o. 3 1986
SER. B VOL. 33 O. 2 orwegian Journal of Entomolog~'
P DU HED DY ORSK ZOOLOGISK TIDSSKRIFfSE L OSW Fauna norvegica Ser. B Norwegian Journal of Entomology Norsk Entomologisk Forenings tidsskrift
Appears with one volume (two issues) annually tidsskriftet ved a betale kr. 5'5,-. Andre ma betale kr. Utkommer med to hefter pr. ar 75,-. Disse innbetalinger sendes til NZT, Zoologisk Editor-in-Chief (Ansvarlig redaktor) Museum, Sarsgt. I. Oslo 5. Postgiro 2 34 83 65. John O. Solem, University of Trondheim, The Mu seum, Erl. Skakkes gt. 47. N-7000 Trondheim. FAUNA NORVEGICA B publishes original new in formation generally relevant to Norwegian entomo Editorial Committee (Redaksjonskomite) logy. The journal emphasizes papers which are main Arne Nilssen, Zooligical Dept., Troms", Museum, ly faunistical or zoogeographical in scope or con N-9000 Troms"" Ole A. Srether, Museum of Zoo tent, including checklists, faunallists, type catalogues logy, Museplass 3, 5000 Bergen, Albert LiIleham and regional keys. Submissions must not have been mer, Zoological Museum, Sars gt. I, 0562 Oslo 5. previously published or copyrighted and must not be published subsequently except in abstract form or by Subscription written consent of the Editor-in-Chief. Members ofNorw. Ent. Soc. will receive the journal free. Membership fee N.kr. 90,- should be paid to NORSK ENTOMOLOGISK FORENING the Treasurer of NEF: Use Hofsvang, BrattvoIlveien ser sin oppgave i a fremme det entomologiske stu 107, Oslo 11. Postgiro 5 44 09 20. Questions about dium i Norge, og danne et bindeledd melIom de in membership should be directed to the Secretary of teresserte. Medlemskontingenten er for tiden kr. 90, NEF. Trond Hofsvang, P.O. Box 70, N-1432 As pr. ar. Henvendelse om medlemskap i NEF sendes NLH. Members of NOF receive the journal by pay sekretreren: Trond Hofsvang, Postboks 70, 1432 As ing N.kr. 55,-. non-members by N.kr. 75,- to: NLH. Medlemmer far tidsskriftet fritt tilsendt og kan NZT, Zoological Museum, Sarsgt. I, N-Oslo 5, Post abonnere til redusert pris pa FAUNA NORVEGICA giro 2 3483 65. Outside Fennoscandia: Additional serie A (generelI zoologi, 1 hefte pr. ar) for kr. 25,- og postage N.kr. 10,- per year (surface mail). pa serie C (ornitologi, 2 hefter pr. ar) for kr. 50,-. Disse innbetalinger sendes tif NZT,Zoologisk mu seum, Sarsgt. I, Oslo 5. Abonnement Postgiro 2 34 83 65. Medlemmer av Norsk Entomologisk Forening far tidsskriftet fritt tilsendt. Medlemskontingent kr. 90.- innbetales til kassereren i NEF: Use Hofsvang, BrattvolIveien 107, Oslo 11. Postgiro 5 440920. Trykket med bidrag [ra Norges almenvitenskapelige Medlemmer av Norsk Ornitologisk Forening mottar forskningsnld. Opplag 800
Norsk zoologisk tidsskriftsentral (NZT) er et felIes Managing Editor (Administrerende redaktod publiseringsorgan for NEF og NOF i samarbeid med Edvard K. Barth, Zoologisk museum, Sars gt. I, de zoologiske avdelingene ved universitetsmuseene i 0562 Oslo 5. Oslo, Bergen, Trondheim og Troms0. Adresse: Zoologisk museum, Sars gt. I, 0562 Oslo 5. Editorial Board (Redaksjonsr4d) Postgiro 2 34 83 65. Wim Vader, Troms0, Svein Haftorn og John O. Solem, Trondheim, Rolf Vik, Oslo.
Kristiansen & W",ien, Oslo. lSSN 0332-7698
Fauna (Norsk Zoologisk Forening) har gatt ut av Norsk Zootoglsk lldsskriftsentral. Avtalen om gjenSlQlg reduserte abonnementpriser p4 foreningens tidsskrifter vii for fremtiden derfor bare gjelde mellom Norsk Entomologisk Forenin2 02 Norsk Ornitologisk Forening. Phenological adaptations in Patrobus atrorufus and P. assimilis (Coi., Carabidae)
DAGFINN REFSETH
Refseth, D. 1986. Phenological adaptations in Patrobus atrorufus and P. assimilis (CoI., Ca rabidae). Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33, 57 -63.
ln central Norway Patrobus atrorufus (Str0m) and P. assimilis Chaud. have bienniallife cyc les, even at low altitudes. Compared with the conditions at lower latitudes the sexual matu ration of the females is induced by longer critical photoperiods, corresponding to the latitu dinal increase in daylength. The seasonal times of breeding and egglaying are displaced ac cording to variations in the duration of the vegetation period. Such phenological flexibility is assumed to be of great adaptive significance, promoting dispersal and species difTerentiation.
Dagfinn Refseth, Dept. of Zoology, Univ. of Trondheim, N-7055 Dragvoll, Norway.
INTRODUCTION MATERIAL AND METHODS The life cyc1es of carabid beetles, inc1uding their The material was collected by pitfall trapping at seasonal reproductive rhythms, are greatly in five locations in central and southern Norway fluenced by ambient light and temperature con (Tablé 1). The traps were emptied several times ditions. Laboratory experiments have for ex during the growing season to provide informa ample shown that daylength is a key factor for tion on the times ofbreeding activity ofthe beet the induction of gonadal development and the kL . onset and termination of larval and adult diapa The seasonal activity patterns of P. atrorufus uses in several species (Krehan 1970, Thiele at three of the locations (Melhus, Tiller and Bu 1969, 1971, 1975, 1977, Ferenz 1975, 1977). dalen) have been described in an earlier paper Because of latitudinal variations in daylength (Refseth 1980), but to reveal any annual varia and mean annual temperature, a species' ability tions in the activity patterns the results from la of dispersal to and survival in high latitudes ter samplings at Melhus and Budalen are presen highly depends on its phenological adaptability. ted. Ferenz (I 975) compared the response to light Additional information on possible phenolo and temperature of two populations of Pterosti gical variations along the c1imatic gradient from chus nigrita F,., one from Cologne, W. Ger the lowlands to the subalpine site at Budalen many, and the other from northern Sweden. ln was obtained from sampling at Rognes, a site si the northern population the development and tuated between those mentioned above (cf. growth was faster, and there was a shift toward Table 1). P. assimilis occurred at Tiller and Bu long-day in the criticai photoperiod for gonadal dalen, moreover data from Sjodalen in the Jo maturation, reflecting adaptations to the subarc tunheimen mountains (Refseth 1977) were inc tic light and temperature conditions. luded. The seasonal patterns of sexual matura ln contrast to P. nigrita, which is a spring bre tion and the approximate times of egg-Iaying eder throughout its geographical range (Un and ofadult emergence were determined by exa droth 1945, Thiele 1977), Patrobus atrorufus mining female gonads. According to the degree (Str0m) is an autumn breeder in Germany (Thi of gonadal development the fe~ales were classi ele 1977) while in central Norway both spring fied as immature, developing, mature (with ripe and autumn breeding populations occur (Ref eggs), or spent (cf. Luff 1973). Larval material seth 1980). provided valuable additional infonnation on the P. atrorufus thus seems to possess conside life cyc1es. The larval stages were separated by rable phenological flexibility, and as an attempt measuring the head widths (Houston and Luff to reveal some of the adaptive mechanisms un 1975). derlying such a flexibility a thorough examina The phenologies of the species were related to tion ofthe life cyc1es of P. atrorufus and its c10se the duration of the vegetation periods and the relative P. assimilis was carried out. seasonal changes in daylengths. The vegetation
<'Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33:57-63. OslO 1986. 57 Table 1. Geographical and c1imatic characters of the study sites.
Location Altitude Latitude Annual mean Vegetation period (m) temperature (Oe) - Melhus 20 63°16' 5.3 30 Apr. -17 Oct. Tiller 120 63°21' 4.9 2 May -140ct. Rognes 160 62°59' 3.5 11 May - 4 Oct. Budalen 830 62°43' 1.1 25 May -19 Sept. Sjodalen 980 61 °36' -0.1 1 June - 9 Sept. period is defined as the period when the daily completed during June, July and early August. mean temperature exceeds 6°C (Bruun 1967). The occurrence of spent females showed that Information on annual temperatures and the du egg-laying varied between June-July at Buda ration of the vegetation periods were partIy ta len and July-August at Melhus. At Budalen ken from Bruun (I 967) and partIy provided by and Melhus second stage larvae occurred from The Norwegian Meteorological Institute (pers. August to October and third stàge larvae in Oc comm.). The temperature at each study site was + estimated by intra- and extrapolations from the , \ nearest meteorological stations, considering that 40 ~ " '. an increase in altitude of 100 m involves a de Melhus '. 30~ -1981In=1.592) '. crease in the mean temperature of 0.6°C (The +--+1982In=587) '. Norwegian Meteorological Institute, pers. 20 comm.). \ ~ \ The relationship between the duration of the ~ 10 1 '. '. -~ vegetation periods and the annual mean tempe ; \ ratures of 21 meteorological stations selected to ; represent the range of climatic conditions of Norway, was found to be positive and linear, the correlation being high1y significant (r = 0.98, :201~91l~ n=89 p <0.001). The duration of the vegetation peri a: 10 ~ ods at the locations in concern was then calcula ted from the regression equation y = 102.0 + 13.0 x, which was obtained by the correlation analysis. 40 1\. I" ' Data on seasonal and latitudinal variations in I ' I " daylength were provided by Beck (I980) and 30 Rognes Universitetet i Oslo (1982). The daylength is de '\ , -- 1981In=47) fined as the time elapsing between sunrise and 20 I +--+ 19821n= 394) sunset, excluding twilights. , ,,+ , 10 , \.. /,,' . - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Life cycles 30 Budllen P. atrorufus had its main period of activity in 20 J(--J( 1980 (n=154) August at Melhus, in July at Tiller, and in -- 1981 (n=118) June - July at Rognes artd Budalen (Fig. 1, cf. 10 Refseth 1980). At alI the study sites immature females were found mainly during late summer and autumn ti A s o and in spring, and from the occurence of tene Fig. I. Seasonal variations in the trapping frequencies rals it is evident that they emerged in (%) of P. atrorufus at Melhus, Tiller (redrawn from July-August (Table 2). Developing females ap Refseth (1980», Rognes and Budalen. n =the total peared from late May, and the maturation was number of specimens caught each year.
58 Table 2. The seasonal distribution of the develop mental classes of the gonads of dissected females of 2°1 P. atrorufus (numbers). (I: immature, D: developing, M: mature, S: spent). ~101~, ~ May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. ã 30 I, ~ I II I II I II I II I II I II u.. :I I" \ li 20 I\ I 2 2 1* 1* 4 3 3 ,I 13 3 5 D 3 i 10 M 2 4 8 I S 5 3 "
I 3 I 20 SjodiIen 1973 D 2 5 3 1 M 4 4 2 ~ S I 5 10 1 H J J A S o I 2 3* 2 D 6 5 Fig. 2. Seasonal variations in the trapping frequencies M I 10 I 2 ( %) of P. assimilis at Tiller, Budalen and Sjodalen (re S 22 1 5 drawn from Refseth (1977». n = the total number of specimens caught each year. I 3 1* 3* 2 I 4 D 2 II M 1 12 92 tober and May-June (Table 3). Also at Rognes S I 2 I a few third stage larvae were trapped in May. At Melhus both second and third stage larvae were *: Tenerals caught in traps which had beeh left out under the snow during the winter and were emptied in Melhus spring, a few days after snow-melting. Tiller Rognes Despite some variation in the activity patterns Budalen the life cyc1es of P. atrorufus are very similar at the four sites. The larvae hatch in the late sum mer and hibernate mainly at the third, but pos Table 3. The seasonal distribution of the catches of P. sibly also at the second stage. The adults emerge atrorufus larvae. next summer and hibernate in an immature state, and the maturation ofadults, breeding and April Máy June July Aug. Sept. Oct. egg-laying take place in the following summer. I III III II III II III II Thus the species has a biennial life cyc1e at ali these locations. LI I P. L2 (7) 2 At Sjodalen and Budalen assimilis has its L3 (4) 1 2 1 main period ofactivity in June, even if some ac tivity was recorded in September (Fig. 2). The L3 3 low trapping frequencies in June at Budalen ref lect periods with cold weather, as the mean da L2 1 I ily temperature felI to -o.soe on 13 June 1980 L3 2 and to - 2.1 oe on 19 June 1981. The develop ment of female gonads shows that breeding and Melhus egglaying takes place in June-July at both sites Rognes (Table 4). Tenerals occurred in July-August Budalen and the high trapping frequencies in September were obviously due to immature specimens ha ving a period of aetivity prior to hibernation. At Sjodalen two third stage larvae were ca ught in late May and 11 in the period Oetober 1973-May 1974 (Refseth 1977). At Budalen one frrst stage larvae was found in early Septem
59 Table 4. The seasonal distribution of the develop patterns quite similar to that of P. assimilis desc mental classes of the gonads of dissected females of riOOd in the present study (DeZordo 1979). P. assimilis (numbers). O: immature, D: developing, While P. assimilis is a boreal species, OOing M: mature, S: spent). widely distributed and common in northern and alpine areas of Scandinavia, P. atrorufus is ma May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. inly confined to western and south-western I II I II I II I II I II I II parts of Europe (Lindroth 1945), obviously pre I 3 2 I 3 ferring an atlantic climate. P. atrorufus is descri D 1 2 bed as OOing exclusively annual, with autumn M 323 2 breeding and chiefly larval hiOOrnation (e.g. S 4 Larsson 1939, Thiele 1977). However, since both P. assimilis and P. atrorufus take two years I 2 I* I to develop even in the lowlands of central Nor D 2 2 I way, the temperature limit for the occurrence of M 3 332 bienniallife cycles seems to be higher than hit I I S herto assumed. I 3 1* 2* 15 2 4 ln fact, Pterostichus niger (SchalI.) and P. me D I lanarius (Illig.) have bienniallife cycles in Den M 2 3 mark (J0rum 1980) and certainly also in most S I I I parts of their distributiõnal range in Scandina via. Also in other species, e.g. Carabus glabratus *: Tenerals Payk., C. violaceus L., C. problematicus Herbst (Houston 1981, Refseth 1984) afId Pterostichus Tiller madidus (F.) (Luff 1973) bienniallife cycles have Budalen been documented to occur in parts of their area Sjodalen of distribution. Biennial life cycles thus appear to 00 more common than previously assumed, OOr, and third stage larvae occurred in early even at lower latitudes and altitudes. June (2), late September (1) and early October (3). P. assimilis obviously hibernates both as lar vae and immature adults, and the life cycle is bi Phenological variations ennial, OOing almost identical to that of P. atro According to the decrease in the annual mean rufus at Budalen. temperature with increasing altitude the diffe At Tiller the species has a longer period of ac rence in the duration ofthe vegetation period 00 tivity, extending from late May to late July (Fig. tween Melhus and Sjodalen is ca. two months 2), but breeding takes place in July, when the (Table 1). The spring activity of P. atrorufus maturation of the female gonads is completed commences in early May at Melhus and in late and spent females appear (Table 4). No larvae May at Budalen, corresponding to the initial were found at this site, but the occurrence of im dates of the vegetation periods (Fig. 1, Table 1). mature females both in the autumn and in Similarly, in the autumn most acitivity ceases in spring indicates a breeding pattern similar to September-OctoOOr, by the end of the vegeta that OOing found at Sjodalen and Budalen, the tion period. The temperature limit for adult aciti life cycle probably OOing biennial also at this site. vity thus seems to 00 ca. 6°C, avalue which is in According to the current «classification» of accordance with the results of van der Drift carabid life cycle patterns (Larsson 1939, Lin (I 959). droth 1945, 1949, Thiele 1977) bienniallife cyc At alI locations the maturation of female go les have been considered to occur only under nads commences in late May or early Juné rather extreme climatic conditions. Lindroth (Table 2, Table 4). However, along the altitudi (1945) suggested that P. assimilis, and other spe nal gradient the times of breeding are displaced cies, might 00 biennial in northern and alpine about three weeks in P. assimilis and 'six weeks areas. This was confirmed by Forsskâ.hl (I972) in P. atrorufus, corresponding to the displace who studied the phenologies of several carabid ment of the final date of the vegetation period species in northern Sweden. ln the Austrian mo (Fig. 3). This is obviously the result ofan adapta untains both P. assimilis and most other carabid tion to the shorter growing season of high altitu species are biennial and have seasonal activity des, ensuring that the adequate time for larval 60 6 u \------,\ ---1.__...... ;;..--....,: Helhus !...s ----~( L&J .' \\----O...... Tiller m: .:': ,/' ~ : , : , ~4 : , : , ex : , .--.---.-----~I Rognes :,',' ~3 :' ~ ,9/ z ~ 12 r- ~ ~ .~ 2 ,: ,: .~ ,: ~ \' ~ :::»z \--....c..----~: Budalen H A H A S o z ~ Fig. 4. The seasonal variations in the daylength (exc luding twilights) at three selected latitudes: -----: Bod0 O \\-+O-+---~I Sjodalen (67°N), ----: Trondheim (63°N), -: Co logne (51 0 N). The critical photoperiods for matura tion in P. nigrita (open cireles) and P. atrorufus (elo sed cireles) at difTerent latitudes are indicated. A H J J A S O
Fig. 3. The duration of the vegetation periods at the study sites in relation to the annual mean temperatu res, with the times of breeding of P. atrorufus (fllled cireles) and P. assimilis (open cireles) indicated. growth and development before hibernation is The adults of P. assimilis seem to have a pat retained. tem of activity and development very similar to Since daylength is a major factor governing that of P. nigrita. The maturation ofthe females the sexual maturation and the onset and termi commences in spring and is induced by and nation of diapauses in carabids (Thiele 1977), completed under long-day conditions. seasonal variations in the times of breeding must Since maturation in P. assimilis seems to be imply some alterations of the species' physiolo delayed by ca. one month compared with P. nig gical response to light. ln females of Pterostichus rita a longer criticaI photoperiod for maturation nigrita the ear1y maturation of the gonads (pre is probably required by the former species. This vitellogenesis) ~ induced by a change om long may partIy explain why P. assimilis, in contrast day to short-day, the criticaI photoperiods being to P. nigrita, is a common species in alpine and 15.5 hours at Cologne (ca. 51 °N) and 19.5 hours arctic areas, where activity and development in at Messaure in northern Sweden (ca. 66°N) (Fe spring is impeded by low temperatures and cor renz 1975). Comparison of the seasonal varia responding late snow-melt. tions in daylength at difTerent latitudes shows ln P. atrorufus, however, the pattern seems to that daylengths of 15.5 hours at 51°N and 19.5 be more complex, as the time of reproduction hours at 66°N both appear at the sarne time of varies between June and August, although the the year, i.e. ca. I August (Fig. 4). Correspon light conditions experienced by the populations dingly, the criticaI photoperiods for the rmal part are almost identicaI. Laboratory experiment ofthe maturation process (vitellogenesis), which have shown that at Cologne the maturation where found to be 13.1 hours at Cologne and 14 (probably vitellogenesis) in P. atrorufus, which hours at Messaure (Ferenz 1975), occur in early in contrast to P. nigrita is an autumn breeder, is April at both sites (Fig. 4). Apparent1y this induced by a shift from long-day to short-day, change in the species' response to photoperiods with a criticaI photoperiod of ca. 16 hours (Thi provides the maturation to commence at the ele 1977). Such conditions occur ca. 15 July sarne time of the year at ali latitudes, and eno (Fig. 4), which is consistent with the facts that ugh time will be available for the species to the species needs about one month to mature (in complete the maturation before the time of rep· short-day) and that the egg-Iaying takes place roduction. from the middle of August (Thiele 1969, 1977). 61 At Melhus the eggs are laid in July-August, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS and the vitellogenesis, which inc1udes the yolk I wish to thank J. Andersen for valuable com formation and the ripening of the eggs prior to ments on the manuscript. Part of the field work deposition, commences'in June-July (Table 2). has been given financial support by the Nansen According to the latitudinal variation in the day Foundation. length the corresponding criticaI photoperiod should be ca. 20 hours (Fig. 4). At the other locations, however, the matura tion is almost completed in July. Consequent1y, REFERENCES long-day prevails during the vitellogenesis, Beck, S.D. 1980. Insect photoperiodism. Academic which seems very strange since the experiments Press, New York. of Thiele (I 969) showed that the gonadal deve Bruun, I. 1967. Climatological summaries for Nor lopment was suppressed ifthe females were ex way. Standard normais 1931 - 60 of the air tem perature in Norway. Det Norske Meteorologiske posed to long-day. The observed change in the Institutt, Oslo. breeding pattern must therefore have involved DeZordo, I. 1979. Phãnologie von Carabiden im considerable alterations of the species' physiolo Hochgebirge Tirols (OOOrgurgl, Osterreich) (ln gicaI response to photoperiods. secta: Coleoptera). Ber. Nat.-Med. Ver. Innsbruck Ferenz (I 975) c1aims that the German and the 66,73-83. Swedish populations of P. nigrita represent dif Drift, J. van der 1959. Field studies on the surface ferent physiological races, judging from their fauna offorests. Meded. Inst. toegep. biol. Onderz. different demands concerning the value of the Nat. (ITBON) 41,79-103. critical photoperiod for maturation. The norwe Ferenz, H.-J. 1975. Anpassungen von Pterostichus nigrita F. (CoL, Carab.) an suba.rktische Beding gian populations of P. atrorufus differ even ungen. Oecologia (Ber/.) 19, 49-57. more regarding their response to photoperiods, Ferenz, H.-J. 1977. Two-step photoperiodic and hor hence it seems high1y appropriate to apply the monal control of reproduction in the female 00 concept of physiological races also in this spe etle, Pterostichus nigrita. J. Insect Physiol. 23, cies. 671-676. Forsskãhl, B. 1972. The invertebrate fauna of the Kil pisjarvi area, Finnish Lapland. 9. Carabidae, with special notes on ecology and breeding biology. CONCLUSION Acta Soe. Fauna Flora Fenn. 80, 99-119. The occurrence ofbienniallife cyc1es in carabids Houston, W. W.K. 1981. The life cycle and age of Carabus glabratus Paykull and C. problematicus is evident1y the result of adaptations to coIder Herbst (CoL, Carabidae) on moorland in northern c1imates, Le. shorter periods available for England. Ecol. Em. 6, 263-271. growth and development. Even if a prolonged Houston, W.W.K. & Luff, M.L. 1975. The larvae of life-span involves increased mortality, ~lection the British Carabidae (Coleoptera). III. Patrobini. favours the ability of further growth and the Entomol. Gaz. 26, 59-64. eventual produetion of larger and more viable J0rum, P. 1980. Life cycles and activity patterns of offspring. It is reason to believe that most aretic Pterostichus melanarius (Illig.) and P. niger and alpine species need two years to develop, at (Schall.) (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in a Danish 00 least those being of some size, as the present re ech wood. Ent. Meddr. 48, 19 - 25. sults show that medium-sized species are bien Krehan, I. 1970. Die Steuerung von Jahresrhytmik und Diapause OOi Larval- und ImagoüOOrwinte nial even in the lowlands of central Norway. rern der Gattung Pterostichus (CoL, Carab.). Oe PhenologicaI flexibility obviously increases a cologia (Ber/.) 6, 58 -105. species' adaptability, allowing it to disperse to Larsson, S.G. 1939. Entwicklungstypen und Ent and exist within a wide range of light and tem wicklungszeiten der dãnischen Carabiden. Em. perature conditions. Accordingly, the life cyc1e Meddr. 20, 277 - 560. patterns of a species may inc1ude several of the Lindroth, C.H. 1945, 1949. Die fennoskandischen breeding types described by Thiele (I 977). P. Carabidae I- III. Gõteborgs K. Vet. ViU. Sarilho atrorufus, for instance, is an annual autumn Handl. (6) B4, 1-709, 1-277. 1-911. breeder, a biennial autumn breeder and a bien Luff, M.L. 1973. The annual activity pattern and life cycle of Pterostichus madidus (F.) (CoL Carabi nial spring breeder, respeetively, within its geog dae). Em. Scand. 4, 259-273. raphical range. A c1assification of carabid spe Refseth, D. 1977. Aktivitetsm0nster og habitatprefe cies according to breeding categories therefore ranse hos 10pebiller (CoL, Carabidae) i Sjodalen, seems inappropriate unless geographicaI varia Vãgã. Et grunnlag for insektsosiologisk kart1eg tions in the species' life cyc1es are considered. gingsarbeid. UnpubL thesis, Univ. of Trondheim. 62 Refseth, D. 1980. DifTerences in seasonal activity pat Thiele, H. U. 1971. Interactions between photoperio tern and breeding time of Patrobus atrorufus (Ca dism and temperature with respect to the control rabidae) in central Norway. Holarct. Ecol. 3, of dormancy in the adult stage of Pterostichus ob 87-90. longopunctatus F. (Col., Carabidae). I. Experi Refseth, D. 1984. The life cycles and growth of Ca ments on gonad maturation under difTerent cli rabus glabratus and C. violaceus in Budalen, cen matic conditions in the laboratory. Oecologia tral Norway. Ecol. Ent. 9, 449-455. (Ber!.) 19, 39-47. Thiele, RU. 1969. The control oflarval hibernation Thiele, H. U. 1977. Carabid beetles in their environ and of adult aestivation in the carabid beetles Ne ments. A study on habitat selection by adaptations bria brevicollis F. and Patrobus atrorufus Str0m. in physiology and behaviour. Springer, Berlin. Oecologia (Berl.) 2, 347 - 361. Universitetet i Oslo 1982. Almanakk for Norge. AI· Thíele, H.V. 1971. Die Steuerung der Jahresrhyth manakkforlaget, Oslo. mik. von Carabiden durch exogene und endogene Faktoren. Zool. lb. Syst. 98, 341-371. Received 19 April 1985
63 The Rhinophoridae or woodlouse-flies (Diptera) of Norwayl)
KNUT ROGNES
Rognes, K. 1986. The Rhinophoridae or woodlouse-flies (Diptera) of Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33,64-68.
Rhinophorid material from Norway in the museum collections of the Universities in Bergen, Oslo and Troms0 and in author's collection has been revised and records of the 9 species known from Norway are presented.
Knut Rognes, Stavanger Lrererh0gskole, Postboks 2521 Ullandhaug, N-4001 Stavanger, Norway.
INTRODUCTION The developmental stages of some European The Rhinophoridae, termed woodlouse-flies by species have been described by Thompson Crosskey (1977), is a very small family of calyp (I 934) and Bedding (1973). terate Diptera whose larval stages in general are Zetterstedt (I 838, 1844), Siebke (I 877), Storm endoparasitic in terrestrial isopods, a1though a (I 896), Ringdahl (I944a, 1944b/1952) and Rog Nearctic species, Angioneura obscura (Town nes (1981) have giv:en records of Rhinophoridae send), is reported as parasitic in snails (Reinhard from Norway, and a total of 8 species have pre 1929). It is the only Diptera group to parasitise viously been recorded. The present revision lists crustaceans (Crosskey 1977). It occurs mainly in 9 rhinophorids from Norway. the Western Palaearctic Region (absent from Iceland), but there are representatives also in·the MATERIAL AND METHODS Nearctic, Oriental and Afrotropical Regions, The present study is based upon the examina with an immigrant form in the Neotropical Re tion of 134 specimens partly in my own collec gion (Crosskey 1977). Crosskey (I977) lists 23 tion and partly in the museum collections in genera with about 85 species in the world fauna. Bergen, Oslo and Troms0. I have not seen the The group has previously been listed in whole Trondheim collection revised by Ringdahl or in part as a subgroup of the Calliphoridae (1944a). For identification of species I have used (Emden 1954, Herting 1961, Downes 1965) or the works of Lundbeck (1927), Ringdahl the Tachinidae (Sabrosky & Arnaud 1965, Gui (1954b), Emden (1954), Herting (1961) and marães 1971), but has usually been given sepa Stackelberg (1970). The generic names adopted rate family status in recent times (Hennig 1973, are those of Crosskey (1977), the specific ones Crosskey 1977,1980, Kugler 1978). those of Herting (1961). Specific synonyms, ln the North European fauna the Rhinophori taken from Ringdahl (1954a) and Herting dae can be separated from related calyptrates (1961), have been cited when based on types with a row of setae on the meroh (hypopleuron) from Scandinavian localities or have been used by the following combination of characters: a in literature dealing with the Norwegian fauna. small and tongue-like lower squama, the inner Recent information on host species has been ci edge of which diverges from long axis of f1y; ted for each species. Note that nothing is known posterior spiracle with lappets of subequal size; a about the biology of Rhinophoridae in this co weakly or unéJeveloped postscutellum; proster untry. I have also given an indication of the num, propleuron, suprasquamal ridge, postalar world distribution in broad terms as well as in wall, subalar bulia, basisternum (in front of hind formation on the North European distribution. coxae) bare; the bend of mi in the wing without My sources for these data have been Lundbeck appendix or fold; body colour not metallic blue (1927), Ringdahl (1951, 1952), Herting (1961), or green. Draber-MOIíko (1966, 1971, 1978), Pont (1975)
I) Paper no. 5 in a series based on investigations financed by a grant (< 64 Fa~na norv. Ser. B. 33:64-68. Oslo 1986. j and Hackman (1980). For details regarding the Is1es. Fin1and, Sweden (north to Norrbotten). ln presentation of the faunistica1 data, see Rognes Sweden also from above tree-line on Hamrafjãl (1984). 1et in Hárjeda1en (Ringdah1 1951). 3. Morinia melanoptera (Fallén) SYSTEMATIC LIST Musca melanoptera Fallén, 1820; Anthracomyia 1. Angioneura acerba (Meigen) melanoptera: Herting 1961. Medoria acerba Meigen, 1838; Dexia pygmaea Material: ON, SeI: Lârgârd (?) 1 d 1 Q 27 June Zetterstedt, 1844; Angioneura acerba: Herting 1861 (Siebke), 1 d 3 Q Q 10 July 1873 (Siebke), 1961. ? date 3 Q Q (Siebke). EIS 71. Material: AK, Ás: ?loco 1 Q 27 Apri1 1983 (F. Hosts: Unknown. Midtgaard) EIS 28. Distribution. Europe. Not on the British Is1es. Hosts: Unknown. Fin1and, Sweden (north to Lyckse1e Lappmark). Distribution. Europe. British Is1es. Fin1and, Note. The posta1ar wall has a few 10ng stiffish Sweden (Skâne, 01and, Gotland, Ostergótland). hairs in this species, a unique and previous1y Note. The present species is unique among Rhi over100ked character which suggests that the nophoridae in having a posteriorly broad callip species in fact may be10ng in the Calliphoridae. horid-like 10wer squama, the inner edge of which converges backwards with long axis of 4. Payku/lia brevicornis (Zetterstedt) fly (Herting 1961, Crosskey 1977). My specimen Leucostoma brevicornis Zetterstedt, 1844; Eup a1so has the prosternum and basisternum promi lesina ringdahli Villeneuve, 1934; Chaetosteve nently hairy and a distinctly opercu1ate posterior nia brevicornis: Herting 1961. spiracle, two further calliphorid-like features ap Material: 0, Sarpsborg: ? 10c. 1 Q Aug. 1865 parently overlooked so faro An opercu1ate poste (Grimsgaard 1eg., cf. Siebke 1866: 396, 406; Si rior spiracle has also been reported from Baniebke 1877: 91). EIS 20. assa fascipennis Kugler (Kug1er 1978). I have Note. The specimen has been examined by a1so seen specimens of Angioneura fimbriata Ringdah1 and carries his identification 1abel (Meigen) with hairs on the prosternum. Cros «P1esina brevicornis Zett.». skey (1977) only lists Melanomya Rondani Hosts: Unknown. among the Rhinophoridae as exceptionally ha Distribution. Previous1y only known from Swe ving a lateral hair on the posternum. den (Skâl}e, Smâ1and, Ostergótland). 2. Melanomya nana (Meigen) 5. Payku/lia maculata (Fallén) Dexia nana Meigen, 1826; Musca minima Zet Ocyptera maculata Fallén, 1820; Chaetostevenia terstedt, 183-8; Dexia minima: Zetterstedt 1844; maculata: Herting 1961. Melanomyia nana: Herting 1961. Material: See Rognes (1981: 112). Additiona1 Note. Musca minima was described partly on material: VAY, Kristiansand: Stangenes 1 d 27 the basis of a ma1e from «Dowre» (Boheman Ju1y 1981 (Svendsen); Lindesnes: J0rgenstad 1eg.) (ON, Dovre: ?loc., EIS 71?, probably Dovre 1 Q 23 Ju1y 1982 (T.R. Nie1sen). RY, Stavanger: mountains). I have not seen the type specimens Sunde 1 Q 10 Aug. 1981 (K. Rognes, Ma1aise which have been revised by Ringdah1 (1945a). trap), 1 Q 14 Aug. 1981 (A. Rognes, indoors), Material: AK, Oslo: Oslo 1 d (Siebke). HES, 1 d 3-4 Aug. 1982 (K. Rognes, indoors). EIS Ásnes: Hof 1 d (Siebke). OS, Lillehammer: near 1, 2, 7. Gausa river by Flâkâli bru 5 km W of Fâberg Hosts: Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber, Protra 2 d d 14 Ju1y 1982 (K. Rognes). B0, Ringerike: cheoniscus politus and Tracheoniscus ratzeburgi Norderhov 2 d d (Siebke). RY, Hâ: Brusand (sources in Herting 1961, see a1so Sutton 1972). 1 d 3 Ju1y 1935 (Soot-Ryen). HOI, Ullensvang: Distribution. Europe. British Isles. Denmark, Lofthus 2 d d 26 June 1935 (Soot-Ryen); Gran Sweden (north to Bohus1án). vin: Eide 1 d 25 June 1935 (Soot-Ryen), Seim 1 d 30 May 1936 (N. Knaben). SFI, Aur1and: S 6. Phyto cingulata (Zetterstedt) of Skjerda1 near river Volda 1 d 20 Ju1y 1981 Tachina cingulata Zetterstedt, 1844; Phyto cing (L. Greve), Vassbygda 1 Q 18 June 1939 (N. ulata: Herting 1961. Knaben), 3 d d 16 Aug. 1941 (N. Knaben). EIS Material: See Rognes (1981: 112). EIS 20. 3,28,32,36,41,47,51,54,71? Hosts: Unknown. Hosts: Unknown. Distribution. Europe. Not on the British Is1es. Distribution. Europe. North Kazakhstan. British Sweden (north to Bohuslán). 65 ~ \ 7. Stevenia atramentaria (Meigen) Mandai: Mandai 2 d d II July 1935 (Soot-Ry Tachina atramentaria Meigen, 1824; Stevenia en); Flekkefjord: Dràg0Y (Hidra) 2 Q Q 5- 12 atramentaria: Herting 1961. Aug. 1981 (A.-J. Nilsen), Lindesnes: Ytre J0r Material: See Rognes (1981: 112). Additional genstad 1 d 6 Aug. 1981 (T.R. Nielsen & K. material: ? loc. 1 d (Siebke). EIS 28, 36. Rognes). RY, Stavanger: Sunde 1 d 7 Aug. Hosts: Oniscus asellus, Tracheoniscus arcuatus, 1982 (0. Rognes, on dog faeces); Ha: Brusand Philoscia affinis (Herting 1961) and Trachelipus 1 Q 3 July 1935 (Soot-Ryen); Randaberg: B0ra rathkei (Sutton 1972). unen 25 d d 4 Q Q 7 July 1981 (K. Rognes); Distribution. Europe. British Isles. Finland, Rennes0Y: Vikevag 2 d d 5 July 1983 (T. Jo Sweden (north to Gãstrikland). nassen). EIS 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 14. Hosts: Porcellio scaber (Herting 1961, Sutton 8. Stevenia umbratica (Fallén) 1972), Oniscus asellus (Séguy 1941, error?, cf. Ocyptera umbratica Fallén, 1820; Rhinophora Thompson 1934:380). /ugubris Zetterstedt, 1855; Stevenia umbratica: Distribution. Europe. British Isles. Denmark, Herting 1961. Finland and Sweden (north to Sôdermanland). Material: See Rognes (1981: 112). Additional material: AK, Oslo: «Kongshavn» (now in the city of Oslo) 1 d 28 June 1851 (Siebke). VAY, DISCUSSION Kristiansand: Flekker0ya 1 Q 17 June 1983 (Svendsen). SFI, Ardal: Utladalen in 0vre Ardal Table 1 shows the distribution of the 15 North 1 Q lO July 1939 (N. Knaben). EIS 2, 4,28, 51? European species of Rhinophoridae. Two spe Hosts: Unknown. cies, Phyto discrepans Pandellé p.nd P. me/ano Distribution. Europe. Not on the British Isles. cepha/a (Meigen), occur on the British Isles, but Denmark, Sweden (north to Bohuslan). not in the Nordic countries. Four species, Angio neura cyrtoneurina (Zetterstedt), A. fimbriata 9. Tricogena rubricosa (Meigen) (Meigen), Me/anophora roralis (L.) and Rhinop Tachina rubricosa Meigen, 1824; Tachina trili hora /epida (Meigen), occur in some Nordic co neata Meigen, 1824; Tachina hirticol'nis Zetter untries, but have not yet been captured in Nor stedt, 1844; Tachina nigritarsis Zetterstedt, way. Of these, A. cyrtoneurina and M. roralis, 1844; Dexia tachiniformis Zetterstedt, 1844; both of which are known north to Uppland in Frauenfe/dia rubricosa: Herting 1961. Sweden, very probably occur in Norway also. Material. See Roghes (1981: 112). Additional R. /epida (north to Skane in Sweden) and A. material: AA Y, Arendal: Hasselasen 37 Q Q 15 fimbriata (Finland) may aiso ultimately turn up June-15 Sept. 1981 (T. Solh0Y, pitfall traps); in this countrY,Jhough with somewhat less pro Trom0Y 1 Q 26 July 1935 (Soot-Ryen). VAY, bability. Table I. Distribution of North European Rhinophoridae. N =Norway, DK =Denmark, SF =Finland, S =Sweden, GB =British Isles. Sources are Lundbeck (1927), Hackman (1980), Ringdahl (I952) and Pont (1975) for DK, SF, S and GB, respectively. N DK SF S GB I. Angioneura acerba x x x x Angioneura eyrtoneurina (ZeU.) x x x Angioneura fimbriata (Meig.) x 2. Melanomya nana x x x x Melanophora roralis (L.) x x x x 3. Morinia melanoptera x x x 4. Paykullia brevicornis x x 5. Paykullia maeulata x x x x 6. Phyto cingulata x x Phyto diserepans Pand. x Phyto melanoeephala (Meig.) x Rhinophora lepida (Meig.) x x x 7. Stevenia atramentaria x x x x 8. Stevenia umbratiea x x x ? 9. Trieogena rubrieosa x x x x x Total 9 6 7 12 10 66 Too few specimens have been captured in gue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the Norway to allow definitive statements as to the United States. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade distribution ofthe species within the country. At de Sao Paulo, 333 pp. present they are known mostly from the low Hackman, W. 1980. A check-list of the Finnish Dip tera II. cyclorrhapha. Notul. Ent. 60, 117 -162. lands in the southern and south-eastern parts of Hennig, W. 1973. 31. Diptera (Zweiflügler). Handb. the country. A few have also been taken in the Zool. 4 (2) 2/31, I - 337 (Lieferung 20). lowlands in the inner parts of Western Norway. Herting, B. 1961. 64e. Rhinophorinae. - ln: Lind ner, E. (ed,), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Re gion 9 (Lieferung 216), I - 36. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Kugler, l. 1978. The Rhinophoridae (Diptera) of Is rael. Israel J. Ent. 12,65-106. Many thanks are due to Lita Greve Jensen, Mu Lundbeck, W. 1927. Diptera Danica. Part VII. Platy seum of Zoology, Bergen, Jan Emil Raastad, pezidae, Tachinidae. G.E.e. Gad, Copenhagen, Museum of Zoology, Oslo, and Arne Fjellberg, 560 pp. Troms0 Museum, for having made collections Pont, A.e. 1975. 79. Rhinophoridae. - ln: Kloet, of calypterate Diptera available to me; to Terje G.S. & Hincks, W.D. (eds1 A check-listofBritish Jonassen, Fred Midtgaard, Tore R. Nielsen, Alf Insects. Second edition. Part 5: Diptera and Sipho Jacob Nilsen, and Svein Svendsen for gift of ma naptera. Handbk Ident. Br. Insects 9 (5), terial; and to Benno Herting, Staatliches Mu 105-106. seum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, for the loan Reinhard, H.J. 1929. Notes on the muscoid flies of the genera Opelousia and Opsodexia with descrip ofmaterial ofthe three Palaearctic species of An tions of three new species. Proc. U.S. nato Mus. 76 gioneura Brauer & Bergenstamm. The grant (20), 1-9. from Stavanger Lcererh0gskole is gratefully ack Ringdahl, O. I 944a. Revision av Vilhelm Storms nowledged. Diptersamling. I. Familjen Tachinidae. K. norske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. 17 (9), 79 - 81. - I 944b. Contributions to the knowledge of the ta chinids and muscids or Norway. TromsfJ Mus. REFERENCES Aarsh. 65 (942) (4), 1-27. Bedding, R.A. 1973. The immature stages of Rhinop - 1945a. Forteckning over de av Zetterstedt i Insecta horinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae) that parasitise Lapponica och Diptera Scandinaviae beskrivna ta British woodlice. Trans. R. ent. Soe. Lond. 125, chiniderna med synonymer jamte anteckningar 27-44. over en dei arter. Opusc. ent. lO, 26- 35. Crosskey, R.W. 1977. A review of the Rhinophori - 1945b. Oversikt over de hittils frân Sverige kanda dae (Diptera) and a revision of the Afrotropical arterna av familjen Tachinidae (Diptera). Ent. species. Bull. Br. Mus. nato Hist. (Ent.> 36 O), Tidskr. 66, 177 - 21 O. 1-66. - 1951. Flugor frân Lapplands, lamtlands och Har - 1980. 92. Family Rhinophoridae. - ln: Crosskey, jedalens fjalltrakter (Diptera Brachycera). Opusc. R.W. et aI. (eds.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the ent. 16, 113-186. Afrotropical 'Region, pp. 819 - 821. British Mu - 1952. Catalogus Insectorum Sueciae XI Diptera seum (Natural History), London. Cyclorrapha: Muscaria Schizometopa. Opusc. ent. Downes, W.L. jr. 1965. Tribe Melanomyini. - ln: 17, 129 - 186. Stone, A. et aI. (eds,), A catalog of the Diptera of Rognes, K. 1981. Recent records of Tachinidae and America north ofMexico, pp. 932-933. Agricul Rhinophoridae (Dipt.> from Norway. Fauna norv. ture Handbook 276, United States Department of Ser. B. 28, 102-114. Agriculture, Washington, D.e. - 1984. The Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of Norway. Draber-Monko, A. 1966. Materialy do znajomosci Fauna norv. Ser. B.33, 1-26. Rhinophorinae (Diptera, Larvaevoridae) Polski. Sabrosky, e.W. & Arnaud, P.H. jr. 1965. Family Ta Fragm. faun. 13 (2), 221-229. chinidae (Larvaevoridae). - ln Stone, A. et aI. - 1971. Niektóre Calyptrata (Diptera) Bieszczadów. (eds,), A catalog ofthe Diptera ofAmerica north of Fragm. faun. 17 (9),483-543. Mexico, pp. 961 -1108. Agriculture Handbook - 1978. Scathophagidae, Muscinae, Gasterophili 276, United States Department of Agriculture, dae, Hippoboscidae, Calliphoridae, Sarcophagi Washington D.e. dae, Rhinophoridae, Oestridae, Hypodermatidae i Séguy, E. 1941. Études sur les mouches parasites. Tachinidae (Diptera) Pienin. Fragm. faun. 22 (2), Tome II Calliphorides. Calliphorines (suite), Sar 51-229. cophagines et Rhinophorines de I'Europe occi Emden, F.I. van 1954. Diptera Cyclorrhapha Calypt dentale et méridionale. Encyc/. ent. (A) 21, rata I. Section (a) Tachinidae' and Calliphoridae. 1~436. Handbk Ident. Br. Insects 10 (4) (a), 1-133. Siebke, l.H.S. 1866. Entomologiske unders0gelser, Guimarães, l.H. 1971. 104 Family Tachinidae (Lar foretagne sommeren 1865. Nyt. Mag. Naturv. 14, vaevoridae). - ln: Papavero, N. (ed,), A catalo 389-420. 67 -- • - 1877. Enumeratio Insectorum Norvegicorum. Fa Thompson, W.R. 1934. The tachinid parasites ofwo sciculum IV. Catalogum Dipterorum Continentem. odlice. Parasitology 26, 378 -448, Plates A.W. Bf0gger, Christiania, 255 pp. XV-XXII. Stackelberg, A.A. 1970. 110. Sem. Rhinophoridae. Zetterstedt, J.W. 1838. Insecta Lapponica. Sectio - ln: Bei-Bienko, G.Ya. (edJ, Opredelitei' Nase Tertia. Diptera. Lipsiae ( = Leipzig), «1840». komykh evropeiskoi chasti SSSR, V. Dvukrylye, - 1844. Diptera Scandinaviae disposita et descripta. Blokhi, pp. 670-673. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 3, 895-1280. Lundae (= Lund). Zoologicheskii Institut, Leningrad. Storm, V. 1896. Dipterologiske unders0gelser. K. Received 17 Aug. 1984 norske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.1895, 225-241. Sutton, S.L. 1972. Woodlice. Ginn & Company Ltd, London, 144 pp. 68 A check-list of Norwegian Tachinidae (Diptera) 1 KNUT ROGNES Rognes, K. 1986. A check-list of Norwegian Tachinidae (Diptera). Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33, 69-76. Tachinid material from Norway in the museum collection of the Universities in Bergen, Oslo and Troms0 and in author's collections has been revised and a check-list ofthe 190 spe cies known at present from Norway is presented. Knut Rognes, Stavanger Lrererh0gskole, Postboks 2521 Ullandhaug, N·400 I Stavanger, Norway. The check-list presented be10w, which rep1aces 31, bringing the total to 138 species. The present the previous1y published lists of Siebke (877), revision lists 190 species from this country. ln Sch0yen (1889), Bidenkap 0892, 1898, 1901) comparison 196 species have been published and Ringdah1 0944b, 1952), is based upon a re from Denmark (Lundbeck 1927),202 from Fin vision of the material of parasite-flies (Tachini land (Hackman 1980, as Tachinidae and Phasii dae) from Norway in the museum collections of dae), 257 from Sweden (RingdahI1952) and 238 the Universities in Bergen (main1y O. Bidenkap, from the British Isles (Crosskey 1975). Many A. Fjellberg, L. Greve, A. L0ken, N. Knaben, species therefore undoubtedly still await disco T.R. Nielsen 1eg,), Oslo (main1y J. Knaben, R. very in this country. Krogerus, J.H.S. Siebke 1eg,) and Troms0 (ma The subfamilial and tribal c1assification adop in1y T. Soot-Ryen leg,) (about 950 specimens) ted are based on Crosskey (1 97~, 1975, 1976, and in my own collection (about 1350 speci 1977, 1980). The tribes Phaniini, Eriothrixini, mens). ln addition a few small private collec Digonochaetini, Eryciini and Goniini are not tions have been examined (K. Berggren, Kristi mentioned by Crosskey or are not equivalent to ansand, B. Sagvo1den, Rollag, lH. Simonsen, groups similarly named in his work. They corre Oslo). I have not seen the V. Storm collection in spond to Phaniina of Mesnil (I966:882), Eriot DKNVS-Museet, Trondheim revised by Ring hrixina of Mesnil (I 966: 882; 1975: 1310), Digo dahl (1944a). Occasional specimens in foreign nochaetina of Mesnil (1966: 882; 1973: 1211), collections (coll. Ringdahl, Lund, coll. Bohe Eryciini (minus Winthemina) of Mesnil (1975: man, Stockholm) have also been examined. I 1382) and Goniini of Mesnil (1975: 1375), re-. have examine'd specimens from Norway of ali spectively. Generic limits generally fellow Mes the species listed except 2. My reasons for listing nil 0944-1975, 1980) and (for SiphoninD these are given in the annotations to the list at Andersen (1983). Spellings of generic and speci the end of the paper. fie names follow Crosskey O.c.). Emendments Ringdahl (I 952) 1isted 101 species from Nor and variant spellings, though numerous in the li way on the basis of his published revisions of terature, have not been inc1uded. Generic syno the Troms0 and Trondheim collections (Ring nyms are inc1uded when based on nominal type dahl I944a, 1944b), his unpublished examina species belonging to the Norwegian fauna O.e. tion of parts of the Oslo collection and his know occuring in the list as valid names or synonyms). ledge of the Boheman and Zetterstedt collections Several specific synonyms have been included, in Sweden (Ringdahl 1934, 1945) which contain many used in scandinavian tachinid literature, specimens Onc1uding types) from Norway. Ne mainly to aid in recognition of the species invol vertheless, many records have apparently been vedo Synonyms have been taken from Lundbeck taken directly from e.g. Siebke (I 877) and Biden (1927), Mesnil (see references in Rognes 1981), kap (I 892, 1898) without reexamination of thc Ringdahl (I945), Crosskey (l.c,) and the nume specimens involved. Ringdahl (I954) added 6 rous revisions of the European fauna published species and Rognes 0981,1982, 1983a, 1983b) by Herting (mainly in Stuttgarter Beitrage zur I) Paper no. 6 in a series based on investigations financed by a grant (< Fauna norv. Ser. B. 33:69-76. Oslo 1986. 69 - Naturkunde) (see Zoological Record or other ab· pullula (Zetterstedt, 1844) stracting publication for references). ln the list nitens (Zetterstedt, 1852) generic and specific synonyms are indented rela Dufouria Robíneau-Desvoidy, 1830 tive to valid names. Superscript numbers refer to MineI/a: authors, not Robineau-Desvoidy (misi dentification) the numbered annotations at the end of the list chalybeata (Meigen, 1824) Freraea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Gymnopeza Zetterstedt, 1838 Family Tachinidae gagatea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Subfamily PhasUnae albipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838) denudata (Zetterstedt, 1844) Tribe Phasiini Rondania Robineau-Desvoidy, 1850 Alophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 dimidiata (Meigen, 1824) Hyalomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 opaca (Zetterstedt, I838) Paralophora Girschner, 1887 ruficeps (Zetterstedt, 1838) i Alophorella Townsend, 1912 fasciata (Macquart, 1834) -i obesa (Fabricius, 1798) jlavipennis (Zetterstedt, 1844) pusilla (Meigen, 1824) 8ubfamily Dexiiniae (Proseniinae) Gymnosoma Meigen, 1803 Rhodogyne Meigen, 1800, suppressed Tribe Dexiini (ProseniinD Cistogaster Latreille, 1829 Billaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Pallasia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Sirostoma Rondani, 1862 clavatum (Rodendorf, 1947) Gymnodexia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891 verbekei (Mesnil, 1952) triangulifera (Zetterstedt, 18441 globosum (Fabricius, 1775) Dexia Meigen, 1826 nudifrons Herting, 1966 1 Dexillina Kolomiets, 1969 Subclytia Pandellé, 1894 vacua (Fallén, 1817) rotundiventris (Fallén, 1820) Dinera Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Phorostoma Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Tribe Catharosiini Myocera Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Catharosia Rondani, 1856 Myocerops Townsend, 1916 pygmaea (Falhi:n, 1820) carinifrons (Fallén, 1817) nana (Fallén, 1820) ferina (Fallén, 1817) grisescens (Fallén, 1817) Tribe Cylindromyiini Estheria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Cylindromyia Meigen, 1803 bohemani Rondani, 1862 Ocypterula Rondani, 1856 Murana Meigen, 1824 Ocyptera: authors, not Latreille (misidentification) alpina (Meigen, 1824) brassicaria (Fabricius, 1775) caerulescens (Meigen, 1824) interrupta (Meigen, 1824) lapponica (Zetterstedt, 1838) pusilla (Meigen, 1824) limbata (Zetterstedt, 1838) Lophosia Meigen, 1824 obscura (Zetterstedt, 1838) fasciata Meigen, 1824 Prosena Le Peletier & Serville, 1828 Callirhoe Meigen, 1800, suppressed Tribe Cinochirini siberita (Fabricius, 177 5) Cinochira Zetterstedt, 1845 Trixa Meigen, 1824 atra Zetterstedt, 1845 vartegata Meigen, 1824 oestroidea (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) Tribe Phaniini Phania Meigen, 1824 Weberia: authors, not Robineau-Desvoidy (misi Subfamily Tachininae dentification) thoracica (Meigen, 1824) Tríbe Campylochetini Campylocheta Rondani, 1859 Frivaldzkia Schiner, 1861 Subfamily DufourUnae Elpe Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Tribe Dufouriini Hypochaeta Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 Anthomyiopsis Townsend, 1916 inepta (Meigen, 1824) Ptilopsina Villeneuve, 1920 pectinata (Zetterstedt, 1844) nigrisquamata (Zetterstedt, 1838) praecox (Meigen, 1824) nií!risquama (Zetterstedt, 1844) pantherina (Zetterstedt, 1844) 70 Tribe Voriini lateralis (Fallén, 181"7) Athrycia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 nigrina (Fallén, 1817) Blepharigena Rondani, 1856 solivaga (Harris, 1776) Paraplagia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891 abdominalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 curvinervis (Zetterstedt, 1844) ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1844) Tribe Microphthalmini impressa (Wulp, 1869) Dexiosoma Rondani, 1856 trepida (Meigen, 1824) caninum (Fabricius, 1781) subcincta (Zetterstedt, 1844) Chaetovoria Villeneuve, 1920 Tribe Digonochaetini Pseudovoria Ringdahl, 1942 Triarthria Stephens, 1829 antennata (Villeneuve, 1920) Bigonicheta Rondani, 1845 Cyrtophleba Rondani, 1856 setipennis (Fallén, 1810) ruricola (Meigen, 1824) spinipennis (Meigen, 1824) Klugia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Ptilopareia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 Tribe Macquartiini marginata (Meigen, 1824) Cleonice Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Voria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Steinia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893, preocc. Plagia Meigen, 1838 Steinie/la Berg, 1898, preocc. ruralis (Fallén, 1810) callida (Meigen, 1824) rotundicornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) Tribe Wagneriini protuberans (Zetterstedt, 1844) Aphelogaster Aldrich, 1934 congenita (Zetterstedt, 1859) alpina (Villeneuve, 1910) Macquartia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Peteina Meigen, 1838 Albiniola Mesnil, 1972 erinaceus (Fabricius, 1796) nudigena Mesnil, 1972 Ramonda Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 tenebricosa (Meigen, 1824) Ateria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 nitida (Zetterstedt, 1838) latifrons (Zetterstedt, 1844) Pelatachina Meade, 1894 prunaria (Rondani, 186 I) Hyria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863, preocc. carbonaria: authors, not Panzer (misidentifi tibialis (Fallén, 1810) cation) Pseudopachystylum Mik, 1891 ringdahli (Villeneuve, 1922) goniaeoides (Zetterstedt, 1838) spathulata (Fallén, 1820) Zophomyia Macquart, 1835 Wagneria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Erebia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, preocc. Carbonia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 temula (Scopoli, 1763) costata (Fallén, 1820) Tribe Loewiini Tribe Phyllomyini Loewia Egger, 1856 Phy/lomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Fortisia Rondani, 1861 Sericocera Macquart, 1834 foeda (Meigen, 1824) Melania Meigen, 1838, preocc. phaeoptera (Meigen, 1824)2 Melanota Rondani, 1857 volvulus (Fabricius, 1794) Tribe Nemoraeini Nemoraea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Tribe Eriothrixini pe/lucida (Meigen, 1824) Blepharomyia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 vulnerata (Zetterstedt, 1849) pagana (Meigen, 1824) amplicornis (Zetterstedt, 1844) Tribe Germariini piliceps (Zetterstedt, 1859) Germaria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 collini Wainwright, 1928 Atractochaeta Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 Eriothrix Meigen, 1803 Atractogonia Townsend, 1932 Olivieria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 ruficeps (Fallén, 1820) Feria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 prolixa (Meigen, 1824) Tribe Leskiini rufomaculata (De Geer, 1776) Aphria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 lateralis (Fabricius, 1781) longilingua Rondani, 1861 monochaeta Wainwright, 1928 longirostris (Meigen, 1824) abdominalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Tribe Thelairini soror (Zetterstedt, 1844) Thelaira Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Demoticus Macquart, 1854 nigripes (Fabricius, 1794) plebejus (Fallén, 1810) 71 I Leskia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Tachina Meigen, 1803 aurea (Fallén, 1820) Larvaevora Meigen, 1800, suppressed Solieria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1849 Echinomye Duméril, 1800, unavailable (vernacu Myobia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, preocc. lar) Anthoica Rondani, 1861 Echinomya Latreille, 1805 Micromyiobia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891 fera (Linnaeus, 1761) pacifica (Meigen, 1824) . grossa (Linnaeus, 1758) tessellata (Fabricius, 1794) Tribe Ernestiini vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) Appendicia Stein, 1924 magnicornis (Zetterstedt, 1844) truncata (Zetterstedt, 1838) Ernestia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Panzeria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Subfamlly Gonllnae rudis (Fallén, 1810) Tribe Neaerini Eurithia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1844 Elfia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1850 Erigone Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, preocc. Craspedothrix Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893 Varichaeta Speiser, 1903 Procraspedothrix Townsend, 1932 anthophila (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) cingulata (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830)4 radicum: authors, not Linnaeus (misidentifi minutissima (Zetterstedt, 1844)4 cation) Phytomyptera Rondani, 1845 caesia (Fallén, 1810) nigrina (Meigen, 1824) connivens (Zetterstedt, 1844) nitidiventris (Rondani, 1845) consobrina (Meigen, 1824) vivida (Zetterstedt, 1838) Tribe Siphonini Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Actia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Chrysosoma Macquart, 1834, preocc. Thryptocera Macquart, 1834 viridis (Fallén, 1810) Entomophaga Lioy, 1864 Hyalurgus Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893 Gymnophthalma Lioy, 1864 Parastauferia Pokoli, 1893 Gymnopareia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 crucigerus (Zetterstedt, 1838) crassicornis (Meigen, 1824) alpina Pokoli, 1893 dubitata Herting, 1971 lucidus (Meigen, 1824) lamia (Meigen, 1838) frontalis (Macquart, 1845) maksymovi Mesnil, 1952 Tribe Linnaemyini nigroscutellata Lundbeck, 1927 Linnaemya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 nudibasis Stein, 1924 Micropalpis Macquart, 1834 pilipennis (Fallén, 1810) perinealis Pandellé, 1895 Asiphona Mesnil, 1954 vulpina (Fallén, 1810) verralli (Wainwright, 1928) Lydina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Ceromya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 aenea (Meigen, 1824) bicolor (Meigen, 1824) crassitarsis (Zetterstedt, 1838) Peribaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 grossicornis (Zetterstedt,. 1838) Herbstia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851, preocc. simplicitarsis (Zetterstedt, 1838) Strobliomyia Townsend, 1926 Lypha Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 fissicornis (Strobl, 1910) Aporomyia Rondani, 1859 Siphona Meigen, 1803 Micronychia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 Crocuta Meigen, 1800, suppressed Eversmania: authors, not Robineau-Desvoidy (mi Bucentes Latreille, 1809 sidentification) boreata Mesnil, 1960 dubia (Fallén, 1810) collini Mesnil, 1960 umbrinervis (Zetterstedt, 1844) confusa Mesnil, 1961 ruficauda (Zetterstedt, 1838) cristata (Fabricius, 1805) maculipennis (Zetterstedt, 1844) palpina Zetterstedt, 1859 flavifrons Streger, 1849 Tribe Tachinini geniculata (De Geer, 1776) Nowickia Wachtl, 1894 minuta (Fabricius, 1805) alpina (Zetterstedt, 1849)3 grandistyla Pandellé, 1849 5 marklini (Zetterstedt, 1838) maculata Streger, 1849 regalis (Rondani, 1859) mesnili Andersen, 1982 Peleteria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 nigricans (Villeneuve, 1930) rubescens (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) hokkaidensis Mesnil, 1957 nigricornis (Meigen, 1838) silvarum Herting, 1967 72 paludosa Mesnil, 1960 cinerea (Fallén, 1810) pauciseta Rondani, 1865 usta (Zetterstedt, 1844) delicazula Mesnil, 1960 , rossica Mesnil, 1961 Tribe Exoristini setosa Mesnil, 1960 Chetogena Rondani, 1856 Salia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, preocc. Tribe Blondeliini Spoggosia Rondani, 1859 Belida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 obliquata (Fallén, 1810) Aporotachina Meade, 1894 gramma (Meigen, 1824) angelicae (Meigen, 1824) echinura (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) futilis (Zetterstedt, 1844) occlusa (Rondani, 1859) Blondelia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Exorista Meigen, 1803 nigripes (Fallén, 1820) Zelleria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Istocheta Rondani, 1859 Adenia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Hyperecteina Schiner, 1861 Guerinia: authors, not Robineau-Desvoidy (misi longicornis (Fallén, 1810) dentification) Leiophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Tachina: authors, not Meigen (misidentification) Arrhinomyia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 fasciata (Fallén, 1820) Apatelia Stein, 1924, preocc. nitidiventris (Zetterstedt, 1859) innoxia (Meigen, 1824)6 mimula (Meigen, 1824) spathulaejOrmis (Zetterstedt, 1838) verax (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863) spathulaecornis (Zetterstedt, 1844) minor (Wainwright, 1932) cylindracea (Zetterstedt, 1844) nigricans: Emden, 1954, not Egger (misiden Medina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 tification) Degeeria Meigen, 1838 rustica (Fallén, 1810) Mollia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Phorocera Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Velocia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 obscura (Fallén, 1810) Amedoria Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 vernalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 collaris (Fallén, 1820) luctuosa (Meigen, 1824) separata (Meigen, 1824) Tribe Winthemiini Nemorilla Rondani, 1856 Meigenia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 maculosa (Meigen, 1824) Spylosia Rondani, 1856 Rhaphiochaeta Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 dorsalis (Meigen, 1824) breviseta (Zetterstedt, 1838)8 discolor (Zetterstedt, 1838) vulneraticornis (Zetterstedt, 1859) pi/osa Baranov, 1927 Timavia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 mutabilis (Fallén, 1810) Omotoma Lioy, 1864 bisignata (Meigen, 1824) Nemosturmia Townsend, 1926 Oswaldia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Chetoliga: authors, not Rondani (misidentification) Phaedima R 73 .. Monochaeta Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 Carcelia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 albicans (Fallén, 1810) Paraexorista Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 perturbans (Zetterstedt, 1844) atricosta Herting, 1961 Elodia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 lucorum (Meigen, 1824) Pentamyia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 cheloniae (Rondani, 1859) am/Julatoria (Meigen, 1824) gnava: authors, not Meigen (misidentifica convexifrons (Zetterstedt, 1844) tion) cloacellae (Kramer, 1910) Drino Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 morio(Fallén, 1820)9 Phorcida: authors, not Robineau-Desvoidy (misi tragica (Meigen, 1824) .dentification) Erynnia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 lota (Meigen, 1824) ocypterata (Fallén, 1810) vicina (Zetterstedt, 1848) nUida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Epicampocera Macquart, 1850 ocypterina (Zetterstedt, 1838) succincta (Meigen, 1824) Eumea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Huebneria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1848 Epimasicera Townsend, 1912 affinis (Fallén, 1810) linearicornis (Zetterstedt, 1844) Lydella Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 westermanni (Zetterstedt, 1844), preocc. ripae (Brischke, 1885) spernenda (Zetterstedt, 1844) stabulans (Meigen, 1824) locuples Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Madremyia Townsend, 1916 Frontina Meigen, 1838 clausa (Villeneuve, 1937) laeta (Meigen, 1824) Nilea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 laetabilis (Zetterstedt, 1844) Lylibaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Gonia Meigen, 1803 Himera Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863, preocc. Salmacia Meigen, 1800, suppressed hortulana (Meigen, 1824) I Reaumuria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 innoxia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 capUata (De Geer, 1776) lethifera (Pandellé, 1895) ornata Meigen, 1826 rufiscutellaris (Zetterstedt, 1859) lateralis Zeller, 1842 temeraria (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863) sicula Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 tomentosa (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863) fasciata Meigen, 1826, preocc. abnormis (Brischke, 1885) picea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 boettcheri (Villeneuve, 1919) Myxexoristops Townsend, 1911 Periarchiclops Villeneuve, 1924 blondeli (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) scutellaris (Fallén, 1820) arctica (Zetterstedt, 1838) abbreviata (Zetterstedt, 1859) pexops (Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1890 Phebellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1846 stolida (Stein, 1924) Melibaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1847, preocc. nox (Hall, 1937) glauca (Meigen, 1824) Ocytata Gistl, 1848 aurulenta (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1847) Roeselia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, preocc. glaucoides Herting, 1961 Racodineura Rondani, 1861 strigifrons (Zetterstedt, 1838)1O pallipes (Fallén, 1820) diligens (Zetterstedt, 1844) antiqua (Meigen, 1824) lapponica (Ringdahl, 1942) Onychogonia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 stulta (Zetterstedt, 1844) cervini (Bigot, 1881) obesa (Zetterstedt, 1859) flaviceps (Zetterstedt, 1838) quadriseta (Villeneuve, 1910) interrupta (Rondani, 1859) cotei (Grilat, 1915) Platymya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 villica (Zetterstedt, 1838) fimbriata (Meigen, 1824) aestivalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1846 nemestrina (Meigen, 1824) ingens (Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891) hjJalinipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838) Phryxe Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 tricingulata (Zetterstedt, 1838) magnicornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) hyalipennis (Zetterstedt, 1844) longicauda Wainwright, 1940 Zenillia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 vulgaris (Fallén, 1810) libatrix (Panzer, 1798) praetervisa (Zetterstedt, 1844) . rotundaticornis (Zetterstedt, 1844) Tribe Eryciini Pseudoperichaeta Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 Aplomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 palesioidea (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) confinis (Fallén, 1820) trizonata (Zetterstedt, 1844) bicingulata (Zetterstedt, 1844) major Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 Cadurciella Villeneuve, 1927 hirta: authors, not Bigot (misid~ntification) trUaeniata (Rondani, 1859) Senometopia Macquart, 1834 74 Eucarcelia Baranov, 1934 of unicolor Fallén. I have not seen further Nor bombycivora (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) wegian material. separata (Rondani, 1859) (8) I have examined a d syntype of Tachina brevi pollinosa (Mesnil, 1941) seta Zetterstedt, 1838: 645 from Dovre (Iabelled obesa (Boheman, 1863), preocc. «Nv.alp.») in the Boheman collection, which ag-' obesa: authors, not Zetterstedt (misidentifica rees with Mesnil's (I 949) concept of breviseta. I tion) have also seen a male from Aurland in Museum rutilla: authors, not Rondani (misidentifica of Zoology, Lund (Ringdahl leg.) (cf. Ringdahl tion) 1954). Tlephusa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 (9) Elodia morio (Fallén). Recorded from Norway cincinna (Rondani, 1859) by Zetterstedt 0838: 639-640, 1844: honesta (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863) 1076- 1077) and Ringdahl (952). I have exa diligens: authors, not Zetterstedt (misidentifi mined a male specimen from Dovre (Boheman cation) leg,) in Zetterstedt's Insecta Lapponica collection Xylotachina Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891 in Museum of Zoology, Lund. No further Nor diluta (Meigen, 1824) wegian material has been available. ligniperdae Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891 OO) Phebellia strigifrons (Zetterstedt). Not seen. Ho lotype d of Tachina strigifrons Zetterstedt, Unrecognised species 1838 and lectotype Q of Tachina diligens Zet Micra Zetterstedt, 1838 terstedt, 1844 (cf. Herting 1982) are both from trixina Zetterstedt, 1838 11 Norway. OI) Micra trixina Zetterstedt. Holotype d from Norway (cf. Zetterstedt 1838: 631) is apparently losdcf. Mesnil 1975: 1369) and its identity unk Annotatlons nown. JI) Gymnosoma nudifrons Herting. Material repor ted as Gymnosoma rotundatum (L.) by Rognes (981) belongs to nudifrons. (2) Loewia phaeoptera (Meigen). Based on a single ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS male in the Oslo collection labelled «Loewia Many thanks are due to L. Greve lensen, Mu ? phaeoptera Meig.» by Herting. (3) Nowickia alpina (Zetterstedt). Material reported seum of Zoology, Bergen, 1.E. Raastad, Mu as Nowickia marklini (Zetterstedt) by Rognes seum of Zoology, Oslo, and A. Fjellberg, (981) belongs to alpina. Troms0 Museum, for having made the collec (4) Elfia cingulata (Robineau-Desvoidy) and Elfia tions of calypterate Diptera in their care avai minutissima (Zetterstedt). Stig Andersen (Co lable to me; to S. Andersen, Copenhagen, and B. penhagen) has examined and identified the avai Herting, Ludwigsburg, for having checked my lable material Gn litt. 5.ix.1983). identification of a number of difficult species; to (5) Siphona grandistyla Pandellé. Not seen. Inclu R. Danielsson, Lund, and PJ. Persson, Stock ded on the basis of a record in Andersen (982). holm, for loan of material from coll. Ringdahl (6) Leiophora'innoxia (Meigen). I have only seen the holotype «d» of Tachina spathulaeformis and Zetterstedt, and coI!. Boheman, respectively; Zetterstedt, 1838: 637 and (automatically) Tato K. Berggren, B. Sagvolden and 1.H. Simonsen china spathulaecornis Zetterstedt, 1844: 1065 for letting me see their collections; and to T. 10 from Norway (Dovre, Boheman leg.), which ac nassen, F. Midtgaard, T.R. Nielsen, A.-l. Nilsen, cording to Ringdahl (I934, 1945) belongs to the G. Sanson, 1.H. Simonsen and S. Svendsen for present species. B. Herting has given the speci gift of valuable specimens. The grant from Sta men a holotype label and an identification label vanger Lrererh0gskole 1982-1983 is gratefully reading «Leiophora innoxia Meig. Q B. Herting acknowledged. det.» (7) Policheta unicolor (Fallén). The holotype Q of Tachina funebris Zetterstedt, 1838: 647 is from Norway (Dovre, Boheman leg.). This is a syno REFERENCES nym of Tachina unicolor Fallén, 1820 according Andersen, S. 1982. 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Norge hidtil bemrerkede Diptera Brachycera. - 1944b. Contributions to the knowledge of the ta TromsfJ Mus. Aarsh. 23 (900), 13 -112. chinids and muscids of Norway. TromsfJ Mus. Crosskey, R.W. 1973. A conspectus of the Tachini Aarsh. 65 (942)(4),1-27. dae (Diptera) of Australia, including keys to the - 1945. Forteckning over de av Zetterstedt i Insecta supraspecific taxa and taxonomic and host catalo Lapponica och Diptera Scandinaviae beskrivna ta gues. Bull. Br. Mus. nato Rist. (Ent.) Suppl. 21, chiniderna med synonymer jamte anteckningar 1-221. over en deI arter. Opusc. ent. 10, 26- 35. - 1975.78. Tachinidae. - ln: Kloet, G.S. & Hincks, - 1952. Catalogus Insectorum Sueciae XI Diptera W.D. (eds,), A check list of British insects. Second Cyclorrapha: Muscaria Schizometopa. Opusc. ent. edition. Part 5: Diptera and Siphonaptera. Randbk 17, 129 - 186. Ident. Br. Insects 9 (5),95-105. - 1954. Nya fyndorter for norska Diptera. Norsk - 1976. A taxonomic conspectus of the Tachinidae ent. Tidsskr. 9, 46-54. (Diptera) of the Oriental Region. Bull. Br. Mus. ~ognes, K. 1981. Recent records of Tachinidae and nato Rist. (Ent.) Suppl. 26, 1-357. Rhinophoridae (Dipt.) from Norway. Fauna norv. 1977. Family Tachinidae. - ln: Delfinado, M.D. Ser. B. 28, 102-114. & Hardy, D.E. (eds,), A catalog of the Diptera of - 1982. A small collection of calypterate Diptera the Oriental Region, Volume III, suborder Cyc (Tachinidae, Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae, Mu lorrhapha (exc!uding Division Aschiza), pp. scidae) from the Dovre mountains, Southern Nor 586-697. The University Press of Hawaii, Ho way. Fauna norv. Ser. B. 29, 110-114. nolulu. - 1983a. Some Diptera (Tachinidae, Calliphoridae, - 1980. 93. Family Tachinidae. - ln: Crosskey, Fanniidae, Muscidae) from the mountains of the R. W. (ed,), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afro Finse area, Southern Norway. Fduna norv. Ser. tropical Region, pp. 822-882. British Museum B. 30, 25-33. (Natural History), London. - 1983b. Additions to the Norwegian fauna of ca Hackmann, W. 1980. A check list of Finnish Diptera lypterate Diptera (Tachinidae, Calliphoridae, Mu II. Cyclorrhapha. Notul. ent. 60, 117 - 162. scidae). Fauna norv. Ser. B. 30, 88-93. Herting, B. 1982. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der palaarkti Scheyen, W.M. 1889. Supplement til H. Siebke's schen Raupenfliegen (Dipt. Tachinidae), XVI. Enumeratio Insectorum Norvegicorum, Fase. IV. Stuttg. Beitr. Naturk. (A) 358, 1-13. (Diptera) Christiania Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. 1889 Lundbeck, W. 1927. Diptera Danica. Part VJl. Platy (2), 1-15. pezidae, Tachinidae. G.E.C. Gad, Copenhagen. Siebke, J.H.S. 1877. Enumeratio Insectorum Norvegi Mesnil, L.P. 1944-1975. 64 g. Larvaevorinae (Ta corum Fasciculum IV. Catalogum Dipterum Con chinidae). - ln: Lindner, E. (ed.), Die Fliegen der tinentem. A.W. Bf0gger, Christiania, 255 pp. Palaearktischen Region 10, 1-1435. Zetterstedt, J.W. 1838. Sectio Tertia Diptera. Pp. - 1980. 64 f. Dexiinae. - ln: Lindner, E. (ed,), Die 477-868 in his Insecta Lapponica, 1140 pp, Lip Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region 9 (Lieferung siae ( = Leipzig), «1840». 323), l-52. - 1844. Diptera Scandinaviae disposita et descripta, Ringdahl, O. 1934. Bidrag til kannedomen om en dei 3, 895-1280. Lundae (= Lund). av Zetterstedts tachinid-typer (Diptera). Ent. Tidskr. 55, 266-272. Received 17 Aug. 1984 76 A check-list of Norwegian Muscidae (Diptera)l KNUT ROGNES Rognes, K. 1986. A check-list of Norwegian Muscidae (Diptera). Fauna norvegica Ser. B, 33,77-85. Muscid material from Norway in the museum collections ofthe Universities in Bergen, Oslo and Troms0, in my own collection and some other collections has been revised and a check list of 289 species known at present from Norway is presented. Three new synonymies are established: (l) Aricia umbrata Storm, 1896 = Hebecnema umbratica (Meigen, 1826), (2) He tina loekenae Lavêiev, 1983 = Hetina bohemani (Ringdahl, 1916), and O) Spilogona har dangervidensis Lavêiev, 1983 =Spilogona depressiuscula (Zetterstedt, 1838). Coenosia flavi seta Huckett, 1965 is recorded from the Palaearctic Region for the first time. Knut Rognes, Stavanger Lrererh0gskole, Postboks 2521 Ullandhaug, N-4001 Stavanger, Norway. The check-list of Muscidae presented below co these are included among the annotations at the vers Norway with exclusion of Svalbard and end of the list. replaces the previously published lists of Siebke The following type-material from Norway (1877), Sch0yen (I889, 1895), Bidenkap (1892, has been examined: Aricia semipellucida Zetter 1898, 1901)andRingdahl(I944a, 1944b, 1952). stedt, 1845: 1523 (d syntype labelled «Suub) in Fannia and its allies are now usually treated as a Zetterstedt's hand in the Oslo collection) family separate from the Muscidae proper and (= Lophosceles mutatus Fallén), .Anthomyza li this practice is followed here. The list is based neatipes Zetterstedt, 1845: 1676 (Q syntype upon a revision of the material of muscids from from AIstahaug 8 luly 1840), Aricia maculipen Norway in the museum collections of the Uni nis Storm, 1896: 238 (holotype d in Troms0 versities in Bergen (mainly O. Bidenkap, A. Museum) (= Phaonia pratensis Rob.-Desv.), Fjellberg, L. Greve, A. L0ken, N. Knaben, T.R. Aricia anthomyzoides Storm, 1896: 239 (holo Nielsen leg.) (parts of the material collected at type d in Troms0 Museum) (= Thricops longi Hardangervidda during the IBP project have pes Zett.), Aricia propinqua Storm, 1896: 239 been included, see Fjellberg 1972), Oslo (mainly (holotype d in Troms0 Museum) (= Helina ci l. Knaben, R. Krogerus, lH.S. Siebke leg.) and nerella Wulp), Aricia umbrata Storm, 1896: 238 Troms0 (maiflly T. Soot-Ryen, but some also O. (2 d d syntypes in Troms0 Museum) Ringdahlleg.) (about 7800 specimens) and in my (= Hebecnema umbratica Meigen, N.SYN.), own collection (about 7900 specimens). ln addi Phaonia norvegica Ringdahl, 1928 (I d syntype tion a few small private collections have been from Troms0 in Troms0 Museum) (= Phaonia examined (B. Sagvolden, Rollag, l.H. Simonsen, zugmayeriae SchnabI), Helina loekenae Lavêiev, Oslo). I have not seen the V. Storm collection in 1983: 101 (holotype d in the Bergen collection) Trondheim revised by Ringdahl (1944a) (except (= Helina bohemani Ringdahl, N.SYN.), Spi/o for the Storm types, rediscovered in the Troms0 gona hardangervidensis Lavêiev, 1983: 104 (ho collection, see below). Occasional specimens in lotype d in the Bergen collection) ( = Spi/ogona foreign collections have also been examined depressiuscula Zett., N.SYNJ (coll. Zetterstedt, Lund, coll. Becker, Berlin, coll. Ringdahl (I 952) listed 180 species from Nor Ringdahl, Lund). I have also examined some way on the basis of his own collecting activities unidentified material from Norway collected by in Northern Norway, revisions of the Troms0 P. Ardo, H. Andersson and R. Dahl Gn Lund). I and Trondheim collections (Ringdahl 1928, have examined specimens from Norway of ali I944a, I944b), the Zetterstedt collection which the species listed except 8. My reasons for listing contains specimens, including types, from Nor- I) Paper no. 7 in a series based on investigations financed by a grant (< Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33:77-85. Oslo 1986. 77 way (Ringdahl 1939), and unpublished exami Tribe Azeliini nation of parts of the Oslo and Bergen collec Azelia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 tions (some results published by Soot-Ryen aterrima (Meigen, 1826) 1943). 2 species, Hydrotaea capensis and Spilo cilipes (Haliday, 1838) gona trianguligera, published by Sch0yen (1895) tibialis (Staeger, 1843), preocc. staegeri (Zetterstedt, 1845) and Ringdahl (1928), respectively, were not inc gibbera (Meigen, 1826) luded. Ringdahl (1954a) added 7 species, Ardo nebulosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (1957) 3, Dahl (1968) 2, Pont (1971) I, and Rog macquarti (Staeger, 1843) nes (1979, 1982, 1983a, 1983b) 26, bringing the trigonica Hennig, 1956 total no. 221. The present revision lists 289 spe triquetra (Wiedemann, 1817) cies from Norway. ln comparison it may be no nudipes (Zetterstedt, 1849) ted that 21 3 species have been published from zetterstedtii Rondani, 1866 Denmark (Michelsen 1977), 251 from Finland Thricops Rondani, 1856 (Hackman 1980), 344 from Sweden (Ringdahl Tricophticus Rondani, 1861 Alloeostylus Schnabl, 1888 1952) and 279 from the British Isles (Pont 1975). Hera Schnabl, 1888 ln view of the high number of species known Rhynchotrichops Schnabl, 1889 from Sweden it is safe to conclude that many Pterocanthus Malloch, 1921 species still await discovery in Norway. Lasiops: authors, not Meigen (misidentification) The classification and nomenclature adopted aculeipes (Zetterstedt, 1838) is the one used by A.C. Pont in his Muscidae albibasalis (Zetterstedt, 1849) I contribution to the forthcoming Catalogue of cunctans (Meigen, 1826) Palaearctic Diptera (editor A. Sôos, Budapest). hirsutula (Zetterstedt, 1838) The nomenclature differs in several respects depressiventris (Zetterstedt, 1~5) from the one used e.g. by Hennig (1955 -1964). diaphanus (Wiedemann, 1817) varians (Zetterstedt, 1838) A number of generic synonyms are provided to foveolatus (Zetterstedt, 1845) aid in recognition of generic limits. Specific sy perpendicularis (Zetterstedt, 1845) nonyms are included when based on type-speci furcatus (Stein, 1916) mens from Scandinavian localities, met with in genarum (Zetterstedt, 1838) commonly used identification literature (e.g. sundewalli (Zetterstedt, 1845) Ringdahl 1954c, 1956, Hennig 1955 -1964 hirtulus (Zetterstedt, 1838) Fonseca 1968), or else occuring in works dea· subrostrata (Zetterstedt, 1845) ling with the Scandinavian fauna. ln the list ali innocuus (Zetterstedt, 1838) synonyms are indented relative to valid names. pubipes (Zetterstedt, 1845) lividiventris (Zetterstedt, 1845) Superscript numbers refer to the annotations at longipes (Zetterstedt, 1845) the end of the list. At the end of the paper is a list atra (Fallén, 1823), preocc. of species recorded from Norway in the litera anthomyzoides (Storm, 1896) ture but excluded from the check-list on the nigrifrons (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) basis of presently available evidence. variabilis (Fallén, 1823), preocc. nigritellus (Zetterstedt, 1838) rostratus (Meade, 1882) Famlly Muscldae semicinereus (Wiedemann, 1817) hyalinata (Fallén, 1823), preocc. Subfamlly Achanthlpterlnae separ (Zetterstedt, 1845) Achanthiptera Rondani, 1856 simplex (Wiedemann, 1817) rohrelliformis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) postica (Zetterstedt, 1846) inanis (Fallén, 1825), preocc. sudeticus (Schnabl, 1888) Drymeia Meigen, 1826 Subfamlly Musclnae Pogonomyia Rondani, 1871 Trichopticoides Ringdahl, 1931 Tribe Reinwardtiini hamata (Fallén, 1823) Muscina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 piligera (Zetterstedt, 1845) levida (Harris, 1780) tetra (Meigen, 1826) assimilis (Fallén, 1823) fuscinervis (Zetterstedt, 1838) borealis (Zetterstedt, 1838) lanceolata (Zetterstedt, 1838) pascuorum (Meigen, 1826) obscuripennis (Zetterstedt, 1838) prolapsa Harris, 1780) vicana 79 incana (Wiedemann, 1817) ochreata (Zetterstedt, 1838) nemorum (Fallén, 1823), preocc. semipellucida (Zetterstedt, 1845) plumbea (Meigen, 1826) Helina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 laeta (Fallén, 1823) Aricia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, preocc. trigonalis (Meigen, 1826) Spilogaster Macquart, 1835 laetabilis Collin, 1951 Enoplopteryx Hendel, 1902 latipalpis Schnabl, 1911 Arctohelina Ringdahl, 1929 umbraticola d'Assis Fonseca, 1957 Ammitzbollia Ringdahl, 1929 longicornis Stein, 1916 allotalla (Meigen, 1830) lugubris (Meigen, 1826) bisignata (Zetterstedt, 1855) magnicornis (Zetterstedt, 1845) annosa (Zetterstedt, 1838) morio (Zetterstedt, 1845) atricolor (Fallén, 1825) mystica (Meigen, 1826) denudata (Zetterstedt, 1845) vittifera (Zetterstedt, 1845) memnonipes (Zetterstedt, 1860) pallida (Fabricius, 1787) bohemani (Ringdahl, 1916) pallidisquama (Zetterstedt, 1849) loekenae Lavêiev, 1983, SYN.N. 5 anthracina (Zetterstedt, 1860) celsa (Harris, 1780) palpata (Stein, 1897) quadrimaculata (Fallén, 1823), preocc. perdita (Meigen, 1830) quadrimaculella Hennig, 1957 pratensis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) ciliata Karl, 19296 maculipennis (Storm, 1896) ciliatocosta (Zetterstedt, 1845) laeta: authors, not Fallén (misidentification) cilipes (Schnabl, 1902) pullata (Czerny, 1900) cinerella (Wulp, 1867) rufiventris (Scopoli, 1763) vanderwulpi (Schnabl, 1888) nugator(Harris, 1780) propinqua (Storm, 1896) testacea (Fabricius, 1780, preocc. confinis (Fallén, 1825) scutellaris (Fallén, 1825), preocc. confinis (Meigen, 1826), preocc. populi (Meigen, 1826) anceps (Zetterstedt, 1838) scutellata (Zetterstedt, 1845) consimilis (Fallén, 1825) serva (Meigen, 1826) cineraria (Zetterstedt, 1845) siebecki Schnabl, 1911 cothurnata (Rondani, 1866) conjluens Stein, 1914 obscuripes: Ringdahl 1928: 23, not Zetterstedt steinii (Strobl, 1898) (misidentification) subfusciner~'is (Zetterstedt, 1838) daicles (Walker, 1849) vicina (Zetterstedt, 1838) binotata (Zetterstedt, 1845), preocc. turpis (Zetterstedt, 1838) depuncta (Fallén, 1825) inconspicua (Zetterstedt, 1838) demigrans (Zetterstedt, 1845) subventa (Harris, 1780) decorata (Zetterstedt, 1852) variegata (Meigen, 1826) injusta (Zetterstedt, 1860) denominata (Zetterstedt, 1855) evecta (Harris, 1780) trimaculata (Bouché, 1834) lucorum (Fallén, 1823), preocc. servaeformis Ringdahl, 1916 laetiflca (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) tuguriorum (Scopoli, 1763) nivalis (Zetterstedt, 1838) signata (Meigen, 1826) jlavisquama (Zetterstedt, 1849) erythrostoma (Zetterstedt, 1849) basalis (Zetterstedt, 1838: 663), preocc. valida (Harris, 1780) fratercula (Zetterstedt, 1845) viarum Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 consors (Zetterstedt, 1845) villana Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 sororia (Zetterstedt, 1845) mystica: authors, not Meigen fulvisquama (Zetterstedt, 1845) (misidentification) impuncta (Fallén, 1825) wahlbergi Ringdahl, 1930 binotata (Macquart, 1835) zugmayeriae (Schnabl, 1888) punctiventris (Zetterstedt, 1845) humeralis (Zetterstedt, 1845), preocc. latitarsis Ringdahl, 1924 norvegica Ringdahl, 1928 atrata (Zetterstedt, 1845), unavailable Lophosceles Ringdahl, 1922 laxifrons (Zetterstedt, 1860)7 cinereiventris (Zetterstedt, 1845)4 tinctipennis (Stein, 1916) cristata (Zetterstedt, 1845) longicornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) frenatus (Holmgren, 1872) luteisquama (Zetterstedt, 1845) hians (Zetterstedt, 1838) maculipennis (Zetterstedt, 1845) impar (Zetterstedt, 1846) obscuripes (Zetterstedt, 1845) mutatus (Fallén, 1825) obscurata (Meigen, 1826) 80 sahlbergi (Zetterstedt, 1838) sootryeni Ringdahl, 1928 sordidiventris (Zetterstedt, 1845) urbana (Meigen, 1826) protuberans (Zetterstedt, 1845) rustica (Fallén, 1825), preocc. exsul (Zetterstedt, 1845) Opsolasia Coquillett, 1910 pubiseta (Zetterstedt, 1845) orichalcea «Zetterstedt, 1849) quadrum (Fabricius, 1805) Myospila Rondani, 1856 dignota (Bidenkap, 1890) bimaculata (Macquart, 1834) reversio (Harris, 1780) hennigi Gregor & Povolny, 1959 compuncta (Wiedemann, 1817) meditabunda (Fabricius, 1781) duplicata (Meigen, 1826) nora (Walker, 1849) communis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) aluta (Walker, 1849) duplaris (Zetterstedt, 1845) Hebecnema Schnabl, 1889 vilis (Zetterstedt, 1845) fumosa (Meigen, 1826) jlavogrisea (Zetterstedt, 1860) fuscipes (Zetterstedt, 1845) setiventris Ringdahl, 19248 nigra Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 sexmaculata (Preyssler, 1791) halterata Ringdahl, 1941, preocc. uliginosa (Fallén, 1825), preocc. vespertina: authors, e.g. Hennig, not Falléil punctata (Robineau-Desvoidy, 183 O) (misidentification) jlavicoxa (Zetterstedt, 1860) nigricolor (Fallén, 1825) spinicosta (Zetterstedt, 1845) ignobilis (Zetterstedt, 1845) congenulata (Zetterstedt, 1860) olivacea (Zetterstedt, 1845) squalens (Zetterstedt, 1838) umbratica (Meigen, 1826) borealis (Zetterstedt, 1838) capucina (Zetterstedt, 1849) subvittata (Séguy, 1923) umbrata (Storm, 1896), SYN.N. rothi Ringdahl, 1939 vespertina (Fallén, 1823) marmorata: authors, not Zetterstedt nigrita (Fallén, 1823), preocc. (misidentification) affinis Malloch, 1921 trivittata (Zetterstedt, 1860) Graphomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 9 atripes (Meade, 1889) Curtonevra Macquart, 1834 veterana (Zetterstedt, 1838) maculata (Scopoli, 1763) lapponica (Ringdahl, 1918) minor Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 vicina (Czerny, 1900) picta (Zetterstedt, 1855) suecica Ringdahl, 1924 Brontaea Kowarz, 1873 Gymnodia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863, preocc. Subfamlly Coenosl1nae humilis (Zetterstedt, 1860) Tribe Limnophorini Spilogona Schnabl, 1911 Limnaricia Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911 Subfamlly Mydaelnae, Coenosites Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911 Mydaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Spilogo!loides Ringdahl, 1932 Subphaonia Ringdahl, 1934 aerea (Fallén, 1825) . affinis Meade, 1891 rotundiventris (Zetterstedt, 1845) discimana Malloch, 1920 albisquama (Ringdahl, 1932) ancilla (Meigen, 1826) alpica (Zetterstedt, 1845) anicula (Zetterstedt, 1860) arenosa (Ringdahl, 1918)10 comi (Scopoli, 1763) atrisquamula Hennig, 1959 princeps (Harris, 1780) atrisquama (Ringdahl, 1932), preocc. pagana (Fabricius, 1794), preocc. baltica (Ringdahl, 1918) scutellaris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 brunneifrons Ringdahl, 1931 deserta (Zetterstedt, 1845) dorsata: Ringdahl 1944b: 21, not Zetterstedt electa (Zetterstedt, 1860) (misidentification) humeralis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 brunneisquama (Zetterstedt, 1845) tincta (Zetterstedt, 1845) carbonella (Zetterstedt, 1845) nubila Stein, 1916 contractifrons (Zetterstedt, 1838) obscura (Stein, 1898), preocc. arctica (Zetterstedt, 1838) obscurella Malloch, 1921 fumipennis (Zetterstedt, 1845) bengtssoni Ringdahl, 1924 denigrata (Meigen, 1826) orthonevra (Macquart, 1835) nigrinervis (Zetterstedt, 1845) detrita (Zetterstedt, 1845) depressiuscula (Zetterstedt, 1838) palpalis Stein, 1916 tristiola (Zetterstedt, 1838) setifemur Ringdahl, 1924 hardangervidensis Lavêiev, 1983, SYN.N. 81 depressula (Zetterstedt, 1845) veterrima (Zetterstedt, 1845) dispar (Fallén, 1823) alulata (Zetterstedt, 1855) meridionalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Limnophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 funeralis (Rondani, 1866) Melanochelia Rondani, 1866 zetterstedtii (Schnabl, 1887) Pseudolimnophora Strobl, 1893 wilhelmi (Schnabl, 1887) Calliophrys Kowarz, 1893 dorsata (Zetterstedt, 1845) exuta (Kowarz, 1893) frigida (Ringdahl, 1920) nigripes (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) falleni Pont, 1984 olympiae Lyneborg, 1965 litorea: authors, not Fallén (misidentification) pandellei Séguy, 1923 litorea (Fallén, 1823) lindrothi Ringdahl, 1930 longipes (Ringdahl, 1918) orbitalis: authors, not Stein (misidentification) malaisei (Ringdahl, 1920) riparia (Fallén, 1824) meadei (Schnabl, 1915) scrupulosa (Zetterstedt, 1845) subalpina (Ringdahl, 1918) sinuata Collin, 1930 kuntzei: authors, not Schnabl islandica Lyneborg, 1965 (misidentification) tigrina (Am Stein, 1860) megastoma (Boheman, 1866) notata (Fallén, 1823), preocc. micans (Ringdahl, 1918) triangula (Fallén, 1825) nigriventris (Zetterstedt, 1845) uniseta Stein, 1916 nitidicauda (Schnabl, 1911) Lispe Latreille, 1796 jamtlandica (Ringdahl, 1918) litorea Fallén, 1825 norvegica (Ringdahl, 1932) pygmaea Fallén, 1825 11 novemmaculata (Zetterstedt, 1860) tenuipalpis Stenhammar, 1846 obscuripennis (Stein, 1916) lacteipalpis (Zetterstedt, 18491 opaca (Schnabl, 1915) tentaculata (De Geer, 1776) freyii (Ringdahl, 1918) uliginosa Fallén, 1825 pacifica (Meigen, 1826) vana (Zetterstedt, 1845) Tribe Coenosiini nupta (Zetterstedt, 1860) Pseudocoenosia Stein, 1916 placida (Huckett, 1932) Paracoenosia Ringdahl, 1945, preocc. glaucella (Ringdahl, 1932) Coenosiosoma Ringdahl, 1947 puberula (Ringdahl, 1918) abnormis Stein, 1916 quinquelineata (Zetterstedt, 1838) solitaria (Zetterstedt, 1838) fulgidicauda (Schnabl, 1915) longisquama (Zetterstedt, 1845) sanctipauli (Malloch, 1921) longicauda (Zetterstedt, 1860) scutulata (Schnabl, 1911) Limnospila Schnabl, 1902 munda 83 Spectes excluded from the Norwegtan I1st - 1901. Fore10big oversigt over de i det arktiske Pyrellia rapax (Harris, 1780). Recorded from Nor Norge hidtil bemrerkede Oiptera Brachycera. way by Hennig O963, as ignita) probably because of Tromse Mus. Aarsh. 23 (1900), 13 -112. some misunderstanding. See Rognes 0979: 52) on Dahl, R. 1968. Studies on the Oiptera Brachycera fa this matter. una of the sea shores in North Norway. Norsk Pyrellia vivida Robineau-Oesvoidy, 1830. Recor ent. Tidsskr. 15, 19-27. ded with some hesitation by Ringdahl (I 928) from Fonseca, E.C.M. d'Assis 1968. Oiptera Cyclorrhapha Norway (as cadaverina). See also Rognes (979) on Calyptrata. Section (b) Muscidae. Handbk Ident. this matter. The specimen on which Ringdahl's re Br. Insects /O (4) (b), 1-119. cord was based has been traced in the Troms0 collec Hackman, W. 1980. A check Iist of the Finnish Cip tion. It carries a label with «Pyrellia cadaverina L.?» tera. II. Cyclorrhapha. Notul. Ent. 60, 117 -162. in Ringdahl's hand. It is a female specimen of Euda Hennig, W. 1955-1964. 63b. Muscidae. - ln: syphora cyanicolor (Zetterstedt). Lindner, E. (ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Helina obtusipennis (Fallén, 1823). Recorded by Region 7 (2), 1-1110. Zetterstedt 0838: 666) from «Bjorkvik Nordlandiae» Huckett, H.C. 1965. The Muscidae of Northern Ca and by Zetterstedt 0845: 1425) also from «Nres Ver nada, Alaska and Greenland (Oiptera). Mem. ent. daI ire ». I have examined the latter specimen which is Soe. Cano 42, 369 pp. a female Helina celsa (Harris). Lavêiev, V. 1983. Neue Muscidenarten aus Norwe Spilogona marginifera Hennig, 1959. Recorded gen: Helina loekenae n.sp. und Spilogona har dangervidensis n.sp. (Oiptera: Muscidae). Ent. from Norway k ..ad radicem alpium Kãlaho gar...specimen unicum.. .Iectum») by Zetterstedt scand. 14, 10 I-I 06. Michelsen, V. 1977. Oversigt over Danmarks Musci 0845: 1515-1516, as Aricia marginalis). No corre dae (Oiptera). Ent. Meddr 45, 109-163. sponding specimen could be traced in Zetterstedt's Pont, A.C. 1971. Some Muscidaf} (Oiptera) from collections in Museum of Zoology, Lund (personal visit May 1984). Lake Tarraure, Lule Lappmark, Sweden, with notes on collecting in other parts of Scandinavia. Ent. Tidskr. 92, 100-122. - 1975. 85. Muscidae. - ln: Kloet, G.S. & Hincks, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS W .0. (eds,), A check Iist of British Insects. Second Many thanks are due to L. Greve Jensen, Mu edition. Part 5: Oiptera and Siphonaptera. Handbk seum of Zoology, Bergen, J.E. Raastad, Mu Ident. Br. Insects 9 (5), 114-119. seum of Zoology, Oslo, and A. Fjellberg, Ringdahl, O. 1928. Beitrãge zur Kenntnis der Antho myidenfauna des nordlichen Norwegens. TromsfJ Troms0 Museum, for having made the collec Mus. Aarsh. 49 (1926), (3), 1-60. tions of calypterate Diptera in their care avai - 1939. Oiptera der Fam. Muscidae, (die Gattungen lable to me; to A.C. Pont, London, for most ge Aricia und Anthomyza) von Zetterstedt in «In nerously having put the ms copy of his Musci secta Lapponica» und «Oiptera Scandinaviae» be dae contribution to the Catalogue of Palaearctic schrieben. Opusc. ent. 4, 137-159. Diptera at my disposal, and for having checked - I 944a. Revision av Vilhelm Storms Oiptersamling a number of my identifications; to R. Daniels 2. Familjen Muscidae. K. norske Vidensk. Selsk. son, Lund, V. Michelsen, Copenhagen, A.C. Forh. 17 (20), 82 - 85. Pont, London, B. Sagvolden, H. Schumann, Ber - I 944b. Contributions to the knowledge of the ta lin, l.H. Simonsen, and J.R. Vockeroth, Ottawa, chinids and muscids of Norway. Tromse Mus. Aarsh. 65 (1942), (4), 1-27. for 10an ofmaterial; and to T. Jonassen, F. Midt - 1952. Catalogus Insectorum Sueciae XI Oiptera gaard, T.R. Nielsen, A.-J. Nilsen, J.H. Simon Cyclorrapha: Muscaria Schizometopa. Opusc. ent. sen, S. Svendsen and J.R. Vockeroth for gift of 17, 129-186. precious material. The grant from Stavanger 1954a. Nya fyndorter for norska Oiptera. Norsk Lrererh0gskole 1982-1983 is gratefully ack ent. Tidsskr. 9,46- 54. nowledged. I 954b. Oipterologiske Notiser 14. Eine neue Coe nosia (Oipt. Muscidae) aus Norwegen. Opusc. ent. 19,217. REFERENCES - 1954c. Tvâvingar. Diptera Cyclorapha Schizop hora Schizometopa. 1. Fam. Muscidae. Hãfte I. Ardo, P. 1957. Studies in the marine shore dune eco Svensk Insektfauna /l, 0-91. system with special reference to the dipterous fa - 1956. Tvavingar. Oiptera Cyclorapha Schizop una. Opusc. ent. Suppl. 14, 255 pp. hora Schizometopa. I. Fam. Muscidae. Hãfte 2. Bidenkap, O. 1892. Unders0gelser over Oiptera Bra Svensk Insektfauna II, 91 -I95. chycera i Jarlsberg og Laurvigs amt sommeren Rognes, K. 1979. Revision of the Norwegian mate 1891. Ent. Tiskr. 13,225-246. rial of the genus Dasyphora Robineau-Oesvoidy - 1898. Oiptera Brachycera fra Jarlsberg. TromsfJ (Oiptera, Muscidae) with new records of species Mus. Aarsh. 19 (1896), 147-150. and localities. Fauna norv. Ser. B, 26, 49-58. 84 ~' I I - 1982. Some interesting captures of Muscidae Snyder, F.M. 1949. Nearctic Refina Robineau-Des (Dipt.) from Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B, 29, voidy (Diptera, Muscidae). Buli. Am. Mus. nato 40-44. Rist. 94. 107 -160. 1983a. Some Diptera (Tachinidae, Calliphoridae, Soot-Ryen, T. 1943. A review of the Iiterature on Fanniidae, Muscidae) from the mountains of the Norwegian Diptera until the year 1940. Tromse Finse area, Southern Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. Mus. Aarsh. 65 (1942), (3), 1-46. B, 30,25-33. Storm, V. 1896. Dipterologiske unders0gelser. K. - 1983b. Additions to the Norwegian fauna of calyp norske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. 1895,225-241. terate Diptera (Tachinidae, Calliphoridae, Musci Zetterstedt, J.W. 1838. Sectio tertia Diptera. Pp. dae). Fauna norv. Ser. B. 30. 88-93. 477-868, in his Insecta Lapponica, vi + 1140 Sch0yen, W.M. 1889. Supplement til H. Siebke's pp. Lipsiae ( = Leipzig), «1840». Enumeratio Insectorum Norvegicorum, Fase. IV. 1845. Diptera Scandinaviae disposita et descripta. (Diptera). Christiania Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. 1889 4,1281-1738. (12), 1-15. - 1855. Diptera Scandinaviae disposita et descripta. - 1895. Et bidrag til «Gravenes fauna». Ent. Tidskr. 12, 4547 -4942. 16,121-124. Siebke, J.H.S. 1877. Enumeratio Insectorum Norvegi Received 17 Aug. 1984 corum Fasciculum IV. Catalogum Dipterorum Continentem. A.W. Br0gger, Christiania (= Oslo), 255 pp. 85 The Clusiidae (Diptera) from the islands Hâoya and Ostoya in the Oslofjord and a survey of the family in Norway LITA GREVE AND FRED MIDTGAARD Greve, L. & Midtgaard, F. 1986. The Clusiidae (Diptera) from the islands Hâ0ya and Ost0ya in the Oslofjord and a survey of the family in Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33,86-92. Fiftyfive specimens belonging to six species of Clusiidae were collected at the islands Hâ0ya and Ost0ya in inner Oslofjord (Norway) 1984. The collection was made with two Malaise traps at Hâ0ya and three Malaise traps at Ost0ya. Clusia flava (Meigen, 1834); Clusiodes al bimana (Meigen, 1830); Clusiodes ruficollis(Meigen, 1830) and Clusiodes caledonica(Collin, 1912) are reported from Norway for the first time; Clusiodes caledonica only from Hâ0ya, the others from both islands. Clusiodes apicalis (Zetterstedt, 1841) are reported for the first time from southern Norway and the second time from Norway, and Paraclusia tigrina (Fal lén, 1820) for the second time from southern Norway. Ali material, old and new, of Clusiidae in Norwegian collections are included in a survey of the family. The use of Malaise traps seems to be a good collection mithod for C1usiidae and has largely increased our knowledge of this family in the last years. Notes are given on ecology, flight periods and taxonomy of some of the species. A check list of the species found in Norway is given. Lita Greve, Zoological Museum, University of Bergen, Muséplass 3, N-SOOO Bergen, Nor way. Fred Midtgaard, Norwegian Forest Research Institute, P.O.Box 61, N-1432 Ás-NLH, Nor way. INTRODUCTION Material ofClusiidae was very rare in Norwe The small family Clusiidae (Diptera) has not gian insect collections up to the last years. AIso been subjected to any survey in Norway. Siebke much of the material mentioned by Siebke (I877) presented the first compiled list of Nor (I 877) does not longer exist today (see below). wegian Diptera and he mentioned two species belonging to this family: Paraclusia tigrina Fal lén and Clusiodes geomyzina Fallén. Clusiodes MATERIAL AND METHODS geomyzina had earlier been reported by Zetter During the summer of 1983 and 1984 insects stedt (I 848) from northern Norway. were collected from the islands Hâ0ya and Os Since Siebke the Clusiidae of Norway has t0ya in the inner part of the Oslofjord. The main been mentioned in short notes only. Ringdahl objective was to registrate the fauna of Hyme (I 954) repo,rted a third species, Clusiodes apica noptera Symphyta, but other groups were col /is (Zetterstedt) from Norway, and Greve (I 983) lected as well. Among the material collected of two other species new to Norway viz. Hendelia Diptera a surprisingly high number of species beckeri Czerny and Clusiodes verticalis (Collin). and specimens of Clusiidae were found. Wahlgren (I 917) included the Clusiidae in his Since no information has been given on this work on the Swedish flies and Hackman (I 980) fly family besides short notes on some species, a lists the species recorded from Finland. survey has been made of the distribution of the The larvae of Clusiidae develope in dead Clusiidae in Norway and all new material in wood. Larvae and pupae can be found under Norwegian collections has been included in this bark or in relatively soft wood. The adults pro survey. bably prefer shaded localities near the larval ha The abbreviations for museums where the bitat, but little is known of the ecology of many material are deposited are as follows: species. TM = Troms0 Museum, University of Troms0; 86 Fauna norv. Ser. B. 33:86-92. Oslo 1986. 2MB = Zoological Museum, University of island is a lowland area eroded into soft shales. Bergen; ZMO = Zoological Museum, University ln the central and SE'ern part low ridges run of Oslo and UNIT-Mliseet =University of ning NE-SW are formed in harder thinbedded Trondheim, the Museum. limestones with dark shale interbeds. Trap A Ir nothing else is mentioned the material is in and B were placed in this area. The lowermost 2MB. parts of the island have quaternary deposits of The geographical divisions follow 0kland mainly clay (Holtedal & Dons 1952). Trap e was (1981). placed in this area. There have been several botanical investiga tions of Ost0ya, the most recent being that of OUTLINE OF TOE LOCALITIES Bronger (1984). The traps at Ost0ya were used from 14 April until 23 September, and divided The climate measured at Fornebu (3 km NE of into 9 sampling periods. Trap A was placed in a Ost0ya and 24 km N of Ha0ya) is slightly conti meadow dominated by Geranium sanguineum, nental with a long and warm summer, and a Filipendula vulgaris, Origanum vulgare, Polygo mean temperature of 18,Ooe in July. The win natum odoratum and Poa compressa. Near the ters are comparatively cold, with a mean Janu trap some herbage consisting of Prunus spino ary temperature of - 4,6°C. The rainfall comes sus, Rosa spp., small Fraxinus excelsior and evenly through the year, and destructive dro Pinus silvestris. Not far from the trap a decidious ughts seldom occur. The climate is subhumid forest with Tilia cordata, Corylus avellana and (Bronger 1984). Acer platanoides. Trap B was placed on the bor Ha0ya is located in Akershus province, Frogn der between a meadow of the kind described community and EIS square 28. Ha0ya (570 haa) above and a decidious forest where Ulmus gla consists mainly of augen-gneisses, which are bra and TiUa cordata were dominating species. granitic in composition and weather slowly. The ln the last sampling period trap B was destroyed flora of Ha0ya has been investigated by St0rmer (Tab. 2). (1938). The steep cliffs dominating the island Trap e was located in a wet forest dominated have a very poor vegetation mainly with Pinus by Alnus glutinosa. elose to the trap was a and Calluna. ln areas with marine deposits a small, eutrofic pond (Postdammen). A descrip much richer vegetation is found. This is the case tion of the area can be found in Bronger (1984). with the plateau on the top of the southernmost part ofthe island, where two Malaise traps were placed. The traps were used from 19 April until 16 September 1984 and were emptied 8 times. RESULTS Trap A was situated in an open decidious forest Tab. 1 and 2 show the number of species and with Tilia cordata, Ulmus glabra and Querus ro specimens collected at Ha0ya and Ost0ya. Six bur as dominatiflg speacies. The trap was placed species and thirtythree specimens were collected near an old, large oak. North of the trap there at Ha0ya, the number for Ost0ya was five spe was an area with old and dying Populus tre cies and twentytwo specimens. The species Clu mula. The ground vegetation must be characte sia flava, Paraclusia tigrina, Clusiodes albi rized as rich. The forest in the area has been left mana, C. apicaUs and C. ruficollis were collected untouched by man for a long time and dead at both islands. Clusiodes caledonica was collec trees have not been removed. ted at Ha0ya only. The area around trap B is very similar to that at trap A. Trap B was placed near an old dead oak. To the south of trap B some pine, Pinus sil Notes 00 the species: vestris with several interesting plants as e.g. He dera heUx and Monotropa hypopictys. Both traps Clusia flava (Meigen, 1834) were situated approximately 120 m. above sea A total material of 1 male and 4 females were fo leveI. The trap was destroyed in the last period und. See Tab. 1 and 2. (Tab. 1). For a closer description of the area see St0rmer (1938). Ost0ya is located in Akershus province. Bre New records: rum community and in EIS square 28. The be VAY, Flekkefjord: Hidra, Osmundst0, EIS 4, drock of Ost0ya (236 haa) consists of marine se 21. Jun. - 3. JuI. 1982, Malaise trap: 1 Q; RI, dimentary rocks of Ordovician age. Most of the Hjelmeland: J0sneset, Fossa, EIS 14, 13. - 20. 87 Table 1. Malaise trap catches at Há0ya in 1984. Clusia Paraclusia Clusiodes Clusiodes CJusiodes Clusoides Clusiodes TRAP flava tigrina albimana apicalis caledonica ruficollis (Clusiodes) sp. B ~PERIOD A B A B A B A B A B A B A 19.iV - 5.V 5.V - 19.V lô 19.V - 3.Vi ( 19) 1ô( 19) 399 3. -16.Vi ld' ler 19 ler 299 19 16. - 27.Vi 19 lô 19 27.Vi -22.Vii 3ôô 399 ld' 19 22. Vii-la. Viii ld' 19 4d'ô 19 la.Viii -16.iX - 19 ------ Table 2. Malaise trap catches at Ost0ya in 1984. Clusia Paraclusia Clusiodes Clusiodes Clusiodes CkJsiodes TRAP flava ligrina albimana apicalis ruficollis (Clusiodes) sp. PERIOD ~ A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C j 14. - 28.iV 28.iV - 12.V 12. - 30.V 3ôd' 1.9 30.V - 10.Vi (19) ld' lÔ lô 10.Vi - 1.Vii 299 19 1Ô19 2cSô 1. - 24.Vii 2ÔÔ19 24.Vii-12.Viii 19 12.Viii - l.iX ler 19 1. - 23.iX - - 19 - - - - Jun. 1982: 10,20. Jun. -11. Jul. 1982, Malaise Paraclusia tigrina (Fallén, 1820) trap: I Q ; HOY I Bergen: Eidsvâg, Vollane: EIS A total material of 2 males and 3 females were 39,9.-13. Jun. 1978, Collision trap: lo; 18. found. See Tab. 1 and 2. Jun. 1980: 1 Q; HOI, Eidfjord: Tveito, 150 m. above sea leveI, EIS 33, 24. Jul. 1967: 1 Q. These are the first records of Clusia flava Revised record from Norway. The localities are situated in coas AK, Oslo: T0yen, EIS 28, Jun. 1857: I Q, ZMO tal areas as the 10cality in RI is located in a fjord (No. 7457) Siebke's (877) record is the only one north of Stavanger. Adults have been taken ma previously published from Norway. inly in June, and mostly in Malaise traps. The The species were caught in four different female from Vollane taken on 18 June 1980 was traps indicating that it might be fairly wide found in a window inside a house. The female spread on the islands. The first specimens were from Tveito was netted. caught between July and middle of August. Spe ln the field C. flava might be taken for a spe cimens are also f1ying in September. Thus P. fig cies of Lauxaniidae since the spot at the wing tip rina must be considered a late f1ying species. often is weakly developed. Wahlgren (1917) re P. figrina is the largest Clusiid in Norway, a ports C. flava north to approximately 61°N in fairly large f1y with striking wing inarks which Sweden and it is included in the list of Hackman makes it easy to note in the field. It is probably (980). Stubbs (982) reports the species to be rare in Norway. frequent in southern England. Wahlgren (1917) records this species from 88 some provinces in Sweden and it is also induded New records: in the list of Hackman (1980). VAY, Mandai: Malm0, Eskelandsmyra, EIS 6, The period of flight found at Hâ0ya and Os 6. - 22. Jul. 1982, Malaise trap: I Q; RY, Hjel t0Ya, is about the sarne as given by Stubbs (1982) meland: F0rre, EIS 15,25. Jul. 1970, 100 m. for England (August and September). P. tigrina above sea levei, Malaise trap: I d; HOY, Sam was, according to Stubbs, believed to be very nanger: Ádland, EIS 40, 16. Jun. - 2. Jul. 1982, rare in England, but has recently been found to Malaise trap: I d . occur at several localities in southern England C. albima is here reported from Norway for and South Wales. the first time. Total material 14 males and 7 fem ales. C. albimana is distributed in southern and The genus Clusiodes. central Sweden (Wahlgren 1917) and it is indu This is the only genus of Clusiídae which num ded in the list of Finnish species (Hackman bers several species in Northern Europe. Keys 1980). Stubbs (1982) reports the species to be and figures in Collin (1912); Czerny (1928)· Tuo common in southern England. mikoski (1933); Stackelberg (I 970) and Stubbs (I982) have been used in identification of the 2. Clusiodes (Clusaria) apicalis (Zetterstedt material. 1841) , The males are identified by the genitalia. The A total material of 7 males (3 females) were fo genitalia of females do not give characters for und. See Tab. I and 2. Females of C. freyi Tuo identification. Other characters used are colour mikoski and C. pictipes (Zetterstedt) can be con of wings, head and body and the number of or fused with females of C. apicalis, (Tuomikoski bital bristles. Postvertical bristles may be absent 1933). Since males of neither of the two last in some species, present in others. Still females mentioned species were found in the material of certain species can not be determined with from Hã0ya and Ost0ya there are reason to heli certainty. Such females are presented in brackets eve that the female in brackets realIy are C. api in our Tab. I and 2 and lists. calis. Siebke (I 877) endosed one species, Clusiodes geomyzina (FalIén, 1823), as Heteroneura geo myzina, in his list on Norwegian Diptera. He lis New records ted several 10c~lities, but only one specimen f~om his original material exists today. This spe RI, Forsand: Songesand, EIS 7, 27. May 1984: Clmen was correctly determined. Several new I d; HOI, Kvam: Bjerke, EIS 41,28. May-16. species of Clusiodes have been described from Jun. 1982, Malaise trap: 2 d d, (2 Q Q); HOI, North-West Europe by ColIin (I 912) and Tuo Voss: 4 km east of Mj0lfjelI, EIS 41, 8. mikoski (1933). Therefore alI older material of Jun. -13. Jul. 1985, Malaise trap: 4 d d, the genus neecfs revision. The localities mentio (8 Q Q); STI, Oppdal: Kongsvoll, Blesbekken, ned by Siebke have been left out of the list of re EIS 79, 1000 m above sea leveI, 26. May- 2. cords with exception of the one at T0yen repre Jun. 1981: I d, 2.-9. Jun. 1981: I d, (I Q), sented by the single specimen in Troms0 Mu 16.-30. Jun. 1981: I d, 7.-14.Jul. 1981: I d seum mentioned above. and 5. -12. Jun. 1980: (3 Q Q). AlI in Malaise The genus Clusiodes is divided into sub.genus tr.aps. The traps were situated in sub-alpine Clusiodes with a pair of dorso-central bristles in blrch forest. 2MB and UNIT-muséet. No other front of suture, and sub.genus Clusaria with no Clusiodes species were found. bristles in front of suture. C. apicalis was reported by Ringdahl (1954) from Troms0. This is still the only record from 1. Clusiodes (Clusiodes) albimana (Meigen Norway. The finds mentioned here are the first 1830) , records from southern Norway. A material of 12 males and 6 females were fo The male from Songesand is the only speci und. See Tab. I and 2. Only females with three men not caught in a Malaise trapo The Malaise pairs of orbital bristles at each side of the head traps at Blesbekken were positioned to catch in (~ee Stubbs, 1982) have been refered to this spe sects with aquatic larvae. The sites were there cles. fore perhaps not ideal for catching Clusiídae. The traps were operating from May to October. The records here should give good indications of flight periods of C. apicalis both in the lowlands, 89 - as Hâ0ya and Ost0ya, and in the mountains as I d; HOI, Granvin: Granvin, EIS 41, Malaise Kongsvol1. trap: 28. May-16. Jun. 1982: 13 d d, 16 9 9; Insect populations occurring in the mounta HOI, Ulvik: Hallanger, EIS 41,28. May-16. ins have often a postponed flight period compa Jun. 1982, 220 m. above sea leveI, Malaise trap: red to populations of the sarne species occurring 19; HOI, Kvam: Bjerke, EIS 41,28. May-16. in the lowlands, see e.g. Brinck (1949) who gives Jun. 1982, Malaise trap: 2 d d, 19; HOI, Voss: data on Plecoptera. No specimens were caught 4 km. east ofMj01fjell, EIS 41,8. Jun.-13. Ju1. at Ha0ya!Ost0ya later than 16 June, while one 1985, Malaise trap: 6 d d, 39 9. specimen was caught at Kongsvoll 7. - 14. July Even though there are no records from either nearly one month later. Hâh0ya and Ost0ya, C. geomyzina might be a Tuomikoski (1933) refers to C. apicalis as the fairly common species in parts of Norway. most common species of Clusiodes in Finland. Nearly all the specimens have been caught in The species is common in northern Sweden Malaise traps. We have not seen the material (Andersson, H. pers. commJ Whether C. apica mentioned by Zetterstedt (1848) from Bjerkvik, /is is common in Norway is difficult to judge Nordland province and his record is therefore from the few records mentioned here, but the not inc1uded here. C. geomyzina is easy to sepa species is at least found scattered over a very rate from other species of Clusiodes on account large area. of the extended clouding of the wing front. The C. apicalis is rare on the British Isles and only Malaise trap at Granvin yielded the total num recorded from the Scottish highlands. ber of 29 specimens which is highest number of any species of Clusiidae from Norway taken at one locality at a certain period ofpme. The Ma 3. Clusiodes (Clusiodes) caledonica (Collin, 1912) laise trap was only operating from 12 April until One male caught in Trap B at Hâ0ya. However, 16 June, emptied three times. The trap at Ád some of the females in column Clusiodes sp. land further west in the Hordaland province might belong to this species. They have two operated all summer from April until October pairs of orbital bristles only and may either be C. 1982. The locality at Granvin is a sloping mea caledonica (Collin); C. gentilis (Collin) or C. albi dow near a small brocklet. Decidious trees with mana (Meigen), see Stubbs (1982). some fruit-trees near the trap, further away there were Pinus silvestris. Close by an area had been c1ear cut. The trap near Mj01fjell was 10ca New record: ted at 670 m. above sea leveI in a birch forest. RY, Sandnes; Melshei, near brooklet, EIS 7, 6. Ju1. 1982: 1 d. These are the first records for 5. Clusiodes (C/usaria) rufico/lis (Meigen, 1830) Norway. Wahlgren (1917) do not mention this A total of 4 males and 6 females was found, see species from Sweden. Hackman inc1udes it in Tab. I and 2. his list from Finland (1980). c. caledonica is re corded from the Scottish highlands and from Ireland (Speight & Cogan, 1979). New records VE, Tj0me: Kjrere, EIS 19, E.P. in rotten Quer cus sp., 7 Mar. 1965: 1 9; VAY, Kristiansand: 4. Clusiodes (Clusaria) geomyzina (Fallén, 1823) Stangenes, EIS 2, E.P. in rotten Populus tre C. geomyzina was not found on Hâ0ya or Os mula, 25 May 1982: 1 9. These are the first re t0ya. cords of C. ruficollis from Norway. Collin Révised record: (1912) described C. fascialis from southern Eng AK, Oslo: T0yen, EIS 28,29. Ju1. 1851: 19, land. Collin figures the male genitalia. There are TM. no good figures of the male genitalia of C. rufi New records: collis Meigen (Stubbs, 1982). Since these species VAY, Flekkefjord: Gyland, Store Eikâs; EIS 4, are very similar C. fascialis might turn out to be 21. Jun.-6. Ju1. 1982, Malaise trap: 19; RY, a synonym for C. ruficollis. The female from Sandnes: Melshei, EIS 7, on timber of Picea Stangenes has a slightly dusky face and would abies, 14. Jun. 1982: I 9; RI, Forsand: Songe be a doubtful C. fascialis according to the key of sand school, EIS 7, 29. May 1984: I d; HOY, Stubbs. The colour of the material from Hâ0ya Samnanger: Ádland, EIS 40, 28. May-5. Jun. and Ost0ya vary as to colour of face from yel 1982: I d, 19,2.-17. Ju1. 1982, Malaise trap: 10w to dusky. 90 1mm DISCUSSION I Up to approximately 1980 less than ten speci mens of Clusiidae were known from Norwegian insects collections. Our survey numbers are ba sed on 143 specimens out of which 131 has been collected in Malaise traps. The increasing use of such traps in later years has proved to be a very efficient way to collect Clusiidae. Haenni & Matthey (I984) in their survey of works where Malaise traps have been used note that Malaise traps are in fact very useful for cer Fig. 1. Puparium after emergence of the adult fly. Length appr. 4 mm, breath appr. 2,5 mm. Colour tain insect groups and based on the results pre medium, somewhat reddish brown. The surface is sented here Clusiidae can be added to their list. glistening and at higher magnification finely sculptu Ha0ya and Ost0ya, where five traps were red. One hook broken off. Smith (I950) shows a fi used, yielded a total material of six species with gure of C/usia flava with two similar hooks as the 55 specimens. Note should be made to the fact one figured. Hooks are also mentioned in the descrip that from Ha0ya 33 specimens were obtained, tion of the puparium of C/usiodes a/bimana. The pu and two traps were operated. From Ost0ya 22 parium in this species should be yellowish. specimens were obtained from three traps. Both The puparium was found in rotten Popu/us tre mu/a. The reared adult has a slightly dusky face and traps at Ha0ya were in old forest, undisturbed would, according to the key in Stubbs (I982), be a by forestry, leaving rotten and dying trees as doubtful C. fascialis (Collins, 1912), It was collected breeding material for Clusiidae larvae. Trap A at in VAY, Kristiansand: Stangenes by S. Svendsen and Ost0ya was the trap which were standing in the hatched 25 May 1982. most open locality (not surrounded by trees). This trap coIlected two specimens only, the number for B =7, C = 13; M Ha0ya A = 19, Most specimens are collected in June at Ha B= 14. 0ya. We do not know if the two individuals The Clusiodes apicalis at Kongsvoll was fo were hatched indoors. The puparium of the spe und in a sub-alpine birch forest and therefore cimen from Stangenes is figured in Fig. 1. Betula verrucosa is very likely the host for the larvae, see Stubbs (I 982). However, Salix spp. should not be overlooked as a host either. C. ru ficollis 6. Clusiodes (Clusiodes) verticalis (Collin, 1912) is represented by one specimen bred from No specimens were found on Ha0ya or Ost0ya. Quercus robur. There is also a female C. ruficol lis - C. fascialis bred from rotten P,opulus tre mula. Clusiidae are mostly encountered singly or few specimens together. One Malaise trap, New record: however, yielded 29 specimens of Clusiodes ge AAY, Grimstad: Landvik, Skiftenes, EIS 6, on omyzina, the highest number by far encountered ferns, 29. Jun. 1971: 2 c5 c5; HOI, Etne: Aust in one period. The numbers of the different spe rheim, EIS 23, 26. - 30. Jun. 1985, Malaise cies is fairly small, but might give good indica trap: 1 c5 . Hitherto only reported from Western tions as to flying periods for the different spe Norway (Greve, 1983). C. verticalis is recorded cies. from Sweden (Andersson, 1971). A Check list of Norwegian Clusiidae. 1. Clusia flava (Meigen, 1834) 7. Hendelia beckeri Czerny, 1903. 2. Paraclusia tigrina (Fallen, 1820) No specimens were found on Ha0ya or Ost0ya. 3. Clusiodes (Clusiodes) albimana (Meigen, 1830) New records: 4. Clusiodes (Clusiodes) caledonica (Collin, 1912) HOY, Samnanger: Adland, EIS 40,16. Jun.-2. 5. Clusiodes (Clusaria) apicalis (Zetterstedt, Jul. 1982, Malaise trap: 19; HOI, Kvam: 1841) Bj0rke, EIS 40, 28. May-16. Jun. 1982, Mala 6. Clusiodes (Clusaria) geomyzina (Fallen, 1823) ise trap: 3 9 9. Hitherto recorded only once 7. Clusiodes (Clusaria) ruficollis (Meigen, 1830) from"Norway from HOY (Greve, 1983). 8. Clusiodes (Clusiodes) verticalis (Collin, 1912) 91 9. Hendelia beckeri (Czerny, 1903). dae) found in Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B, 30, Species likely to be encountered in the future 55. might be Clusiodes (Clusaria) freyi Tuomikoski, Hackman, W. 1980. A check-list of Finnish Diptera. 1933 and C. (Clusaria) pictipes (Zetterstedt, II. Cyclorrhapha. Notul. Ent. 60, 117 -162. 1855). Haenni, l-P. & W. Matthey, 1984. Utilisation d'un piege d'interception (tente Malaise) pour l'étude entomologique d'une tourbiere du Haute-Jura. I. Introduction et resultats generaux. Bull. Soe. neu ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS chatel. Sei. nato 107, 111-122. We are grateful to the following persons for ma Holtedahl, O. & Dons, lA. 1952. Geologisk kart over terial: Svein Svendsen, Kristiansand, Terje Jo Oslo og omegn. Det Norske Videnskaps-Aka demi, Oslo. nassen, Sjernamy and Alf-Jacob Nielsen, Hidra. Ringdahl, O. 1954. Nya fyndorter for norska Dip We will also express our thanks to John O. So tera. Norsk ent. Tidsskr. 9, 46 - 54. lem, Muséet, University of Trondheim for loan Siebke, H. 1877. Enumerario Insectorum Norvegico of material from Kongsvoll. Hugo Andersson, rum. Faseiculum IV. Catalogum Dipterorum Con Lund has given us valuable informations on the rinentem. A.W. Bf0gger, Christiania, 255 pp. Clusiidae in Sweden. The investigations on Hã· Smith, K.G.V. 1950. The puparium of Clusia flava 0ya and Ost0ya were supported by the Norwe Mg. (Diptera, Clusiidae). Entomol. mono mago 86, gian Department of Environment, the offices of 53. environment in Oslo and Akershus and in Bre Speight, C.D. & B.H. Cogan, 1979. Acrometopia wahlbergi, clusiodes caledonica and Stigmella rum. We are most grateful to Haagen Oust, Ous catharricella: Insects new to Ireland. Ir. Nat. J. 19, t0en Country Club and Bergfinn Svendsen for 401-403. I letting us place out the traps, and to Oscarsborg Stackelberg, A.A. 1970. Clusiidae, in: Opredelitel na festning for kind help with transport to Hâ0ya. sekomych evropeiskoj casti SSSR. 5 (2), 303-305. Stubbs, A.E. 1982. An identification guide to British Clusiidae. Proc. Brit. Ent. Nat. Hist. Soe. 15, REFERENCES 89-93. . Andersson, H. 1971. Faunistic notes on Scandina St0rmer, P. 1938. Vegetationsstudien auf der Insel vian Diptera Brachycera. Ent. tidskr. 92, Hã0ya im Oslofjord. Skr. Norske Vid. Akad. Oslo. 232-234. Mat.-Naturv. Kl. 9. 155 pp. Brinck, P. 1949. Studies on Swedish stoneflies (Ple Tuomikoski, R. 1933. Notizen über die Clusiiden coptera). Opusc. ent. Suppl. II, 250 pp. Finnlands. Notul. Ent. 13, 15-19. Bronger, C. 1984. Ost0ya i Brerum. Vegetasjonskart Wahlgren, E. 1917. Diptera. Andra underordningen. legging og botanisk unders0kelse av verneverdier. Flugor Cyclorapha. Andre gruppen Schizophora. Part 1. (duplicated report>o Fam. 10. Tráflugor. Clusiidae. Svensk insektsfa Collin, l.E. 1912. Three species of the «albimana» una ll, 185-189. group of the genus Heteroneura (Diptera). Ento 0kland, K.A. 1981. Inndeling av Norge til bruk ved mologíst's mono Mag. 4$, 10'6 -1 08. biografiske oppgaver - et revidert Strandsystem. Czerny, L. 1928. 54a Clusiidae - ln: Lindner, E. Fauna, Oslo 34, 167 -178. (EdJ Die Fliegen der Palearktischen Region, 6 (JJ, Zetterstedt, l.E. 1848. Diptera Scandinaviae disposita 1-15. et descripta. VoI. 7. Lundae (= Lund), p. 2788. Greve, L. 1983. Clusiodes verticalis (CoIlin, 1912) and Hendelia beckeri Czerny, 1903 (Dipt., Clusii Received 18 Oct. 1985 .. 92 Studies on Capnia vidua Klapalek (Capniidae, Plecoptera) populations in Iceland ALBERT LILLEHAMMER, MAGNUS JOHANNSSON AND GISLI MAR GISLASON Lillehammer, A., Johannsson, M. & Gislason, G.M. 1986. Studies on Capnia vidua Klapalek (Capniidae, Plecoptera) populations in Iceland. Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33,93-97. In the absence of other stonefly species in Iceland, Capnia vidua has occupied a vide variety of habitats, which elsewhere are occupied by a number of species. In Iceland C. vidua had an unsyncronized nymphal growth and a prolonged emergence. Adults were present from Mid-March to early August. The close resemblance in taxonomical characters to the Great Britain population indicates that the species is a postglacial immigrant from Great Britain. Albert Lillehammer and Magnus Johannsson, Zoological Museum, Univ. of Oslo, Sarsgt. I, N-0562 Oslo 5, Norway. Grisli Mar Gislason, Institute of Biology, Univ. of Iceland, Grensasvegur 12, IS-I 08 Reykja vik, Iceland. INTRODUCTION lands, and in the warmest month, July, the mean monthly temperature exceeds 10°C, and Capnia vidua Klap~ilek is the only stonefly re corded from Iceland. It was first described as in the South and the South-West it exceeds 11°C (Erythorsson and Sigtryggsson 1971). Capnia atra brachyptera by Tuxen (I938). Hynes (I 955a) examined nymphs from the Ri C. vidua nymphs were found in several types ver Laxci, the outlet of Lake Myvatn, and conc of habitats; e.g. run-off rivers and streams, luded that they belonged to the species C. vidua. springfed rivers and streams, lake-outlets, a He also examined the collection of Icelandic sto small ditch and lakes. These habitats show great neflies from the Zoological Museum in Copen differences in reference to water temperature hagen and compared it with the geographical and chemical composition. races described by Aubert (I 950), and named Run-off rivers dominate the basaltic rock for the Icelandic specimens C. v. brachyptera mation in West and East Iceland due to low per Tuxen. meability of the base rock. In general their dis Later, C. vidua was recorded from Scandina charge is greatest in spring and in autumn with via by Meinander (I965) and by Lillehammer a marked minimum in summer and winter. (I972), who also examined the subspecies bra Their flows are very variable and they can flood chyptera and angalica and concluded that the in early winter and spring. The water tempera variation in the characters of the Fennoscandian ture is greatly affected by the air temperature. material was so large that it overlapped many of Anchor ice forms on their beds soon after the air the subspecies described by Aubert (I 950). temperature falls below freezing, greatly redu cing the flow. Drifting snow can also affect the flow. The pH of run-off rivers is usually bet ween 6 and 7 and specific conductance HABITAT DESCRIPTIONS 40-60pS/cm at 25°C. Iceland (63°24'-66°32'N and Spring-fed rivers are found in the palagonite 13°29' -,24°32'W) is just south of the arctic (moberg) region, which stretches from the So circle and has an oceanic climate. Most of Ice uth-West to the North-East across the country. land is a plateau with a narrow zone of lowlands The palagonite is very permeable, and precipita (average 1-2 km) along the coast with the ex tion which seeps into it may emerge in springs ception of the South and South-West (where far away from the place where it fell. These ri lowland extends 20- 50 km from the coast) and vers are very stable, the discharge is even and valleys in the North and East. These lowland the temperature normally 3- 5°C all the year areaS' have higher temperatures than the high- round near the source. A few of the rivers are Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33:93-97. Oslo 1986. 93 partly fed by hot water, which brings their tem tween 4.5 and 8.6 mm and adult males between perature up, and they are not colder than 4.8 and 7.4 mm. The front wings of females 7- 8°e in winter and are about 20 0 e in sum were between 2.4 and 4.2 mm, and male front mer. Spring-fed streams never freeze near the wings were between 0.6 and 1.0 mm. The smal source. Their pH is between 7.5 - 9 and specific lest female had the shortest wings. conductance 80-100pS/cm at 25°C. Lake out The body length of adult females and males of lets are similar to spring-fed streams, but have C. vidua from Iceland is similar to the Norwe greater fluctuations in temperature and are ri gian specimens (Lillehammer 1972), but the cher of particulate organic matter. The beds of wings are significantly shorter (Norway: -female streams and rivers varies from sand and gravel wings 4.17 -6.00 mm, male wings 0.96-1.04). to firmly embedded stony substratum, someti However, none of the Icelandic females had mi mes covered with moss. cropterous wings as found in specimens from Lakes are of various depths, most of them are Great Britain (Aubert 1950). The form of the shallow ( <5 m), but some are over 100 m deep. sUbgenital plate was similar to that of specimens The shores are usually stony, but vegetated sho from Great Britain and continental Europe (Au res are present at some places. The chemical bert 1950) and variations were small. This is in composition of the lake water depends on the contrast to the large variations seen in Norwe origin of the water, pH is usually above 7, and gian material (Lillehammer 1972, 1974), which often up to pH 9. also included the Iceland/Great Britain types. The vegetation at the localities where C. vidua The incurvation of the seventh terga of males is occurred was sparce, but grass, sedges and occa deeper in the specimens from Iceland and Great tionally Salix bushes predominated. In some Britain than in the Fennoscandian material (Lil places, espeCially around the run-off rivers, the lehammer 1972). banks were -without any vegetation. The male epiproct is of the same type as pre viously described by Lillehammer (}972) for the MATERIAL AND METHODS different subspecies of C. vidua. Nymphs of C. vidua are similar to those oc The material was collected by several persons in curring in Great Britain and described by Hynes 39 localities (Table 1). Adults were collected by (}955b). They can be separated from the two sweep-netting in the vegetation and collected common northern European Capnia species, C. under stones at banks of streams. 21 adults were atra Morton and C. pygmaea Zetterstedt on the available for measurements. 198 nymphs were short bristles on the cercies, which also is a cha collected from benfhos by different methods. racter of C. bifrons (Newman). However, the The body length of the majority of nymphs was bristles on all three femura of C. vidua are shor measured under a binocular microscope with an ter than on C. bifrons as shown by Hynes eye piece graticule to the nearest 0.1 mm. Howe (}977). ver, about 60 nymphs were wo twisted and in The morphological characters of the nymphs such bad condition, that only the head width co were also much like the British nymphs descri uld be measured. Therefore the body length and bed by Hynes (}955b). head width of 6 nymphs from Daelisa (coIl. 20. May 1982) and 15 nymphs from Geithellnar, Alftafjordur, were measured in order to find the Biology relationship between the body length and the Nymphs have been recorded in all months ex head width (Fig. 1). The correlation was found cept November to January (Table 1, Tuxen to be highly significant. Head width was then 1938), when sampling was less intensive. In used to find the length of the nymphs in cases July, 2 nymphs have been recorded, one 0.9 mm were they were badly conserved or in bad con long and the other 5.9 mm. In August, nymphs dition. These head capsules measured were wit were 1.0-1.6 mm long (Table 1, Tuxen 1938). hin the variation width of the material used in Mature nymphs were found in March, females the regression analyses. measured 5.3-8.8 mm and males 5.5-7.7 mm. In May mature female nymphs had a body RESULTS AND DISCUSSION length of 5.0-7.7 mm while male nymphs were 4.0-5.7 mm. They occurred together Morphology with immature nymphs of both sexes with a The measurements of 9 d d and 12 Q Q sho body length between 3.3 and 4.8 mm (Table O. wed that the adult females had a body length be The large differences in development seen in 94 I Table 1. Records of adults and nymphs (N) of Capnia vidua in Iceland not previously published. E.=. = E. Úlafsson, G.M.G. = G.M. Gíslason, H.B. = H. Bjornsson, H.K. = H. Kjartansson, H.S. = H. Sigurjónsdóttir, J.K. = J. Kristjánsson, K.A. = K. Adalsteinsdóttir, M.J. = M. JÓhannson. V.J. = V. JÓhannson. Ac,dy lengt.h m.m. rc,11ected at: CoI. by: Habi tat: ... 299 5.3 5.3 2.5.74.Sugda,Reykj~vik,6~ OG'N,2(47'W (G.H.G. ) Stream bank. lN, 4.4.71.Ellidvatn,ReykJavik,h4·04'N,21·47'W (E .0.) Rank (lf adam. 2M 6.6 6.6 ?,4.S4.0rafal~kur,KJos,6~07'N,21'48'W (G.H.O. I Bank of small stream. 2N 7.3 7,3 2.4.04. Gra fa l;l'kur , Kjo s. 64' 07' N, L'I' 48' W (O.H.O. ) Bank of small stream. lN 8.3 23. J. 74 ,UI f arsà, Kj os, 64' 08' N, 2'" 46' W (G .H.O.) Lake outlet stony river. 39 6.2 - 6.7 8.5.74.Hafravatn,Kjos.64·0~ N,21'40'W (E .0.) 18NI4'1 5.3-8.3 23.3.74.Hafravatn,KJos.54°0~N.21·40'W (J.K. ) Stream. llNld'1 5.5-7.7 23.3.74.Hafravaln.Kjos.64°08'N,21"40'W (J.K. ) St l-cam. ld' 10.3. n .Heyk1 r, Kjos, 54" lO' N, ;"1' 36' W (LO. ) 4M.2~9 4,8-5.5 + 6,2-6.5 14.4.73.Reykir,KJos,64°10'N.21'3S'W Ul.~, ) 1ef. 1'l 7.6.80. Bugda, Kj os, 64'1 g' N, 2 'I' 38' W (H.J. ) Salmon parr stomach lN 5.9 G.7.80.Bugda,KJos,fl4"lS'N,21"38'W (H ..l. ) Salmon parr st.omach 29'l·2U 8.4 8.6 - 6,7 7.4 16.4.85.Bugda.Kjos,64" 19' N,2'1'38'W (G .H.G, ) La"-e out I et, Wl th g,'ave 1. 2N 5.0 5.8 'l&.4.05.Sandà,KJo~,S4°18'N.21°35'W IG.H.O. ) Run off river,sand gravpl. 56N ,1.4 -7,2 20.5.B?0~li~I.Kjos,54°19'N.21"21'W (V. J.) Salmon parr stomach ~ 3~y 9 . 7 . 83 . n.... l 1 sã , Kj O" , (; 4' 1 ,N, ? l' 21 ' W (H.J. ) Streoam gravei lN 5.0 25.5.83. Laxà. Sti lf1i sada 1ur , Kj os, 54'15' N, 2 I' 21' W (V.J. ) Near a lake outlet. 2N 17 .10.79. Reykj adil'l sã, Reykj ho l t, Kj os. 64' '13' N, 21'17' W (G.H.O. ) Large riveor,sand,gravel. lN 2.1 4.9.74.Frodarheid.Kjos.64°50'N,23"J5'W (E.O. ) lN 1.7.79.0alsã,N.Isl.66"OS'N,22"34'W (H. K.) Stream. lN 18.9.79.0alsà,N.!sl.66·05'N.22·J4'W (H.K. ) Stream. (H. B.) 1~ 5.6.S2.Bil'r,Strand,6S·17'N,?'"'2'W lN 14.4. 7A.Vidllmyrá,Skag.65°32' N, '19'31' W (G .H.G. ) Stream,graveol. lN 1.4 31.8.81.Hri'lppstadàa,EYJafj.f,So44' N, 10° 12'W (K .A.) Stream,gravel. 2N 1, 1 2,1 15.9.81.EyjafJarrlara,EyjafJ.S5·3B'N.18·nJ'~ (K. A.) Stream,gravel. lN l,fl 10.8.81.Brunna,EyjafJ.65·38'N,lS"OS'W (K. A. ) ~:trE'am, gri'lvf'l. 16N '1,6 - 2,7 9.9.S1.Lon,Eyjafj.65·4I' N.18"OS'W (K. A. ) Stream.gravel. lN [1,9 7.7. fl4. Ski'lrrlf'ã, S.Hll1 ,65'21' N, 1S'S7' W (G.H.r;. ) 400m a.s.l. lV 6.7.83.Skogdalur,S.Hul,6S·00'N,14°22'W (H. B.) Near a stream. 4.8.79.Sn~efel15nps,S.Hul,G5·OS·N,lS·2G'W ~í~ (F. O.) 5tream bank.600m a.s.l. 2N 5.7 7.7 23.5,74.Sudurdalur,S.Hul,G4·5A' N,14'38'W (O .H.G.) Smal stony springfed stream.200m a.s.l. ?9 24.6.80.Bruardalul-,S.HlIl,S4°5?'N,lS·Sl'W .. " o • IE.O. I Springfed stream. 19 17N 5.5 + 3.3 - 6.9 23.5.74.0elthellnar,Alftarfj~rJlIr,$.Hul,R4 35 N14 35 W (G.H.G. ) Spring with sandy bottom and smal pebbles. 2J.5.74.0eithelnar,Alftarfj~rdur,S.Hul,64·JS'N14·3S'W (O.H.G. ) Spring with s~ndy hott.om and ~mal ppbbles. 14N 3.4 - 7,3 23.5. 74.Gel thellnal', AI ftad jlZll'dul-, S .Hul, 54' 35' N14' J5'W (G.H.G. ) Stony sprlng fed streoam with Font nalis. 2N 5,2 '5,5 19.5.74.Geithellnar,AlftarfJ~l'dur,5.Hul,64·3S'N14·35·W lO .H.G.) Stony spring fed streoam with Font nalis. ~rdur lN 4.3 17.5. 74. Oe 1 the 1na I' ,AI fla rf J , S. Hu 1,64' 35' N14° 35' W (O.H.O. ) Stony spring fed stream with Font nalis. lN 4.8 23.5.74. Ge i the 11 na r, AI f tarf J~rdu r, S. Hu 1,64' 35' N14' 35' W (O .H.O.) Stony rlvel'. 4.5 23.5.74.Lonsfjordur,A.Skaft.64·26'N,14·39'W ((i.H.G. ) 5mall stony strcam. 19 ~tream. 2(/ 17.6.77 . Ste 1 nada 1ur ,A. Skaft, 64" IO' N, 16' DO' W (LO. ) Small stony ld' 12.6.77.Nupstadask09ar,V.Skaft,64·0~N,16·?7'W (LO. ) Small stony stream. lN 6.7 24.5.74.Seljaland,Rang.64·36'N,20·00'W (O.H.G. ) Stony spring fed stream. 111 14.5.74.Thveva.Rang.6J·45' N,20'12'W (O .H.G. ) River.9rav@1. IJ 29'1 5.5.83.Hella,Rang.63°50'N,20·25'W (E. O.) Rivel-.graveol. IM.J. ) Run of river 2~9 24.7.85.St.ora-Laxa. Arn,54°1S'N.19°54'W 37N 31.10.78.Thingvallavatn,Arn,64· 10'N,21"04'W (G.H.G. ) Large lake.gravel. 4N S.7G,~17,7 23.3.74.Varma,Arn.64°00'N,21· 12'W (O.H.G.l Run of river with warm water. lO (H.J. ) At a run of stream. VI 1? '10.7.83 .Varma, Arn,64" 00' N. 21"12' W - E E z:... :!! ~ " III z:.• I 12345678 body length mm Fig. I. The relationship between body length and Fig. 3. The European distribution of Capnia vidua, head width of nymphs of Capnia vidua in Iceland, excluded the populations in the Pyrénées. N=21. Y=0.121+7.251 (±0.615)·X. r=0.985. p <0.001. the material of nymphs from some localities in 1965, 1980). The Icelandic material gives no in dicate an unsyncronized growth, which may be formation that indicates semivoltine life cycles, favourable in Iceland, where C. vidua is the sole and they seem to be univoltine as in Fennoscan stonef1y species. There is no competition from dia. related species and the species can utilize the re sources available throughout the season. This can also give a prolonged emergence compared Distribution to Fennoscandia and Great Britain. The nymphs of C. vidua were mostly found in ln Iceland, adults were present from mid run-off and spring-fed streams and rivers (Table March to early August, while in Great Britain I), but were never common. It was only found they were only recorded in March and April in a few of the streams in the North and East, (Hynes 1977) and in northern Fennoscandia in but found in relativily more streams in the 80 June and July (Lillehammer 1972, Meinander uth and 80uth-West (Fig. 2). ln a survey on the Fig. 2. The distribution of Capnia vidua in Iceland based on records shown in Table 1 and on Lin droth (1931 ), Tuxen (I938), Gudmundsson & Gigja (I 940, Hynes (I 955a), Lindroth et aI. (I 973), Sigurjónsdóttir (I974), Tómasson (1975), Lindegaard (I979), Gisla son (I 980), Jónsson (I 980) and Antonsen (1983). The broken tine indicate the 10°C Isot herm line for Jyly. Areas enclosed within these lines have a mean July temperature above 10°C. 96 distribution of Tirchoptera in Iceland (Gislason REFERENCES I981), C. vidua was only found at I5 running Antonsson, Th. 1983. Vóxtur, faeda og faedufram waters of 153 sampled all over Iceland and in a bod Laxa- og urridaseida i Leirvogsá 1981. Un survey ofrivers in the North-East in 1984, C. vi publ. thesis. University of Iceland (ln Icelandic), dua was only found in I out of 15 rivers and Aubert, J. 1950. Note sur les Plécoptéres européens streams searched. It was only found among gra du geme Taeniopteryx Pictet (Nephe/opteryx Kla vei and sand. ln lake Thingvallavatn, the palek) et sur Capnia vidua Klapalek. Mitt. nymphs were found burried 25 cm down into Sehweiz. ent. Ges. 23, 303-316. the graveI. ln rivers influences by hot water, Brinck, P. 1952. Báckslándor, Plecoptera. Svensk In sektfauna 15, 1-126. they have only been found above the inlets of Eythórsson, J. & Sigtryggsson, H. 1971. The climate hot streams (Gislason 1980). C. vidua was found and weather of Iceland. ZO%~~ Ice/and 1(3), 1-62. at different altitudes, from sea levei to about 600 Gislason, G.M. 1980. The effect of pollution on the m a.s.I. fauna of two thermal rivers in Iceland. Náttú ln Fennoscandia and Great Britain C. vidua rurfr. 50, 35-45 (ln Icelandic with and English was only found in small streams (Meinander summary). 1965, Lillehammer 1972, 1974, Hynes 1977). ln Gislason, G.M. 1981. Distribution and habitat prefe Iceland, the absence of other stonefly species rences of Icelandic Trichoptera. Proe. 3rd int. may permit C. vidua to occupy severaI types of Symp. Trich. Ser. Entomo/. 20, 99-109. Gudmundsson, F. & Gigja, G. 1941. Vatnakerfi Olfu habitats, from small streams and ditches to large sár-Hvitár. Ri! Fiskideikdar 1. 1-78 (ln Icelandic rivers and lakes. with a German summary). C. vidua was found in all parts of Iceland (Fig. Hynes, H.B.N. 1955a. A note on the stoneflies of Ice 2), but mainly in areas with mean July tempera land. Proe. R. ent. Soe. Lond. (A) 30, 164-166. ture over 10°C (Eythorsson and Sigtryggsson Hynes, H.B.N. 1955b. The nymphs of the British 1971). ln northern Fennoscandia, C. vidua has speci~s of Capnia (Plecoptera). Proe. R. ent. Soe. also been recorded in areas where the mean July Lond. (A) 30, 91-96. temperature is higher than 10°C, even though Hynes, H.B.N. 1977. A key to the adults and nymphs all the records are north of the arctic circle. of British stoneflies (Plecoptera) with notes on their ecology and distribution. Sei. Pub/s. Fresh Since nearly all weather stations in Iceland are wat. bio/. Ass. No. 17. distributed aiong the coast line, it is difficult to Jónsson, Th.D. 1980. Variationer i aarsklassens estimate the local temperatures in sheltered styrke hos róyr Sa/velinus a/pinus (L,) in Holma areas, where C. vidua has been recorded outside vatn i Island. Unpubls. thesis, University of Oslo the 10°C isothermal line for July. The distribu (ln Norwegian). tion in relation to climate seems similar in Ice Lindegaard, C. 1979. A survey of the macroinverte land and Fennoscandia. brate fauna, with special reference to Chironomi The distribution of C. vidua in northern Eu dae (Diptera) in the rivers Laxá and Kráká, nort rope (Fig. 3) indicates a relict distribution. hem Iceland. Oikos 32, 281-288. Lillehammer, A. 1972. Notes on the stonefly Capnia Brinck (1952) suggests that the species was in re· vidua Klapalék from Fennoscandia. Norsk ent. fugia during lhe last glaciation. The clear re· Tidsskr. 19, 153-156. semblance in morphological characters of Ice Lillehammer, A. 1974. Norwegian stoneflies II. Dis landic and British specimens indicates that the tribution and relationship to the environment. Icelandic populations were postglacial immig Norsk ent. Tidsskr. 21, 195 - 250. rants from the south. The Fennoscandian popu Lindroth, C.H. 1931. Die Insektenfauna Islands und lations must have immigrated from the north ihre Problemen. ZO%~~ Bidrag, Uppsa/a 13, east and upheld a large variation in taxonomical 105-599. characters (Lillehammer 1972). The distribution Lindroth, C.H., Bódvarsson, H. & Richter, S.H. 1973. Surtsey, Iceland. The development of a new of C. vidua in Europe indicates that the different fauna, 1963 -1970. Terrestrial inveribrates. Ent. populations, included the Pyrénéan have been seand. Supp/. 5. 1- 280. separated at least since the last glaciation period Meinander, M. 1965. List ofthe Plecoptera of eastem except the Icelandic and British populations. Fennoscandia. Faunafenn. 19,3-38. Meinander, M. 1980. Suomen koskikorermot - Fin lands báckslandor (Plecoptera). Notu/ae Entomo /ogicae 60, 7-IO(ln Finnish). ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Sigurjónsdóttir, H. 1974. Hvenaer fara skordyrin á We should like to thank Messrs Erling Olafsson, kreik á vorin? Náttúrufr. 44,80-94 (ln Incelan Natural History Museum, Reykjavik, Vigfús Jó dic), hannsson, Newcastle University and Hálfdán Tómasson, T. 1975. Undersóking av junvenila lax Bjõrnsson, Kviskerjum, Ôraefum, Iceland for al och óoring-populationer i Ulfarsá, en Iiten islansk alv. Unpubl. thesis, University of Umeaa (ln Swe lowing us to use their unpublished records of C. dish). vidua. AIso, we are indeb'ted to Messrs Helgi Tuxen, S.L. 1938. Plecoptera and Ephemeroptera. Kjartansson, Jón Kristjánsson, and Mrs Kristin ZO%~~ Ice/and III (39), 1-4. Adalsteinsdóttir for sending us material for ins pection. • Spiders (Araneae) in Malaise traps from two islands in the Oslofjord, Norway ERLING HAUGE AND FRED MIDTGAARD E. Hauge & F. Midtgaard 1986. Spiders (Araneae) in Malaise traps from two islands in the Oslofjord, Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33,98-102. A list containing 50 spider species is presented. Three species, Dipoena melanogaster (C.L. Koch), Clubiona brevipes Blackwall, Chiracanthium onchognathum Thorell, are reported for the first time in Norway. Erling Hauge, Zoological Museum, Museplass 3, N-5000 Bergen, Norway. Fred Midtgaard, Norwegian Forest Research Institute. P.O.Box 61, N-1432 Ás-NLH, Nor way. INTRODUCTION There have been several botanicaI investiga A sampling programme for insects with Malaise tions of Ost0ya, the most recent being that of traps (spring-autumn 1984) at the islands Os Bronger (I 984). Latin names of plants follows t0ya and Hâ0ya in the Oslofjord, resulted in a Lid (1974). col1ection of 50 spider species. The islands are si Loc. A. The trap was placed at the border bet tuated in an area with a rich and IUxurious vege ween a rich m e a d o w a n d a d r y s 1o p e tation. The area is of interest from a zoogeograp dom i n a t e d b y Geranium sanguineum, Se hical point of view for some other invertebrate seli libanotis, Filipendula vulgaris, Origanum groups (Midtgaard & Aarvik 1984). ln spite of a vulgare, Polygonatum odoratum and Poa comp rather unusual sampling technique for spiders, ressa. Partly much Dracocephalum ruyschiana, there are several interesting finds, representing Cotoneaster intergerrimus and Rosa spp. Next to the northernmost limit of the distribution areas the trap, eastwards, a thicket dominated Prunus for some of the species. The field work has been spinosa and Rosa spp., and also some Pinus, carried out by F. Midtgaard, E. Hauge is respon with a field layer consisting of the herbs mentio sible for the identification of the species. ned above and of Polygala vulgaris. Westwards there is a forest dominated by Tilia cordata, Fraxinus excelcior, Acer platanvides and Cory OUTLINE OF TOE LOCALITIES lus avellana. Osteya, belongs to Brerum comunity (Akers Loc. B. The trap was placed in a rich forest hus), EIS: 28. The island (236 haa) is situated in (Ulmo-Tilietum). The field layer is composed of the innermost part of the Oslofjord, 3 km SW of Actaea spicata, Corydalis intermedia, Viola mi Fornebu airport. The bedrock of the island con rabilis, 'Sanicula europaea, Carex digitata, Me sists of marine sedimentary rocks of Ordovician lica nutans, Lathyrus vernus, Campanula tra age. Most of the islands is a lowland area eroded chelium. into soft shales. ln the central and SE'em part Loc. C. The trap was placed in a narrow, he low ridges, running NE-SW, are formed in har terogenous transition zone next to a bog with a der thinbedded limestones with dark shale inter smal1 pond (Postdammen) surrounqed by smal1 beds. The highest hill on the island, in its central brushes and trees (Alnus glutinosa, Salix nigri western part, is underlain by calcarerous sands cans, S. caprea, Retula pubescens). The field la tone (Holtedal & Dons 1952). The climate is sub yer is composed of species like Scirpus sylvati humid and slightly continental (Martonne's hu cus, Comarum palustre and Calla palustris. The midity index =42 and Conrad's index =27). Re bog itself is rich and heterogenous, dominated latively cold winters with a mean January tem by Typha .latifolia, Sparganium minimum, Ca perature of -4.6°C. July is the warmest month rex rostrata, C. pseudocyperus, Lysimachia (18°C mean temperature). (Climatic data from thyrsiflora and Alisma plantago-aquatica. The the nearest meteorological station, Fomebu). pond beds are surrounded with [ris pseudaco- 98 Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33:98-102. Oslo 1986. rus, Sparganium erectum, Lythrum sa/icaria Minyriolus pusillus (Wider). Hâ0ya: Loc. B, and Rumex aquaticus. I 9 3.-16.VI. HAeya, be10ngs to Frogn (Akershus), EIS: 28. Meioneta saxatilis (B1ackwa1l). Ost0ya: Loc. C The is1and (570 haa) is situated further south in I d + I 9 30.V.-IO.VI; Hâ0ya: Loc. B I 9 the narrowest part ofthe Oslofjord, NW of Dr0 3.-16.VI. bak. ln the south the is1and is d.ominated by Au Porrhomma pygmaeum (B1ackwalO. Ost0ya: gen-gneisses with zones of leptite and amphibo Loc. A I 9 1.-24.VII. Previous1y reported lite. The gneiss and leptite rocks are granitic in from Ringsaker and Nord1and (Ho1m 1944, composition and weather slow1y. The amphibo Waaler 1972). lites are rich in dark minerals and weather more Bathyphantes parvulus (Westring). Hâ0ya: easily. ln the lover parts of the is1and there are Loc. B I 9 3.-16.VI. marine deposites (shells, etc.) with content of Bolyphantes alticeps (SundevalO. Hâ0ya: Loc. carbonates. Here is a1so found a rich thermophi B 19 27.VI.-22.VII. lous forest (Ro1f S0rensen, pers. commJ. The Lepthyphantes mengei Ku1czynski. Hâ0ya: 1ess rich areas are covered with pine forest. The Loc. A I d 18.VIII. -16.IX. climate is as described for Ost0ya. The is1and has Linyphia triangularis (C1erck). Ost0ya: Loc. been investigated botanically by St0rmer (1938). A, B, C; Hâ0ya: Loc. A. Total 6 d d + 29 9 Loc. A. The trap was p1aced next to a large from late Ju1y to about media September. oak in an open Tilia-Ulmus-Quercus forest with Neriene clathrata (SundevalO. Hâ0ya: Loc. A a rich bottom vegetation, as e.g. Anemone ra 1 d 3.-16.VI. nunculoides. The forest has remained undistur Helophora insignis (Blackwall). Ost0ya: Loc. bed for a long time, with lots of fallen branches A I 9 1.-24.VII. and dead trees. Approximate1y 30 m north of the trap there is an area with many 1arge dieing aspens (Populus tremula). Theridiidae Loc. B. The trap was p1aced next to a 1arge Dipoena melanogaster (CL. Koch). Hâ0ya: Loc. oak in an open Quercus-Ulmus-Tilia forest with A 1 d 3. -16.VI. New to Norway. Reported a bottom vegetation rich in rare orchids. north to Denmark and Sweden (Bonnet 1956) The traps on Ost0ya were operating from Ap and Po1and (Proszynski & Starega 1971), but is ri1 14 to September 23 1984, the traps on Hâ0ya not 1isted from Fin1and up to 1977 (Pa1mgren from Apri1 f9 to September 16 1984. The traps 1977). ln Eng1and is it found on1y in the sout were emptied at interva1s varying from 2 to 3 hern part, but considered extreme1y rare (Locket weeks. Samp1ing periods for each species are gi & Millidge 1950. ven with dates (arabic numbers) and months (ro Anelosimus vittatus (CL. Koch). Hâ0ya: Loc. man numbers). A I d 3.-16.VI., I d 27.VI.-22.VII. Previo usly reported from Son (Akershus) (Waa1er 1976). Obvious1y it is absent from Fin1and (see List of species Pa1mgren 1977), but is reported from Denmark Linyphiidae and Sweden (Bonnet 1959, A1mquist 1973). The records in SE Norway might represent the nort Entelecara acuminata (Wider). Ost0ya: Loc. B, hern limit of the distribution of the species. This C; Hâ0ya: Loc. A, B. Total 10 d d + II 9 9, is supported by its distribution pattern in the Bri V- VI. Previous1y reported from M0re & tish Is1es (see Locket & aI. 1974, map 257). Romsda1 and Tr0nde1ag (Hauge 1972) (ma1e~ Theridion tinctum (Walckenaer). Ost0ya: Loc. and fema1es in July / August). A, B, C 2 d d in V, 1d in VI, 89 9 VI - VIII; Dismodicus bifrons (B1ackwalO. Hâ0ya: Loc. Hâ0ya: Loc. A, B 2 d d 19.V.-3.VI., 299 in A 1d I9.V. - 3. VI. VI. Also this species is probab1y near its nort Dicymbium nigrum (B1ackwalO. Ost0ya: Loc. hern limits in this area. It has previous1y been CId 12. - 30.V., I 9 IO.VI. -l.VII. reported from 0stfo1d and Akershus (Waa1er Diplocephalus latifrons (O.P.-Cambridge). Hâ 1967). It is absent from Scotland (Wieh1e 1937, 0ya: Loc. A 299 27.VI.-22.VII. Locket et aI. 1974). ln Fin1and distributed in the Pocadicnemis pumila (B1ackwalO. Ost0ya: southernmost part of the country (Pa1mgren Loc. B I d 30.V.-IO.VI. 1977, Lehtinen et aI. 1979), and in Sweden Gongy/idium rufipes (SundevalO. Ost0ya: Loc. known from Skâne (A1mquist 1973). C 3 d d + 299 12.-30.V.; Hâ0ya: Loc. A T. varians Hahn. Ost0ya: Loc. C I d in July; I d 19.V.-3.VI., I Q 16.-27.VI. Hâ0ya: Loc. B 2 d d June-medio Ju1y. ln 99 Norway it is found occasionally north to Finn Sparassidae mark. Micrommata virescens (Clerck). Osteya: Loc. A, T. sisyphium (Clerck). Hâeya: Loc. B 1 9 C 7 d d + I 9 12.V.- 10.VI.; Hâeya: Loc. A 3.-16.VI. Scattered records north to Trond 3 d d + I 9 12.V.-27.VI. Previously reported heim. from a few localities in Norway (Hedmark, Hal T. bimaculatum (L.). Osteya: Loc. A, B 3 d d den, Oslo, Lillesand, Stavanger) (Collett 1876, in June. The species has been reported from Son Strand 1898, Hauge & Kvamme 1983). (Akershus) (Waaler 1976), but also found in HES: Nord-Odal EIS 46, I d + I 9 in spruce Anyphaenidae forest 2.VIII. 1970 (E. Hauge leg,) T. pallens Blackwall. Hâeya: Loc. A I 9 Anyphaena accentuata (Walckenaer). Ali locali 16. - 27.VI. Previously a few scattered records ties. Total 8 d d + 2 9 9 I9.V.- 10.VI. north to Trendelag. Clubionidae Enoplognatha ovata (Clerck). Ali localities, total 72 d d + 549 9. Most numerous at Hâ Clubiona lutescens Westring. Osteya: Loc. C eya (Loc. A) (50 d d + 30 9 9) and at Osteya 2 9 9 10.VI. - I.VIII. Previously known from (Loc. C) (20 d d + 13 9 9). The majority of the Oslo and Romsdal (Strand 1904b). specimens (d + 9) are caught from late June to C. pallidula (Clerck). Ost0ya: A, B, C 7 d d late July, a few 9 9 also in August. Previously 12.V. - I.VIII, I 9 30.V. -IO.VI. The species is recorded only from Drammen (Buskerud) and known in S. Norway north to Trondheim. Oslo (Strand I904a), but has also been found at C. terrestris Westring. Hâeya: Loc. A, B AK: Hovedeya (Oslofjord) EIS 28, (J 09 9 2d d 19.V.-3.VI., I d li.VII.-16.IX, 27.VII. 1937, H. Tambs-Lyche leg., E. Hauge 99 9 19.V. -18.VIII. Previously reported deU and VAY: Kristiansand, EIS 2 (I d + I 9 from Hordaland only. 15. and 23.VII. 1972, T. Nilsen leg,) C. brevipes BlackwalI. Hãeya: Loc. A, B 4dd 19.V.-27.VI., 299 16.VI.-22.VII. The species is new to Norway and obviously cJose to the northern limit of the distribution of Araneidae the species, together with a Swedish record from Araneus sturmi (Hahn). Osteya: Loc. B I 9 Uppsala (Tullgren 1946). It has not been repor 12. - 3D.V. Known north to Snâsa (N. Tf0nde ted from Finland up to 1977 (see Palmgren lag). 1977), but has reached the northern part ofScot Nuctenea umbricata (Clerck). Hâeya. Loc. A land (Locket et aI. 1974). I d 18.VIII -16.IX. Clubiona sp. Osteya: Loc. C 19 12.-30.V. Araniella cucurbitina (Clerck). Osteya: Loc. Hyloclubiona compta (c.L. Koch). Osteya: B; Hâeya: Loc. A, B. Total 6 d d + I Q in VI Loc. B 39 9 28.IV.-l.VII.; Hâeya: Loc. B (most specimens) and in early VII. I 9 16.-27.VI. The species is known in S. Norway from Bergen along the coast to the Hvaler islands in 0stfold (Hauge & aI. in prep.). Metidae Gauroclubiona coerulescens (L. Koch). Os Meta segmentata (Clerck). Osteya: Loc. A, C teya: Loc. B, C; Hâeya: Loc. A, B. Total 6 d d + 3 9 9 12.VIII - 23.IX.; Hâeya: Loc. B 4 d d + 6 9 9 19.IV. -1O.VI. This species has, I d 3. -I6. VI. compared to C. brevipes, a more northern (and eastern) distribution, being reported in Norway from Hallingdal (Strand 1899), in Sweden north Tetragnathidae Jámtland (Tullgren 1946), in Finland up to Tetragnatha montana Simon. Osteya: I 9 3I.V. 62 - 63°N (Palmgren 1943), and east to Siberia Pachygnatha clercki Sundevall. Osteya: Loc. and Japan (Bonnet 1956). B I d 14.-28.IV. Chiracanthium onchognathum Thorell. Os teya: Loc. A, B 2 d d + 19 12.V. -IO.VI. The species is new to Norway, and seems to be cJose Gnaphosidae to its northern border of distribution. It is Callilepis nocturna (L.). Osteya: Loc. B I d known in a few southern counties in Sweden, 30. V. - 10. VI. Previously reported from Kongs north to Nárke and S0dermannland (Tullgren berg and Vestre Aker (Strand 1900, 1904b) and 1946) and in the very southern parts of Finland from Aust-Agder (Platnick 1975). (Palmgren 1943, Lehtinen & aI. 1979). 100 Thomisidae usually considered to inhabit the higher vegeta tion strata, and is as such not likely to be much Xysticus audax (Schrank). Ost0ya: Loc. A, B; representative of the total spider fauna present Hâ0ya: Loc. A, B. Total4d d 12.V.-16.VI. in the localities. However, the list gives us some Coriarachne depressa (CL. Koch). Ost0ya: small hints similar to what have been observed Loc. B I d 30.V. -IO.VI., loc. C I d earlier in this area on other invertebrate groups 14. - 28. VI. Previously reported from Asker (Midtgaard & Aarvik 1984): Namely that these (Collett 1876) and Trondheim (?) (Storm 1898). islands (and especially Ost0ya), as well as the Philodromidae whole geographical area around the Oslofjord, are of special interest zoogeographically. Many Philodromus cespitum (Walckenaer). Ost0ya: of the European species seem to be at or near Loc. A, B 3 d d 10.-24.VII., I 9 their northern or north-western range of distri 24.VII. -12.VIII.; Hâ0ya: Loc. B I d bution in this area. Future sampling pro 27 .VI. - 22.VII. The species has with certaincy grammes by means of other sampling techni been reported from Norway by Waaler (I 970} ques in these areas would be very i!1teresting, and Tveit & Hauge (I 983) (as P. aureolus caespi and might add to the list valuable data on sueh ticolus). Otherwise P. aureolus (Clerk) has been species. Another aspect is that the area around reported from several localities, as far north as the Oslofjord contains the heaviest human con from Finnmark. For some ofthese records there centration in Norway and therefore represents a probably will be difficulties in tracing the origi wear and tear on the landscape due to different naI materiale. human activities which might not be to the ben P. dispar Walckenaer. Hâ0ya: Loc. A, B efit of certain types of habitats and their fauna. 3 d d + I 9 3.VI.-22.VII., I 9 Ost0ya ànd Hâ0ya represent some of the few 22.VII. -18.VIII. The species has previously still rather undisturbed localities of their kinds in been reported from Oslo and Vestfold (Strand this area. 190 I) and from Trondheim (Storm 1898). P. emarginatus (Schrank). Ost0ya: Loc. A I d 10.VI.-1.VII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Salticidae The investigation has been financially supported by the Norwegian Department of Environment, Salticus cingulatus (Panzer). Hâ0ya: Loc. A I d the offices of environment in Oslo and Akershus 19.V.-3.VI. and in Brerum. We wish to thank Mr. Haagen Evarcha falcata (Clerck). Ost0ya: Loc. B I d Oust for placing his proberty on Ost0ya to our IO.VI. -1.VIII., I 9 12. - 30.V.; Hâ0ya: Loc. disposal, Oscarsborg festning for being most ob A, B 2 d d t9.V.-3.VI. liging to our need for transport to Hâ0ya, Rolf Euophrys er"atica (Walckenaer). Ost0ya: Loc. S0rensen and Johan Petter Nystuen for informa B 29 9 IO.VI. -l.VIII., I d 24.VII. -12.VIII. tion on the geology of Hâ0ya. Heliophanus cupreus (Walckenaer). Ost0ya: 19 31.V. Lycosidae REFERENCES Almquist, S. 1973. Spider association in coastal sand Trochosa terricola (Thorell). Ost0ya: Loc. A I d dunes. Oikos 24, 444-457. 12.VIII.-1.IX. Bonnet, P. 1956. Biblographia Araneorum II (2), 919-1925. Toulouse. Amarobiidae - 1959. Ibid II (5), 4231- 5058, Toulouse. Amaurobiusfenestralis (Stroem). Ost0ya: Loc. C Bronger, C. 1984. Ost0ya i Brerum. Vegetasjonskart legging og botanisk unders0kelse av verneverdier. I d 1.-23.IX. Part I. (duplicated report>o Collett, R. 1876. Oversigt af Norges Araneida II, Christiania Vid. Selsk. Forh. 2, 1-27. DISCUSSION Hauge, E. 1972. Spiders and Harvestmen from M0re & Romsdal and Tf0ndelag, Norway. Norsk em. The species list is, as might be expected, biased Tidsskr. 19, 117 - 121. because of the unconventional sampling met Hauge, E. & T. Kvamme 1983. Spiders from forest hode used, and is dominated by relatively many fire areas in southeast Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. species or groups of species (families) that are B. 30, 39-45. 101 Holm, Á. 1944. Revision einiger norvegischer Spin - 1899. Araneae Hallingdaliae. Arch. Math. Naturv. nenarten und Bemerkungen über deren Vorkom 21, 1-23. men in Schweden. Ent. Tidskr. 65, 122-134. - 1900. Zur Kenntnis der Arachniden Norwegens. HoltedahI, O. & Dons, l.A. 1952. Geologisk kart over Kgl. norsk Vid. Selsk. Skr. 1900, 1-46. Oslo og omegn. Det Norske Videnskaps-Aka - 190 I. Bemerkungen über Norwegische Laterigra demi, Oslo. den. Avh. der naturf Ges. zu Goelitz 23, 1-15. Lehtinen, P.T., S. Koponen & M. Saaristo 1979. Stu - 1904a. Theridiidae, Argiopidae, und Mimetidae dies on the spider fauna of the southwestern are aus der Collett'schen Spinnensamling. Kgl. norsk hipelago of Finland II. Memo Soe. Fauna Flora Vid. Selsk. Skr. 1903, 1-9. fenn. 55, 33 - 52. - I 904b. Die Dictyniden, Dysderiden, Drassiden, Lid, J. 1974. Norsk og svenskflora. Det norske samla Clubioniden und Ageleniden der Collett'schen get, Oslo 808 pp. Spinnensamling. Christiania vid. se/sk. forh. 5, Midtgaard, F. & Aarvik, L. 1984. Insektinvente 1-10. ringen pâ Ost0ya og Hâ0ya 1983. MiljfJverndepar· St0rmer, P. 1938. Vegetasjonsstudien auf der Insel tementet Rapport T-576, 1-34. Hâ0ya im Oslofjord. Det Norske Videnskaps Palmgren, P. 1943. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands II. Akademi, Oslo. 9. 155 pp. Pisauridae, Salticidae, Clubionidae, Anyphaeni· Tullgren, A. 1946. Svensk Spindelfauna 3. Fam dae, Sparassidae, Ctenidae, Drassidae. Acta Zool. 5- 7. Clubionidae, Zoridae, Gnaphosidae. Ento fenn. 36, 1-112. mologiska fOrening i Stockholm, 141 pp. - 1977. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands und Ostfenno Waaler, P.F. 1967. A collection of spiders from Son, skandiens VIII. Fauna fenn. 30, 1-50. Norway. Norsk em. Tidsskr. 2, 91-93. Platnick, N.1. 1975. A revision ofthe Holarctic spider - 1970. Spiders (Araneae) from Syd-Varanger, Genus Callilepis (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Amer. North Norway, with a note on a gynandromorph Mus. Novitatis 2573, 1-32. Cornicularia. Rhizocrinus 1, 1-9. Proszynski, l. & W. Starega 1971. Pajaki-Aranei. - 1972. Spiders from Ringsaker, Norway. Norsk Kat. Fanny polski 32. 1-382. em. Tidsskr. 19, 49 - 57. Storm, V. 1898. lagttagelser over Arachnider i Wiehle, H. 1960. Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea (A Trondhjems omegn. N. norsk vid. selsk. skr. 7, raneae), XI: Micryphantidae - Zwerg-spinnen. 1-10. Tierw. Dtl. 47, 620 pp. Strand, E. 1898. Einige Fundorte für Araneiden in südlichen Norwegen. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien Received 29 May 1985. 48,401-404. 102 Judged from the two records the flight period in Norway probably is the last weeks of May, the frrst ( Short communications ) week of June. Further south in Europa B. marci ap pears in April (Pecina 1965, Verbeke 1971). B. marci flies in May in England (Ismay 1978). B. marci is included in the list of Finnish Diptera BIBIOMARCI(L. 1758) (DIPT., BIBIONIDAE)NEW (Hackman 1980) and it is reported from south and TO THE NORWEGIAN FAUNA. middIe Sweden by Wahlgren (I919). The species is also reported from England (Ismay 1978). Duda LITA GREVE (I 930) gives the distribution mainly as Europe while Pecina (I 965) reports it as a very common species in Abstrad middle Europe. Peina (I 97 I) records B. marci from Bibio marci (L. 1758) is reported for the frrst time Spain. B. marei is also reported from parts of Asia by from Norway. Two specimens were caught at Fyn, Krivocheina (I 969). Hvasser, Tj0me on 24 May 1976; four specimens were caught at Mostranda, Tj0me between 26 May-6 rune 1985. Both localities are in Vestfold ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS province EIS 19. I would like to express my gratitude to Ame Fjell berg, Troms0 and Arild Fjeldsâ, Bergen who collec Lita Greve, Zoological Museum, University of Ber ted the material. gen, Muséplass 3, N-5000 Bergen, Norway. ln 1877 Siebke reported thirteen species of the genus Bibio (using the name Hirtea) from Norway. How REFERENCES ever, while working on a material of Bibionidae from Duda, O. 1930. Bibionidae. - ln: Lindner, E. (ed.), Kongsvoll in the Dovreljell mountains (Greve, Solem Die Fliegen der Palaearktisehen Region. 2 (I), & Olsen 1984), we became aware of the fact that 1-75. since the time of Siebke few researchers have dealt Greve, L., Solem, J. O. & A. Olsen 1984. Distribution with the Norwegian Bibionidae. The distribution of and flight periods of Bibionidae (Dipt.) in the Dov the family is not well known in Norway, and older refjell mountains near Kongsvoll; Central Nor material needs revision. way. Fauna norv. Ser. B. 31, 88-91. On male and one female of Bibio marci (L. 1758) Hackman, W. 1980. A checklist of the Finnish Dip were captured at Fyn, Hvasser, Tj0me (EIS 19) in tera. I. Nematocera and Brachycera (s.str.). Notul. Vestfold province by Arne Fjellberg on 24. May Ent.60, 17-48. 1976. The material was determined by the author. ln Ismay, J. 1978. 4. Major habitats. Lowland grass 1985 three males and one female from Mostranda. land. ln: Stubbs, A. & ChandIer P. A. Dipterist's Tj0me (EIS 19) were colleeted in a yellow water trap handbook. Amat. Ent. 15,103-107. between 24 May and 6 June. Nothing is known Krivocheina, N. P. 1969. Bibionidae. ln: Bej-Bienko, about the locality at Fyn, but the yellow water trap at G. J. Opred. nas. evrope. tehasti SSSR. Akad. Mostranda was standing on a lawn near oak trees in Nauk SSSR, Leningrad 5, 433 -442. a private garden~ Ali specimens are deposited in the Pecina, P. 1965. Bohemian March·flies (Diptera, Bi collections of Zoological Museum, University of Ber bionidae) in the National Museum, Prague. Sb. gen. faun. Praci ent. Odd. nár. Mus. Praze 11, B. marci ranges among the largest species of Nor 285-297. wegian March-flies. It is about the same size as B. po Pecina, P. 1971. Some Bibionidae from Southem monae (Fabr.) viz. a bodylength of approximately Spain (Insecta, Diptera). Steenstrupia 1, 9- 10 mm. The forepart of the wings are characteris 107-114. tically darkened in both sexes. The rest of the male Siebke, H. 1877. Enumeratio Inseetorum Norvegieo wing is fairly clear, the rest of the female wing is rum Fascieulum IV. Catalogum Dipterorum Con smoky, and rather darlc, body and legs including the tinentem, A. W. Bf0gger, Christiania. 255 pp. hairs on the thorax and the abdomen are black. Verbeke, J. 1971. Bibionidae de la faune Belge. I. Le Duda (I 930) considered B. marci as a sub-species genre Bibio Beoffroy. Buli. Inst. r. Sei. nar. Belg. of B. hortulanus (L. 1758), but recent authors tike Pe 47, 1-22. cina (1965) and Verbeke (I 971) consider both B. hor Wahlgren, E. 1919. Diptera. F0rsta underordningen. tulanus and B. marei as good species. B. hortulanus Myggor. Nemocera. Fam. Bibionidae. Svensk in L. 1758) is included in the tist of Siebke (I 877) from sekttfauna, 131-140. one locality in Norway, viz. the Botanical garden at T0yen, Oslo. ln the collections of Zoological Mu seum, University of Oslo there is one specimen label led «T0yem> which belongs to the troe B. hortulanus. Thus the reecords of B. marei mentioned above are the first and second Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. B. 33. Oslo 1986. 103 - • ZABRACHIA MINUTISSIMA (ZETTERSTEDT, Krivosheina, N.P. & Rozkosny, R. 1985. Additional 1838) (DIPT., STRATIOMYIDAE) NEW TO notes on Palaearctic Pachygasterinae (Diptera, NORWAY Stratiomyidae). Acta em. Bohemoslov. 82, LITA GREVE 143-149. Pettersen, H. 1976. Parasites (Hym., Chalcidoidea) Abstract associated with bark beetles in Norway. Norsk Zabrachia minutissima (Zetterstedt, 1838) is reported ent. Tidsskr. 23, 75-77. new to Norway. One remale was hatched from bark Rozkosny, R. 1983. A Biosystematic Study o/the Eu on logs of Picea abies L., collected in Buskerud pro ropean Stratiomyidae. (Diptera) II. Dr. W. Junk vince, H0nefoss county, near H0nefoss, EIS 36, 22 Publ. The Hague - Boston - London, 431 pp. March 1973. Received 8 Sept. 1985 Rozkosny (I 983) in his survey of the European Pa chygasterinae records six species in six different ge nera from Europe. Krivosheina & Rozkosny (I 985), SPIDERS (ARANEAE) FROM VESTFOLD, however, resurrects Zabrachia tenella (Jaennicke) SOUTH-EAST NORWAY from synonymy under Z. minutissima (Zett.). Thus ERLING HAUGE the genus Zabrachia has two species in Europe, and Abstract a third species is known from the Canary Islands. Krivosheina & Rozkosny (I985) give a key to the Hauge, E. 1986. Spiders (Araneae) from Vestfold, three species. South-East Norway. Fauna norv. Ser. D, 33, x-x. Zabrachia minutissima (Zett.) A tist of 16 spiders whose distribution in Norway is Locality: B0 (Province of Buskerud), H0nefoss relatively little known is presented with short sum county, near H0nefoss EIS 36. Hatched from bark on maries on their distribution. Qne s{>ecies, Philodro logs ofspruce (Picea abies L.) 22 March 1973, leg. H. mus poecilus Thorell, is recorded for the first time in Pettersen. Pettersen's investigations (I 976) were Norway. made to collect parasites (Hym. Chalcidoidea)on bark beetles. Erling Hauge, Zoological Museum, University of Z. minutissima and Z. tenella are according to Kri Bergen, Muséplass 3, N-5000 Bergen, Norway. vosheina & Rozkosny (I 985) found to be sympatric in greater parts of Europe and Asia. ln Scandinavia Two collections from Vestfold, now deposited at the they record both species from Sweden, and Z. minu Zoological museum, University ofBergen, have been tissima also from Finland. studied. The first collection comprises specimens col The female Z. minutissima from H0nefoss repre lected in 1968 by Arne Fjellberg, mainly labelled sents the first record from Norway. The number of Tj0me, but also some from Sem. The second collec Pachygasterinae known from Norway is thus three, tion comprises specimens caught during the sum see Fjeldsâ & Greve (I 984). Qne could also expect to mers 1983-85 by Arild Fjeldsã, mostly in the find Z. tenella in Norway. southern parts of Tj0me. Rozkosny (1983) reports larvae of Zabrachia mi Among the species identified one is previously not nutissima/tenella from several species of trees both found in Norway, and for several there are only one coniferous and decidious. This record verify associa or a few Norwegian records. The fact that the samp tion of Zabrachia minutissima (Zett,) with Picea ting sites are situated in the south-eastern part of abies L. Norway, an area which seems to represent the nort hern or north-western limits of distribution of many Europaean spiders, makes material from this area Acknowledgements particularly interesting. I am indepted to the collectors for their permission I would like to express my thanks to H. Pettersen, Ás to pubtish on the materiale. Arild Fjeldsâ's field work who collected the female Z. minutissima and Fred was partly financed by The applied ecology research Midtgaard, Ás who sent me the f1y for identification. programme (0koforsk), University of Trondheim, I am also greatful to Prof. Dr. R. Rozkosny who veri The Museum. fied my determination and made me aware of the re vision of the genus Zabrachia. Spec1es Iist Walckenaera unicornis (Q.P.-Cambridge). Mo Litterature stranda, May 26-June 6 1985, I d (A. Fjeldsâ coll.). Fjeldsã, Arild & Greve, L. 1984. Neopachygaster me The species is previously recorded only once in Nor romaelaena (Dufour, 1841) and Praomyia leachii way (Hauge 1971), but it certainly has a wider range (Curtis, 1824) (Dipt., Stratiomyidae) new to Nor as it is distributed north to Lappland in both Sw~en way. Fauna norv. Ser. B. 31, 110. and Finland. 104 Fauna norv. Ser. B, 33. Oslo 1986. Micrargus subaequalis (Westring). Sem, August 7 References 1968, 1 Q in humid deciduous forest (A. FjeUberg CoUett, R. 1875. Oversigt ar Norges Araneider I. colL). Previously there is one record from 0stfold Forh. vid. selsk. Christ. 1875, 225-259. (Waaler 1971). ln Sweden there are very few records - 1876. Oversigt af Norges Araneida II. Christ. vid. from Uppland and 01and (TuUgren 1955) and in Fin selsk. forh. 2, 1-27. land it seems restricted to the most southern counties Hauge, E. 1971. Notes on Norwegian spiders (Ara (Palmgren 1976): neae), I. Norsk ent. Tidsskr. 18, 137-138. Lepthyphantes nebulosus (Sundevall). Tjeme, Au KIausen, F.E. 1974. Spiders new to Norway. Norsk gust 12 1968, 1Q indoors (A. FjeUberg coU.). Previo ent. Tidsskr. 21, 191 - 194. usly recorded from Trendelag (Trondheim) (Storm Palmgren, P. 1950. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands und 1898) and Hallingdal (Buskerud west) (Strand 1899). Ostfennoskandiens III. Xysticidae und Philodro L. minutus (Blackwall). Sem, August 11 1968, 1 d midae. Acta zool. fenn. 62, 1-43. in deciduous forest (A. FjeUberg colL). Previously a - 1974. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands und Ostfenno few records from Akershus (Waaler 1967), Trond skandiens V. Theridiidae und Nesticidae. Fauna heim (Storm 1898), Finnmark and Hallingdal (Strand fenn. 26, 1-54. 1899). - 1976. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands und Ostfenno Zygiella atrica (C.L. Koch). Tjeme, August 7 ska.'1diens VII. Linyphiidae 2. Fauna fenn. 29, 1968, 1Q in an humid area (A. FjeUberg coll.). 1-126. Seems to be distributed along the coast from Oslo to - 1977. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands und Ostfenno Stavanger and in inner Sogn & Fjordane (Collett skandiens VIII. Fauna fenn. 30, 1-50. 1876). There are, however, no other recent records of Storm, V. 1898. Iagttagelser over Arachnider i this species. Throndhjems omeng. K. norske vidensk. selsk. Singa hamata (Clerck). Mo, Tjeme, June 28 1985, skr. 7, 1-10. 1 d (A. Fjeldsã coll.). Previously reported from Strand, E. 1899. Araneae Hallingdaliae. Arch. math. Drammen, Asker and Oslo (CoUett 1876). naturv. 21, 1-23. Mangora acalypha (Walckenaer). Moutmarka, - 1900. Fortegnelse over en deI av Sparre-Schneider Tjeme, July 4 1983, 3 Q Q (A. Fjeldsã colL). Recor i det arktiske Norge samlede Àraneider. Troms~ ded once from Kristiansand (Collett 1876). Probably mus. aarsberetn. 23, 9-12. a southern species in Fennoscandia as it is not inclu - 1901. Bemerkungen über norwegische Laterigra ded in Palmgren's lists from Finland (Palmgren den nebst Beschreibungen drei neuer oder wenig 1977). bekannter Arten. Abh. natur! Ges. Goerlitz 23, Theridion impressum L. Koch. Mo, Tjeme, June 1-15. 28 1968 (A. Fjellberg coll.). Previously known from - 1902. Theridiiden aus dem westlichem Norwe 0stfold and West Buskerud. The species is recorded gen. Bergens mus. Aarb. 6, 1-23. as far north as Lappland in Finland (Palmgren 1974), Tullgren, A. 1944. Svensk spindelfauna 3. Familie thus a wider distribution in Norway should be expec 1-4. Salticidae, Thomisidae, Philodromidae och ted. Eusparrassidae. Stockholm 1944, 138 pp. Philodromus poecilus Thorell. Kj rere, June 26 - 1955. Zur Kenntnis schwedischer Erigoniden. 1968, 1 Q on conifers (A. Fjellberg colL). The species Ark. zool. 7, 295-389. is previously not recorded in Norway. Rare in Waaler, P.F. 1967. A collection ofspiders from Son, Southern Finland (Palmgren 1950), but in Sweden as Norway. Norsk ent. Tidsskr. 14, 91. far north as Járnt1and (Tullgren 1944). - 1971. Spiders new to Norway. Norsk ent. Tidsskr. P. dispar Walckenaer. Mostranda, Tjeme, late 18,17-24. May/ early June 1985, 1 d (A. Fjeldsã coll.). Previo usly recorded in a few Norwegian localities (see Ha Received 10 Nov. 1985 uge & Midtgaard in press). P. collinus c.L. Koch. Mostranda, Tjeme, July 6 1985, 1 d (A. Fjeldsã coU.). Previously recorded from Namdalen (North Trendelag) (as P. allronitens NOTES ON NEW AND RARE SPIDERS Auss'> (Strand 1901). (ARANEAE) lN NORWAY Coriarachne depressa (C.L. Koch). Kjrere, June 26 1968, 1 d (A. Fjellberg coll.). A few east-Norwegian ERLlNG HAUGE records (see Hauge & Midtgaard in press). Attulus cinereus (Westring). Sandey NNW, Au Abstract gust 9 1984, 1 d + 4 Q Q (A. Fjeldsã colL). Known A list of 18 spider species is presented with com from Farsund (Vest-Agder) (KIausen 1974). ments on their distribution in Norway. Three species, A. saltator (Simon). Sand0y, Calluna heath, Au Theridion melanorum Hahn, Xysticus kochi (Clerck) gust 10 1984, 1 Q (A. Fjeldsâ coll.). Previously one and Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata (Ohlert), are reported record fcom 0stfold (KIausen 1974). for the first time in Norway. SitticllS floricola (C.L. Koch). Mostranda, Tjeme, July 26 1984, 1 d + 1 Q (A. Fjeldsã colL). A few old Erling Hauge, Zoological Museum, University of Norwegian records only (CoUett 1875, Strand 1900). Bergen, Museplass 3, N-5000 Bergen, Norway. 105 • An unidentified eolleetion of spiders (mostly eollee P. díspar Walckenaer. AAY: Moland, Flostad ted by Hans Tambs-Lyehe in the 1930's) has been de (north of ArendaI), 20.VI.1937, 1 male (Wiborg posited at the Zoologieal Museum, Bergen. Some of eoll.). A few earlier reeords in Norway (Hauge & the species are new or relatively rare in Norway, and Midtgaard in press). are presented here as a eontribution to the general Heliophanus dubius eL. Koeh. 0: Hvaler, Kirk0Y, knowledge of the Norwegian spider fauna. 15.-16.VI.1936, 1 male (Tambs-Lyehe eoll'>' One previous reeord from Akershus (Waaler 1967), Bianor aurocinctus (Ohlert). 0: Hvaler, Kirkey, Species list 16.V.1936, 1 male (Tambs-Lyehe eolU. Previously known from around Oslo (Collett 1875) and fram Moebelia penícillata (Westring). B0: Drammen, Vassfaret (Hauge & Wiger 1980). 28.VI.1936, 1 male+ 1 femaleonthebarkofspruees Pellenes tripunctatus Walekenaer. 0: Hvaler, Kir (Tambs-Lyehe eolU. Apart from being reported onee k0Y, 17.V.1936, 1 male (Tambs-Lyehe coi\.). The from Tmndelag (Hauge & Furunes 1976), there also species has previously been reported from Hallingdal is a reeord from Western Norway: HOI: Kvam, (Strand 1899) as Yllenus v-insignatus (Clerek), with Kvamskogen, 460 m a.s.l., I 0.IV.1975, 2 females in referenee to L. Koch and Euophrys quinquepartita On liehens on a pine (Torstein Solh0Y eoll.). Distributed parenthesis), which (aeeording to Roewer 1954) is P. far north to Lappland in both Sweden and Finland tripunctatus (Walek,) (Tullgren 1955, Palmgren 1976). Sittícus terebratus (Clerek). AK: Brerum, Blom Agyneta ínnotabilis (O.P. Cambridge). AK: Oslo, menholm, 27.VIII.1935, 1 male (Tambs-Lyehe Movatn, 24.VII.1937, I female (Tambs-Lyehe eoll'>' eoll. ?). Previously a series of older reeords in S. Nor Previously there also is one reeord from Akershus way north to Trondheim (Collett 1876; Storm 1898; (Hauge 1972). Strand 1899, 1900). Therídion melanorum Hahn. The specimens (I Apostenus fuscus Westring. AK: Brerum, Kolsas, male + 3 females) were labelled Lofthus, prabably in 5.IX.1937, 1 mate 106 Ostfennoskandiens III. Xysticidae und Philodro - 1900. Zur Kenntnís der Arachniden Norwegens. midae. Acta zool. fenn. 62, 1-43. K. norske vidensk. selsk. skr. 1900, no. 2, 1-46. - 1974. Díe Spínnenfauna Fínlands und Ostfenno - 1902. Theridiiden aus dem westlichen Norwegen. skandíens V. Therídíídae und Nestícídae. Fauna Bergens Mus. Aarb. 6, 1-23. Jenn. 26, 1-54. - 1904. Díe Díctyniden, Dysderíden, Drassíden. - 1976. Díe Spínnenfauna Fínlands und Ostfenno C1ubíoníden und Age1eníden der Collett'schen skandíens. VII. Línyphíidae 2. Fauna fenn. 29, Spínnensammlung. Christiania vid. selsk. forh. 1-126. 1904, no. 5, 1-16. Roewer, C.F. 1954. Katalog der Araneae 2b., Tullgren, A. 1944. Svensk spindelfauna 3. Salticidae, 927-1751. Thomisidae, Philodromidae och Eusparrassidae. Smith, F.P. 1912. Lycosidae in Strand (I 912): Neue Stockholm 1944, 138 pp. Beitrage zur Arthropoden-Fauna Norwegens - 1955. Zur Kenntnis Schwedischer Erígoniden. nebst gelegentlichen Bemerkungen über deutsche Ark. Zool. 7, 295 - 389. Arten. XIII - XIV. Nyt mago f naturv. 50, Tveít, L. & E. Hauge 1984. The spider fauna of Kris 200-222. tiansand and Setesdalen. S. Norway. Fauna norv. Storm, V. 1898. Iagttagelser over Arachnider í Ser. B, 31, 23-45. Trondhjems omeg. N. norske vidensk. selsk. skr. Waaler, P.F. 1967. A collection of spiders from Son, 7,1-10. Norway. Norsk ent. tidsskr. 14,91. Strand, E. 1898. Einige Fundorte für Araneiden in südlichen Norwegen. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien Received 10 Febr. 1985. 48. 1899. Araneae Hallingdaliae. Arch. math. naturv. 21,1-23. 107 .. Selvf01gelig finnes det en dei smáting â sette finge ren pá: Fig. 180 og 181 er for m0rke, en dei lokali ( Bokanrneldelser ) tetsnavn er stavet feil; Leks. er Tj0nnefoss, Nissedal pá side 134 blitt til «Tj0rnefors, Vissedal». Boka er solid innbundet og velutstyrt. Oen anbefa les pá det varmeste. og ma sies a vrere uunnvrerlig for alie sommerfuglinteresserte. Vi ser fram til flere bind PALM. E. 1986. Nordeuropas pyralider. 287 pp. + 8 i samme serie. fargeplansjer. Fauna BfJger, KfJbenhavn. (Bestilles fra Leif Aarvik Apollo B0ger, Lundbyvej 36, DK-5700 Svendborg, Danmark. Pris 400 OKK + porto. Ved abonnement pa serien Danmarks Dyreliv gis en rabatt pa 15 % >. LINDRüTH, eH. 1985. The Carabidae (Coleoptera) ofFennoscandia and Denmark. Faun. ent. Scand. 15 Blant lepidopterologer har smasommerfuglene vrert Part 1. relativt lite paaktet. Dette til tross for at de er bade vakre og interessante. En arsak kan ha vrert This part is the first one oftwo volumes dealing with mangelen pa dekkende Iitteratur. Pyralidene danner, the Carabid beetles of Fennoscandia and Oenmark. siden de er st0rre enn de andre, pâ sett og vis inn The manuscript for the present volume was only gangsporten til smâsommerfuglene. Takket vrere partiy ready when the author passed away and con Palms bok blir pyralidene lettere tilgjengelige for stu tribution from a number of additional persons was dium, og kanskje den ogsâ vil bidra til â vekke inte therefore necessary to finish the manuscript for pub resse for de 0vrige smasommerfuglfamilier. Iication. Foran i boka er det generelle kapitler der bygning The work is based on the revision by Lindroth of strekk hos imago og tidligere stadier beskrives. the ground beetles of Sweden which appeared in Videre er det kapitler om arter av 0konomisk betyd Svensk Insektfauna in 1942 (2nd. rd. in 1961). The ning, utbredelsesforhold i Nord-Europa og Danmark keys and discriptions of species are also almost identi samt klassifikasjon. cal in the two works whereas a new key to genera Systematikk og nomenklatur er bragt helt up to has been made by T.L. Erwin. Many new figures date, og det har skjedd svrert mange navneendringer have been added and the many buitful drawings of siden Karsholt & Nielsens «Systematisk fortegnelse the male copulation organs of dosely related species over Oanmarks sommerfugle» kom ut for 10 ar si is of very great vaiue to ensure a correct identifica den. tion of criticai species. Besides habitus drawings I den spesielle delen behandles grundig de 219 ar there are also colour photos of about 130 species tene som er kjent fra Danmark, Norge, Sverige og which certainly also helps the beginner in his identi Finland under f01gende tre punkter: Kjennetegn, ut fications. bredelse og bionomi. Det er i tillegg kart som viser As a taxonomic work this volume is probably uni utbredelsen i de faunistiske distrikter i Nordeuropa que by its emphasis on the biology of the species. The samt prikkart over utbredelsen i Danmark. I mange habitat descriptions are very good and are often equ tiJfeller er det genitaltegninger og vingetegninger som ally detailed as, or even more detailed than, in Lin framhever viktige kjennetegn. Det er ikke bestem droth's famous work: Die fennoskandischen Carabi melsesn0kler til slekter og arter, men artsbestemmel dae. Life history and other biological characteristics sen vil normalt likevel ga greit nar en kombinerer of the species are also brief1y considered. A catalogue bruk av fargeplansjer, tekst og tekstfigurer. of the distribution of the species is given at the end of De fotografiske fargeplansjene er skarpe og av lhe volume. The area is divided in provinces accor langt h0yere kvalitet enn hos forgjengeren i serien. ding to lhe same system as in Catalogus Coleopte «Nordens Malere». roum Fennoscandiae et Daniae (I 960). With some Jeg ville Iikevel ha foretrukket at dyrene pâ tavle 5 exceptions (e.g. some Bembidion species) this catalo og 6 hadde vrert fordelt pa tre plansjer slik at de gue seems to be up-to-date, giving the present known kunne vrert forst0rret. distribution of the species. Til slutt i boka er det en fyldig Iitteraturliste og kil The work is much recommended for everybody dehenvisninger samt register. working with Coleoptera. Johan Andersen 108 GUIDE TO AUTHORS. References. In the text: Black (l979), Black & Blue (l973: 100), or «as noted by Green (l978) and Black FAUNA NORVEGICA Ser. B. publishes papers in (1979»>. Multiple references should be given in chro English, occasionally in Norwegian and German nological order, i.e. (Black & Blue 1973, Green 1976, with an extensive English abstract. Contributors 1979, Black 1978). with a native language other than the language used List of references are to be unnumbered and in inter in the paper submitted, are requested to have manu national alphabetical order (Le. A = AA, lE and scripts linguistically revised prior to submission. = Ae, 0 and = Oe). Titles of journals shoula be When preparing manuscripts for submission, au A 6 abbreviated according to the World List of Scientific thors should consult current copies of Fauna norve Periodicals. Do not refer to papers «in prep.» among gica and follow its style as closely as possible. the references. Manuscripts not conferring to the guide to authors will be returned for revision. Examples: Manuscripts should be submitted to the Editor-in Journal: Chief. Send two copies. They must be typewritten, L0ken,A. 1962. Social wasps in Norway (Hymenop double spaced throughout, on one side of the paper, tera, Vespidae). Norsk ent. Tidsskr. 12,191 - 218. and wide margins, 5-6 cm on the left. Separate Book: sheets should be used for the following: 1) Title page, Mayr, E. 1913. Animal species and evolution. Har with author's name. 2) An abstract, with the name vard University Press. Cambridge, Mass. and full postal address of the author underneath. 3) Fittkau,E.J. 1962. Die Tanypodinae (Diptera, Chiro Tables with their headings. 4) Legends to figures. nomidae). Die Tribus Anatopyniini, Macropelo Dates should be referred to as 10-20 Aug. 1970. poni und Pentaneurini. Abh. Larvalsyst. Illsekten 6, 453 pp. Underline all generic and species names. Approxi mate position of figures and tables in the text should Chapter: be indicated in the margin. All Acknowledgements Whitman, I. 1951. The arthropod vectors of yellow should be given under a sigle heading at the end of fever, pp 229-;-298 in: Strode, K. (ed.) Yellow Fever. the text, but before the references. Mc. Graw - Hill, New York & London. Figures and Tables. Send two copies. All illustra tions should be identified lightly with the author's Proofs. Two copies of the first proof will be sent to name and the figure number. The figures and tables the author: One corrected copy should be returned to should be constructed in proportion to either the en the editor without delay. Alterations should be limi tire width of the typed area (140 mm) or to the co ted to correcting typesetting errors. Extensive altera lumn width (67 mm). tions will be charged to the author. Nomenclature. The first time a binomen is used in the text the name of its author should be included. Reprints. Twentyfive reprints are supplied free (fifty Author names should be written in full except L. for with multiple authorships). Additional reprints can Linneaus. Dates'can be included when considered be ordered at a charge (an order form is 'sent with the necessary, Le. Rhyacophila nubila (Zetterstedt, 1840). proofs). FAUNA NORVEGICA Serie A, B, C utkommer med tilsammen 5 hefter i lopet av en Argang. For at heftene skal komme inn under Postverkets elsene som star oppf0rt i Abstract til hver artikkel og regler for billig serie-utsendelse, forlanges det at pa srertrykkene. heftene i de tre seriene av Fauna norvegica i hvert kalendenh gis fortl0pende nummer fra 1 til 5. Det viI Post-office regulation necessitate numeration of all kunne bli noe tilfeldig hvilke hefter som blir gitt de five issues in the three Series (A, B, C) in the order of respektive nummer pa grunn av uregelmessigheter their publication. This number is printed in the top med rek.kef01gen i 10pet av aret. right-hand corner of the front cover On the square). Referansemessig skal vi aldri ta hensyn tU num This number should be ignored when citing issues or meret i fJvre hjfJrne pd omslaget Onne i firkanten). papers. The relevant data are given in connection Det vi skal ta hensyn til er de oppgitte data for de with the number of each series. These numbers pro respektive serier. Det er disse data som gir den kor vide the correct literature referance and it is these rekte litteraturreferansen, og det er disse forkort- that are given in the abstract of individual papers. .1 ~)...... 57 64 69 'n '"I ".. I •.•·••UJi'I.,;--..._