DOCSLIB.ORG

9781349681099.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
9781349681099.Pdf From Psycho-Analysis to Culture-Analysis Also by Marwan Dwairy COUNSELING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY WITH ARABS AND MUSLIMS: A Culturally Sensitive Approach CROSS-CULTURAL COUNSELLING: The Arab Palestinian Case From Psycho-Analysis to Culture-Analysis A Within-Culture Psychotherapy Marwan Dwairy Oranim Academic College, Israel palgrave macmillan © Marwan Dwairy 2015 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2015 978-1-137-40792-4 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-68109-9 ISBN 978-1-137-40793-1()eBook DOI 10.1057/9781137407931 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Dwairy, Marwan Adeeb. From psycho-analysis to culture-analysis : a within-culture psychotherapy / Marwan Dwairy. pages cm 1. Psychoanalysis. 2. Cross-cultural counseling. 3. Cultural psychiatry. I. Title. BF173.D93 2015 150.195—dc23 2015012362 Contents List of Tables, Figures, and Boxes viii Introduction 1 1 Culture and Psychology 4 Collectivistic culture 7 Psychological development 10 Personality theories 11 Psychopathology 14 Conclusion 16 2 Fitness of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy Across Cultures 18 Psychotherapy misses the main social domain and becomes entrenched in the intra-psychic one 19 The objectives of psychotherapy may be counter-productive 19 Transference and resistance in therapy 20 Non-directive therapy 21 Disputation of irrational thoughts 22 Conclusion 24 3 Contradictions and Inconsistencies in a Culture 26 Diversity and personal selection within individualistic and collectivistic cultures 28 Contradictions and inconsistency in the Bible 29 Contradictions and inconsistency in the Qura’an 32 Contradictions and inconsistency in proverbs 35 How do people deal with contradictions? 38 Conclusion 40 4 Culture Analysis 42 Resistance 42 External resistance 43 Case example 44 v vi Contents Culture analysis 47 Stages of culture analysis 50 A comparison of culture analysis and psychoanalysis 52 When is culture analysis considered? 53 Culture analysis with Ahmad and his father 55 Conclusion 60 5 Using Metaphors in Culture Analysis 62 Metaphors in cultures 62 Metaphors in culture analysis 64 Metaphor therapy 64 A case of metaphor therapy: “Swimming against the stream” 66 How does metaphor therapy work? 69 Metaphors and images are a true reality 70 A two-layer bio-psycho-social model 71 How do these two layers interact? 72 Psychotherapy and the bio-psycho-social system 74 Metaphoric psychotherapies 74 Treatment via dreams 75 Art therapy 76 Symptoms as metaphors 77 Conclusion 79 6 Culture Analysis and Memories 81 Memories in psychotherapy 82 Memories as a resource for detecting inconsistencies 83 Adler’s early recollection 85 Dana’s case 87 Personality types based on memories 91 Affect bridge to significant memories 96 Lafi’s case 97 Lamia’s case 101 Conclusion 105 7 Physical Environment and Culture Analysis 107 Talking about a significant object (TASO) 109 Yaser’s case 110 Conclusion 114 Contents vii 8 Cases 116 Integrative case 1: Samer: God does not love me 116 Integrative case 2: Badera: Turning the other cheek 132 Integrative case 3: Kamel: A life of charity 142 Therapeutic vignette 1: Moderating extreme Islamic values to treat anxiety and nervousness 153 Therapeutic vignette 2: Culture analysis within a friendship to treat anxiety and nightmares 159 Therapeutic vignette 3: Employing “Trust in God” in treatment of anxiety disorders 163 References 167 Index 172 Tables, Figures, and Boxes Tables 1.1 Characteristics of individualistic versus collectivistic cultures 8 4.1 Comparison of psychoanalysis and culture analysis 53 Figures 1.1 A continuum of individualism (circles) and collectivism (squares) 6 3.1 Cultural directives of “Yes” and “No” toward certain topics indicated by numbers 27 3.2 Two people select directives from the same culture to which they affiliate themselves 38 3.3 A person’s change in values in two different contexts 40 4.1 Two persons from the same culture select different values and they each alter their values according to the context 48 5.1 A two-layer bio-psycho-social model 72 Boxes 1.1 Dependent personality disorder 301.6 16 viii Introduction After finishing my studies in psychology in 1978, I opened the first psychological services center to be situated among the Arab- Palestinian population in Israel. It was located in Nazareth, and I worked with Muslim and Christian clients. It did not take me long to realize that the tools, techniques, and theories I had learned at university were not effective. The reasons for this were many: talk therapy disappointed most of the clients, who wanted something concrete, such as medication; addressing personal or intimate issues was embarrassing and was resisted; clients were not able to express or talk about their feelings; many issues that were discussed were determined by the clients’ unconditional acceptance of norms and customs, which also limited these discussions; clients always pro- jected the responsibility for what was happening onto others without taking personal responsibility; and many terms related to the self, such as self-fulfillment, self-awareness, or self-responsibility, were foreign to them. At that time, I felt that the theories I had learned did not fit the people of Nazareth. I was convinced that psychotherapy could not succeed as long as these people still held traditional norms and atti- tudes that dismissed the individual’s rights, needs, and freedom of choice. I invested a lot of energy and became active in many social organizations in the community in order to bring about social and cultural change. Only in 1994, after I had moved to live and work in the US, could I gain a new perspective on my culture and I then realized that the theories I had learned and adopted are not universal, but rather need to be revised or changed in order to fit people who 1 2 From Psycho-Analysis to Culture-Analysis live in collectivistic and traditional cultures. I became convinced that psychotherapy should not be used as a tool for changing the client’s culture, but rather it should be used to find ways to help the client feel better within her culture. Since then I have become active in develop- ing and adapting therapeutic techniques for clients from collectivistic cultures, including African, South American, and Asian cultures. The idea of working within the client’s culture is not new and has been adopted by many scholars who work with collectivistic cultures. Culture analysis is an approach and technique that directs therapists in how to use the client’s culture to facilitate change. According to this approach, culture is not a static barrier that hinders psychother- apy, but rather is dynamic and can be employed to facilitate it. This attitude is based on the fact that every culture has internal conflicts and inconsistencies and that each member of each culture selectively adopts some aspects of the culture and neglects others. When such a client reaches an impasse in coping with a certain psychological prob- lem or symptom, the values and attitudes that the client has selected during the course of his life need to be revised. I coin the term “culture analysis” in order to orchestrate it together with psychoanalysis to indicate that for people from collectivistic cul- tures who adopt collective selves, the main analysis should be in the cultural realm before the psychological realm, and to indicate the similarity between the two approaches where both look for contents that are remote from the client’s consciousness or awareness: psy- choanalysis looks for repressed drives, needs, and wishes within the client’s psyche, and culture analysis looks for neglected, overseen, or rejected values and attitudes within the client’s culture. In both cases, bringing new content to consciousness initiates a process of change. One major difference between the two approaches is that in psycho- analysis the new content typically causes resistance within the client and conflicts with her family, while in culture analysis no resistance takes place and no confrontations with the family are expected. In the first chapter of this book, I explain the relationship between psychological theories and culture and how psychology emerged as a byproduct of individualism as a means of understanding the individual entity in the West. In Chapter 2, I focus on psychother- apy in order to show the discrepancy between the objectives of psychotherapy and the norms and values of clients who belong to a collectivistic culture and demonstrate that, as a result of this Introduction 3 discrepancy, psychotherapy with these clients may sometimes be counterproductive.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Food-Based Dietary Guidelines Around the World: Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Countries
    nutrients Review Food-Based Dietary Guidelines around the World: Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Countries Concetta Montagnese 1,*, Lidia Santarpia 2,3, Fabio Iavarone 2, Francesca Strangio 2, Brigida Sangiovanni 2, Margherita Buonifacio 2, Anna Rita Caldara 2, Eufemia Silvestri 2, Franco Contaldo 2,3 and Fabrizio Pasanisi 2,3 1 Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Napoli, Italy 2 Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (L.S.); [email protected] (F.I.); [email protected] (F.S.); [email protected] (B.S.); [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (A.R.C.); [email protected] (E.S.); [email protected] (F.C.); [email protected] (F.P.) 3 Interuniversity Center for Obesity and Eating Disorders, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +0039-081-746-2333 Received: 28 April 2019; Accepted: 10 June 2019; Published: 13 June 2019 Abstract: In Eastern Mediterranean countries, undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies coexist with overnutrition-related diseases, such as obesity, heart disease, diabetes and cancer. Many Mediterranean countries have produced Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) to provide the general population with indications for healthy nutrition and lifestyles. This narrative review analyses Eastern Mediterranean countries’ FBDGs and discusses their pictorial representations, food groupings and associated messages on healthy eating and behaviours. In 2012, both the WHO and the Arab Center for Nutrition developed specific dietary guidelines for Arab countries. In addition, seven countries, representing 29% of the Eastern Mediterranean Region population, designated their national FBDGs.
    [Show full text]
  • Syria & Its Neighbours
    Syria Studies i The View From Without: Syria & Its Neighbours Özden Zeynep Oktav Tine Gade Taku Osoegawa Syria Studies ii Syria Studies An open-access, peer reviewed, & indexed journal published online by: The Centre for Syrian Studies (CSS) University of St Andrews Raymond Hinnebusch (Editor-In-Chief) & Omar Imady (Managing Editor) Syria Studies iii _______________ © 2014 by the University of St Andrews, Centre for Syrian Studies Published by the University of St Andrews, Centre for Syrian Studies School of International Relations Fife, Scotland, UK ISSN 2056-3175 Syria Studies iv Contents Preface v-vi Omar Imady The Syrian Civil War and Turkey-Syria-Iran Relations 1-19 Özden Zeynep Oktav Sunni Islamists in Tripoli and the Asad regime 1966-2014 20-65 Tine Gade Coping with Asad: Lebanese Prime Ministers’ Strategies 66-81 Taku Osoegawa iv Syria Studies v Preface Omar Imady In this issue of Syria Studies, we move to a regional perspective of Syria, examining recent political dynamics involving Turkey and Lebanon. Three contributions by scholars on Syria are included in this issue, and their findings consistently point to just how charged and often hostile Syria’s relationships with its neighbours have been. In The Syrian Civil War and Turkey-Syria-Iran Relations, Özden Zeynep Oktav takes us on a fascinating journey from 2002 when the Justice and Development Party came to power, and until the present. Oktav highlights the period when Turkey sought a state of ‘zero problem with its neighbours’ and the positive implications this had on its relationship with Syria in particular. The advent of the Arab Spring, and the events that unfolded in Syria after March 2011, caused a dramatic change in Turkey’s foreign policy.
    [Show full text]
  • Fast, from Scratch. Gluten-Free Vegetarian from Scratch, Every Day
    BAKERY flatbreads FOUR CHEESE $10 blend of akkawi, white cheddar, parmesan and mozzarella cheese, tomato, basil ZAATAR $6 bAKERY extras add cheese +$1 changes daily, limited availability. ground dried thyme, oregano, FALAFILL OFFERS A VARIETY OF sumac, toasted sesame, olive oil FRESH BAKERY ITEMS INCLUDING: • MANAEESH MUHAMARAH $7 • FATAYER (cheese / spinach) add cheese +$1 • BEEF SAFIHA roasted tomato red pepper spread, • CHICKEN MUSAKAN walnuts, pomegranate molasses, • RICE & BEEF OZZI black olives, onion • SAMBOUSA (beef / cheese) SUJUK $8 EAST MEDITERRANEAN LoKITCHEN & MARKET spicy beef sausage, mozzarella re THE GARDEN $10 oven baked tomato spread, grilled eggplant, roasted red pepper, mozzarella, feta cheese, kalamata olives, basil gluten-free crust available upon request. Making flavorful food part of your everyday life. Fast, from scratch. gluten-free vegetarian From scratch, every day. Flavorful small plates served with choice of pita bread or pita chips salads spreads TABBOULEH $3/$6 HUMMUS $3/$6 BABA GHANOUJ $3/$6 bulgur wheat, parsley, tomatoes, chickpeas, tahini, lemon, garlic fire roasted eggplant, tahini, red onion, dry mint, lemon vinaigrette olive oil, lemon, garlic MUHAMMARA $4/$8 QUINOA TABBOULEH $4/$8 fire roasted red pepper, walnuts, MAHROUSEH $3/$6 quinoa, parsley, tomatoes, red onion, cumin, garlic, pomegranate creamy garlic potato mousse, dry mint, lemon vinaigrette LEVANTINE $3/$6 molasses, breadcrumbs yogurt, lemon, olive oil tomato, cucumber, parsley, MINTED CABBAGE $2/$4 lemon, dressed with tahini dips shredded
    [Show full text]
  • Forgotten Palestinians
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 THE FORGOTTEN PALESTINIANS 10 1 2 3 4 5 6x 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 36x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 36x 1 2 3 4 5 THE FORGOTTEN 6 PALESTINIANS 7 8 A History of the Palestinians in Israel 9 10 1 2 3 Ilan Pappé 4 5 6x 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS 5 NEW HAVEN AND LONDON 36x 1 In memory of the thirteen Palestinian citizens who were shot dead by the 2 Israeli police in October 2000 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 Copyright © 2011 Ilan Pappé 6 The right of Ilan Pappé to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by 7 him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. 8 All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright 9 Law and except by reviewers for the public press) without written permission from 20 the publishers. 1 For information about this and other Yale University Press publications, 2 please contact: U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Health Research in the Syrian Conflict
    Journal of Public Health | pp. 1–5 | doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdab160 Perspectives Health research in the Syrian conict: opportunities for Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jpubhealth/advance-article/doi/10.1093/pubmed/fdab160/6279496 by King's College London user on 23 May 2021 equitable and multidisciplinary collaboration Abdulkarim Ekzayez1,2, Amina Olabi3, Yazan Douedari4,5,6, Kristen Meagher1, Gemma Bowsher1, Bashar Farhat3, Preeti Patel1 1Research for Health System Strengthening in northern Syria (R4HSSS), Research for Health in Conflict in the Middle East and North Africa (R4HC-MENA), and the Conflict and Health Research Group (CHRG), King’s College London, WC2R 2LS, UK 2Syria Public Health Network, UK 3Union for Medical and Relief Organisations (UOSSM), UK/Turkey 4London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department of Global Health, London WC1H 9SH, UK 5Syria Research Group (SyRG), co-hosted by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, WC1E 7HT, UK 6Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, 117549, Singapore Address correspondence to Abdulkarim Ekzayez, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT There is considerable global momentum from Syrian researchers, policy makers and diaspora to address health, security and development challenges posed by almost a decade of armed conict and complex geopolitics that has resulted in different areas of political control. However, research funders have been so far reluctant to invest in large-scale research programmes in severely conict-affected areas such as northern Syria. This paper presents examples of collaborations and programmes that could change this through equitable partnerships between academic and operational humanitarian organizations involving local Syrian researchers—a tremendous way forward to capitalize and accelerate this global momentum.
    [Show full text]
  • COCKTAILS BEERS Wine by the Glass SODA &
    NEGEV COCKTAILS 12 SAINT ARNOLD BEERS 7 MOCKLY BOOZE-FREESODA COCKTAIL & TEA 6 tequila, liqueur de violette, promegrante, baharat dry cider | TX blend of tangerine, lemon, peach, basil, lemongrass add vodka, gin, or tequila +$6 47 PROBLEMS 13 URBAN SOUTH HOLY ROLLER 7 gin, lemon, lychee, brut rosé IPA | LA HOUSE POMEGRANATE LEMON SODA 6 pomegranate juice, house-made lemon syrup, Q club soda SABABA 13 SOUTHERN PROHIBITION ‘SUZY B’ 7 Honeysuckle vodka, Lillet Blanc, cucumber, lemon, Q tonic blonde ale | MS HOUSE TURMERIC SERRANO SODA 6 SECOND DOSE 14 house-made turmeric serrano syrup, lime juice, Q club soda Pimms gin, Metaxa greek brandy, lemongrass Mockly ALMAZA 7 lager | Lebanon BLACKBERRY JASMINE TEA (HOT OR ICED) 9 CHOUMALI 14 jasmine silver tip, butterfly pea, blackberry, lemon, sugar Arrak Massaya, silver rum, lemon, mint, aqua di cedro MYTHOS HELLENIC 7 lager | Greece TAHITIAN MINT TEA (HOT OR ICED) 9 NAKED WATERMELON 14 gunpowder green tea, lemon, sugar, mint tequila, Chareau aloe vera, watermelon, tropical fruit PARADISE PARK 7 lager | LA HIBISCUS MANGO TEA (HOT OR ICED) 9 SHALOMA 15 hibiscus flower, mango, sugar, fresh orange blood orange, elderflower, pink peppercorn, mezcal, thyme, rosé SMITH TEAMAKER HERBAL & FULL LEAF HOT TEAS 4 MONKEY BUSINESS 16 assorted flavors of handcrafted teas Bumbu Rum, pineapple, tiki bitters WiNE By thE Glass WHITE GL | BTL RED GL | BTL ROSÉ GL | BTL CHENIN BLANC 10 38 BARBERA 10 38 Pine Ridge Vineyards, California 2020 TEMPRANILLO 11 44 Michele Chiarlo, Italy 2017 Beronia, Spain 2019 PINOT GRIGIO
    [Show full text]
  • Linan Akkawi Book
    THE KEY is THE KEY The deal or ORdeal of the century Lina Akkawi AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT UNDERGRADUATE DESIGN THESIS IN ARCHITECTURE SUBMITTAL FORM [THE KEY IS THE KEY] by [LINA EL- AKKAWI] ARCH 508/509– FINAL YEAR THESIS I & II FALL/SPRING 2019-2020 ADVISOR: [Sinan Hassan] Approved by Thesis Advisor: [Signature] ______________________________________________________________________ [prof. SINAN HASSAN, Senior Lecturer] [Department Of Architecture And Design] Date of Thesis final presentation: [May 19, 2020] AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT THESIS, DISSERTATION, PROJECT RELEASE FORM Student Name: El- Akkawi Lina Khaled Last First Middle ArDT Project (Architecture Design Thesis) GDRP Project (Graphic Design Research Project) I authorize the American University of Beirut to: (a) reproduce hard or electronic copies of my project; (b) include such copies in the archives and digital repositories of the University; and (c) make freely available such copies to third parties for research or educational purposes. I authorize the American University of Beirut, to: (a) reproduce hard or electronic copies of my project; (b) include such copies in the archives and digital repositories of the University; and (c) make freely available such copies to third parties for research or educational purposes after : One year from the date of submission of my thesis. Two years from the date of submission of my thesis. Three years from the date of submission of my thesis. __________________________________________________ Signature Date May 26,2020 This form
    [Show full text]
  • Sunni Islamists in Tripoli and the Asad Regime 1966-2014
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by St Andrews Research Repository Syria Studies 20 2 Sunni Islamists in Tripoli and the Asad regime 1966-2014 Tine Gade♣ A city in North Lebanon with 320,310 inhabitants, Tripoli is one of the so-called “sensitive” zones where the Syrian war threatens to spread into Lebanon. While the Syrian army withdrew from North Lebanon in April 2005, Tripoli’s destiny remained intrinsically linked to Syria. This was because of the numerous historical, political, family, and economic ties linking the social space of north Lebanon to its Syrian hinterland. The demographic composition of the city resembles Syria. Tripoli’s population is in majority Sunni Muslim (80.9%) and includes, in addition to a Christian minority in decline, the largest Alawi community in Lebanon (8,9 %, or 28,525 persons) 1 . This paper analyses the consequences of the Syrian intervention and presence in Lebanon on political leadership in Tripoli. It shows how the Syrian presence created alliances, conflicts and divisions still present in Tripoli today. The main argument is that the Syrian presence in Tripoli de- structured Sunni leadership in North Lebanon. New Syrian political-economic networks emerged, where clients were awarded with political and economic influence. Common interests between Tripolitanian businessmen and actors in the Syrian military developed during the period of the Syrian presence. Tripoli’s political field became more split, between winners and losers of the Syrian presence. The losers of the Syrian period included in particular the urban poor, who suffered from Syrian repression and from competition from Syrian labourers.
    [Show full text]
  • Lebanon: Torture and Unfair Trial of the Dhinniyyah Detainees
    Lebanon: Torture and unfair trial of the Dhinniyyah detainees 1. Introduction 1.1 Use of torture and ill-treatment In recent years Lebanon has taken important steps towards greater promotion and protection of human rights. Already a state party to many important human rights treaties, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), in 2000 Lebanon acceded to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT). However, despite these positive developments and significant changes in legislation to strengthen human rights safeguards, certain categories of detainees, including the so-called Dhinniyyah group, remain at risk of serious human rights violations including torture1 and unfair trial. Categories of political prisoners particularly targeted include members of opposition parties and groups, both from Christian and Sunni Muslim communities, and people held in connection with their alleged “collaboration” or “contact” with Israel. They are normally detained incommunicado for weeks and, in some cases, even their names or places of detention are not made public. These categories of people, according to research carried out by Amnesty International, are more vulnerable to human rights abuses for their political opposition to the government and/or the Syrian military presence in Lebanon. In pre-trial detention members of Sunni Muslim groups are often labelled by the media and government officials as “terrorists” or affiliates of al-Qa’ida, and Christian political activists risk being labelled as “collaborators” with Israel. In both cases such categorization can seriously prejudice the right to fair trial.
    [Show full text]
  • Live Cooking Stations
    LIVE COOKING STATIONS Live Cooking Stations Minimum of 50 guests The Cold Caesar Salad Romaine hearts, cherry tomato, shaved parmesan, garlic croutons, anchovies, bacon, classic caesar dressing Available with grilled chicken or cajun shrimps Mediterranean Salad Bar Oak leaves, radicchio, frisée, romaine, iceberg lettuce, onion, tomato, artichoke, cucumber, carrot, celery, green chili, mustard and vinaigrette, thousand island dressing Chaat Counter Traditional bombay street food Sev papdi, chaat, panipuri, bhel puri, samosa chaat Vietnamese Rice Paper Rolls King prawn, duck breast, rice noodles, fresh herbs, salad and nam jim dressing Ceviche Sea food & fish, lime, chili, vegetables, prepare in classic peruvian ceviche style International Cheese Large selection of cheeses from around the world Grapes, jams, chutneys, crackers, nuts Savory Crepe Stuffed with a choice of: Smoked salmon, cream cheese, arugula, wild mushrooms, cheese, turkey ham, grilled vegetables, tomato, arugula Sushi Selection of nigiri, maki, sashimi Tuna and salmon, traditional condiments Cold Seafood Bar Poached seafood on ice King crab, lobster, shrimp, mussels, razor clams, oysters, octopus lemon, cocktail sauce, tartar sauce, remoulade, horseradish The Hot Pao Bhaji Exotic Indian vegetables, green peas, prepared in an Indian wok, traditional condiments, soft bun Manakish Baked and stuffed Arabic bread, akkawi cheese, olive oil, za’atar, turkey ham, lamb, labneh Dosa A Chef ’s selection of Crepe of rice flour and lentils Potato, schezwan chicken, masala dosa, cheese
    [Show full text]
  • Risk Assessment of Food
    OCCASION This publication has been made available to the public on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation. DISCLAIMER This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. Designations such as “developed”, “industrialized” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Mention of firm names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO. FAIR USE POLICY Any part of this publication may be quoted and referenced for educational and research purposes without additional permission from UNIDO. However, those who make use of quoting and referencing this publication are requested to follow the Fair Use Policy of giving due credit to UNIDO. CONTACT Please contact [email protected] for further information concerning UNIDO publications. For more information about UNIDO, please visit us at www.unido.org UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box
    [Show full text]
  • Music in Conflict: Palestine, Israel, and the Politics of Aesthetic Production
    Music in Conflict: Palestine, Israel, and the Politics of Aesthetic Production Nili Belkind Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree Of Doctor of Philosophy In the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2014 © 2014 Nili Belkind All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Music in Conflict: Palestine, Israel and the Politics of Aesthetic Production Nili Belkind This is an ethnographic study of the fraught and complex cultural politics of music making in Palestine-Israel in the context of the post-Oslo era. I examine the politics of sound and the ways in which music making and attached discourses reflect and constitute identities, and also, contextualize political action. Ethical and aesthetic positions that shape contemporary artistic production in Israel-Palestine are informed by profound imbalances of power between the State (Israel), the stateless (Palestinians of the occupied Palestinian territories), the complex positioning of Israel’s Palestinian minority, and contingent exposure to ongoing political violence. Cultural production in this period is also profoundly informed by highly polarized sentiments and retreat from the expressive modes of relationality that accompanied the 1990s peace process, strategic shifts in the Palestinian struggle for liberation, which is increasingly taking place on the world stage through diplomatic and cultural work, and the conceptual life and currency Palestine has gained as an entity deserving of statehood around the world. The ethnography attends to how the conflict is lived and expressed, musically and discursively, in both Israel and the occupied Palestinian territories (oPt) of the West Bank, encompassing different sites, institutions and individuals. I examine the ways in which music making and attached discourses reflect and constitute identities, with the understanding that musical culture is a sphere in which power and hegemony are asserted, negotiated and resisted through shifting relations between and within different groups.
    [Show full text]