On Evangelical Ecclesiology

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On Evangelical Ecclesiology Editorial 3 Contents Contributors 5 Editorial 6–7 JOHN WEBSTER On Evangelical Ecclesiology 9–35 ROBIN GILL Health Care, Jesus and the Church 37–55 MARIA ERLING The Coming of Lutheran Ministries to America 56–74 MARTYN PERCY Joking Apart: Exploring Comedy and Irony in Anglican Polity 75–86 DAVID GRUMETT Church, World and Christ in Teilhard de Chardin 87–103 PAUL AVIS Article Review: The Conciliar Tradition in the Western Church, from the Eve of the Great Schism to the Vatican Councils 104–108 PAUL MCPARTLAN Article Review: Vatican II After Forty Years 109–113 Reviews WESLEY CARR Paul Avis, A Church Drawing Near: Spirituality and Mission in a Post-Christian Culture 114–116 FRANCES YOUNG Michelle Slee, The Church in Antioch in the First Century CE: Communion and Conflict 117–118 MARTIN B. DAVIE Jeremy Morris and Nicholas Sagovsky (eds.), The Unity We Have and the Unity We Seek 119–122 ALYSON BARNETT- Paul Avis (ed.), Seeking the Truth of Change in COWAN the Church: Reception, Communion and the Ordination of Women 122–125 Guidelines for Contributors 126 Editorial 5 Contributors MARIA ERLING is Associate Professor of the History of Christianity in North America, and Global Mission at the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg, USA. DAVID GRUMETT has recently gained a PhD degree from the University of Cambridge and has held a teaching fellowship in the Department of Theology of the University of Exeter, England. ROBIN GILL is the Michael Ramsey Professor of Modern Theology at the University of Kent at Canterbury, England, and an Honorary Canon of the Cathedral. MARTYN PERCY is Principal of Ripon College Cuddesdon, Oxford, England, and Adjunct Professor of Theology and Ministry at Hartford Seminary, Connecticut, USA. JOHN WEBSTER is Professor of Systematic Theology in the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. 6 Ecclesiology Editorial Ecclesiology is a major new ecumenical and international theological journal devoted to the study of the Church. It is designed to meet the growing demand, in churches, seminaries and among individuals, for theological resources in the area of ecclesiology. A working definition of ecclesiology as a theological discipline might be: ‘The scholarly and critical study of the nature, purpose and actions of the Christian Church.’ Ecclesiology as a discipline is concerned primarily with the theological identity of the one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church of Jesus Christ. It is true to say that ecclesiology is one of the most creative and dynamic areas of theological endeavour today. In a secondary and derivative sense it is also concerned with the identities of particular churches. Ecclesiology will be published three times per year: in September, January and May. In our design of each issue and selection of material we aim to be guided by the three criteria of sound research, clarity of presentation and contemporary relevance. Our main areas of focus will be the central concerns of the theological study of the Church: mission, ministry and unity. First, there will be a mission focus. This journal aims not to be inward looking, focusing on the domestic agenda of the churches, but to take its cue from the mission of the Church in the world (or, to put it more correctly: the Church’s role in the missio dei ). The missiological thrust of the journal will include the study of the Church’s evangelistic task, its engagement with increasingly secular cultures and pluralist societies in the West, and its interaction with other faiths. Second, there will be a ministry focus. Within the shaping context of mission, the journal will offer a platform for the study of Christian ministry, ordained and lay. It will sponsor explorations of the biblical and theological meaning of ministry (diakonia). It will deal with the three ministerial tasks (tria munera) of teaching, sanctifying and governing – in other words, the triple ministry of word, sacrament and pastoral responsibility in the Church. It will consider the commissioning and authority of the ministry, the message it proclaims, its ordering according to biblical and patristic patterns, its liturgical roles and the various skills that lay and ordained ministers require in today’s demanding society. © The Continuum Publishing Group Ltd 2004 The Tower Building, 11 York Road, London SE1 7NX and 15 East 26th Street, Suite 1703, New York, NY 10010, USA. Editorial 7 Third, there will be a unity focus. The journal will wrestle with current ecumenical debates about the nature of Church unity, spiritual and visible, mystical and institutional. It will attempt to cover the main bases of ecumenical theology that see Christian unity expressed in: a common confession of the apostolic faith; a mutually recognized and interchangeable ministry; a common sacramental life focused on Christian initiation, centred on baptism and the Eucharist; and connected structures of leadership, pastoral oversight (episkope) and decision- making. In addition to these core areas, the journal will also feature articles exploring wider issues in ecclesiology, including those to do with the identity of the Christian Church in the modern or postmodern world, and methodological questions concerning the place of ecclesiology within Christian theology. Some other key features that help to identify this journal are: • A broad interdisciplinary approach to ecclesiological issues, taking in biblical studies, church history, historical and contemporary theology, applied theology and ecclesial ethics. • An ecumenical and international (particularly transatlantic) flavour, reflected in the make-up of the Editorial Team and the complexion of the wider body of editorial consultants (the Editorial Advisory Board). • A policy of combining scholarly depth and rigour with clear relevance to current issues facing the churches, in a way that appeals to practitioners, such as bishops and other church leaders, clergy and ministers, lay people, seminarians and students – as well as to teachers of theology and other scholars. • An imaginative approach to book reviews, with adequate space allocated for review articles, including in-depth evaluation of significant theological publications, and the occasional dialogue between author and reviewer. Altogether, Ecclesiology is more than another theological journal: it is a journal with a cause – to advance the mission, ministry and unity of Christ’s Church. Our intention is to intersperse general issues with themed issues that provide a coherent resource for study and reflection. This first issue is a general one. The second issue will be a themed issue on ‘Holy Order’, with articles on aspects of Ministry and Ordination from Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Methodist and Anglican perspectives. PAUL AVIS Convening Editor © The Continuum Publishing Group Ltd 2004. [ECCL 1.1 (2004) 9–35] ISSN 1744 –1366 On Evangelical Ecclesiology 9 On Evangelical Ecclesiology * JOHN WEBSTER ABSTRACT Evangelical ecclesiology describes the relation between the gospel and the church, and in particular the way in which the grace of the triune God constitutes the church as the communion of saints. Consequently: (1) The doctrine of the church is shaped by an account of the perfection of God, i.e. the sufficiency and fullness of God’s being and act. This perfection is not inclusive (as in some communion ecclesiologies), but is to be thought of as a movement of grace in which God determines himself for fellowship with his creatures. (2) The visibility of the church (pervasive in modern ecclesiology) is properly a spiritual visibility, which the church has by virtue of the Spirit’s act. The primary visible acts of the church are its attestations of the presence and action of God. The Church and the Perfection of God 1. The task of evangelical ecclesiology is to describe the relation between the gospel and the church. It is charged to investigate the sense in which the existence of a new human social order is a necessary implicate of the gospel of Jesus Christ, asking whether the life of the Christian community is internal to the logic of the gospel or simply accessory and accidental. Are gospel and church extrinsically or internally related? The answer proposed here can be described summarily in the following way: The matter of the gospel is the free majesty of the triune God’s grace in his works of creation, reconciliation and completion. Out of the plenitude and limitless perfection of his own self-originating life as Father, Son and Spirit, God determines to be God with his creatures. This directedness of God to creatures has its eternal origin in the purpose of the Father. The Father wills that ex nihilo there should come into being a creaturely counterpart to the fellowship of love which is the inner life of the Holy Trinity. This purpose is put into effect by God the Son, who is both maker and remaker of creatures, calling them into being and calling them back into being when they have fallen into estrangement from the one through whom and for whom they are made. And the divine purpose is perfected in the Spirit. The * What follows is a much compressed version of two lectures at a conference on ‘The Community of the Word: Toward an Evangelical Ecclesiology’, held at Wheaton College in April 2004. © The Continuum Publishing Group Ltd 2004.2004 9 The Tower Building, 11 York Road, London SE1 7NX and 15 East 26th Street, Suite 1703, New York, NY 10010, USA. 10 Ecclesiology Spirit completes creatures by sustaining them in life, directing their course so that they attain their end, which is fellowship with the Father, through the Son and in the Spirit. Fellowship with God is thus the mystery of which the gospel is the open manifestation (Col. 1.26). This manifestation does not simply take the form of an announcement. As the manifestation of God’s purpose for his creatures, it is limitlessly potent and creative; it generates an assembly, a social space (we might even say a polity and a culture).
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