants-in-common of View Hill. This was followed by an application by Otilia McKenzie, wife of John F. McKenzie, for a Pastoral Lease over the property in 1935. As discussed earlier in thisTABLE report, OF CONTENTS a reliable ...... water supply for watering stock was problematic and in 1935 an assessment by the I FIGURESDepartment (APPENDIX of Public A)Lands ...... noted that there was no permanent water on the property. Mrs McKenzie III surrendered her lease over View Hill 1936 citing “unforeseen difficulties” and the land became vacant. View Hill PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV was then transferred to Mr Francis Edwin Dennis after he received the rights to the pastoral lease over the
1.propertyINTRODUCTION in 1937. He ...... subsequently transferred his interest to his brother, Robert William Dennis in 1938 (QSA. 1 Item1.1 ID 306646).STUDY M ETHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
Larne1.3 formedGLOSSARY the OFnorthern TERMS ...... portion of what is now known as Hyde Park. As with View Hill, it is also noted in the 2 Larne Run File (QSA Item ID 306651) in 1925 as being located in desert and heart-leaf poison bush country and 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 that the poison bush is the principal reason ”for the property not having been selected at this time” (QSA Item 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 ID 306651). The earliest documented record available in the Queensland State Archives relevant to Larne is in 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 1916 when Henri George Gillis applied for, and received, a lease over the Pastoral Holding of Larne. In 1917 he 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 transferred his interest in the lease to George Mackay Hooke and Benjamin Hooke who then surrendered the 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 lease in 1921. In 1936 a Pastoral Lease was given to Loid Hans Jensen. At this time, there is a reference to Larne 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 being rough, range country (QSA Item ID 306651) with a further reference in 1966 to Loid Hans Jensen of Hyde 3.Park. DESKTOP More recent STUDY: information HISTORICAL was unable CONTEXT to be attained ...... from the Queensland State Archives for this property. 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 Improvements to the properties noted in both the View Hill and Larne files mostly pertain to infrastructure 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 relating to water (wells, bores and troughs), in addition to homesteads and stockyards. The homestead on 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 Hyde Park Station is not situated within the project site. 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.23.1.4.2 Lot 3978Establishing on Plan townships PH 772 ...... (previously known as Dooyne) 10 This3.2 propertyPROJECT covers SITE H theISTORY north-eastern ...... corner of the southern portion of the project site (Figure 2). As no Run 10 File3.2.1 for Dooyne Hyde Station Park (previouslyexists at the known Queensland as View State Hill and Archives, Larne) very ...... little information was available on the 10 history3.2.2 of thisLot property 3978 on. Any Plan information PH 772 (previously that was known available as Dooyne) was accessed ...... through other Run Files from the 11 same3.2.3 area. TheMoray first mentionDowns (previously of Dooyne alsois in includedrelation toLabona) the name ...... of a station on an atlas of Australia dating to 12 18863.4 (JohnPREVIOUS Oxley A Library).RCHAEOLOGICAL A map / fromCULTURAL the HViewERITAGE Hill A RunSSESSMENTS File (QSA ...... Item ID 306646) dating to the late 1800s 12 shows3.5 theSEARCH Old OFBowen THE H DownsERITAGE RRoadEGISTERS running ...... through the property. Survey maps dating to 1919 refer to the 14 selector3.6 HasISTORIC R.W. ADennis,ERIAL P HOTOGRAPHYwho is also ...... mentioned in 1937 in the Labona Run File (QSA Item No 27609) as being 15
4.th e ARCHAEOLOGICALlessee of Dooyne Holdings. SURVEY A Queensland ...... land tenure map dating to 1920 shows the boundary of what 16 would become Dooyne Station. Several historic maps were examined in addition to maps in other Run Files for 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 11 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
the area, and with the exception of the Dooyne Homestead in the 1886 Atlas referred to earlier, there was no
evidence for infrastructure on this property on any of the maps up to the 1940s.
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE3.2.3 MorayOF CONTENTS Downs (previously also included Labona)
The southern corner of the project site covers a small section of what is now Moray Downs but was previously TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I known as Labona Station (Figure 2). An application was made in 1881 for a License to Occupy a New Run of FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURESCrown Lands (APPENDIX in the Unsettled A) ...... Districts in the name of Labona station. In 1908 mention is made in the Run File III of Francis and Joseph North as lessees of Moray Downs and Labona Stations. In 1924 a Lands Office Inspector PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV noted that about one half of the Labona Holding consisted “of open Box and Ironbark forest and one third is 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 open to thick Gidya country and the balance is red soil tablelands and low stoney ridges lightly to thickly 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 timbered with Lancewood. It is sparsely to well grassed”. 1930 saw the lease transferred to Arthur Muirhead 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 who, in turn, transferred his interest in the property to Benjamin Hooke and Cecil Lackersteen in 1936. The 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 later1.3 MorayGLOSSARY Downs OF file TERMS did ...... not contain any further relevant information. 2 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 Labona was no different to other stations surrounding it in that one of the major concerns of landholders 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 throughout the early history of the area was the search for sufficient water for their livestock. Many of the 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 improvements noted on Labona station were related to water infrastructure such as wells, bores and dams. 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 Further improvements were a homestead and associated outbuildings, fences and stockyards of various types. 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 A salt shed was also erected on Labona in 1939. It was hoped that the shed would eventually contain a salt lick 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 considered at the time to be the only method of dealing with the disease called “pegleg” referred to earlier in
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3.this DESKTOPreport (QSA STUDY: Item ID 27609).HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.43.1.1 PreviousExploration Archaeological and Settlement ...... / Cultural Heritage Assessments 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 Investigations3.1.2 Pastoralism into archaeological ...... or cultural heritage information for the Galilee Basin region have typically 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 been3.1.3 generated The asMining a part Industry of studies ...... undertaken for EIS assessments for the development of mines and 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 associated3.1.4 infrastructureEstablishing within townships the region...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 There are no known studies that specifically address the cultural heritage of the project site in particular, 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 however several studies undertaken as part of EIS assessments were identified that relate to the Galilee Basin. 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 The3.2.3 themes, placesMoray and Downs artefacts (previously discussed also in included these reports Labona) are ...... similar to those reported on within the project 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 site3.4. ThesePREVIOUS reports A RCHAEOLOGICALare briefly summarised / CULTURAL below. HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Assessment – Carmichael Coal Mine and Rail Project. 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 Prepared for Adani Mining Pty Ltd. 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 GHD4.1 (2012)BACKGROUND undertook REVIEW a desktop ...... Indigenous and non-Indigenous cultural heritage assessment in support of the 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 EIS4.2 for theFIELD Carmichael SURVEY ...... Coal Mine and Rail Project (CCM&RP), located south of the project site. A number of 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 12 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
cattle yards, watering troughs, dams and one homestead (Labona) were determined to be located within the
CCM&RP site and its vicinity.
TABLEAs the rail OF corridor CONTENTS associated with the CCM&RP crossed a number of former pastoral stations and mine leases, it was likely that associated sites (e.g. homestead complexes and related infrastructure) would be present and mayTABLE require OF CONTENTS further assessment ...... under the provisions of the Queensland Heritage Act 1992 at a later date. I FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III Desktop Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report – (Phase One) Alpha Coal Project, Alpha to Bowen Rail
PLATESCorridor. (APPENDIX Prepared for B) Hancock ...... Prospecting Pty Ltd. IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 Converge Heritage and Community (2010a) undertook a desktop review of the history of the area within the 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 proposed Alpha Hancock Coal Project rail corridor from the mine to the port at Bowen. The rail corridor is 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 approximately 100 km from the project site at its closest point. Three non-Indigenous places of cultural 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 heritage significance were identified to be within the rail corridor study area. These included Strathmore
2.HomesteadLEGISLATIVE listed onAND the PLANNING Queensland CONTEXT Heritage Register; ...... Old Bowen Downs Road listed on the Register of the 3 National2.1 T EstateERMS OF and REFERENCE Queensland ...... National Trust Register; and Suttor Creek Aboriginal Camp identified within the 3 study2.2 areaENVIRONMENT as a potential PROTECTION heritage & site. BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 Converge Heritage and Community noted that a number of places were considered likely to exist within the 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 study area that were not currently listed on a statutory or non-statutory heritage register. As the rail corridor 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 crossed a number of former pastoral stations and mine leases, it was likely that associated sites (e.g. 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 homestead complexes and related infrastructure) would be present and may require further assessment under the3.1 provisions REGIONAL of the HISTORY QHA...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 Non3.1.2-Indigenous Pastoralism Cultural Heritage ...... Survey Report – Alpha Coal Project. Prepared for Hancock Prospecting Pty Ltd. 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 Converge Heritage and Community (2010b) prepared the non-Indigenous cultural heritage assessment in 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 support of the EIS for the Alpha Coal Project, which is located approximately 140 km south of the project site. 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 Eleven non-Indigenous cultural heritage sites were identified across the study area. These sites included five 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 sites assessed as having direct association with the late 19th Century coach route network as they included a 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 travellers’ inn site, a bottle dump, a gravesite, an old paddock fenceline and in situ cart ruts; a bush camp site 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 assessed as likely to be a stop along the stock route network and frequented by stockmen; and the Wendouree 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 and Hobartville homesteads, yards, dams, and a marsupial fence each providing evidence of early twentieth 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 century pastoral related activity and improvements. Although the properties of Tressilian and Monklands were 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 part of the study area these were not surveyed on foot, as landowners indicated during interviews that these 4.areas ARCHAEOLOGICAL were ‘non-productive SURVEY poison country...... and had no heritage remains’. 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 13 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report - Kevin’s Corner Project. Prepared for Hancock Galilee Pty Ltd.
Converge Heritage and Community (2011) prepared the non-Indigenous cultural heritage assessment in TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLEsupport of OF the CONTENTSEIS for the Kevin’s Corner Project, located approximately 125 km south of the project site. Eight non-Indigenous cultural heritage sites were identified across the study area through desktop assessment and TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I fieldTABLE surveys. OF CONTENTS These sites ...... included two sites having direct association with the late 19th and earth 20th Century I th FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGUREScoach route (APPENDIX networks A) as ...... they included a hotel site a camps; two 20 Century outstation sites related to III pastoral activity (sheep shearing and droving) as they included a drovers shack, bore and dam; and two sites PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV relating to 20th Century pastoral activity and improvements. 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 Non1.1 -IndigenousSTUDY M CulturalETHODS AND Heritage REPORT Reports STRUCTURE - China...... First (Galilee Coal) Project. Prepared for Waratah Coal Pty Ltd. 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 Thom Blake Historian (2010) prepared the non-Indigenous cultural heritage assessment in support of the EIS 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 for the China First (Galilee Coal) Project, located approximately 160 km south of the project site. The Monkland
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2.homesteadLEGISLATIVE complex AND is a PLANNINGpotential site CONTEXT of non-Indigenous ...... cultural heritage. The site is an old pastoral property 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 associated2.1 TERMS with OF the REFERENCE early 20 ...... th Century, comprising of two houses, sheds and shearing sheds. 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Assessment – South Galilee Coal Project. Prepared for AMCI (Alpha) Pty Ltd. 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 This assessment was carried out by Everick Heritage Consultants in 2011 in support of the EIS for the South 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 Galilee Coal Project, which is located immediately southwest of the township of Alpha, and approximately 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3.200 DESKTOP km south of STUDY: the project HISTORICAL site. Nine CONTEXTplaces of n ...... on-Indigenous historic interest were located within, or close 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 to3.1, the studyREGIONAL area. H ISTORYThese ...... sites included two bore sites, three outstation/yard complexes, a homestead site, an 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 overshot3.1.1 damEx andploration fencing. and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.53.1.3 SearchThe Mining of the Industry Heritage ...... Registers 9 A search was undertaken of the following heritage registers to identify any listing of historic cultural heritage 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 within or in proximity to the project site: 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10
3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.11. WorldHyde Heritage Park (previouslyList; known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.22. RegisterLot 3978of the on National Plan PH Estate; 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.33. NationalMoray Heritage Downs List; (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 4. PCommonwealthREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL Heritage / List; CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 5. SQueenslandEARCH OF THE Heritage HERITAGE Register; REGISTERS ...... 14 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 6. HChartersISTORIC A TowersERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY Regional Council ...... (Dalrymple Planning Scheme 2006 Table 4.1(a)) Heritage Overlay 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICALCode); and SURVEY ...... 16 7. Belyando Shire Planning Scheme 2008 Schedule 2 Division 7, Places and Items of Heritage Interest. 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 14 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
No sites within close proximity to the project site are listed on the heritage registers.
3.6 Historic Aerial Photography TABLEAerial photographs OF CONTENTS from the 1950 s to 1960s were reviewed in order to inform the site inspection. These
photographs relate to a period prior to significant development from land clearing, mining and infrastructure TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I which have subsequently altered the landscape. Information to be gained from historic aerial photography may FIGURESinclude: (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV past land use practises such as evidence of grazing or farming; 1. INTRODUCTION potentially significant ...... environmental features (creeks, waterholes, ridgelines etc.) that may have since. 1
1.1 SbeenTUDY alteredMETHODS as AND a result REPORT of subsequentSTRUCTURE...... farming, grazing or mining practises; and 1
1.2 RtheEPORT presence AUTHORSHIP of any...... large scale post – European structures, such as roads, homesteads, dams and 2
1.3 Gstockyards.LOSSARY OF T ERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 No sites of potential interest were able to be identified on the historic aerial photographs. 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 15 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY
4.1 Background Review TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Prior to the field survey, the following historic records relating to the project site were reviewed:
Historic accounts, photographs and maps of the project site to identify potential historic structures TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I that may be located during the survey. FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III Aerial and satellite photographs to identify locations of disturbance such as roads, tracks, fences,
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIXexcavations, B)yards, ...... dams and buildings. IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION Local historical ...... information held by the Isaac Regional Council (2012). . 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 SInformationTUDY METHODS held AND at R theEPORT Information STRUCTURE ...... Centre and the local library in Charters Towers and the Zara Clark 1 Museum in Charters Towers. 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 4.2 Field Survey 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 A field survey was conducted by Everick Director Dr Richard Robins and qualified archaeologist Anne Dighton 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 on 13 and 14 November 2012. The survey was undertaken primarily by vehicle, with surveying of some areas 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 completed on foot. GPS points were recorded for all inspected features. Photographs and notes of particular 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 features were taken. 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 The2.5 surveyHISTORICAL was undertaken THEMES ...... in three parts, undertaken concurrently: 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 Part 1 - Interviewing local residents and property owners about their historical knowledge of the area 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 or of particular sites. Local residents and property owners who were interviewed included: 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 o Mrs Lorraine Corbett, a lessee of Hyde Park Station. 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 o Mr Bruce Cook, Mr Phil Cook and Mrs Marie Cook, property managers and owners of Dooyne 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Station.Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 o Mr Dean Bowditch of Carmichael Station, Moray Downs. Mr Bowditch has lived on 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITECarmichael HISTORY ...... Station for the last eight years and is familiar with the country within the project 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hydesite. Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Part Lot2 - Orientation3978 on Plan survey PH 772 of (previouslythe project knownsite, partly as Dooyne) as familiarisation ...... and partly to identify the field 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 investigationMoray Downs site. (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PPartREVIOUS 3 – ATargetedRCHAEOLOGICAL inspections / CULTURAL of the H ERITAGEfield investigation ASSESSMENTS site ...... and areas that were identified during the 12 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SdesktopEARCH OF survey THE HERITAGE and through REGISTERS interviews ...... with the local residents. 14 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 In addition, local residents Dean Bowditch and Lorraine Corbett confirmed that the practise of regular burning
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4.of theARCHAEOLOGICAL vegetation on the SURVEYstations in ...... question, as well as the significant flooding that occurs as a result of the 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 project4.1 siteBACKGROUND location atREVIEW the foot ...... of Darkies Range, suggests that it is unlikely any predicted remains of heritage 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 interest4.2 wouldFIELD S URVEYstill exist ...... (i.e. timber fence posts, troughs and stock yards). 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 16 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
4.3 Results
Only one field investigation site of potential heritage significance was identified during the desktop study and TABLEthrough OF consultation CONTENTS with local residents as being present within the project site, and this site provided the basis for the targeted survey. The site was surveyed, and any historic evidence found was recorded,
photographed and GPS readings taken. Details of this site are discussed below. TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATESSite (APPENDIX1 – Drophole B) ...... - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek IV Position: 146° 7.382’ E; 21° 43.631’ S (GDA 94). 1. DescriptionINTRODUCTION: Site 1 is...... situated on the southern part of Hyde Park Station on land previously known as View Hill. 1 1.1Station. STUDY It is MlocatedETHODS inAND the R EPORTnorth S TRUCTUREof the project...... site in the head waters of North Creek which was previously 1 1.2called RDarkiesEPORT A CreekUTHORSHIP on a...... map from the View Hill Run File (QSA Item ID 306646). The drophole is situated at the 2 1.3head ofG LOSSARYa gorge OF approximately TERMS ...... 85 m wide at its maximum width and is located at the termination of the gorge. 2
2. ItLEGISLATIVE is formed from AND sandstone PLANNING layers, CONTEXTwith some ...... siltstone distributed through the sandstone, and has a capping 3of ironstone. Hematite is distributed through much of the sandstone. The soft sandstone layers are significantly 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 eroded. This has produced a large overhang with a waterhole approximately 25 m below (Plate 1). In 1925 it 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 was noted that the waterhole was not able to be accessed by livestock, however the present landowner has 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 now opened a track into the waterhole for his cattle. 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 Historical Background: This site was indicated on a map from the View Hill Run File (QSA Item ID 306646) 3. datingDESKTOP to approximately STUDY: HISTORICAL late 1800 (see CONTEXT Figure 3)...... Additionally, in 1925 a reference was made in the same file to7
3.1a “drophole”REGIONAL in H theISTORY “head ...... of Darkies Creek under the range” which was a “precipitous cavity in the gorge” 7 where3.1.1 “in theExploration early days and the Settlement carriers hauled ...... the water up with a rope and bucket”. Information confirming the 7 location3.1.2 ofPastoralism this site was ...... provided by Dean Bowditch and Lorraine Corbett. During interviews with local 8 residents3.1.3 theyThe revealedMining Industry that there ...... is a local belief that the drophole is associated with the cattle thief Harry 9 Readford3.1.4 (alsoEstablishing often spelt townships Redford)...... Harry Readford is believed to have been part of a composite character, 10
3.2Captain PROJECT Starlight, SITE HimmortalisedISTORY ...... in Rolf Boldrewood’s 1882 novel Robbery Under Arms. The event that made 10 Readford3.2.1 infamousHyde Park was (previously his theft knownof approximately as View Hill 1,000 and Larne)head of ...... cattle from Bowen Downs Station in 1870. 10 Readford3.2.2 thenLot 3978drove on the Plan cattle PH 772overland (previously to South known Australia as Dooyne) covering ...... a distance of approximately 800 miles 11 (Cowan3.2.3 1985).Moray He Downswas eventually (previously caught also and included charged Labona) with the...... crime in 1873. However at his trial in Roma 12he received a not guilty verdict by the jury, who it is said were so admiring of Readford’s feat that they chose to 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 ignore the significant evidence against him (Sutton 2002). In relation to the project site, local opinion suggests 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 that Starlight’s Hole may have been a hideout / campsite for Readford. However further research into this 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 claim has not produced any evidence to connect Readford to the area in which the project site is located. 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 17 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
4.3 Results Feature 1 – Signatures: Carved into the sandstone walls of the waterhole are several signatures with
Only one field investigation site of potential heritage significance was identified during the desktop study and associated dates. While many of these are recent carvings, four signatures have associated dates from the TABLEthrough OF consultation CONTENTS with local residents as being present within the project site, and this site provided the TABLE1800s and OF early CONTENTS 1900s (Plate 2, Plate 3, Plate 4 and Plate 5). The relevant signatures are: W.B. KAY 1901; TN basis for the targeted survey. The site was surveyed, and any historic evidence found was recorded, 1863; VJ 1884 and C. HANNIDON 1927. Information was provided by Dean Bowditch to the effect that there photographed and GPS readings taken. Details of this site are discussed below. had previously been more signatures on the walls of the waterhole/overhang (some of which were of an earlier TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I date than those still present at the site) however erosion and collapse of the outer layers of the wall have
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGUREScaused some (APPENDIX signatures A) to ...... be lost (Plate 5). III PLATESSite (APPENDIX1 – Drophole B) ...... - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
Position: 146° 7.382’ E; 21° 43.631’ S (GDA 94). 1. DescriptionINTRODUCTION: Site 1 is...... situated on the southern part of Hyde Park Station on land previously known as View Hill. 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1Station. STUDY It is MlocatedETHODS inAND the R EPORTnorth S TRUCTUREof the project...... site in the head waters of North Creek which was previously 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.2called RDarkiesEPORT A CreekUTHORSHIP on a...... map from the View Hill Run File (QSA Item ID 306646). The drophole is situated at the 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.3head ofG LOSSARYa gorge OF approximately TERMS ...... 85 m wide at its maximum width and is located at the termination of the gorge. 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. ItLEGISLATIVE is formed from AND sandstone PLANNING layers, CONTEXTwith some ...... siltstone distributed through the sandstone, and has a capping 3of 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 ironstone. Hematite is distributed through much of the sandstone. The soft sandstone layers are significantly 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 eroded. This has produced a large overhang with a waterhole approximately 25 m below (Plate 1). In 1925 it 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 was noted that the waterhole was not able to be accessed by livestock, however the present landowner has 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 now opened a track into the waterhole for his cattle. 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 Historical Background: This site was indicated on a map from the View Hill Run File (QSA Item ID 306646) 3. datingDESKTOP to approximately STUDY: HISTORICAL late 1800 (see CONTEXT Figure 3)...... Additionally, in 1925 a reference was made in the same file to7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1a “drophole”REGIONAL in H theISTORY “head ...... of Darkies Creek under the range” which was a “precipitous cavity in the gorge” 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 where3.1.1 “in theExploration early days and the Settlement carriers hauled ...... the water up with a rope and bucket”. Information confirming the 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 location3.1.2 ofPastoralism this site was ...... provided by Dean Bowditch and Lorraine Corbett. During interviews with local 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 residents3.1.3 theyThe revealedMining Industry that there ...... is a local belief that the drophole is associated with the cattle thief Harry 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 Readford3.1.4 (alsoEstablishing often spelt townships Redford)...... Harry Readford is believed to have been part of a composite character, 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2Captain PROJECT Starlight, SITE HimmortalisedISTORY ...... in Rolf Boldrewood’s 1882 novel Robbery Under Arms. The event that made 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 Readford3.2.1 infamousHyde Park was (previously his theft knownof approximately as View Hill 1,000 and Larne)head of ...... cattle from Bowen Downs Station in 1870. 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 Readford3.2.2 thenLot 3978drove on the Plan cattle PH 772overland (previously to South known Australia as Dooyne) covering ...... a distance of approximately 800 miles 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 (Cowan3.2.3 1985).Moray He Downswas eventually (previously caught also and included charged Labona) with the...... crime in 1873. However at his trial in Roma 12he 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 received a not guilty verdict by the jury, who it is said were so admiring of Readford’s feat that they chose to 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 ignore the significant evidence against him (Sutton 2002). In relation to the project site, local opinion suggests 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 that Starlight’s Hole may have been a hideout / campsite for Readford. However further research into this 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 claim has not produced any evidence to connect Readford to the area in which the project site is located. 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 18 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
5. SIGNIFICANCE ASSESSMENT
5.1 General Principles of this Assessment TABLE OF CONTENTS The assessment of non-Indigenous cultural heritage significance is made independent of any practical
management considerations of the place or artefact. The significance assessment for the project site is guided TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I by the Burra Charter and the criteria for entry onto the QHA list. The criteria used in this assessment are as FIGURESfollows: (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES(a) (APPENDIXthe place is importantB) ...... in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's (or local) history; IV
1. INTRODUCTION(b) the place demonstrates ...... rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's (or local) cultural. 1
1.1 Sheritage;TUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 (c) RtheEPORT place AUTHORSHIP has potential...... to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Queensland's 2
1.3 G(orLOSSARY local) OFhistory; TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE(d) the place ANDis important PLANNING in demonstrating CONTEXT ...... the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural 3 places; 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 (e) EtheNVIRONMENT place is important PROTECTION because & BIODIVERSITY of its aesthetic CONSERVATION significance; ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 (f) QtheUEENSLAND place is H importantERITAGE ACT in 1992 demonstrating (QLD) ...... a high degree of creative or technical achievement at a 3
2.4 ICOMOSparticular B URRAperiod; CHARTER ...... 4
2.5 (g) HtheISTORICAL place hasTHEMES a strong ...... or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, 4
3. DESKTOPcultural STUDY: or spiritual HISTORICAL reasons; or CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 (h) RtheEGIONAL place H hasISTORY a special ...... association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of 7 3.1.1 importanceExploration in Queensland's and Settlement (or local) ...... history. 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 A place or item need only be significant in one of these criteria to be considered of heritage significance. In 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 addition, a place may be entered in the Queensland heritage register as an archaeological place if the place: 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PisROJECT not a SstateITE H ISTORYheritage ...... place; 10
3.2.1 has potentialHyde Park to (previously contain an known archaeological as View Hillartefact and Larne)that is ...... an important source of information about 10 3.2.2 Queensland’sLot 3978 history.on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 All heritage places identified in the desktop research and field inspection have been assessed against the above 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 heritage criteria for potential world, national, state and local heritage significance. Sites that have been 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 assessed as falling well below the local threshold for being considered of local heritage significance are subject 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 to no further discussion. Statements of heritage significance (Section 5.2) and Heritage Impact (Section 6) have 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 been provided for all sites that have been assessed as being of potential or actual local heritage significance. It 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 19 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
should be noted that best practise heritage management strategies may still see conservation for items or
places that do not reach the threshold for being of local heritage significance (Section 8). TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 5.2 Statement of Significance: Specific Finds
No places of national, state or local heritage significance were located within the project site. Having regard to TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I the review of historic resources described above, this is to be expected, as most of the project site has seen FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURESlittle occupation (APPENDIX since EuropeanA) ...... settlement. As illustrated in Section 3.1, the area covered by the project site is III located in what has always been a sparsely populated area. This was in addition to the challenges to the PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV development of the pastoral industry as a result of the difficulties inherent in insufficient water and pest and 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 disease issues. 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 The1.2 site RofEPORT potential AUTHORSHIP heritage...... interest that was identified in the desktop study or through consultation with 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 local1.3 residentsGLOSSARY or OFproperty TERMS ...... owners, was assessed as failing to meet the thresholds described in Section 5.1 as 2 being of local heritage significance. 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 5.2.12.1 T SiteERMS 1 OF – R DropholeEFERENCE ...... – Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 Site2.2 1 is EaNVIRONMENT stock waterhole PROTECTION location & B andIODIVERSITY potentially CONSERVATION a former AcampsiteCT 1999 (C. UponTH) ...... inspection, no physical evidence 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 relating2.3 toQUEENSLAND the use of H theERITAGE waterhole ACT 1992 as a(Q campsiteLD) ...... could be located. It is likely that any other physical evidence 3 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 located2.4 atICOMOS the waterhole BURRA C HARTERlinking...... the waterhole to a campsite has been destroyed by successive fire and flood 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 events2.5 inH ISTORICALthe immediate THEMES area...... When assessed against the QHA criteria, this site was considered not to fulfil 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3.criteria DESKTOP (b) or (c).STUDY: Numerous HISTORICAL sets of engraved CONTEXT initials ...... were observed in the sandstone overhang, however a 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 search3.1 ofREGIONAL archival H ISTORYdocuments, ...... and consultation with landowners confirmed no evidence, documented, 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 anecdotal3.1.1 or otherwise,Exploration of and the Settlementsignificance ...... or history of these names. 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 No historic evidence could be identified linking Harry Readford to this site, other than anecdotal evidence from 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 local landholders. Rather, historic evidence suggests Readford did not occupy this site. The place therefore 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 does not meet the threshold for criteria (h), being a special association with a particular person of importance 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 to Queensland or local history. 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 20 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
6. IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Based on the literature review and site survey, no state or locally significant historical cultural heritage places TABLEor archaeological OF CONTENTS objects were found . There is some possibility that significant heritage items, which have not
been identified as part of this assessment, may exist within the project site. Cautionary mitigation measures TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I are outlined in Section 7 of this report that allow for the identification and protection of such items, if found. FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 21 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
7. MANAGEMENT MEASURES
It is recommended that the following management strategies be implemented for the project. TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Strategy 1: Staff Briefing The General Manager and all staff or contractors of the proponent who will be responsible for undertaking TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I initial clearance and ground breaking activities will be informed of their obligations under Section 89 of the QH FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III Act to report to the EHP any archaeological items that may constitute an important source of information PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATESabout an (APPENDIX aspect of Queensland’sB) ...... history. As a cautionary approach, the Find Strategy (Strategy 2) will be IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.implemented INTRODUCTION if any potential ...... heritage items are identified. . 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 Strategy 2: Find Strategy 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 In the event that any staff or contractors of the proponent suspect that they have uncovered an archaeological 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 object that may constitute an important source of information about an aspect of national or state history, the 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2.following LEGISLATIVE measures AND will apply:PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 (a) disturbance of any areas immediately surrounding the Find will cease immediately; 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 (b) QifUEENSLAND it considered HERITAGE that AtheCT 1992Find (Qis LDat) ...... risk of being inadvertently damaged by construction activities, a 3 temporary fence will be erected around the Find; 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 (c) HtheISTORICAL EHP will THEMES be notified; ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP(d) a suitably STUDY: qualified HISTORICAL archaeologist CONTEXT will be ...... engaged to inspect the Find and determine its significance; 7 and 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1(e) shouldEx plorationthe Find andbe Settlementof state significance, ...... appropriate mitigation strategies will be developed in 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 consultationPastoralism with ...... appropriate EHP officers. 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 Strategy 3: Archaeological Standards 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 In the event that archaeological monitoring or excavations are required as a result of implementing the Find 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 Strategy (Strategy 2), the standards outlined in the EHP Guidelines Archaeological Investigations (EHP, 2013) 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 will be applied (or any version of the EHP guidelines that may supersede this document). 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 22 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Megan Hendry, Chrissy Arthur and Francis Tapim (30 May 2012). TABLECorporation), OF CONTENTS30/06/2012 "Government begins talks for Galilee coal rail line". ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). Accessed 06/09/2013. TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I Australian Heritage Commission Australian Historic Themes: A Framework for use in Heritage 2001 FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... Assessment and Management. Australian Heritage Commission, III Canberra. PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV Charters Towers Regional Council World History. 1. 2012INTRODUCTION ...... 1 http://www.charterstowers.qld.gov.au/web/guest/visitors/world_hist 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTUREory.shtml...... Accessed October 2012. 1
1.2Converge REPORT Heritage AUTHORSHIP and Community...... 2 Desktop Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report – (Phase One) 2010a 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... Alpha Coal Project, Alpha to Bowen Rail Corridor. Unpublished report 2 prepared for Hancock Prospecting Pty Ltd 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 Converge Heritage and Community 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Survey Report: Alpha Coal Project. 3 2010b 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITYUnpublished CONSERVATION report prepared ACT 1999 for (C THHancock) ...... Prospecting Pty Ltd. 3
ConvergeQUEENSLAND Heritage HandERITAGE Community ACT 1992 LD 2.3 (QNon) ...... -Indigenous Cultural Heritage Technical Report – Kevin’s Corner 3 2011 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... Mine Project. Prepared for Hancock Galilee Pty Ltd. 4
2.5Cowan, H J.ISTORICAL 1985 THEMES ...... 4 Starlight’s Trail; Harry Redford’s epic journey down the Cooper. 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXTSydney: Doubleday...... 7
3.1DepartmentREGIONAL of HNaturalISTORY ...... Resources 7 Queensland’s Coal-Mines and Advanced Projects, Department of and Mines 3.1.1 Exploration and SettlementNatural ...... Resources and Mines, Brisbane. 7
Everick3.1.2 HeritagePastoralism Consultants ...... 2011 8 Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Assessment – South Galilee Coal 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... Project. Unpublished report prepared for AMCI (Alpha) Pty Ltd 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 Fox, M.J. 1923 The History of Queensland: its people and industries Vol.2. Held by 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 John Oxley Library, Brisbane. 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 GHD 2012 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previouslyIndigenous known and Non as -Dooyne)Indigenous ...... Cultural Heritage – Carmichael Coal 11 Mine and Rail Project. Prepared for Adani Mining Pty Ltd. 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 Isaac Regional Council 2012 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURALAbout HERITAGE Our Region: ASSESSMENTS Clermont...... www.isaac.qld.gov.au/nebo Accessed 12 October 2012. 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 Jane Lennon & Associates and H. 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... Mining Heritage Places Study: Northern and Western Queensland. 15 Pearce 1996 Identification, assessment and documentation of cultural heritage 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 significance. Volume 4: Mount Isa Mining District. Published by 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... Cultural Heritage Branch, Department of Environment, Brisbane. 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 23 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
Killin, K. 1984 Drover, Diggers and Draglines: A History of Blair Athol and Clermont. Published by Pacific Coal Pty Ltd for the Blair Athol Coal Joint
Venturers.
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLELeichhardt, OF L. CONTENTS1847 Journal of an Overland Expedition in Australia from Moreton Bay to
Port Essington, during the years 1844-45. Accessed Sept 2012: TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/l/leichhardt/ludwig/l52j/chapter5.html I
Neal, J. 1984 FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... Beyond the Burdekin: pioneers, prospectors, pastoralists: a history of III the Dalrymple Shire, 1879-1979. Mimosa Press. PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV Molloy, F. 2008 Back in Black in the Bowen. Australian Mining July 2008:48-54. 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 Murray, A. 1996 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURENothing...... But Scrub. Moranbah Silver Jubilee Committee, Belyando 1 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... Shire Council. 2 O’Donnell, D. 1989 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... A History of Clermont and District. Clermont: Belyando Shire Council. 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. QueenslandLEGISLATIVE Heritage AND Council PLANNING 2006 CONTEXT ...... 3 Using the criteria: a methodology. Unpublished report prepared by 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... the Cultural Heritage Branch, Queensland Environmental Protection 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITYAgency C onONSERVATION behalf of the ACT Queensland 1999 (CTH) ...... Heritage Council, Brisbane. 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3QSA (QueenslandQUEENSLAND HStateERITAGE Archives) ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 Various documents sighted at the Queensland State Archives n.d. 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... contained in Run Files. 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5Sutton, HA.ISTORICAL 2002 THEMES ...... 4 Sensational Cattle Stealing Case: The Harry Redford Story. Pimlico: 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXTNetwork Creative ...... Services. 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1Thom BlakeREGIONAL Historian HISTORY 2010 ...... 7 Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Assessment Report – China First 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and SettlementProject...... Prepared for Waratah Coal Pty Ltd. 7
3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 Wegner3.1.2 , J. 2009Pastoralism ...... 8 Industrial treasure: North Queensland's mining heritage. In: Sir Robert 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... Philp Lecture Series: selected lectures on North Queensland history 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... from the city libraries Sir Robert Philp Lecture series: 9 June 2008-11 10 May 2009. Townsville City Council, Townsville, QLD, Australia, pp. 84- 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 91. Accessed via JCU Website: http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/8948/ 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10
3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA 24 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
APPENDIX A: FIGURES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 Figure 1:1: Location of the project site 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA AA11 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... Figure 2:2: Aerial View of the Project Site 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA AA22 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 Figure 33:: Map c. 1920s showing location (red circle) of the 1925 reference to the “drophole” at the head of Darkies ((North)North) Creek (Site 1) on View Hill. 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16
4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA AA33 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
APPENDIX B: PLATES
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3
2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEWPlate ...... 1: The “drophole” at the head of Darkies ((North)North) Creek. 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA BB11 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLANDPlate 2:2: Signatures HERITAGE A onCT 1992sandstone (QLD) ...... wall of waterhole at the head of Darkies (North)(North) Creek 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 Plate 3:3: Signatures on sandstone wall of waterhole at the head of Darkies (North)(North) Creek 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA BB22 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1 1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2 1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2 1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3 2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3 2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3 2.3 QUEENSLANDPlate 4:4: Signature HERITAGE A onCT sandstone1992 (QLD) wall...... of waterhole at the head of Darkies (North(North) Creek 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4 2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4 2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7 3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12 3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14 3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15 3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 4.1 BACKGROUND REVIEW ...... 16 Plate 5:5: Signature in on sandstone wall of waterhole at the head of Darkies ((North)North) Creek 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA BB33 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey Appendix P | Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
FIGURES (APPENDIX A) ...... III
PLATES (APPENDIX B) ...... IV
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 STUDY METHODS AND REPORT STRUCTURE...... 1
1.2 REPORT AUTHORSHIP...... 2
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ...... 2
2. LEGISLATIVE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 3
2.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 3
2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION & BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (CTH) ...... 3 Plate 6:6: Collapse of outer sandstone wall layers of waterhole at the head of Darkies (North) Creek 2.3 QUEENSLAND HERITAGE ACT 1992 (QLD) ...... 3
2.4 ICOMOS BURRA CHARTER...... 4
2.5 HISTORICAL THEMES ...... 4
3. DESKTOP STUDY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...... 7
3.1 REGIONAL HISTORY ...... 7 3.1.1 Exploration and Settlement ...... 7 3.1.2 Pastoralism ...... 8 3.1.3 The Mining Industry ...... 9 3.1.4 Establishing townships ...... 10
3.2 PROJECT SITE HISTORY ...... 10 3.2.1 Hyde Park (previously known as View Hill and Larne) ...... 10 3.2.2 Lot 3978 on Plan PH 772 (previously known as Dooyne) ...... 11 3.2.3 Moray Downs (previously also included Labona) ...... 12
3.4 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL / CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENTS ...... 12
3.5 SEARCH OF THE HERITAGE REGISTERS ...... 14
3.6 HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 15
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ...... 16
4.1Plate 7:7:B ExampleACKGROUND of RtheEVIEW regular ...... burning that takes place within the project site. Photo taken on Hyde 16 4.2 FIELD SURVEY ...... Park Station prior to wet season.season. 16
4.3 RESULTS ...... 17 Site 1 – Drophole - Head Waters of Darkies (North) Creek ...... 17 Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA BB44 Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey
Project: EV.234 Project Stone HCHA i Report prepared for: Hansen Bailey