DOCSLIB.ORG

Florida Forever Work Plan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Florida Forever Work Plan Florida Forever Work Plan January 1, 2003 prepared by South Florida Water Management District Florida Forever Work Plan Contributors South Florida Water Management District Florida Forever Work Plan January 1, 2003 Contributors Christine Carlson Dolores Cwalino Fred Davis Jude Denick Juan Diaz-Carreras Andy Edwards Paul Ellis William Helfferich Sally Kennedy Phil Kochan Tom McCracken Kim O’Dell Steve Reel Bonnie Rose Dawn Rose Wanda Caffie-Simpson Andrea Stringer iii Florida Forever Work Plan Contributors iv Florida Forever Work Plan Executive Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 1999, the Florida Forever program was created, which authorized the issuance of bonds in an amount not to exceed $3 billion for acquisitions of land and water areas. This revenue is to be used for the purposes of restoration, conservation, recreation, water resource development, historical preservation and capital improvements to the acquired land and water. The program is intended to accomplish environmental restoration, enhance public access and recreational enjoyment, promote long-term management goals and facilitate water resource development. The water management districts create a five-year plan that identifies projects meeting specific criteria for the Florida Forever program. Each district integrates its surface water improvement and management plans, Save Our Rivers (SOR) land acquisition lists, stormwater management projects, proposed water resource development and water body restoration projects and other activities that support the goals of Florida Forever. Thirty-five percent of the Florida Forever bond proceeds are distributed annually to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) for land acquisition and capital expenditures in order to implement the priority lists submitted by the water management districts. A minimum of 50 percent of the funding is to be used for land acquisition. The South Florida Water Management District’s annual net share is $33,075,000, of which $25 million will be used for Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) projects, and $8 million will be used for Kissimmee Restoration projects. Including Florida Forever funding, a total of $195.5 million was spent in fiscal year (FY) 2002 to acquire 26,500 acres of land. The Florida Forever Work Plan lists and describes the 20 projects eligible for Florida Forever funding in the FY 2003 – 2007 period, as well as nine projects for which the South Florida Water Management District expects to seek reimbursement through Florida Forever in FY 2003. The plan is arranged in sections that correspond to the CERP regions as described in the CERP Guidance Memorandum 012.00. In addition to the regional project descriptions, the Florida Forever Work Plan provides system-wide and regional descriptions of land use, water quality, water management practices, physical conditions and other characteristics as required by statutes. The work plan includes a report on real estate acquisition activity performed in FY 2002 (Appendix C). This plan also provides performance measures (Appendix A), CERP Project Management Plans (PMPs) for projects eligible for Florida Forever funding (Appendix B) and an implementation schedule for the CERP (Appendix D). The majority of this document is being provided exclusively on CD-ROM. This allows for a wider distribution than would be possible with traditional printed copies. Individuals who require paper copies may print them directly from the CD or provide the CD to any duplication service for production. v Executive Summary Florida Forever Work Plan vi Florida Forever Work Plan : TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary v List of Tables xiii List of Figures xv List of Abbreviations and Acronyms xvii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Legislation (Florida Forever and Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan) . 1 Florida Forever Program. 1 The Florida Forever Act . 1 Save Our Everglades (SOE) Trust Fund. 3 Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) . 4 Florida Forever Water Management District Work Plan . 4 Florida Forever Performance Measures . 9 Project Rankings, Schedule and Resources . 10 Funding and Manpower Resources. 10 Implementation Schedule . 10 Chapter 2: Regional Study Area 11 Future without Plan Condition - Physical Facilities and Operations - the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control Project (Project Modifications) . 13 Water Quality Problems and Opportunities - Regional Overview . 13 Water Quality Problems and Opportunities - Mercury . 15 Land Use . 16 Study Purpose . 17 Study Scope . 17 Other Studies . 18 Permits and Authorizations . 19 Interim Land Management . 19 Chapter 3: Kissimmee Region 21 Physical Conditions - Kissimmee Region . 21 vii : Florida Forever Work Plan Existing Conditions - Kissimmee Region Water Management . 22 Future without Plan Condition - Water Quality - Kissimmee Region . 25 Future without Plan Condition - Physical Facilities and Operations - Kissimmee River Restoration . 25 Water Quality Problems and Opportunities - Kissimmee Region . 26 Land Use - Kissimmee Region . 27 Agriculture . 28 Chapter 4: Lake Okeechobee Watershed Region 29 Physical Conditions - Lake Okeechobee Watershed Region . 29 Existing Conditions - Lake Okeechobee Water Management . 30 Water Quality . 31 Future without Plan Condition - Water Quality - Lake Okeechobee . 33 Future without Plan Condition - Physical Facilities and Operations - Manatee Protection . 33 Future without Plan Condition - Physical Facilities and Operations - Lake Okeechobee Regulation Schedule . 34 Future without Plan Condition - Physical Facilities and Operations - Critical Restoration Projects . 34 Lake Okeechobee Water Retention / Phosphorus Removal . 34 Water Quality Problems and Opportunities - Lake Okeechobee . 34 Land Use - Lake Okeechobee Region . 35 Agriculture . 36 Urban . 36 Eligible Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) Projects . 36 Lake Okeechobee Watershed Project . 36 Chapter 5: Lower West Coast Region 39 Physical Conditions - Lower West Coast Region . 39 Existing Conditions - Lower West Coast Region Water Management . 40 Problems Related to Water Management . 42 Future without Plan Condition - Physical Facilities and Operations - Critical Restoration Projects . 42 Lake Trafford Restoration . 42 Southern CREW / Imperial River Flowway . 42 Western Tamiami Trail Culverts . 43 Future without Plan Condition - Water Quality - Lower West Coast Region . 43 viii Florida Forever Work Plan : Water Quality Problems and Opportunities - Lower West Coast Florida Region . 44 Land Use - Lower West Coast Region . 45 Caloosahatchee River . 45 Agriculture . 45 Big Cypress National Preserve (BCNP) . 46 Urban Areas . 47 Fakahatchee Strand State Preserve . 47 Southern Golden Gate Estates . 48 Water Conservation Areas (WCAs) . 48 Everglades National Park (ENP) . 48 American Indian Reservations . 48 Agriculture . 48 Eligible Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) Projects . 49 C-43 Basin Storage Reservoir. 49 Caloosahatchee Backpumping with Stormwater Treatment Area . 49 Southern Golden Gates Estates Hydrologic Restoration . 50 Big Cypress / L-28 Interceptor Modifications . 50 Chapter 6: Upper East Coast Region 51 Physical Conditions - Upper East Coast Region . 51 Existing Conditions - Upper East Coast Water Management . 52 Surface Water Resources . 54 Surface Water Inflow and Outflow. 55 Groundwater Resources . 56 Future without Plan Condition - Physical Facilities and Operations - Critical Restoration Projects . 56 Ten Mile Creek Water Preserve Area. 56 Future without Plan Condition - Water Quality - Upper East Coast . 56 Water Quality Problems and Opportunities - Upper East Coast . 57 Land Use . 58 Upper East Coast . 58 Agriculture - Upper East Coast. 58 Eligible Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) Projects . 59 Indian River Lagoon (IRL) . ..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Resolution 2015-139
    Sponsored by: Puto CITY OF MARATHON, FLORIDA RESOLUTION 2015-139 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF MARATHON' FLORIDA, ADOPTING THE 2015 UPDATE oF THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRE,D BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT F.UNDING; PROVIDING FOR AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, the City of Marathon Council adopted a Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) update in2005, and an update in2011; and WHEREAS, Monroe County and the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islamorada, and Marathon have experienced hurricanes and other natural hazañ,events that pose risks to public health and safety and which may cause serious property damage; and WHEREAS, the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act, as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pre-clisaster grants to implement Ãrtain mitigation projects; and WHEREAS, pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section2TP-22, the County and municipalities must have a formal LMS Working Group ancl the I-MS Working Group must review and update the LMS every five years in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs; and WHEREAS, the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994, the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004, as amended, require local jurisdictions to aclopt a mitigation to be eligible for grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects; and WHEREAS, the planning process required by the State of Florida
    [Show full text]
  • Central Keys Area Reasonable Assurance Documentation
    Central Keys Area Reasonable Assurance Documentation F K R A D FKRAD Program December 2008 Prepared for FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Watershed Management Bureau Tallahassee, Florida Prepared by Camp, Dresser & McKee, Inc. URS Corporation Southern 1715 N. Westshore Boulevard 7650 Courtney Campbell Causeway Tampa, Florida 33607 Tampa, Florida 33607 Florida Department of Environmental Protection REASONABLE ASSURANCE DOCUMENTATION CENTRAL KEYS AREA F K R A D December 2008 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Central Keys Area Reasonable Assurance Document was developed under the direction of Mr. Fred Calder and Mr. Pat Fricano of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) with the assistance of the following stakeholder’s representatives: Ms. Suzy Thomas, Director of Community Services and Mr. Mike Hatfield, P.E., Weiler Engineering, City of Marathon Mr. Clyde Burnett, Mayor/City Administrator, City of Key Colony Beach; Mr. Philip “Skip” Haring, Assistant to Mayor City of Layton; Ms. Elizabeth Wood, P.E., Wastewater Section Chief, Monroe County; Mr. Jaime Barrera, FDOT District VI; and Mr. Fred Hand, Bureau of Facilities, FDEP. The authors gratefully acknowledge the comments review comments of the Stakeholders technical representatives and Mr. Gus Rios, Manager of FDEP’s Marathon Service Office. The document was developed a collaborative effort led by Mr. Scott McClelland of CDM Inc. and Mr. Stephen Lienhart of URS Corporation. S:\FDEP\Central RAD\FKRAD Central Cover and Prelim.doc i Florida Department of Environmental Protection REASONABLE ASSURANCE DOCUMENTATION CENTRAL KEYS AREA F K R A D December 2008 Central Keys Area Stakeholders Documents As a measure of reasonable assurance and support of this document, the stakeholders in the Central Keys Area (City of Marathon, City of Key Colony Beach, City of Layton, Monroe County, FDOT and the Florida State Parks Service) have provided signed documents confirming that the management activities identified in this document indeed reflect the commitments of the stakeholders.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation and Coastal Element Data Inventory and Analysis
    City of Marathon Comprehensive Plan CONSERVATION AND COASTAL ELEMENT DATA INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS This section addresses the data inventory requirements supportive of the development of goals, objectives, policies, and implementation programs for the Conservation and Coastal Element. (§9J-5.012(2) and §9J-5.013(1), F.A.C.) Environmental Setting of Marathon and the Florida Keys The low-lying limestone islands comprising the Florida Keys extend 233 miles southwestward in a gradual arc from Biscayne bay at the southeastern tip of the Florida peninsula to the Dry Tortugas in the Gulf of Mexico. Southeast of the Keys is the Florida Reef Tract, a continuous band of coral reefs bordering the Straits of Florida, lying five to seven miles offshore and extending 220 miles from Solider Key to the Dry Tortugas. To the west and northwest is Florida Bay, a shallow embayment of the Gulf of Mexico with an extensive network of carbonate mud shoals and seagrass beds (Florida DER, 1987d). At the top of the Upper Keys, Card Sound and Barnes Sound are shallow embayments which tie into Biscayne Bay. Climate Marathon and the Florida Keys experience a subtropical savanna-type climate characterized by warm humid summers and mild dry winters. The mean annual sunshine is 3,300 hours, ten percent more than the Florida Peninsula to the north. The average annual temperature in the Florida Keys ranges from a summer high of 89 degrees in July to a winter low of 63 degrees in February. Temperatures below freezing have not been recorded in the Keys, primarily due to the meliorative effects of the warm marine waters in the area and the presence of the warm Gulf Stream along the coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Response and Restoration for Coral Reef Injuries In
    Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks Oceanography Faculty Reports Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences 6-1-2007 Rapid Response and Restoration for Coral Reef Injuries in Southeast Florida: Guidelines and Recommendations Chantal Collier Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Coral Reef Conservation Program Richard E. Dodge Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center, [email protected] David S. Gilliam Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center, [email protected] Kelly Gracie Tetra Tech EC Inc. Lisa Gregg Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission See next page for additional authors Findollo outw thi mors aend infor addmitationional a boutworkNs oavta: hSouthettp://nastseuwrn orkUnivs.enorsitvya.aenddu/oc the Oc_faceacrnoegrporaptshic Center. Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Recommended Citation Collier, C., R. Dodge, D. Gilliam, K. Gracie, L. Gregg, W. Jaap, M. Mastry, and N. Poulos. 2007. "Rapid Response and Restoration for Coral Reef Injuries in Southeast Florida: Guidelines and Recommendations." The eD partment of Environmental Protection, 63pp. This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Oceanography Faculty Reports by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Chantal Collier, Richard E. Dodge, David S. Gilliam, Kelly Gracie, Lisa Gregg, Walter Jaap, Mike Mastry, and Nikki Poulos This report is available at NSUWorks: http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_facreports/11 RAPID RESPONSE AND RESTORATION FOR CORAL REEF INJURIES IN SOUTHEAST FLORIDA Guidelines and Recommendations A Maritime Industry and Coastal Construction Impacts Focus Area Project of the Southeast Florida Coral Reef Initiative June 2007 Rapid Response and Restoration for Coral Reef Injuries in Southeast Florida: Guidelines and Recommendations Dedicated to Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Nature-Based Coastal Defenses in Southeast Florida Published by Coral Cove Dune Restoration Project
    Nature-Based Coastal Defenses Published by in Southeast Florida INTRODUCTION Miami Beach skyline ©Ines Hegedus-Garcia, 2013 ssessments of the world’s metropolitan areas with the most to lose from hurricanes and sea level rise place Asoutheast Florida at the very top of their lists. Much infrastructure and many homes, businesses and natural areas from Key West to the Palm Beaches are already at or near sea level and vulnerable to flooding and erosion from waves and storm surges. The region had 5.6 million residents in 2010–a population greater than that of 30 states–and for many of these people, coastal flooding and erosion are not only anticipated risks of tomorrow’s hurricanes, but a regular consequence of today’s highest tides. Hurricane Sandy approaching the northeast coast of the United States. ©NASA Billions of dollars in property value may be swept away in one storm or slowly eroded by creeping sea level rise. This double threat, coupled with a clearly accelerating rate of sea level rise and predictions of stronger hurricanes and continued population growth in the years ahead, has led to increasing demand for action and willingness on the parts of the public and private sectors to be a part of solutions. Practical people and the government institutions that serve them want to know what those solutions are and what they will cost. Traditional “grey infrastructure” such as seawalls and breakwaters is already common in the region but it is not the only option. Grey infrastructure will always have a place here and in some instances it is the only sensible choice, but it has significant drawbacks.
    [Show full text]
  • Monroe County Stormwater Management Master Plan
    Monroe County Monroe County Stormwater Management Master Plan Prepared for Monroe County by Camp Dresser & McKee, Inc. August 2001 file:///F|/GSG/PDF Files/Stormwater/SMMPCover.htm [12/31/2001 3:10:29 PM] Monroe County Stormwater Management Master Plan Acknowledgements Monroe County Commissioners Dixie Spehar (District 1) George Neugent, Mayor (District 2) Charles "Sonny" McCoy (District 3) Nora Williams, Mayor Pro Tem (District 4) Murray Nelson (District 5) Monroe County Staff Tim McGarry, Director, Growth Management Division George Garrett, Director, Marine Resources Department Dave Koppel, Director, Engineering Department Stormwater Technical Advisory Committee Richard Alleman, Planning Department, South Florida WMD Paul Linton, Planning Department, South Florida WMD Murray Miller, Planning Department, South Florida WMD Dave Fernandez, Director of Utilities, City of Key West Roland Flowers, City of Key West Richard Harvey, South Florida Office U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ann Lazar, Department of Community Affairs Erik Orsak, Environmental Contaminants, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Gus Rios, Dept. of Environmental Protection Debbie Peterson, Planning Department, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Teresa Tinker, Office of Planning and Budgeting, Executive Office of the Governor Eric Livingston, Bureau Chief, Watershed Mgmt, Dept. of Environmental Protection AB i C:\Documents and Settings\mcclellandsi\My Documents\Projects\SIM Projects\Monroe County SMMP\Volume 1 Data & Objectives Report\Task I Report\Acknowledgements.doc Monroe County Stormwater Management Master Plan Stormwater Technical Advisory Committee (continued) Charles Baldwin, Islamorada, Village of Islands Greg Tindle, Islamorada, Village of Islands Zulie Williams, Islamorada, Village of Islands Ricardo Salazar, Department of Transportation Cathy Owen, Dept. of Transportation Bill Botten, Mayor, Key Colony Beach Carlos de Rojas, Regulation Department, South Florida WMD Tony Waterhouse, Regulation Department, South Florida WMD Robert Brock, Everglades National Park, S.
    [Show full text]
  • Tortugas Ecological Reserve
    Strategy for Stewardship Tortugas Ecological Reserve U.S. Department of Commerce DraftSupplemental National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Environmental National Ocean Service ImpactStatement/ Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management DraftSupplemental Marine Sanctuaries Division ManagementPlan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS), working in cooperation with the State of Florida, the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council, and the National Marine Fisheries Service, proposes to establish a 151 square nautical mile “no- take” ecological reserve to protect the critical coral reef ecosystem of the Tortugas, a remote area in the western part of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The reserve would consist of two sections, Tortugas North and Tortugas South, and would require an expansion of Sanctuary boundaries to protect important coral reef resources in the areas of Sherwood Forest and Riley’s Hump. An ecological reserve in the Tortugas will preserve the richness of species and health of fish stocks in the Tortugas and throughout the Florida Keys, helping to ensure the stability of commercial and recreational fisheries. The reserve will protect important spawning areas for snapper and grouper, as well as valuable deepwater habitat for other commercial species. Restrictions on vessel discharge and anchoring will protect water quality and habitat complexity. The proposed reserve’s geographical isolation will help scientists distinguish between natural and human-caused changes to the coral reef environment. Protecting Ocean Wilderness Creating an ecological reserve in the Tortugas will protect some of the most productive and unique marine resources of the Sanctuary. Because of its remote location 70 miles west of Key West and more than 140 miles from mainland Florida, the Tortugas region has the best water quality in the Sanctuary.
    [Show full text]
  • Southeast Florida Reef-Wide Post-Irma Coral Disease Surveys
    Southeast Florida reef-wide Post-Irma coral disease surveys Florida Department of Environmental Protection Coral Reef Conservation Program Southeast Florida reef-wide Post-Irma coral disease surveys Final Summary Report Prepared By: Brian K. Walker PhD Nova Southeastern University Halmos College of Natural Science and Oceanography 8000 N. Ocean Drive Dania Beach, FL 33004-3078 April 20, 2018 Completed in Fulfillment of PO B1FF46 for Florida Department of Environmental Protection Coral Reef Conservation Program 1277 N.E. 79th Street Causeway Miami, FL 33138 This report should be cited as follows: Walker, B. 2018. Southeast Florida reef-wide Post-Irma coral disease surveys. Florida DEP. Miami, FL. Pp. 1-37. This report was prepared for the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida Coastal Office by Nova Southeastern University. Funding was provided by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection Award No. B1FF46. The total cost of the project was $42,954.63. The views, statements, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the State of Florida, EPA or any of its sub-agencies. Executive Summary Florida’s coral reefs are currently experiencing a multi-year outbreak of coral disease that have resulted in the mortality of millions of corals across southeast Florida, Biscayne National Park, and the Upper and Middle Florida Keys. In early September 2017, Hurricane Irma impacted the entire FRT. The purpose of this project was to conduct field surveys to identify the current state of the coral reefs in southeast Florida and coordinate with other concomitant reef tract efforts to improve the regional understanding of the extent of the disease outbreak and identify recent hurricane injury to direct future restoration.
    [Show full text]
  • South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force
    South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force LEADERSHIP . PARTNERSHIP . RESULTS [DOCUMENT TITLE] 2018 Biennial[Document subtitle] Report EvergladesRestoration.gov Restoring America’s Everglades South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force: 2018 Biennial Report Report Purpose The Biennial Report satisfies the requirements of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 to report biennially on South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force activities and progress made toward restoration. The reporting period for this edition is July 1, 2016 – June 30, 2018. The Biennial Report is intended for four principal audiences: • United States Congress • Florida Legislature • Seminole Tribe of Florida • Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida The information included in this report will also be broadly shared with state and federal agencies, local governments, and stakeholders interested in the restoration of the South Florida Ecosystem. The Biennial Report is part of a suite of Everglades restoration documents prepared by the Office of Everglades Restoration Initiatives on behalf of the Task Force, all of which can be found at: EvergladesRestoration.gov 2018 BIENNIAL REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Everglades Restoration and the South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force The South Florida Ecosystem is a unique natural treasure. An 18,000-square-mile region of subtropical uplands, wetlands, and coral reefs, the ecosystem extends from the Kissimmee Chain of Lakes south of Orlando to Florida Bay and the reefs southwest of the Florida Keys. A century of changes to the ecosystem, including an extensive network of canals and levees to drain land for agricultural and residential development, are being re-examined and reworked in order to restore this water-based system.
    [Show full text]
  • BISCAYNE NATIONAL PARK the Florida Keys Begin with Soldier Key in the Northern Section of the Park and Continue to the South and West
    CHAPTER TWO: BACKGROUND HISTORY GEOLOGY AND PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF BISCAYNE NATIONAL PARK The Florida Keys begin with Soldier Key in the northern section of the Park and continue to the south and west. The upper Florida Keys (from Soldier to Big Pine Key) are the remains of a shallow coral patch reef that thrived one hundred thousand or more years ago, during the Pleistocene epoch. The ocean level subsided during the following glacial period, exposing the coral to die in the air and sunlight. The coral was transformed into a stone often called coral rock, but more correctly termed Key Largo limestone. The other limestones of the Florida peninsula are related to the Key Largo; all are basically soft limestones, but with different bases. The nearby Miami oolitic limestone, for example, was formed by the precipitation of calcium carbonate from seawater into tiny oval particles (oolites),2 while farther north along the Florida east coast the coquina of the Anastasia formation was formed around the shells of Pleistocene sea creatures. When the first aboriginal peoples arrived in South Florida approximately 10,000 years ago, Biscayne Bay was a freshwater marsh or lake that extended from the rocky hills of the present- day keys to the ridge that forms the current Florida coast. The retreat of the glaciers brought about a gradual rise in global sea levels and resulted in the inundation of the basin by seawater some 4,000 years ago. Two thousand years later, the rising waters levelled off, leaving the Florida Keys, mainland, and Biscayne Bay with something similar to their current appearance.3 The keys change.
    [Show full text]
  • The Climate Around Climate Change on Florida's Reefs
    THE CLIMATE AROUND CLIMATE CHANGE ON FLORIDA’S REEFS: IN ACTION OR INACTION? A Qualitative Evaluation of the Climate Change Action Plan for the Florida Reef System 2010-2015 by MALLORY MORGAN Photo Credit: NOAA SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY M.A.S. MARINE BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION FINAL CAPSTONE REPORT - JUNE 11, 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS Final Capstone Project Signature Form……………………………………………………………………………………..….3 Preface…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….....4 Abstract………………………………………………………………..………….…………………………………………………………4 Acronym List……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………..6 Background………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...7 The Action Plan……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….8 Methodology……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..12 In-person Interviews……………………………………………………………………………………………………..13 Phone Interviews…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..14 Online Surveys……………………………………………………………………………………………………………....14 Internet Research……………………….………………………………………………………………………………….16 Scorecard Development…………………………………………………………………………………………………16 Results…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….18 Success……………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………19 Opportunity….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….20 Discussion......…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….22 The Climate Change Lens……………………………………………………………………………………………….23 Florida Governor Bans “Climate Change”..……………………………………………………………………....25 Benefits of Monitoring and Evaluation……………………………………………………………………………25
    [Show full text]
  • No Shoes Reef 4 Deployment Star Recap
    THE PUBLICATION DEDICATED TO CONSERVING AND PROTECTING FLORIDA’S MARINE RESOURCES WINTER 20-21 SW FLORIDA REDFISH RESTOCKING NO SHOES REEF 4 DEPLOYMENT STAR RECAP SEA WATCH • WINTER 20-21 1 ExtremeAn entirely new species of predator is moving quietly offshore. The all-new, Yamaha V8 XTO Offshore. It’s more than an outboard; it’s a fully integrated power system. And it’s created an entirely new class of extreme offshore power. The Yamaha XTO Offshore was designed from the ground ® up to be smarter than anything you’ve seen offshore. Its INTEGRATED POWER SYSTEM 5.6 liters of extreme thrust and power has inspired a new class of 50-foot-plus boat. And it moves those rigs more reliably and efficiently with a naturally aspirated big block and the industry’s first direct-injection four stroke. This revolutionary new take on power is evolving the entire offshore boating experience. Learn more about the Yamaha 425 hp 5.6L V8 XTO Offshore at YamahaOutboards.com/XTO. Available in new, Pearlescent White and Classic Yamaha Gray INDUSTRY-FIRST DIRECT-INJECTION INDUSTRY-EXCLUSIVE INTEGRATED UP TO 90 AMPS OF ELECTRICAL POWER RELIABLE OVERSIZED GEARCASE FOUR STROKE ELECTRIC STEERING SYSTEM WITH HARDENED GEARS REMEMBER to always observe all applicable boating laws. Never drink and drive. Dress properly with a USCG-approved personal floatation device and protective gear. © 2018 Yamaha Motor Corporation, U.S.A. All rights reserved. 1-800-889-2624 2 SEA WATCH • WINTER 20-21 2000 Redfish Released in WINTER 20-21 Charlotte County | 12 features S.T.A.R.
    [Show full text]