ISSN 1536-7738

Oklahoma Native Plant Record

Journal of the Oklahoma Native Plant Society Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Journal of the Oklahoma Native Plant Society Vol. 2 No. 1 December 2002

ISSN 1536-7738

Managing Editor, Sheila A. Strawn Technical Editor, Patricia Folley Technical Advisor, Bruce Hoagland CD-ROM Producer, Chadwick Cox Website: http://www.usao.edu/~onps/

The purpose of the ONPS is to encourage the study, protection, propagation, appreciation and use of the native plants of Oklahoma. Membership in ONPS shall be open to any person who supports the aims of the Society. ONPS offers individual, student, family, and life membership.

Officers and Board Members

President: Patricia Folley Vice-president: Chadwick Cox Conservation Chair: open Secretary: Maurita Nations Publicity Co-chairs: Treasurer: Mary Korthase Ruth Boyd & Betty Culpepper Board Members: Marketing Chair: Lawrence Magrath Berlin Heck Photo Contest: Paul Reimer Iris McPherson Ann Long Award Chair: Paul Reimer Sue Amstutz Harriet Barclay Award Chair: James Elder Constance Taylor Paul Reimer ONPS Service Award Chair: Sue Amstutz Lawrence Magrath Newsletter Editor: Chadwick Cox Librarian: Bonnie Winchester Northeast Chapter Chair: James Elder Website Manager: Chadwick Cox Central Chapter Chair: Judy Jordan Cross-timbers Chapter Chair: Ronald Tyrl Cover: Gaillardia pulchella (Indian Blanket) Historian: Lynn Allen Photo by Paul Buck, April 25, 1981. Winner of the first ONPS Photo Contest in 1988.

Articles (c) The Authors Journal compilation (c) Oklahoma Native Plant Society Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike4.0 International License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-sa/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly attributed, not used for commercial purposes, and, if transformed, the resulting work is redistributed under the same or similar license to this one. https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.17.100009 2 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1

Table of Contents

Forward ...... 3 Ms. Patricia Folley, ONPS President

Vascular Plants of the Wichita Mountains ...... 4 Dr. Paul Buck

Floristic List for Comanche County, Oklahoma ...... 22 Dr. Bruce W. Hoagland

Schoenoplectus hallii and S. saximontanus ...... 54 Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge Survey 2000 Dr. Lawrence K. Magrath

Pontotoc Ridge Floristic Survey: 1999 ...... 64 Dr. Forrest L. Johnson Ms. Patricia Folley (ed.)

ONPS Editorial ...... 82 Water, Soil, and Plant Diversity in Oklahoma Dr. Sheila A. Strawn Oklahoma Native Plant Record 3 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Foreword

Continuing our goal of publishing historical and current floristic surveys of the different areas of Oklahoma, this 2002 edition features Comanche County and the Wichita Mountains of southwestern Oklahoma. These beautiful pink granite remains of ancient high mountains are completely contained within our state and have an interesting history from the viewpoints of Native Americans and the later European settlers.

Several decades ago a young botanist named Paul Buck spent summers sleeping on concrete picnic tables at the Wichita Wildlife Refuge while making the best-known specific survey of the flora of that site. The resulting list of plants is still in use by visitors to the refuge and others interested in the plants of that region. We have published that survey for you here, for use whenever you visit the Refuge. More recently, the U.S. Army at Ft. Sill, which adjoins the refuge, contracted with the Oklahoma Biological Survey to make a similar study of the flora of the military reservation. From voucher specimens taken during those surveys and from many other botanists who visited the area for the love of its wild beauty, the Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory has compiled a floristic list for the whole of Comanche County. Dr. Bruce Hoagland, at the Oklahoma Biological Survey, has provided that list. We hope it will inspire today’s botanists to continue to monitor extant species on the Refuge and surrounding areas.

The Wichita Wildlife Refuge was established by President William McKinley in 1901, with 57,120 acres of land. Currently, about 22,500 acres are open to the public. The Refuge is a part of the National Wildlife Refuge system, and maintained by the federal government. A visitors’ center provides assistance, educational material, and a library and gift shop. But a remarkable organization of volunteers manages the prodigious task of everyday contact with the many visitors who enter the Refuge every day of the year. By planned tours, educational programs, and hours of labor maintaining trails, the Friends of the Wichitas have made the Refuge a comfortable place for people without reducing the quality of the environment for wildlife. A sister organization of ONPS, the Friends and we share many members. Through the years Oklahoma Native Plant Society volunteers, especially Dr. Buck, have helped staff the field trips. In the process, some of us who might not have made the trip to Comanche County quite so often before, have come to love it as part of our ‘home state’.

Next year, we hope to feature another, and very different section of this varied state: the Ozarks. All who have, or know about, material on that area that might be suitable for this publication, should contact our editor, Sheila Strawn. Also planned for future issues are lists of the plants reported at specific sites by our intrepid teams of field-trippers. Help us make this publication grow!

Patricia Folley President, ONPS August, 2002 4 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE WICHITA MOUNTAINS WILDLIFE REFUGE (1977)

Paul Buck Department of Life Sciences The University of Tulsa Tulsa, Oklahoma

Introduction (2) During the 1930’s thousands of seedlings of non-native woody This list is an effort to species were introduced and planted Mahonia aquifolium update a popular list of the (example: , Spiraea arguta, vascular plants of the Barberry; Spirea; Hibiscus syriacus, WichitaMountains Wildlife Refuge Rose of Sharon; Lagerstroemia indica, prepared by the author Crape approximately ten years ago. The myrtle, etc.). Most of these were earlier work was compiled from subsequently moved to other lists published by Eskew (1938), locations within the southwest. Osborn and Allen(1949) and from Probably none of those left in the studies of several regional Refuge survived the competition of herbaria. the native flora. The changes over the previous The identity of the maple list reflect new species found within the Refuge has been a subject during field activities in the of debate for many years. Opinions Refuge through the years,additions have been divided between the Acer reported in the literature and bigtooth maple ( grandidentatum A. modifications of scientific names ) and sugar maple ( saccharum as published in floras, keys, and ). The writer felt, when manuals. Common names are always a the earlier list was prepared, the problem,frequently changing Wichita maple was the latter and several times within relatively deleted the bigtooth maple from the small geographic areas. In an list. Dent(1969) made a study of the effort to avoid this difficulty the sugar maples of Oklahoma and common names have been taken from A concluded the Caddo Canyon and Guide to Plant Names, (Rechenthin, Wichita Mountains groups are both Acer saccharum. 1954) which was prepared for use by the regional Soil Conservation Service. The very few not listed in References Cited this publication were obtained from Fernald (1950)and the updated Dent, Thomas Curtis 1969 version of Britton and Brown Relationships of two isolated (Gleason 1952). groups of sugar maple in central The asterisks (*) indicate Oklahoma to eastern and western species that are questionable as species. Unpublished PhD present inhabitants of the Refuge Dissertation, University for a couple of reasons: (1) Many ofOklahoma, Norman. were reported in the area by earlier Eskew, Cletis T. 1938 The flowering workers but recent literature plants of the Wichita Mountains indicates their ranges do not Wildlife Refuge, Oklahoma. extend into the Wichita Mountains Amer. Mid. Nat. 20:695-703. system. It might be inferred these Fernald, M.L. 1950 Gray’s Manual of were misidentified,and in several Botany. American Book Company, cases where the specimens were New York. located, this proved to be the case.

Buck, P. https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.17.100011 Oklahoma Native Plant Record 5 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Gleason, Henry A. 1952 The New Wright’s cliffbrake Britton and Brown Illustrated Woodsia obtuse Flora of the Northeastern United Woodsia States and Adjacent Canada. The MARSILEACEAE New York Botanical Garden, New Pilularia americana York. American pillwort Osborn, B. and P. F. Allan 1949 Marsilea mucronata Vegetation of an abandoned Pepper wort prairie-dog town in tall-grass prairie. Ecology 30:322-332. PINACEAE Rechenthin, C.A. 1954 A Guide to Juniperus virginiana Plant Names in Texas, Oklahoma, Eastern Red Cedar Louisiana, Arkansas. United Pinus echinata* States Department of Shortleaf pine Agriculture, Soil Conservation Pinus edulis* Service. Nut pine Pinus ponderosa* Western Yellow pine

Species List Pinus taeda* EQUISETACEAE Loblolly pine Equisetum laevigatum CUPRESSACEAE Kansas horsetail Thuja orientalis* SELAGINELLACEAE Oriental Arbor-Vitae Selaginella peruviana TYPHACEAE Sheldon selaginella Typha angustifolia Selaginella rupestris Narrow leaf cattail Rock selaginella Typha domingensis Cattail ISOETACEAE Typha latifolia Isoetes butleri Butler quillwort Cattail Isoetes melanopoda ZOSTERACEAE Blackfoot quillwort Potamogeton amplifolius Largeleaf pondweed POLYPODIACEAE Potamogeton diversifolius Asplenium trichomanes Waterthread pondweed Spleenwort Potamogeton nodosus Cheilanthes eatoni Longleaf pondweed Eaton lipfern Potamogeton pusillus Cheilanthes fendleri* Baby pondweed Fendler lipfern Cheilanthes lanosa NAJADACEAE Najas guadalupensis Hairy lipfern Cheilanthes lindheimeri Southern naiad Lindheimer lipfern Cheilanthes vestita ALISMATACEAE Echinodorus cordifolius Lipfern Cheilanthes wootoni* Erect burhead Sagittaria calycina Wooton lipfern Dryopteris marginalis Longlobe arrowhead Sagittarria latifolia Standley’s lipfern Arrowhead Notholaena standleyi Standley’s lipfern POACEAE Agropyron repens* Pellaea atropurpurea Purple cliffbrake Couch grass Agrostis ellottiana Pellaea ternifolia Buck, P. 6 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Elliott bentgrass Bermuda grass Agrostis hymenalis Dactylis glomerata Winter bentgrass Orchard grass Alopecurus caroliniana Digitaria sanguinalis Carolina foxtail Hairy crabgrass Andropogon barbinodis Diplachne fascicularis Cane bluestem Bearded spranglegrass Andropogon gerardi Echinochloa crusgalli Big bluestam Barnyard grass Andropogon saccharoides Elusine indica Silver bluestem Goosegrass Andropogon scoparius Elymus canadensis Little bluestem Canada wildrye Aristida dichotoma Elymus virginicus var. dichotoma Virginia wildrye Churchmouse threeawn Eragrostis capillaris Aristida dichotoma Lacegrass var. curtissii Eragrostis curtipedicellata Curtis threeawn Gummy lovegrass Aristida longiseta Eragrostis hypnoides Red threeawn Teal lovegrass Aristida longespica Eragrostis intermedia Slimspike threeawn Plains lovegrass Aristida oligantha Eragrostis cilianensis Oldfield threeawn Stinkgrass Aristida purpurea Eragrostis oxylepsis Purple threeawn var. oxylepis Aristida wrightii Red lovegrass Wright threeawn Eragrostis oxylepsis Bouteloua curtipendula var. beyrichii Sideoats grama Wichita lovegrass Bouteloua gracilis Eragrostis pectinacea Blue grama Carolina lovegrass Bouteloua hirsute Eragrostis pilosa Hairy grama India lovegrass Bouteloua rigidiseta Eragrostis reptans Texas grama Creeping lovegrass Bromus japonicus Eragrostis sessilispica Japanese brome Tumble lovegrass Bromus arvensis* Eragrostis spectabilis Field brome Purple lovegrass Bromus purgans Eragrostis trichodes Canada brome Sand lovegrass Bromus tectorum Eriochloa contracta Cheatgrass Prairie cutgrass Bromus uniloides Festuca octoflora Rescuegraas Sixweeks fescue Buchloe dactyloides Festuca pratensis Buffalo grass Suiter fescue Cenchrus pauciflorus Festuca versuta Mat sandbur Texas fescue Chloris verticillata Hordeum pusillum Tumble windmillgrass Little barley Chloris virgata Leersia oryzoides Showy chloris Rice grass Cynodon dactylon Leptochloa dubia Buck, P. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 7 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Green sprangletop Poa compressa Leptoloma cognatum Canada bluegrass Fall witchgrass Schedonnardus paniculatus Limnodea arkansana Tumblegrass Ozark grass Setaria geniculata Manisuris cylindrica Knotroot bristlegrass Carolina jointtail Setaria viridis Melica nitens Green bristlegrass Threeflower melic Sorgastrum nutans Muhlenbergia capillaris Indiangrass Hairawn muhly Sorghum halapense Muhlenbergia frondosa Johnson grass Wirestem muhly Spartina pectinata var. suttiei Muhlenbergia racemosa Prairie cordgrass Green muhly Sphenopholis obtusata Panicum agrostoides Prairie wedgescale Redtop panicum Sporobolus airoides Panicum anceps Alkali Sacaton Beaked panicum Sporobolus asper Panicum capillare Tall dropseed Witchgrass Sporobolus cryptandrus Panicum depauperatum Sand dropseed Poor panic grass Sporobolus pyramidatus Panicum dichotomiflorum Whorled dropseed Fall panicum Sporobolus vaginiflorus Panicum lanuginosum var. vaginiflorus Wooly panicum Poverty dropseed Panicum linearifolium Sporobolus vaginiflorus Slimleaf panicum var. neglectus Panicum malacophyllum Puffsheath dropseed Shortleaf panicum Trichachne californica Panicum obtusum Arizona cottontop Vine-mesquite Tridens albescens Panicum obligosanthes White tridens var. scribnerianum Tridens flavus Scribner panicum Purpletop Panicum perlongum Tridens muticus var. muticus Elongate panic grass Slim tridens Panicum philadelphicum Tridens muticus var. elongatus Philadelphia witchgrass Rough tridens Panicum virgatum Tridens pilosus Switchgrass Hairy tridens Paspalum pubiflorum Tridens strictus var. publiflorum Longspike tridens Hairyseed paspalum Tripsacum dactyloides Paspalum publiflorum Eastern gamagrass var. glabrum Uniola latifolia Smoothseed paspalum Broadleaf uniola Paspalum setaceum CYPERACEAE Fringeleaf paspalum Bulbostylis capillaris Phalaris caroliniana Hairsedge Carolina canary grass Carex amphibola Poa annua Narrowleaf sedge Annual bluegrass Carex annectens Poa arachnifera Yellowfruit sedge Texas bluegrass Buck, P. 8 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Carex austrina Eleocharis tenuis Southern sedge Slender spikesedge Carex blanda Fimbristylis spadicea Woodland sedge Plains fimbry Carex festucacea Fimbristylis vahlii Fescue sedge Vahl fimbry Carex frankii Fuirena simplex Frank sedge Western umbrella sedge Carex gravida var. lunellina Hemicarpha micrantha Lunnell sedge Hemicarpha Carex joori Scirpus acutus Hummock sedge Hardstem bulrush Carex microrhyncha Scirpus americanus Littlesnout sedge American bulrush Carex praegracilis Scirpus atrovirens Slender sedge Green bulrush Carex stricta var. elongata Scirpus lacustris Emory sedge Softstem bulrush Carex vulpinoidea Scirpus lineatus Fox sedge Rusty bulrush Cyperus acuminatus Scirpus paludosis Taperleaf flatsedge Alkali bulrush Cyperus aristatus Scirpus pauciflora Bearded flatsedge Fewflower nutrush Cyperus erythrorhizos Redroot flatsedge ARACEAE Arisaema dracontium Cyperus esculentus Chufa Dragonroot or Cyperus filiculmis Jack-in-the-Pulpit Slender flatsedge Cyperus odoratus LEMNACEAE Lemna minor Fragrant flatsedge Cyperus ovularis Duckweed Globe flatsedge Cyperus schweinitzii COMMELINACEAE Commelina erecta Schweinitz flatsedge var. angustifolia Cyperus setigerus Narrowleaf Bristled spike flatsedge dayflower Cyperus strigosus Commelina virginica False nut sedge Virginia dayflower Cyperus virens Tradescantia hirsutiflora Green flatsedge Hairyflower spiderwort Eleocharis compressa Tradescantia occidentalis Flatstem spikesedge Prairie spiderwort Eleocharis engelmanii Tradescantia ohiensis Englemann spikesedge Smoothstalk spiderwort Eleocharis macrostachya Tradescantia tharpii Longspike spikesedge Tharp spiderwort Eleocharis montevidensis Sand spikesedge Eleocharis obtusa PONTEDERIACEAE Heteranthera limosa Blunt spikesedge Blue mudplantain Eleocharis parvula Dwarf spikesedge Eleocharis quadrangulata JUNCACEAE Juncos acuminatus Squarestem spikesedge Knotleaf rush Buck, P. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 9 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Juncus balticus Populus deltoids Baltic rush Cottonwood Juncus interior Salix amygdaloides Inland rush Peachleaf willow Juncus marginatus Salix caroliniana Grassleaf rush Ward's willow Juncus tenuis var. tenuis Salix interior Poverty rush Sandbar willow Juncus tenuis var. dudleyi Salix matsudana* Dudley rush Willow Juncus Salix nigra torreyiTorrey Black willow rush JUGLANDACEAE LILIACEAE Carya cordiformis Allium canadense Bitternut hickory Canada garlic Carya illinoensis Allium drummondii Pecan Drummond onion Juglans nigra Allium stellatum Black walnut Prairie onion Juglans rupestris Androstephium coeruleum Little walnut Blue funnellily Camassia scilloides FAGACEAE Quercus falcate Atlantic camass Erythronium americanum Southern red oak Quercus macrocarpa Fawn lily Nothoscordum bivalve Bur oak Quercus marilandica Yellow false garlic Smilax bona-nox Blackjack oak Quercus mohriana Saw greenbrier Smilax herbacea Mohrs oak Quercus muhlenbergii Carrionflower Smilax rotundifolia Chinquapin oak Quercus rubus borealis Greenbrier var. Smilax tamnoides Red oak Quercus shumardii Bristly greenbrier shumardii Yucca glauca var. Small soapweed Shumard’s oak Quercus shumardii AMARYLLIDACEAE var. schneckii Agave lata Schneck's oak Agave Quercus stellata Zephyranthes brazosensis Post oak Evening start or Rain lily Quercus velutina Black oak IRIDACEAE Quercus virginiana Nemastylis geminiflora Live oak Prairie iris Sisyrinchium angustifolium ULMACEAE Blueeye grass Celtis laevigata Sugar hackberry ORCHIDACEAE Celtis occidentalis Spiranthes cernua Hackberry Nodding ladiestresses Celtis reticulata Netleaf hackberry SALICACEAE Buck, P. 10 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Ulmus americanus Curlytop smartweed American elm Polygonum pensylvanicum Ulmus pumila* Pennsylvania smartweed Chinese elm Polygonum punctatum Ulmus rubra Dotted smartweed Slippery elm Polygonum ramosissimum Bushy knotweed MORACEAE Polygonum scandens Maclura pomifera Hedge cornbind Osage orange Polygonum tenue Morus microphylla Pleatleaf knotweed Texas mulberry Rumex altissimus Morus rubra Pale dock Red mulberry Rumex crispus Morus tatarica* Curly dock Russian mulberry CHENOPODIACEAE URTICACEAE Chenopodium album Boehmeria cylindrica Lambsquarters Smallspike falsenettle Chenopodium hybridum Parietaria pensylvanica var. gigantospermum Pennsylvania pellitory Bigseed goosefoot Chenopodium leptophyllum SANTALACEAE Slimleaf goosefoot Comandra pallida Chenopodium standleyanum Western comandra Standley goosefoot Salsola Kali var. tenuifolia LORANTHACEAE Russian thistle Phoradendron serotinum Monolepis nutalliana Mistletoe Nuttall monolepis ARISTOLOCHIACEAE AMARANTHAECEAE Aristolochia tomentosa Alternanthera repens Wooly dutchmanpipe Mat chaff flower Amaranthus graecizans POLYGONACEAE Eriogonum annum Tumbleweed Amaranthus hybridus Annual wild buckwheat Eriogonum longifolium Slim amaranth Amaranthus palmeri Longleaf wild buckwheat Polygonum aviculare Palmer amaranth Amaranthus retroflexus Prostrate knotweed Polygonum bicorne Redroot amaranth Amaranthus tamarascinus Longstype smartweed Polygonum coccinium Waterhemp Brayulinea densa* Bigroot smartweed Polygonum convolvulus Cottonflower Froelichia floridana Dullseed cornbind Polygonum hydropiper Florida snakecotton Floelichia gracilis Marshpepper smartweed Polygonum hydropiperoides Slender snakecotton Gossypianthus lanuginosus var. hydropiperoides Swamp smartweed Woolly cottonflower Polygonum hydropiperoides Gossypianthus tenuiflorus var. opelousanum Lanceleaf cottonflower Opelousas swamp smartweed Polygonum lapathifolium Buck, P. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 11 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

NYCTAGINACEAE Anemone decapetala Mirabilis albida Tenpetal anemone Pale umbrella-wort Clematis pitcheri Mirabilis inearis Pitcher clematis Narrowleaf umbrella-wort Delphinium virescens Mirabilis nyctaginea Plains larkspur Heartleaf umbrella-wort BERBERIDACEAE PHYTOLACCACEAE Mahonia aquifolium* Phytolacca americana Barberry Pokeberry MENISPERMACEAE AIZOACEAE Cocculus carolinus Mollugo verticillata Carolina snailseed Green carpetweed Menispermum canadense Moonseed PORTULACACEAE Claytonia virginica PAPAVERACEAE Virginia spring beauty Argemone polyanthemos Portulaca oleracea Prickle poppy Purslane FUMARIACEAE Portulaca parvla Corydalis aurea Shaggy purslane var. occidentalis Portulaca umbraticola Goldon corydalis Wingpod purslane Talinum calycinum CAPPARIDACEAE Cleome serrulata Rockpink Talinum parvifolorum Bee spider flower Cleomella angustifolia Prairie fameflower Talinum rugospermum* Narrowleaf rhombopod Polanisia dodecandra Roughseed fameflower Roughseed CARYOPHYLLACEAE clammywort Arenaria patula Pitcher’s sandwort CRUCIFERAE Arabis missouriensis Arenaria stricta var. texana Texas sandwort Green rockcress Capsella bursa–pastoris Cerastium brachypodum Shortstalk chickweed Shepherdspurse Descurainia pinnata Sagina decumbens Trailing pearlwort Pinnate tansymustard Dithyrea wislizenii Silene antirrhina Sleepy catchfly Wislizen's spectacle pod Draba brachycarpa ILLECEBRACEAE Shortpod draba Paronychia jamesii Draba cuneifolia James nailwort Wedgeleaf draba Paronychia virginica Draba reptans Virginia nailwort Carolina draba Erysimum capitatum CERATOPHYLLACEAE Plains erysimum Ceratophyllum demersum Lepidium oblongum Coontail Veiny pepperwort Lepidium virginicum RANUNCULACEAE Anemone caroliniana Virginia pepperwort Lesquerella auriculata Carolina anemone Earleaf bladderpod Buck, P. 12 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Lesquerella gordonii Chokecherry Gordon bladderpod Rosa foliolosa* Lesquerella gracilis Leafy rose Lax bladderpod Rosa multiflora* Lesquerella ovalifolia Multiflora rose var. alba Rubus aboriginum Roundleaf bladderpod Northern dewberry Nasturtium officinale Rubus idaeus Watercress Red raspberry Rorippa islandica Rubus louisanus Bog marshcress Louisiana Rorippa sessilifolia blackberry Stalkless yellowcress Rubus occidentalis Sibara virginica Blackcap raspberry Virginia rockcress Rubus trivialis Lowbush blackberry CRASSULACEAE Spiraea arguta* Sedum nuttallianum Spirea Yellow stonecrop Spirea cantoniensis* Sedum pulchellum Spirea Texas stonecrop Spirea vanhouttei* Spirea SAXIFRAGACEAE Ribes odoratum LEGUMINOSAE Clove current Acacia angustissima Prairie acacia ROSACEAE Amorpha canescens Argimonia parviflora Leadplant Mayflower grovebur Amorpha fruticosa Amelanchier arborea Indigobush amorpha Service berry Amorpha microphylla* Crataegus crus-galli Smallleaf amorpha Cockspur hawthorn Amorpha nana* Crataegus engelmannii Fragrant false indigo Engelmann hawthorn Apios americana Crataegus reverchonii Groundnut Reverchon hawthorn Astragalus crassicarpus Geum canadense Groundplum milkvetch White avens Astragalus lindheimeri Geum virginiana* Lindheimer milkvetch Bristly avens Astragalus plattensis Potentilla arguta Platte milkvetch Cinquefoil Baptisia australis minor Prunus americana var. Blue wild indigo American plum Baptisia leucophaea Prunus angustifolia Plains wild indigo Chickasaw plum Baptisia sphaerocarpa Prunus armeniaca* Golden wild indigo Apricot Cassia fasciculate Prunus persica Showy partridgepea Peach Cassia marilandica Prunus gracilis Wild senna Oklahoma plum Cercis canadensis Prunus mexicana Redbud Mexican plum Clitoria mariana Prunus virginiana Atlantic pigeonwings

Buck, P. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 13 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Colutea arborescens* White prairie clover Bladder senna Petalostemum multiflorum Crotalaria sagittalis Roundtop prairie clover Arrow crotalaria Petalostemum purpureum Dalea aurea Purple prairie clover Siltop aurea Petalostemum tenuifolium Dalea enneandra Slimleaf prairie clover Bigtop dalea Prosopis juliflora Dalea purpurea Mesquite Purple prairie-clover Psoralea cuspidata Desmanthus illinoensis Tallbread scurfpea Illinois bundleflower Psoralea esculenta Desmodium ciliare Indian breadroot Littleleaf tickclover Psoralea lineariflolia Desmodium glutinosum Slimleaf scurfpea Sticky tickclover Psoralea tenuiflora Desmodium nudiflorum Wild alfalfa Barestem tickclover Robinia pseudoacacia Desmodium paniculatum Black locust Panicled tickclover Shrankia uncinata Desmodium sessilisovium Catclaw sensitive brier Sessile tickclover Strophostyles helvola Galactia volubilis Trailing wildbean Downy milkpea Strophostyles leiosperma Gleditsia triacanthos Slickseed wildbean Honeylocust Stylosanthes riparia Glycyrrhiza lepidota Endbeak pencilflower American licorice Trifolium reflexum Gymnocladus dioica Buffalo clover Kentucky coffee tree Vicia ludoviciana Hoffmanseggia densiflora Louisiana vetch Indian rushpea Vicia sparsifolia Indigofera miniata Stiffleaf vetch var. leptosepala Coast indigo GERANIACEAE Geranium carolinianum Krameria secundiflora Trailing ratany Carolina geranium Erodium cicutarium Lespedeza capitata Roundhead lespedeza Storksbill Lespedeza intermedia Intermediate lespedeza OXALIDACEAE Lespedeza procumbens Oxalis stricta Oxalis Trailing lespedeza Oxalis violacea Lespedeza virginica Slender lespedeza Violet woodsorrel Lotus americanus LINACEAE Deervetch Linum hudsonioides Melilotus alba Tufted flax White sweet clover Linum rigidum Melilotus officianalis Stiffstem flax Yellow sweet clover Linum sulcatum Neptunea lutea Grooved flax Yellow neptunea Oxytropis lamberti ZYGOPHYLLACEAE Stemless loco Tribulus terrestris Petalostemum candidum Buck, P. 14 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Puncturevine Carolina leafflower Phyllanthus polygonoides RUTACEAE Knotweed leafflower Ptelea trifoliate Stillingia sylvatica Wafer ash Queen's delight Tragia ramose SIMAROUBACEAE Branching noseburn Ailanthus altissima* Tree-of-Heaven CALLITRICHACEAE Callitriche heterophylla POLYGALACEAE Polygala alba Larger waterstar wort White milkwort Polygala verticillata ANACARDIACEAE Whorled milkwort Rhus aromatica Skunkbush EUPHORBIACEAE Rhus copallina Acalypha gracilens Flameleaf sumac Slender copperleaf Rhus glabra Acalypha ostryaefolia Smooth sumac Hophornbeam copperleaf Rhus toxicodendron Croton capitatus Poison ivy Woolly croton Croton glandulosus CELASTRACEAE Tropic croton Celastrus scandens Croton lindheimerianus American Bittersweet Threeseed croton Euonymus atropurpureus Croton monanthogynus Eastern wahoo Oneseed croton Euonymus europaeus* Croton texensis European spindle-tree Texas croton ACERACEAE Euphorbia commutata Acer saccharinum* Tinted euphorbia Silver maple Euphorbia corollata Acer saccharum Flowering spurge Sugar maple Euphorbia dentata HIPPOSCASTANACEAE Toothed euphorbia Aesculus glabra Euphorbia glyptosperma Ohio buckeye Ridgeseed euphorbia Euphorbia hexagona SAPINDACEAE Six-angle euphorbia Sapindus drummondii* Euphorbia marginata Western soapberry Snow-on-the-mountain Euphorbia missourica RHAMNACEAE Ceanothus herbaceus Missouri euphorbia pubescens Euphorbia nutans var. Spotted euphorbia Fuzzy ceanothus Rhamnus frangula* Euphorbia obtusata Roughpor euphorbia Alder buckthorn Euphorbia prostrata VITACEAE Prostrate euphorbia Ampelopsis cordata Euphorbia spathulata Heartleaf ampelopsis Warty euphorbia Cissus incisa Euphorbia supina Ivy treebine Milk purslane Parthenocissus quinquefolia Phyllanthus caroliniensis Virginia creeper Buck, P. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 15 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Vitis aestivalis CACTACEAE Summer grape Echinocereus baileyi Vitis cinerea Wichita pin cushion Sweet grape Echinocereus reichenbachii Vitis palmata Lace echinocereus Cat grape Opuntia compressa Vitis rotundifolia Prickly pear Muscadine grape Vitis rupestris LYTHRACEAE Ammannia auriculata Sand grape Vitis vulpine Earleaf ammannia Ammannia coccinea Riverbank grape Purple ammannia MALVACEAE Lagerstroemia indica* Callirhoe involucrata Crape myrtle Low poppymallow Lythrum alatum Callirhoe leiocarpa Winged lythrum Tall poppymallow Hibiscus syriacus* ONAGRACEAE Gaura biennis pitcheri Rose of Sharon var. Sphaeralcea coccinea Pitcher gaura Gaura coccinea Scarlet mallow Scarlet gaura GUTTIFERAE Gaura parviflora Hypericum drummondii Smallflower gaura Nits and lice Gaura sinuata Hypericum mutilum Wavyleaf gaura Dwarf St. John's wort Guara suffulta Roadside gaura TAMARICACEAE Gaura tripetala Tamarix hispida* var. triangulata Kashgar tamarisk Three petal gaura Tamarix odessana* Jussiaea decurrens Tamarisk Wingleaf water primrose Tamarix pentandra* Jussiaea peploides Tamarisk var. glabrescens Smooth water primrose CISTACEAE Ludwigia alternifolia Lechea tenuifolia bushy boxseed Narrowleaf pinwheel Ludwigia palustris Marsh boxseed VIOLACEAE Oenothera biennis Hybanthus verticillatus Evening primrose Whorled nodviolet Oenothera heterophylla Viola missouriensis Varileaf evening primrose Missouri violet Oenothera jamesii Viola papilionacea Trumpet evening primrose Butterfly violet Oenothera laciniata Viola rafinesquii var. laciniata Johnny-jump-up Cutleaf evening primrose Oenothera laciniata LOASACEAE grandiflora Mentzelia oligosperma var. Chickthief Largeflowered cutleaf evening primrose Oenothera linifolia Mentzelia stricta Sandlily Threadleaf sundrops

Buck, P. 16 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Oenothera macrocarpa CORNACEAE var.macrocarpa Cornus drummondii Ozark sundrops Roughleaf dogwood Oenothera macrocarpa var. incana Cornus florida* Gray sundrops Flowering dogwood Oenothera missouriensis Missouri evening primrose PRIMULACEAE Androsace occidentalis Oenothera serrulata Halfshrub sundrops Western rockjasmine Dodecatheon meadia Oenothera speciosa Showy sundrops Shooting star Samolus parviflorus Oenothera triloba Stemless evening primrose Thinleaf brookweed Stenosiphon virgatus False gaura SAPOTACEAE Bumelia lanuginosa HALORAGACEAE Woollybucket bumelia Myriophyllum brasiliensis EBENACEAE Parrot feather Diospyros virginiana Myriophyllum exalbescens Parrot feather Persimmon

UMBELLIFERAE OLEACEAE Ammoselinum butleri Forsythia suspensa fortunei* Butler sandparsley var. Ammoselinum popei Golden bells Fraxinus americana Plains sandparlsey Chaerophyllum tainturieri White ash dasycarpum Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. pennsylvanica Hairyfruit chervil var. Cicuta maculata Red ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Spotted water hemlock subintegerrima Daucus carota* var. Green ash Wild carrot Fraxinus velutina* Daucus pusillus Arizona ash Southwestern carrot Jasminum nudiflorum* Eryngium diffusum Jasmine Bushy eryngo Ligustrum amurense* Eryngium leavenworthii Privet Leavenworth eryngo Ligustrum vulgare* Limnosciadum pinnatum Arkansas dogshade Privet Lomatium daucifolium GENTIANACEAE Carrotleaf lomatium Sabatia angularis Polytaenia nuttallii Squarestem rosegentium Prairie parsley Sabatia campestris Ptilimnium nuttallii Prairie rosegentian Nuttall mockbishop Sanicula canadensis APOCYNACEAE Canada sanic1e Amsonia ciliata texana Spermolepis divaricata var. Texas slimpod Forked scaleseed Amsonia tabernaemontana Spermolepis echinata Willow slimpod Bristly scaleseed Apocynum cannabinium var. glaberrimum Hemp dogbane Buck, P. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 17 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

ASCLEPIADACEAE Lithospermum incisum Asclepias asperula Narrowleaf var. decumbens Gromwell Trailing milkweed Myosotis macrosperma Asclepias latifolia Southern Broadleaf milkweed forget-me-not Asclepias pumila Myosotis verna Plains milkweed Forget-me-not Asclepias stenophylla Onosmodium molle Slimleaf milkweed Marbleseed Asclepias sullivantii Sullivant milkweed VERBENACEAE Phyla cuneifolia Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly milkweed Wedgeleaf Asclepias verticillata fogfruit Phyla incisa Whorled milkweed Asclepias viridiflora Sawtooth fogfruit Verbena bipinnatifida Green acerates Asclepias viridis Dakota verbena Verbena bracteata Green antelope horn Bigbract verbena CONVOLVULACEAE Verbena canadensis Convolvulus arvensis Rose verbena Small bindweed Verbena pumila Convolvulus incanus Pink verbena Gray bindweed Verbena stricta Cuscuta coryli Woolly verbena Hazel dodder Verbena urticifolia Cuscuta gronovii White verbena Gronovius dodder Vitex agnus-castus* Cuscuta indecora Chaste tree Showy dodder Cuscuta cuspidata LABIATAE Hedeoma drummondii Cusp dodder Evolvulus nuttallianus Drummond hedeoma Hedeoma hispida Silver evolvulus Ipomoea shumardiana Rough hedeoma Lamium amplexicaule Narrowleaf morning glory Henbit POLEMONIACEAE Lycopus americanus Gilia rubra American bugleweed Texasplume Monarda citriodora Phlox pilosa Lemon beebalm Downy phlox Monarda clinopodioides Basil beebalm HYDROPHYLLACEAE Monarda fistulosa Nama hispidum Shrubby beebalm Rough nama Monarda punctata Phacelia congesta Spotted beebalm Spike phacelia Nepeta cataria Phacelia hirsuta Catnip Hairy phacelia Salvia azurea var. grandiflora Azure sage BORAGINACEAE Salvia reflexa Lithospermum arvense Lanceleaf sage Corn Gromwell Scutellaria drummondii

Buck, P. 18 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Drummond skullcap Cobaea penstemon Scutellaria resinosa Penstemon oklahomensis Resindot skullcap Oklahoma penstemon Scutellaria wrightii Penstemon tubaeflorus Wright skullcap Tube panstemon Teucrium canadense Scrophularia lanceolata American germander Narrowleaf figwort Teucrium laciniatum Veronica arvensis Cutleaf germander Speedwell Trichostema brachiatum Veronica peregrina Fluxweed Purslane speedwell Verbascum thapsus SOLANACEAE Flannel mullein Physalis lobata Purple groundcherry BIGNONIACEAE Physalis virginiana Catalpa speciosa var. sonorae Catalpa Virginia groundcherry Chilopsis linearis* Physalis viscosa Desert willow var. cinerascens Beach groundcherry MARTYNIACEAE Proboscidea louisianica Physalis viscosa var. mollis Field groundcherry Unicorn plant Solanum carolinense LENTIBULARIACEAE Carolina horsenettle Utricularia biflora Solanum citrullifolium* Bladderwort Watermelon leaved solanum Utricularia vulgaris Solanum elaegnifolium Silverleaf nightshade Bladderwort Solanum rostratum ACANTHACEAE Buffalobur Justicia americana Solanum torreyi Justicia Torrey horsenettle Ruellia humilis Low ruellia SCROPHULARIACEAE Ruellia pedunculata Bacopa rotundifolia Disc waterhyssop Stalked ruellia Castilleja citrina PHRYMACEAE Citron paintbrush Phryma leptostachya Castilleja sessiliflora Lopseed Downy paintbrush PLANTAGINACEAE Collinsia violacea Plantago aristata Violet collinsia Gratiola virginiana Bottlebrush plantain Plantago elongata Virginia hedgehyssop Leucospora multifida Elongate plantain Plantago purshii var. purshii Narrowleaf conobea Slender plantain Linaria canadensis var. texana Plantago purshii var. spinulosa Oldfield toadflax Bristlebract plantain Lindernia anagallidea Plantago rhodosperma C1asping False-pimpernel Redseed plantain Lindernia dubia Plantago virginica Yellowseed false-pimpernel Paleseed plantain Penstemon albidus Plantago wrightiana White penstemon Wright plantain Penstemon cobea

Buck, P. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 19 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

RUBIACEAE Specularia leptocarpa Cephalanthus occidentalis Slimpod venus-looking glass Buttonbush Specularia perfoliata Diodia teres var. setifera Clasping venus-looking glass Rough buttonweed Galium aparine LOBELIACEAE Lobelia appendiculata Catchweed bedstraw Galium pilosum Earflower lobelia Lobelia cardinalis Hairy bedstraw Galium texense Cardinal flower Lobelia spicata Texas bedstraw Galium triflorum Palespike lobelia Fragrant bedstraw Galium virgatum COMPOSITAE Achillea lanulosa Southwest bedstraw Hedyotis crassifolia Western yarrow Achillea millefolium Tiny bluet Hedyotis nigricans Yarrow Agoseris cuspidate Narrowleaf bluet Hedyotis purpurea Wavyleaf agoseris Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. longifolia Purple bluet Ragweed Ambrosia psilostachys CAPRIFOLIACEAE Western ragweed Ambrosia trifida Lonicera japonica* Honeysuckle Giant ragweed Antennaria plantaginifolia Lonicera tatarica* Tatarian honeysuckle Plantain-leaf pussy toes Aphanostephus pilosus Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Coralberry Hairy dozedaisy Viburnum prunifolium Aphanostephus ramosissimus var. ferrugineum Plains dozedaisy Aphanostephus skirrhobasis Rusty blackhaw Arkansas dozedaisy VALERIANACEAE Artemisia carruthii Valerianella radiata Carruth sagewort var. radiata Artemisia filifolia Beaked cornsalad Figleaf sagewort Valerianella radiata Artemisia glauca var. parviflora False terragon sagewort Narrowcell Artemisia ludoviciana cornsalad var. ludoviciana Louisiana sagewort CUCURBITACEAE Artemisia ludoviciana Cucurbita foetidissima var. mexicana Buffalo gourd American sagewort Cyclanthera dissectra Artemisia serrata* Cutleaf cyclanthera Sawtooth sagewort Ibervillea lindheimeri Aster communtatus* Lindheimer globeberry Cluster aster Melothria pendula Aster ericoides Drooping me1onette Heath aster Aster fendleri CAMPANULACEAE Specularia biflora Fendler aster Aster oblongifolius Small venus-looking glass Aromatic aster

Buck, P. 20 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Aster patens Erigeron strigosus Skydrop aster Prairie fleabane Aster subulatus Eupatorium serotinum Awl shaped aster Late eupatorium Baccharis salicina Evax multicaulis Willow groundsel-tree Manystem evax Berlandiera texana Evax prolifera Texas greeneyes Bighead evax Bidens cernua Gaillardia pulchella Nodding beggarticks Rosering gaillardia Bidens frondosa Gaillardia suavis Devil’s beggarticks Sweet gaillardia Centaurea americana Gnaphalium chilense Basketflower Cottonbatting cudweed Chaetopappa asteroides Gnaphalium purpureum Least daisy Purple cudweed Chrysopsis pilosa Gnaphalium wrightii Soft goldaster Wright cudweed Chrysopsis villosa var. villosa Grindelia squarrosa Hairy goldaster var. squarrosa Chrysopsis villosa Curlycup gumweed var. canescens Grindelia squarrosa Hairy goldaster var. nuda Chrysopsis villosa Rayless gumweed var. stenophylla Gutierrezia dracunculoides Narrowleaf goldaster Broom weed Cirsium ochrocentrum Gutierrezia sarothrae* Yellowspine thistle Broom snakeweed Cirsium undulatum Haplopappus ciliatus Wavyleaf thistle Wax goldenweed Conyza canadensis Haplopappus spinulosis Horseweed fleabane Cutleaf goldonweed Conyza ramoisissima Helenium amarum var. amarum Conyza Bitter sneezeweed Coreopsis grandiflora Helenium amarum var. badium var. longipes Basin sneezeweed Bigflower coreopsis Helenium autumnale Coreopsis lanceolata Sneezeweed var. villosa Helenium flexuosum Lanceleaf coreopsis Flexuous sneezeweed Coreopsis tinctoria Helenium microcephalum Plains coreopsis Smallhead sneezeweed Dyssodia tagetioides Helianthus annuus Marigold dogweed Annual sunflower Echinacea angustifolia Helianthus hirsutus Black sampson Hairy sunflower Echinacea pallida Helianthus laetiflorus Pale purple coneflower Stiff sunflower Eclipta alba Helianthus maximilani Yerba de tajo Maximilian sunflower Englemannia pinnatifida Helianthus petiolaris Engelmann daisy Prairie sunflower Erigeron bellidiastrum Hieracium longipilum Western fleabane Longbeard hawkseed Erigeron divergens Hymenopappus scabiosaeus Spreading fleabane Flattop woollywhite Buck, P. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 21 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Hymenopappus tenuifolius Missouri goldenrod Chalkhill woollywhite Solidago mollis Hymenoxys linearifolia Ashy goldenrod Fineleaf actinea Solidago petiolaris Hymenoxys scaposa var. linearis Downy goldenrod Plains actinea Solidago radula Iva ciliata Rough goldenrod Seacoast sumpweed Taraxacum officinale Krigia dandelion Dandelion Tuber dwarf dandelion Thelesperma ambiguum Krigia oppositifolia Colorado greenthread Weedy dwarf dandelion Thelesperma filifolium Kuhnia eupatorioides Plains greenthread var. corymbulosa Thelesperma megapotamicum Plains kuhnia Rayless greenthread Lactuca canadensis Townsendia excapa Canada lettuce Stemless Townsendia Lactuca pulchella* Tragopogon major Chickory lettuce Yellow goat's beard Lactuca scariola Verbescina virginica Prickly lettuce White crownbeard Liatris aspera Vernonia baldwinii Rough gayfeather Baldwin ironweed Liatris punctata Vernonia missurica Dotted gayfeather Missouri ironweed Liatris scariosa Xanthisma texanum Tall gayfeathcr Texas Palafoxia texana sleepydaisyXanthium Texas palafoxia strumarium Pluchea camphorata Cocklebur Camphor pluchea Pyrrhopappus carolinianus Editor’s note: Carolina false-dandelion This paper, written in 1977, was originally distributed by the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge as an Pyrrhopappus scaposus informational handout but never published. Scientific Tuber false-dandelion Ratisida columnifera names that were originally underlined have been italicized and species epithets derived from a person’s Upright prairie coneflower Rudbeckia hirta name are not capitalized as they were in the original work to abide with current taxonomic practice. The Blackeyed susan Santolina chamaecyparissus author emphasizess that there is a great need to update * this twenty-five year old floristic list and, together with Lavender cotton WMWR, encourages new research on this site. Senecio plattensis

Prairie groundsel Senecio riddellii Riddell groundsel Silphium asteriscus Sand rosinweed Silphium laciniatum Compass plant Solidago bootii* Boot goldenrod Solidago gigantea var. leiophylla November goldenrod Solidago missouriensis var. fasciculate Buck, P. 22 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Floristic List for Comanche County, Oklahoma

Bruce Hoagland Oklahoma Biological Survey/Department of Geography University of Oklahoma Norman, OK 73019

Floristic lists are vital tools for conservation planning, research, and wildflower appreciation. The diverse physical geography of Comanche County contributes to the high degree of plant diversity and habitats. The county is probably best known for the Wichita Mountains, which are composed of Cambrian gabbro and granites. To the north of the Wichita Mountains is the Slick Hill, an extensive outcropping of limestone. The surface geology of most of the county is composed of Permian sandstones. Land use in the county includes row crop agriculture and pastureland.

INTRODUCTION 2,009 list the Wichita Mountains as the place of collection and 1,661 list the Wichita The floristic list presented here was Mountains Wildlife Refuge specifically. Other generated form the Atlas of the Flora of locations in the Wichitas include Medicine Oklahoma database. The database contains Park and Meers. There are 836 records listed records for specimens deposited in Oklahoma for Fort Sill, which includes the Wichita herbaria. Voucher specimens for plants on the Mountains and a portion of Permian list can be found at one of the following sandstone. The earliest collections in the herbaria: Oklahoma State University, Cameron database are dated 2 July 1903 and were University, University of Science and Arts of collected by A. Van Vleet in the Wichita Oklahoma, Southeastern Oklahoma State Mountains. These specimens are deposited at University, and the Bebb Herbarium at the the Bebb Herbarium. Botanists with large University of Oklahoma. Taxonomy and numbers of collections in the database include common names follow the United States F. L. Johnson and R. Thompson (790 records Department of Agricultures Plants Database for specimens collected as part of florisitic (www.plants.gov.us). inventory of Fort Sill), F. B. McMurry (498 There are 1,137 species and records, all from the Wichita Mountains subspecific taxa, from the 116 families listed. National Wildlife Refuge), B. Osborn (262 There is a total of 3,560 specimens current records), and U.T. Waterfall (121 records). recorded in the database. Of those records,

Hoagland, B.W. https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.17.100012 Oklahoma Native Plant Record 23 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Floristic List for Comanche County, Oklahoma

Ferns and allies Cheilanthes wootonii Maxon beaded lipfern Aspleniaceae Notholaena sinuata (Lag. ex Sw.) Asplenium platyneuron (L.) B.S.P. Kaulfuss ebony spleenwort Notholaena standleyi Maxon Asplenium resiliens Kunze star cloak fern blackstem spleenwort Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) Link Asplenium trichomanes L. purple cliffbrake maidenhair spleenwort Pellaea wrightiana Hook. Dryopteridaceae Wright's cliffbrake Dryopteris marginalis (L.) gray Selaginellaceae marginal woodfern Selaginella peruviana (Milde) Hieron. Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. Peruvian spikemoss bluntlobe cliff fern Selaginella rupestris (L.) Equisetaceae Spring Equisetum hyemale L. northern selaginella scouringrush horsetail Equisetum hyemale L. Gymnosperms var. affine (Engelm.) A.A. Eat. Cupressaceae scouringrush horsetail Juniperus virginiana L. Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun eastern redcedar smooth horsetail Thuja orientalis L. Equisetum X ferrissii Clute (pro sp.) oriental arborvitae Marsileaceae Angiosperms Marsilea vestita Hook. & Grev. Monocotyledonae hairy waterclover Pilularia americana A. Braun Agavaceae American pillwort Manfreda virginica (L.) Salisb. ex Rose false aloe

Ophioglossaceae Yucca glauca Nutt. Ophioglossum engelmannii Prantl soapweed yucca limestone adderstongue Ophioglossum vulgatum L. Alismataceae southern adderstongue Echinodorus berteroi (Spreng.) Fassett upright burrhead

Pteridaceae Sagittaria brevirostra Cheilanthes eatonii Baker Mackenzie & Bush Eaton's lipfern Shortbeak arrowhead Cheilanthes lanosa (Michx.) D.C. Eat. Sagittaria calycina Engelm. hairy lipfern hooded arrowhead Cheilanthes lindheimeri Hook. Sagittaria calycina Engelm. fairyswords var. calycina Cheilanthes tomentosa Link hooded arrowhead woolly lipfern

Hoagland, B.W. 24 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Hydrocharitaceae broadleaf arrowhead Egeria densa Planch. Brazilian waterweed Araceae Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott Liliaceae green dragon Allium canadense L. meadow garlic Callitrichaceae Allium canadense L. Callitriche heterophylla Pursh var. fraseri Ownbey twoheaded water-starwort Fraser meadow garlic Allium canadense L. Ceratophyllaceae var. hyacinthoides Ceratophyllum demersum L. (Bush) coon's tail Ownbey & Aase Commelinaceae hyacinth meadow Commelina erecta L. garlic whitemouth dayflower Allium canadense L. Commelina erecta L. var. mobilense var. angustifolia (Michx.) Fern. (Regel) Ownbey whitemouth dayflower meadow garlic Commelina erecta L. Allium drummondii Regel var. deamiana Fern. Drummond's onion whitemouth dayflower Allium stellatum Nutt. ex Commelina virginica L. Ker-Gawl. Virginia dayflower autumn onion Tradescantia ernestiana Androstephium E.S. Anderson & coeruleum (Scheele) Woods. Greene [orthographic Ernest's spiderwort variant] Tradescantia Camassia angusta occidentalis (Engelm. & Gray) Blank. (Britt.) Smyth prairie camas prairie spiderwort Camassia scilloides Tradescantia (Raf.) Cory occidentalis (Britt.) Atlantic camas Smyth Cooperia drummondii var. occidentalis Herbert evening prairie spiderwort rainlily Tradescantia ohiensis Erythronium albidum Raf. bluejacket Nutt. Tradescantia tharpii white fawnlily E.S. Anderson & Erythronium Woods. mesochoreum Knerr Tharp's spiderwort midland fawnlily

Hoagland, B.W. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 25 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Erythronium rostratum Alopecurus carolinianus W. Wolf Walt. yellow troutlily Carolina foxtail Nolina texana S. Wats. Andropogon gerardii Texas sacahuista Vitman Nothoscordum bivalve big bluestem (L.) Britt. Aristida curtissii crowpoison (Gray ex S. Wats. & Polygonatum biflorum Coult.) Nash (Walt.) Ell. Aristida dichotoma smooth Solomon's Michx. seal churchmouse Polygonatum biflorum threeawn (Walt.) Ell. Aristida dichotoma Michx. var. commutatum var. curtissii (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Gray ex S. Wats. & Coult. Morong smooth Curtis' threeawn Solomon's seal Aristida longispica Poir. Zigadenus nuttallii (Gray) var. longispica S. Wats. slimspike threeawn Nuttall's deathcamas Aristida oligantha Michx. prairie threeawn Najadaceae Aristida purpurascens Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Magnus Poir. southern waternymph arrowfeather threeawn Orchidaceae Aristida purpurea Nutt. Spiranthes cernua (L.) var. fendleriana L.C. Rich. (Steud.) Vasey nodding Fendler's threeawn ladies'-tresses Aristida purpurea Nutt. Spiranthes var. longiseta (Steud.) magnicamporum Vasey Sheviak Fendler threeawn Great Plains Bothriochloa barbinodis ladies'-tresses (Lag.) Herter Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & Gray cane bluestem spring ladies'-tresses Bothriochloa ischaemum Poaceae (L.) Keng Aegilops cylindrica Host yellow bluestem jointed goatgrass Bothriochloa Agropyron smithii Rydb. saccharoides Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) (Sw.) Rydb. B.S.P. silver bluestem winter bentgrass Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag.

Hoagland, B.W. 26 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

ex Griffiths Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) blue grama Gould & C.A. Clark Bouteloua hirsuta Lag. tapered rosette grass hairy grama Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Bouteloua pectinata Gould & C.A. Clark Featherly var. fasciculatum Bouteloua rigidiseta (Torr.) Freckmann (Steud.) western panicgrass A.S. Hitchc. Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Texas grama Gould & C.A. Clark Bromus catharticus Vahl var. lindheimeri rescuegrass (Nash) Gould & C.A. Clark Bromus commutatus Lindheimer panicgrass Schrad. Dichanthelium linearifolium meadow brome (Scribn. ex Nash) Gould Bromus japonicus Thunb. slimleaf panicgrass ex Murr. Dichanthelium malacophyllum Japanese brome (Nash) Gould Bromus pubescens Muhl. softleaf rosette grass ex Willd. Dichanthelium oligosanthes hairy woodland brome (J.A. Schultes) Gould Heller's Bromus tectorum L. rosette grass cheatgrass Dichanthelium oligosanthes Buchloe dactyloides (J.A. Schultes) Gould (Nutt.) Engelm. var. scribnerianum (Nash) Gould buffalograss Scribner's rosette grass Cenchrus incertus M.A. Digitaria californica (Benth.) Henr. Curtis Arizona cottontop Cenchrus longispinus Digitaria cognata (Hack.) Fern. (J.A. Schultes) Pilger mat sandbur Carolina crabgrass Chasmanthium latifolium Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) (Michx.) Yates Schreb. ex Muhl. Indian woodoats smooth crabgrass Chloris verticillata Nutt. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. tumble windmill grass hairy crabgrass Chloris virgata Sw. Echinochloa colona (L.) Link feather fingergrass jungle rice Cinna arundinacea L. Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. sweet woodreed barnyardgrass Cynodon dactylon (L.) Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. Pers. barnyardgrass Bermudagrass Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Dactylis glomerata L. Indian goosegrass orchardgrass Eragrostis barrelieri Daveau Mediterranean lovegrass

Hoagland, B.W. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 27 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Eragrostis capillaris (L.) Nees Leptochloa mucronata (Michx.) lace grass Kunth Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign. Melica nitens (Scribn.) Nutt. ex Piper ex Janchen threeflower melicgrass stinkgrass Muhlenbergia racemosa Eragrostis curtipedicellata Buckl. (Michx.) B.S.P. gummy lovegrass marsh muhly Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees Muhlenbergia sobolifera weeping lovegrass (Muhl. ex Willd.) Trin. Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B.S.P. rock muhly teal lovegrass Panicum anceps Michx Eragrostis intermedia A.S. Hitchc. beaked panicgrass plains lovegrass Panicum capillare L. Eragrostis pectinacea witchgrass (Michx.) Nees ex Steud. Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. tufted lovegrass fall panicgrass Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Panicum hallii Vasey Nees ex Steud. var. pectinacea Hall's panicgrass tufted lovegrass Panicum hillmanii Chase Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. Hillman's panicgrass Indian lovegrass Panicum obtusum Kunth Eragrostis reptans (Michx.) Nees vine mesquite Eragrostis secundiflora J. Presl Panicum virgatum L. red lovegrass switchgrass Eragrostis sessilispica Buckl. Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Löve tumble lovegrass western wheatgrass Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. Paspalidium geminatum purple lovegrass (Forsk.) Stapf Eragrostis trichodes (Nutt.) Wood Egyptian panicgrass sand lovegrass Paspalum distichum L. Eriochloa contracta A.S. Hitchc. knotgrass prairie cupgrass Paspalum pubiflorum Rupr. ex Eriochloa sericea (Scheele) Fourn. Munro ex Vasey hairyseed paspalum Texas cupgrass Paspalum pubiflorum Rupr. ex Erioneuron pilosum (Buckl.) Nash Fourn. hairy woollygrass var. glabrum Vasey ex Scribn. Festuca octoflora Walt. Paspalum setaceum Michx. Festuca subverticillata thin paspalum (Pers.) Alexeev Paspalum setaceum Michx. nodding fescue var. stramineum (Nash) D. Banks Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. Phalaris caroliniana Walt. rice cutgrass Carolina canarygrass Leersia virginica Willd. Poa annua L. whitegrass annual bluegrass Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.) Gray

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Poa arachnifera Torr. Potamogeton nodosus Poir. Texas bluegrass longleaf pondweed Poa compressa L. Potamogeton pusillus L. Canada bluegrass small pondweed Schedonnardus paniculatus Potamogeton pusillus L. ssp. (Nutt.) Trel. pusillus tumblegrass small pondweed Schizachyrium scoparium Potamogeton pusillus L. (Michx.) Nash var. tenuissimus Mert. & Koch little bluestem Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. Typhaceae Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Typha angustifolia L. Scribn. narrowleaf cattail prairie wedgescale Typha domingensis Pers. Sporobolus airoides (Torr.) Torr. southern cattail alkali sacaton Typha latifolia L. Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth broadleaf cattail Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth Zannichelliaceae var. drummondii (Trin.) Vasey Zannichellia palustris L. Sporobolus clandestinus (Biehler) horned pondweed A.S. Hitchc. rough dropseed Dicotyledonae Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray Acanthaceae sand dropseed Dicliptera brachiata (Pursh) Spreng. Sporobolus neglectus Nash branched foldwing puffsheath dropseed Justicia americana (L.) Vahl Sporobolus ozarkanus Fern. American water-willow Sporobolus pyramidatus (Lam.) Ruellia ciliosa Pursh. A.S. Hitchc. Ruellia humilis Nutt. Sporobolus vaginiflorus fringeleaf wild petunia (Torr. ex Gray) Wood Ruellia humilis Nutt. poverty dropseed var. expansa Fern. Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. Ruellia humilis Nutt. var. longiflora eastern gamagrass (Gray) Fern. Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Rydb. sixweeks fescue Aceraceae Acer negundo L. Potamogetonaceae boxelder Potamogeton amplifolius Tuckerman Acer negundo L. largeleaf pondweed var. interius (Britt.) Sarg. Potamogeton crispus L. boxelder curly pondweed Acer negundo L. var. texanum Pax Potamogeton diversifolius Raf. boxelder waterthread pondweed Acer saccharinum L. Potamogeton illinoensis Morong silver maple Illinois pondweed

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Acer saccharum Marsh. Chaerophyllum tainturieri Hook. sugar maple hairyfruit chervil Chaerophyllum tainturieri Hook. Amaranthaceae var. dasycarpum Hook. Amaranthus albus L. ex S. Wats. prostrate pigweed Chaerophyllum tainturieri Hook. Amaranthus arenicola I.M. Johnston var. tainturieri sandhill amaranth Chaerophyllum texanum Amaranthus graecizans L. Coult. & Rose Amaranthus hybridus L. Cicuta maculata L. slim amaranth spotted water hemlock Amaranthus retroflexus L. Conium maculatum L. redroot amaranth poison hemlock Amaranthus rudis Sauer Daucus carota L. tall amaranth Queen Anne's lace Froelichia floridana (Nutt.) Moq. Daucus pusillus Michx. plains snakecotton American wild carrot Froelichia gracilis (Hook.) Moq. Eryngium hookerii Walp. slender snakecotton Hooker's eryngo Gossypianthus lanuginosus Eryngium leavenworthii Torr. & Gray (Poir.) Moq. Leavenworth's eryngo woolly cottonflower Limnosciadium pinnatum (DC.) Gossypianthus lanuginosus (Poir.) Mathias & Constance Moq. var. lanuginosus tansy dogshade woolly cottonflower Lomatium daucifolium Iresine rhizomatosa Standl. (Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose Juda's bush Lomatium foeniculaceum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose ssp. daucifolium Anacardiaceae (Torr. & Gray) Theobald Rhus aromatica Ait. desert biscuitroot fragrant sumac Polytaenia nuttallii DC. Rhus aromatica Ait. var. serotina Nutall’s prairie parsley (Greene) Rehd. Sanicula canadensis L. fragrant sumac Canadian blacksnakeroot Rhus glabra L. Spermolepis divaricata smooth sumac (Walt.) Raf. ex Ser. Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. trilobata roughfruit scaleseed skunkbush sumac Spermolepis echinata Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze (Nutt. ex DC.) Heller eastern poison ivy bristly scaleseed Apiaceae Spermolepis inermis (Nutt. ex DC.) Ammoselinum popei Torr. & Gray Mathias & Constance plains sandparsley Red River scaleseed Chaerophyllum procumbens Spermolepis patens (L.) Crantz (Nutt. ex DC.) B.L. Robins. spreading chervil

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Torilis nodosa (L.) Gaertn. Matelea biflora (Raf.) Woods. knotted hedgeparsley star milkvine

Apocynaceae Asteraceae Amsonia ciliata Walt. Achillea millefolium L. fringed bluestar common yarrow Amsonia ciliata Walt. var. texana Achillea millefolium L. (Gray) Coult. var. occidentalis DC. Texas bluestar western yarrow Amsonia illustris Woods. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Ozark bluestar annual ragweed Apocynum cannabinum L. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. var. elatior Indianhemp (L.) Descourtils Apocynum cannabinum L. annual ragweed var. glaberrimum A. DC. Ambrosia psilostachya DC. Cuman Asclepiadaceae ragweed Asclepias asperula (Dcne.) Woods. Ambrosia trifida L. spider milkweed great ragweed Asclepias asperula (Dcne.) Woods. Ambrosia trifida L. ssp. capricornu (Woods.) Woods. var. texana Scheele antelopehorns Texan great ragweed Asclepias asperula (Dcne.) Woods. Amphiachyris dracunculoides var. decumbens (Nutt.) Shinners (DC.) Nutt. Asclepias engelmanniana Woods. prairie broomweed Engelmann's milkweed Antennaria parlinii Fern. ssp. fallax Asclepias pumila (Gray) Vail (Greene) Bayer & Stebbins plains milkweed Parlin's pussytoes Asclepias stenophylla Gray Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) slimleaf milkweed Richards. Asclepias sullivantii Engelm. ex Gray woman's tobacco prairie milkweed Aphanostephus pilosus Buckl. Asclepias tuberosa L. hairy dozedaisy butterfly milkweed Aphanostephus skirrhobasis Asclepias tuberosa L. (DC.) Trel. ssp. interior Woods. Arkansas dozedaisy butterfly milkweed Artemisia carruthii Wood ex Carruth. Asclepias verticillata L. Carruth's sagewort whorled milkweed Artemisia dracunculus L. Asclepias viridiflora Raf. tarragon green comet milkweed Artemisia filifolia Torr. Ascleias viridis Walt. sand sagebrush green antelopehorn Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. Asclepiodora decumbens (Nutt.) white sagebrush Gray

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Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. Chrysopsis stenophylla (Gray) ssp. ludoviciana Greene white sagebrush Chrysopsis villosa (Pursh) Nutt. Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. ex DC. ssp. mexicana Chrysopsis villosa (Pursh) Nutt. (Willd. ex Spreng.) Keck ex DC. var. stenophylla white sagebrush (Gray) Gray Artemisia neomexicana Cirsium altissimum (L.) Hill Greene ex Rydb. tall thistle Aster ericoides L. Cirsium ochrocentrum Gray Aster oblongifolius Nutt. yellowspine thistle Aster oblongifolius Nutt. Cirsium texanum Buckl. var. rigidulus Gray Texas thistle Aster ontarionis Wieg. Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. Aster patens Ait. wavyleaf thistle Aster patens Ait. var. patentissimus Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. (Lindl. ex DC.) Torr. & Gray var. megacephalum (Gray) Fern. Aster subulatus Michx. Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. Aster subulatus Michx. Canadian horseweed var. ligulatus Shinners Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. Astranthium integrifolium (Michx.) var. canadensis Nutt. ssp. ciliatum (Raf.) DeJong Canadian horseweed entireleaf western daisy Conyza ramosissima Cronq. Baccharis salicina Torr. & Gray dwarf horseweed Great Plains false willow Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex Bidens bipinnata L. Sweet Spanish needles largeflower tickseed Bidens frondosa L. Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex devil's beggartick Sweet Brickellia eupatorioides (L.) var. harveyana (Gray) Sherff Shinners var. chlorolepis largeflower tickseed (Woot. & Standl.) B.L. Turner Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex false boneset Sweet Brickellia eupatorioides (L.) var. longipes (Hook.) Torr. & Shinners var. corymbulosa Gray (Torr. & Gray) Shinners largeflower tickseed false boneset Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. Centaurea americana Nutt. golden tickseed American star-thistle Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. var. Chaetopappa asteroides Nutt. ex tinctoria DC. golden tickseed Arkansas leastdaisy Dracopis amplexicaulis (Vahl) Cass. Chrysopsis berlandieri Greene clasping coneflower Chrysopsis pilosa Nutt. Dysodiopsis tagetoides soft goldenaster (Torr. & Gray) Rydb. false dogfennel

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Dyssodia tagetoides Torr. & Gray Gutierrezia texana (DC.) Torr. & Echinacea angustifolia DC. Gray blacksamson echinacea var. texana Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench Texas snakeweed eastern purple coneflower Haplopappus ciliatus (Nutt.) DC. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Haplopappus divaricatus (Nutt.) false daisy Gray Elephantopus carolinianus Raeusch. Haplopappus spinulosus (Pursh) Carolina elephantsfoot DC. Engelmannia pinnatifida Gray ex Haplopappus spinulosus (Pursh) Nutt. DC. Erigeron canadensis L. ssp. australis (Greene) Hall Erigeron philadelphicus L. Haplopappus spinulosus (Pursh) Philadelphia fleabane DC. Erigeron ramosus (Walt.) B.S.P. ssp. cotulus (Small) Hall Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. Haplopappus spinulosus (Pursh) prairie fleabane DC. Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. ssp. glaberrimus (Rydb.) Hall var. strigosus Haplopappus spinulosus (Pursh) prairie fleabane DC. Erigeron tenuis Torr. & Gray var. turbinellus (Rydb.) Blake slenderleaf fleabane Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock Evax prolifera Nutt. ex DC. yellowdicks bighead pygmycudweed Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock Filago prolifera (Nutt. ex DC.) Britt., var. badium non Pomel (Gray ex S. Wats.) Waterfall Gaillardia lanceolata Michx. yellowdicks Gaillardia lutea Greene Helenium badium (Gray ex S. Wats.) Gaillardia pulchella Foug. Greene firewheel Helenium microcephalum DC. Gaillardia suavis (Gray & Engelm.) smallhead sneezeweed Britt. & Rusby Helianthus annuus L. perfumeballs common sunflower Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. Helianthus hirsutus Raf. Gnaphalium wrightii Gray hairy sunflower Grindelia nuda Wood var. nuda Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. curlytop gumweed Maximilian sunflower Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal Helianthus orgyalis DC. curlycup gumweed Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal prairie sunflower var. nuda (Wood) Gray Helianthus salicifolius A. Dietr. Gutierrezia dracunculoides willowleaf sunflower (DC.) Blake Heterotheca canescens Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) (DC.) Shinners Britt. & Rusby hoary false goldenaster broom snakeweed Heterotheca latifolia Buckl.

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Heterotheca latifolia Buckl. Lactuca canadensis L. var. macgregoris Wagenkn. var. latifolia Kuntze Heterotheca stenophylla Lactuca ludoviciana (Nutt.) Riddell (Gray) Shinners biannual lettuce stiffleaf false goldenaster Lactuca scariola L. var. integrata Heterotheca villosa (Pursh) Shinners Gren. & Godr. hairy false goldenaster Lactuca serriola L. Heterotheca villosa prickly lettuce var. villosa (Pursh) Shinners Liatris aspera Michx. hairy goldenaster tall blazing star Hieracium longipilum Torr. Liatris punctata Hook. hairy hawkweed dotted blazing star Hymenopappus corymbosus Liatris punctata Hook. Torr. & Gray var. nebraskana Gaiser Hymenopappus scabiosaeus L'Hér. Nebraska blazing star Carolina woollywhite Liatris scabra (Greene) K. Schum. Hymenopappus scabiosaeus L'Hér. Liatris squarrosa (L.) Michx. var. corymbosus (Torr. & Gray) scaly blazing star B.L. Turner Lindheimera texana Gray & Engelm. Carolina woollywhite Texas yellowstar Hymenopappus tenuifolius Pursh Machaeranthera annua Chalk Hill hymenopappus (Rydb.) Shinners Hymenoxys linearifolia Hook. Machaeranthera spinulosa Iva annua L. (Greene) Cory annual marshelder hoary tansyaster Iva annua L. var. annua Packera plattensis (Nutt.) annual marshelder W.A. Weber & A. Löve Krigia biflora (Walt.) Blake prairie groundsel twoflower dwarfdandelion Packera tampicana (DC.) C. Jeffrey Krigia caespitosa (Raf.) Chambers Great Plains ragwort weedy dwarfdandelion Palafoxia rosea (Bush) Cory Krigia cespitosa (Raf.) Chambers rosy palafox [orthographic variant] Palafoxia rosea (Bush) Cory Krigia dandelion (L.) Nutt. var. rosea potato dwarfdandelion rosy palafox Krigia occidentalis Nutt. Pluchea camphorata (L.) DC. western dwarfdandelion camphor pluchea Kuhnia eupatorioides L. Pluchea odorata (L.) Cass. false boneset var. odorata sweetscent Kuhnia eupatorioides L. Prenanthes altissima L. var. corymbulosa Torr. & Gray tall rattlesnakeroot Kuhnia glutosina Ell. Prionopsis ciliata (Nutt.) Nutt. false boneset Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus Lactuca canadensis L. (Nutt.) Nutt. Canada lettuce tuberous desert-chicory

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Rudbeckia hirta L. Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. ex Willd. blackeyed Susan var. microphylla Gray Rudbeckia hirta L. elmleaf goldenrod var. pulcherrima Farw. Sonchus asper (L.) Hill blackeyed Susan spiny sowthistle Rudbeckia hirta L. Taraxacum officinale var. serotina (Nutt.) Core G.H. Weber ex Wiggers Rudbeckia serotina Nutt. common dandelion Senecio plattensis Nutt. Tetraneuris acaulis (Pursh) Greene Silphium asperrimum Hook. stemless four-nerve daisy Silphium asteriscus L. Tetraneuris linearifolia starry rosinweed (Hook.) Greene Silphium laciniatum L. fineleaf fournerved daisy compassplant Thelesperma filifolium (Hook.) Gray Solidago arguta Ait. stiff greenthread Atlantic goldenrod Thelesperma filifolium (Hook.) Gray Solidago canadensis L. var. filifolium var. gilvocanescens Rydb. stiff greenthread shorthair goldenrod Thelesperma intermedium Rydb. Solidago delicatula Small Thelesperma trifidum (Poir.) Britt. Solidago gigantea Ait. Townsendia exscapa giant goldenrod (Richards.) Porter Solidago missouriensis Nutt. stemless Townsend daisy Missouri goldenrod Tragopogon dubius Scop. Solidago missouriensis Nutt. yellow salsify var. fasciculata Holz. Verbesina alternifolia (L.) Missouri goldenrod Britt. ex Kearney Solidago mollis Bartl. wingstem velvety goldenrod Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Solidago nemoralis Ait. Benth. & Hook. f. ex Gray gray goldenrod ssp. encelioides Solidago nemoralis Ait. golden crownbeard ssp. longipetiolata Verbesina virginica L. (Mackenzie & Bush) white crownbeard G.W. Douglas Vernonia baldwinii Torr. Solidago petiolaris Ait. Baldwin's ironweed downy ragged goldenrod Vernonia baldwinii Torr. Solidago petiolaris Ait. ssp. interior (Small) Faust var. petiolaris interior ironweed downy ragged goldenrod Vernonia interior Small Solidago rigida L. Vernonia missurica Raf. Solidago speciosa Nutt. Missouri ironweed var. rigidiuscula Torr. & Gray Xanthisma texanum DC. showy goldenrod Texas sleepydaisy Xanthisma texanum DC. ssp. drummondii

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(Torr. & Gray) Semple Chorispora tenella (Pallas) DC. Drummond's sleepydaisy crossflower Xanthisma texanum DC. Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. var. drummondii ssp. brachycarpa (Torr. & Gray) Gray (Richards.) Detling Xanthium strumarium L. western tansymustard rough cockleburr Draba brachycarpa Nutt. Xanthium strumarium L. ex Torr. & Gray var. canadense (P. Mill.) shortpod draba Torr. & Gray Draba cuneifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & Canada Cocklebur Gray wedgeleaf draba Bignoniaceae Draba cuneifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. Gray ex Bureau var. cuneifolia trumpet creeper wedgeleaf draba Catalpa bignonioides Walt. Draba cuneifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & southern catalpa Gray Catalpa speciosa (Warder) var. helleri (Small) O.E. Schulz Warder ex Engelm. Draba platycarpa Torr. & Gray northern catalpa broadpod draba Draba reptans (Lam.) Fern. Boraginaceae Carolina draba Heliotropium tenellum (Nutt.) Torr. Erysimum asperum (Nutt.) DC. pasture heliotrope Erysimum asperum (Nutt.) DC. Lithospermum incisum Lehm. var. arkansanum (Nutt.) Gray narrowleaf stoneseed Erysimum capitatum (Dougl. ex Myosotis verna Nutt. Hook.) Greene spring forget-me-not sanddune wallflower Onosmodium molle Erysimum capitatum Michx. ssp. occidentale (Dougl. ex Hook.) (Mackenzie) Cochrane Greene var. capitatum western marbleseed sanddune wallflower Brassicaceae Erysimum repandum L. Arabis fendleri (S. Wats.) Greene spreading wallflower Fendler's rockcress Lepidium austrinum Small Arabis laevigata southern pepperwort (Muhl. ex Willd.) Poir. Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. smooth rockcress common pepperweed Arabis missouriensis Greene Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. green rockcress var. densiflorum Camelina microcarpa DC. common pepperweed littlepod false flax Lepidium oblongum Small Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. veiny pepperweed shepherd's purse Lepidium virginicum L. Virginia pepperweed

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Lepidium virginicum L. var. baileyi (Rose) N.P. Taylor var. medium (Greene) C.L. Bailey's hedgehog cactus Hitchc. Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck medium pepperweed cactus apple Lesquerella auriculata Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. (Engelm. & Gray) S. Wats. devil's-tongue earleaf bladderpod Lesquerella gordonii (Gray) S. Wats. Campanulaceae Gordon's bladderpod Lobelia appendiculata A. DC. Lesquerella gracilis (Hook.) S. Wats. pale lobelia spreading bladderpod Lobelia cardinalis L. Lesquerella gracilis (Hook.) S. Wats. cardinalflower ssp. nuttallii Lobelia cardinalis L. (Torr. & Gray) Rollins & Shaw ssp. graminea (Lam.) McVaugh Nuttall's bladderpod Triodanis leptocarpa (Nutt.) Nieuwl. Lesquerella ovalifolia Rydb. slimpod Venus' looking-glass ex Britt. Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. roundleaf bladderpod var. biflora (Ruiz & Pavón) Lesquerella ovalifolia Rydb. ex Britt. Bradley ssp. alba (Goodman) clasping Venus' looking-glass Rollins & Shaw Capparaceae roundleaf bladderpod Cleome serrulata Pursh Nasturtium officinale Ait. f. Rocky Mountain beeplant Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Cleomella angustifolia Torr. Hayek narrowleaf rhombopod watercress Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. Rorippa palustris (L.) Bess. redwhisker clammyweed bog yellowcress Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. Rorippa sessiliflora (Nutt.) ssp.trachysperma A.S.Hitchc. (Torr. & Gray) Iltis stalkless yellowcress sandyseed clammyweed Sibara virginica (L.) RollinsVirginia winged rockcress Caprifoliaceae Lonicera albiflora Torr. & Gray

Cactaceae western Echinocereus baileyi Rose white honeysuckle Echinocereus reichenbachii Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Terscheck ex Walp.) Haage f. Japanese honeysuckle lace hedgehog cactus Sambucus nigra L. ssp. Canadensis Echinocereus reichenbachii (L.) R. Bolli (Terscheck ex Walp.) Haage f. common elderberry var. albispinus (Lahman) Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench L. Benson coralberry Echinocereus reichenbachii Viburnum rufidulum Raf. (Terscheck ex Walp.) Haage f. rusty blackhaw

Hoagland, B.W. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 37 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Caryophyllaceae Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. Cerastium brachypodum Mexican-fireweed (Engelm. ex Gray) B.L. Robins. Salsola kali L. shortstalk chickweed prickly Russian thistle Cerastium glomeratum Thuill. Salsola kali L. ssp. tragus (L.) Celak. sticky chickweed Minuartia michauxii (Fenzl) Farw. Cistaceae Michaux's stitchwort Lechea tenuifolia Michx. Minuartia michauxii (Fenzl) Farw. narrowleaf pinweed var. texana (B.L. Robins.) Mattf. Clusiaceae Texas stitchwort Hypericum drummondii (Grev. & Minuartia patula (Michx.) Mattf. Hook.) pitcher's stitchwort Torr. & Gray Minuartia patula nits and lice var. patula (Michx.) Mattf. Hypericum mutilum L. Paronychia jamesii Torr. & Gray dwarf St. Johnswort James' nailwort Paronychia virginica Spreng. Convolvulaceae yellow nailwort Convolvulus arvensis L. Sagina decumbens (Ell.) Torr. & field bindweed Gray Convolvulus equitans Benth. trailing pearlwort Texas bindweed Silene antirrhina L. Convolvulus incanus auct. non Vahl sleepy silene Evolvulus nuttallianus J.A. Schultes shaggy dwarf morning-glory

Celastraceae Evolvulus pilosus Nutt. Celastrus scandens L. Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Mey. American bittersweet man of the earth Euonymus atropurpurea Jacq. Ipomoea shumardiana eastern wahoo (Torr.) Shinners Chenopodiaceae narrowleaf morning-glory Chenopodium album L. Cornaceae lambsquarters Cornus drummondii C.A. Mey. Chenopodium ambrosioides L. roughleaf dogwood Mexican tea Chenopodium leptophyllum (Moq.) Crassulaceae Nutt. ex S. Wats. Sedum nuttallianum Raf. narrowleaf goosefoot yellow stonecrop Chenopodium pratericola Rydb. desert goosefoot Cucurbitaceae Chenopodium simplex (Torr.) Raf. Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth mapleleaf goosefoot Missouri gourd Chenopodium standleyanum Aellen Cyclanthera dissecta Standley's goosefoot (Torr. & Gray) Arn. cutleaf cyclanthera

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Ibervillea lindheimeri (Gray) Greene Carex gravida Bailey Lindheimer's globeberry heavy sedge Melothria pendula L. Carex gravida Bailey var. lunelliana Guadeloupe cucumber (Mackenzie) F.J. Herm. heavy sedge Cuscutaceae Carex grisea Wahlenb. Cuscuta glabrior (Engelm.) Yuncker Carex joorii Bailey var. pubescens (Engelm.) cypress swamp sedge Yuncker Carex muehlenbergii Schkuhr Cuscuta gronovii Willd. ex J.A. ex Willd. var. enervis Boott Schultes Muhlenberg's sedge scaldweed Carex muehlenbergii Schkuhr Cuscuta indecora Choisy ex Willd. var. muehlenbergii bigseed alfalfa dodder Muhlenberg's sedge Cuscuta indecora Choisy Carex tetrastachya Scheele var. indecora Britton's sedge bigseed alfalfa dodder Carex umbellata Schkukr ex Willd. Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. parasol sedge fiveangled dodder Carex vulpinoidea Michx. Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. fox sedge var. pentagona Cyperus acuminatus Torr. & Hook. fiveangled dodder ex Torr. Cyperaceae tapertip flatsedge Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla Cyperus echinatus (L.) Wood Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) globe flatsedge Kunth ex C.B. Clarke Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. densetuft hairsedge redroot flatsedge Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) Kunth Cyperus esculentus L. ex C.B. Clarke ssp. capillaries chufa flatsedge densetuft hairsedge Cyperus ferax L.C. Rich. Carex albicans Willd. ex Spreng. Cyperus filiculmis auct. non Vahl var. albicans Cyperus hallii Britt. whitetinge sedge Cyperus lupulinus (Spreng.) Marcks Carex austrina Mackenzie ssp. lupulinus southern sedge Great Plains flatsedge Carex blanda Dewey Cyperus odoratus L. eastern woodland sedge fragrant flatsedge Carex brevior (Dewey) Mackenzie Cyperus ovularis (Michx.) Torr. shortbeak sedge Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud. Carex emoryi Dewey marsh flatsedge Emory's sedge Cyperus schweinitzii Torr. Carex fissa Mackenzie Schweinitz's flatsedge hammock sedge Cyperus setigerus Torr. & Hook. Carex frankii Kunth Frank's sedge lean flatsedge Carex granularis Muhl. ex Willd. Cyperus squarrosus L. limestone meadow sedge bearded flatsedge

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Cyperus strigosus L. Lipocarpha drummondii (Nees) strawcolored flatsedge G. Tucker Eleocharis acutisquamata Buckl. Drummond's halfchaff sedge sharpscale spikerush Lipocarpha micrantha (Vahl) Eleocharis atropurpurea G. Tucker (Retz.) J. &. K. Presl. smallflower halfchaff sedge purple spikerush Schoenoplectus acutus (Muhl. Eleocharis compressa Sullivant ex Bigelow) A.& D. Löve flatstem spikerush var. acutus Eleocharis engelmannii Steud. hardstem bulrush Engelmann's spikerush Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Eleocharis erythropoda Steud. Volk. ex Schinz & R. Keller bald spikerush chairmaker's bulrush Eleocharis montevidensis Kunth Schoenoplectus hallii (Gray) S.G. sand spikerush Sm. Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) Hall's bulrush J.A. Schultes Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) blunt spikerush Palla Eleocharis palustris (L.) common threesquare Roemer & J.A. Schultes Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani common spikerush (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Eleocharis parvula softstem bulrush (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Scirpus americanus Pers. Link ex Bluff, Nees & Schauer Scirpus atrovirens Willd. dwarf spikerush green bulrush Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Scirpus lineatus Michx. Roemer & J.A. Schultes rusty bulrush, drooping bulrush squarestem spikerush Scirpus pallidus (Britt.) Fern. Fimbristylis puberula (Michx.) Vahl cloaked bulrush hairy fimbry Scirpus pendulus Muhl. Fimbristylis puberula (Michx.) Vahl rufous bulrush var. puberula Scleria ciliata Michx. hairy fimbry fringed nutrush Fimbristylis spadicea auct. Scleria pauciflora Muhl. ex Willd. non (L.) Vahl. fewflower nutrush Fimbristylis vahlii (Lam.) Link Vahl's fimbry Ebenaceae Fuirena simplex Vahl Diospyros virginiana L. western umbrella-sedge common persimmon Hemicarpha aristulata (Coville) Elatinaceae Smyth Bergia texana (Hook.) Seub. ex Hemicarpha drummondii Nees Walp. Hemicarpha micrantha (Vahl) Pax Texas bergia Lipocarpha aristulata (Coville) G. Tucker awned halfchaff sedge

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Euphorbiaceae Croton lindheimerianus Scheele Acalypha gracilens Gray threeseed croton var. monococca Engelm. ex Gray Croton monanthogynus Michx. Acalypha monococca prairie tea (Engelm. ex Gray) L. Croton texensis (Klotzsch) Mill. &Gandhi Muell.-Arg. slender threeseed mercury Texas croton Acalypha ostryifolia Riddell Euphorbia chamaesyce auct. non L. pineland threeseed mercury Euphorbia corollata L. Acalypha virginica L. flowering spurge Virginia threeseed mercury Euphorbia cyathophora Murr. Argythamnia mercurialina fire on the mountain (Nutt.) Muell.-Arg. Euphorbia dentata Michx. tall silverbush toothed spurge Argythamnia mercurialina (Nutt.) Euphorbia lata Engelm. Muell.-Arg. var. mercurialina Euphorbia longicruris Scheele tall silverbush wedgeleaf spurge Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small Euphorbia maculata L. spotted sandmat Euphorbia marginata Pursh Chamaesyce missurica snow on the mountain (Raf.) Shinners Euphorbia missurica Raf. prairie sandmat Euphorbia nutans Lag. Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small Euphorbia serpens Kunth eyebane Euphorbia spathulata Lam. Chamaesyce prostrata (Ait.) Small warty spurge prostrate sandmat Euphorbia supina Raf. Chamaesyce serpens (Kunth) Small Phyllanthus abnormis Baill. matted sandmat Drummond's leaf-flower Cnidoscolus texanus Phyllanthus abnormis Baill. (Muell.-Arg.) Small var. abnormis Texas bullnettle Drummond's leaf-flower Croton capitatus Michx. Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt. hogwort Carolina leaf-flower Croton capitatus Michx. var. Phyllanthus polygonoides capitatus Nutt. ex Spreng. hogwort smartweed leaf-flower Croton capitatus Michx. Stillingia sylvatica Garden ex L. var. lindheimeri queen's-delight (Engelm. & Gray) Muell.-Arg. Tragia ramosa Torr. Lindheimer's hogwort branched noseburn Croton glandulosus L. vente conmigo Fabaceae Croton glandulosus L. Acacia angustissima (P. Mill.) var. septentrionalis Muell.-Arg. Kuntze vente conmigo var. hirta (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. prairie acacia

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Amorpha canescens Pursh Chamaecrista fasciculata leadplant (Michx.) Greene Amorpha fruticosa L. sleepingplant desert false indigo Clitoria mariana L. Apios americana Medik. Atlantic pigeonwings groundnut Crotalaria sagittalis L. Astragalus caryocarpus Ker-Gawl. arrowhead rattlebox Astragalus crassicarpus Dalea aurea Nutt. ex Pursh Nutt. var. crassicarpus golden prairie clover groundplum milkvetch Dalea candida Michx. ex Willd. Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt. white prairie clover var. trichocalyx (Nutt.) Barneby Dalea candida Michx. ex Willd. groundplum milkvetch var. candida Astragalus distortus Torr. & Gray white prairie clover Ozark milkvetch Dalea candida Michx. ex Willd. Astragalus lindheimeri Engelm. var. oligophylla (Torr.) Shinners ex Gray white prairie clover Lindheimer's milkvetch Dalea enneandra Nutt. Astragalus nuttallianus DC. nineanther prairie clover var. nuttallianus Dalea frutescens Gray smallflowered milkvetch black prairie clover Astragalus plattensis Nutt. Platte Dalea multiflora (Nutt.) Shinners River milkvetch roundhead prairie clover Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. f. Dalea purpurea Vent. blue wild indigo violet prairie clover Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. f. Dalea purpurea Vent. var. purpurea var. minor (Lehm.) Fern. violet prairie clover blue wild indigo Dalea tenuifolia (Gray) Shinners Baptisia bracteata Muhl. ex Ell. slimleaf prairie clover longbract wild indigo Dalea villosa (Nutt.) Spreng. Baptisia bracteata Muhl. ex Ell. var. villosa var. glabrescens (Larisey) Isely silky prairie clover Baptisia bracteata Muhl. Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) ex Ell. var. leucophaea (Nutt.) MacM. ex B.L. Robins. & Fern. Kartesz & Gandhi prairie bundleflower longbract wild indigo Desmanthus leptolobus Torr. & Gray Baptisia leucophaea Nutt. slenderlobe bundleflower Baptisia sphaerocarpa Nutt. Desmodium canescens (L.) DC. yellow wild indigo hoary ticktrefoil Baptisia Vent. Desmodium ciliare wild indigo (Muhl. ex Willd.) DC. Cassia fasciculata Michx. hairy small-leaf ticktrefoil Cassia marilandica L. Desmodium dillenii Darl. p.p. Cercis canadensis L. Desmodium glutinosum eastern redbud (Muhl. ex Willd.) Wood pointedleaf ticktrefoil

Hoagland, B.W. 42 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Desmodium illinoense Gray Lotus unifoliolatus (Hook.) Benth. Illinois ticktrefoil var. unifoliolatus Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC. American bird's-foot trefoil nakedflower ticktrefoil Lupinus texensis Hook. Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. Texas lupine panicledleaf ticktrefoil Medicago minima (L.) L. Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. Bur medick var. paniculatum Medicago sativa L. panicledleaf ticktrefoil alfalfa Desmodium sessilifolium (Torr.) Melilotus albus Torr. & Gray Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. sessileleaf ticktrefoil yellow sweetclover Desmodium tweedyi Britt. Mimosa nuttallii (DC.) B.L. Turner Tweedy's ticktrefoil Nuttall's sensitive-briar Desmodium viridiflorum (L.) DC. Neptunia lutea (Leavenworth) Benth. velvetleaf ticktrefoil yellow puff Galactia volubilis (L.) Britt. Oxytropis lambertii Pursh downy milkpea purple locoweed Gleditsia triacanthos L. Oxytropis lambertii Pursh honeylocust var. articulata Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch (Greene) Barneby Kentucky coffeetree purple locoweed Hoffmannseggia glauca Oxytropis lambertii Pursh (Ortega) Eifert var. lambertii Indian rushpea purple locoweed Hosackia americana (Nutt.) Piper Pediomelum cuspidatum Indigofera miniata Ortega (Pursh) Rydb. coastal indigo largebract Indian breadroot Indigofera miniata Ortega Pediomelum esculentum var. leptosepala (Pursh) Rydb. (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) B.L. large Indian breadroot Turner Pediomelum linearifolium western indigo (Torr. & Gray) J. Grimes Lespedeza capitata Michx. narrowleaf Indian breadroot roundhead lespedeza Petalostemon occidentalis Lespedeza intermedia (Heller) Fern. sensu Clewell, 1966 Petalostemon purpureus Lespedeza procumbens Michx. (Vent.) Rydb. trailing lespedeza Prosopis glandulosa Torr. Lespedeza repens (L.) W. Bart. honey mesquite creeping lespedeza Prosopis glandulosa Torr. Lespedeza virginica (L.) Britt. var. glandulosa slender lespedeza honey mesquite Lotus purshianus Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. F. E. & E. S. Clements var. glandulosa (Torr.) Cockerell Psoralea argophylla Pursh

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Psoralea cuspidata Pursh Fagaceae Psoralea esculenta Pursh Quercus buckleyi Nixon & Dorr Psoralea linearifolia Torr. & Gray Buckley oak Psoralea tenuiflora Pursh Quercus fusiformis Small Psoralidium lanceolatum plateau oak (Pursh) Rydb. Quercus macrocarpa Michx. lemon scurfpea bur oak Psoralidium tenuiflorum Quercus marilandica Muench. (Pursh) Rydb. blackjack oak slimflower scurfpea Quercus mohriana Buckl. ex Rydb. Robinia pseudoacacia L. Mohr oak black locust Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. Schrankia uncinata Willd. chinkapin oak Senna marilandica (L.) Link Quercus shumardii Buckl. Maryland senna Shumard's oak Sophora affinis Torr. & Gray Quercus stellata Wangenh. Eve's necklacepod post oak Strophostyles helvula (L.) Ell. Quercus velutina Lam. trailing fuzzybean black oak Strophostyles leiosperma (Torr. & Gray) Piper Fumariaceae slickseed fuzzybean Corydalis aurea Willd. Tephrosia onobrychoides Nutt. scrambled eggs multibloom hoarypea Corydalis aurea Willd. Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers. ssp. occidentalis Virginia tephrosia (Engelm. ex Gray) G.B. Ownbey Trifolium dubium Sibthorp Corydalis curvisiliqua Engelm. suckling clover curvepod fumewort Trifolium reflexum L. Corydalis curvisiliqua Engelm. buffalo clover ssp. grandibracteata Trifolium repens L. (Fedde) G.B. Ownbey white clover curvepod fumewort Vicia americana Muhl. ex Willd. Corydalis micrantha ssp. minor (Hook.) C.R. Gunn (Engelm. ex Gray) Gray mat vetch smallflower fumewort Vicia caroliniana Walt. Corydalis micrantha Carolina vetch (Engelm. ex Gray) Vicia ludoviciana Nutt. Gray ssp. micrantha Louisiana vetch smallflower fumewort Vicia ludoviciana Nutt. Gentianaceae ssp. ludoviciana Centaurium texense (Griseb.) Fern. Louisiana vetch Lady Bird's centaury Vicia ludoviciana Nutt. var. texana Eustoma russellianum (Hook.) G. (Torr. & Gray) Shinners Don Vicia texana (Torr. & Gray) Small

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Sabatia campestris Nutt. Phacelia strictiflora Texas star (Engelm. & Gray) Gray prairie phacelia Geraniaceae Phacelia strictiflora (Engelm. & Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Hér. ex Ait. Gray) redstem stork's bill Gray var. lundelliana Constance Geranium carolinianum L. Lundell's phacelia Carolina geranium Iridaceae Grossulariaceae Nemastylis geminiflora Nutt. Ribes aureum Pursh prairie pleatleaf var. villosum DC. Sisyrinchium angustifolium P. Mill. golden currant narrowleaf blue-eyed grass Sisyrinchium campestre Bickn. Haloragaceae prairie blue-eyed grass Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. Isoetaceae parrot feather watermilfoil Isoetes melanopoda Gay & Durieu Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. ex Durieu twoleaf watermilfoil blackfoot quillwort Myriophyllum pinnatum (Walt.) B.S.P. Juglandaceae cutleaf watermilfoil Carya cordiformis Myriophyllum sibiricum Komarov (Wangenh.) K. Koch shortspike watermilfoil bitternut hickory Myriophyllum spicatum L. Carya illinoinensis spike watermilfoil (Wangenh.) K. Koch Myriophyllum spicatum L. pecan var. exalbescens (Fern.) Jepson Juglans microcarpa Berl. little walnut Hippocastanaceae Juglans nigra L. Aesculus glabra Willd. black walnut Ohio buckeye Aesculus glabra Willd. var. arguta Juncaceae (Buckl.) B.L. Robins. Juncus acuminatus Michx. Ohio buckeye tapertip rush Juncus aristulatus Michx. Hydrophyllaceae Juncus brachycarpus Engelm. Ellisia nyctelea (L.) L. whiteroot rush Aunt Lucy Juncus diffusissimus Buckl. Nama hispidum Gray slimpod rush bristly nama Juncus dudleyi Wieg. Nemophila phacelioides Nutt. Dudley's rush largeflower baby blue eyes Juncus interior Wieg. Phacelia congesta Hook. inland rush caterpillars Juncus marginatus Rostk. grassleaf rush

Hoagland, B.W. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 45 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Juncus marginatus Rostk. Prunella vulgaris L. var. setosus Coville common selfheal Juncus nodatus Coville Salvia azurea Michx. ex Lam. stout rush azure blue sage Juncus scirpoides Lam. Scutellaria drummondii Benth. needlepod rush Drummond's skullcap Juncus secundus Beauv. ex Poir. Scutellaria ovata Hill lopsided rush heartleaf skullcap Juncus tenuis Willd. Scutellaria wrightii Gray poverty rush Wright's skullcap Juncus torreyi Coville Teucrium canadense L. Torrey's rush Canada germander Teucrium canadense L. Krameriaceae var. occidentale Krameria lanceolata Torr. (Gray) McClintock & Epling trailing krameria western germander Teucrium canadense L. Lamiaceae var. virginicum (L.) Eat. Hedeoma hispida Pursh Teucrium laciniatum Torr. rough false pennyroyal lacy germander Hedeoma reverchonii (Gray) Gray Reverchon's false pennyroyal Lentibulariaceae Lamium amplexicaule L. Utricularia gibba L. henbit deadnettle humped bladderwort Lycopus americanus Muhl. ex W. Bart. Linaceae American water horehound Linum berlandieri Hook. Lycopus americanus Muhl. var. berlandieri ex W. Bart. Berlandier's yellow flax var. scabrifolius Fern. Linum hudsonioides Planch. Mentha spicata L. Texas flax spearmint Linum imbricatum (Raf.) Monarda citriodora Cerv. ex Lag. Shinners tufted flax lemon beebalm Linum lewisii Pursh Monarda clinopodioides Gray prairie flax basil beebalm Linum pratense (J.B.S. Norton) Monarda dispersa Small Small Monarda fistulosa L. meadow flax wild bergamot Linum rigidum Pursh Monarda mollis L. stiffstem flax Monarda pectinata Nutt. Linum rigidum Pursh pony beebalm var. berlandieri (Hook.) Monarda punctata L. Torr. & Gray spotted beebalm Linum rigidum Pursh var. rigidum Nepeta cataria L. stiffstem flax catnip

Hoagland, B.W. 46 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Linum sulcatum Riddell Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & Gray) grooved flax Gray var. involucrata Linum sulcatum Riddell var. purple poppymallow sulcatum Callirhoe leiocarpa R.F. Martin grooved flax tall poppymallow Callirhoe pedata Loasaceae (Nutt. ex Hook.) Gray Mentzelia albescens palmleaf poppymallow (Gillies & Arn.) Griseb. Hibiscus trionum L. wavyleaf blazingstar flower of an hour Mentzelia decapetala Sida spinosa L. (Pursh ex Sims) prickly fanpetals Urban & Gilg ex Gilg Sphaeralcea coccinea (Nutt.) Rydb. tenpetal blazingstar scarlet globemallow Mentzelia oligosperma Nutt. ex Sims Sphaeralcea coccinea (Nutt.)Rydb. chickenthief ssp. coccinea Mentzelia reverchonii (Urban & Gilg) scarlet globemallow H.J. Thompson & Zavortink Reverchon's blazingstar Menispermaceae Cocculus carolinus (L.) DC. Lythraceae Carolina coralbead Ammannia auriculata Willd. Menispermum canadense L. eared redstem common moonseed Ammannia coccinea Rottb. valley redstem Molluginaceae Ammannia robusta Heer & Regel Mollugo verticillata L. grand redstem green carpetweed Lythrum alatum Pursh winged lythrum Moraceae Lythrum alatum Pursh Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneid. var. lanceolatum (Ell.) osage orange Torr. & Gray ex Rothrock Morus alba L. Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne white mulberry lowland rotala Morus rubra L. red mulberry Malvaceae Abutilon incanum (Link) Sweet Nelumbonaceae pelotazo Nelumbo lutea Willd. Callirhoe alcaeoides (Michx.) Gray American lotus light poppymallow Nyctaginaceae Callirhoe digitata Nutt. Mirabilis albida (Walt.) Heimerl winecup white four o'clock Callirhoe involucrata Mirabilis glabra (S. Wats.) Standl. (Torr. & Gray) Gray smooth four o'clock purple poppymallow Mirabilis hirsuta (Pursh) MacM. hairy four o'clock

Hoagland, B.W. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 47 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Mirabilis linearis (Pursh) Heimerl Ludwigia palustris (L.) Ell. narrowleaf four o'clock marsh seedbox Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacM. Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) Raven heartleaf four o'clock ssp. glabrescens (Kunze) Raven floating primrose-willow Nymphaeaceae Ludwigia repens J.R. Forst. Nymphaea odorata Ait. creeping primrose-willow American white waterlily Oenothera biennis L. common evening-primrose Oleaceae Oenothera grandis (Britt.) Smyth Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. showy evening-primrose green ash Oenothera laciniata Hill Onagraceae cutleaf evening-primrose Calylophus berlandieri Spach Oenothera linifolia Nutt. Berlandier's sundrops threadleaf evening-primrose Calylophus berlandieri Spach Oenothera macrocarpa Nutt. ssp. pinifolius ssp. incana (Gray) Wagner (Engelm. ex Gray) Towner bigfruit evening-primrose Berlandier's sundrops Oenothera macrocarpa Nutt. Calylophus hartwegii (Benth.) Raven ssp. macrocarpa ssp. pubescens (Gray) bigfruit evening-primrose Towner & Raven Oenothera speciosa Nutt. Hartweg's sundrops pinkladies Calylophus serrulatus (Nutt.) Raven Oenothera triloba Nutt. yellow sundrops stemless evening-primrose Gaura coccinea Nutt. ex Pursh Stenosiphon linifolius scarlet beeblossom (Nutt. ex James) Heynh. Gaura longiflora Spach false gaura longflower beeblossom

Gaura parviflora Dougl. ex Lehm. Oxalidaceae Oxalis corniculata L. Gaura sinuata Nutt. ex Ser. creeping woodsorrel wavyleaf beeblossom Oxalis dillenii Jacq. Gaura suffulta Engelm. ex Gray Oxalis stricta L. kisses common yellow oxalis Gaura suffulta Engelm. ex Gray Oxalis violacea L. ssp. suffulta violet woodsorrel kisses Gaura triangulata Buckl. Papaveraceae prairie beeblossom Argemone polyanthemos Jussiaea diffusa auct. non Forsk. (Fedde) G.B. Ownbey Jussiaea repens L. crested prickly poppy var. glabrescens Kuntze Papaver dubium L. Ludwigia alternifolia L. blindeyes seedbox Ludwigia decurrens Walt. wingleaf primrose-willow

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Passifloraceae Phlox longipilosa Waterfall Passiflora lutea L. longhair phlox yellow passionflower Polygalaceae Pedaliaceae Polygala alba Nutt. Proboscidea louisianica white milkwort (P. Mill.) Thellung Polygala verticillata L. ram's horn whorled milkwort Polygala verticillata L. Phytolaccaceae var. isocycla Fern. Phytolacca americana L. whorled milkwort American pokeweed Rivina humilis L. Polygonaceae rougeplant Eriogonum annuum Nutt. annual buckwheat Plantaginaceae Eriogonum longifolium Nutt. Plantago aristata Michx. longleaf buckwheat largebracted plantain Eriogonum longifolium Nutt. Plantago elongata Pursh var. longifolium prairie plantain longleaf buckwheat Plantago major L. Persicaria punctata (Ell.) Small common plantain Polygonum amphibium L. Plantago patagonica Jacq. var. emersum Michx. woolly plantain longroot smartweed Plantago pusilla Nutt. Polygonum aviculare L. dwarf plantain prostrate knotweed Plantago rhodosperma Dcne. Polygonum bicorne Raf. redseed plantain Polygonum convolvulus L. Plantago rugelii Dcne. black bindweed blackseed plantain Polygonum hydropiper L. Plantago virginica L. marshpepper knotweed Virginia plantain Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. Plantago wrightiana Dcne. swamp smartweed Wright's plantain Polygonum lapathifolium L. curlytop knotweed Platanaceae Polygonum pensylvanicum L. Platanus occidentalis L. Pennsylvania smartweed American sycamore Polygonum persicaria L. Polemoniaceae spotted ladysthumb Gilia aggregata (Pursh) Spreng. Polygonum punctatum Ell. ssp. formosissima dotted smartweed (Greene) Wherry Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. Gilia rubra (L.) Heller bushy knotweed Ipomopsis rubra (L.) Wherry Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. standing-cypress var. prolificum Small bushy knotweed

Hoagland, B.W. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 49 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Polygonum scandens L. Ranunculaceae climbing false buckwheat Anemone berlandieri Pritz. Polygonum striatulum B.L. Robins. tenpetal thimbleweed striped knotweed Anemone caroliniana Walt. Polygonum tenue Michx. Carolina anemone pleatleaf knotweed Anemone decapetala auct. non Ard. Polygonum virginianum L. Clematis pitcheri Torr. & Gray jumpseed bluebill Rumex altissimus Wood Clematis versicolor Small ex Rydb. pale dock pale leather flower Rumex crispus L. Consolida ajacis (L.) Schur curly dock doubtful knight's-spur Delphinium carolinianum Walt. Pontederiaceae Carolina larkspur Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Willd. Delphinium carolinianum Walt. blue mudplantain ssp. virescens (Nutt.) Brooks Pontederia cordata L. Carolina larkspur pickerelweed Myosurus minimus L. tiny mousetail Portulacaceae Ranunculus abortivus L. Claytonia virginica L. littleleaf buttercup Virginia springbeauty Ranunculus longirostris Godr. Portulaca pilosa L. longbeak buttercup kiss me quick Ranunculus sceleratus L. Portulaca umbraticola Kunth cursed buttercup ssp. lanceolata (Engelm.) Matthews & Ketron Rhamnaceae Talinum calycinum Engelm. Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. largeflower fameflower Jersey tea Talinum parviflorum Nutt. sunbright Rosaceae Agrimonia parviflora Ait. Primulaceae harvestlice Androsace occidentalis Pursh Crataegus crus-galli L. western rockjasmine cockspur hawthorn Dodecatheon meadia L. Crataegus engelmannii Sarg. pride of Ohio Engelmann's hawthorn Dodecatheon meadia L. ssp. meadia Crataegus mollis Scheele Arnold pride of Ohio hawthorn Samolus floribundus Kunth Crataegus reverchonii Sarg. Samolus parviflorus Raf. Reverchon's hawthorn Samolus valerandi L. ssp. parviflorus Crataegus viridis L. (Raf.) Hultén green hawthorn seaside brookweed Crataegus viridis L. var. viridis green hawthorn

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Fragaria virginiana Duchesne Rubiaceae Virginia strawberry Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Geum canadense Jacq. common buttonbush white avens Diodia teres Walt. Geum canadense Jacq. poorjoe var. camporum Galium aparine L. (Rydb.) Fern. & Weatherby stickywilly white avens Galium circaezans Michx. Potentilla arguta Pursh var. hypomalacum Fern. tall cinquefoil licorice bedstraw Potentilla arguta Pursh ssp. arguta Galium obtusum Bigelow tall cinquefoil bluntleaf bedstraw Prunus angustifolia Marsh. Galium pilosum Ait. Chickasaw plum hairy bedstraw Prunus gracilis Engelm. & Gray Galium pilosum Ait. Oklahoma plum var. pilosum Prunus hortulana Bailey hairy bedstraw hortulan plum Galium texense Gray Prunus mexicana S. Wats. Texas bedstraw Mexican plum Galium virgatum Nutt. Prunus persica (L.) Batsch southwestern bedstraw peach Hedyotis nigricans (Lam.) Fosberg Prunus rivularis Scheele diamondflowers creek plum Hedyotis nigricans (Lam.) Fosberg Prunus virginiana L. var. nigricans chokecherry diamondflowers Rosa foliolosa Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray Houstonia longifolia white prairie rose var. longifolia Gaertn. Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex Murr. Houstonia purpurea L. var. purpurea multiflora rose Venus' pride Rubus aboriginum Rydb. Houstonia pusilla Schoepf garden dewberry tiny bluet Rubus allegheniensis Porter Sherardia arvensis L. Allegheny blackberry blue fieldmadder Rubus frondosus Bigelow yankee blackberry Rutaceae Rubus idaeus L. Ptelea trifoliata L. ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke common hoptree grayleaf red raspberry Ptelea trifoliata L. ssp. polyadenia Rubus ostryafolius Rydb. (Greene) V. Bailey highbush blackberry pallid hoptree Rubus trivialis Michx. Ptelea trifoliata L. ssp. trifoliata southern dewberry var. trifoliate Sanguisorba annua (Nutt. ex Hook.) common hoptree Torr. & Gray prairie burnet

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Ptelea trifoliata ssp. trifoliata L. Collinsia verna Nutt. var. mollis Torr. & Gray spring blue eyed Mary common hoptree Collinsia violacea Nutt. violet blue eyed Mary Salicaceae Gratiola sphaerocarpa Ell. Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. Gratiola virginiana L. eastern cottonwood roundfruit hedgehyssop Salix caroliniana Michx. Leucospora multifida (Michx.) Nutt. coastal plain willow narrowleaf paleseed Salix nigra Marsh. Lindernia anagallidea black willow (Michx.) Pennell Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell Santalaceae yellowseed false pimpernel Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Macuillamia rotundifolia (Michx.) ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Raf. pale bastard toadflax Mimulus glabratus Kunth Sapindaceae roundleaf monkeyflower Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Mimulus glabratus Kunth var. jamesii love in a puff (Torr. & Gray ex Benth.) Gray Sapindus drummondii Hook. & Arn. James' monkeyflower Sapindus saponaria L. Nuttallanthus canadensis (L.) var. drummondii D.A. Sutton (Hook. & Arn.) L.Benson Canada toadflax western soapberry Nuttallanthus texanus (Scheele) D.A. Sutton Sapotaceae Texas toadflax Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michx. Penstemon albidus Nutt. gum bully white penstemon Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michx. Penstemon australis Small ssp. rigidum (Gray) ssp. laxiflorus (Pennell) Bennett T.D. Pennington Penstemon cobaea Nutt. cobaea beardtongue Scrophulariaceae Penstemon fendleri Torr. & Gray Agalinis heterophylla (Nutt.) Fendler's penstemon Small ex Britt. Penstemon oklahomensis Pennell prairie false foxglove Oklahoma beardtongue Bacopa rotundifolia (Michx.) Wettst. Scrophularia lanceolata Pursh disk waterhyssop lanceleaf figwort Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng. Veronica arvensis L. scarlet Indian paintbrush corn speedwell Castilleja purpurea (Nutt.) G. Don Veronica peregrina L. downy Indian paintbrush neckweed Castilleja purpurea (Nutt.) G. Don Veronica peregrina L. ssp. var. citrina (Pennell) Shinners xalapensis prairie Indian paintbrush (Kunth) Pennell hairy purslane speedwell

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Simaroubaceae Solanum nigrum auct. non L. Ailanthus altissima (P. Mill.) Swingle Solanum ptychanthum Dunal tree of heaven West Indian nightshade Solanum rostratum Dunal Smilacaceae buffalobur nightshade Smilax bona-nox L. saw greenbrier Tamaricaceae Smilax rotundifolia L. Tamarix gallica L. roundleaf greenbrier salt cedar Smilax tamnoides L. bristly greenbrier Ulmaceae Celtis laevigata Willd. Solanaceae sugarberry Datura meteloides Celtis laevigata Willd. var. reticulata auct. p.p. non Dunal (Torr.) L. Benson Physalis angulata L. netleaf hackberry cutleaf groundcherry Celtis laevigata Willd. Physalis cinerascens var. texana Sarg. (Dunal) A.S. Hitchc. Texan sugarberry var. cinerascens Ulmus americana L. smallflower groundcherry American elm Physalis heterophylla Nees Ulmus rubra Muhl. clammy groundcherry slippery elm Physalis lobata Torr. Physalis longifolia Nutt. Urticaceae longleaf groundcherry Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. Physalis mollis Nutt. smallspike false nettle field groundcherry Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. Physalis mollis Nutt. var. drummondiana var. mollis (Weddell) Weddell field groundcherry Parietaria pensylvanica Muhl. Physalis pubescens L. ex Willd. var. integrifolia (Dunal) Waterfall Pennsylvania pellitory husk tomato Parietaria pensylvanica Muhl. Physalis pumila Nutt. ex Willd. var. obtusa dwarf groundcherry (Rydb. ex Small) Shinners Physalis viscosa L. Valerianaceae ssp. mollis (Nutt.) Waterfall Valerianella radiata (L.) Dufr. Quincula lobata (Torr.) Raf. beaked cornsalad Chinese lantern Solanum citrullifolium A. Braun Verbenaceae watermelon nightshade Glandularia bipinnatifida (Nutt.) Nutt. Solanum dimidiatum Raf. var. bipinnatifida western horsenettle Dakota mock vervain Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. Glandularia canadensis (L.) Nutt. silverleaf nightshade rose mock vervain

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Glandularia pumila (Rydb.) Umber Vitaceae pink mock vervain Ampelopsis cordata Michx. Lippia lanceolata Michx. heartleaf peppervine Phryma leptostachya L. Cissus incisa auct. non Des Moulins American lopseed Cissus trifoliata (L.) L. Phyla incisa Small sorrelvine Phyla lanceolata (Michx.) Greene Parthenocissus quinquefolia lanceleaf fogfruit (L.) Planch. Verbena bipinnatifida Nutt. Virginia creeper Verbena bracteata Lag. & Rodr. Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr) bigbract verbena A.S. Hitchc. Verbena canadensis (L.) Britt. woodbine Verbena pumila Rydb. Vitis cinerea (Engelm.) Millard Verbena stricta Vent. graybark grape hoary verbena Vitis cinerea (Engelm.) Millard Verbena urticifolia L. var. cinerea white vervain graybark grape Vitis riparia Michx. Violaceae riverbank grape Hybanthus verticillatus (Ortega) Vitis rupestris Scheele Baill. sand grape babyslippers Vitis vulpina L. Viola bicolor Pursh frost grape field pansy Viola missouriensis Greene Zygophyllaceae Viola retusa Greene Tribulus terrestris L. Viola sororia Willd. Puncturevine common blue violet

Viscaceae Phoradendron flavescens Nutt. ex Engelm. Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & M.C. Johnston oak mistletoe

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Schoenoplectus hallii and S. saximontanus 2000 Wichita Mountain Wildlife Refuge Survey Dr. Lawrence K. Magrath Curator-USAO (OCLA) Herbarium Chickasha, OK 73018-5358 A survey to determine locations of populations of Schoenoplectus hallii and S. saximontanus was conducted at Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge in August and September 2000. One or both species were found at 20 of the 134 locations surveyed. A distinctive terminal achene character was found specifically that the transverse ridges of S. hallii appeared to be rounded and S. saximontanus appeared to be rounded with a projecting narrow wing. Basal macroachenes have not yet been properly described but are borne singly at the base of each culm and are about 3-4 times larger than the terminal achenes. It is speculated that amphicarpy may be related to grazing pressure, the basal macroachene being produced even if the upper portion is consumed, as a response to grazing. Both species are grazed/disturbed by bison, elk, and longhorns on the Refuge.

Introduction the drawdown mud, sand, or gravel flats. A survey to determine locations of However in some places they occur in shallow populations of Schoenoplectus hallii (A. Gray) water up to a depth of about a foot [30.5cm]. S.G. Smith (Hall’s bulrush) and S. saximontanus They seem to compete with perennial emergent (Fernald) J. Raynal (Rocky Mountain bulrush) plants and with most emergent annuals. was conducted on the Wichita Mountains In addition to the 36 sites that I Wildlife Refuge during late August through personally examined, WMWR staff examined September 2000. The survey team members an additional 98 sites with similar habitat and were myself, Sam Waldstein, Refuge Manager; found no Schoenoplectus present. Schoenoplectus Chip Kimball, Range Biologist; and Bob occurred in only 20 of the 134 sites (14.93%). Timberman, Biology Technician. Sites Of those 134 sites, 4 had both species present selected for observation were areas similar to (3%), 14 had S. halllii present (10.45%) and 10 the Jed Johnson Dam habitat, which is the site had S. saximontanus present (7.46%) (see Table). of the original collection of S. hallii made in Based on the WMWR observations, it 1987. Selection of sites to be surveyed was is strongly advised that the adjacent area of Fort done by WMWR team members. The three Sill should be inventoried since these two Sundays spent in the field were some of the species are, most likely, present there. hottest of the season with temperatures However, Rahmona Thompson who has ranging from 100o to 110oF. conducted plant surveys at Fort Sill has not found either species at this time (pers. comm. General Observations 2002). The presence of Schoenoplectus halllii and At several of the sites plants had S. saximontanus at the various sites sampled. been uprooted as a result of trampling by represent, for the most part, a response to the bison and other animals in the mud flat drawdown of water levels in the various lakes areas. The number of uprooted plants and ponds. The plants seem to occur mainly on ranged between 0.0% and 1.0% at those

Magrath, L.K. https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.17.100013 Oklahoma Native Plant Record 55 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

locations, but in general was less than .05%. McKenzie (1998) reports that “heavy While this obviously does cause some grazing has been noted at sites in Kansas, damage to populations in localized areas the Missouri, and Wisconsin but it is not known damage appears to be negligible and it is whether this disturbance negatively impacts the even possible that it may be an important species…” transport method of matured achenes to It is my hypothesis that amphicarpy may previously uncolonized areas. This could well be a response to heavy grazing pressure readily be accomplished by mud containing disturbance by native grazing animals such as bison, seeds or inflorescences with seeds adhering elk, and deer prior to the introduction of exotic to the hooves, hair, or skin of the lower part grazers such as cattle, horses and sheep by of the animals’ legs. European settlers. It would be a way that the plant There appear to be three useful could insure seed production even if it is heavily characters associated with the achenes that grazed and the terminal achenes damaged or can be used to separate the two species: style destroyed. The observation that the plant produces branching, achene cross section, and only a very limited number of basal macroachenes transverse ridges. (one per culm) with significantly more food reserves per achene would seem to support this

S. hallii S. saximontanus interpretation. The smaller, more numerous Style mostly trifid terminal achenes would offer a relatively easy Branches bifid method for seeds to be transported farther distances and to new sites while the macroachenes Achene unequally Trigonus would provide an excellent way to persist in cross section biconvex (3-sided) presently occupied sites. (1 of 2 sides The number and identification of the may be flat) two species at sites where both occur could be somewhat problematic. S.G. Smith and A. E. Transverse rounded mostly Schuyler independently identified a hybrid ridges rounded with from WMWR that was collected by M. Smith narrow wing and McKenzie July 28, 2002 as the first documented, putative hybrid of the two species To my knowledge, “Transverse ridges” ever recorded. [USA Oklahoma: Comanche has not been mentioned in the literature on Co., WMWR, 28 July 02, P. McKenzie 2028 these two taxa. McKenzie (1988) does not pers., WIS, MO] (pers. comm. McKenzie 2002; mention this character in his status assessment Smith 2002). report on S. hallii, nor does Yatskievych (1999) There obviously needs to be further in Steyermark’s Flora of Missouri. Dr. Marian research done to confirm or deny this Smith at Southern Illinois University is working hypothesis as well as possible hybridization on both terminal achenes and basal between the two species at the Refuge. macroachenes using Scanning Electron Voucher Specimens of Schoenoplectus Microscopy and more precise measuring hallii and S. saximontanus resulting from this techniques (pers. comm. 2001). So this may be study are kept in the USAO Herbarium a new useful character to separate these two (OCLA) at the University of Science and arts of taxa. (see Figures). Oklahoma in Chickasha, Oklahoma.

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FIG. (a) and (b) Fruit and inflorescence of Schoenoplectus saximontanus (Steyermark’s Flora of Missouri, 1999. Used by permission).

FIG. (e), (f), and (g) Fruit, inflorescence, and habit of Schoenoplectus hallii (Steyermark’s Flora of Missouri, 1999. Used by permission).

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TABLE Schoenoplectus occurrence in thirty-six survey sites August and September 2000 (based on achene characteristics of the two species)

Site # Description & Date abundance/# collected/voucher# S. hallii S. saximontanu

1-Pond 27-Aug 0 scat/8/21254 Draw-down mudflat around pond Some plants grazed, some uprooted Some dried out on shore Few floating in water still alive

2-Pond 27-Aug 0 0 Draw-down mudflat

3-Pond 27 Aug 0 0 Draw-down mudflat

4-Corral area 27 Aug 0 0 Stream with draw-down mudflat Utricularia observered

5-Kiowa Lake 27 Aug 0 scattered/4/21259 Draw-down mud flat around pond Some plants grazed, some uprooted Some dried out on shore Few floating in water still alive

6-Wing Pasture west of creek 27 Aug 0 rare/12/21261 Draw-down mud flat around pond Some plants grazed

7-Buford Lake 27 Aug 0 0 Draw-down mud flats Utricularia and Nelumbo abundant

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8-Quanah Parker Lake 27 Aug scat/6/21263 0 Near Nature Center Draw-down mud flat around pond

9-New Pond by Crater Lake 27 Aug 0 0 South of Visitor Center Draw-down mud flat

10-Pond at Sulphur Trap Corrals 27 Aug 0 0 East of Visitor Center Draw-down mud flat

11-Pond in Sulphur Trap 27 Aug 0 0 North of Visitor Center Draw-down mud flat around pond

12-Jed Johnson Lake 18 Aug rare/0/- 0 8 identifiable plants. Not collected Plants just coming into bloom Original site for the original Collections for WMWR 27 Aug rare/0/- 0 8 identifiable plants No collections made

13-Crater Lake 27 Aug 0 0 Draw-down mud flat Apparently too much perennial vegetation present

14-West Gate Pond 3 Sep 0 0 Draw-down mud flat Apparently too much perennial vegetation present

15-Comanche Lake 18 Aug scat/2/21237 0 Draw-down mud flat

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3 Sep scat-loc com/24/21272 scat-locom/83/27271 Draw-down mud flat Mixed populations

16-Grama Lake near dam & Gram Flat 18 Aug 0 scat/3/21236 Draw-down mud flat Several hundred plants Numerous basal rosettes in shallow water (20-30 cm) 3 Sep scat-loc com/48/21274 scat-loc com/15/21273 Mixed populations on draw-down Several hundred plants Numerous submerged basal rosettes in shallow water (20-30 cm) 10 Sep scat-loc abd/211/21216 scat/99/21322 Revisit & complete walk-around Both present on draw-down mud flat Several thousand plants Dominant plant in a few places Numerous basal rosettes present in shallows in several areas

17-Hollis Lake 3 Sep 0 0 Apparently too much perennial vegetation in draw-down zone

18-Pond 0.5 mile west of Hollis 3 Sep com-loc abd/300+/21278 0

19-Pond 3 Sep 0 0 Draw-down mudflat

20-Pond 3 Sep 0 0 Draw-down mudflat

21-Boggy Flats 18 August 2000 0 loc abd/x/21231 Draw-down mudflat around pond Some plants grazed or uprooted Some dried out on shore Few floating in water still alive First located by Sam Waldenstein on Aug 17, 2000.

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Sun 3 September 2000 0 loc abd/5/21280 Draw-down mud flats on ponds

22-Pond southwest of Grace Mountain 3 Sep Draw-down mud flat 0 0 Water-clover fern present

23-Cut Throat Lake 3 Sep Draw-down mud flat 0 0 Water-clover fern present Beautiful clear water and bass

24-Northwest Corner of Pinchot Loop 3 Sep 0 0 Draw-down mud flat around pond

25-Barow Pit east side of Pinchot Loop 3 Sep 0 0 Draw-down mud flat around pond

26-Straight east of site 25 3 Sep scat/8/21287 0 Draw-down mud flat around pond Bacopa present

27-Medicine Tank 3 Sep common/12/21290 scat/3/21289 Draw-down mud flat around pond Colonial Bryozoan Pectinatella magnifica Leidy in shallow water by dam Identification by Dr. Mike Mather, USAO

28-West Gate Road, Buffalo Gap 10 sep 0 scat/11/21303 Draw-down mud flat around pond Bacopa present

29-Winter Valley at end of Wing Fence at Hot Trap 10 Sep rare/3/21304 rare/6/21304 Draw-down mud flat around pond in part* in part* Mixed collection not discovered until laboratory observations were made.

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30-Winter Valley southeast fo Road 10 Sep scat/2/21305 0 Draw-down mudflat around pond Bacopa present

31-North end of Research 10 Sep 0 scat/14/21306 Draw-down mud flat around pond Bacopa present

32-Pond in Exhibition Pasture 10 Sep one plant/0/0 0 Pond in Exhibition Pasture Draw-down mud flat

33 Ingram House Pond 10 Sep scat-loc com/19/21309 0 Draw-down mud flat Several hundred plants Bacopa present

34-Quanah Parker 10 Sep scat-loc com/54/21210 0 Near dam Draw-down mud flat Several thousand? plants

35-Quanah Parker 10 Sep scat-loc com/7/21313 scat-loc com/25/21311 SE of Environmental Center Draw-down mud flat Several hundred plants

36-Elmer Thomas Lake 10 Sep scat-loc abd/46/21314 0 Draw-down mud flat along north shore Key to abundance descriptors rare = fewer than 10 plants at site scat = scattered, a few plants occurring over several square meters common = many plants occurring over several square meters abundant = large numbers of plants (often the local dominant plant) loc com = many plants in a small area, but may be scattered over a large area loc abd = large numbers of plants in small area, but may be scattered over a large area

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References McKenzie, Paul M. 1998. Hall’s Bulrush Editor’s Note: Exact locations of (Schoenoplectus hallii) Status individual sites were determined by Assessment. GPS and are recorded in the WMWR U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. database. However, that information Columbia, MO. and access to the sites is strictly limited Yatskievych, George. 1999. Steyermark’s and permission must be requested Flora of Missouri, Vol 1, rev. ed. Missouri from the refuge manager. Dept. of Conservation in cooperation with the Missouri Botanical Garden Press. St. Louis, MO.

Magrath, L.K. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 63 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, Comanche County

Echinocerus baileyi on Elk Mountain Trail (photos by Sheila Strawn)

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The Nature Conservency’s Pontatoc Ridge Preserve, Johnston County

Entrance to Pontotoc Ridge Preserve (photo by Patricia Folley)

Wildflower community on exposed limestone formation at Pontotoc Ridge Preserve (photo by Patricia Folley) Johnson, F.L. https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.17.100014 Oklahoma Native Plant Record 65 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Pontotoc Ridge Floristic Survey: 1999 transcribed with later additions Forrest L. Johnson Oklahoma Biological Survey

Patricia Folley (ed.) President, Oklahoma Native Plant Society

In 1997, the Oklahoma Biological Survey and the Oklahoma Native Plant Society undertook an unusual joint project: the surveying of the plant resources of a preserve recently acquired by The Nature Conservancy. In part this was because of the deep attachment of some of the participants for this nearby and very interesting place. During the early exploration of the “Smith Ranch Site”, as it was called, amateurs and interns were brought in to call out the names of plants as they walked, or in some cases, rode past in trucks. As a rapid assessment, that was probably a good thing, but it certainly wasn’t scientific, and none of those names called could be verified for publication. The Biological Survey allotted the necessary manpower and equipment to conduct a survey structured after the ones being done for several military bases in the area. Frequent, disciplined visits were made to view the diverse habitats as the plants thereon developed over the course of the growing year. One or two specimens of each species was taken, processed, identified and preserved in a public herbarium for the use of future researchers. The herbarium chosen was the Robert Bebb Herbarium (OKL) at the University of Oklahoma, host institution for the Biological Survey.

2002 INTRODUCTION “Smith Ranch”. Since the survey Folley and Forrest Johnson of the Biological others have added a few species, Survey, Patricia Folley of the Oklahoma similarlydocumented, to those surveyed in Native Plant Society and a co-editor of the 1997. They are identified by a later collection Flora of Oklahoma Project, and two date in the inventory. No natural living place fieldassistants, Newell McCarty and Deborah can ever be fully documented and there are Benesh from the University of Oklahoma’s still species known to exist in that preserve Bebb Herbarium carried out the fieldwork for that have not yet been found in flowering or the Survey. Almost all processing of fruiting condition. It will no doubt provide specimens, including identification, was done interesting work for our successors. by the late Dr. Johnson. Folley made the After the original introduction was identifications of the specimens of sedges, written, an infestation of Lespedeza cuneata and Benesh and Johnson maintained the (serecia lespedeza) proliferated in the old databaseand prepared labels. Eventually, over pastures and a program of removal was 500 specimens were mounted and placed in begun. the herbarium. The research team is indebted to the Also included in the survey is Plantago kindness and assistance so generously rugelii, which was collected by Patricia Folley contributed by TNC’s on-site managers, Jim in 1993 when the site was still known as and Hollie Erwin.

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INTRODUCTION both the old and new names for a few plants In the growing season (March- that have had recent name changes. The older October) of 1997, The Nature Conservancy’s name is listed in brackets below the new Pontotoc Ridge Preserve was visited name. approximately every two weeks by a team of Two status and 17 habit categories are botanists from the Oklahoma Native Plant defined by the National List of Scientific Plant Society and the Oklahoma Biological Survey Names (1982, U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation for the purpose of preparing an inventory of Service Publication SCS-TP-159, Washington, the plant species on the Preserve. Two to four D.C.) They are applied as appropriate for each persons on each visit examined several sites on species. The categories and representative the Preserve. The number and location of sites symbols used to define status categories are: varied with the condition of the primitive roads (N) native and (I) introduced. Habit is on the property. When roads were muddy, we represented by one or more of the following: collected plants at three or four sites along the (A) annual; (B) biennial; (P) perennial; (F) west side of the Preserve. When the roads were herbaceous; (S) shrub; (T) tree; (G) grasslike; dry enough, we visited several widely separated (H) partly woody; (W) woody; ($) succulent; sites spread over the whole property. At each (V) vine; (Z) submersed; (E) emergent; (L) collecting site members of the team walked floating; (@) tree epiphyte; (+) parasitic; and (_) separate paths through the area. Any plant in saprophytic. This information is determined by flower or fruit that was not on a list of the examining the specimens and consulting the plants previously collected or which could not designated floras. These symbols are combined be positively identified was collected. Some into a convenient status/habit code for each trees and shrubs that are usually identified by species. For example, NPG = native perennial their leaves, buds, etc., were collected without grasslike; NT = native tree, etc. flowers or fruits. In the 1997 growing season, we Each specimen was pressed, dried, and collected 399 species in 261 genera and 79 fumigated to eliminate insects. Then they were families. About a third of the species found stored in the Robert Bebb Herbarium at the were in the three common Great Plains University of Oklahoma. The specimens were families: Asteraceae (composites); Poaceae identified with the keys and descriptions in (grasses) and Fabaceae (legumes). Only about 6 Flora of the Great Plains (Great Plains Flora percent of the species are exotic and none of Association, 1986, University Press of Kansas, the exotic species is conspicuous or seems to Lawrence) and Keys to the Flora of Oklahoma, (U. present a threat to the native vegetation. No T. Waterfall, 1973, published by the author, truly rare plants were found, although Penstemon Stillwater, OK), then confirmed by oklahomensis (S3) and Echinocereus riechenbachii comparison with known specimens in the (S2) are present. Bebb Herbarium. The specimens from Based on previous experience, we are Pontotoc Ridge will remain in the Bebb likely to have found about 80% of the total Herbarium and become part of its permanent plant species present at Pontotoc Ridge. There collection. are probably about 500 plant species in the area. Several plant names have been Some perennial plant species do not flower changed since the publication of Keys to the every year, and some annuals vary greatly in Flora of Oklahoma and Flora of the Great Plains. abundance from year to year. Continued Names in our list names comply with the investigation will result in more species being PLANTS online database: plants.usda.gov/ found. Several field trips to Pontotoc Ridge are plants/qurymenu.html , maintained by the planned in 1998. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. We included

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Pontotoc Ridge Floristic Survey Acanthaceae (acanthus) var. synchaetum Gray ex C & Rose Ruellia humilis Nutt. NPF 31 July 1997 NPF 29 May, 10 Sep 1997 Button snakeroot Low ruellia common, prairie infrequent, prairie Lomatium foeniculaceum (Nutt.) C.&R. Ruellia strepens L. var. foeniculaceum NPF 29 May 1997 NPF 28 March 1997 Limestone ruellia Wild parsley common, rocky upland Aceraceae (maple) Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. Acer negundo L. NPF 30 April 1997 NT 18 Jul 1997 Anise root Box elder common, floodplain forest infrequent, floodplain forest Polytaenia nuttallii (Nutt.) DC. NPF 14 May 1997 Agavaceae (yucca, agave family) Prairie parsley Yucca glauca Nuttall common, prairie NS (not yet collected) Sanicula canadensis L Common yucca NPF 30 April, 29 May 1997 infrequent, uplands Snakeroot common, floodplain forest Anacardiaceae (sumac, poison ivy) Torilis arvensis (Huds.) Link Rhus aromatica Ait. IAF 18 June 1997 NS 28 Mar, 18 Jul 1997 Hedge parsley Aromatic sumac common, disturbed area common, rocky upland Trepocarpus aethusae Nuttall Rhus copallinum L. NAF 18 June 1997 NS 18 Jul 1997 White nymph Winged sumac infrequent, rocky upland infrequent, rockly upland Zizia aurea (L.) Koch Rhus glabra L. NPF 14 May 1997 NS 18 Jun 1997 Golden alexanders Smooth sumac infrequent, floodplain forest common, rocky upland Apocynaceae (dogbane) Apiaceae (carrot, celery, etc.) Amsonia ciliata Walt. *Ammoselinum popei, see Chaerophyllum NPF 10 April 1996 Bifora americana (DC.) Watson Fringed bluestars NAF 14 May 1997 infrequent, rocky upland Prairie bishop’s weed Apocynum cannabinum L. infrequent, rocky upland var. cannabinum Chaerophyllum procumbens (L.) Crantz NPF 29 May 1997 NAF 15 Apr 1997 Indian hemp Wild chervil infrequent, prairie common, disturbed area Chaerophyllum taintureiri Hook. Araceae (arum) NAF 15 Apr, 14 May 1997 Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott Wild chervil NPF (not yet colleted) common, disturbed area, mowed meadow Green dragon Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. infrequent, floodplain forest NPF 29 May 1997 Honewort Asclepiadaceae (milkweed) common, floodplain forest Asclepias asperula (Dcne.) Woodson Daucus pusillus Michaux var. decumbens (Nutt.) Shinners NAF 18 Jun 1997 NPF 30 Apr, 14 May 1997 Rattlesnake weed Spider antelopehorn common, disturbed area common, rocky upland Eryngium leavenworthii T. & G. Asclepias stenophylla (Gray) NAF 10 Sep 1997 NPF 18 June 1997 Rattlesnake master Narrowleaf milkweed common, rocky upland infrequent, prairie Eryngium yuccifolium Michaux

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Asclepias tuberosa L. Aster oolentangensis Riddell NPF 18 June 1997 NPF 8 October 1997 Butterfly milkweed Blue aster common, prairie infrequent, disturbed area Asclepias viridis Walt. Aster patens Ait. NPF 29 May 1997 NPF 8 October 1997 Green milkweed Spreading aster common, prairie infrequent, disturbed area, rocky upland Matelia biflora (Raf.) Woodson Aster prealtus Poir. NPV 14 May 1997 NPF 8 October 1997 Twoflower milkvine Willowleaf aster infrequent, rocky upland infrequent, disturbed area Matelia gonocarpa (Walt.) Shinners Astranthium integrifolium(Michx.)Nutt. NPV 18 July 1997 NAF 15 April, 30 April 1997 Climbing milkweed Western daisy infrequent, disturbed area common, disturbed area Brickellia eupatorioides (L.) Raf. Aspleniaceae (cliff ferns) NPF Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. False snakeweed NPF 29 May 1997 uncommon, disturbed area Blunt-lobed cliff fern Centaurea americana Nuttall infrequent, Cross Timbers NAF 18 June 1997 Basketflower Asteraceae (asters, daisies, sunflowers) common, rocky upland Achillea millefolium L. Chaetopappa asteroides Nutt. Ex DC. NPF 14 May 1997 NAF 30 April 1997 Yarrow Least daisy common, prairie infrequent, disturbed area Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Chrysopsis pilosa Nuttall NAF 10 Sept 1997 NAF 31 July, 8 Oct. 1997 Common ragweed Golden aster common, disturbed areas infrequent, disturbed area, prairie Ambrosia bidentata Michaux Cirsium altissimum (L.) Spreng. NAF 10 Sept 1997 NPF 31 July, 10 Sept 1997 Southern ragweed Tall thistle common disturbed area infrequent, prairie Ambrosia psilostachya DC. Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. NPF 8 October 1997 NPF 18 June 1997 Western ragweed Wavy-leaf thistle infrequent, disturbed areas common, disturbed area Ambrosia trifida L. Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. NAF 20 August 1997 NAF 20 August 1997 Giant ragweed Horseweed common, disturbed areas common, disturbed area Amphiachyris dracunculoides (DC.) Shinners Echinacea atrorubens Nuttall NAF 10 Sept. 1997 NPF Broomweed Rose coneflower infrequent, disturbed area common, rocky upland Artemisia ludoviciana Nuttall Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. var. mexicana (Willd.) Fernald NAF 10 Sept 1997 NPF 10 Sept, 8 October 1997 Yerba de tajo White sage, watersage infrequent, pond margin infrequent, disturbed area, prairie Elephantopus carolinianus Willd. Aster drummondii Lindl NPF 10 Sept 1997 var. parviceps (Shinners) A.G. Jones Elephant’s foot NPF 8 October 1997 common, floodplain forest Blue wood aster Engelmannia pinnatifida Gray ex Nutt. infrequent, disturbed areas NPF 14 May 1997 Aster ericoides L. Engelmann’s daisy NPF 8 October 1997 common, rocky upland, prairie Heath aster Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. common, disturbed area NAF 14 May 1997

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Daisy fleabane Iva annua L. common, prairie NAF 10 Sept 1997 Erigeron philadelphicus L. Annual false ragweed, sumpweed NAF 15 April 1997 common, disturbed area Philadelphia fleabane Krigia caespitosa (Raf.) Chambers common, riparian NAF 14 May 1997 Eupatorium serotinum Michaux Common dwarf dandelion NPF 20 August 1997 infrequent, prairie Late boneset Krigia dandelion (L.) Nuttall infrequent, disturbed areas NPF 14 May 1997 Gaillardia aestivalis (Walt.) Rock Potato dandelion NAF 10 Sept 1997 common, prairie Summer gaillardia Lactuca ludoviciana (Nutt.) DC. infrequent, prairie NAF 18 Jun 1997 Gaillardia pulchella Fouq. Western wild lettuce NAF 9 May, 18 June 1997 infrequent, disturbed area Indian blankets, firewheels Liatris punctata Hook., common, prairie, rocky upland var. nebraskana Geiser Gamochaeta purpurea (L.) Cabrera NPF 10 Sept 1997 NPF 30 April 1997 Dotted gayfeather Purple cudweed abundant, prairie infrequent, disturbed area Liatris pycnostachya Michaux Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. NPF 31 July 1997 NPF 10 Sept 1997 Button snakeroot Sweet everlasting common, prairie infrequent, prairie Liatris squarrosa (L.) Michaux Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock NPF 31 July 1997 NAF 18 Jun 1997 Gayfeather Bitterweed common, prairie common, disturbed area Lindheimera texana Gray & Engelm Helianthus annuus L. NAF 30 April, 11 June 1997 NAF 18 July 1997 Texas yellow star Common sunflower infrequent, rocky upland, prairie infrequent, disturbed area Marshallia caespitosa Nutt. Ex DC. Helianthus hirsutus Raf. NPF 14 May, 18 June 1997 NPF 18 July 1997 Barbara’s buttons Hairy or rough sunflower infrequent, prairie, rocky upland infrequent, disturbed area Pluchea odorata (L.) Cass. Helianthus mollis Lam. NAF 8 October 1997 NPF 31 July 1997 Purple camphorweed Ashy or soft sunflower common, pond margin common, prairie Prionopsis ciliata Nuttall Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet NAF 10 Sep 1997 NPF 31 July 1997 Wax goldenweed False sunflower infrequent, disturbed area common, floodplain forest Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus Nuttall Heterotheca latifolia Buckl. NPF 30 April 1997 NPF 10 Sept 1997 False dandelion Golden aster common, disturbed area common, prairie Pyrrhopappus pauciflorus DC. Hieracium longipilum Torrey NAF 14 May 1997 NPF 19 Sept 1997 Geiser’s false dandelion Longbeard hawkweed common, prairie infrequent, prairie Ratibida columnifera Woot. & Standl. Hymenopappus scabieoseus L’Her. NPF 18 June 1997 NPF 14 May 1997 Yellow coneflower Old plainsmen common, disturbed area common, rocky upland Rudbeckia hirta L. Hymenoxys linearifolia Hook. NABPF 18 June 1997 NAF 15 April – 15 May 1997 Blackeyed Susan Narrowleaf hymenoxys common, disturbed area common, rocky upland, disturbed area

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Rudbeckia missouriensis Engelm. NPF 28 March, 18 June 1997 NPF 31 July 1997 Narrowleaf puccoon Missouri coneflower infrequent, rocky upland common, prairie Myosotis macrosperma Engelmann Rudbeckia triloba L. NPF 30 April 1997 NPF 31 July 1997 Spring forget-me-not Browneyed Susan common, disturbed area infrequent, floodplain forest Myositis verna Nuttall Senecio plattensis Nuttall NAF 15 April 1997 NPF 28 March 1997 Early scorpiongrass Prairie groundsel common, disturbed area common, Cross timbers, floodplain Silphium laciniatum L. Brassicaceae (mustard family) NPF 31 July 1997 Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik Compass plant IAF 30 April 1997 common, prairie Shepherd’s purse Solidago arguta Ait. infrequent, distubed area NPF 31 July 1997 Draba brachycarpa Nutt. Ex T.&G. Boott’s woodland goldenrod NAF 28 Feb. 1997 infrequent, floodplain forest Whitlow Solidago canadensis L. infrequent, mowed meadow var. Gilvocanescens Rydb. Draba cuneifolia Nutt. Ex T. & G. Whitlow NPF 8 October 1997 NAF 28 March 1997 Prairie goldenrod infrequent, disturbed area common, rocky upland Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. Solidago nemoralis Ait. IAF 30 April 1997 NPF 10 Sept. 1997 Peppergrass Oldfield goldenrod common, disturbed area infrequent, prairie Lepidium virginicum L. Solidago rigida L. NAF 30 April 1997 NPF 19 Sept. 1997 Virginia peppergrass Stiff prairie goldenrod infrequent, disturbed area infrequent, prairie Lesquerella gracilis (Hook.) Wats. Thelesperma filifolia (Hook.) Gray var. repandum (Nutt.) Payson NPF 29 May 1997 NAF 15 April 1997 Greenthread Spreading bladderpod common, prairie common, disturbed area Verbesina virginica L. Lesquerella ovalifolia Rydb. NPF 28 Sept 1999 var. alba Goodman Virginia crownbeard NPF 15 April 1997 uncommon, floodplain forest Oval-leaf or white bladderpod Vernonia baldwinii Torrey abundant, rocky upland NPF 31 July 1997 Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek Western ironweed IAE 15 April 1997 common, prairie Water cress Xanthium strumarium L. common, aquatic NAF 10 Sept. 1997 Cocklebur Cactaceae (Cactus family) common, pond margin Echinocereus riechenbachii (Tersch.) Hogue Berberidaceae (barberry family) NP$ 12 May 2001 Podophyllum peltatum L. Lace or pincushion cactus NPF 10 Apr 1996, 15 April 1997 infrequent, rocky upland Mayapple Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck abundant, Cross timbers var. lindheimeri (Engl.) Parfit. & Pink. NP$ 11 June 1997 Boraginaceae (borage, heliotrope family) Texas or limestone prickly-pear Heliotropium tenellum (Nutt.) Torrey infrequent, rocky upland NAF 18 June, 31 July 1997 Pasture heliotrope Callitrichaceae (waterweed family) infrequent, prairie, rocky upland Callitriche heterophylla Pursh Lithospermum incisum Lehm. NZF 14 May 1997

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Water starwort Nits-and-lice common, aquatic infrequent, rocky upland Hypericum sphaerocarpon Michx. Campanulaceae (bellflower family) NPF 18 June 1997 Lobelia appendiculata DC. Roundfruit St. John’s Wort NPF 29 May 1997 infrequent, rocky upland Earflower lobelia common, prairie Commelinaceae (spiderwort & dayflower family) Lobelia siphilitica L. Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. var. ludoviciana DC. NPF 14 May 1997 NPF 10 Sept. 1997 Ohio spiderwort Blue cardinal flower infrequent, prairie uncommon, seeps Tradescantia tharpii Anders & Woods Triodanis leptocarpa (Nutt.) Niew. NPF 30 April 1997 NAF 29 May 1997 Tharp’s spiderwort Western Venus’ looking-glass common, rocky upland common, prairie Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Niew. Convolvulaceae (morning glory family) NAF 14 May 1997 Convolvulus equitans Benth. Venus’ looking glass NAVF 29 May, 18 June 1997 infrequent, prairie Texas bindweed common, disturbed area Caprifoliaceae (honeysuckle family) Evolvulus nuttallianus R. & S. Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moensch NPF 30 April 1997 NS (in fruit) 10 Sept. 1997 Hairy evolvulus Coralberry, buckbrush infrequent, rocky upland common, cross timbers Viburnum rufidulum Raf. Cornaceae (dogwood family) NST 15 April 1997 Cornus drummondii Meyer Rusty blackhaw NS 14 May 1997 infrequent, cross timbers Rough-leaf dogwood common, rocky upland Caryophyllaceae (Pink, carnation family) Cornus florida L. Arenaria patula Michaux NT 15 April 1997 NAF 28 March, 30 April 1997 Flowering dogwood Sandwort infrequent, cross-timbers infrequent, rocky upland Arenaria stricta Michx, Crassulaceae (stonecrop family) var. texana Rydberg Sedum nuttallianum Rf. NAF 30 April, 29 May 1997 NAF 29 May 1997 rock sandwort Yellow stonecrop common, rocky upland infrequent, seep Paronychia jamesii T. & G. Sedum pulchellum Michaux NPF 20 August 1997 NAF 14 May 1997 James’ nailwort Pink stonecrop, widow’s cross common, rocky upland infrequent, wet meadow

Celastraceae (bittersweet family) Cyperaceae (sedge family) Celastrus scandens L. Carex festucacea Schkuhr NWV (in fruit) 8 October 1997 NPG 30 April 1997 Climbing bittersweet None infrequent, disturbed area infrequent, disturbed area Carex flaccosperma Dewey Cistaceae (pinweed family) NPG Lechea villosa Raf. None NPF 20 August 1997 infrequent, floodplain forest Pinweed Carex frankii Kunth infrequent, disturbed area NPG 29 May to 31 July 1997 None Clusiaceae (St. John’s Wort family) common, floodplain forest Hypericum drummondii T. & G. Carex gravida Bailey NAF 20 August 1997 NPG 15 April 1997

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Heavy sedge Scleria pauciflora Michx. Ex Willd. common, rocky upland NPG 31 July 1997 Carex hirsutella Mackenzie Few-flower nutrush NPG infrequent, prairie Hairy sedge common, disturbed area Ebenaceae (Ebony family) Carex leavenworthii Dewey Diospyros virginiana L. NPG 30 April 1997 NT 29 May 1997 None Persimmon infrequent, disturbed area infrequent, crosstimbers Carex retroflexa Muhlenberg NPG Euphorbiaceae (spurge family) None Acalypha gracilens Gray common, rocky ground NAF 18 July 1997 Carex vulpinoidea Michaux Three-seeded mercury NPG 30 April 1997 infrequent, rocky upland None Argythamnia mercurialina Muell. infrequent, aquatic NPF 11 June 1997 Cyperus filiculmis Vahl Wild mercury NPG 18 June 1997 infrequent, forest margin Slender flatsedge Chamaesyce missurica (Raf.) Shinners common, prairie NAF 20 August 1997 Cyperus odoratus L. [Euphorbia missurica Lag.] NAG 10 Sept. 1997 Missouri spurge Fragrant flatsedge common, disturbed areas infrequent, pond margin Chamaesyce nutans Lag.) Small Cyperus ovularis (Michaux) Torrey NAF 20 Aug. – 10 Sept. 1997 NPG 18 June 1997 [Euphorbia nutans Lag.] Globe flatsedge Eyebane common, disturbed area common, disturbed areas Eleocharis compressa Sulliv. Croton capitatus Michaux NPG 14 May 1997 NAF 10 Sept. 1997 Weakstem spikerush Wooly croton common, riparian common, disturbed area Eleocharis engelmannii Steudel Croton monanthogynus Michaux NPG 10 Sept 1997 NAF 18 July – 20 Aug. 1997 Engelmann’s spikerush One-seed croton common, pond margin common, disturbed area Eleocharis parvula (R.&S.) Link Euphorbia corollata L. NAG 10 Sept. 1997 NAF 10 Sept. 1997 Dwarf spikesedge Flowering spurge common, pond margin infrequent, prairie Fimbristylis puberula (Michx) Vahl Euphorbia dentata Michaux NPG 30 April 1997 NAF 18 July 1997 None Toothed spurge infrequent, rocky upland infrequent, rocky upland Fuirena simplex Vahl Euphorbia hexagona Nuttall NPG 31 July 1997 NAF 8 October 1996 Umbrella sedge 6-angle spurge common, seep infrequent, rocky upland Rhynchospora nivea Boeckl. Euphorbia spathulata Lam. NPG 8 Oct 1998 NAF 30 April 1997 White-top sedge Warty spurge infrequent, seep infrequent, rocky upland Scirpus koilolepis (Steud.) Gleason Phyllanthus polygonoides Nuttall NAG NPF 29 May 1997 None Knotweed leaf-flower common, pond margin common, prairie Scirpus pendulus Muhelenberg Stillingia sylvatica Graden ex L. NPG 31 July 1997 NPF 29 May 1997 None Queen’s delight common, floodplain forest infrequent, prairie

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Tragia ramosa Torrey NPF 10 Sept. 1997 NPF 29 May 1997 Panicled tickclover Nettle-leaf, noseburn common, floodplain forest common, prairie Gleditsia triacanthos L. NT 31 July 1997 Fabaceae (legume, bean and pea family) Honey locust [includes Caesalpinaceae and Mimosaceae] common, mowed meadow Albizia julibrissin Durazz. Lespedeza cuneata G. Don IT 18 July 1997 IPF 20 August 1997 Mimosa Sericea lespedeza infrequent, disturbed area common, disturbed area Amorpha canescens Pursh Lespedeza stipulacea Maxim. NS 31 July 1997 IAF 20 August, 1997 Leadplant Korean clover infrequent, prairie common, disturbed area Amorpha fruticosa L. Lespedeza stuevei Nuttall NS 10 Sept. 1997 NPF 10 Sept 1997 False indigo Stueve’s lespedeza common, pond margin common, prairie Astragalus nuttallianus DC. Mimosa nuttallii (DC.) B.L. Turner NAF 30 April 1997 NWV 14 May 1997 Nuttall’s milkvetch [Schrankia nuttalii DC.] infrequent, rocky upland Sensitive brier Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. common, rocky upland NPF 30 April 1997 Pediomelum cuspidatum (Pursh) Blue wild indigo NPF 14 May 1997 common, rocky upland Rydb. Cercis canadensis L. [Psoralea cuspidata Pursh] NT 13-28 March, 1997 Tallbread scurfpea Redbud infrequent, rocky upland common, Crosstimbers, rocky upland Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) NPF 14 May 1997 NAF 18 July 1997 Rydb. Greene Partridge pea [Psoralea esculenta Pursh] frequent, disturbed area, prairie Prairie turnip Dalea aurea Nuttall ex Pursh common, rocky upland NPF 18 July 1997 Psoralidum tenuifolium (Pursh) Rydb. Golden prairie clover NPF 14 – 29 May 1997 infrequent, rocky upland [Psoralea tenuifolia Pursh] Dalea candida Willdenow Wild alfalfa NPF 18 June 1997 common, prairie, rocky upland White prairie clover Stylosanthes biflora (L.) B.S.P. common, rocky upland NPF 31 July 1997 Dalea enneandra Nuttall Pencil flower NPF 31 July 1997 infrequent, prairie Nine-anther prairieclover Tephrosia virginica (L.) Pers. infrequent, prairie NPF 31 July 1997 Dalea purpurea Vent. Goat’s rue NPF 18 June 1997 infrequent, prairie Purple prairieclover Trifolium dubium Sibth. common, rocky upland IAF 15 – 30 April 1997 Desmanthus illinoinsis (Michx.) Small hop-clover NPF 18 July 1997 common, mowed meadow MacM. Trifolim repens L. Bundleflower IPF 30 April 1997 common, disturbed area White clover Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl.) Wood common, disturbed area NPF 18 June 1997 Vicia sativa L. Large-flowered tickclover IAF 15 April 1997 common, floodplain forest Common vetch Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. common, disturbed area

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Fagaceae (oak, beech, chestnut family) common, ravine Quercus macrocarpa Michaux Carya texana Buckley NT 18 July 1997 NT 18 July 1997 Burr oak Black hickory infrequent, floodplain forest infrequent, crosstimbers Quercus marilandica Muench. Juglans nigra L. NT 18 July 1997 NT 31 July 1997 Blackjack Black walnut common, crosstimbers common, floodplain forest Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. NT 14 May 1997 Juncaceae (rush family) Chinquapin oak Juncus brachycarpus Engelmann common, floodplain forest NPG 18 June 1997 Quercus stellata Wang. Whiteroot rush NT 18 July 1997 common, disturbed area Post oak Juncus marginatus Rostk. dominant, crosstimbers NPG 18 June 1997 Quercus velutina Lam. Grassleaf rush NT 8 October 1997 infrequent, prairie Black oak Juncus tenuis Willdenow infrequent, crosstimbers NPG 18 June 1997 Slender rush Gentianaceae (gentian family) common, disturbed area Sabatia campestris Nuttall Juncus validus Coville NAF 11 June 1997 NPG 31 July 1997 Prairie rose, pink gentian Bulrush infrequent, prairie common, seep

Geraniaceae (geranium family) Krameriaceae (ratany family) Geranium carolinianum L. Krameria lanceolata Torrey NAF 30 April 1997 NPF 29 May 1997 Carolina crane’sbill Trailing ratany infrequent, disturbed area infrequent, prairie

Grossulariaceae (gooseberry family) Lamiaceae (mint family) Ribes aureum Pursh Hedeoma drummondii Benth. NS 30 April 1997 NPF 20 august 1997 Golden or buffalo current False pennyroyal infrequent, rocky upland common, disturbed area, rocky upland Mondarda citriodora Cerv. Ex Lagasca Iridaceae (iris family) NAF 29 May 1997 Nemastylis geminiflora Nuttall Lemon beebalm NPF 30 April 1997 infrequent, prairie Prairie iris Monarda fistulosa L. Sisyrinchium angustifolium Miller NPF 22 June 1997 NPF 30 April 1997 Wild bergamot Blue-eyed grass infrequent, mowed meadow infrequent, mowed meadow Prunella vulgaris L. Sisyrinchium campestre Bicknell NPF 29 May – 31 July 1997 NPF 15 April 1997 Heal-all Prairie blue-eyed grass common, floodplain forest infrequent, rocky upland Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrad. NPF 10 Sept. 1997 Juglandaceae (walnuts, hickory family) Narrowleaf mountain mint Carya cordiformis (Wang.) Koch common, prairie NT 18 July 1997 Salvia azurea Lam. Bitternut hickory NPF 10 Sept. 1997 infrequent, floodplain forest Blue sage Carya illinoensis (Wang.) Koch common, prairie NT 31 July 1997 Satureja calamintha (L.) Scheele Pecan NPF 14-29 May 1997 Ozark savory abundant, prairie, rocky upland

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Scutellaria parvula Michaux Callirhoe alcaeoides (Michx.) Gray NPF 30 April – 29 May 1997 NPF 30 April 1997 Small skullcap Pink poppy mallow infrequent, prairie, rocky upland infrequent, disturbed area Teucrium canadense L. Callirhoe digitata Nuttall NPF 31 July 1997 var. stipulata Waterfall American germander ssp glabrescens (Kuntze) Raven common, seep NPF 29 May 1997 Trichostema brachiatum L. Fringed poppy mallow NAF 20 August 1997 infrequent, prairie Blue curls Callirhoe involucrata (Nutt.) Gray infrequent, rocky upland NPF 29 May 1997 Winecup, cowboy rose Lemnaceae (duckweed family) common, prairie Wolffia columbiana Karst Sida procumbens Sw. NPL 8 October 1997 NPF 31 July – 10 Sept. 1997 Watermeal Spreading sida common, aquatic common, rocky upland

Liliaceae (lily family) Menispermaceae (moonseed family) Allium canadense L. Cocculus carolinus (L.) DC. NPF 30 April 1997 NWV 29 May 1997 Wild onion/garlic Carolina snailseed common, rocky upland infrequent, floodplain forest Allium drummondii Regel NPF 15 April 1997 Moraceae (mulberry, fig family) Drummond’s wild onion Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneider common, rocky upland NT 14 May 1997 Allium stellatum Nuttal Bois d’arc, osage orange NPF 8 October 1997 common, rocky upland Autumn wild onion Morus rubra L. common, rocky upland NT 31 July 1997 Androstephium coerulium (Scheele) Torr. Red mulberry NPF 28 March 1997 common, floodplain forest Blue funnel lily common, rocky upland Oleaceae (olive, privet, ash family) Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory Forestiera pubescens Nuttall NPF 14 May 1997 NS 28 Feb – 13 Mar 1997 Eastern camass Elbowbush infrequent, rocky upland abundant, rocky upland Cooperia drummondii Herb. Fraxinus americana L., var. Americana NPF 10 Sept 1997 NT 30 April 1997 Rain lily White ash infrequent, disturbed area infrequent, rocky upland Erythronium albidum Nuttall Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. NPF 13 March 1997 NT 31 July 1997 White dogtooth violet, fawn lily Green ash common, rocky upland common, floodplain forest Ligustrum sinense Lour. Lythraceae (loosestrife family) IS 29 May 1997 Lythrum alatum Pursh Privet var. lanceolatum (Ell.) T. & G infrequent, disturbed area NPF 31 July – 10 Sept. 1997 Tall loosestrife Onagraceae (evening primrose family) infrequent, wet prairie Calylophus serrulatus (Nutt.) Raven Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne NPF 14, 29 May 1997 var. interior Fern. & Grisc. Sundrops, plains yellow primrose NAF 10 Sept. 1997 common, prairie, rocky upland Toothcup Gaura longiflora Spach. common, pond margin NAF 20 Aug, 10 Sept. 1997 Common, prairie Malvaceae (mallow, hibiscus, cotton family) Gaura parviflora Dougl. Ex Lehm

Johnson, F.L. 76 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

NAF 31 July 1997 Oxalidaceae (oxalis family) Velvety gaura Oxalis corniculata L. common, disturbed area NPF 30 April 1997 Gaura suffulta Engelm. Ex Gray Yellow wood-sorrel NAF 14 May – 18 Jun 1997 common, disturbed area Beeblossom Oxalis volacea L. common, rocky upland, prairie NPF 15 April 1997 Ludwigia peploides (H.B.K.) Raven Violet wood-sorrel NAE 31 July – 10 Sept. 1997 common, floodplain forest Water primrose, water pennies common pond margin Passifloraceae (passionflower family) Oenothera linifolia Nuttall Passiflora incarnata L. NAF 14 May 1997 NPF 2 August 2001 Flax-leaf evening primrose Blue passionflower common, rocky upland, prairie infrequent, prairie Oenothera macrocarpa Nuttall Passiflora lutea L. NPF 14 May 1997 NPF (not yet found, but predicted) Large-fruited evening primrose Yellow passionvine infrequent, rocky upland infrequent, floodplain forest Oenothera speciosa Nuttall NPF 29 May 1997 Phytolaccaceae (pokeweed family) Showy evening primrose Phytolacca americana L. common, prairie NPF 18 June 1997 Stenosiphon linifolius (Nutt.) Heynh. Pokeweed NPF 10 Sept. 1997 infrequent, disturbed area Stenosiphon common, prairie Plantaginaceae (plantain family) Plantago aristata Michaux Ophioglossaceae (grape fern, adder’s-tongue family) NAF 29 May 1997 Botrychium virginicum (L.) Sw. Bottlebrush plantain NPF 15 April – 29 May 1997 infrequent, prairie Virginia grape-fern Plantago lanceolata L. common, crosstimbers IPF 29 May 1997 Ophioglossum engelmannii Prandtl English plantain NPF 30 April 1997 infrequent, prairie Limestone adder’s tongue Plantago patagonica Jacq. common, rocky upland NAF 29 May 1997 Wooly plantain Orchidaceae (orchid family) infrequent, prairie Spiranthes cernua (L.) L.C. Rich. Plantago pusilla Nuttall NPF 8 October 1997 NAF April 1999 Nodding ladies’-tresses Dwarf plantain infrequent, rocky upland infrequent, disturbed area Spiranthes lacera Raffinesque Plantago rugelii Dcne. NPF 10 Sept. 1997 NPF 16 July 1993 Slender ladies’-tresses Blackseed plantain infrequent, prairie infrequent, prairie Spiranthes magnicamporum Sheviak Plantago virginica L. NPF NAF 29 May 1997 Great plains ladies’-tresses Paleseed plantain infrequent, seep common, prairie Spiranthes ovalis Lindl. NPF Platanaceae (sycamore family) October ladies’-tresses Platanus occidentalis L. infrequent, prairie NT 31 July 1997 Sycamore Orobanchaceae (broomrape family) common, floodplain forest Orobanche uniflora L. NPF(one, no voucher) 29 April 2000 Poaceae (grass family) One-flowered broomrape Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. infrequent, floodplain forest NPG 29 May 1997 Ticklegrass

Johnson, F.L. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 77 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

common, prairie IPG 30 April - 29 May 1997 Aira elegantissima Schur. Orchard grass IAG 14 May 1997 common, disturbed area Hairgrass Dicanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) infrequent, rocky upland Gould & Clark Andropogon gerardii Vitman NPG 29 May & 10 Sept. 1997 NPG 20 August 1997 Early panicum Big bluestem common, disturbed area, prairie infrequent, rocky upland Dicanthelium boscii (Poir.) Gould & Clark Aristida dichotoma Michaux NPG 14 May 1997 NAG 8 October 1997 Bosc’s panic Churchmouse threeawn common, floodplain forest infrequent, disturbed area Dicanthelium oligosanthes Aristida oligantha Michaux Schult.) Gould var. oligosanthes NAG 10 Sept. 1997 NPG 14 – 29 May 1997 Oldfield threeawn Small panicgrass common, disturbed area infrequent, disturbed area, rocky upland, prairie Aristida purpurea Nuttall Dicanthelium sphaerocarpon (Ell.) Gould NPG 14 May 1997 NPG 14 May 1997 Purple threeawn Leafy panicum common, rocky upland common, prairie Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw) Rydb Digitata cognata (Schult.) Pilger NPG 18 June 1997 NPG 10 Sept. 1997 Silvertop bluestem [Leptoloma cognatum (Schult.) Chase] common, disturbed area Fall witchgrass Buteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torrey common, floodplain forest NPG 18 July 1997 Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. Sideoats grama IAG 20 Aug – 10 Sept. 1997 infrequent, rocky upland Barnyard grass Bouteloua hirsuta Lag. infrequent, pond margin NPG 20 August 1997 Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Hairy grama IAG 18 July 1997 common, rocky upland Goosegrass Bouteloua pectinata Featherly infrequent, disturbed area NPG 20 August 1997 Elymus virginicus L. Tall grama NPG 18 June 1997 common, rocky upland, prairie Virginia wild rye Bromus catharticus Vahl common, disturbed area IAG 30 April 1997 Erioneuron pilosum (Buckl.) Nash Rescue grass NPG 30 April 1997 infrequent, rocky upland, disturbed area Hairy tridens Bromus pubescens Muhl. Ex Willd. infrequent, disturbed area NPG 14 May 1997 Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Canada brome IPG 30 April – 14 May 1997 common, floodplain forest Meadow fescue Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm infrequent, disturbed area, floodplain forest NPG 14 May 1997 Hordeum pusillum Nuttall Buffalo grass NAG 29 May 1997 infrequent, prairie Little barley Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx) Yates infrequent, disturbed area NAG 18 July – 10 Sept. 1997 Koelaria macrantha (Ledeb.) J.A. Schultes Inland sea oats NPG 14 May 1997 common, floodplain forest, Crosstimbers Junegrass Coelorachis cylindrica (Michx.) Nash infrequent, rocky upland NPG 29 May, 18 June 1997 Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth Mousetail NPG 10 Sept. 1997 common, disturbed area, prairie Bearded sprangletop Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. infrequent, pond margin IPG 29 May 1997 Lolium perenne L. Bermuda grass IPG 29 May 1997 common, disturbed area Perennial ryegrass Dactylis glomerata L.

Johnson, F.L. 78 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

common, prairie infrequent, disturbed area Muhelbergia reverchonii Vasey & Scrib. Sporobolus vaginiflorus (T.ex G.) Wood NPG 20 Aug 1999 NAG 10 Sept. 1997 Seep muhly Poverty dropseed infrequent, rocky upland common, disturbed area Muhlenbergia schreberei J.F. Gmel. Tridens flavus (L.) Hitchcock NPG NPG 31 July 1997 Nimblewill Purpletop infrequent, floodplain forest common, floodplain forest Nassella leucotricha (T.& R.) Barkw. Tridens strictus (Nutt.) Nash NPG 14 May 1997 NPG 10 Sept. 1997 [Stipa leucotrichaTrin & Rupr.] Longspike tridens Texas wintergrass infrequent, pond margin common, prairie Tripsacum dactyloides L. Panicum anceps Michaux NPG 18 June 1997 NPG 31 July 1997 Gama grass Beaked panic infrequent, prairie common, floodplain forest Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Rydb. Panicum capillare L. IAG 8 October 1997 NAG 18 July 1997 Poverty grass Witchgrass common, disturbed area infrequent, rocky upland Panicum virgatum L. Polygalaceae (milkwort family) NPG 10 Sept. 1997 Polygala incarnata L. Switchgrass NAF 31 July 1997 common, prairie Pink milkwort Paspalum dilatatum Poir. infrequent, prairie IPG 18 June 1997 Dallis grass Polygonaceae (buckwheat, knotweed family) common, disturbed area Eriogonum longifolium Nuttall Phalaris caroliniana Walt. NPF 20 August – 8 Oct. 1997 NAG 14 May 1997 Longleaf buckwheat Maygrass common, rocky upland, prairie infrequent, prairie Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. Poa annua L. NPF 8 October 1997 IAG 15 April 1997 Mild water-pepper Annual bluegrass infrequent, pond margin common, disturbed area Polygonum lapathifolium L. Poa pratensis L. NAF 10 Sept. 1997 IPG 30 April 1997 Pale smartweed Kentucky bluegrass infrequent, pond margin common, disturbed area Polygonum persicaria L. Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash NAF 20 August 1997 NPG 20 August 1997 Lady’s thumb Little bluestem common, disturbed area common, rocky upland Polygonum punctatum L. Setaria geniculata (Lam.) Beauv. NAF 20 August 1997 NPG 18 June – 30 July 1997 Water smartweed Knotroot foxtail infrequent, pond margin common, disturbed area Rumex crispus L. Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash IPF 29 May 1997 NPG 10 Sept. 1999 Curly dock Indiangrass common, riparian infrequent, prairie Rumex hastatulus Baldw. Sorghum halapense (L.) Pers. NAF 18 June 1997 IPG 18 June 1997 Heartwing sorrel Johnson grass common, disturbed area common, disturbed area Sporobolus compositus (Poir) Merr. Portulacaceae (portulaca family) [Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth Claytonia virginica L. NAG 28 Sept. 1999 NPF 28 March 1997 Dropseed Spring beauty common, rocky upland

Johnson, F.L. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 79 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Primulaceae (primrose family) Downy haw Dodecatheon meadia L. infrequent, rocky upland var. brachycarpa (Small) Fassett Fragaria virginica P. Mill. NPF 30 April 1997, 16 July 1993 var. illinoensis (Prince) Gray Shooting star NPF 15 April 1997 common, rocky upland Wild strawberry Samolus parviflorus Raf infrequent, crosstimbers NAEF 14 May 1997 Geum canadense Jacq. Smallflower brookweed NPF 29 May 1997 common, aquatic White avens infrequent, crosstimbers Pteridaceae (bracken fern) Prunus angustifolia Marsh. Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) Link. NS 13 March 1997 NPF 29 May 1997 Chickasaw plum Purple cliff brake infrequent, rocky upland Prunus mexicana Wats. Ranunculaceae (buttercup, larkspur family) NT 13 March 1997 Anemone berlandieri Pritz Mexican plum NPF 28 March, 14 May 1997 common, crosstimbers Ten-petal windflower Prunus serotina Ehrh. infrequent, rocky upland, prairie NT 18 July 1997 Delphinium carolinianum Walt Wild cherry NPF 14 - 29 May 1997 infrequent, crosstimbers Ssp. Virescens (Nutt.) Brooks Pyrus communis L. Plains larkspur IT 28 March 1997 common, prairie Common pear Ranunculus hispidus Michaux infrequent, rocky upland NPF 30 April 1997 Rosa foliolosa Nuttall Bristly buttercup NPF 18 June 1997 infrequent, disturbed area Prairie rose infrequent, rocky upland Rhamnaceae (buckthorn family) Rosa carolina L. Berchemia scandens (Hill) K. Koch NS 14 May 1997 NWV 14 May 1997 Swamp rose Rattan vine common, pond margins common, disturbed area, forest edges Rosa setigera Michaux Ceanothus herbaceus Raffinesque NS 18 June 1997 NS 30 April 1997 Climbing prairie rose New Jersey tea common, rocky upland infrequent, rocky upland Rubus flagellaris Willdenow Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray NS 15 April 1997 NT 29 May 1997 Northern dewberry [Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.] common, disturbed area Indian cherry common, rocky upland, Crosstimbers, forest Rubiaceae (madder, coffee family) Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Rosaceae (rose family) NS 31 July 1997 Agrimonia pubescens Wallr. Buttonbush NPF 20 August 1997 infrequent, seep Downy agrimony Diodia teres Walt. infrequent, floodplain forest NAF 20 August 1997 Agrimonia rostellata Wallr. Poor-Joe NPF 28 Sept. 1999 infrequent, rocky upland Beaked agrimony Galium circaezans Michaux infrequent, floodplain forest NPF 14 – 29 May 1997 Crataegus crus-gallii L. Weedy bedstraw NST 30 April 1999 infrequent, floodplain forest Cockspur hawthorn Galium virgatum Nuttall infrequent, rocky upland NAF 14 May 1997 Crataetus mollis (T.& G.) Scheele Southwest bedstraw NT 10 Sept. 1997 infrequent, rocky upland

Johnson, F.L. 80 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Hedyotis crassifolia Raffinesque NAF 15 April 1997 NAF 13 March 1997 Purslane speedwell Prairie bluets, Quaker ladies common, mowed meadow common, rocky upland Smilacaceae (greenbrier family) Rutaceae (citrus family) Smilax bona-nox L. Ptelea trifoliata L. NWV 14 May 1997 NST(fruit) 10 Sept. 1997 Greenbrier, cat’s claw Hop tree, wafer ash common, rocky upland infrequent, rocky upland Smilax rotundifolia L. Zanthoxylum americanum Miller NWV 30 April 1997 NS 30 April 1997 Greenbrier Prickly ash infrequent, floodplain forest common, crosstimbers Zanthoxylum clava-herculis L. Solanaceae (nightshade, potato family) NT (no flrs) 10 Sept. 1997 Physalis angulata L. Hercules’ club NAF 18 June 1997 infrequent, old homesite Cutleaf ground cherry common, disturbed area Salicaceae (willow, cottonwood family) Solanum carolinense L. Populus nigra L. NPF 18 June 1997 NT Not collected: need specimen Carolina horsenettle Cottonwood infrequent, disturbed area infrequent, floodplain forest Solanum dimidiatum Raffinesque Salix nigra Marsh NAF 18 June 1997 NT 30 April 1997 Horsenettle Black willow common, disturbed area infrequent, riparian, pond margin Solanum rostratum Dunal NAF 18 June 1997 Sapotaceae (sapodilla family) Buffalo bur Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michaux infrequent, disturbed area NT 18 July 1997 [Bumelia lanuginosa (Mix.) Pers Typhaceae (cattail family) Chittamwood Typha angustifolia L. common, rocky upland NPEF 18 June 1997 Narrowleaf cattail Scrophulariaceae (penstemon family) infrequent, aquatic Agalinis fasciculata (Ell.) Raf. NAF 10 Sept. 1997 Ulmaceae (elm, hackberry family) Beach gerardia Celtis laevigata Willdenow abundant, disturbed area NT 31 July 1997 Castilleja indivisa Engelmann Sugarberry NAF 15 April 1997 common, floodplain forest Indian paintbrush Celtis reticulata Torrey common, rocky upland NT 18 July 1997 Nuttallanthus texanus (Scheele) D.A.Sutton Roughleaf hackberry NAF 15 April 1997 common, rocky upland [Linaria texana Scheele] Ulmus alata Michaux Texas toadflax NT 28 Feb 1997 common, rocky upland Winged elm Penstemon cobaea Nuttall common, rocky upland, crosstimbers NPF 14 May 1997 Ulmus americana L. Large beardtongue NT 13 March 1997 common, rocky upland American elm Penstemon oklahomensis Pennell infrequent, floodplain forest, rocky upland NPF 14 May 1997 Ulmus rubra Muhlenberg Oklahoma penstemon NT 28 Feb 1997 infrequent, prairie Slippery elm Veronica arvensis L. common, crosstimbers IAF 15 April 1997 Common speedwell infrequent, mowed meadow Veronica peregrina L.

Johnson, F.L. Oklahoma Native Plant Record 81 Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Urticaceae (nettle family) Viola sororia Willdenow Parietaria pennsylvanica Muhl. NPF 28 March 1997 NAF 29 May 1997 Butterfly violet Pennsylvania pellitory common, floodplain forest common, floodplain forest Viscaceae (mistletoe family) Valerianaceae (valerian family) Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Valerianella radiata Dufr. Reveal & Johnston NAF 30 April 1997 NP%@S 13 March 1997 Beaked cornsalad Mistletoe infrequent, rocky upland infrequent, crosstimbers

Verbenaceae (vervain family)\ Vitaceae (grape family) Glandularia bipinnatifida Nuttall Ampelopsis cordata Michaux NAF 15 April 1997 NWV 18 July 1997 [Verbena bipinnatifida Nuttall] Raccoon grape Sweet William infrequent, crosstimbers pond margin, common, rocky upland disturbed area Verbena stricta Ventenat Cissus incisa (Nutt.) Des Moulins NPF 18 June – 31 July 1997 NWV 29 May 1997 Wooly vervain Possum grape common, disturbed area infrequent, rocky upland Verbena urticifolia L. Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch NAF 18 June 1997 NWV 31 July 1997 White vervain Virginia creeper infrequent, floodplain forest common, ravine, floodplain forest, crosstimbers Violaceae (violet family) Vitis aestivalis Michaux Viola bicolor Pursh NWV 18 July 1997 NAF 13 March 1997 Pigeon grape Johnny-jump-up infrequent, disturbed common, mowed meadow

Johnson, F.L. 82 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002

Editorial

Water, Soil, and Plant Diversity in Oklahoma Sheila Strawn

In 1963 John Shed and William Penfound precipitation is not sufficient to leach all the did a study on legume distribution. They found a minerals from our limestone soils. Dense stands general relationship between soils and vegetation of forbs and grasses grow in the Tallgrass Prairie types. Sand deposits generally became forests Preserve where these mineral-rich formations are while limestone and clay deposits generally not leached by excess precipitation. became prairie (Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 44:2-6). Southwest of the Refuge the precipitation But soil-to-plant relationships are not always that rate is so low that much of the water evaporates simple. Tropographic effects such as slope and before it gets very deep into the soil. In those solar and wind exposure as well as precipitation soils, the calcium ions accumulate at the lowest rates can override the characteristics of the level of water penetration, sometimes, just inches various soils making it difficult to determine from the surface and form a calcium carbonate. specific soil types based on vegetation. Known as "caliche", this layer restricts root In 1964 Dr. Paul Buck wrote "Relationships growth, so fewer species grow on caliche. of the Woody Vegetation of the Wichita Gypswn, mostly calcium sulfate, was formed long Mountains Wildlife Refuge to Geological ago in a similar manner when the seawater Formations and Soil Types (Ecology 45:2). He evaporated from the plains. In Oklahoma had found that when it rains, soil type and Mesquite and mixed grass are associated with topographic features, together, control the “gyp soil”. movement of water. Granite formations at the Soil and water relations alone do not explain Refuge erode to make a cobbly soil at the foot of why plants grow where they do in Oklahoma. the mountains that drains quickly, making it Other variables like humus, micro-organisms, difficult for some plants to become established. nematodes, grazing animals, fire, ice, windstorms, Different amounts and patterns of precipitation and human influence all work on a smaller scale can also interact with soil type producing and are responsible for much of the physical gradients of moisture availability for plants with heterogeneity and resultant biodiversity. This different moisture requirements. Some species small-scale heterogeneity is what actually can live only at certain positions across the accounts for our having more species than other moisture gradient. Others are more tolerant of continental United States, except California, variable moisture availability. Sugar Maple is Florida, and Texas. able to dominate some of the more mesic, cobbly Ironically, plant diversity in Oklahoma has patches near streams, while Black-jack Oak been woefully understudied. With the promise of dominates the less mesic, cobbly upland patches improved medical treatments based on genetic in this newly formed soil. engineering, we need to know where species are In places like the Carolinas bountiful in Oklahoma that might be beneficial. We are, precipitation on limestone soils can actually make therefore, obliged to preserve as much of our soil very poor in nutrients. Organic acids from the diversity as we can. But we will need to save it on abundant vegetation react with calcium, sodium, the landscape level, because it is our diverse and magnesium ions in the soil The abundant landscape that supports our diverse biota. Indeed, rainfall then leaches them from the soil and researching and preservmg Oklahoma's washes them into the groundwater below the landscape-to-species relationships is worth reach of roots. However, this is not usually the researching and preserving twice as much case in Oklahoma. Oklahoma actually loses more elsewhere. water to evaporation than it gets in precipitation. Rivers and groundwater from the Rocky Mountains make up the difference. Here, ONPS

Strawn, S. https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.17.100015 Editorial Policies and Practices

Oklahoma Native Plant Record is published annually by Oklahoma Native Plant Society. Submission for publication in the journal is open to all. Manuscripts will be accepted on topics related to Oklahoma's regional botany, including historical research reports, current research articles, site record species lists, and descriptions of new or important species sightings in Oklahoma. Oklahoma's environmental gradients of human impact, climate, and elevation make us a prime target for research on habitat edges, species ranges, and edge species, but articles of other themes may be included as well. Important works overlooked by journals of broader geographic regions will also be considered for publication here. Papers must not have been published previously or accepted for submission elsewhere and should represent research conducted in accordance with accepted procedures and scientific ethics. Submission of the article implies the granting of copyright permission to Oklahoma Native Plant Society. Manuscripts will be reviewed for content and appropriateness by at least two reviewers. The title page should state the affiliation and complete addresses of all authors and telephone numbers for the corresponding author. Research and technical papers should include a one-paragraph abstract of not more than 250 words. It should concisely state the goals, principal results, and major conclusions of the paper. All references, figures, and tables should be cited in the text. Common names should be referenced to a scientific name. Abbreviations of authorities for scientific names should follow Authors of Plant Names (Brummitt and Powell, 1992). Titles of periodicals should be abbreviated following Botanico-Peridoicum-Huntianum and its supplement - except in historic publications when original format will be used. Authors with access to IBM-compatible microcomputers are encouraged to send a copy of the manuscript on diskette in rtf (rich text format). If the manuscript is typed, manuscripts should be double-spaced on 8 1/2 X 11 inch paper with minimum one-inch margins and should be submitted in duplicate. Diskette or hardcopy manuscripts should be sent to the managing editor at the ONPS address on the back cover by June 1. Non-Profit Oklahoma Native Plant Society Organization c/o Tulsa Garden Center U.S. Postage Paid 2435 South Peoria Tulsa, OK Tulsa, Oklahoma 74114 Permit No. 357

In this issue of Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 2, Number 1, December 2002:

4 Vascular Plants of theWichita Mountains. Dr. PaulBuck

22 Floristic List for Comanche County, Oklahoma. Dr. Bruce W. Hoagland

54 Schoenoplectus hallii and S. saximontanus Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge Survey 2000. Dr. Lawrence K. Magrath

65 Pontotoc Ridge Floristic Survey: 1999. Dr. Forest Johnson, Ms. Patricia Folley (ed.)

82 ONPS Editorial: Water, Soil, and Plant Diversity in Oklahoma