Bulletin of the German Historical Institute | 57 Bulletin of the German Historical Institute Fall 2015
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Fall 2015 Bulletin of the German Historical Institute | 57 Bulletin of the German Historical Institute Fall 2015 1607 NEW HAMPSHIRE AVE NW WWW.GHI-DC.ORG WASHINGTON DC 20009 USA [email protected] German Historical Institute Washington DC Fellows and Staff For further information, please consult our web site: www.ghi-dc.org Prof. Dr. Simone Lässig, Director History of knowledge; German social and cultural history; Jewish history; history of religion and religiosity; historical education, educational media and digital humanities Prof. Dr. Britta Waldschmidt-Nelson, Deputy Director African American Studies, transatlantic relations, gender history, American religious history Stefan Böhm, Administrative Director Dr. Elisabeth Engel, Research Fellow North American history; race and empire; modern colonialism; Atlantic and transnational history; Bulletin of the German Historical Institute postcolonial studies; history of capitalism Washington DC Dr. Mischa Honeck, Research Fellow Editor: Richard F. Wetzell 19th and 20th-century American history; transnational history; history of ethnicity and race relations; gender history; history of youth and youth movements The Bulletin appears twice a year and is available free of charge. Dr. Jan Jansen, Research Fellow Modern European, North African, and Atlantic History; colonialism and decolonization; Current and back issues are available online at: memory studies; migration studies; global history of freemasonry www.ghi-dc.org/bulletin Dr. Ines Prodöhl, Research Fellow To sign up for a subscription or to report an address change Global history, cultural and economic history, civil society please contact Ms. Susanne Fabricius at [email protected]. Dr. Anne Schenderlein, Research Fellow German Jewish history; migration and transnationalism; everyday life and consumption; For editorial comments or inquiries, please contact memory and emotion the editor at [email protected] or at the address below. Dr. Richard F. Wetzell, Research Fellow and Editor Modern European and German history; intellectual and cultural history; legal history; For further information about the GHI, please visit our history of science and medicine; history of sexuality web site www.ghi-dc.org. Dr. Thomas L. Hughes, Senior Visiting Research Fellow For general inquiries, please send an email to [email protected]. Dr. Robert Gerald Livingston, Senior Visiting Research Fellow German Historical Institute Jessica Csoma, Research Associate 1607 New Hampshire Ave NW Bryan Hart, Research Associate Washington DC 20009-2562 David B. Lazar, Senior Editor USA Dr. Kelly McCullough, Project Manager Phone: (202) 387-3355 Atiba Pertilla, Project Associate Fax: (202) 483-3430 Dr. Mark Stoneman, Editor Dr. Patricia Sutcliffe, Editor © German Historical Institute 2015 Dr. Benjamin Schwantes, Project Associate All rights reserved Christoph Bottin, IT/Web ISSN 1048-9134 Anita Brown, Library Associate Susanne Fabricius, Assistant to the Director Evi Hartmann, Head Librarian Betsy Hauck, Administrative Assistant Mary Lane, Administrative Assistant Elisabeth Mait, Library Associate Lemlem Meconen-Anderson, Assistant to the Director Jörg Schröder, Deputy Administrative Director Bulletin of the German Historical Institute 57 | Fall 2015 3 Preface FEATURES 7 History Lived and History Written: Germany and the United States, 1945/55-2015 Charles S. Maier 25 Between Recovery and Decline: Observations of an Economic Historian on the Obama Years and Beyond Hartmut Berghoff 47 Security, Privacy, and the German-American Relationship Loch K. Johnson 75 In Search of Atlantic Sociability: Freemasons, Empires, and Atlantic History Jan C. Jansen 101 From Sex in Colonial Africa to Anticolonialism in the Bedroom: Refl ections on the African American Missionary Position Elisabeth Engel CONFERENCE REPORTS 123 Germans in the Pacifi c World from the late 17th to 20th Century Sky Michael Johnston and Teresa Walch 129 Consumer Engineering: Mid-Century Mass Consumption between Planning Euphoria and the Limits of Growth, 1930s-1970s Julian Faust 137 Jewish Consumer Cultures in 19th and 20th Century Europe and America Uwe Spiekermann, Paul Lerner, and Anne C. Schenderlein 147 Twelfth Workshop on Early Modern Central European History 147 TwelfthSaskia Limbach Workshop on Early Modern Central European History 151 A Great Divide? America between Exceptionalism and 151 Transnationalism A Great Divide? America between Exceptionalism and MichaelTransnationalism Kimmage Michael Kimmage 157 21st Transatlantic Doctoral Seminar: Twentieth-Century 157 German 21st Transatlantic History Doctoral Seminar: Twentieth-Century RichardGerman F.History Wetzell Richard F. Wetzell 163 The Practices of Structural Policy in Western Market 163 Economies The Practices since of Structuralthe 1960s Policy in Western Market RüdigerEconomies Gerlach since and the Astrid 1960s M. Eckert Rüdiger Gerlach and Astrid M. Eckert 171 Nature Protection, Environmental Policy and Social Movements 171 in Nature Communist Protection, and Capitalist Environmental Countries Policy during and Social the Cold Movements War Timothyin Communist J. Schmalz and Capitalist and Natalie Countries Smith during the Cold War Timothy J. Schmalz and Natalie Smith 177 The U.S. South in the Black Atlantic: Transnational Histories 177 of The the U.S. Jim South Crow in South the Black since Atlantic: 1865 Transnational Histories Elisabethof the Jim Engel, Crow NicholasSouth since Grant, 1865 and Mischa Honeck Elisabeth Engel, Nicholas Grant, and Mischa Honeck 183 Archival Summer Seminar 183 ElisabethArchival Summer Engel Seminar Elisabeth Engel 189 GHI NEWS 189 GHI NEWS GHI Welcomes Simone Lässig as New Director 2015GHI Welcomes Franz Steiner Simone Prize Lässig as New Director New2015 GHIFranz Publications Steiner Prize StaffNew GHIChanges Publications GHIStaff Fellowships Changes and Internships RecipientsGHI Fellowships of GHI and Fellowships Internships GHIRecipients Doctoral of andGHI ResearchFellowships Seminars, Spring 2015 GHI CalendarDoctoral andof Events Research 2015-16 Seminars, Spring 2015 GHI LibraryCalendar of Events 2015-16 GHI Library 2 BULLETIN OF THE GHI | 57 | FALL 2015 2 BULLETIN OF THE GHI | 57 | FALL 2015 PREFACE This issue of the Bulletin marks the end of my term as Director of the German Historical Institute. I am delighted that the Bulletin’s read- ership has continued to grow during my tenure and that, beyond performing the service of informing the academic community about the GHI’s activities, the Bulletin has become widely recognized as a journal featuring fi rst-rate scholarship. As I leave my post, I have, from the vantage point of an economic historian, refl ected on my years in the United States, delivering a “Farewell Lecture” on this theme at the GHI last June and at the German Embassy last September, which is published in this issue. My successor as Director of the GHI, as of October 1, is Simone Lässig, who is on leave from her position as Director of the Georg Eckert Institute for International Textbook Research in Braunschweig. I know that the GHI will be in very good hands with Professor Lässig and would like to convey all my best wishes for her tenure at the Institute. My farewell lecture is not the only article featuring personal refl ections in this issue. In “History Lived and History Written: Germany and the United States, 1945/55-2015,” which was fi rst delivered as the Gerald Feldman Memorial Lecture this past May, the distinguished historian Charles Maier (Harvard University) off ers his personal refl ections on both “lived history” and “written history” in Germany and the United States since the end of the Second World War. This issue’s third fea- ture article, by Loch Johnson (University of Georgia), one of America’s leading scholars of national security, is based on a lecture he delivered in the GHI’s 2015 Spring Lecture Series on “Intelligence Services and Civil Liberties: Security and Privacy in Historical Perspective.” In this article Johnson provides an incisive, historically informed analysis of the recent German-American controversies over the proper balance of national security and privacy that were fueled by Edward Snowden’s revelations concerning the National Security Agency’s mass surveil- lance of phone calls and internet traffi c worldwide. The remaining two feature articles present the research of GHI Research Fellows. Jan Jansen’s article “In Search of Atlantic Sociability: Freemasons, Empires, and Atlantic History” sketches the contributions that Jansen’s projected history of Atlantic masonic PREFACE 3 networks and sociability in the decades around 1800 will make to the comparative history of empires as well as to Atlantic and global history. Elisabeth Engel’s article “From Sex in Colonial Africa to Anticolonialism in the Bedroom: Refl ections on the African American Missionary Position,” which draws on her recently completed dissertation, which won the 2015 Franz Steiner Prize, argues that the travel writing of African American missionaries in Africa transformed both colonial and pan-African discourses about the relationship between African Americans and Africa by altering dominant assumptions about what the markers of sameness and diff erence were in the intimate domains of home, sex and family. This issue’s conference reports range from Germans in the Pacifi c world to the history of “consumer engineering,” from environmental history to the “Black Atlantic,” from the early modern period to the twentieth century, and thus once again illustrate the diversity of research