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RASTAFARI – Timeline of Events – Last 100 Years

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RASTAFARI – Timeline of Events – Last 100 Years RASTAFARI – Timeline of events – Last 100 years 1914 – Ras Tafari Makonnen installed as Prince Regent of Ethiopia 1914 – Marcus Garvey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association created in Jamaica with branches to follow worldwide – Caribbean, Central & South America, USA, Africa, UK & Europe 1919 – Three-delegate Abyssinian Mission to the United States visit New York City and Chicago. On behalf of Ras Tafari Makonnen. Delegates extend invitations to African Americans to repatriate to Ethiopia. 1920 – Marcus Garvey holds first UNIA Convention in Harlem and receives telegram from Ras Tafari applauding his efforts 1923 – Ras Tafari negotiates Ethiopia’s entry to the League of Nations 1930 – Coronation of H.I.M. Emperor Haile Selassie 1st and Empress Menen of Ethiopia – November 2nd Crowned King of Kings, Lord of Lords, Conquering Lion of the Tribe of Judah. Rastafari rise to hail the Black African King chanting “Redemption, Repatriation, Restoration” 1933/34 – Leonard Howell, the first person in Jamaica to preach the Divinity of Haile Selassie, is subsequently arrested, tried and jailed for sedition 1935 – Leonard Howell publishes The Promised Key 1935 – The Italians under Mussolini invade Ethiopia, October 3rd 1936 – Emperor Haile Selassie I leaves Ethiopia on May 5th for a 5-year exile in Britain. 1936 – His Imperial Majesty Emperor Haile Selassie addresses the League of Nations on June 30th 1937 – Ethiopian World Federation Incorporated – unification of Africans worldwide – August 25th 1937—Leonard Howell founds the Ethiopian Salvation Society which becomes active in the parish of St. Thomas, Jamaica 1940—Leonard Howell establishes Pinnacle, the first independent Rastafari commune in St. Catherine, Jamaica 1940s – Youth Black Faith – Predecessor of Nyahbinghi Rastafari mansion established 1941 – Jamaican authorities raid Pinnacle and arrest Howell, the first in a series of colonial attacks on Howell’s Rastafari community, July 25th 1941 – H.I.M. Emperor Haile Selassie 1st re-enters Ethiopia on May 5th after the defeat of the Italians 1943 – Leonard Howell is released from prison and returns to Pinnacle 1947—Sylvia Pankhust circulates the ‘Black International” 1948 – Shashamane Land Grant – Gift of land made by H.I.M. Emperor Haile Selassie 1st of Ethiopia for Africans of the diaspora to dwell on in Africa 1948 – Hon. Prince Emmanuel [RastafarI elder] lobbies the heads of the Jamaican and British governments for free transportation to repatriate enslaved African children of Jamaica and the western world back to Africa http://www.darcfoundation.org/prince-emmanuel.html 1950 – Count Ossie plays Nyahbinghi drums and Rastafari spreads in Jamaica 1954-56 Hon. Prince Emmanuel, Ras Boanerges and others hold annual conventions in Back-o-wall, Kingston, Jamaica 1954 – Pinnacle raided and destroyed by Jamaican Government forces May 22nd 1955 – Official letter confirming the "land grant" of 1948 submitted to members and executives of the Ethiopian World Federation 1955—Emperor Haile Selassie 1 and Empress Menen celebrate their Silver Jubilee in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Repatriation marches and Nyahbinghi gatherings led by Ras Boanerges (Bongo Watto), Prince Emmanuel and other leaders take place in Kingston, Jamaica on the occasion of the Silver Jubilee 1955—African American artist and activist Mamie Richardson travels to Jamaica to represent and establish the Ethiopian World Federation. 1958 – Hon. Prince Emmanuel (Charles Edwards) convenes the first national groundation March 1-21. Official formation of the Ethiopian African Black International Congress (EABIC) 1960 – UWI academics, at the invitation of Rastafari, conduct research into the Movement. The Report recommends that Jamaica government send a mission to Africa to explore possibilities of repatriation 1960 – Police arrest Rev Claudius Henry on April 7th, charging him and some of his followers with treason 1960 – Hon. Prince Emmanuel of EABIC writes to Queen Elizabeth II requesting Repatriation with compensation for RastafarI. Receives negative reply 1961 – Rases Filmore Alvaranga, Mortimer Planno, Douglas Mack and Samuel Clayton are 4 RastafarI who participated in the Jamaica Government sponsored “Back to Africa” Mission to 5 African countries to determine their receptivity to repatriation of African Descendants. 1962- Ras Sam Brown stands as candidate for political office in Jamaica 1963 – Police raid Coral Gardens, Jamaica and instigate widespread persecution of the Rastafari Movement 1966 – Visit of H.I.M. Emperor Haile Selassie I to Trinidad, Barbados, Jamaica, Haiti. H.I.M. advises that there is enough space in Ethiopia to accommodate all Africans who wish to return. However, ones must come home as skilled persons in order to make a positive contribution. Also advises that space is allocated to Jamaica within OAU 1968 – Vernon Carrington (Prophet Gad) establishes 12 Tribes of Israel in Kingston, Jamaica 1968 – Walter Rodney banned from Jamaica – Oct.15, triggering widespread student protest and civic unrest 1970's – Rastafari music (reggae) begins to impact on world audiences, taking its poignant messages far beyond the Caribbean. 1971 – Rasta Voice the first Rastafari newsletter, starts publication by Ras Historian, Ras Gil Tucker, and Ras Sydney DeSilva. Forms the basis for the Rastafari Movement Association (RMA) of Jamaica 1974 – Theocratic Government of Haile Selassie I established by Nyahbinghi elders 1975 – Ras Boanerges carries the Nyahbinghi Order to the eastern Caribbean (Barbados and St. Vincent), in April 1980—Publication of Rastafari Speaks begins in Trinidad 1980 – Bob Marley performs at Zimbabwe Independence celebrations, April 18th 1980 – Rastafari celebrates Golden Jubilee of His Majesty’s Coronation in JA. RMA re-formed as Rastafari Int. Theocratic Association 1982 – 1st International conference of Rastafari held in Canada, Toronto 23rd-25th July 1983 - 2nd Rastafari International Theocratic Assembly, July 18-25, Jamaica 1984 – Voice of Thunder: Dialogue with Nyahbinghi elders. 1st official mission of Nyahbinghi elders outside Caribbean, Toronto Sept 23rd – Oct 21st 1986 – ‘Focus on Rastafari’. JA elders trod to UK for events related to “Caribbean Focus 1986” 1987 – Rastafari celebrate the Centenary of Marcus Garvey’s earthstrong (birthday) 1987 – Ras Michael Lorne and Ras Junior Manning begin publication of Rastafari International News 1987 – Ras Emmanuel ‘Pinto’ Fox forms the Church of Haile Selassie 1st 1988/89/90 – ‘Rainbow Circle Throne of Jah Rastafari’ JA elders trod to New York, Baltimore and Washington, DC 1992 – Centenary trod to Ethiopia June 28th – August 1992. 1st International Assembly of Rastafari in Ethiopia, organized by the Centenary Committee for Rastafari based in UK 1992-3 – Centenary mission through the Eastern Caribbean led by Ras Boanerges to 12 islands including Dominica, which until that time had prevented any Rases/dreadlocks from entering on account of the infamous Dread Act of 1974. 1996 – Ras Boanerges leads international trod to South Africa October-November 1997 – First international gathering of Rastafari in Guyana 1998 – International Rastafari Conference, Bridgetown, Barbados held in August. Resolution officially recognizes birth of Leonard Howell as important Rastafari date 1999 – Official opening of Nyahbinghi Tabernacle in Shashemane Ethiopia 2000 – Rita Marley hosts International Bob Marley concert in Ethiopia 2000 – Caribbean Rastafari Organization (CRO) established in Dominica with main focus on organizing Caribbean Rastafari towards Reparations and Repatriation 2001 – Registration of ICAR (Ichirouganaim [Barbados] Council for the Advancement of Rastafari) 2001 – Setting up of the Jamaica Reparations Movement - Kingston - by Sister Barbara Makeda Blake- Hannah 2001 – World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and related Intolerance, Durban, South Africa – Rastafari participation, ICAR/CRO: presentation on religious intolerance. Trans Atlantic slavery declared a crime against humanity 2002 – Africa and African descendents NGO conference, Bridgetown, Barbados, Rastafari participation, ICAR/CRO 2002-2003 – All Mansions’ Secretariat of the Ethiopian Peace Foundation, Jamaica Branch, write to Queen Elizabeth II demanding Repatriation with compensation 2003 - Reparations Conference, UWI, Kingston. Preparation and presentation of the JaRM Proposal 2004 – Caribbean Pan-African Network (CPAN) established to represent Caribbean African diaspora interest with respect to the Sixth Region of the African Union 2005 – African Diaspora Conference – South Africa, African Union and Caribbean, Kingston, Jamaica 2007 – World Conference for people of African descent, Bridgetown, Barbados, Rastafari participation 2008 - Setting up of Jamaica Reparations Parliamentary Commission, Chair - Prof. Barry Chevannes 2011 – United Nations International year for Africans and people of African descent 2011 – African Union Technical Committee of Experts Meeting on African Diaspora, Tshwane, South Africa: Rastafari participation, CRO – discussion paper on repatriation 2011 – Rastafari Reparations Repatriation Working Group (RRRWG), sub-committee of ICAR, established 2012 – Global African Diaspora summit, Johannesburg, South Africa, Rastafari participation 2013 – The Jamaica Government officially recognizes the Church of Haile Selassie 1st as part of religious expression of the Rastafari movement 2013 – Creation of Caribbean Region Reparations Commission by 14 Caribbean Governments (CARICOM), six aspects for consideration
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