Central West Regional Plan planning for a stronger, more liveable and sustainable community September 2009 Central West Regional Plan Disclaimer: This document is produced to The regional plan does not commit or convey general information. While every pertain to commit any government, industry Prepared by: care has been taken in preparing this or community organisation to implement, The Honourable Stirling Hinchliffe MP, document, the State of Queensland accepts fund or otherwise resource specific activities Minister for Infrastructure and Planning, in no responsibility for decisions or actions or programs. accordance with the Integrated Planning taken as a result of any data, information, Act 1997, Division 4, Section 2.5A statement or advice, express or implied, All maps are intended to represent general contained within. The contents of this concepts for the purpose of broad-scale With assistance from: document were correct to the best of our regional planning. These maps do not Department of Infrastructure and Planning knowledge at the time of publishing. and are not intended to identify or give attributes or rights, including land use and Any reference to legislation contained within development rights, to specific land parcels. In consultation with: is not an interpretation of the law. It is to Boundaries and locations are indicative only Central West Regional Coordination be used as a guide only. The information and may be subject to further refinement. Committee (CWRCC). contained within does not take into The Department of Infrastructure and consideration any reference to individual Planning, does not guarantee or make Published by: circumstances or situations. Where any representations as to the accuracy or appropriate independent legal advice should completeness of the information shown be sought. on these maps, nor does it accept any responsibility or liability for any loss or Release notes damage arising from its use.

The Department of Infrastructure and The Central West Regional Plan is released by the Minister for Infrastructure and For more information on the regional Planning brings together planning, plan contact: local government and infrastructure Planning in accordance with the Integrated Planning Act 1997, section 2.5A.15. It is a Department of Infrastructure and Planning responsibilities into one department post PO Box 161 enabling government to deliver integrated statutory instrument under the Statutory Instruments Act 1992. Longreach Qld 4730 Australia solutions, face the state’s population visit 138 Eagle Street Longreach and economic challenges and secure a tel 1300 724 061 sustainable future for Queensland. The regional plan applies to the Central West regional local government areas fax +61 7 4650 1288 © The State of Queensland (Department as defined under Integrated Planning email [email protected] of Infrastructure and Planning) 2009. Regulations 1998, Schedule 3A, Part 4. web www.dip.qld.gov.au/centralwest Published by the Queensland Government, It replaces the Draft Central West Regional Copies of the regional plan are available: September 2009, 100 George Street, Plan (the draft plan) released by the online www.dip.qld.gov.au/centralwest Brisbane Qld 4000. planning Minister on 5 August 2008. The draft plan was subject to community for viewing at most council chambers, The Queensland Government supports and consultation and comment up to libraries and customer service centres within encourages the dissemination and exchange 30 November 2008. A consultation report, the local government areas covered by the of information. However, copyright protects which summarised the issues raised regional plan this document. The State of Queensland during the consultation period was on CD-ROM or in hard copy by contacting has no objection to this material being released on 10 September 2009. It is Department of Infrastructure and reproduced, made available online or available at www.dip.qld.gov.au/centralwest Planning offices in Longreach, Rockhampton electronically but only if it is recognised as or by calling 1300 724 061. and Brisbane the owner of the copyright and this material by phoning 1300 724 061 remains unaltered. Copyright inquiries about The regional plan has been prepared in by emailing [email protected] this publication should be directed to the good faith, taking into account all public Crown Copyright Administrator via email, submissions, to provide a framework for Department of Infrastructure and [email protected] or in writing to the management and development of the Planning offices: PO Box 15168, City East, Queensland 4002. Central West for more than 20 years. • 138 Eagle Street Longreach • Level 3, 130 Victoria Parade ISBN: 978-0-9804831-6-1 The regional plan represents an agreed Rockhampton RPC_0056_.04_Pu Queensland Government position on the • Shop front, 63 George Street Brisbane future of the Central West region. Any plans, policies and codes being prepared or amended by state agencies or local government must reflect and align with the regional plan. The Queensland Government is committed to providing accessible services to Queenslanders from all culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. If you have difficulty understanding this document and need an interpreter, please call the Translating and Interpreting Service (TIS National) on 131 450 and ask them to telephone the Queensland Department of Infrastructure and Planning on 07 3227 8548. Central West Regional Plan planning for a stronger, more liveable and sustainable community

Regional vision

The quality of our region’s relaxed, balanced lifestyle is widely known and sets us apart from other regions in Queensland and Australia.

As custodians of Australian history, we take our stewardship of history, culture, natural resources and the environment, seriously.

Ours is a region that provides the opportunity for strong, diverse and creative industries to develop, driving the economic development of our communities.

People choose to live in and visit the Central West due to our liveable, affordable, safe, vibrant, prosperous and cohesive communities. Central West Regional Plan

2 Central West Regional Plan

Contents

PART A—Introduction 4 3.5 Indigenous cultural heritage 32 Background and purpose 4 3.6 Sport and recreation 33 Statutory planning 6 3.7 Community involvement and capacity building 33 Preparation 6 3.8 Advancing the region 34 Application, implementation and review 7 3.9 Promoting health and wellbeing 35 Structure of the regional plan 8 4. Urban development 37 Maps 9 4.1 Urban structure and settlement 38 PART B—Regional vision 10 4.2 Urban character and form 39

PART C—Strategic directions 12 4.3 Housing mix, affordability and design 39 Create a more sustainable future 12 4.4 Disaster management 39 Protect regional biodiversity and supporting 5. Economic development 40 agricultural production values 12 5.1 Land availability 44 Enhance the identity of regional communities 12 5.2 Business and industry 44 Provide infrastructure and services 13 5.3 Regional economy 45 Integrate land use, transport and economic activity 13 5.4 Agriculture 45 PART D—Regional activity centres network 14 5.5 Tourism 46 Major rural activity centre 14 5.6 Knowledge and technology 47 District rural activity centres 15 5.7 Innovation and marketing 47 Community activity centres 16 5.8 Employment, labour force and skills 47 Specialist activity centre 16 5.9 Education and training 48 Other community hubs 16 5.10 Energy and mineral resource development 48 PART E—Regional policies and strategies 17 6. Infrastructure 50 Underlying principles 17 6.1 Infrastructure planning and coordination 51 1. Natural environment 19 6.2 Water supply and management 52 1.1 Ecological values and biodiversity 20 6.3 Waste management 52 1.2 Watercourses and wetlands 21 6.4 Energy, information and technology 53 1.3 Atmosphere and greenhouse gas emissions 22 6.5 Transport networks 53 1.4 Air and acoustic environment protection 23 6.6 Roads and highways 54 2. Natural resources 24 6.7 Railways 55 2.1 Land and natural resource use and management 25 6.8 Airports and air services 55 2.2 Water management 26 PART F—Implementation, monitoring and review 56 2.3 Pest management 27 Plan making 56 3. Strong communities 28 Implementation 56 3.1 Regional lifestyle 30 Roles and responsibilities 57 3.2 Leadership, networks and coordination 31 Monitoring and reporting 57 3.3 Social justice and safety 31 Review process 57 3.4 Cultural values 31 Community involvement in implementation 57 3

Appendix 1 58

Mapping methodology for areas of ecological significance 58

Areas of high ecological significance 58

Areas of general ecological significance 58

Appendix 2 59

Maps 59

Bibliography 66

Glossary 67

Acknowledgments 69

List of tables and figures Table 1. Specific climate change projections for the Central West 18 Table 2. Estimated resident population, Central West Region, June 2006 30 Table 3. Employment within various industries in the Central West 40 Table 4. Counts of businesses, Central West statistical division, June 2006 41 Table 5. Regional indicator snapshot Central West statistical division 42 Table 6. Galilee mining potential 42 Figure 1. Relationship between this regional plan and other plans and strategies 6 Figure 2. Regional plan flowchart 8 Figure 3. Population projections to 2031 29 Figure 4. Urban and rural population 1976-2006 29 Figure 5. Population in urban centres and rural localities 1971-2006 29 Figure 6. Estimated resident population 1995-2006 29 Figure 7. The adaptive management planning process 56 4 Central West Regional Plan

PART A—Introduction

Seven local governments cover the Embracing these opportunities will ensure Background and region extending west from the Central that the region will grow, despite the purpose Highlands to the Northern Territory border. challenges facing the region over the life They are: of the regional plan. The major challenges include: The Central West region, • Barcaldine Regional Council despite its small population and • Barcoo Shire Council • planning for, and managing, the impacts of resource and energy development remoteness, hosts a number • Blackall-Tambo Regional Council • attracting and retaining skilled workers of sustainable communities. • Boulia Shire Council The sustainability of these • providing opportunities to halt outward • Diamantina Shire Council youth migration communities is closely tied to • Longreach Regional Council the responsible stewardship • transport networks—accessing and • Winton Shire Council. providing essential services to the region’s of the natural environment, smaller centres the residents’ spirit, pride and The Central West and its people have • remoteness and access—distances people sense of community, and the significant employment and growth have to travel to gain human and social potential in existing and new industries services, such as health and education innovation of small businesses such as: to provide required services. • maintaining safe and secure air access in • clean energy from geothermal energy, and out of the region, while meeting the solar voltaic and solar thermal increasing security requirements applicable production to regular passenger transport flights The region forms part of the Lake Eyre 1 • low capacity to meet increasing public catchment and includes the Mitchell • carbon farming , good land and private sector environmental outcome Downs, Channel Country and Desert management and stewardship of expectations Uplands biogeographic regions. The grazing land region is classified as semi-arid to arid. • organic agriculture, aquaculture and • access to intrastate, interstate and The Central West covers 418 512 square agribusiness international markets to export goods and kilometres, has a population of 12 535 services • ecotourism, Indigenous tourism, and is expected to experience slow palaeotourism, education/study tourism • effects of climate change, such as changes population growth of about 0.3 per cent and heritage/cultural tourism in rainfall patterns over the life of the regional plan. • macropod2 and wild game harvesting • extremes in weather conditions, such as and by-products drought and floods • cottage industries and niche marketing • fluctuations in commodity prices. • mineral, coal, gas and shale oil resources.

1 Carbon farming is the cultivation of trees in order to remove carbon and then to obtain tradable rights in that carbon. These rights can then be sold to emitters of CO2 and other interested parties’ from The Carbon Farmer Model: A report for the Rural Industries Research and Development 2 Macropod refers to herbivorous maruspials comprising kangaroos, wallabies, rat-kangaroos and tree-kangaroos Part A–Introduction 5 6 Central West Regional Plan

Meeting the regional challenges and Figure 1. Relationship between regional plans and other plans and strategies exploiting the opportunities is imperative for the region to meet its potential. The Regional Central West Regional Plan is a key tool Regional economic social Regional tourism for integrating Commonwealth, state and strategies development strategies local government agendas. strategies

Regional plans are about thinking Regional regionally and acting locally, with an conservation increased focus on achieving outcomes. strategies Regional plans under the Integrated Regional plans Planning Act 1997 seek to achieve environmental, economic and social Regional vision and sustainability, by planning at a regional desired regional outcomes level. Regional Regional water plans natural Regional planning and coordination is and strategies resource essential for managing and shaping the management future of our communities. There are plans unique challenges posed in the bush in the planning and coordination of Other regional Regional Regional infrastructure infrastructure, services and programs to strategies transport strategies meet current and emerging community plans needs. Potential future changes in climatic conditions may also affect the region.

The Queensland Government’s Blueprint for the Bush regional planning initiative government planning agendas, linking Preparation outlines what the regional plan will address. infrastructure and service provisions, to The plan will contribute to the objectives meet the needs of, and provide greater The Draft Central West Regional Plan was of building a sustainable, liveable and certainty for, communities located in the developed with extensive advice from prosperous rural Queensland by: Central West region. the Central West Regional Coordination • addressing key economic, social and Committee ‘the Regional Coordination environmental issues Committee’, under provisions of section Statutory planning 2.5A of the Integrated Planning Act 1997. • prioritising infrastructure and service The primary role of the committee is to: needs Amendments to the Integrated Planning • maximising benefits and managing Act 1997 allow new or amended regional • provide advice to the Planning Minister impacts of major projects plans to take statutory effect. Under a on regional planning matters statutory regional plan, all development • driving innovation and productivity • assist in the preparation, and land use in the region will need implementation and review of the • mobilising the public, private and to comply with the regional plan. The regional plan community sectors regional plan prevails where there is an inconsistency between the regional • facilitate the resolution of regional • aligning efforts across agencies and all planning issues levels of government. plan and planning schemes within the region. In the case of an inconsistency, • promote a coordinated approach to This plan is a part of a wider process the responsible local government must regional planning. to ensure that a consistent and propose how it will amend its planning contemporary regional planning scheme within 90 business days, to align The preparation of the regional plan was framework is operating for the whole of with the regional plan. a joint undertaking between all levels of Queensland. This framework will be the government and key community interest mechanism for integrating state and local groups. These interests are represented on the Regional Coordination Committee. Part A–Introduction 7

The Draft Central West Regional Plan Regional policies and strategies provide sector. Resourcing for programs to was made available for public comment the planning principles and guidelines achieve these policy outcomes may for a period of 84 business days, as per for managing future land use and come from government, non-government the provisions of the Integrated Planning development. Where appropriate, a or private sector investment. Aligned Act 1997, which requires a minimum combination of land use policies and strategies do not commit the government consultation period of 60 business days. aligned strategies are used to achieve to provide funding for any particular Following consideration of comments the desired regional outcomes for the action or program. received from the public and other state regional plan. agencies through formal submissions, The statutory regional planning framework the state government produced the final Land use policies are those policies provides for a formal monitoring and regional plan. relating to land use matters of the review process across the state, which is Integrated Planning Act 1997. These an important element in any regional land are primarily implemented through local use planning framework. The outcomes government planning schemes and any and policies of the regional plans will be Application, other mechanisms that fall under the monitored and used in the formal review implementation and Integrated Planning Act 1997. of the regional plan. A formal review will be undertaken at least every 10 years. review Aligned strategies are designed to assist Notwithstanding the above, the Planning in achieving a desired regional outcome, Minister can amend the regional plan at The regional plan is a statutory generally through a collaborative any time, under the procedures set out in instrument under the Statutory approach, and are aligned with other the Integrated Planning Act 1997. Instruments Act 1992 and is a planning legislation, plans, processes and voluntary instrument under the Integrated Planning programs. Act 1997. They may be implemented by various Local government planning schemes are stakeholders, including local, state the primary mechanisms for managing and Commonwealth government, urban development. Best practice will non-government organisations such be achieved through the implementation as community or natural resource of local planning schemes, resulting in management groups, and the private sustainable regional communities. 8 Central West Regional Plan

Structure of the Figure 2. Regional plan flow chart regional plan

The regional plan is set out under the Central West Regional Plan following sections:

Part A Introduction —provides background material to establish the context Part A—Introduction and intent of the regional plan. It outlines the need for a regional Background material to establish the context and plan and the relationship with other intent of the regional plan planning documents developed by government agencies for the region.

Part B Regional vision—outlines the desired Part B—Regional vision future for the Central West region. Outlines the desired future for the Part C Strategic directions—sets down Central West region the broad policy framework for the regional plan.

Part D Regional activity centres network— Part C—Strategic directions applies a statewide framework, used to characterise Queensland’s centres, Broad policy framework their facilities and services. This will guide existing and future planning intent for these centres. The regional activity centres network is linked to Part D—Regional activity centres network many regional policies. Statewide framework to characterise Queensland Part E Regional policies and strategies— centres, their facilities and services provides the planning principles and guidelines for managing the future land use and development of the Central West region. They should Part E—Regional policies be reflected in all relevant plans, policies and codes being prepared Planning principles and guidelines for managing or amended by the Queensland land use and development of the Central West Government or local governments in region. These should be reflected in all relevant the Central West. plans, policies and codes being prepared or amended by the Queensland Government or local Part F Implementation, monitoring and governments in the Central West region review—sets out the proposed governance arrangements for implementing the regional plan and describes how these will be Aligned strategies Land use policies monitored and reviewed.

Part F—Implementation, monitoring and review Governance arrangements for implementing the regional plan Part A–Introduction 9

Maps at a detailed level. Given the size of the region, the scale used in map 2 (see The maps contained in the regional plan appendix I) of the regional plan should are based on available data at the time of only be used as general information. More printing. The information sources used to detailed information on the region’s areas prepare these maps vary, with respect to of ecological significance is available from scale, accuracy and currency. the agency’s website.

The Department of Environment and The maps in the plan are not regulatory Resource Management has prepared maps and are to be used as information mapping showing areas of ecological guides only. significance. The maps have been prepared from high quality data sets of terrestrial vegetation, key threatened species habitats and wetlands. The accuracy of mapping is considered reliable for planning purposes 10 Central West Regional Plan

PART B—Regional vision

The quality of our region’s The vision for the Central West defines Sustaining the Central West’s community the community’s long-term aspirations. It structure ensures that development is relaxed, balanced lifestyle is provides a conceptual image of the type compatible with the region’s character and widely known and sets us of lifestyle the community aspires to have natural resources. This can be achieved by: apart from other regions in in 20 years time, and the environment it Queensland and Australia. wishes to protect for future generations. • marketing the Central West as The regional vision for the Central West is custodians of Australian history As custodians of Australian consistent with the statewide ambitions • ensuring development throughout the history, we take seriously our of the Queensland Government’s blueprint region is carefully managed to protect for the future, Toward Q2: Tomorrow’s the region’s character stewardship of history, culture, Queensland, which sets targets for the natural resources and the most pressing issues of Queensland’s • planning for, and responding to, the society. These targets are to be achieved challenges resulting from new resource environment. by 2020. and energy developments Ours is a region that provides • ensuring that development and The vision was developed with the environmental standards for the the opportunity for strong, contribution of many people, including region are sustainable, affordable and diverse and creative industries members of the Regional Coordination appropriate for the communities being to develop, driving the Committee, working groups and serviced. community members. It focuses attention economic development of our on the region’s sustainability in the It is essential to provide responsive communities. following key areas: regional governance and leadership in managing growth and change in order to People choose to live in and • economic prosperity, especially from realise the vision, by: visit the Central West due heritage-related tourism and rural to our liveable, affordable, production • being responsive to citizens’ concerns and encouraging them to become well safe, vibrant, prosperous and • the community’s character and social wellbeing informed and involved by offering a cohesive communities. wide variety of opportunities for active • responsible stewardship of the region’s participation in civic affairs natural resources and environment. • providing leadership in promoting To realise this vision, the region will greater intergovernmental coordination celebrate the past and the region’s with Commonwealth, state and local current identity while fostering vibrant governments. communities and a healthy landscape. Part B–Regional vision 11

The region’s physical and social character • preserving the region’s distinctive • retaining the region’s tradition of and natural beauty can be preserved and character and identity. engaging the community through enhanced by: volunteering with active participation in Keys to improving quality of life within a variety of arts, cultural, public-safety, • protecting the good condition of the communities are: faith-based and other community the region’s natural resources and organisations. environment, through responsible • keeping communities safe, healthy, • celebrating and encouraging diversity— stewardship accessible and inclusive Central West is a welcoming region that • protecting and maintaining the • providing a range of employment invites newcomers of all cultures and community’s character, such as options, quality infrastructure and backgrounds to participate in the civic the diverse tapestry of liveable equitable services, including health and life and economic prosperity of the communities, the scenic, walkable education region. centres, and the variety of community • recognising the importance of youth and activities their potential to strengthen the region • honouring the region’s rich heritage, • encouraging recognition of a vibrant by protecting its historic buildings, arts and cultural life, museums, landmarks and artefacts libraries, arts activities and events, as a source of pride and shared experience for residents and visitors 12 Central West Regional Plan

PART C—Strategic directions

To achieve the region’s vision design and location should improve These natural and economic resources liveability and reduce the impacts of the underpin the region’s liveability, form an and desired outcomes, the region’s highly variable climate. essential part of the economy, and will be regional plan proposes a range protected and managed in a manner that of policies to manage change for Protect regional does not reduce their value to the region. a sustainable future within the biodiversity and General knowledge of these assets is Central West. These policies are quite modest given the vastness of the guided by strategic directions support agricultural region. The regional plan identifies areas necessary to achieve change where more information is required, to production values develop meaningful targets for managing and sustainability in the region. the region’s natural resources. The Central West contains distinctive natural landscapes that are highly valued by the region’s population. The regional Enhance the Create a more plan identifies four assets within the sustainable future region: identity of regional communities • land A key objective of the regional plan is to ensure that development is managed • water Communities in Central West Queensland have long been recognised as custodians in a sustainable way. The regional plan • biodiversity aims to: of Australia’s early European history. The • community. region boasts a number of authentic • establish a connected network of The plan identifies threats to Central West heritage attractions, many of them icons centres Queensland’s natural environment, such of the outback legend. The Central West is synonymous with an Australian • build and maintain community identity as land degradation and erosion, reduced water flows, and the spread of invasive experience that embraces the nation’s • add value to any economic initiatives weeds and feral animals. Measures are in cultural heritage and pioneering spirit. developed within the region place to deal with these threats, however, • improve transport infrastructure it is likely to need ongoing commitment The network of regional activity centres from large sectors of the community to encourages the expansion of the • support a prosperous community overcome them entirely. larger centres, to support the lifestyles • protect biodiversity of communities in the region. The maintenance and development of these • address climate change. Water and energy will be a key focus of the regional plan. The region will seek centres is encouraged in a way that also The regional plan also proposes that to reduce consumption and manage maintains their character. communities have access to the most demand, while increasing the use of up-to-date and effective measures to renewable resources in the interest of conserve water and energy. Building developing a more sustainable region. Part C–Strategic directions 13

Provide infrastructure and services

The Central West is a diverse region, in terms of geographical spread, demographics and culture. A coordinated approach to human services delivery is needed to ensure equal opportunities and access for all community members and to address current and emerging community needs. Available and accessible services and infrastructure are vital for the Central West, particularly given the remoteness of settlements in the western part of the region.

The regional plan advises not only on ‘hard’ infrastructure (e.g. road, rail networks), but also social infrastructure and services required to support the development of the region.

Integrate land use, transport and economic activity

Extensive grazing is recognised as the traditional mainstay of the Central West economy. The agricultural sector needs to diversify and add value to products, to enhance economic development within the region. Another major economic driver is tourism. The ongoing development of airports in the region to meet increased security demands and the expanding air traffic market is vital for sustainable tourism development. Opportunities also exist to expand, diversify and value-add to the region’s resources, by identifying competitive advantages and encouraging new economic opportunities that are ecologically sustainable. This will generate sustainable, high-quality employment and income necessary to enhance quality of life for the region’s population.

Community needs, quality of life and economic development opportunities are enhanced by access to good transport and telecommunications systems. These systems must balance the need for more efficient and effective access to national and international marketplaces and service centres. 14 Central West Regional Plan

PART D—Regional activity centres network

A classifi cation system has The regional activity centres network The network of centres is dynamic will contribute to the Central West’s and there may be change over time. been developed to describe sustainable future, by providing an Subsequent reviews of the regional plan towns within regions, based on objective basis to assist planning and will reflect any significant change in role their population, employment, decision making by service providers. and function of the centres. business activities, facilities Maximised social benefits and economic efficiency will accrue from: and services. This classifi cation system, called the regional • strategically identifying where growth, Major rural activity centres network, infrastructure and services should be activity centres located will help governments plan • making informed decisions in relation Longreach how and where services and to large developments capable of infrastructure should be located. affecting the functioning of centres Generally, major rural activity centres serve catchments of subregional to There are four classifi cations • identifying the type and scale of developments and activities appropriate regional significance, with populations of activity centres that apply to for each centre category typically in the range of 2500 to 5000 the Central West: residents. These centres accommodate • promoting cost sharing of infrastructure concentrations of employment, businesses and services between centres, thereby and shops. • major rural activity centres reducing competition between local • district rural activity centres governments in obtaining funding, The major rural activity centre in • community activity centres services or facilities. the Central West is Longreach, with • specialist activity centres. a population over 3750. Although The development of the resource sector Longreach has a low urban population within the Central West region, through compared to coastal activity centres, projects such as the Galilee Basin, it services an area of 418 512 square provides unique opportunities for the kilometres, in conjunction with the growth of the larger centres through: region’s district rural activity centres and community activity centres. • increased employment and economic prosperity Longreach is the major rural • infrastructure upgrades administrative centre for a range of state government services. It is the focal • development of locally based value- point for employment and economic adding opportunities development and provides a mix of • growth of support industries that have businesses and administrative services the potential to drive economic growth. required to support the economic development of the region. Part D–Regional activity centres network 15

Longreach has a strong rural service focus and facilities is desirable. This will allow a local general practitioner or non- and supports one of the largest cattle the local population and surrounding resident medical services, such as visiting sales complexes in Queensland, with districts to access adequate services. It specialist medical services. These centres average sales of 91 190 head per annum. is well-positioned to respond to future have educational facilities, in some cases demands and changes in population and to Year 12, and police stations, often With good access to the arterial road demographics. with more than one officer, and multiple network and established rail networks, government services. The current services Longreach acts as the region’s transport provided in these towns need to be hub. It has good road links to service District rural activity maintained. centres such as Brisbane, Toowoomba, centres Townsville and Rockhampton. It also These centres have sealed airstrips and has a daily air service to Brisbane and a Barcaldine, Bedourie, Blackall, Boulia, service regular flights by commercial twice-weekly service to Townsville. Jundah, Winton airlines. The airports also provide access for the Royal Flying Doctor Service and Queensland Rail provides two passenger District rural activity centres in the charter services. services a week to Brisbane, with Central West provide essential functions connections to Emerald and Rockhampton for surrounding districts. The population These centres are the local government (the Spirit of the Outback), three general range for each centre is generally administration centres for the local freight services a week and cattle trains between 300 and 2500. government areas and provide a range of on an order basis. Coach services connect services to the community. travellers to Brisbane and Mount Isa daily These centres provide weekly and and to Emerald and Rockhampton twice- essential services, such as grocery The rail line to the Central West ends in weekly. shopping and postal services. Outlying Winton and is an important railhead for properties may face a travel time of up the transportation of livestock and wool. The regional plan intends that Longreach to four hours to access these centres. retains its role as the major centre They offer local government services of the Central West. Maintaining and and health services that may include improving its current level of services 16 Central West Regional Plan

Each of these towns is a centre Some services exist due to a single Birdsville has become an Australian for district and regional community industry or tourist attraction, for example, icon through its history, remoteness interaction and social events. Historical the interpretive centre at Isisford. Other and essential outback character. This trends show peaks and troughs in centres, such as Yaraka, were developed iconic status means that Birdsville has population, investment and employment during the construction of the rail line. approximately 300 tourists staying per based on commodity prices and resource Yaraka has a church, police station, night during the tourist season (March to demand. post office and recreational facilities. September). Birdsville provides essential Tambo and other centres have historic services and social interaction for significance and provide recreational residents and the travelling public. Community activity facilities for tourist and locals. centres Birdsville is situated at the cross-roads The driving force for all these centres for outback travel, with famous routes Alpha, Aramac, Ilfracombe, Isisford, is a strong sense of community and like the Birdsville Track, the Strzelecki Jericho, Muttaburra, Stonehenge, Tambo, generous volunteerism. These centres Track (via Cordillo Downs or Walkers Urandangi, Windorah and Yaraka. have a much larger proportion of the Crossing) and many of the Simpson population involved in volunteer activities Desert tracks, all converging at Birdsville. Community activity centres in the such as Meals on Wheels and sporting Central West provide essential functions associations. It is also important to note Major road-sealing programs in the for surrounding subregions. They are that these volunteer groups provide their Diamantina and adjoining shires characterised by low populations, usually community with networks that make have allowed for the development of fewer than 300 residents. These centres working towards sustainability goals more the tourism industry, by catering for provide weekly and essential services, achievable. travellers with small and medium-sized such as grocery shopping and postal conventional vehicles. services. Outlying properties may face a Further employment and growth travel time of up to three hours to access opportunities are expected, with the The resident population of Birdsville these centres. potential development of four major has always been small. With a small coal mines with a capacity of 25 million rate base, it is often difficult to develop The local government provides many tonnes per annum near Alpha and Jericho or improve infrastructure and services services to the residents of these over the next 10 years. to cater for high tourist numbers. The communities that fall outside of the large number of tourists that visit the normal responsibilities of other local The need to sustain facilities and services town therefore places pressure on governments, due to the limited public is recognised. However, with improved the community’s social services and and private service providers within their technologies and methodologies, the infrastructure. boundaries. Councils see their role as mechanisms used to deliver services in building sustainable local communities the future may not necessarily reflect Other community and providing the social structure of existing service delivery models. their respective local communities. Local hubs governments in these towns endeavour to Specialist respond proactively to community needs Other localities provide the focus for as they arise, regardless of which level of activity centre social interaction and services, often government traditionally has jurisdiction. centred on a school, church or sporting Birdsville facility. Due to their limited population In some cases, health services are run and service diversity, these community by non-resident medical services. These Specialist activity centres are precincts hubs are not classified as part of the centres have educational facilities, in of regional economic significance. They regional activity centres network. some cases to Year 10, police stations provide a primary focus for specialised with one officer, and a multiple economic activity. The core emphasis for government agency in some locations. Birdsville is the tourism industry, which They have access to a major rural activity results in high visitor numbers. centre and district rural activity centres. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 17

PART E—Regional policies and strategies

This section outlines the The policies are set out under Sustainability and climate change fundamental principles, policies the following headings: The overriding intent of the regional plan is to ensure the region grows and changes and desired regional outcomes 1. Natural environment that will guide planning and in a sustainable way. The challenge is to 2. Natural resources reduce the region’s ecological footprint, development assessment in the 3. Strong communities while enhancing the region’s economy and Central West over the next 20 4. Urban development people’s quality of life. years. 5. Economic development Since 1994, sustainable development The policies guide state and 6. Infrastructure. principles have been included in a range of Queensland’s legislative instruments, local government planning such as the Environmental Protection Act processes and decision making, Underlying principles 1994, the Integrated Planning Act 1997 as well as private investment and the Water Act 2000. The Queensland in the region. They also Government is also a signatory to the Ecological sustainability Intergovernmental Agreement on the assist the federal government Environment 1992 and the National Ecological sustainability is defined under Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable in determining funding the Integrated Planning Act 1997 as a Development 1992. priorities for natural resource balance that integrates: management under other The Queensland framework for • protection of ecological processes and ecologically sustainable decision making federally funded programs. natural systems at local, regional, state has been used to inform principles and national levels The regional plan is the primary and policies of the regional plan. The planning document in the • economic development framework comprises: Central West. Local government • maintenance of the cultural, physical and social wellbeing of people and • integrated and long-term decision planning schemes must be communities. making—incorporating long and short- consistent with the intent of term environmental, economic and The purpose of the Integrated Planning social considerations the desired regional outcomes, Act 1997 is to achieve ecological sustainability by coordinating and • inter-generational equity—ensuring that objectives and policies the health, diversity and productivity contained within this plan. integrating planning at the local, regional and state levels, managing the process by of the environment is maintained or which development occurs, and managing enhanced for the benefit of future the effects of development upon the generations environment. • intra-generational equity—ensuring a fair share of resources and opportunity among present generations 18 Central West Regional Plan

• an underlying precautionary principle— Table 1. Specific climate change projections for the Central West ensuring that where there are threats of serious or irreversible environmental damage, a lack of full scientific Increase in annual Number of days certainty is not used as a reason temperature (°C) greater than 35 °C for postponing measures to prevent (Region: Central West) (Location: Longreach) environmental degradation • conserving biological diversity and Present 112 ecological integrity—protecting the 2030 average variety of all life forms, their genetic 1.1 [0.8–1.6] 133 [126–144] (mid emissions) diversity and the ecosystem of which they form a part, recognising the 2070 average 1.9 [1.3–2.7] 149 [135–166] various services they provide to (low emissions) humans, as well as their intrinsic values 2070 average 3.6 [2.4–5.2] 185 [158–213] • internalising environmental costs— (high emissions) ensuring that the true costs and life-cycle costs (incurred from when (Source: CSIRO, baseline period 1971-2000) inputs are produced through to waste disposal) of protecting from, and restoring after environmental damage Toward Q2: Tomorrow’s Queensland On a national level, Australia no longer are reflected in the price of a product sets a target to cut Queensland’s carbon produces enough oil to meet the nation’s or service footprint by one-third through reduced needs. Australia and Queensland are waste, fuel and electricity use by 2020. therefore becoming more dependent on • engaged governance—ensuring broad Regional climate change actions for the imported oil and oil-based fuels, so that community involvement in decisions Central West will also be influenced by Queensland’s consumption (and that of and actions that affect its members. statewide and national climate change other states) is strongly linked to global Queenslanders are becoming increasingly initiatives and policies, including the supply and demand. As in many parts of concerned about climate change and its Queensland Government’s ClimateSmart the world, Central West communities and impacts. There is overwhelming scientific Strategy and the Commonwealth economic sectors are firmly structured evidence that human-induced climate Government’s proposed Carbon Pollution around an abundant supply of low-cost change is occurring, primarily due to Reduction Scheme. oil, which puts the region at risk from increasing concentrations of greenhouse changes in the supply and price of oil. gases in the atmosphere. Increased The state government web site at temperatures, decreased rainfall and www.climatechange.qld.gov.au provides Reducing travel by private vehicle is a increased severity of droughts are only the most up-to-date information on key component in achieving the Toward some of the expected changes. The the Queensland ClimateSmart Strategy Q2:Tomorrow’s Queensland target to expected changes in temperature and and provides links to other relevant cut the carbon footprint by one-third. rainfall are likely to affect the industries information. Given the region’s dependence on of the Central West region. vehicular transport and industries that are Responding to oil supply heavy users of oil-based fuels, such as International and Australian research agriculture, mechanisms that contribute Most of the world is now dependent on indicates that there are significant to the reduction of greenhouse emissions a diminishing number of oil-producing benefits in responding immediately to and reduce vulnerability to rising oil countries for their oil needs. The amount climate change, by both reducing the prices are incorporated throughout the of oil discovered each year peaked in the emission of greenhouse gases and policies in Part E of the regional plan. mid–1960s and has been falling steadily adapting to climate change impacts that since. Whilst oil production has been will occur regardless of global efforts to essentially stable since 2005, current reduce emissions. In simple terms, earlier rates of production are predicted to reduction of emissions and adaptation to decline within the next five years. climate change will mean fewer costs to economic growth and lifestyle. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 19

1. Natural environment

Desired regional outcome The area, function and value of the region’s terrestrial and aquatic natural assets are effectively protected and enhanced, and are resilient to climate change.

The region has a hot and dry climate The Georgina, Diamantina, Cooper Creek land will not be degraded or otherwise with highly variable rainfall. Rainfall is and Burdekin catchments make up the compromised through unsustainable land most likely to occur between December water catchment areas of the region. The management practices, or inappropriate and March. Temperatures range from –2°C Central West region is part of the Lake or unsympathetic infrastructure provision. to 49°C. Most of the region experiences Eyre Basin. The region’s 418 512 square more than 2.8 metres of evaporation kilometre area is part of the catchment The Central West’s environment and per annum, with extremes of up to for the world’s largest, internal drainage natural resources need to be managed 4 metres in drought years. While the system and is the same size as the sustainably in a coordinated, regional region’s flora and fauna are adaptable Murray-Darling system. approach, involving all stakeholders on a to irregular rainfall and flooding events, cooperative and equitable basis. the highly variable climate is one of the The Central West covers seven major challenges for both the pastoral biogeographic regions and is the most There is a need to ensure that natural industry and town communities. The diverse in Queensland. It ranges from resource access, allocation and use impact of climate change is a concern for eucalypt woodlands of the Desert Uplands throughout the Central West equitably the region, with projections of significant along the Great Dividing Range, through recognises all environmental, economic, moisture deficits. Even a small (1–2°C) to the Mitchell Grass Downs and the vast social and cultural values associated with rise in temperature can have a significant flood plains of the Channel Country, to its use. In particular, the strong cultural impact on biodiversity and natural the Simpson Desert dune fields. It also and spiritual values attached to the systems. This may place additional includes the Mount Isa Inlier, significant environment and its natural resources stresses on the productivity and ecology areas of Mulga Lands and a small part of by Indigenous people needs to be of the region. the Brigalow Belt South. recognised and considered in planning and management processes. The topography of the region is generally Compared with other regions in the state, flat and broken only by dissected, the biodiversity of the region is relatively The involvement of landholders, industry residual hills scattered through the region, undisturbed and well-adapted to coping and community needs to be encouraged with the exception of the Desert Uplands, with the variable climate of the region. through education and cooperative which encompasses part of the Great In the Channel Country, flooding plays a efforts. A mix of conservation and Dividing Range. Most of the geology in significant role in the life cycles of a large incentive measures should be considered the region is of sedimentary origin. These number of waterbird species. There are to meet landholder aspirations, as well sediments also form the beds of the also a large number of reptiles and birds as natural resources management and Great Artesian Basin, one of the world’s of prey found in the region. conversation objectives. largest, underground water resources. The Great Artesian Basin supports much of the Land-based resources are the key drivers urban population and grazing industry of of economic activity in the Central West. the region. Surface water supply in the Efficient planning and management of the region is limited by the short duration natural conservation areas and natural of stream flow (usually brief periods economic resources at the regional after heavy rainfall) and high rates of level is actively encouraged, to ensure evaporation. these resources are conserved and protected for future use. This means the 20 Central West Regional Plan

1.1 Land use policies Act 1999 provisions). Areas of general Ecological values ecological significance include other and biodiversity 1.1.1 Design and operate development areas containing remnant vegetation of for urban purposes within areas particular conservation value. of high ecological significance, to Parts of the region are significant habitat avoid impacts on ecological values. Corridors establish connections between for rare and threatened plant and animal Where avoidance is not possible, core areas of remnant vegetation and species, and for species of conservation minimise the impacts and then provide opportunities for biodiversity to concern. The Nature Conservation Act offset residual impacts. adapt to climate change. 1992 lists 55 animals and 67 plants in the region as having a status of 1.1.2 Design, operate and setback Clearing of remnant vegetation for endangered, vulnerable or rare. development for urban purposes rural development is regulated under adjacent to areas of high ecological the Vegetation Management Act 1999. There are 21 animals—10 mammals, significance, to avoid adverse While broad-scale clearing of remnant 6 birds, 1 reptile and 4 fish—and 19 impacts on the ecological values. vegetation for agriculture was prohibited plants in the region listed under the in 2006 under the Act, clearing for urban Commonwealth Environment Protection 1.1.3 Design and operate development purposes is not subject to the same level and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. for urban purposes in, or adjacent of control. As a consequence, the natural to, areas of general ecological environment policies of the regional plan The region incorporates a large part of the significance, to avoid, or where focus on protecting ecological values Desert Uplands bioregion, which straddles avoidance is not possible, minimise from impacts of urban development. the Desert Channels and the Burdekin any adverse impacts on ecological Urban development is broadly defined Dry Tropic regional natural resource values. and includes any non-rural use such management body areas. This bioregion as tourism, industrial or infrastructure is a declared biodiversity hotspot3. It is Aligned strategies development. home to 22 rare or threatened animals and 29 rare or threatened plants and 1.1.A Prioritise revegetation programs An environmental offset is a positive contains many water infiltration beds for to be undertaken within state and measure taken to counterbalance negative the Great Artesian Basin, which spans the regional conservation corridors or environmental impacts that cannot be Central West. degraded areas of high ecological otherwise avoided or minimised, to significance, using local and native ensure no net loss of impacted ecological Even relatively common species in the species in a mix that enhances values. An offset may be located within, Central West, such as some international ecological and habitat function. or outside of the development site, and migratory birds listed under international should be legally secured. Approval of an conventions such as the Japan-Australia 1.1.B Promote an understanding of the offset requires, in the first instance, that Migratory Birds Agreement or the China- Central West’s rich biodiversity and the government’s environmental standards Australia Migratory Birds Agreement, are how it can be conserved through are met. The Queensland Government’s considered to be of global conservation sound grazing land management Environmental Offsets Policy and Draft concern. Protection of wetland habitat for and property management planning. Policy for Biodiversity Offsets jointly these migratory species is crucial when provide a policy basis and offset considering conservation planning. Explanatory notes calculation methodology for achieving Objective The areas mapped as having high effective offsets. ecological significance are those areas To protect, manage and enhance that the state has identified as being of Land-management practices have the extent, diversity, condition and particular interest, within which specific potential to adversely impact on connectivity of the region’s natural areas, development controls are required, as biodiversity. In 2006, the Queensland in order to maintain ecological integrity shown in map 2. These areas of high Government passed legislation to phase and processes to reverse biodiversity ecological significance include wetlands, out broad-scale clearing of remnant decline and to increase resilience to the protected areas, endangered regional vegetation, to protect biodiversity, reduce expected impacts of climate change. ecosystems, essential habitat for greenhouse gas emissions, and manage endangered, vulnerable and rare species, economic and environmental problems and non-woody regional ecosystems (not such as soil degradation, erosion and protected by the Vegetation Management water quality.

3 It is one of 15 biodiversity hotspots across Australia, designated under the Australian Government’s National Biodiversity Hotspots Program. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 21

A small proportion of the region’s 1.2 Objective biodiversity is protected in national Watercourses park reserves. The most significant is and wetlands To manage the region’s river systems, the Diamantina catchment, with seven groundwater, wetlands and water national parks, and the Cooper Creek resources for sustainable use and the The health of waterways in the Central catchment, with five national parks. protection of dependent ecosystems and West is good, with relatively undisturbed water quality, in a changing environment. catchments, unregulated rivers and Management of the natural resources near natural flows. Grazing is the major in the Central West is the responsibility Land use policy agricultural industry. Accordingly, there is of many stakeholders, including currently no large-scale water extraction commonwealth, state and regional 1.2.1 Plan, design, construct and activity in the region. natural resource management bodies—for operate urban development to protect example, Desert Channels Queensland— environmental values and meet the water Wetland ecosystems of the region, in and landowners. quality objectives of the Environmental particular the Channel Country, are in Protection (Water) Policy 2008 for near pristine condition, and support Natural biodiversity provides ecosystems regional surface water, groundwater and exceptional biodiversity values. and landscapes with resilience against wetlands. extreme local events, and also provides There are trends in some ecosystems, useful products and critical services, however that may indicate decline. The Aligned strategies such as pollution breakdown, pest most commonly listed threats are: management and nutrient cycling. 1.2.A Support the development of • increased habitat fragmentation appropriate management plans to As part of Blueprint for the Bush, the protect or improve river systems, Queensland Government has commenced • excessive total grazing pressure groundwater and wetlands of sustainable land management programs. • stock watering significance.

Current programs and projects to achieve • feral animals 1.2.B Support the use of a range regional biodiversity benefits at property • unsustainable water extraction of mechanisms to protect, scale include: conserve, enhance and restore • weeds the environmental, social and • the Back on Track program—an • altered fire regimes economic values of river systems, initiative of the Department of • changed hydrology. groundwater and wetlands. Environment and Resource Management that guides species conservation and Many of these threats combine to Explanatory notes recovery, and prioritises Queensland’s affect riparian zones and wetland native species areas. Unmanaged tourism is resulting There has always been awareness about • recovery plans for specific species in impacts such as damage to stream water quality and available water supply identified as threatened vegetation, inappropriate waste disposal in the region. The Central West region and depletion of fish stocks at some of relies on surface water and groundwater • the Delbessie Agreement—one the more permanent waterholes in the for agriculture, stock water, town component of which awards longer region. Some of these are most evident in water, industry, mining, recreation and term leases over state land, to reward drought, when these areas become critical tourism. Maintenance of water quality improved management of biodiversity. refuges. and environmental flows is required to sustain dependent ecosystems. To The Central West has 23 wetlands avoid further environmental decline and recognised by the state and federal costly restorative measures, a whole- governments as being of national of-catchment management approach significance—17 within the Channel needs to be adopted in future resource Country, 2 within the Mitchell Grass management decisions affecting water Downs, 3 within the Desert Uplands quality. These measures will need to be and 1 within the Mulga Lands. These tailored to specific industries and include are recognised by the state and appropriate education and incentives, Commonwealth governments as being improved technologies, and water of national significance because of their monitoring programs. uniqueness or value to biodiversity conservation. Nationally significant wetlands include Lake Buchanan, Lake Galilee and Lake Yamma Yamma. 22 Central West Regional Plan

There are a number of government 1.3 Explanatory notes instruments, relevant to the Integrated Atmosphere Planning Act 1997, aimed at achieving and greenhouse gas The fourth assessment report of the ecologically sustainable management of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate water, waterways and wetlands. These emissions Change and current research indicate include: that there are significant benefits for Objective Queensland regions in responding early • Environmental Protection (Water) to climate change—to both mitigate and Policy 1997 Schedule 1 (environmental To manage the potential impact of climate adapt to future climate change. values and water quality objectives change and develop a regional approach for waters) and the Queensland to minimise greenhouse gas emissions. In February 2008, the Garnaut Climate Water Quality Guidelines 2006, which Change Review: Interim Report to the provide environmental values and Aligned strategies Commonwealth, State and Territory 5 water quality objectives for water Governments of Australia was released 1.3.A Manage greenhouse gas emission quality management and protection to assist with the development of a levels by: of aquatic ecosystems. The guidelines national and state emissions policy. The complement the National Water Quality Commonwealth Government is developing • promoting responsible management of Management Strategy a national emission trading scheme, with emissions its completion expected in late 2009. • regional vegetation management codes • developing mechanisms to ensure land The adoption of this emission trading for western bioregions, which provide use and natural resource management scheme is expected to create a national criteria for assessing development in processes consider the greenhouse carbon market in which carbon permits proximity to wetlands and waterways. effect and are consistent with the are bought and sold, by placing a price The Environmental Protection (Water) regional strategy on carbon. Policy 1997 is currently being reviewed • promoting alternative, renewable by the Department of Environment With climate change expected to cause energy sources and Resource Management and a state increased frequency of drought and planning policy (water quality) is also in • promoting economic instruments, decreasing rainfall, soil moisture and preparation. such as renewable energy sources and water availability, Queensland’s primary carbon trading. production is expected to decline by The Environmental Protection Agency 2030. The establishment of an emission guideline Best practice urban stormwater 1.3.B Consider the potential of gas, trading scheme would allow primary management - erosion and sediment geothermal and solar power- producers within the region who choose control, demonstrates how development based industries within the region, to revegetate, to sell the carbon offsets and its construction can achieve best- through industry research and generated through the carbon market. practice environmental management. This development of clean energy guideline replaces the Stormwater Quality technologies. Western Queensland regions have Control Guidelines for Local Government greater solar energy resources than any 1998. 1.3.C Develop solar towns, which other area in Queensland, with areas capitalise on western Queensland’s receiving significantly higher solar energy Water programs, such as those run plentiful solar energy resources. than coastal settlements. This provides by organisations like Desert Channels western Queensland settlements with the 4 Queensland, aspire to stabilise and 1.3.D Promote carbon sequestration opportunity to capitalise on solar energy improve the region’s water quality and through the development of through the establishment of solar towns, ecosystem health by 2050. The water forestry, grazing and responsible in which a part of the town’s energy programs aim to deliver integrated land management activities, to supply is met through solar energy. The outcomes that protect wetlands and offset carbon emissions as part Barcoo Shire Council and the Queensland aquatic ecosystems, prevent a decline of the carbon pollution reduction Government have already developed this in water quality, address point source scheme. concept in the town of Windorah. impacts and threatening processes, and promote sustainable use of the resource. 1.3.E Support regional responses to They also focus on progressively setting ensure local benefits from national catchment-scale water quality targets and state initiatives regarding based on best available information. greenhouse gas emissions.

4 Carbon sequestration refers to carbon removal. 5 Garnaut Climate Change Review - Interim Report to the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments of Australia 2008 at Part E–Regional policies and strategies 23

1.4 Air and acoustic • minimise greenhouse gas emissions Air and noise pollution is currently • adequately buffer intensive uses such managed under the Environmental environment as resource developments, intensive Protection Act 2008 and specific statutory protection agriculture and ‘hard-to-locate’ sport instruments of that Act, including: and recreation areas • Environmental Protection Objective • cater for energy-efficient, eco-friendly Regulation 2008 and climate sensitive design. • Environmental Protection (Air) Development is located and managed to Policy 2008 maintain or enhance the air and acoustic Explanatory notes environment, to support the health and • Environmental Protection (Noise) It is not always possible to eliminate well being of the community and natural Policy 2008. the effects of air and noise pollution. environment. Providing separation distances between This legislation establishes local, regional Land use policy industry and sensitive activities serves or state standards for air quality and to reduce the potential impacts of air acoustic quality. A state planning policy 1.4.1 New development adopts urban and noise pollution on health, amenity for air/noise is currently being developed design principles for both industrial and quality of life. Wherever possible, by the Department of Environment and and residential uses that: sensitive land uses such as residential Resource Management. The policy will development should be located away contain a hierarchy of planning and • make best use of available from industrial or intensive agricultural management tools to protect sensitive infrastructure land uses and major transport routes. land uses from the impacts of air and • minimise the impacts of air and noise noise emissions, and also to protect emissions so that environmental land uses that are known to produce standards for the air and acoustic emissions from the encroachment of environments are not exceeded at the sensitive land uses. The planning tools boundary of sensitive land uses will include separation distances and separation areas. 24 Central West Regional Plan

2. Natural resources

Desired regional outcome The values of the region’s natural resources are managed and secured to meet community needs and expectations in a sustainable way.

The Central West is rich in natural assets. adhering to Commonwealth and state Two extractive, key resource areas under These assets shape the way of life for government legislation. State Planning Policy 2/07 have been communities and the environment, and identified near Winton. The Bladensburg underpin local industries. The natural The potentially adverse effects of natural key resource area and Windermere areas integrity of most of the region is disasters need to be minimised by contain significant gravel and binding largely in place, reflecting that grazing appropriately locating, designing and soil resources respectively, which are production, when managed properly, can constructing development in areas subject necessary for district road construction positively co-exist with the underlying to natural hazards, to protect the integrity and maintenance. natural values of the area. of strategic infrastructure. Emergency planning needs to be coordinated at the The State Planning Policy 2/07, Protection The use and management of the region’s regional, subregional and local levels, of Extractive Resources, seeks to ensure land resources need to ensure that and involve all levels of government, non- that, as far as practicable, development the region’s long-term productivity and government agencies and the community. within a resource/processing area and natural resource values can be sustained. the separation of a key resource area Sustainable land management practices Sustaining natural and cultural assets is and the associated transport routes are required to ensure that impacts from recognised in Blueprint for the Bush as separation are all compatible with soil erosion, the introduction of pest a major initiative in achieving long-term existing or future extractive industries. species and the alteration of natural natural resource management. However, both the regional plan and State systems are adequately addressed. Planning Policy recognise that there are These management practices need to Three large sedimentary basins acceptable circumstances in which this be introduced through education and (Eromanga, Georgina and Galilee) outcome might not be achieved, namely, support programs, to ensure that they dominate the surface geology of the where there are existing development are implemented in such a way that also region that contains mineral, coal, commitments, or overriding public facilitates sustainable primary production. extractive and petroleum resources. interest for another use of the land. The Current mining activity is limited to regional plan and State Planning Policy Maintenance of biodiversity values extraction of gypsum south-west of also recognise that extractive industry provides ecosystems and landscapes Winton, and small-scale opal mining development in certain key resource areas with resilience against extreme events, over a broad arc extending from north- will need to comply with the requirements and provides useful products and west of Winton to south of Blackall. of the Vegetation Management Act 1999, critical ecosystem services, such as Large thermal coal resources, amenable particularly to avoid or mitigate any pollution breakdown, pest management to open-cut mining, lie north of Alpha. adverse impacts on state or regional and nutrient cycling. The challenge is Potentially significant shallow thermal biodiversity values. protecting environmental values for future coal resources are currently being mapped generations through sustainable land use for development south of Blackall. As some resources have not yet been management, while ensuring economic Sedimentary phosphate resources are fully explored in detail, the resource/ viability for the grazing, mining and present north-west of Boulia, and a processing area boundary may not tourism industries and local communities. large subsurface salt deposit has been accurately reflect the workable extractive identified 40 kilometres south of Blackall. resources. It is therefore possible that The Central West has picturesque extractive industry developments may landscapes and natural and human wealth Productive petroleum (oil and gas) occur in the existing separation area. that provides long-term social, economic fields to the south and south-west are Extractive industry development, however, and environmental benefits for residents, within sedimentary rocks that extend should only occur in the separation area visitors and future generations. into the region, which is currently where the function of the separation area being extensively explored. Significant is not compromised as a buffer. Areas of high environmental significance indications of hydrocarbons are found in need to be comprehensively identified the oil fields south of Blackall, coal seam Australia’s only operational, geothermal and managed, consistent with protecting gas north of Ilfracombe, and advanced oil power plant is in Birdsville. The plant’s the critical biodiversity values and shale projects located southeast of Alpha. current nominal capacity of 150 kilowatts Part E–Regional policies and strategies 25

is sufficient to provide the town’s entire 2.1.C Promote catchment-based, Proposed mining in the Galilee Basin electricity demand at night and during natural resource management has the potential to produce statewide winter periods. The region has significant programs, and the implementation social and economic benefits, for decades potential for hot rock geothermal energy of sustainable land and water to come. It will, however, also result associated with high heat–producing management techniques. in the need for increased management granites beneath the sedimentary basins. of environmental, social and economic Seven geothermal exploration permits 2.1.D Investigate opportunities for impacts on communities. Multiple have been lodged over a 4200 square the use of renewable resources proposals for new and expanding mining kilometre area south-west of Winton. throughout the region. development and related activities have led to increasing concerns about the 2.1.E Encourage communities to cumulative impacts and appropriate 2.1 Land and natural become actively involved in, and means of mitigation. responsible for, natural resources resource use and and environmental management. The regional plan, together with the management Sustainable Futures Framework for Queensland Mining Towns and the Explanatory notes Sustainable Resources Communities Objectives Policy released by the state government Ecological values in the region are in 2007 and 2008 respectively, addresses • To develop and manage land and generally considered to be in good these impacts for future needs through a natural resources for present and future condition. The most commonly listed range of policies and strategies. uses across the region. threats to the biodiversity and ecology • To adopt a coordinated, regional of the region are: The policies and strategies outlined in the approach to sustainable management Sustainable Futures Framework focus on • increased habitat fragmentation of the region’s natural resources. improving the gathering of quantifiable • total grazing pressure information about the mining industry, to Land use policy • feral animals support regional planning, address land use implications of individual projects 2.1.1 Identify land resources required • weeds and build capacity at a local government for agricultural, mining, extractive • altered fire regimes level, to help to manage these impacts. industry and other sustainable • changed hydrology economic development opportunities in local planning • climate change instruments, in order to provide • salinity certainty and protect the region’s landscape and natural resource • mining values. • unmonitored visitor numbers to tourist sites.

Aligned strategies

2.1.A Promote a regional approach to raise awareness of, develop and implement measures for environmental conservation, management and use of natural resources among government, industry, academia and the community.

2.1.B Ensure processes for management and allocation of the region’s natural resources consider the environment, economic and social values, as well as stakeholders’ interests. 26 Central West Regional Plan

The Lake Eyre Basin Intergovernmental Explanatory notes 2.2 Water Agreement is a joint undertaking of management the Australian Government and state Regional water supply strategies are governments of Queensland, South developed by the Department of Australia and the Northern Territory. The Environment and Resource Management. The discovery of the Great Artesian goal of the agreement is to ensure the Strategies identify the strategic direction Basin has been of great importance to sustainability of the Lake Eyre Basin river for water supply planning and demand the development of rural industries and systems and, in particular, to avoid or in a region, over a 50-year period. These towns in western Queensland. In many eliminate crossborder impacts on water strategies may influence water resources areas, artesian water has traditionally resources. within the region. been allowed to flow uncontrolled from bores into open drains and creeks for Under the agreement, Queensland The rivers, floodplains and associated stock to drink. Even in well-maintained must avoid or eliminate any adverse wetlands of the Channel Country in the drains, up to 95 per cent of the water is crossborder impacts, as far as reasonably Cooper/Diamantina catchments are a lost through evaporation and seepage. practicable. unique asset to the region. The existing business ventures in the far west of the A framework for groundwater resource region rely on the current ecological allocation and management in the Great Objective health of these waterways for organic Artesian Basin is now provided under beef production, and as a tourism the Water Resource (Great Artesian To develop and manage water for present attractor. Basin) Plan 2006 and the Great Artesian and future uses in an equitable manner. Basin Resource Operations Plan6. It aims Developments that endanger this balance to ensure the long-term sustainable will cause long-term economic and management of this resource, including Land use policies ecological problems for the permanent the protection of existing users, the residents of this isolated area of environment, and investments made 2.2.1 Development does not adversely Queensland. under capping and piping programs. affect the environmental water flows, Under the water resource plan, access including groundwater supplies The regional plan acknowledges that to limited amounts of new groundwater and flood plains of the region, but the Department of Environment and may be available in accordance with instead, maintains flow integrity and Resource Management has developed the established criteria. The plan also quality. water resource plans for the Central West covers the protection of springs, the region.7 These include: capture of water for existing use, and the 2.2.2 Adopt demand management maintenance and improvement of long- principles in the planning, design • Water Resource (Cooper Creek) Plan term trends in water pressure. and construction of water cycle 2000 infrastructure, including water • Water Resource (Georgina and The Great Artesian Basin Sustainability supply, sewage and drainage Diamantina) Plan 2004 Initiative is addressing management systems. issues of the Great Artesian Basin, with • Water Resource (Great Artesian Basin) the capping of free-flowing bores and Plan 2006 piping of open bore drains. The regional Aligned strategies • Lake Eyre Basin Intergovernmental plan can play a role by supporting the 2.2.A Support the development and Agreement following initiatives: implementation of water efficiency, • resource operations plans. • continuing the bore rehabilitation water demand and water quality program management strategies for industry, community and other users. • ensuring new development does not negatively impact current users or the 2.2.B Ensure continued security and sustainability of the resource accessibility of water supply. • ensuring opportunities for rangeland conservation and biodiversity 2.2.C Use water consumption targets for enhancement are considered in relation water supply planning and financial to bore capping. assessment purposes.

2.2.D Promote water use efficiency by encouraging water efficiency technologies and practices.

6 Department of Environment and Resource Management, Great Artesian Basin water resource planning at 7 Water resource planning at Part E–Regional policies and strategies 27

The Great Artesian Basin is a major Explanatory notes contributor to water security in the 2.3 Pest management region. This source of water beneficially Queensland’s vegetation management provides water for towns, industry, framework regulates the clearing of grazing and natural springs. In the Objective native vegetation. It addresses land past, groundwater extraction has been degradation problems such as salinity, To manage animals and plants that unsustainable. As a result, falls in bore soil degradation, erosion and declining are known pests, to protect present head pressure, drying up of springs and water quality. and future land use and economic land degradation from free-flowing bores opportunities. and drains are common problems. Under the framework, the Queensland Government ended the broad-scale Prolonged drought periods, uncertainty clearing of remnant vegetation in regarding the impact of climate change Aligned strategies December 2006. Vegetation clearing and variability of water supplies all is, however, still allowed for certain 2.3.A Prevent and monitor exposure purposes. highlight the need for adaptive water to exotic and introduced pests, management regimes that are responsive weeds and diseases in the region, Clearing native vegetation for weed to improved understanding of climate through the combined efforts of and competing uses of water in order to or pest management is one of the government, industry, community purposes for which landholders can apply support ecological functions and meet and landholders. human consumption. for development approval. Under the vegetation management framework, the 2.3.B Support responsible pest The continued delivery of water to natural term ‘weeds’ also includes non-native management strategies that protect plants that are not declared. systems and users depends on the the environment and the productive maintenance of both natural (wetlands, capacity of natural resources, springs, waterways and aquifers) and Pests are weeds or pest animals declared communities, industries and under the Land Protection (Pest and built (storage, pumping facilities and businesses. reticulation systems) infrastructure. Stock Route Management) Act 2002. 2.3.C Improve the community’s ability There are three classes of declared pests to manage, and where possible, under this Act. These pests are targeted eliminate pest weeds and animals, for control, because they cause, or have in a manner consistent with potential to cause, serious economic, endorsed pest or biosecurity environmental or social impacts. management plans or strategies. 28 Central West Regional Plan

3. Strong communities

Desired regional outcome Retain the sense of identity in the region’s rural and remote communities, and support and encourage healthy and viable rural enterprise that enhances the interdependence and liveability of these communities.

At the time of Federation in 1901, almost the next 5 to 10 years (see projected 15 to 3800 people. The rest are widely eight per cent of Queensland’s population population at figure 3). It is also difficult scattered across extensive pastoral lived in western Queensland. The share of to gain an overview of how changing country. While the region’s 900 Indigenous Queensland’s population currently living in economic conditions, population residents are spread throughout, most the western area has fallen to around 0.4 characteristics and population movements live in the west and north-west, the per cent. influence population size. In vast areas latter being home to several Indigenous with sparse population, however, it is communities. Currently, the Central West is experiencing important to understand which parts of a population decline or stagnation. the population are declining and which Based on statistical data from the Reasons for the decline vary, but include parts are growing, in order to allocate Australian Bureau of Statistics, Central drought, high costs of housing, poor resources, services and infrastructure. West Queensland experienced an average transport infrastructure, changes in The region’s small towns and centres annual decline in population of 1.6 property management practices and need support from well-informed planning per cent, between 2001 and 2006. In increased urbanisation of communities on decisions to service their own populations comparison, Queensland experienced an Queensland’s coast. and that of the surrounding rural and average annual growth rate of 2.4 per remote areas. cent during the same period. It is difficult to plan for a declining population, however, with the expected More than 60 per cent of the region’s resource development in the Galilee Basin, 12 535 inhabitants live in 19 towns (see there is a small increased projection over figure 5), with populations ranging from Part E–Regional policies and strategies 29

Figure 3. Population projections to 2031 Figure 4. Urban and rural population 1976–2006

16,000 18,000

16,000 15,000 14,000

14,000 12,000

13,000 10,000 Persons 8,000 Persons 12,000 6,000

11,000 4,000

2,000 10,000 2006 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 -

High Medium Low 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006

(Source: Planning Information and Forecasting Unit 2008) Rural Urban (Source: Planning Information and Forecasting Unit 2008)

Figure 5. Population in urban centres and rural localities 1971–2006 Figure 6. Estimated resident population 1995–2006 12,000 14,000

10,000 13,800 13,600 8,000 13,400 13,200 6,000 13,000 12,800 Persons 4,000 12,600 12,400 2,000 12,200 12,000 - 11,800 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Winton Tambo (L) Longreach Boulia (L) (Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth Australia, Blackall Barcaldine Aramac (L) Alpha (L) 1996–2006, cat. no. 3218.0)

(Source: Planning Information and Forecasting Unit 2008)

Due to the region’s projected average Council and Winton Shire Council will Since the end to both the labour-intensive annual population growth rate between have the next highest populations, in that early days of the pastoral industry and 2006 and 2031 (0.3 per cent) being lower order. the boom of the 1950s, the population than for Queensland (1.7 per cent), the of the region has generally been in region’s share of Queensland’s population Data from the 2006 census indicated that steady decline. Increased mechanisation is projected to decrease to 0.2 per cent 87.9 per cent of the region’s residents and tighter margins in the pastoral by 2031. were born in Australia. Approximately industry have led to a smaller workforce, 6.4 per cent of the population identified with fewer employment opportunities Boulia Shire Council is projected to themselves as being of Aboriginal or for young people. In addition, there experience the highest rate of growth. Torres Straight Islander descent. is less willingness among young Longreach Regional Council is expected people to accept the financial burden to remain the region’s major centre, Both rural and town communities are and uncertainty of land ownership. increasing its share of the regional dominated by the pastoral industry. If the Consequently, the average age of population from 34.5 per cent in 2006 rural sector experiences economic decline, landholders has increased and many next- to 36.9 per cent by 2031. Barcaldine the towns’ businesses are proportionately generation primary producers have left Regional Council, Blackall-Tambo Regional affected. the area. This, coupled with improvement in roads and vehicles, has seen a major 30 Central West Regional Plan

change in the traditional, small and In recent years, agribusinesses have Aligned strategies localised community. Once, residents purchased grazing enterprises and travelled a rough and dusty one-hour managed them remotely. This has 3.1.A Coordinate a major regional events trip to a central meeting place for sport, changed the dynamics of the grazing program that fosters community dances or a social event. Now, residents industry, from family operations to single values and enhances community can readily access a centre with modern or couple caretakers. In some instances character. amenities on a smooth, air-conditioned there is no one at all in residence. For drive of the same duration. One of the this traditional pastoral community, the 3.1.B Encourage working groups that consequences is an increase in visitation upside has been the surge of interest promote the region and include to larger centres and a decrease in local from coastal fringe Australians in leaders within government, industry events, such as gymkhanas and picnic connecting with their cultural roots, and and community sectors. races, which were once held several times exploring the outback and its ethos. a year. Over the past two decades, tourism has Explanatory notes emerged as a significant industry and, in The development of sustainable economic some councils, has overtaken grazing as opportunities and improved lifestyles Table 2. Estimated resident population, the biggest income generator. are instrumental to addressing regional Central West Region, June 2006 population decline.

It is important for the region’s residents Local Government Area 2006 ERP 3.1 Regional lifestyle to have a say in economic and social development. This will allow the Central Barcaldine (R) 3462 Objectives West to develop as a region in its own right, and not simply as a subregion of Barcoo (S) 383 • To enhance the liveability, character and Central Queensland. safety of the region through planned Blackall-Tambo (R) 2138 development. Liveability equates to the provision Boulia (S) 450 • To promote the region as a distinct of services and the level of amenity economic, cultural and social entity that of a centre. To encourage population Diamantina (S) 302 reflects the image of the region as a growth, it is important to ensure that custodian of Australian history. developments enhance the liveability of Longreach (R) 4326 • To ensure the region continues to be rural and remote communities. respected and has an easily recognised Winton (S) 1474 image, while maintaining existing local Walking tracks and parklands provide identities. safe, well-lit areas for residents to interact Total 12 535 and exercise, contributing to the mental Land use policies and physical health of the community. R- Regional Council Some centres have developed walking S- Shire Council 3.1.1 Ensure new major residential and cycling links, and they now play a developments in larger centres significant part in short-distance transport (Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia, 1996–-2006, cat. no. provide or contribute to the and contribute to healthy lifestyle choices 3218.0) provision of a healthy lifestyle, for residents. parkland, open space and recreation areas. In large developments, it is appropriate Over the last decade, the shift from that the relevant planning scheme sheep to cattle has been a major factor 3.1.2 Ensure new major residential includes provisions to ensure that the in population decline. Not only is less developments in centres have character and amenity of the centre is labour required on the farm, the flow-on provision for walking and cycling maintained. The regional plan, however, effects to towns that were once home to connections within the development does not intend to define small or large hundreds of shearers and other sheep and surrounding land uses, and development. industry workers has been severe. that established residential areas also support active travel. The number of shearing teams that can find permanent work in the region has 3.1.3 New development in regional dropped by about 75 per cent. This fall and rural activity centres avoids has brought with it a reduced cash flow locations that are subject to natural within the community. or physical hazards. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 31

• schools should prepare students for a 3.2 Leadership, 3.3 Social justice culturally diverse and knowledge-based networks and and safety society, in line with change brought about by advanced communications, coordination global markets and international Objective competition. Education and training Objective To meet the current and future needs of activities encourage the development of regional communities through coordinated holistic lifelong learning concepts at the To share and exchange resources between and timely planning and provision of early stages. government and non-government agencies social services and facilities. Increased support for these services to enhance opportunities for extending will greatly assist the region to meet its services to communities. Aligned strategies potential, in terms of community health and social justice, over the next 20 years. Aligned strategies 3.3.A Continue to build a strong partnership approach to crime A wide range of housing types and 3.2.A Investigate avenues to support prevention among police, supporting social facilities are required growth, productivity and prosperity government agencies and to meet various community needs, within the region. community groups in the region, including crisis accommodation and the including programs that target 3.2.B Establish processes for government requirements of special needs groups. youths at risk. and non-government organisations Social housing is currently provided to increase coordination in the 3.3.B Provide adequate crisis and short- to clients who meet the eligibility delivery of services. term accommodation to meet requirements of the Queensland identified needs. 3.2.C Develop and maintain an Government’s One Social Housing System, which offers housing options for a integrated, regional information 3.3.C Review support programs and range of household types on the lowest system with comprehensive improve service delivery for people incomes. economic, environmental, social and at risk, to facilitate responses that infrastructure data that facilitates meet identified needs. informed decision making. 3.3.D Planning schemes contain 3.4 Cultural values Explanatory notes provisions that encourage development of a range of An adequately resourced, community- Heritage places and landscapes of cultural accommodation types and based policy-making structure is needed. significance, either in built form or natural supporting social facilities. This structure may involve collaboration sites, are of immense importance to between government human services Explanatory notes the community. The Central West has a agencies to develop holistic responses diverse range of historic settlements and to community needs from the local to Whole-of-community solutions must be occupations from mining to agricultural regional levels. emphasised for prevention and early activities. The regional plan notes the intervention, to help individuals and significance of recognising and conserving The capacity of community-based families obtain a better quality of life. all forms of culture, including natural, organisations to improve service delivery social and built cultural heritage. can be strengthened, by identifying The Central West is facing challenges in opportunities to network and collaborate the area of health and education. In order Objective with government, other community to meet these challenges, the Regional The Central West’s unique identity and groups, education, training and business Coordination Committee believes that: organisations. Collaboration can have cultural heritage values are identified, a number of benefits for organisations, • improving health service delivery protected and maintained. including the sharing of overhead costs. within the region requires a stronger primary health care focus, Land use polices The Regional Managers’ Coordination recruitment and retention of a range 3.4.1 Identify heritage places in local Network and Regional Ministerial of medical, specialist and allied health government planning schemes. Forums are mechanisms that could be professionals, as well as the effective further utilised to drive action across use of technology and other models 3.4.2 Development on, or in proximity government agencies, and the exchange that can enhance service coverage, to heritage places, does not of information across the region. particularly in remote areas compromise the cultural heritage significance of those places. 32 Central West Regional Plan

Aligned strategies Historical themes for Central West—non- • Sites associated with the historical Indigenous development of the Central West, 3.4.A Local governments are encouraged including the union movement, the to identify places of cultural Using the Land development of air travel and wool heritage significance through scouring—namely, the Australian a heritage survey, utilising key • Beef industry—success and prosperity Worker’s Heritage Centre, the Qantas historical themes for Central West from channel country grazing Founder’s Museum and the Blackall Queensland. • Wool industry—evidence of success Wool Scour. and prosperity as a result of the wool 3.4.B Support the management and industry, for example, Australia’s largest preservation of cultural heritage shearing shed. 3.5 Indigenous values of all significant places. Working cultural heritage 3.4.C Support the development of a regional arts and culture strategy • The development of the trade union Objective that aims to protect, exhibit movement and the Australian Labour and promote the unique cultural Party through the actions of the To recognise Aboriginal people’s heritage values of the region. shearers during the shearing strike. association with the environment and ensure Aboriginal cultural heritage is Explanatory notes Moving people, goods and information managed in an appropriate and sensitive manner. Non-Indigenous cultural heritage includes • Railway—the Central West vividly artefacts, places and buildings that illustrates the impacts on opening and Land use policy are commonly of European origin. The developing the interior by providing major piece of historic cultural heritage 3.5.1 Ensure that planning instruments transport for goods and services and legislation is the Queensland Heritage Act undertake measures to protect access to coastal ports. 1992. Development of a place registered items and places of Aboriginal under the Queensland Heritage Act 1992 • Air transport—the birth of Queensland cultural importance already is assessable development. and Northern Territory Aerial Service identified by local and state (Qantas commercial airlines in Central agencies. This Act also requires local government West). to keep a local heritage register listing Aligned strategies places of cultural heritage significance Building settlements, towns, cities and in its local government area. The dwellings 3.5.A Incorporate appropriate mechanisms Queensland Heritage Regulation 2003 to acknowledge and respond to includes a Local Heritage Place Code, • Use of stone as a building material, for cultural heritage and native title which is an Integrated Development example, historic stone homesteads. issues in decision making and Assessment System code for development Places of cultural heritage significance administrative processes. on a local heritage place. • Sites associated with nineteenth 3.5.B Encourage the sharing of cultural The Department of Environment and century settlements established information and resources between Resource Management is currently to serve the pastoral industry—in all stakeholders, subject to cultural undertaking a statewide survey of particular, ruins of former settlements protocols, intellectual property Queensland’s heritage places. Key and coaching stops. rights and privacy rights. historical themes that are relevant to the Central West have been identified • Sites illustrating the importance of rail 3.5.C Facilitate the engagement of in the Queensland Cultural Heritage transport in developing the Central Aboriginal people in natural Places Context Study—reported to the West, in particular, railway stations in resource and environmental Environmental Protection Agency, and Central West towns. management, as well as facets of these themes should be used by a local • Stone buildings in the Central West— planning. government when undertaking a local these are significant, because stone heritage survey of its area. has only been used infrequently in 3.5.D Recognise Aboriginal cultural and Queensland in the construction of spiritual values as being intrinsic buildings. For example, a small but to natural values, and incorporate significant group of buildings in Central them into environmental and West were constructed in stone, natural resource management. including homesteads at Darr River 3.5.E Facilitate appropriate training of Downs, Cork, Elderslie, Oondooroo, and staff involved in cultural heritage Cacoory. planning and management. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 33

Explanatory notes 3.6.C Planning schemes incorporate 3.6 Sport and cycling and walking facilities, in The Queensland Government strengthened recreation line with Queensland Transport’s the protection, conservation and TravelSmart initiative. management of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural heritage through Objective Explanatory notes the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act To meet the current and future needs of 2003 and Torres Strait Islander Cultural The provision of connected pedestrian regional communities through coordinated Heritage Act 2003. This legislation and cyclist networks in communities, and timely planning and provision of recognises and protects the rights of enables safe and efficient access, and sport and recreation facilities. Indigenous people. It establishes a encourages walking and cycling as a travel choice. The layout and design of statutory duty of care for all individuals Aligned strategies and organisations to not harm Indigenous communities has a significant impact cultural heritage. 3.6.A Enhance the importance of sport on choice of travel mode. Incremental and the arts in programs for and fragmented development makes it The Central West region forms the country establishing personal development, difficult to build communities that support of the Bidjara, Birra, Dharawara, Guwa, combating crime, improving pedestrians and cyclists. Well connected Iningai, Jirandali, Karuwali, Kuungkari, health levels, creating a culture and accessible networks for cyclists Maiawali, Mithaka, Pitta Pitta, Waluwarra, of learning, and developing and pedestrians can save travel time, Wangkamana, Yagalingu, Yanda, productive, committed and costs, and reduce green house emissions Yarluyandi and Yirandali Traditional Owner responsible individuals. through reduced motorised vehicle travel. groups. It is vital to the implementation of this regional plan that the links 3.6.B Identify unique sporting and Sport and recreation planning is between natural resources, Indigenous cultural advantages and market constrained by competing interests and a cultural heritage and the health of the them outside the region. lack of understanding of long-term trends. country are recognised. A coordinated, regional approach to sport and recreation is required to establish regional priorities.

3.7 Community involvement and capacity building

Objective

To recognise and support the contribution and value of community organisations.

Aligned strategies

3.7.A Recognise volunteer community organisations as essential in providing valuable community services, and encourage and support their continued operation and involvement in the region.

3.7.B Improve the effectiveness of volunteer emergency service providers, such as rural fire brigades and the State Emergency Service, by providing resources and through efforts to attract and retain volunteers. 34 Central West Regional Plan

3.7.C Develop opportunities to enhance 3.8.G Share outcomes of social impact the role of partnerships between 3.8 Advancing assessments through regional public, community and private the region forums and groups to ensure a organisations in the delivery of greater understanding of the social services to assist volunteers to impacts of new mining, petroleum Objective meet community expectations. and gas developments. To develop the capacity of local Explanatory notes communities to advance the region. Explanatory notes These aligned strategies have been The Department of Infrastructure and Aligned strategies developed through community Planning will provide leadership in driving consultation and to meet the Queensland 3.8.A Develop processes that encourage regional development by: Government’s Toward Q2 initiative. strategic partnerships between leaders of public, private and non- • establishing a social impact assessment According to the 2006 census Basic profit organisations in the region. function in government to enable a Community Profile B18 (usual residents whole–of–government response to aged 15 years and over), more than a 3.8.B Build regional capability by applications for new and expanded third of residents of the Central West developing training, mentoring and mining and petroleum developments. Statistical Division indicated they did leadership capacity for youth, and • assisting in preparing social impact voluntary work for an organisation, develop a succession plan for the plans to be implemented as a condition compared to 19 per cent of residents in region’s future leadership. of mining tenure, where appropriate. the Brisbane Statistical Division. 3.8.C Provide support and professional • developing a major housing policy to The dedicated involvement of volunteers development opportunities for the address the availability and supply within each community in the Central education workforce, to respond to of housing for major projects, and to West has long been recognised by locals community needs and to provide guide investment in the provision of as imperative for providing services and educational leadership to regional housing. maintaining social infrastructure in the communities. The Sustainable Resource Communities region. Volunteer groups such as State Policy includes a partnership agreement Emergency Service, Rural Fire Service, 3.8.D Hold forums between regional aimed at strengthening links between all Country Women’s Association, Landcare, representatives of state and local levels of government. The policy will also St Vincent De Paul, Red Cross, sporting government offices to enhance underpin the guidelines for the social groups, fellowship groups and many more regional planning and outcomes, impact assessment of all new major are common to all communities in the and to promote the regional mine expansions and petroleum and gas region. significance of state actions and development. programs. Partnership group 3.8.E The region’s community organisations continue to explore The Sustainable Resource Communities innovative ways of providing or Partnership Agreement will be maintaining desired levels of social implemented by a partnership group services. that comprises representatives from the state government, the regional councils 3.8.F Use social research conducted as of Roma, Dalby, Banana, Isaac and part of social impact assessment Central Highlands, the Local Government processes, to assist local and Association of Queensland and the state government in guiding Queensland Resources Council. future development decisions and strategic planning for resource The initial focus of the agreement is communities8. on those particular areas in the Bowen and Surat Basins that are undergoing rapid growth, as a result of resource development. It is intended that councils in the North West minerals province, and other regional councils in the Bowen, Galilee and Surat Basins that can

8 Resource communities are those local or regional communities that depend on, or are affected by, mineral extraction and associated activities including petroleum and gas proposals. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 35

demonstrate the impacts of rapid growth, Explanatory notes will be included in the partnership group 3.9 Promoting health at a later date. Due to the rapid growth and wellbeing Social infrastructure is a broad term in these particular areas, the partnership encompassing all aspects of social group is currently considering projects services planning and delivery. Social Objective that would support the Sustainable infrastructure includes: Resource Communities Policy. To plan and coordinate the effective • collaborative planning and provision of community infrastructure to developmental structures and processes Social impact assessments are enhance lifestyle, health and education. undertaken by proponents of major new • hard, physical components such as and expanded mining and petroleum Aligned strategies buildings developments, as part of the application • service delivery functions undertaken and approval process for the granting 3.9.A Investigate options to encourage by health care professionals, including of mining and petroleum tenures. These public-private partnerships, ambulance services, teachers, assessments are required as part of to resource services to local community service organisations and existing environmental impact statement communities. government. processes under the Environmental Protection Act 1994 and under the 3.9.B Investigate options to provide Queensland Health identifies with the State Development and Public Works flexible education and training principles of universal service obligations. Organisation Act 1971, for projects programs that are locally, culturally Queensland Health is currently planning declared to be significant projects under and socially appropriate, to a suite of health services to provide safe the Acts. maintain high-quality health and sustainable services to small rural services throughout the region. and remote communities. The social research conducted by resource companies as part of a social impact 3.9.C Develop new models of health The range of services offered will need assessment is expected to provide care delivery and policy to address the needs of the community, government with improved information recommendations to improve be linked to services provided in larger on the cumulative social impacts of services, such as visiting specialists communities, and be delivered in a safe mining and petroleum developments on to rural communities. and sustainable way. communities. This information is critical 3.9.D Communities are actively involved for guiding future development decisions Key health services that are currently in the planning of health services, and strategic planning for resource funded by Queensland Health for the to ensure these services are communities for land use, service delivery Central West communities are provided 9 responsive to the needs of those and infrastructure requirements . out of the activity centres of Longreach, who use them. Alpha, Aramac, Barcaldine, Blackall, The state government, in partnership Boulia, Isisford, Jundah, Muttaburra, with industry and local government, is 3.9.E Deliver services through effective Tambo, Windorah, Winton, Yaraka and committed to strengthening social impact partnership arrangements between Bedourie. Longreach is the key health assessment in the mining and petroleum agencies and sectors that make an service provider for the Central West. A industries, through the Sustainable important contribution to health. primary level of emergency services is Resource Communities Policy. The policy accessible at all activity centres within the includes initiatives that aim to build 3.9.F Continue to develop close working region. equitable and sustainable resource relationships and partnerships communities. among health, education, welfare, legal and other professional Longreach hospital is the main hub of areas and the local community, to health services for the Central West, with address locally identified health a number of services available, including needs. those provided by visiting Brisbane specialist teams and services for the management of low risk pregnancies. It also has the capacity to manage some complex birthing, through its network of flying obstetric and gynaecological service providers.

9 Sustainable Resource Communities Policy – Social Impact Assessment in the Mining and Petroleum Industries 2008 36 Central West Regional Plan

Visiting service providers such as the Royal Flying Doctor Service (RFDS) provide services including:

• health promotion programs • occupational therapy • social work services.

The service delivery of these programs varies across the region, with services offered daily in some centres, while others range from weekly to annual visits.

It should be noted that future service decisions will be guided by changes in need, demand, service models, workforce and other parameters.

Queensland Health is not the only service provider of health services. Queensland Health regularly reviews the range of services and also works with partners to ensure the provision of health services across the region. The suite of services offered may, in some cases, be delivered through partnerships with existing organisations such as the Division of General Practice, Queensland Police, Education Queensland, Department of Community Safety, Royal Flying Doctor Service and other community organisations. Consultation has occurred, and will continue to occur, with both the community stakeholders and service providers to determine sustainable service options.

Queensland Health now has 15 health service districts. The role of these districts is to plan and deliver health services in the following areas:

• promotion, protection and prevention • primary health care • aged care • ambulatory health care • acute in-patient care • rehabilitation and extended care • mental health • health services for people with a disability • Indigenous health • multicultural health • infrastructure and assets. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 37

4. Urban development

Desired regional outcome A well-planned region that has diverse, quality and affordable housing options supported by an appropriate level of infrastructure to complement the rural lifestyle of the region.

The Central West has 19 centres that vary had jurisdiction. The region’s councils as executives, engineers, doctors and in size and which service the region’s are far more than just local service academic staff. grazing industry and provide community providers—they are an integral part of infrastructure, including community halls, their communities. Local governments Industrial uses are generally located on sporting facilities, postal services, hotels in the region do significantly more than the outskirts of the towns, with good and convenience shopping. These centres simply deliver a range of traditional local links to the highway network for freight are of regional importance, due to their government services and implement provision and access to markets. ability to generate social capital and the regulatory requirements of the state wellbeing for their residents. Aramac’s government. They help build sustainable The regional settlement pattern needs to Harry Redford Cattle Drive, the Birdsville local communities and provide the social fully consider economic, environmental, Races and Winton’s Outback Festival are fabric of their communities. social and infrastructure factors and examples of events that generate this manage any development, based on the social capital. The regional centre and towns of the best and most efficient use of available Central West have managed to retain infrastructure and land. The Central West’s local governments a ‘small country town’ feel, with their provide many services that fall outside central business districts focused on Environmental, visual and natural the usual responsibilities of the majority the main street. The vast majority of resource values must be protected from of local governments. This is due to residential housing is single, detached adverse and unplanned development. the limited public and private service housing, with some multi-unit dwellings The region needs to provide a range of providers within their boundaries. Local available. The region will need to develop lifestyle choices in appropriate locations, government has usually endeavoured to a more diverse range of affordable with efficient access to the regional centre respond to community needs as they housing options, supported by an and towns. have arisen or been identified, regardless appropriate level of infrastructure, that of which level of government traditionally attracts high-end service providers such 38 Central West Regional Plan

4.1.3 Ensure that adequate amounts of Residential areas need to be protected 4.1 Urban structure suitable serviced land for industry from high-impact use areas, such as high- and settlement and commercial purposes are impact industry and intensive agriculture. identified in accordance with the This will protect residents’ health, intent of the regional activity economic values and environmental Objective centres network. sustainability for the long term. • To support regional growth, particularly within locations that can be efficiently Aligned strategy When coal mining commences in the serviced by infrastructure and are the areas of Alpha and Jericho, rail and 4.1.A Ensure new infrastructure and logical extension of existing centres road infrastructure will need to be service provision recognises the to ensure a continued high level of upgraded. Staff for these projects will regional activity centres network. amenity. require accommodation, which will need to be constructed or purchased. Explanatory notes • To provide opportunities for the Planning schemes will need to have sustainable development of urban The regional plan does not contain any flexible planning provisions to manage centres with timely and appropriate regulatory provisions or urban footprint development and accommodate the infrastructure. maps that would restrict development. additional growth. It is important that all The policies and aligned strategies in this stakeholders continue to be consulted Land use policies plan, together with the designation of the in the review of these plans, so that rural activity centres, will help guide the projected growth can be included in long- 4.1.1 Development occurs in an orderly location and development of any current term planning. manner, in accordance with the or future projects in the region. intent of the regional activity centres network. Changes in centres are most likely to be influenced by economic conditions and 4.1.2 Appropriate land use planning and socio-economic factors. design ensures that residential areas are protected from uses that A strong, viable regional centre and town have adverse impacts on amenity. needs to be planned and supported, to assist in consolidating urban areas and provide a network to support economic growth in the region. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 39

4.3.2 Design and planning for residential Land use policy 4.2 Urban character development respond to the and form climatic conditions of the region, 4.4.1 Development is not located in areas encourage innovation, maximise that are at risk of being affected by liveability and emphasise energy natural hazards. Objective efficiency. Aligned strategies To plan and design urban centres 4.3.3 Housing options in residential that encompass modern urban design 4.4.A Ensure the region’s disaster areas of rural centres offer a range strategies. management practices mitigate and mix of dwelling types, sizes the impact of natural disaster and locations, to meet future Land use policies on the community, development, demographic needs. infrastructure and the environment, 4.2.1 Development enhances the image by including strategies to raise of the region’s towns as custodians Aligned strategies awareness of the implications of of Australian history. 4.3.A Investigate and support the inappropriate development and 4.2.2 Ensure equitable access in the provision of solar hot water infrastructure, within areas prone to design of urban streetscapes and systems in communities in the natural hazards. buildings. region, to reduce their reliance on hot bore water or electrical hot 4.4.B Develop, implement and review Explanatory notes water systems. a coordinated regional approach to disaster management among The Queensland Department of 4.3.B Monitor and review social housing all levels of government, industry Communities, along with other needs and stock, and develop and community, that integrates stakeholders is currently developing programs to meet the housing regional, subregional and local level plans to undertake disability access requirements of special needs plans for risk assessment, disaster audits of towns, urban landscapes and groups. mitigation and emergency planning. agency-owned facilities within the Central West, with a view to developing a five- Explanatory notes Explanatory notes year action plan to address accessibility The Queensland Government has released issues. Housing styles in the Central West have historically used basic energy-efficient the State Planning Policy 1/03: Mitigating design. The old Queenslander style of the Adverse Impacts of Floods, Bushfire house is common in the Central West, as and Landslide, which provides policy to 4.3 Housing are lowset houses with wide verandas ensure development is not affected by and breezeways. These basic building these natural hazards. mix, affordability design principles should be encouraged in and design new housing developments, to maintain Queensland Police and the Department of the region’s history and character, while Community Safety are currently preparing promoting energy efficiency. interim arrangements for district disaster Objective coordinators, and building relationships between district and local disaster To provide for a variety and mix of management groups. dwelling types, sizes and tenures to meet 4.4 Disaster diverse community needs, and achieve Fire and ambulance facilities are a housing choice and affordability in rural management form of social infrastructure within the communities. meaning of the Integrated Planning Objective Act 1997. The infrastructure map in this Land use policies plan makes no reference to fire and To prepare, review and exercise 4.3.1 New development and ambulance facilities, due to the scale of emergency and disaster management redevelopment incorporates water mapping used. The plan recognises that plans to cover the response and recovery sensitive urban design principles the services provided by these facilities of hazards likely to affect the region. such as rainwater roof collection. are important to the sustainability of the region’s communities. 40 Central West Regional Plan

5. Economic development

Desired regional outcome An economic base broadened by further developing existing export industries and by encouraging new industries or businesses with potential for growth throughout the region.

The main industry driving the economy of Table 3. Employment within various industries in the Central West the Central West is agriculture, specifically sheep and cattle grazing. Tourism is Number of people Percentage of Industry also a major industry, contributing $29.1 employed total workforce million to the region’s economy in 2006. Agriculture, forestry & fishing 1831 30.7 At the time of the 2006 census, the region had a relatively low unemployment Public administration & safety 790 13.2 rate of 2.9 per cent. In 2006, 30.5 per cent of people were employed in the Health care & social assistance 540 9.0 agriculture, forestry and fishing industries. Public administration, health care, retail trade and education are also significant Retail trade 509 8.5 sources of employment in the region, as shown in table 3. Education & training 454 7.6

Regionally, agriculture and tourism Construction 318 5.3 have strong growth potential, but are vulnerable to commodity price fluctuation, Accommodation & food services 327 5.5 industry rationalisation, cost-reduction measures, and changes to employment Transport, postal & warehousing 261 4.4 and work practices. These factors are partly responsible for the decline in Manufacturing 164 2.7 population and services in the region’s towns. Wholesale trade 157 2.6

A broader and more robust economic Other services 154 2.6 base is needed to minimise the impacts of outside influences and provide Professional, scientific & technical services 111 1.9 a wider range of employment and economic opportunities within the region. Administrative & support services 75 1.3 Strengthening the economy will improve the long-term economic sustainability of Arts & recreation services 57 1.0 the region. Mining 47 0.8 As outlined in table 3, there is a significant gap between the lead employment sector, agriculture, and the Electricity, gas, water & waste services 49 0.8 next largest sector, public administration and safety. For the region to become Financial & insurance services 59 1.0 more economically diverse, the gap between agricultural employment and Information media & telecommunications 34 0.6 other employment opportunities needs to be reduced. Rental, hiring & real estate services 30 0.5

Total (a) 5967 100.0%

(a) excludes inadequately described and not stated (Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Basic Community Profile 2006) Part E–Regional policies and strategies 41

The region has significant employment and Table 4. Number of businesses, Central West statistical division, June 2007 growth potential in industries such as: Number of Percentage of • geothermal energy and solar thermal Industry businesses total businesses energy • carbon farming Agriculture, forestry & fishing 1182 58.9 • organic agriculture, aquaculture and agribusiness Retail trade 162 8.1 • ecotourism, Indigenous tourism, Construction 153 7.6 palaeotourism, educational tourism and heritage/cultural tourism Property & business services 126 6.3 • macropod and wild game harvesting • cottage industries and niche marketing Transport & storage 81 4.0 • mineral, gas and shale oil resources. Wholesale trade 60 3.0 Agriculture, specifically meat and wool Accommodation, cafes & restaurants 60 3.0 production, is historically the major industry in the Central West and is predicted to remain so in the future. Manufacturing 36 1.8 Opportunities exist to improve freight road links to the west of the region, to Cultural & recreational services 33 1.6 improve product access. The development of value-adding industries will depend Personal & other services 30 1.5 on accessibility to a viable commercial market. Health & community services 27 1.3

The potential development of five major Communication services 24 1.2 coal mines with capacity over 25 million tonnes per annum (MTPA), will provide Mining 18 0.9 significant employment and growth potential. Currently, two large projects Finance & insurance 12 0.6 are undergoing pre-feasibility studies in the Central West, which could provide Education 3 0.1 direct, permanent employment of up to approximately 1300 people. Should Total 2007 100.0% the mine workforce be locally based, additional, indirect employment of several (Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Counts of Australian Businesses, hundred regional mining service and including Entries and Exits, Jun 2003 to Jun 2007, cat. no. 8165.0) equipment providers can be expected.

Tambo Teddy 42 Central West Regional Plan

Table 5. Regional indicator snapshot Central West statistical division

Latest available Average annual Regional indicator Reference period data growth rate

Estimated resident population 12 535 persons -0.82 per cent 1996–2006 30 June 2006

Population 2007–2031 13 580 persons 0.32 per cent projections 2031 (medium series)

Household 5454 households 0.26 per cent 2006–2026 projections 2026

12 months ending $16.26 million June 2007 to 12 Building approvals (12 months ending 49.2 per cent months ending June June 2008) 2008

Unemployment rate 2.9 per cent - 30 June 2006 30 June 2006

(Source: Planning Information and Forecasting Unit 2008, Department of Infrastructure and Planning)

Table 6. Galilee mining potential

Mine type / Regional Resource Site name Company coal type council potential

Hancock Open cut / Alpha Barcaldine 1820 MT Prospecting thermal

East Energy Open cut / 200 MT Blackall Blackall-Tambo Resources thermal (potential)

Hancock Open cut / Kevins Corner Barcaldine 1590 MT Prospecting thermal

Waratah Coal Open cut / North Alpha Barcaldine 975 MT Inc thermal

Waratah Coal Open cut / South Alpha Barcaldine 3330 MT Inc thermal

MT - million tons (Source Department of Mines and Energy August 2008) Part E–Regional policies and strategies 43

The Queensland Government is working The policy outlines a partnership between regional council. There are no equivalent to get the balance right between meeting the state government, the Queensland provisions in the Petroleum Act 1923 or the state’s increasing energy demands, Resources Council, local government the Petroleum and Gas (Production and the world’s anticipated increased and the Local Government Association Safety) Act 2004. demand for minerals and food, and of Queensland. This policy builds on the the government’s priority of building previous Sustainable Futures Framework Planning schemes that cover the sustainable communities. for Queensland Mining Towns. settlements of Alpha, Blackall and Jericho will need to consider the supply Challenges and opportunities for Key initiatives of the policy include: of serviced land with infrastructure of local communities sufficient capacity to support these • coordination of responses to cumulative mining activities. Local governments that Resource developments can bring social impacts and regional issues surround these activities will need to significant benefits for surrounding through the partnership group have their planning schemes assessed communities, including: • improved planning processes to and reviewed, to cater for any future strengthen regional land use planning development. • increased employment opportunities and infrastructure coordination • investment attraction The other strong industry in the region • minor legislative amendments that is tourism which is focused around the • economic diversification require the establishment of social region’s natural and cultural heritage and • attracting new people to the region impact plans for all new mines and unspoilt outback landscapes. There were major mine expansions, as part of domestic overnight stays of 158 854 in • keeping young people in the region. social impact assessment processes. 2007 and international visitor stays of 9768 in 2007. On the other hand, large-scale The agreement is aimed at strengthening development also presents local links between all levels of government. It Diversification of destinations and tourism communities with a range of challenges, will improve the guidelines around social experiences throughout the region will including increased demand for impact assessment that will govern all benefit the region by: infrastructure and services. new major mines and expansions. • broadening the visitor’s overall Challenges facing resource communities in The plan also recognises that the experience mining regions include: resources sector operates within specific • potentially reducing visitor pressure on legislation: • increased demand in the housing fragile areas market resulting in high rents • Mineral Resources Act 1989 • spreading the benefits within the and property prices and reduced community. affordability • Petroleum Act 1923 • increased pressure on local medical, • Petroleum and Gas (Production and There is particular potential in the areas dental and social services Safety) Act 2004 of nature-based, historical, cultural and arts tourism for the region. • potential impacts of dust, noise and • for major projects, the State vibrations Development and Public Works Organisation Act 1971. An expanded tourism industry may • an increase in the number of drive-in require specialised infrastructure and and drive-out and fly-in and fly-out The resources sector is therefore services, as well as a wider choice of workers employed essentially exempt from the provisions accommodation, to attract and service • demand for new road infrastructure to of planning schemes and the Integrated visitor populations. Sound regional support proposed new development. Planning Act 1997. This means that the branding, promotion and product coordination of exploration and mining development is needed as well as The Queensland Government has development under the Mineral Resources strengthened industry partnerships and also signed the Sustainable Resource Act 1989, with development in planning community support for the tourism Communities Policy (31 August 2008), schemes under the Integrated Planning industry. developed by the Department of Act 1997, occurs through provisions Employment, Economic Development under the Mineral Resource Act. The Tourism can have ramifications for and Innovation. The policy focuses on Act requires notification of the granting the environment and the community. resource communities, where rapid of mineral development licences and Visitors in environmentally sensitive development resulting from the resources mining leases by the relevant local areas can damage the natural values and boom has had significant impacts on government, followed by notation on lessen the intended visitor experience. community infrastructure and services, the planning scheme of the granted Similarly, tourism can be intrusive to and on the social structure of local and tenure and consideration of this tenure existing communities, thereby affecting regional communities. in any planning decision taken by the the character and amenity enjoyed by residents. Tourism therefore needs to 44 Central West Regional Plan

be located, designed and managed 50 per cent of market value, providing sustainably, to ensure these values are 5.1 Land availability that authorities resolve native title issues not adversely affected. at their expense. The state government Objective also developed a policy to encourage The region has a number of competitive greater use by agencies of the exchange To ensure land is available to meet the advantages that will assist in driving provisions (section 18A) of the Land Act requirements of the region’s existing and future economic activity: 1994—to negotiate Indigenous land use future businesses and industries. agreements that allow for an exchange of • strong core industries in agriculture and state land for the surrender of native title. tourism with opportunity to expand Land use policies • high-quality land, water, wildlife and 5.1.1 Approvals for new residential resources development in rural areas ensure: 5.2 Business and • desirable climate, environmental • development only occurs in areas features and liveability. industry that can be effectively serviced by Optimal conditions need to be created local government infrastructure Objective to allow existing industries to maximise • agricultural and grazing land their growth potential, and to attract To maximise sustainability of business is maintained for productive new industries to the region. There are and industry, in order to develop the agricultural purposes. national, state, regional and local factors growth of small enterprises throughout that may be inhibiting further economic the region, thereby increasing wealth 5.1.2 Planning scheme provisions relating activities, which should be identified and and employment opportunities for local to minimum lot sizes (rural) do not mitigated where possible. residents. allow for subdivision of land into lots that are too small for viable Small business is a major component of Land use policy rural production. the region’s economic activity and the 5.2.1 Planning schemes adequately fabric of communities. 5.1.3 Planning scheme provisions have provide for the development of adequate flexibility to allow for rural industrial land needed to support This sector requires recognition and and ecotourism development in rural and sustain business investment support if it is to make the most areas, provided they have minimal and expansion, with the provision of potential opportunities to further impact on production, biodiversity of relevant infrastructure. contribute to the wealth and employment and landscape values. of the region. Aligned strategies Explanatory notes An appropriately skilled workforce is 5.2.A Encourage regional small business needed to support economic growth Long-term development must include and representative groups to work in the region. Education and training opportunities for the development of cooperatively and share information programs relevant to industries in the primary industries and the resources and resources to develop new and region should be further developed. they require. In consideration of future enhanced existing products and development, the region must recognise services. Economic development has the potential that the best and most versatile farming to influence the social profile of the land is a productive resource. Development 5.2.B Assist in revitalisation of centres by region, affecting access to social of agricultural land into lots that are too establishing mechanisms to provide infrastructure, cultural and recreation small for viable rural production is not support for small business to locate opportunities. Economic development supported, when equally viable alternatives in business districts throughout the initiatives need to consider the impacts exist, particularly where developments do region. on communities and social values, and not include specific location requirements the needs of special interest groups. for services and infrastructure. 5.2.C Establish a mechanism to coordinate business and industry The Central West needs to identify In 2003, to simplify land release, the support services across all and secure more of the domestic and Queensland Government endorsed a policy government and non-government overseas markets. The region currently that encouraged local government and agencies. lacks a clearly defined, integrated national state agencies to resolve native title issues or international image. The economic on state lands, to make land available 5.2.D Develop strategies to attract benefits of a common name and theme for development in rural communities. investment from organisations that will assist in attracting and improving The policy enables particular land to be develop products, processes and tourism numbers, and further developing purchased from the state at no less than services that generate wealth and industries such as organic beef and employment for local communities. natural fibre enterprises. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 45

Aligned strategies 5.4.H Where extractive resources are 5.3 Regional economy removed from agricultural areas, 5.4.A Investigate options to undertake a such as through mining, access Objective regional, sustainable industry study and rehabilitation agreements must to assist industries in achieving be endorsed by key stakeholders, To develop a diverse regional economy long-term environmental, social and to minimise impacts on primary that is responsive to challenging economic sustainability. industries. and changing economic and political environments. 5.4.B Continue to support agricultural Explanatory notes and forestry industries by Aligned strategies facilitating opportunities to expand Long-term development must recognise sustainable production, processing opportunities for growth of primary 5.3.A Identify the strengths, and management practices. industries and resources. The best and competitiveness and economic most versatile farming land is a resource value of the region’s existing major 5.4.C Develop environmental that should be valued. Alienation of industries. Identify opportunities to sustainability programs and agricultural land is not supported when diversify the region’s economic base specific industry strategies, to equally viable alternatives exist, and and options to assist emerging minimise environmental impacts particularly where developments do not industries, and coordinate regional and highlight options for cleaner have specific location requirements. and subregional economic activities. production and waste management. The cattle enterprises of the Channel 5.3.B Develop mechanisms to benchmark 5.4.D Facilitate cooperative arrangements Country are an important part of the beef regional economic development and between agricultural and industry. Road transport or drovers move activities, including the means to agribusiness industries, and other cattle from breeding properties in the monitor the cost of doing business regional industries to develop North-West to properties in the Channel in the region, and investigate value-adding opportunities. Country, where they are grown out to options to reduce impediments. Continue to research and feedlot weight or fattened. investigate the suitability of 5.3.C Encourage investment and developing new crops and livestock An estimated 500 000 to 1 million head reinvestment of capital into breeds and products, or alternative of cattle are run in the Channel Country, the region, to ensure long-term higher value uses for existing with an estimated sale value of $150 economic sustainability. products. million. This provides a gross value for primary production in the Central West of 5.3.D Encourage and support the local 5.4.E Diversify meat production to $193.4 million. production of competitive and increase supplies of other quality viable, locally produced goods and meat products such as game meats. Emerging primary industries in the region services. Investigate opportunities for value- include: adding processing byproducts, such as hides and skins, pet food, • goat meat production 5.4 Agriculture and animal tissues and products • native foliage enterprises for pharmaceuticals that are partly processed, or packaged within the • forage hay Objective region. • aquaculture To maintain and expand a sustainable • sheep meat agricultural industry and diversify 5.4.F Facilitate opportunities for opportunities through agribusiness diversifying agriculture, in order • organically grown beef. ventures. to provide local and regional food staples, particularly fresh fruit and The operational and subsequent post- Land use policy vegetable produce. operational vacating of land used for extractive mining does not necessarily 5.4.1 Ensure land use plans and policies 5.4.G Support the continued use and adversely affect the viability of the facilitate the development of promote the adoption of organic surrounding agricultural land. Agreements primary industries, including agriculture methodologies, and will need to be negotiated between key forestry, carbon farming, intensive provide opportunities to expand stakeholders, including land holders in animal industries and other primary supply to the organic market. the surrounding water table, the mining industries, in appropriate areas. company and leading state agencies, to clearly define the responsibility of each stakeholder during and after the mining process. 46 Central West Regional Plan

5.5.E Improve the coordination, In 1996–1997, the tourism destination of 5.5 Tourism availability and quality of outback Queensland attracted 323 000 information to promote tourism visitors, with direct tourism expenditure Objective activities, for example, by totalling $86.3 million. In 2006, 530 100 enhancing signage to improve people visited the region, with 2 374 700 To recognise and develop the region public knowledge, access, nights spent in the region. Over the three as a distinctive and sustainable tourist education and safety awareness. years to December 2006, total visitor destination that offers a diverse range numbers to outback Queensland have of tourism opportunities and unique 5.5.F Develop a regional tourism strategy steadily increased by five per cent each experiences that continue to attract that: year, with visitor nights increasing by five visitors. per cent each year. • recognises the various tourism Land use policies elements within the region Attractions include corporate-style 5.5.1 Designate tourist nodes that cater • establishes a shared vision and heritage centres, including the Australian for a variety of visitor needs and identifies sustainable growth Stockman’s Hall of Fame, local council experiences. opportunities initiatives such as Boulia’s Min Min Centre, and privately run enterprises such • supports appropriate levels of 5.5.2 Identify areas that are suitable for as the Birdsville Machinery Museum. infrastructure and services tourism accommodation, activities and services that are based on • provides unique and safe Local governments view tourism as a economic, social and environmental tourism experiences viable and important economic activity, and this is reflected in their employment considerations. • introduces new opportunities of tourism officers and the development in nature-based arts, culture, of tourism plans. Aligned strategies business events and niche markets. 5.5.A Improve the tourism image From a tourism perspective, regional consistent with the region’s identity, branding is presented under a wider 5.5.G Facilitate the development of encourage tourism and service ‘Queensland’s Outback’ brand. Brand mechanisms to coordinate the industries to actively promote and product development activities are efforts of the tourism industry, this image, and seek to improve ongoing, and are regularly reviewed to environmental and natural resource promotional partnerships with state, ensure they remain relevant. Tourism management agencies and other national and international tourist Queensland has developed strong stakeholders, to facilitate and organisations. regional partnerships, and continues to develop tourism activities. work across the region to assist with 5.5.B Develop a range of regional tourist tourism development such as with the 5.5.H Establish mechanisms to collate circuits that encourage longer stays Australian Stockman’s Hall of Fame. and communicate research and and link opportunities throughout statistical information, to support the Central West. Local governments also maintain and new and improved tourism develop airports in the region to facilitate infrastructure and products10. 5.5.C Encourage redevelopment access to the region by air. These and upgrading of attractions, facilities are seen as crucial to the long- Explanatory notes accommodation and product term sustainability of the significant packaging, and ensure staff receive Findings from the Lake Eyre Basin number of tourism facilities and related relevant training to meet visitor and Coordinating Group’s project, Lake industries in the region. industry expectations. Eyre Basin Heritage Tourism—Future directions 200411, show that tourism is In wider domestic and overseas 5.5.D Identify ecologically sustainable rapidly emerging as a major form of markets, Tourism Queensland promotes visitor numbers to sites to maintain land use, alongside the more traditional Queensland’s outback to key target the integrity of the sites and pastoralism, agriculture and mining. markets. The Central West is a key region visitor experiences, and maintain Natural and cultural heritage assets are in the integrated image and brand of community and environmental commodities with commercial value. ‘Queensland’s Outback’. In international values. This has significant bearing on issues of markets, the outback is promoted as part access for both pastoral leasehold lands of a wider Queensland experience. and protected areas. It is also becoming a major consideration in the sustainable management of key visitation sites such as waterholes.

10 This action will be delivered through the preparation of the Outback Regional Tourism Investment and Infrastructure Plan (RTIIP) to be undertaken in 2008–09. 11 Lake Eyre Basin Coordinating Group at Part E–Regional policies and strategies 47

Aligned strategies an iconic windmill. The Board is looking 5.6 Knowledge and for opportunities to promote this brand in 5.7.A Develop a regional corporate image tourism, business and local government. technology consistent with other imaging processes being carried out in Objective the Central West that reflects the region’s key capabilities, 5.8 Employment, Develop the region’s capability to opportunities and unique attributes maximise the transfer of technology, as a centre for investment and labour force and skills knowledge and innovation to commercial employment. applications. Objective 5.7.B Develop a marketing plan to Aligned strategies provide direction on investment To establish, attract and retain a skilled workforce to strengthen economic 5.6.A Encourage business support of, and promotional activities to opportunities and the social fabric of the and investment in, research, existing and potential businesses region, and to improve regional business development and knowledge for and industries that are establishing, performance. commercial applications. relocating or expanding their operation in the region. Aligned strategies 5.6.B Foster cooperation between the 5.7.C Promote and extend excellence organisations involved in education, 5.8.A Encourage initiatives to awards throughout the region, to training and research, to facilitate attract, retain and support a highlight business and industry the exchange of ideas, information demographically diverse and skilled strengths at regional, state and and knowledge. workforce, especially in areas of national levels. high demand or skill shortage. 5.6.C Encourage industries to adopt new technology, to enhance Explanatory notes 5.8.B Enhance the provision of flexible environmental outcomes and The Centres of Enterprise initiative by the distance education, learning and improve the efficiency of production Queensland Government’s Department of training, to meet the diverse needs processes. Employment, Economic Development and and circumstances of staff in the Innovation is an example of a program Central West. 5.6.D Establish a system that provides consistent with these aligned strategies. accurate and current market information to potential investors, The Remote Area Planning and facilitates information sharing and Development Board (the Board) has networking between industries, developed a brand name logo for the and promotes strategic integration region called ‘Legendary’, and featuring and cooperation of industry market intelligence and programs.

5.7 Innovation and marketing

Objective

To improve and integrate marketing and promotional activities, market development and access, as well as developing industry partnerships. 48 Central West Regional Plan

Explanatory notes 5.9.B Consider local employment options Local education opportunities need to when planning major developments embrace delivery models that suit all Organisations such as the Remote Area in the region. learning styles, not simply concentrate Planning and Development Board and the on online or distance education models. Department of Employment, Economic 5.9.C Encourage greater involvement Developing methods that recognise the Development and Innovation, have of, and collaboration among, prior experience and learning of residents undertaken major initiatives to develop education and training institutions, will benefit the Central West. Support at strategies to attract and retain staff. The government, industry, business the local and regional level is essential. work of these groups, and the expansion and community sectors to develop For example, the development of a and adoption of strategies by other strategies to enhance community new tourism school (an initiative of the community and business groups, will development. Department of Education and Training, continue to support the growth of the Remote Area Planning and Development employment sector in the region. 5.9.D Develop and implement strategies Board, the Australian Agricultural College that will increase the awareness and the tourism industry) allows students of the quality and benefit of to gain new skills locally. local education at secondary and 5.9 Education and vocational levels. training Explanatory notes 5.10 Energy and

Objective Education and training are essential mineral resource building blocks for a sustainable To maximise job creation and employment development community. They allow people to diversity associated with economic increase their work and life skills, activity development. provide individual fulfilment, assist people Developing resources in the Galilee to gain employment, support those who Basin—like gas, mineral and shale oil— Aligned strategies are isolated from their communities, is anticipated to be a primary driver of economic and social change in the Central 5.9.A Coordinate specialised education provide for economic growth and West in the future. and training programs that meet facilitate capacity building. the requirements of the region’s These projects are contingent on national major industries, and provide Social and economic development of the and global factors, such as economic skill development opportunities region is dependent on the provision of activity levels and the policy positions of to support new and emerging skill development by both community and the state and Australian governments. industries in the region. business. Extracting coal seam gas also produces water as a by-product. This could potentially produce 60 000 mega litres of water per year, at varying levels of quality. Potentially, an alternative energy resource based on the conversion of coal to liquid fuels could be developed in the Galilee Basin. To date, trial plants and operations have only focused on sites in the Dalby Regional Council area.

Acting on this opportunity in the Galilee Basin will increase demand on the region’s infrastructure. Issues to consider and address include:

• road and rail weight and traffic capacity • skill shortages and training options • changes to social structure • demand on the region’s water, housing and electricity supply • alignment with state and national targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 49

It is therefore important for the resources Aligned strategies from developments that might prevent sector to effectively engage communities or severely constrain current or future and governments to maximise the 5.10.A Encourage collaborative responses extraction, when the need for the economic and social benefits of by government, resource resource arises. development, and address community companies and the community concerns of potential impacts. to the social, economic and The Queensland Government is working environmental pressures associated to get the balance right between: Objective with large-scale mining and energy resource projects. • meeting the state’s increasing energy To actively pursue the opportunity to demands develop gas, mineral and shale oil 5.10.B Maximise regional economic benefit • the world’s increased demand for extraction industries in local communities, from mining by encouraging minerals and food for the benefit of the region. regional and local businesses to provide services to the mining • the Queensland Government’s priority Land use policies sector. to build sustainable communities.

5.10.1 Locate development appropriately, 5.10.C Facilitate infrastructure provision to The Department of Environment and to avoid impacts on, or from, support new development through Resource Management has established existing and future mineral, timely advice and collaborative the Land Access Working Group to energy and extractive resource partnerships between developers, facilitate better communication and development and associated infrastructure providers and all improved relationships between the rural infrastructure. levels of government. and resource sectors. The purpose of the group is to provide an open forum for 5.10.2 Ensure planning instruments and 5.10.D Promote mineral, energy and relevant state government agencies and agencies respond in a timely extractive resource development as peak resource and rural industry bodies, fashion to: a key component of the economic to collaborate on issues concerning development of Central West exploration activity on rural land. • tenure changes associated Queensland. with mining approvals granted The Department of Infrastructure and under legislation, other than the 5.10.E Support the Land Access Working Planning is the lead agency of the Integrated Planning Group12 in the development of a group, with representatives from AgForce, Act 1997 single code of conduct, standard Queensland Farmers Federation, Australian compensation agreement, and Petroleum Production and Exploration • protection of important extractive exploration of rehabilitation Association, Queensland Resources resource sites from incompatible obligations. Council, Association of Mining and development Exploration Companies, Department of Explanatory notes Employment, Economic Development and • identified areas with potential Innovation, Department of Environment for future mineral, energy Land use policies aim to avoid and Resource Management and and extractive resources inappropriate urban development close to Department of Premier and Cabinet. development. resources, by defining resource and urban boundaries, separation zones and haul The working group is currently developing routes. a single code of conduct for land access, and a standard compensation agreement. State Planning Policy 2/07 identifies the The group is also reviewing, in detail, extractive resources of state or regional obligations to rehabilitate land after significance, where development of the exploration has occurred. extractive industry is appropriate. The policy aims to protect these resources

12 The land access working group has been established by the Department of Environment and Resource Management. 50 Central West Regional Plan

6. Infrastructure

Desired regional outcome Infrastructure leads and supports desired regional growth, and helps create sustainable rural communities and regional economic development.

Further development of the region’s major agencies, business and industry, and Road infrastructure, for example, will be agricultural and tourism industries is other stakeholders should be encouraged. impacted by increased traffic volumes heavily dependent upon the provision This will ensure industry needs are met, in areas where mining exploration is of safe, reliable and cost-effective and the associated economic and social undertaken. The provision of regional infrastructure. benefits to the region are realised. infrastructure, including the maintenance and funding of roads, will therefore Planning needs to be consistent In particular, the infrastructure needs require collaborative planning solutions with relevant land use and economic of local communities will need to be that will need to be developed in development strategies to ensure that managed, in planning for growth in consultation with all key stakeholders. infrastructure projects are developed the resource sector. As reported at the to service industry and community 2008 resource summits13, the benefits Greater communication between all levels demands in a timely, cost-effective and and opportunities that will be created of government and the local community environmentally sustainable manner. by growth are recognised by local will be achieved by working together to communities. Challenges, however, will develop regional infrastructure solutions, With the potential opening of the Galilee also need to be addressed to ensure through planning partnerships ‘founded Basin, the establishment of strong links the current quality of regional lifestyle is on shared ambitions, shared responsibility among regional representatives of mining maintained. and shared action’14. industries, local and state government

13 Bowen Basin resource summit, 20 November 2008; Dalby resource summit, 21 November 2008; Mount Isa resource summit, 28 November 2008. 14 Queensland Government, Toward Q2 Tomorrow’s Queensland, September 2008. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 51

Built environment 6.1 Infrastructure Land use policies The region is linked to the adjacent planning and 6.1.1 Identify and facilitate growth North West and South West regions by of strategic sites and areas for the Landsborough Highway, which is coordination economic development and part of the national highway network infrastructure. from Brisbane to Darwin. The Capricorn The challenges to regional infrastructure 6.1.2 Ensure that accommodation Highway links the region to the fast- in the Central West are: growing Central Queensland region. A requirements for major projects number of air services link the major • managing the impact of heavy transport are addressed in development centres in the east of the region (road trains) on the region’s roads applications and planning schemes. (Longreach, Blackall, Barcaldine and Winton) with Brisbane and Townsville. • continually improving the quality and 6.1.3 Assess infrastructure projects of safety of the road network regional and state importance, The smaller centres in the south and • accommodating an increasingly mobile based on relevant economic, west (Bedourie, Birdsville and Windorah) workforce and economy environmental and social factors, are linked to Mount Isa and Brisbane ensuring developments are • ensuring the continuation of freight and by twice-weekly air services. The twice- consistent with regional character passenger rail services weekly Spirit of the Outback rail service and structure. links Longreach to Rockhampton and • ensuring that remote communities have Brisbane. adequate services • establishing the correct balance Aligned strategies The south-east of the region has between funding new infrastructure and traditionally been culturally linked to 6.1.A Establish protocols and lines of maintaining existing assets centres in the south (Charleville, Roma communication among industry, and Toowoomba), rather than the closer • encouraging active transport government and communities, to coastal centre of Rockhampton. This has opportunities such as walking and improving coordination, planning reflected the divide between the areas cycling as viable transport models in and delivery of regional and suitable for sheep or cattle, and areas local communities subregional infrastructure, to reflect the region’s priorities. suited to cultivation or horticulture. Also, • improving telecommunications for rural the Capricorn Highway was developed and remote communities 6.1.B Improve the efficiency of community and sealed much later than the Matilda • maintaining and improving accessibility infrastructure by investigating (Landsborough) Highway. Air services of air transport into the region options to redevelop, augment or link Brisbane to the region, but not share facilities of similar services or Rockhampton. • ensuring parity in power supply to all residents. organisations. Centres in the west of the region are aligned to Townsville (Winton) and Mount To address these challenges, government Isa (Boulia and Bedourie). The far south- at all levels and private service providers Explanatory notes need to identify and implement west centre of Birdsville retains transport Any population growth in the region infrastructure strategies that will meet the and cultural links with South Australia, as should be centred on existing region’s needs. Adelaide is closer than Brisbane. communities, in order to maintain the stability and ecological integrity of the The last 10 years have seen a great Any new critical infrastructure region and improve service efficiencies improvement to town accessibility development in the region needs to and the viability of communities. through road developments, consistent take into account the possible risks Provision of future infrastructure for power supply and telecommunication from climate change during its lifetime, mining activities within the Central West improvements. People living in the Central particularly risks from increased heat and will be dependent on its commercial West have adapted and changed with flooding impacts. viability. Isolated development should be time and circumstance, to cope with the discouraged. distance and environmental influences of the area. Objective Mining and other industries need to work To provide physical and social with and assist government and local infrastructure that supports sustainable communities to address accommodation economic growth, and effectively meets and transport issues created by the future needs of the community in development. a timely, cost-effective and coordinated manner. 52 Central West Regional Plan

Aligned strategies specific, best-practice waste 6.2 Water supply and management that is applicable to management 6.2.A Use asset audits to identify capital, sparsely populated, low density maintenance, operational and communities which are separated environmental performance issues by substantial distances. Water infrastructure is critical to support affecting water-use efficiencies, and community growth and maintain identify operating costs to maximise 6.3.2 Ensure point source wastewater sustainability. Water demand management environmental outcomes and meet discharge of pollutants into water will extend the operational life of existing consumer needs. is avoided where practicable, and infrastructure. Any development of new is otherwise handled in accordance storage and distribution infrastructure 6.2.B Use reviews and feasibility analyses with best-practice environmental must be within the region’s sustainable of opportunities to expand water management to protect or enhance limits. infrastructure and potentially environmental values and meet alternative sources of water. water quality objectives of receiving Effective, affordable and environmentally waters. sustainable wastewater disposal systems 6.2.C Encourage the sustainable and are needed to service communities diverse use of the region’s water Aligned strategies and isolated tourism and industry supplies, to enhance the liveability nodes. Upgrading of existing, poorly and productive capacity of 6.3.A Coordinate integrated waste performing systems needs to proceed on communities. management infrastructure and a priority basis, and water reuse must be types of waste management at a investigated to deliver more sustainable Explanatory notes regional level. outcomes. Provision of adequate water 6.3.B Develop an integrated approach Objectives infrastructure is critical to supporting to waste minimisation and and sustaining development within the management that uses best practice • To provide future water infrastructure region’s communities and for industry. models that meet realistic and in a cost-efficient, timely and Encouraging the use of water for activities commercially achievable targets. environmentally, culturally and socially such as recreational fishing and other acceptable manner, to meet industry water sports will improve the liveability of 6.3.C Avoid waste generation in the first and community needs. regional communities. instance, if possible. Where waste • To meet the needs of the community, generation cannot be avoided, industry, agriculture and environment education and promoting programs on an equitable and sustainable basis, 6.3 Waste best practice models that address while also addressing climate change waste reuse, composting, recycling, impacts. management waste to energy and safe disposal are supported. Land use policies Cooperative, integrated approaches 6.3.D Develop a regional hazardous waste 6.2.1 Identify land requirements for to coordinating domestic, industrial management strategy which is safe water infrastructure development in and regulated waste management and cost-effective and focuses on planning schemes. across the region can contribute to agricultural industrial waste. rationalisation and improvements in 6.2.2 Adopt demand management current waste management practices, 6.3.E Support local governments to principles in the planning, with environmental and financial benefits upgrade sewerage treatment designing and constructing of water to the communities. cycle infrastructure, including water operations in urban locations, as appropriately determined by need supply, sewerage and drainage. Objective and available funds. 6.2.3 Identify existing and future priority To develop an integrated approach water demand areas and locations to waste management, recycling and 6.3.F Investigate cost-effective and in the planning scheme for water reuse within the region to meet desired environmentally sustainable infrastructure upgrades, including community health and environmental sewerage treatment systems that water storage and supply treatment outcomes. are suitable for recreational areas plants required within the next 10 and isolated tourist nodes. to 20 years. Land use policies 6.3.G Investigate opportunities for water 6.2.4 Incorporate industry best practice 6.3.1 Identify sites for integrated waste reuse, particularly for agriculture and water saving methods and disposal, including recycling and and industry purposes. technology in all new development reuse, and incorporate regionally in the region. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 53

Explanatory notes 6.4.C Continue to develop 6.4 Energy, telecommunication services such as Urban waste disposal is a major issue information and high-speed internet access in the in the region. Local governments are region, including rural and remote slowly improving their waste management technology areas17. in larger centres like Longreach. This approach still has challenges in terms of Access to reliable, affordable power 6.4.D Identify telecommunication the volume of waste disposed to landfill. supply is necessary to support existing opportunities in education and and future growth. The development of training, healthcare, natural A regional approach to recycling materials alternative energy options will help buffer resources and agricultural like cardboard (estimated at more than the region against supply disruptions and management, governance and 30 per cent of the waste stream), tyres pricing volatility. other social issues to overcome and plastics is required, along with other remoteness. end-of-life products such as oil, batteries, Telecommunications services within the aluminium and other packaging materials. region are inconsistent and require an Explanatory notes A major challenge is the high freight upgrade or new installations of network There is a proposal to construct a high- cost to recycling plants on the coast, coverage. Improvements to internet voltage, direct-current transmission line compared to the value of the recovered access and speed are also required to to connect Queensland’s North West material. support business demand and meet Minerals Province to the competitive community expectations. Improving Historically, there has been widespread national electricity market. If this project regional awareness and access to use of chemicals in common farming is undertaken, the transmission line will improved technology will benefit all practices. Residual chemicals persist also have the potential to be extended to sectors of the community. in soils and buildings and on specific serve key economic centres of the Central sites such as dips and stockyards, with Objective West region as well as the Northern potential risk to people, animals and Territory. the environment. Several programs offer To meet the region’s energy and safe collection and recycling of cleaned telecommunications requirements in a chemical containers and the collection of sustainable and timely manner. unwanted rural, agricultural and veterinary 6.5 Transport chemicals. The ChemClear15 program Land use policy networks provides for the collection of agricultural and veterinary chemical containers 6.4.1 Plan mobile phone, broadband Transport infrastructure is fundamentally while drumMUSTER16 has also been set and UHF repeater station services important to the social and economic up for the collection and recycling of to align with other infrastructure function of all western Queensland certain chemical containers. Management corridors and centres. regions. The Central West’s main transport strategies are required to address issues infrastructure18 consists of road, rail and regarding contamination. Aligned strategies air. Ensuring the efficient functioning and 6.4.A Facilitate the provision of power high quality of this infrastructure is vitally Sewerage treatment plants and operations to the region to meet existing important to remote and vast regions like have the capability to release pollutants and future community and the Central West. to waterways. These pollutants flow industry needs. Ensure that downstream and have adverse impacts it is commercially viable and The stock route network may play an on the natural environment and water environmentally sustainable. increasingly important role in future quality, and can be harmful to human responses to peak oil and rising fuel health. Wastewater discharged from 6.4.B Investigate the use of decentralised costs, as well as climate change. The sewerage systems and treatment plants power generation such as solar, stock route network will need to be well can be beneficially reused or recycled. solar thermal and geothermal managed to protect its inherent values The preferred outcome is that material is energy. and to ensure it is available to serve its not discharged to waterways, to ensure intended purpose. that environmental values and water quality objectives are achieved.

15 ChemClear program (see Agsafe at www.checlear.com.au) 16 drumMUSTER program (see Agsafe at www.drummuster.com.au) 17 Broadband and mobile services are private sector businesses under Federal Government policies. This policy is to encourage and facilitate a cooperative approach with all stakeholders in this field. 18 Refer to Map 4—Transport 54 Central West Regional Plan

The major centres in the region have 6.5.D Consider and, where appropriate, basic public transport (taxis) while smaller facilitate access to reliable and 6.6 Roads and centres are serviced by organisations such safe, inter- and intra-regional public highways as Home and Community Care. A safe transport services suitable to the and efficient public transport system is needs of communities in rural and Roads are currently the primary means also required to meet the existing and remote towns and special needs of movement in the region. These roads future needs of people living in rural and groups, such as the elderly and carry a higher than average proportion of isolated areas. disabled. commercial heavy vehicles and tourists in caravans and campervans19. Some major Objectives Explanatory notes routes like the Outback Way (Winton • To provide integrated transport services Transport infrastructure is a vital and Boulia Shires), Aramac/Torrens and facilities to meet the economic, component of the region’s economy creek (Barcaldine Regional Council) and social, health and environmental needs and social structure. To accommodate the Tanbar/South Galway Road (Barcoo of the region. future regional transport infrastructure Shire) are experiencing significant traffic increases, particularly heavy vehicles. • To improve the services, safety, development and links within the region, attention must focus on the achievement efficiency and patronage of public Road-based transport will continue to transport systems. of environmental, social and economic goals, while accommodating future be the main component of the region’s transport network with implications for Land use policies growth. A regional integrated transport plan to coordinate future redevelopment regional industry and the safety and 6.5.1 Protect existing and identify and the integration of regional transport convenience of communities. future transport corridors from systems may be appropriate for the inappropriate development and region. Any such plan should integrate Objective land use conflicts that may rural and remote area access, accessibility To ensure the region’s road network compromise the corridor’s existing for agricultural and other industry needs, meets the needs of residents and visitors or intended transportation purpose. and links to other regions for specific and the transportation of goods, products services, facilities and functions such as and services. 6.5.2 Ensure integration of transport economic markets. modes in the planning and Aligned strategy construction of local and regional Increased attention needs to be directed transport networks. to managing transport issues through 6.6.A Undertake transport planning developing and implementing an and infrastructure delivery in a Aligned strategies integrated transport system. This system coordinated manner between state should use a range of transport modes and federal government service 6.5.A A strategic transport network including road, rail, air, public transport providers and local governments that meets current and projected and community bus services. This system to meet anticipated industry and community and industry needs will meet community and industry needs community needs. including links to rural and in an efficient manner through: remote areas using best practice Explanatory notes approaches and technologies. • identification and promotion of transport service centres The Queensland Government undertakes 6.5.B Ensure integration and improved regional planning to determine works • increased flexibility in moving people, coordination of transport modes, projects for particular roads in the goods and services via different modes new transport infrastructure region. Local authorities also have roles and timetables in the planning, • better coordination of services regarding planning and maintenance of construction and operation of • increased use of public transport road networks. networks to transport people and including walkways, cycling paths and freight. Investigating and prioritising future parklands within communities. construction programs including 6.5.C Ensure that all strategic, transport upgrading strategic road links would infrastructure construction and assist in delivering coordinated and upgrades are based on sound timely responses to road maintenance economic, environmental and social needs. The economic, social and feasibility. environmental impacts of major road construction programs need to be fully assessed to determine the cost and benefits of various options.

19 Road train stock movement in the South West of the Barcoo Shire—the cause and effect, May 2005. Winton Shire Council, Outback Way 2008–09 Budget Submission. Part E–Regional policies and strategies 55

Retention of the region’s rail links and Objective 6.7 Railways services strongly depends on usage. It is feasible that future rail use will rise, To optimise the use and safety of existing Rail still plays a vital role in the given predictions of increased fuel costs and future airports in the region for transportation of livestock and goods and the potential for new mining in the freight and passenger movement. from the region to coastal centres. Galilee Basin. Retaining rail corridors to meet future demand for infrastructure, Aligned strategies Objective and encouraging the use of rail transport, 6.8.A Airport infrastructure meets the are therefire vital initiatives for promoting To make rail available for inter-regional requirements of passenger, freight, efficient transport systems. and intra-regional freight and livestock defence, health and emergency movement, where appropriate. services.

Aligned strategies 6.8 Airports and air 6.8.B Maintain airport facilities and infrastructure at an appropriate 6.7.A Ensure that the region’s rail network services level to cater for demand. maintains a safe and efficient service. Air passenger and freight volumes have Explanatory notes increased and are expected to grow 6.7.B Encourage and facilitate the Delivery of health services is a key further. Daily scheduled passenger transport of bulk commodities and priority in the Central West and is services currently operate between heavy and hazardous goods, to be essential to ensuring safe, healthy Brisbane and Longreach. Barcaldine and carried by rail where appropriate. and sustainable communities. Without Blackall have three scheduled flights per services like the fly-in and fly-out medical week. There are services between Mount 6.7.C Investigate options to make greater specialists, the Central West will not be Isa and Bedourie, Birdsville and Boulia. use of the rail line between the able to meet its regional vision. Good Other services operate between Brisbane Central Coast and the Central West. airport infrastructure is required to and Windorah, Townsville and Winton. provide adequate health services to the Demand for the Brisbane–Longreach Explanatory notes region. service has shown significant growth. Rail use still plays a role in transporting Regional airlink strategies are required to Air transport plays an important part freight, particularly livestock, to major maximise freight and tourist passenger in the region’s economic development, centres. The quality of rail infrastructure yield throughout the region. Planning particularly tourism and the high return and freight charges are both challenges needs to consider the future expansion fly-drive market, by providing a fast to the viability of the rail network. of regional airports to maximise and reliable link to major centres. With The mechanisms used to deliver these operational safety and efficiency, and the increase in the fly-in and fly-out services in the future may not necessarily minimise adverse impacts on the workforce, and an increasing demand for reflect current models. amenity of adjacent communities. With fly-drive tourism products, air transport the anticipated reduction in accessibility will play a major part in the region’s to health services in the region, the economic development. maintenance of air transport options is becoming more crucial. 56 Central West Regional Plan

PART F—Implementation, monitoring and review

The Central West Regional Plan Figure 7. The adaptive management • ensuring development assessment establishes a basis for better planning, planning process processes (including referral agency management and development in the obligations for development Central West. The value of the plan will applications) address matters covered be largely determined by the extent to in the regional plan Plan making which it is supported and implemented Implementation • allowing the planning Minister to by government and the community. exercise ‘call-in’ powers—the Minister’s ability to call in development Effective implementation of the regional applications that are outside the scope plan will require cooperation by of planning schemes community stakeholders and coordination of state and local government activities • establishing processes for amending Review and plans, as well as a review of a range Monitoring & the regional plan. of infrastructure and services. Reporting

The monitoring and review elements are critical to charting the progress of Implementation land use planning achievements and Plan making are essential to a performance-based Implementation requires the cooperation approach. Monitoring and review provide The regional plan is a statutory and involvement of all three tiers a feedback loop to allow adaptive instrument under the Statutory Instrument of government, non-government management as a response to changing Act 1992 with effects of the regional plan organisations, the private sector and the circumstances and new information. If established under section 2.5A of the community. Implementation mechanisms land use plans are to achieve their goals Integrated Planning Act 1997. Relevant will include: and objectives, the planning process provisions of the Act include: (figure 7) must be designed to be cyclical • incorporating regional planning and should not begin or end at a distinct • establishing a Regional Coordination outcomes into capital works, service point in time. Instead, the process Committee to advise the planning programs and policy making processes should always be structured to include Minister on regional issues of state and local government monitoring, evaluation and feedback • ensuring local government planning • incorporating regional planning in recognition of the need to learn and schemes reflect the regional plan outcomes into local government adapt over time20. policies, development assessment • ensuring state and local governments processes and local government take account of the regional plan when planning schemes. preparing or amending a plan, policy or code that may affect a matter covered by the regional plan

20 Low Choy DC, Worrall RH, Gleeson J, McKay P and Robinson J (2002) in Environmental Planning Project: Volume 1-Management Frameworks, Tools and Cooperative Mechanisms. CRC for Coastal Zone Estuary and Waterway Management, Technical Report 4. Part F–Implementation, monitoring and review 57

In order to facilitate effective The rights and responsibilities of the planning Minister may amend, replace implementation of the regional plan, an individual agencies, authorities and or approve minor revisions of the regional efficient coordination system to guide, bodies are to be respected and plan at any time, if required. monitor and assist implementation retained, including the responsibility for activities is required. In addition, development, resourcing and funding of Any review will include input from the implementation process should, programs within their portfolio interests. government and the community. It wherever possible, make use of existing will provide an open and accountable administrative structures and frameworks process that will involve and inform and avoid duplication of processes. the community of the outcome of any Monitoring and regional monitoring program. Primary implementation responsibilities reporting for elements of the regional plan will generally be designated either to state Regional planning is a dynamic process government agencies, based on portfolio Community and will not end with the completion of responsibilities, or to local government the regional plan. There is a clear need to involvement in in the region. Lead agencies will be establish mechanisms to: responsible for coordinating the actions implementation of any other agencies that have a role in • monitor progress and changes in the the implementation of strategies. region The regional plan sets out the need to involve all levels of government, industry A five-year action plan will be prepared, • identify new and emerging issues and the community in the planning, in consultation with the Regional • monitor implementation of the development and management of the 15 Coordination Committee , to outline the outcomes and strategies of the regional region. key priorities to implement the regional plan plan within this time frame. The action When implementing the regional plan, plan will identify the projects, the actions • periodically review the status of the appropriate consultation and negotiations required and the lead agencies. region, and initiate changes to regional will be undertaken with the community strategies and priorities where required. and relevant stakeholders in the The implementation process also requires implementation of specific strategies Implementation will also involve a wide the preparation of detailed action plans, and actions arising from the plan. The range of community and industry groups work programs, budget estimates and extent, level and timing of consultation and individuals, particularly at the resource requirements. Nominated will depend on the particular strategy or subregional and local levels. The regional government agencies will coordinate action. The responsibility to ensure that plan sets out the need to involve all this work. Long-term planning for appropriate community and stakeholder levels of government, industry and the infrastructure will also be guided by the consultation is undertaken will primarily community in the planning, development policies of the regional plan. rest with the individual lead agency. and management of the region. Members of the community and specific Roles and interest groups can also provide input Review process into the implementation process through responsibilities the Regional Coordination Committee. The review process guides further policy The Regional Coordination Committee development and assists in setting future advises the Queensland Government, priority projects and actions. through the planning Minister, on the development and implementation of the The regional plan will be reviewed regional plan. formally at least every 10 years, in accordance with section 2.5A of the Integrated Planning Act 1997. In addition,

21 Formerly the Central West Regional Planning Advisory Committee (CWRPAC). 58 Central West Regional Plan

Appendix 1

the Desert Uplands, Copper Creek and Further information about the Mapping methodology Georgina Catchments biological planning Department of Environment and Resource for areas of ecological assessments and have been designated Management’s biodiversity mapping as areas of high ecological significance. methodology can be found on the agency’s significance Specifically areas of artesian springs website. have been identified and designated The Department of Environment and high ecological significance through the For wetland areas: see www.epa.qld. Resource Management has prepared biological planning assessment process. gov.au/wetlandinfo/site/SupportTools/ mapping showing areas of ecological AssessmentMethods/AquaBAMM significance. The maps have been prepared Terrestrial areas: Essential habitats were from high-quality data sets of terrestrial outlined as high ecological significance For terrestrial areas: see www.epa.qld. vegetation, key threatened species habitats by either having a habitat suitability map gov.au/publications?id=471 and wetlands. The accuracy of mapping is or EVR22 points that have been buffered considered reliable for planning purposes. by double the precision of the point Areas of general ecological data. The following are assigned a high significance To prepare maps, the Department of ecological significance value: Environment and Resource Management The Department of Environment and takes data for specific ecological resources • biodiversity planning assessment B1 Resource Management used the and, using geographic information system status = ‘high’ or ‘very high’ following data and ecological significance methodologies, identifies areas of relative • nature refuges assessment methods to map areas of significance. More information is available general ecological significance: • criterion B2 very high regional from the Department of Environment and ecosystem value = ‘very high’ Resource Management website. Wetland areas: The following are assigned • biodiversity planning assessment special a general ecological significance value: Areas of high ecological areas—state significance that have significance terrestrial values. • wetland biodiversity planning assessment special areas that have Corridors: Terrestrial corridors that are a regional significance The Department of Environment and part of the State Corridor Network (used Resource Management used the within biodiversity planning assessments • Queensland wetland mapping—where following data and ecological significance and some outside of biodiversity planning approved assessment methods to map areas of high assessments) are used as a centre line. • topographic lakes layer taken from ecological significance: Remnant vegetation that has 30 per cent GEODATA Australia 1:250K map where of its total area within the corridor buffer Queensland Wetlands Program is not Conservation estate: These areas include is selected as high ecological significance. approved. Department of Environment and Resource Corridor buffer outlines indicate areas of Management-managed areas such as non-remnant high ecological significance. Terrestrial areas: The following are national parks and conservation parks— Riparian corridors are based on major assigned a general ecological significance excluding forest reserves, state forests rivers that have been identified with the value: and timber reserves. biodiversity planning assessment process. Again, remnant vegetation that has 30 • biodiversity planning assessment Wetlands areas: In the catchment of the per cent of its total area within the buffer fauna/flora habitat models Queensland Lake Eyre Basin, wetland of the riparian corridor is high ecological • biodiversity planning assessment B1 mapping prepared under the Queensland significance, as is a 100m buffer of any status—not of concern in subregions wetlands program was used as a base. non-remnant areas. with less then 30 per cent of remaining The Department of Environment and vegetation Resource Management tool AquaBAMM Threshold ecosystems: Regional • biodiversity planning assessment special is being used for Aquatic Conservation ecosystems that are at risk of the areas that have regional significance Assessments throughout Queensland remnant extent falling below 30 per Lake Eyre Basin and, where completed, cent of its pre-clearing extent, or having • essential habitats—models of high high ecological significance areas can be a remnant extent of less than 10 000 mobility vulnerable or rare species. identified from sites assessed as being of hectares. Mapped remnant vegetation: including “very high” or “high” significance under not of concern regional ecosystems. the this system. Included in wetlands Assessable23 non-remnant or regrowth areas are specific wetlands decisions endangered and of concern regional Assessable non–remnant or regrowth not that have “state” significance from ecosystems. of concern regional ecosystems.

22 E-endangered, V-vulnerable and R-rare—designations of abundance for native species scheduled under the Nature Conservation Act 1992. 23 Requiring an approval under the Vegetation Management Act 1999 for clearing. Appendix 2 59

Appendix 2

Map 1: Regional activity centres

Disclaimer: The information on this map should be treated as indicative only and subject to ongoing refinement. Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Environment and Resource Management) 2008. In consideration of the state permitting use of this data you acknowledge and agree that the state gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability, completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws. Data source: Department of Environment and Resource Management and Department of Infrastructure and Planning. 60 Central West Regional Plan Map 2: Natural environment 2: Natural Map Appendix 2 61 Disclaimer: The information on this map should be treated as indicative only and subject to ongoing refinement. Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Environment and of Environment (Department of Queensland the State by data provided on or contains Based only and subject to ongoing refinement. as indicative The information on this map should be treated Disclaimer: completeness, reliability, to the data (including accuracy, no warranty in relation that the state gives and agree acknowledge consideration of the state permitting use this data you 2008. In Management) Resource must not be used to any use of the data. Data or costs (including consequential damage) relating or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, in negligence) for any loss, damage currency and Planning. of Infrastructure Department and Management and Resource of Environment Department source: laws. Data of the privacy or be used in breach marketing for direct 62 Central West Regional Plan Map 3: Natural economic resources 3: Natural Map Appendix 2 63 Disclaimer: The information on this map should be treated as indicative only and subject to ongoing refinement. Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Environment and of Environment (Department of Queensland the State by data provided on or contains Based only and subject to ongoing refinement. as indicative The information on this map should be treated Disclaimer: completeness, reliability, to the data (including accuracy, no warranty in relation that the state gives and agree acknowledge consideration of the state permitting use this data you 2008. In Management) Resource must not be used to any use of the data. Data or costs (including consequential damage) relating or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, in negligence) for any loss, damage currency and Planning. of Infrastructure Department and Management and Resource of Environment Department source: laws. Data of the privacy or be used in breach marketing for direct 64 Central West Regional Plan

Map 4: Transport

Disclaimer: The information on this map should be treated as indicative only and subject to ongoing refinement. Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Environment and Resource Management) 2008. In consideration of the state permitting use of this data you acknowledge and agree that the state gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability, completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws. Data source: Department of Environment and Resource Management and Department of Infrastructure and Planning. Appendix 2 65

Map 5: Infrastructure

Disclaimer: The information on this map should be treated as indicative only and subject to ongoing refinement. Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Environment and Resource Management) 2008. In consideration of the state permitting use of this data you acknowledge and agree that the state gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability, completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws. Data source: Department of Environment and Resource Management and Department of Infrastructure and Planning. 66 Central West Regional Plan

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Barcoo Shire, Road train stock movement Local Government Association of Queensland Government (former in the south west of the Barcoo Shire: Queensland (2007) Integrating Natural Department of Natural Resources, Mines The cause and effect, June 2005. Resource Management into Planning and Water) (2006) Regional Vegetation Schemes: A guide for Queensland Local Management Code for Western Blake (2005) Queensland Cultural Government. Bioregions. Heritage Places Context Study—Final Report. Queensland Government (Department of Queensland Government (former Infrastructure and Planning) and Connell Department of Primary Industries and Blake, T, Cook, M and Queensland Hatch Annexure 2.3, Population Impacts Fisheries) (2006) Western Queensland, Government (Department of Natural Coal Infrastructure Strategic Plan. Regional profile: profitable primary Resources, Mines and Water) (2006) industries. Great Artesian Basin historical overview. Queensland Government (former Department of Natural Resources, Mines Department of Local Government and Queensland Government (former and Water, Brisbane. Planning) (2002) Central Queensland Department of Tourism, Regional Regional Growth Management Framework Development and Industry) (2007) Desert Channels Queensland (2004) 2002—CQ A New Millennium. Destination Management plan for Tourism A Natural Resource Management Plan in Queensland’s Outback 2007–2010. (2004–2009). Queensland Government (former Department of Local Government, Sport Queensland Government Integrated Desert Channels Queensland (2006) and Recreation) (2007), Planning for a Planning Act 1997 at www.legislation.qld. Annual Performance Report, July 2006– Sustainable Future White Paper. gov.au/legisltn/current/i/integplana97.pdf June 2007. accessed 30.06.08 Queensland Government (former Desert Uplands and Environmental Department of Local Government, Queensland Government (Queensland Protection Agency (2005) The Desert Planning, Sport and Recreation) (2006) Transport) (2002) Queensland Airport Uplands Strategic Land Resource Whitsunday Hinterland & Mackay and Regulated Transport Plan. Public Assessment Database 2005 (DVD). Regional Plan 2006-2026. Transport, Division Air Service Unit, Queensland Transport, Brisbane. Dollery, B and Johnson, AO, Sustaining Queensland Government (former Outback Communities, Remote Area Department of Local Government, Sport Rehbein AOS Airport consulting (2005), Planning and Development Board and Recreation (2006) Wide Bay Burnett Longreach airport development plan. (RAPAD) Report. Regional Plan 2007–2026. Schmiechen, J (2004) Lake Eyre Basin Environmental Protection Agency (2002) Queensland Government (former Heritage Tourism—Future Directions. Lake Heritage Trails of the Queensland Department of Main Roads) (2007) Roads Eyre Basin Coordinating Group, Adelaide. Outback. implementation program—Central West 2007–2011. Winton Shire Council (2008) Outback Way Eversole, R and Martin, J (editors) (2005) 2008–09 Budget Submission. Participation and governance in regional Queensland Government (former Office of development: global trends in an Urban Management) (2005) South East Australian context, Asgate Publishing. Queensland Regional Plan 2005–2026 www.dip.qld.gov.au/regional-planning/ Hot Rock Pre-Feasibility Study, SMEC- regional-plan-s.html accessed 30.06.08. HGM, April 2001. Glossary 67

Glossary

Agriculture: The production of food, fibre Development: Carrying out building work, licence, occupation permit, exploration and timber, including grazing, cropping, plumbing or drainage work; operational permit, stock grazing permit, pastoral horticulture and forestry. work; reconfiguring a lot; or making a holding or permit to occupy, and trustees material change of use to premises. of land set aside for public purposes. Aligned strategies: Aligned strategies are statutory principles designed to achieve Ecological sustainability: A balance Land use policies: Policies that have a desired regional outcome, generally that integrates protection of ecological a land use planning focus and can be through a collaborative and voluntary processes and natural systems at local, delivered through a range of Integrated approach, and are aligned to other regional, state and wider levels; economic Planning Act planning tools for example, legislation, plans, processes and voluntary development; and maintenance of the planning schemes, priority infrastructure programs. They may be implemented by cultural, economic, physical and social plans, and the Integrated Development various stakeholders including local, state wellbeing of people and communities. Assessment System. and federal government; non-government organisations such as community or Ecosystem: A community of organisms Natural resources: soil, vegetation, plants, natural resource management groups; and interacting with one another and the animals, minerals, air and water that are the private sector. environment in which they live. used for economic benefit and community wellbeing. Biodiversity: The variety of all life forms Ecotourism: Nature-based tourism that including the different plants, animals and involves education and interpretation of No net loss: Habitat losses are offset into micro-organisms, the genes they contain the natural environment and is managed areas with equal or higher biodiversity and the ecosystems of which they form to be ecologically sustainable. values. a part. Environmental offset: A mechanism to Palaeotourism or fossil-based tourism Bioregion: The primary level of land counterbalance unavoidable adverse provides experiences at several market classification in Queensland based on environmental impacts of development by levels. There are paleontological regional geology and climate, as well as environmental gains, with the overall aim experiences and interpretation for the major biota. of achieving a net neutral or beneficial wider public including interpretive outcome. centre’s, guided tours, self-discovery Climate change: A change of climate trails and exhibitions. Secondly there are attributed directly or indirectly to human Historical themes: Places or objects that niche market opportunities for providing activity that alters the composition of the have anthropological, archaeological, specialised products such as participatory global atmosphere and is in addition to historical, scientific, spiritual, visual ecotourism and premium tours. natural climate variability observed over or sociological significance or value, comparable time periods. including such significance or value Pest species: Plant and animal species under Aboriginal tradition or Torres Strait that have established in areas outside Conservation: The protection and Islander custom. their naturally occurring distributions. maintenance of nature while allowing for its ecologically sustainable use (section 9 Implementation action: An action that Planning Minister: The Minister of the Nature Conservation Act 1992). serves to implement part or parts of the administering section 2.5A of the regional plan. Integrated Planning Act 1997. Cultural heritage: A place or object that has aesthetic, architectural, historical, Indigenous cultural heritage: Landscapes, Planning scheme: A planning scheme scientific, social or technological places, objects, art and intangible aspects is an instrument made by a local significance to the present, past or future such as language, song and stories that government under division 3.8. See generations. hold significance for Indigenous peoples. section 2.1.1 of the Integrated Planning Act 1997. Central West region: The seven local Indigenous Land Use Agreement: A government areas within the Central voluntary agreement between a native Precautionary principle: Where there West region—the councils of Barcaldine, title group and others about the use and are threats of serious or irreversible Barcoo, Blackall-Tambo, Boulia, management of land and waters. environmental damage, lack of full Diamantina, Longreach and Winton. scientific certainty should not be used Indigenous cultural heritage: Landscapes, as a reason for postponing measures to Desired regional outcome: A statement places, objects, art and intangible aspects prevent environmental degradation (refer that addresses the desired regional such as language, song and stories that to the underlying principles in part E of growth for the life of the plan. Local hold significance for Indigenous people. the regional plan). government planning schemes must be consistent with the intent of the desired Landholder: A landowner, land manager, Population projection: A population regional outcomes, objectives and person or group of people with an prediction that is the most likely outcome policies. interest in the planning area through over the 20-year time frame of the plan. special lease, mining claim, occupational 68 Central West Regional Plan

Glossary continued

Protected area: Protected areas Regional plan: The Central West Regional Sensitive land uses: Residential areas, including national parks, conservation Plan developed in accordance with health, education and childcare facilities parks, resources reserves, nature section 2.5A of the Integrated Planning and areas of high ecological significance. refuges, coordinated conservation Act 1997 (the regional plan). areas, wilderness areas, world heritage Solar-voltaic: These systems use cells to management areas and international Regional Planning Advisory Committee: convert solar radiation into electricity. agreement areas, section 14 of the Nature The committee established by the The photo-voltaic cell consists of one or Conservation Act 1992. Planning Minister under section 2.5.2 two layers of a semi conducting material, of the Integrated Planning Act 1997 usually silicon. When light shines on the Regional activity centre: A centre or to advise the Queensland Government cell, it creates an electric field across the proposed centre identified in the Central through the Planning Minister on the layers, causing electricity to flow. The West regional activity centres network. development and implementation of the greater the intensity of the light, the These centres support a concentration regional plan. greater the flow of electricity. of activity, including higher density living, business, employment, research, Residential development: Development Traditional Owners: Members of an education and other services. for a residential purpose that is at a Indigenous group that has a particular scale greater than a single dwelling on an connection with land under Indigenous Regional Coordination Committee: The existing lot. tradition. committee established by the Planning Minister under section 2.5A.3 of the Riparian: The banks of land next to a Urban purposes: Purposes for which land Integrated Planning Act 1997 to advise waterway or wetland that contribute to is used in cities and towns, including the Queensland Government through the its ecological balance, preservation and residential, industrial, sporting, recreation Planning Minister on the development continuation. and commercial purposes, but not and implementation of the regional plan. including environmental, conservation, Scenic amenity: Landforms and seascapes rural, natural or wilderness area purposes. Regional ecosystem: Vegetation creating the region’s visual imagery communities that are consistently including (but not limited to) mountain Vision: The community’s long-term associated with a particular combination ranges, coastal escarpments, beaches, aspirations for the region. of geology, landform and soil. rivers, valleys, agricultural land, creeks, rainforests, wetlands, estuaries and Water course: A river, creek, stream, islands. watercourse or inlet of the sea.

Wetlands: Areas of land permanently or periodically inundated with static or fresh flowing water. Acknowledgements 69

Acknowledgements

The regional plan is the result of • Cr John Palmer—Mayor, Longreach Queensland Government contributions from a wide range of Regional Council departments government and stakeholder groups and • Cr Edward Warren—Mayor, Winton Shire • Department of the Premier and Cabinet the community. Members of the Central Council West Regional Coordination Committee • Queensland Health and representatives of the region’s • Ms Tahna Jackson—Regional Manager, • Queensland Treasury stakeholder groups have contributed AgForce Queensland significant time and resources to the • Ms Jill Koeneman—District Chief • Department of Employment, Economic planning process in order to meet the Executive Officer, Queensland Health Development and Innovation project timeframes. The planning team • Mr Eric Denham—Regional Manager, • Department of Public Works members have also put in a tremendous Department of Transport and Main effort, which is greatly appreciated. • Department of Environment and Roads Although it is not possible to list every Resource Management contributor, their input is recognised • Mr David Arnold—Remote Area Planning • Department of Education and Training and valued. The contributions of the and Development Board • Queensland Police following groups are acknowledged: • Mr Peter Douglas—Desert Channels • Department of Community Safety Queensland • Central West Regional Coordination • Department of Transport and Main Committee • Mrs Rowena Arthur—Executive Director, Roads Department of Education and Training • regional stakeholder groups • Department of Infrastructure and • Mr Lew Markey—Central West • local governments Planning Queensland Regional Managers’ • state government Coordination Network representative • Department of Communities • Commonwealth Government. • Department of Justice and Attorney- Project team General

Special thanks to: • Mr John Brun—Principal Planner, Other important contributors Members of the Central West Regional Central Region Division, Department of Coordination Committee: Infrastructure and Planning • Ms Elizabeth Yeo—Queensland • Ms Jodie Wynne—Planner, Central Resources Council • Hon Stirling Hinchliffe (Chair), Minister Region Division, Department of • Mr Ted Burling—Central Queensland for Infrastructure and Planning Infrastructure and Planning Area Consultative Committee • Hon Paul Lucas MP (former chair), • Mr Kevin Bowden—GIS Coordinator, • Mr Mike Chuk—Desert Channels Deputy Premier and Minister for Health Southern Region Division, Department Queensland and former Minister for Infrastructure of Infrastructure and Planning and Planning • Ms Susan Scott—Principal Images courtesy of • Cr Bruce Scott (Co-Chair) —Mayor, Communications Officer, Planning Barcoo Shire Council Communications, Planning Group, • Jacqueline Curley Photography Department of Infrastructure and • Cr Robert Chandler—Mayor, Barcaldine • Local governments of the Central West Planning Regional Council region • Ms Kate Rose-Henry—former Manager, • Cr Jan Ross—Mayor, Blackall-Tambo • S Rutherford Photography Regional Council Planning Central Region Division, Department of Infrastructure and • Cr Eric Britton—Mayor, Boulia Shire Planning Council • Mr Damian Pearson—Regional Director, • Cr Robert Dare—Mayor, Diamantina Central Region Division, Department of Shire Council Infrastructure and Planning

ISB 978-0-9804831-6-1 Department of Infrastructure and Planning PO Box 161 Longreach Qld 4730 tel 1300 724 061 fax +61 7 4650 1288 [email protected] www.dip.qld.gov.au/centralwest