DECEMBER 21, 1973 25 CENTS VOLUME 37/NUMBER 47
A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY /PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE
' Target: Blacks, socialists
-page6
A Militant exclusive: text of Hoover orders -page7
Did FBI agent set up
Fred Hampton killing? };/.{iii§! -page9
FBI spy is uncovered in San Diego frame-up -page 9 In Brief
NEW VICTORIES FOR MICHIGAN UFW SUPPORT SUPREME COURT 1: In a blow to civil liberties, the ERS: Farm workers and· supporters won fresh victories Supreme Court refused Dec. 3 to overturn a ruling that when the largest buyers of non-UFW lettuce and grapes judges in Massachusetts need not allow Black defendants THIS in the Detroit area, the 84 Farmer Jack supermarkets, the right to question potential jurors about racial preju agreed to UFW demands to stop selling the scab pro dice. WEEK'S duce. Justice Thurgood Marshall, William Douglas, and Wil Another victory was registered when a circuit court liam Brennan dissented from the court's ruling, which judge dismissed charges against 81 boycott picketers ar differed from a similar case in South Carolina in which MILITANT rested last week for violating an injunction that was later it ruled in favor of Black defendants. 3 Truckers protest energy struck down. Prior to their hearing Dec. 5, 250 people policies held a protest rally outside the courthouse. SUPREME COURT II: In another recent decision, tht: 4 'Anger rises as energy high court voted· not to review a lower court's decision crisis deepens CHICAGO STUDENTS OUST SCAB LETTUCE: Stu that requires male Indian students at an Oklahoma junior dents at the University of Illinois Chicago Circle campus high school to clip their tribal braids. 5 Arab oil boycott & have won the removal of all non-UFW lettuce from school Justices William Douglas and Thurgood Marshall dis world politics cafeterias. sented from the lower court's opinion, calling it "a coercive 7 SWP Wgate suit goes The school administration acceded to this demand after assimilation policy, denigrating and seeking. to abolish after Nixon aides the campus UFW support committee organized a cam cultural differences," and causing Indian students to re 8 Ramsey Clark appeals paign of petitioning and speaking before classes, and gard the school "as an alien institution." for aid to N.Y. bomb held meetings and a rally last month. The director of the Chicago Circle Center, however, complained to the victims chancellor that the decision had been "pressured" by mili 13 Pressure mounts for Nix tant students, and urged the chancellor not to approve Help us publish , on's resignation it. The final report on The Militant's Forty-fifth Anni 14 300 East Coast trade Boycott activists responded with a delegation to the versary Fund will appear in our next issue. There union women meet administration demanding implementation of the earlier is stifl time to make a contribution- any amount decision. The scab lettuce was removed the next day. 15 Miners approve new will be appreciated and put to good use in our contract demands battle against rising costs. Readers who have made 16 Behind UFT-Shanker a pledge should rush their payment to us now. raid on AFSCME Make checks payable to The Militant Forty-fifth 17 Mideast 'peace' confer Anniversary Fund. Send to 14 Charles Lane, New ence York, N.Y. 10014. 19 The Militant sates drive 21 Interview with Mario Cantu YOUNG SOCIALIST SALES TOP GOAL: Supporters of the Young Socialist, the monthly revolutionary socialist 24 N. Calif. carpenters youth newspaper, have successfully completed a fallsales defy gov't order drive to achieve monthly sales of 10,000 copies. Sales reached 10,616 for the November issue. 2 In Brief The South Boston Young Socialist Alliance set the pace 10 In Our Opinion by selling 541 papers-135 percent of their local goal Letters of 400. The highest total number of YSs were sold by 11 National Picket Line the Upper West Side and Lower Manhattan New York YSA locals, reaching totals of 803 and 740 respectively. By Any Means Neces In all, 20 YSA locals and other areas with YS support sary ers that accepted sales goals met or surpassed them last 12 Great Society month. These high November figures bring the fall Young Women in Revolt Socialist sales average to 9,100 per·month-an increase La Raza en Accion of more than 2,000 since spring.
WORLD OUTLOOK D. C. BOYCOTTERS PICKET SAFEWAY: The largest volume Safeway store in the Washington, D. C., area was 1 Student protests continue INDIVIDUAL PRIVACY AND GOVERNMENT SNOOP picketed last week by 100 farm workers and supporters in Thailand ERS: 1n a classic fox-guarding-the-chicken-coop case, Tom for continuing to carry scab lettuce and grapes. Charles Huston recently ended a one-year term with the 2 British unions defy wage All potential shoppers, including those who drove into Census Bureau's committee on privacy and confidentiali controls; Heath declares the parking lot, were leafleted. Many walked away; others, ty. Huston, the mastermind of the 1970 White House spy 'state of emergency' in cars, immediately headed for the nearest exits. When plan, is a defendant in the Socialist Workers Party suit 3 Iranian intellectual people turned away, picketers burst out with loud cheers. against illegal government harassment and surveillance. The store's business was significantly decreased. -BAXTER SMITH arrested, tortured The picket, which was the largest and most successful 4 Bolivia: the workers in D. C. in recent months, was joined by hospital workers movement revives from George Washington University Hospital, members of the Washington Teachers Union, American Federation of Government Employees Local 41, and Cooks Local 209. YOUR FIRST The picket line was also joined by a group of sight THE MILITANT seeing high school students from New Orleans and several VOLUME 37/NUMBER 47 participants in a Georgetown University impeachment con ISSUE? DECEMBER 21, 1973 ference. aOSING NEWS DATE- DEC. 12, 1973 SUBSCRIBE Editor: MARY-ALICE WATERS BuSiness Manager: SHARON CABANISS Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING Holiday schedule TO THE Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., The last issue of The Militant before our holiday break 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Telephone: MILITANT Editorial Office (212) 243-6392; Business Office (212) will be dated Dec. 28. We will resume our regular weekly 929-3486. Southwest Bureau: 1107 1/2 N. Western schedule with the issue of Jan. 11, 1974. MINERS STRIKE: The Militant backs the coal miners of Har Ave., los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Telephone: (213) 463- If you subscribe to The Militant and plan to move lan County, Ky., in their battle with Duke Power Company. 1917. Correspondence concerning subscriptions or changes soon, don't forget that the post office does not forward For weekly coverage of the struggles of the exploited and of address should be addressed to The Militant Business newspapers. Send your old address label and your new oppressed, subscribe now. Office, 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. address to The Militant business office at least two weeks Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Sub before you move to ensure that you will not miss any scriptions: Domestic: S5 a year; foreign, S8. By first- issues. Introductory ollar-S1/3months . class mail: domestic and Canada, S25; all other coun ( ) $] for three months of The Militant. tries, S41. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada, ( ) $2 for three months of The Militant and three months S32; Mexico and the Caribbean, 530; latin America of the International Socialist Review. and Europe, S40; Africa, Australia, and Asia (including ST. LOUIS ABORTION RIGHTS: Thirty-five people pick USSR), SSO. Write lor sealed air postage rates. ( ) $5 for one year of The Militant For subscriptions airmailed from New York and then eted St. Louis Mayor Poelker' s office Dec. 4 demanding ( ) New ( ) Renewal posted from london directly: Britain and Ireland, l1.20 that he lift a ban on abortions in city hospitals and im for 10 issues, l4.50 lor one year; Continental Europe, plement Supreme Court rulings. A Supreme Court de NAME------l1 .50 for 10 issues, l5.50 for one year, Send banker's cision Nov. 19 struck down Missouri anti-abortion statutes ADDRESS ______draft directly to Pathfinder Press, 47 The Cut, london, as unconstitutional. SE1 8ll, England. Inquire lor air rates from london at CITY---..----- STATE------ZIP----- the same address. The picket was sponsored by the National Organization 14 Charles Lane, New York, N_ Y. I 0014. Signed qrticles by contributors do not necessarily for Women and the Women's Abortion _Action Committee. represent The Militant's views. These are expressed in editorials.
2 Militant truckers tie up traffic to protest Nixon s energy policies By BAXTER SMITH said Jerry Muhanet, a protesting Ohio me." They sit there with glazed eyes from trucker, before he was handcuffed and Word of the truckers' protest quickly lack of sleep, drinking their coffee and whisked away by state police. "But reached the White House. A handful talking- angrily. now we can understand why those of representatives of the owner-opera Some recount stories of rough cop kids got killed. Hell, most of the guys tors were chosen to meet with Trans treatment they received in Ohio or here have fought wars to keep this portation Secretary Claude Brinegar. Pennsylvania. Others complain of the country free, but I guess the kids have They demanded a maximum price lowered speed limit, restrictions on fuel, taught us if you don't like the way of 35.9 cents per gallon for diesel fuel, a uniform nationwide speed limit of 65 mph on interstate highways, an end to police harassment of truckers, standardization and simplification of licensing and taxing laws, and a top priority -allocation of diesel fuel to truckers. ·These independent truckers general ly own- or more likely are still try ing to pay for-their cabs. They con tract the cab and their labor to a trucking company to carry trailers of freight long distances. Militant reporters spoke with drivers at a New Jersey truck stop recently. Some are paid by the mile, they said, and at the lower speed limit it takes longer to cover the same mileage. Pump operators have imposed a fuel maximum- often 20 or 30 gallons and it is quickly guzzled by the thirsty diesels. One trucker accurately placed the blame on the oil trusts when he said, "Well, it's the petroleum com panies. They want something-higher prices, off-shore drills-that's why there's a shortage." Another trucker, David Hunt, _told a New York Daily News reporter just State police confront protesting truckers in Ohio what's involved. He bought his cab in January 1972 for $30,000. To get the $5,000 down payment he had to give up a small farm he had been or the pump operator in Salem, Ill., the country is running, you protest" holding. The payments on the cab. who is asking $1.05 per gallon. Other arrests were reported as ·cops come to $590 a month for four years. Outside are their big chrome-horn- bashed in cab windshields. Added to that are the costs of the . and-lamp-embellished 18-wheeled One driver remarked, "Now. I know licenses and tax stamps required by semis, packed with freight, but with why they call them pigs. I fought .18 states-about $4,000 a year. half- and less than half- full fuel months in Vietnam. For what? To get· His maintenance-10 tires periodi tanks. harassed? To get a little justice." cally at $150 each, $60 every 15,000 The angry mood was the same at One Los Angeles trucker reflected miles for oil, $300 last month when scores of truck stops along the East the militancy of the day: "I'm driving bad fuel fouled his injectors-is high. ern interstate highways last week as until I see other truckers blocking the But the biggest single item is fuel. His thousands of independent owner-oper road, then I'll turn off my engine and Peterbilt has 170-gallon fuel tanks, Snarled traffic at the entrance to the ator truck drivers held massive stall sit in my cab with my .357 magnum but it wolfs down one gallon every Delaware Memorial Bridge Dec. 5. ins-up to 1,000 trucks at one place pistol and let the government move five miles. and snarled traffic in at least 10 states. The drivers were protesting the fuel "When I first bought this tractor, shortage and price increases that are my monthly fuel bills were running in steamrollering over their earnings. the area of $600 to $700," said Hunt. They are the first group to take ac Fitzsimmons' scab role "I just paid my November bill, and it tion against the government and oil Teamsters chief Frank Fitzsimmons "He has assured the industry that was just a few dollars under $1,200, monopolies' attempts to make work has found a new scab role for him the IB T will cooperate as far as for just about the same amount of ing people pay for the artificially pro self. A few weeks ago he tore up possible with the government. But gas I use every month." He figures duced energy crisis. an agreement to stop Teamster with rank-and-file pressures build his net earnings will be "a good bit The tie-up was enormous, providing scabbing on the United Farm Work under $10,000" this year. His plight, a glimpse of the power of the labor ing within the union, there is a ers. serious question of h6w long that he feels, is common. movement if it were mobilized against Now he has become a vociferous can be done." The Interstatj! Commerce Commis such attacks. Reports told of traffic opponent of the protest actions of sion controls the contracts between in some areas backed up 10 to 15 angry truck drivers. Exercise "pa truckers and the companies. After the miles. Near-panic hit.some industries tience and discipline," he entreats. Washington meetings, the ICC said it as they saw the possibility of losing Fitzsimmons met with Nixon for will revise its procedures to permit vital shipments of supplies. 50 minutes Dec. 8 and emerged the truckers to pass along to the com By Dec. 5 the governors of Pennsyl confident that the president would panies the increased costs due to high vania, New Jersey, and Delaware or give "due consideration" to truckers' er fuel prices. The truckers have not . dered tough measures to deal with problems. As against the 55 mph been paid higher rates to compensate the truckers. National guardsmen speed limit Nixon favors, he said for increased fuel costs. towed idled trucks in Ohio, and battle he "very forcefully" pwposed 60 In addition, the Internal Revenue armed highway patrolmen confronted mph. The truckers demana 65. Service said it would check into price angry drivers in Pennsylvania. Ever-sensitive to the bosses' needs, gouging. But this was not seen as "I'd flip this rig across four lanes Fitzsimmons said, "the nation and enough by some of the truckers. They of highway if I thought it would bene its economy are vitally dependent called a nationwide trucking shutdown· fit the trucking industry," said Edwatd upon an efficiently operated trucking Dec. 13-i4. Clay of Catlettsburg, Ky. He pointed industry." Therefore, "I do not con Overdrive magazine of Los Angeles, to the picture of his wife and two done blockages or nationwide which speaks for many of the owner children on the dashboard of his cab strikes." operators, is spearheading the shut and said, "I want to get involved in Those delighted with Fitzsimmons down. A representative told The Mili these protests because, damn, that's include B1!lsiness Week magazine, tant, "It's more about the fuel shortage my family, and this is my livelihood which declared, "Fitzsimm.ons ... and the problems in getting the fuel and theirs." · does not want to reopen trucking than the rates. There should be a News accounts told of the changing contracts on the energy issue and national change. And there hasn'tbeen · attitudes of many of these truckers. embarrass the Nixon administra NIXON & FITZSIMMONS: Seeing eye to any evidence yet that the truckers are "Most of the truck drivers objected to tion. eye, as usual. going to be able to get the fuel they Kent State and the violence there," need."
THE MILITANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 3 LaY-offs, shortag§, and P-rice hikes Anger rises as energy crisis deepens By DICK ROBERTS month in the 25 years that records The president's top economist, Her The energy crisis deepened this week have been kept." bert Stein, told Washington Post and so did the anger of most Ameri e To make matters worse, the Cost reporter Hobart Rowen Nov. 30 that cans against it. In Bay Ridge, on of Living Council aijowed a whole "the energy crisis will not cost the Long Island, one man told a reporter, ·series of price increases to American economy in 1974 more than 2 per "I feel like turning on all the lights Motors, Ford and GM. Small cars, cent in its normal growth and that and leaving them on, pushing the whose sales have been climbing be unemployment will not exceed 6 per thermostat up to full blast, and driving cause of the fuel shortage, got most cent any time during the year." Only across country." 6 percent! Six percent unemployment This expression of defiance is part means 5.4 million out of work, even of an anger increasingly directed at by the government's figures. the right target-the oil corporations, But at the same time oil industry whose quest for profits has resulted executives are claiming that the energy in the current fuel shortage. crisis will go on for a long time. John Gasoline station owners remained Swearingen, chairman of Standard Oil the hardest hit by the shortages. More of Indiana, claimed in Chicago that than 10,000 of the country's 218,000 "1974 will be worse than 1973, and service stations have been permanently 1975will be worse than 1974." closed so far. Mack Victor, executive American Petroleum Institute Presi director of the New York State Associa dent Frank Ikard said in Los Angeles k( 4 Are the Arab rmimes backing down? The oil boycott and world politics By ED SMITH clared that "Japan has entered a catastrophic control of raw materials within the orbit of their High-level negotiations on the Arab oil boycott stage" in which "the very existence of the nation" is world power. took place across the globe this week as represen jeopardized. The Arab oil boycott consequently has a momen tatives of the capitalist powers and the Middle On Nov. 22 Tokyo offered a statement that sup tum of its own, which could go much further than East oil-producing countries attempted in secret ported the diplomatic position of the Arab states. Washington desires. This is particularly true if to reach mutually acceptable terms. Tokyo said that if Israel did not withdraw from the the American people refuse to swallow the anti- At stake are the most lucrative of foreign im occupied territories, Japan might have to "recon perialist holdings- the oil consortiums in the sider its policy toward Israel." Middle East-mainly owned by U.S., British, and In Europe the Arab boycott has also had an Dutch interests (with the U.S. holdings far out impact. It includes the ending of Sunday driving weighing those of the other two countries). and the lowering of heat across the continent. "In The fate of these investments is inseparably Italy," New York Times correspond~nt Terry linked to the political situation in the Middle East. Robards wrote from London Dec. 10, "they are Both the imperialists and the Arab regimes agree talking about the end of 'la dolce vita,' in West on the continued existence of Israel. But the Arab Germany the people complain about huge price governments insist on sufficient concessions to quell increases for fuel, in the Netherlands there is talk of reopening exhausted coal mines and in Den mark the number of highway accidents has fallen sharply as a result of lower speed limits." Under pressure from the oil boycott, a number of European governments have "tilted" toward the diplomatic stance of the Arab states. EHect in U.S. Representatives from the Arab regimes have been coming to the U.S., the central citadel of world imperialism, i_n hopes they could make gains at the bargaining tables. In the United States the situation is more com plex than it is in Europe and Japan. On one side the Arab oil boycott dovetailed with the policies of the oil trusts themselves, who had already created an artificial fuel shortage to drive up U.S. oil prices and to put on pressure for their long list of energy-squeeze demands. Not the least important item on this list was U.S. troops on desert maneuvers stirring up an anti-Arab climate to be utilized if Washington decided to intervene in the Middle East A German highway on Sunday with U. S. military forces. A barrage of propa Arab propaganda and increasingly turn the fuel ganda was unleashed to persuade Americans that crisis back on its central contrivers, the oil barons the oil shortages here have been caused by the and their agents in the Nixon administration. the mass pressures against Israel that drove them Arabs- even though to this day the effect of the Under these circumstances, the Arab oil minis into the October war. ters were not greeted with open arms in Washington In the long run this is no solution. The history this week. Two of the most influential capitalist of the Middle East since the rise of Israel shows dailies, the New York Times and the Wall Street that "peaceful coexistence" between the Zionist Journal, hinted at the possible necessity of "teach settler-state and the Palestinian Arabs it dis ing the Arabs a lesson." possessed is utopian. The Arab oil ministers adopted a softer tone Ann even in the short run a settlement of the Oc than previously. Belaid Abdesalam, the Algerian tober war that will satisfy all the governments in minister, declared in Washington Dec. 8 that he volved is proving extremely difficult to reach, had been "encouraged to a certain degree" by his largely because of Israeli intransigence. When discussions with Secretary of State Henry Saudi Arabia and the other oil-producing coun Kissinger. tries initiated the oil boycott, the Saudi monarchy Saudi Arabian Sheik Ahmed Zaki Yamani said hinted that it would last until Israel withdrew from he had been talking with American businessmen all the lands occupied in 1967, not to speak of about ways of "helping Saudi Arabia become in those seized in October 1973. The "oil weapon" dustrialized," according to the Dec. 9 New York was designed to pressure Europe, Japan, and the Times. U.S., hoping they would in turn pressure Israel Both ministers "indicated that they preferred to into making a few concessions. do their shopping for equipment [especially mili tary equipment-E. S.] in North America [rather] than in the Soviet bloc." EHect abroad This is one way of saying that these regimes As far as the lesser imperialist powers are con set their long-run sights on collaboration with Arab foreign ministers with Nixon cerned, the boycott has taken a toll. This is es world imperialism, above all with the United States. pecially true of Japan, which has no internal Their boycott, as they said in full-page advertise sources of oil, and must look to the Arab coun ments, was begun "more in sorrow than in anger." boycott has not begun to be felt in the United tries, Iran, and Indonesia, for all its supplies of As Egyptian President Anwar Sadat changed States. this crucial energy source. his position on the impending Geneva talks (see Moreover, the U.S. oil interests stand to profit Mainichi Shimbun, a major daily, recently de- story, page 1 7) the oil ministers asserted that they from higher fuel prices in both Japan and Europe, would begin to lift the boycott on the promise of since they own so much of the Middle East's oil. Israeli withdrawal rather than on actual steps. In fact, every Middle East crisis since World War This news caused a three-day, 60-point rally on II has increasingly shifted the balance of oil power the stock market. and profits to U.S. companies. Nevertheless, it is impossible to know what terms But there is another side to this pro.cess. The will finally be reached and consequently how long imperialists view Israel as a critical link in their the oil boycott will last or how deep it will go. chain of control in the Middle East. They especially Huge interests involving a number of countries do not want to make concessions under the· are at stake. pressure of political and military measures by the In addition, no one can foretell either how far Arab regimes. the American working people will go in fighting Nor do the imperialists favor moves by these the fuel crisis created by the oil trusts, or how regimes for a bigger share of oil revenues, how much pressure the Arab masses will bring to bear ever justified that is from the standpoint of the on their rulers to regain the lands stolen from Arab peoples themselves. The military coup in them by Israel. These struggles could result in an Chile offers a recent lesson on the extent to which outcome in the Arab East that is far from vtrhat Japanese official in Abu Dhabi the imperialists will go to keep the ownership and the imperialists have in mind. THE MILITANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 5 Reporter's suit. forces disclosure Expose FBI plot vs Blacks, socialists· By CAROLINE LUND tion from the FBI on the nature of Two FBI documents made public Dec. COINTELPRO activities and who 6 provide clear proof that govern they were directed against. ment agencies have been secretly used The new memos will also aid Black for political persecution. organizations such as Chicago's Op A 1968 directive from former FBI eration PUSH, which are pressing for director J. Edgar Hoover lays out a neW investigation of the murderous "counterintelligence program" code police raids on the Black Panther Par named COINTELPRO, designed "to ty during the period covered by the expose, disrupt, and otherwise neu FBI memorandums. tralize" the Socialist Workers Party, Black organizations, the Communist Party, and "New Left" groups. It was NBC's Carl Stern sent to FBI offices throughout the The Justice Department turned over country. the two FBI documents to NBC tele Revelations surrounding Watergate vision newsman Carl Stern. Stern, in had previously exposed Nixon ad collaboration with the National Press ministration projects for sabotage of Club and Ralph Nader's Center for radical groups through the White Responsive Law, had sued the Justice House "plumbers" operations and the Department for the documents under secret Huston spy plan of 1970. The the 1966 Freedom of Information Act. newest documents show that such He sued after former attorney general secret government persecution took John Mitchell and former acting FBI place under the Democratic Johnson director Patrick Gray had refused to administration as well. release the documents. This new information will un- Washington, D. C., superior court Judge Barrington Parker ruled, how Hoover, LBJ. Watergating tactics through the FBI were carried on under Johnson ever, in a summary judgement (with administration as well. out ev(;!n hearing motions) that the Justice Department had to turn over the documents. The Justice Department third class?'" ceptions, misapprehensions, and false appealed that decision, but the U.S. Stern's new inquiry also refers to conclusions" that people might draw district court upheld the lower court paragraph three of Hoover's 1971 from the two documents. Claiming to ruling. memorandum. This paragraph au share the public's "deep concern about It took Stern a full 26 months to ob thorizes continuation of "counterintel citizens' rights to privacy and preser tain the memorandums. ligence" operations in specific cases, vation of all rights guaranteed under The Freedom of Information Act while "terminating" the COINTELPRO the constitution," he said the govern grants "any person" access to "identi project as a whole. ment needed means to "meet the chal fiable" public documents without. hav "This certainly suggests at least the lenge of those who use any means to ing to give any reason for wanting possibility that a counterintelligence foment revolution." to see them. project against one or more of these In contrast with today, when "peace Stern found out about the existence target groups was approved after has returned," Kelley painted a pic April 28, 1971," Stern noted. "But we of the COINTELPRO project two and ture of a supposed "atmosphere of a half years ago. At that time there don't know, and that's what we've lawlessness" during the late 1960s. was a break-in at the FBI office in asked about." According to a UPI dispatch pub Media, Pa., and documents obtained lished Dec. 8, Kelley cited 300 acts from there were Xeroxed and sent to Other documents? of arson, nine persons killed and A Dec. 7 Associated Press dispatch many congressmen and reporters .. nearly 600 injured on college cam cites "an informed Justice Department Nixon's new FBI chief, Clarence Kelley, Stern decided to find out what COIN puses during that period, as well as defends COINTELPRO plot. TELPRO meant. source" who said "the FBI possesses "threats to sabotage power and water many other documents outlining Asked whether he was satisfied by supplies and to disrupt transporta the disclosure of only the two docu specific activities on the nationwide tion and communications." operation." However, the source re doubtedly strengthen suits now being ments, Stern told The Militant he had Kelley covers up the fact that the brought by a variety of groups and written the Justice Department asking vealed, some of these documents "can't killings and injuries were overwhelm be found any more." This story has individuals against the government whether there weren't others. ingly due to police and national violation of democratic rights. This in "For example," he said, "we had a familiar ring. guardsmen rioting against unarmed, cludes the $27-million suit by the So asked for three classes of documents: Despite its name, the "counterintelli peaceful antiwar demonstrators or cialist Workers Party and Young So documents setting up the program, gence program" was never designed Black students, as was the case at cialist Alliance charging government documents terminating the program, for gathering information, said the Kent State and Jackson State. · harassment over the past several and documents altering or modifying AP source, but rather was strictly He ignores the fact that at virtually years. the program. And while we did re for disruption. According to AP, "The every recent frame-up trial of radicals Herbert Jordan, an attorney for the ceive a document setting up the pro operation included the use of agents charged with conspiracy to bomb, SWP and YSA suit, told The Militant gram and one terminating the pro to infiltrate New Left groups and in burn, or commit sabotage, it was that the Hoover memos provide im gram, we didn't receive anything in cite possibly violent activities." government agents provocateurs who portant new evidence of disruption of that latter class. The two FBI memorandums are instigated and carried through, such the SWP. Through the suit it will be "So we've written a letter inquiring, evidence that numerous previously actions. possible to demand further informa- 'Hey, didn't you forget about that reported activities by government Kelly only echoed the 1968 Hoover agents were part of a systematic cam memorandum itself, which charged the paign. For example, the COINTEL protest movements of the 1960s with project apparently included such ac "anarchistic activities" that "unlawfully tivities as those by special FBI agent [challenged] society to obtain their de Robert Wall, who left the FBI and mands." told reporters last spring that he had But there was nothing "unlawful" or been involved in attempting to turn "anarchistic," for example, about the the antiwar movement and the Black massive antiwar marches that took movement against one another place at that time and that were a cen through forged letters and attempts tral target of FBI disruption. These at extortion. protests expressed the feelings of the The two FBI memorandums provide clear majority of Americans that the no information on the actual content government should stop carrying out of the disruption activities, and ac an illegal, immoral war. cording to Stern, his suit did not en The protest movements that arose compass such information. in the late 1960s were perfectly legiti mate efforts by students, Black people, and others to put an end to racial Kelley defends COINTELPRO injustice and a hated war. These docu Apparently anticipating public out ments show that it was the FBI that rage at this police-state directive, cur was out to commit acts of illegal in rent FBI Director Clarence Kelley held timidation, spending tax money to a news conference Dec. 7 to defend the finance infiltration and incitement to COINTELPRO project. violence against those who were Nov. 15, 1969 antiwar march on Washington. FBI's disruption plan was aimed at He said he .wanted to "explain" the · simply exercising their democratic stifling right to protest. project further "because of the miscon- rights. 6 r FBI order: 'disrupt, neutralize' protesters · The following are the full texts of of Government. We must frustrate every three months thereafter, each enforcement officials all to the detri the two documents released by the every effort of these groups and in participating office should submit to ment of our society. The organiza FBI to NBC newsman Carl Stern Dec. dividuals to consolidate their forces the Bureau a status letter covering the tions and activists who spout revo 6. Stern sued the Justice Department or to recruit new or faithful adherents. prior 3-month period, including com lution and unlawfully challengesociety for release of the documents under the In every instance, consideration ments under the following captions. to obtain their demands must not only Freedom of Information Act. The two should be given to disrupting the or 1) Potential Counterintelligence Ac be contained, but must be neutralized. communications were sent from then ganized activity of these groups and tion Law and order is mandatory for any FBI director J. Edgar Hoover to all no opportunity should be missed to 2) Pending Counterintelligence Ac civilized society to survive. Therefore, FBI offices throughout the country. capitalize upon organizational and tion you must approach this new endeavor Emphasis has been added to high personal conflicts of their leadership. 3) Tangible Results with a forward look, enthusiasm and llght certain sections, except where in On or before June 1, 1968, all offices If necessary, a fourth caption "Mis interest in order to accomplish our re dicated that emphasis was in the or are instructed to submit to the Bureau cellaneous~ may be utilized for addi sponsibilities, The importance of this iginal. a detailed analysis of potential coun tional comments. new endeavor cannot and will not be terintelligence action against New Left Recommendations for counterintelli overlooked. organizations and Key Activists with gence action should not be included in in their respective territories. Specific the 90-day status letters to the Bureau, COUNTERINTELLIGENCE PRO recommendations should be included but should be submitted individually April 28, 1971 GRAM for any logical immediate counterintel by separate letter. INTERNAL SECURITY ligence action. Recommendations sub COUNTERINTELLIGENCE PRO DISRUPTION OF THE NEW LEFT mitted under this program must in All Special Agent personnel responsi GRAMS (COINTELPROS) Effectively immediately, the Bureau clude all necessary facts to enable the ble for the investigation of the New INTERNAL SECURITY- RACIAL is instituting a Counterintelligence Pro Bureau to intelligently pass upon the Left and Key Activists should be alert MATTERS gram directed against the New Left feasibility of the proposed action. In ed to our counterintelligence plans re Effective immediately, all COIN movement and its Key Activists. All instances where a reliable and cooper lating to these groups. Counterintelli TELPROS operated by this Bureau offices are instructed to immediately ative news media representative or gence action directed at these groups are discontinued. These include: open an active control' ffie, captioned other source outside the Bureau is to is intended to complement and stimu CO INTEL PRO- Espionage as above, and to assign responsibili be contacted or utilized in connection late our accelerated intelligence investi COINTELPRO- New Left ty for this program to an experienced with a proposed counterintelligence op gations. Each Investigative Agent has COINTELPRO -Disruption of White and imaginative Special Agent who eration, it will be incumbent upon the a responsibility to call to the attention Hate Groups is well versed in investigation of the recommending office to furnish assur of the counterintelligence coordinator CO INT ELPRO- Communist Party, New Left and its membership. ances the source will not reveal the suggestions and possibilities for im USA The purpose of this program is to Bureau's interest or betray our con plementing the program. You are cau Counterintelligence and Special Op expose, disrupt, and otherwise neutral fidence. tioned that the nature of this key en erations ize the activities of the various New Offices which have investigative re deavor is such that under no circum CO INT ELPRO -Black Extremists Left organizations, their leadership sponsibility for Key Activists should stances should the existence of the pro Socialist Workers Party -Disruption and adherents. It is imperative that the specifically comment in the initial let gram be made known outside the Bu Program activities of these groups be followed ter to the Bureau regarding these in reau and appropriate within-office se In exceptional instances where it is on a continuous basis so we may take dividuals. As these offices are aware, curity should be afforded this sensi considered counterintelligence action is advantage of all opportunities for these individuals have been identified tive operation. warranted, recommendations should counterintelligence and also inspire ac as the moving forces behind the New The Bureau has been very closely be submitted to the Bureau under the tion in instances where circumstances Left. following the activities of the New Left individual case caption to which it warrant. The devious maneuvers and No counterintelligence action may and the Key Activists and is highly pertains. These recommendations will duplicity of these activists must be be initiated by the field without specific concerned that the anarchistic ac be considered on an individual basis. exposed to public scrutiny. through the Bureau authorization. [Emphasis in tivities of a few can paralyze institu You are reminded prior Bureau au cooperation of reliable news media original.] tions of learning, induction centers, thority is required before initiating any sources, both locally and at the Seat Commencing July 1, 1968, and cripple traffic, and tie the arms of law activity of a counterintelligence nature. .J SWP W'gate suit goes after Nixon aides Attorneys for the Socialist Workers cocted the plan in consultation with them w bile . in office and occurring gence from 1969-70 as White House Party and the Young Socialist Alliance government intelligence agencies and shortly after they abscond," stated the counsel. During that period Halde presented motions Dec. 10 in U.S. otl;lers at the White House. SWP' s attorneys. man was his "reporting channel" to District Court for the Southern Dis The attempt by Haldeman and Ehr While Haldeman and Ehrlichman Nixon. In his capacity as counsel he trict of New York on w by their lichman to invoke this jurisdictional complained to the court about the in hired Tony Ulasewicz, a former New charges against former Nixon aides loophole is even weaker than Hus convenience and cost of defending York "red squad" cop, for special H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlich ton's. SWP attorneys pointed out that themselves against the suit in New operations against radical groups in man should not be dismissed. an "intelligence-gathering" burglary of York, the SWP's attorneys noted, "The situations in which Ehrlichman felt The SWP and YSA are suing 19 SWP member Norman Oliver's apart burden of long-distance litigation the FBI was doing an inadequate job. current and former officials of the ment in New York took place less than should be borne by those who propa Later, as presidential adviser, Ehr Nixon administration for unconstitu four weeks after Ehrlichman and gate long-distance lawlessness"- not lichman was in charge of the White tional spying, harassment, and vio Haldeman's resignations. The FBI's by the victims of those illegal acts. House plumbers. This group, osten lence against their members and sup admitted "mail cover" of the SWP na Both Haldeman and Ehrlichman sibly set up to stop government leaks, porters. Heading up the legal work on tional office in Manhattan occurred were involved in many aspects of the rapidly expanded its activities to in the suit is noted constitutional lawyer while the two were still employed at gover~ment' s activities against radi clude burglary, wiretaps, and other Leonard Boudin. the White House. cals. With the president, they initiated illegal activity against radicals. Defendants Haldeman and Ehrlich "Mere resignations cannot absolve the interagency group that developed Once the Watergate revelations be man moved for dismissal of the official wrongdoers of responsibility the Huston Plan. Ehrlichman was in gan, both Ehrlichman and Haldeman charges against them, saying that the for wrongful acts set in motion by charge of domestic political intelli- were actively involved in an operation New York court did not have juris Haldeman described as "containment" diction over them because they had to prevent the Watergate disclosures moved to California and Washington. from exposing other illegal activities of the government secret police ap On Nov. 21 U. S. District Judge paratus. Thomas Griesa granted a similar mo This operation included the massive tion for dismissal by another former cover-up efforts of the White House Nixon aide, Tom Charles Huston. and the paying of bribes to Watergate Huston is the author of the 1970 ~Do defendants. New York was a focal mestic Security Plan" approved by point of activities relating to the bribe Nixon but allegedly vetoed by former money, and Ehrlichman and Halde FBI chiefJ. Edgar Hoover. The secret man dispatched an agent to New York spy plan included stepped-up illegal to get the cooperation of John Mitchell, government activities against radical then Nixon's attorney general, in the groups. bribery-cover-up scheme in February Judge Griesa ruled that since Huston 1973. had left the government in 1971 - These actions, clearly documented long before some of the illegal bur by the testimony of Ehrlichman and glaries, mail tampering, and other ac Haldeman before the Senate Water tivities cited in the suit-the New York gate committee and substantiated by court had no jurisdiction over him. the testimony of John Dean, Tom Hus Attorneys for the SWP can either ton, Tony Ulasewicz, Watergate bur appeal the judge's order or rue against glar James McCord, and others, es Huston in Indiana, where he lives, Haldeman and Ehrlichman are trying to use legal loophole to avoid charges of or tablish a direct connection between the. or in Washington, D. C., where be con- ganizing criminal harassment of SWP and YSA supporters. Continued on page 18 THE MILITANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 7 Ramsey Clark appeals for aid ~ti~:nos: to N.Y. bomb attack victims Que viva "OnByJEANWALKER the evening of Dec. 3, a high ch·l1 e t•b1 re ' powered dynamite bomb wrecked the · • New York national office of the Po By SARA JOHNSTON litical Rights Defense Fund (PRDF) HOUSTON -"United States Represen and two other defense committees. tative Drinnon: Let all the people from Three people were injured, one suffered Chile come to the United States. I a fractured skull." won't mind them coming to Crystal Thus begins an appeal from former City. Let them get away from Augusto attorney general Ramsey Clark for [Pinochet, head of the Chilean junta]," support to the committee, which is wrote a junior from Crystal City High publicizing a suit by the Socialist School. Workers Party and Young Socialist The letter was one of many written Alliance against Nixon administration in response to an eyewitness account spying and violence against radical of the coup in Chile presented by groups. Clark is an endorser of the Linda Wine, now on tour for the PRDF. United States Committee for Justice The appeal continues: "Fear is the to Latin American Political Prisoners ultimate tyrant. We cannot permit vio (USLA). lence to frighten us from our purpose Wine addressed a number of Crystal - the exposure through the rule of City high school classes during her law of political espionage and sabo tour in southern Texas. Afterward, tage by government. It is more im a class of 40 high school juniors im portant than ever that we persevere mediately began writing letters to Pino in the important Watergate lawsuit chet, condemning his repressive re filed by Leonard Boudin which PRDF gime. supports. Indeed this bombing repre "I too am poor, so it hurts me to sents the sort of violence and intimi know that other people are dying just dation the litigation was intended to because they are poor. Que Viva Chile expose and stop." Libre!" wrote a young Chicana. Clark asks for emergency contribu Students in the class ordered a large tions to PRDF and messages to New quantity of literature from USLA for York Police Commissioner Donald the many students who were unable Cawley (1 Police Plaza, New York, to hear Wine speak. Three hundred N.Y.) and Mayor John Lindsay at had gathered to hear her, but the Gracie Mansion urging them "to in frrst scheduled meeting was not able sure speedy apprehension of the per to take place since Wine's arrival (by sons responsible for the bombing at car) was delayed by the fuel shortage. tack and to prevent a recurrence." Jose Cruz, Crystal City High School Another of the organizations housed principal, said he was interested in in the bombed offices was the U.S. future USLA tours. "I have my own Committee for Justice to Latin Ameri feelings on the importance of standing can Political Prisoners (USLA). There Bombing of the PROF, USLA, and CoDEL offices occurred a few days before revel together with" the people of Latin is still no indication of who carried ation of FBI orders for disruption of left groups. America. We Chicanos in Crystal City out the bombing or which group or know what the word struggle means," gro1,1ps it was directed against. he said. At a news conference organized by and Anthony Russo- these struggles held a news conference to draw atten The second stop of Wine's southern USLA supporters in Oakland, Calif., show that the movement for civil lib tion to the recent exposure of the FBI's Texas tour was the Colegio Jacinto Dec. 5, lawyer Howard Moore also erties and political rights will not be COINTELPRO project to disrupt Trevifio in Mercedes, a small town issued a statement condemning the intimidated into submission." groups that dissent, and to point to in the Rio Grande Valley. Jacinto Tre bombing attack. Moore, the chief de The third victim of the bombing the possible connection between this vifio, accredited by Antioch College, fense attorney for Angela Davis, stated was the Committee . for Democratic program and the bombing of the also serves as a Chicano movement that the "cowardly bombing attack" Election Laws (CoDEL), which used PRDF office in New York. center. against PRDF and USLA "must not the same office. CoDEL, a nonparti In Houston the COINTELPRO reve- Ram6n Chac6n, a Raza Unida Party go unanswered." san voting rights organization, is now lations received front-page banner activist and one of the directors of "The history of struggles from Peter in federal court on behalf of Puerto headlines, and the stories clearly point· Trevifio, decided to move the meet Zenger, Julian Bond, Angela Davis, Rican, Black, and Chinese residents of ed out that one of the targets of this ing to the United Farm Workers head New York City's Lower East Side the San Quentin Six, H. Rap Brown, disruption was the SWP. PRDF field quarters, because "the community here the Chicago Eight, Daniel Ellsberg who were the victims of racially dis secretary Michael Arnall noted that is very interested in learning more criminatory practices in last May's the FBI memos are confirmation of facts about the coup in Chile." school board election. the charges against the Nixon admin The meeting was attended by more A letter appealing for support to istration made in the SWP and YSA than 100 people, mostly campesinos CoDEL was sent out following the suit. from Mercedes, students from Jacinto PRDFNews bombing from Dr. Benjamin Spock, Kris Vasquez, SWP candidate for Trevifio, Brown Beret members, and The Political Rights Defense Fund Ossie Davis, Dr. George Wald, and school board in the last elections, Raza Unida Party activists. Conducted has published the first issue of a Florence Luscomb. The letter noted charged that Houston police had in Spanish, it soon took on the char newsletter called PRDF News. It that as a result of its efforts on be worked hand in hand with the Ku acter of a solidarity rally with the contains articles on the latest legal half of Lower East Side voters, "Co Klux Klan during the period covered people of Chile. developments and pr.ogress in pub DEL has recently been the recipient by the Hoover memo, to bomb and A theater group presented a series licizing the Socialist Workers Party of hate mail from persons who do not shoot up the offices Qf the SWP, radio of political skits, ending with a power and Young Socialist Alliance suit support the aims of the suit." It asks KPFT-FM and Space City newspaper ful scene linking the struggle of the against Nixon administration Wa for emergency contributions for the in Houston. Chicano people with the struggle of tergating. committee. "We have the Hoover memos," she the Chileans. Shouts of "Victory to The newsletter, as well as the text In Boston, a statement of protest said. "Now let's have the Short mem the Chilean people!" and "Solidarity of the Hoover memos on disruption against the bombing was signed by os," referring to Houston Police Chief with the Chilean liberation fighters!" of Black and socialist organizations, such prominent figures as Dr. Har Herman Short. arose from the audience. is available from the PRDF in bulk vey Cox of Harvard Divinity School, Benjamin Levy, former president of "The Chilean people are heroic peo quantities. Copies of the newsletter Dr. Barbara Roberts, professors How the Texas Civil Liberties Union, who ple," said Wine. "They need our sup cost 1 cent each. ard Zinn and Freda Rebelsky of Bos also spoke at the news conference, port desperately. Can we turn our ton University, Professor Noam testified that acts of violence against backs on them?" Please send me __copies of PRDF Chomsky of Massachusetts Institute radicals were continuing in Houston; "No! We are as one. Yankees out of News and copies of the of Technology, Jeremy Genevese of the citing gunfire at his own home three Chile!" answered the audience. Hoover memos. United Farm Workers Union, and months ago. Antonio Oregian, the local United ( ) I want to help with support state representatives John Bussinger A message to the Lindsay admin Farm Workers organizer, also ad activities. Send me a kit of PRDF and Mel King. istration demanding apprehension and dressed the meeting, saying, "The literature. Statements in solidarity with USLA prosecution of the New York bombers Farm Workers Union condemns the came also from Professor James Pe was signed by John Henry Faulk, new rightist regime in Chile." Name ______tras, noted Latin American scholar; well-known Texas entertainer; Celia A local Brown Beret leader said, Address ______James Cockcroft of Livingston Col Strada, chairwoman of the Houston "The Chicano people are truly inter City State Zip __ lege, Rutgers University; and Paul Women's Poli,tical Caucus; Raza Uni nationalist. If the people of Chile only Send to: PRDF, Box 649 Cooper Sweezy of Monthly Review Press. da Party leader Evy Chapa; and Pro knew of the support for their cause, Station, New York, N.Y. 10003. In Houston, representatives of the fessor Harvey Johnson of the Univer their courage would double many Socialist Workers Party and the PRDF sity of Houston. times over." 8 Judg!Lg~gs Salm Kolis and attorn~y FBI spy uncovered in San Diego frame-up. against Socialist Workers Party candidate By LARRY SEIGLE As the basis for this motion, Aber matter how unpopular these ideas SAN DIEGO, Dec. 12-The trial of son submitted an affidavit explaining may be in the D. A.'s office or in the Salm Kolis began here today despite that the FBI informer's daughter, White House." defense efforts to get the case dismissed Carla Hollowell, had met with the de Kolis has repeatedly exposed the after an undercover FBI informer was fense committee and confirmed that phony nature of the charges against exposed in the defense camp. her father was a paid informer for the her. "A more accurate charge against But instead of halting the trial, FBI. Carla Hollwell will submit sworn me," she said, "would be 'being a so which has received extensive publicity testimony on Kolis's behalf. cialist candidate in a public place,' here in the last few days, the judge When the D. A. claimed that he was issued a sweeping gag rule to prevent "unaware" of any political surveil Kolis or her attorney from discussing lance, however, Judge Woodworth any aspect of the case with reporters. denied the defense motion. Kolis, 23, was the Socialist Workers Mary Lipman, secretary of the Party candidate for city council in San CDSK, explained to reporters yester- Diego's Seventh District in the 197 3 . day that the defense was demanding fall municipal election. She faces up that the charges be dropped because to 14 years' imprisonment because the case against Kolis was "tainted" the district attorney claims she falsi by the presence of the FBI informer fied her address on a form she signed in the SWP. when she filed for office. "This outrageous violation of Kolis was arrested only a few days constitutional rights shows the depth before the elections, which were held to which the government will sink in in September. She was handcuffed and KOLIS: Prosecuted for being a socialist its efforts to silence those who choose hauled off to jail. in Nixon's 'lucky City.' to criticize its policies," Lipman said. Yesterday the Committee to Defend Salm Kolis (CDSK) held a news con "This FBI surveillance is part and ference on the steps of the courthouse agreed: "I was concerned about the parcel of a nationally coordinated to inform the public that a paid in rather strangely extensive scope of campaign of illegal surveillance, wire former for the FBI had been sub newspaper and television coverage. It taps, mail covers, infiltration, and mitting reports on defense strategy is hereby ordered that the defendant other acts of spying and harassment and other activities of the SWP. The and her attorney are restrained and against the Nixon administration's ATIORNEY ABERSON: Can't talk to re informer, John Hollowell, who had enjoined from making any statements 'enemies list,' including the Socialist porters. been operating undercover in the SWP whatever to the press or any medium Workers Party and many other for 12 years, had attended many meet of public communication until this groups." ings in which the defendant and her trial is over." Lipman continued, "This illegal gov or 'running for office in Nixon's Lucky supporters met to discuss how the This highly unusual gag rule shows ernment spying is exactly what was City,' as San Diego is known to some legal defense would be conducted. how much the exposure of the under done in the prosecution of Ellsberg Republicans." The widespread media coverage of cover informant has revealed the case and Russo, antiwar Vietnam veterans It is precisely this message, now the news conference yesterday out for what it is: a political trial designed in Gainesville, the Camden 28, and backed up by the startling evidence raged the district attorney, who sug to intimidate Kolis and others who other victims of political persecution of government infiltration, that the gested to the judge this morning that insist on speaking their minds. at the hands of the Watergate gang." D. A. and the judge here want to keep Kolis and her lawyer be barred from Yesterday Kolis's attorney, David Lipman explained that the case covered up by their gag rule. talking to reporters or issuing any Aberson, demanded that the D. A. turn against Kolis from the very beginning Immediately following the imposi public statements. The D. A. said the over "all material in possession of or was "a case of pure and simple po tion of the gag rule this morning the publicity violated "the people's right to which the prosecution has access litically motivated harassment and in CDSK held another news conference. to a fair trial." He said a lot of the which results from the undercover sur timidation." She said the prosecution While Kolis stood silently, Lipman court's time would be "wasted because veillance of the Socialist Workers was "an attempt to silence a young declared, "This gag rule is a viola the defendant is making a cause." Party and the Committee to Defend woman who has committed no crime tion of the rights of Salm Kolis to The judge, Douglass Woodworth, Salm Kolis." other than to express her views, no Continued on page J8 Did FBI agent set up Fred Hampton killing? By SUSANNE HAIG linois Black Panther Party. the office of Operation PUSH. It was CHICAGO-Black leaders here have At the time of the murder of attended by Iberia and Francis called for new investigations into fed Hampton and Clark, O'Neal was the Hampton, Fred Hampton's parents; eral involvement in the 1969 police Black Panther Party security chief. William Hampton, Fred Hampton's raid on Chicago's Black Panther He-was reporting to special FBI agent brother; Reverend Jesse Jackson, na headquarters. Fred Hampton and Roy Mitchell. Although the FBI was tional president of PUSH; Thomas Mark Clark, two Black Panther Party being informed of the Panthers' ac Todd, lawyer and PUSH consultant; leaders, were killed in the raid. tivities by O'Neal, O'Neal was never Bobby Rush, chairman of the Illinois The possibility of federal involve called to testify at the trial of former Black Panther Party; Eugene Pin ment was disclosed through testimony. Chicago state's attorney Edward Han cham, lawyer; and Herbert Reid, dean of an undercover agent, William rahan for obstruction of justice in rela of Howard University Law School O'Neal, during the murder trial of tion to the raid, nor was he and staff director of the Commission Stanley Robinson, a former Black even identified as an agent prior to the of Inquiry into the Black Panthers Chicago policeman. O'Neal testified Robinson trial. and Law Enforcement. at Robinson's trial that he had been The call for a new investigation The commission was responsible for paid by the FBI to infiltrate the ll- came at a Dec. 9 news conference at conducting the independent investiga tion of the 1969 raid. The in vestigation had been called for by the SWP candidate demands probe Black community. The commission re ported evidence of a high concentra The following is a statement by "search and destroy" operation. tion of barbiturates in Hampton's Willie Reed, candidate of the So This would fit in perfectly with the blood and the presence of an unknown Militant/Brian Shannon cialist Workers Party for congress secret FBI "COINTELPRO" proj HAMPTON: Murdered by cops woman in the first IDinois Con ect to disrupt Black organizations informer in the Panther organization gressional District. and radical groups from 1968 to at the time of the raid. Cochairmen of lieve" that Hampton was "murdered in 1971. the commission are Roy Wilkins, the legal sense of the word" in the po The new evidence of possible fed executive director of the NAACP, and eral involvement in the murderous The Socialist Workers Party was Ramsey Clark, former U.S. attorney lice raid. police raid on the Chicago Black also a target of the FBI disruption general. Reid, staff director of the commis sion, feels that O'Neal may have been Panther Party in 1969 merits the plan. We fully support the efforts In November the commission had an agent provocateur and that gov immediate reopening of investiga of Operation PUSH and the Com demanded the reopening of the in tions into the raid and the killing mission of Inquiry into the Black vestigation of the slaying of Hampton ernment records may reveal new in of Fred Hampton. Panthers and Law Enforcement to and Clark in connection with the formation about the source of the guns There is a clear possibility that demand full disclosure of the role publication of its findings, entitled found in Hampton's apartment. The the FBI was at least partially re of the federal government in the Search and Destroy. commission has charged that the raid sponsible for setting up this entire raid on the Panthers. Ramsey Clark charged at that time was not the routine execution of a that there was "probable cause to be- Continued on page JB THE MILITANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 9 In Our Opinion Letters Energy crisis Answer to ex-readers consisted of high-powered rifles, Working people throughout the country are angrily wonder I am a regular reader of The Mili pistols, and Mace. ing what they can do about the mounting hardships being tant and enjoy reading the letters The ladies, all assigned to guard imposed on them by the energy crisis. sent in by your readers. In the past towers, are an improvement in our Thousands of truckers, blockading highways to protest two months I've noticed that you've prisons. They, as the very inmates fuel shortages, high prices, and reduced speed limits, rightly printed several letters of cancellation. they now watch, were also im insisted they were not willing to see their earnings go down Many of these readers have stated prisoned from the beginning of time the drain because of a crisis they did not create. They were that they had enjoyed your paper and they know how it feels to be the ready to take action to prevent this. until you took a ''hysterical" position underdog, the ignored, the abused and defeated. But the official leadership of the labor movement has said on the Mideast crisis. These same folks can probably go It might be that they may W!J.tch a little and done less to defend working people from the spread lot more than us inmates; they ing attacks on our standard of living. AFL-CIO President along with your support of the Irish people, the oppressed natives of might watch the watchers. The wom George Meany calls for "equality of sacrifice" and begs Con South Africa, or your support of en guards have already questioned gress for "firm guarantees that workers will not bear the Latin American peoples. But the the unofficial procedure used for brunt of energy cutbacks while employers boost profits." - Palestinians? Well, perhaps these escaping prisoners: no warning shot, But workers bear no responsibility for this crisis. It was ex-readers don't think of Palestinians shoot to kill. deliberately concocted by the oil trusts for the sole purpose as people. A prisoner of boosting their profits at our expense. Why should we They have canceled their subs be Louisiana have to sacrifice jobs, wages, convenience, health, or a clean cause th~y have a problem: they're environment? inconsistent. They probably once Every government energy measure, whether by Nixon cheered on the civil rights workers Impressed or the Congress, will be aimed at enforcing sacrifices by the in their efforts to obtain the "inte grated hamburger," yet when Black I was recently approached regard workers while giving millions in subsidies and tax breaks ing a subscription to The Militant, to the monopolies. To preach reliance on the Democrats people also wanted decent jobs, decent housing, and decent educa and I was very impressed. Good and Republicans to do otherwise is either wishful thinking luck with your work. or-as in Meany's case- a cynical fraud. tion, that was another story. And now that we Blacks demand C. H. The only solution is to mobilize the power of the unions, community control, these same luke Princeton, N. J. independent of the capitalist government, to defend the work warm liberals are convinced that ers' interests. the "niggers are crazy." While the Labor Department issues glib assurances that The Militant and the Socialist Good guys, bad guys an "early warning system" will "ease the impact of the energy Workers Party will eventually win crisis on employment," thousands of workers have already the entire support of all oppressed I am in no way directly involved in been laid off in the auto, electronics, rubber, airlines, and people. They tell the truth! Teamsters union. However, I some other industries. Unemployment next year is expected to Naima Jamal times work with drivers and have climb to at least 6 percent. Oakland, Calif. an opportunity for worthwhile talks Meany's plea for better unemployment benefits is completely with them. This gives me a chance to get a few subs to The Militant inadequate. The unions should press for a shorter workweek Recently in a conversation with with no reduction in pay, to spread the available jobs, and Fountain Valley Five one of the drivers I was trying to for a massive program of useful public works to provide Tonight I received my copy of The direct the discussion to the union millions of jobs at full union-scale wages. Militant I speak of the Nov. 30 contract and the way the company Inflation is being spurred to record-breaking levels by issue, with the article entitled "The misinterprets it. However, the driver the latest petroleum product price increases- 35 percent in real criminals in the Virgin Islands." out-directed me. We were talking November alone! And this is only the beginning. I am also cognizant of much of about the oil shortage and he The government has shown it is incapable of controlling the information it mentioned because blamed it all on the Vietnam war. prices. An unlimited cost-of-living escalator clause in every I am a Cruzan by birth. The in So while my pride was hurt, I was union contract, and in all social benefits, is the only pro fluence of the Rockefeller group is pleased at the turn of the talk. tection. very strong in the Virgin Islands. Every worker at our plants knows The oil monopolies, which have demonstrated their utter The golf course known as the I am safe to talk to about radical incompetence to provide energy for the benefit of the people, Fountain Valley Golf Course belongs politics. The company was thinking should be nationalized under workers control. Such a mea to Rockefeller's brother. about firing me once because I wa§ The golf course is significant be seen in an antiwar march. sure should be only the first step toward a rational, planned Many young radicals these days economy administered by a workers government. cause of the strong and courageous brothers, the Fountain Valley Five, try to line up people definitely as who allegedly committed mass mur the bad guys and the good guys, der there. They have been made and believe too much in directly at scapegoats to placate the imperialists tacking the bad guys. The books of FBI plot and neocolonialists and their vile Farrell Dobbs, Teamster Rebellion and Teamster Power, show how The FBI documents recently forced into the open by NBC oppression against the Virgin Is landers, all people from the Carrib to work with all types in the unions reporter Carl Stern, together with the Watergate revelations, in a way that will win the most for tie together many occurrences over the past years into a bean, and the other parts of the world, such as Africa, Asia, and the workers. deadly, vicious pattern. Latin America. D.C. They indicate that of the many raids and shootouts against You see, I am one of the Attica St Louis, Mo. Black militants, bombings and shootings aimed at socialist "indicted brothers, who have been groups and underground newspapers, isolated acts of vio witness to the actions of Governor lence at antiwar demonstrations, and harassment of antiwar Rockefeller's flunkies and lackeys activists and Black, Chicano and Puerto Rican militants-all who are protectors and servants of Serious voter these acts were inspired or encouraged by the secret, or the state- actions ag.ainst a physical I am a concerned voter, a person ganized drive by the government to, as Hoover put it, "neu ly helpless people, but a very who still takes voting seriously. I tralize" any movements that dare to dissent in this country. politically fortified people, on Sept. voted for Maxine Williams [Socialist 13, 1971. These are the types of acts that are challenged by the suit Workers Party candidate for Brook The people in the Carribbean are of the Socialist Workers Party and Young Socialist Alliance lyn borough president] in the last historically attuned to all liberation against the Nixon administration. election as a protest against the There is no reason to believe the government has dis fighters, and they (island by island) are awakening to the games the larger parties, which to me are not continued its disruption program. In fact the Hoover memo doing any kind of a job. · plutocrats play. This will eventually "terminating" the COINTELPRO projects specifically leaves be an area of rapid liberation, as I realized that she was not going to win because a) she ran on the the door open for continuing the plot against specific groups. they shake off the yoke of capital SWP ticket and b) she is a woman. Now it has come out for the first time that an FBI agent ism, imperialism, and neocolonial These are terrible handicaps in our had weaseled his way into the top echelons of the illinois racism. sick society. I was hoping that if Black Panther Party just prior to the police slaying of Fred A prisoner enough people felt as I did and she Hampton in 1969. Another government spy has been ex New York posed in the frame-up of Socialist Workers Party Salm Kolis won, that we would have a big in San DiegQ. On Dec. 3, the offices of three civil liberties shake-up in local politics. I write to ask how she did in the organizations in New York were wrecked by a bomb. election. I would not like to see her All supporters of democratic rights must unite to stop this Women tower guards give in or get disgusted with the violence and persecution against ·dissenters. Demand the On Nov. 19 five pretty young wom results of the past election. Brooklyn reopening of investigations into the killing of Fred Hampton! en appeared for roll call at the was not ready for a woman bor Demand the dropping of charges against Salm Kolis! Sup state prison here. The women were ough president, never mind a social port the socialist suit against government W atergating! tower guards, and their weaponry ist one. But there will be more elec- '10 National Picket Line Frank Lovell \, ••• tions, and if things do not get better 0 Captain, My Captain ... there will be more and more votes for the small parties. I just hope that As part of Nixon's Operation Candor, Labor by his unfitting portrayal of himself as the ship's if and when this happens the small Secretary Peter Brennan was recently sent to Mon captain who intends "to stay at that helm until we parties do not become as corrupt tana to drum up "labor support." Brennan continues bring it into port." as the big ones are today. to masquerade as a "labor man," having been head SIU President Paul Hall tried his best to introduce L.C. of the New York State and City Building Trades Nixon as if it were an honor instead of an obliga Brooklyn, N. Y. Councils before joining the "Nixon team." tion. But like Teamsters President Frank Fitzsim He invited some "union people" to lunch at the mons, Hall is Nixon's captive now and must bow to In reply-Maxine Williams was Butte Vocational-Technical School, and made other the Nixon command. credited with receiving 1,932 votes. stops in Billings, Anaconda, and Great Falls. But Hall's present uncomfortable position is a direct no self-respecting union official would go anywhere result of his "political wisdom." For 25 years he has near him. sought to win friends in Washington by freehanded Thomas Tracy, head of the Butte Trades and contributions of union funds to the Democratic and 'Mr.' Jack the Ripper? Labor Council, called Brennan a "Judas goat" and Republican parties. In 1968 he handed a big bundle The New York Times, that most warned others to stay away. Teachers at the Butte to Humphrey and a lesser amount to Nixon. This conservative of newspapers wlien Vocational School threatened to walk out if Brennan was a bad mistake. it comes to questions of syntax and visited them, and waitresses at the school threatened The Nixon administration indicted Hall and seven not to serve him. style, has been forced to make a other SIU officials in 1970, charging they illegally Owen McNally, president of the Anaconda Trades major revision in its style book. contributed $40,000 in the 1968 presidential cam Council, said, "Peter Brennan is nothing more than For years the Times had followed paign and had conspired to spend $750,000 il a shill for Richard Nixon." the policy of dropping the title "Mr." legally between 1964 and 1968. Some officials of the Montana Teamsters tried to For nearly two years the Justice Department kept before the names of convicted crimi help the trip by intimating that they had "inside these charges hanging over the heads of these nals and men of "unsavory reputa information" of $400,000 in federal funds for two tion." Anyone who has followed the SIU officials. Finally, in June 1972, a federal judge local manpower projects if Brennan got a friendly Times Watergate coverage closely dismissed the indictment on the grounds that the reception. The offer didn't help. One union officer has probably noticed the problems Justice Department had failed to specify the par reported after a meeting of Teamsters and others this caused. ticulars of its charges and had deprived the de that "while they'd like to have the 400 grand, they It was one thing to suddenly start fendants of their right to a speedy trial. weren't going to prostitute themselves to get it." referring simply to "Liddy" and This has not always been the case, and there The Nixon administration had apparently gained "Hunt," the small fry who initially are some in the union movement who have no its purpose. A few days before the 1972 presidential got their fingers burnt. But what choice in the matter at this late date. Such a relation election, Hall turned over a cool $100,000 of union about Mitchell, Vesco, Stans, and ship was exhibited last month at the convention of funds to Nixon's campaign. This is under investi the other high-level CREEPs whose the Seafarers' International Union in Washington, gation by Watergate Special Prosecutor Leon "unsavory" activities were being ex D. C., in full view of everyone who wanted to watch. Jaworski. And Hall has nowhere to turn except to posed daily on national TV?Not to This convention would have passed unnoticed Nixon. mention the chief crook himself. As if Nixon had sent his surrogate Brennan instead of At the recent AFL-CIO convention, Hall was the same conscientious copy editor must going there himself to try to create the false impres only member of the Executive Council who voted have pointed out to the Times brass, sion that he has support in the ranks of labor. He against the resolution to impeach Nixon. It is a either Tricky Dick had to become made a poor showing. The 400 over-age delegates sorry sight. Captain Nixon and his cabin boy Hall simply "Nixon" or the old rule had were unresponsive to his clumsy attempts at humor are caught in their own craftiness, each clinging. to be scrapped. about the energy crisis. Nor were they impressed to the other for support in stormy weather. The Times of course chose the easy way out. In the interests of democracy, no more distinction between pimps and popes, swindlers and senators- if they're male, they're now all Mr.'s. Wait till they By Any Means Necessary do an article on Jack the Ripper. Michael Baumann New York, N.Y. Baxter Smith Who rules Japan? More headaches for Army brass With reference to your Nov. 23 article on "Who Rules America?": I One fight between Black and w bite G Is, one clash Twenty-seven were discharged, deemed unfit for recently investigated several of between Black Gis and military police, and one Black further Army duty because of prior involvement in Japan's multinational corpora protest following an order to remove the Black lib racial incidents. Four had the charges dropped and tions. Two of them- Sony and eration flag from a barracks add up to more racial the others are awaiting court-martial, were sent to Matsushita (known in the U. S. headaches for the commanders of Today's Army. prison, or were dropped on the rocks in some other as Panasonic )-listed significant The New York Times called them "three outbursts way. stock holdings by the Moxley of racial violence," and they proved thorny for Major And to hide its old-fashioned racism, the brass Corporation. General Henry Emerson, commander of the Second had dredged up a time-honored bogey. Horrors, A little further investigation Infantry Division in South Korea. subversion! An "underground" Black Socialist Club revealed a Moxley as an interna General Emerson had cooked up a series of novel may be leading "a conspiracy to foment racial tional vice-president of the programs hoping to prevent such "racial violence." trouble," say some military investigators. Morgan Guarantee Trust Company. Rap sessions, 18 hours a month required schooling, Fact is, socialists did not create the discrimination, Still further investigation confirmed "harmony through music," and an "open-mind" policy brutality by MPs, unequal opportunity for advance that Morgan-the second largest to meet with the brass are some. ment, or the other conditions Black G Is are protest bank in the United States, and a "The Gunfighter," as General Emerson is sometimes ing. For example, while 43 percent of the Second significant holder of IBM, Kodak, called, has campaigned against narcotics, excessive Division are Blacks or other oppressed minorities, Polaroid, and Sears stocks-is drinking, and venereal disease. "We're trying to get only 20 percent of MPs and 23 percent of first ser the controlling interest in both across the idea that off-duty they don't have to go geants are Blacks. Sony and Panasonic of Japan. to the ville," Emerson told the Times, referring to According to the Times, when news of the three Remember that when you visit the local bars and brothels the Gis frequent. So incidents percolated out, it "touched off outbreaks your local audio shop! he's set up an "official" recreation-resort on an island among American forces elsewhere in South Korea." B.K off the southern Korean coast, where Gis are en These continuing Black protests in the military Cleveland, Ohio couraged to languish when on leave. machine are a burning concern to the brass, espe None of these gimmicks, however, have served cially considering the student upsurges that recently to eliminate the racism that pervades the Army swept South Korea, Thailand, and Greece, and the Emerson's claim that "out-and-out blatant discrim ongoing crisis in the Middle East. The letters column is an open forum ination doesn't happen anymore" to the contrary. What will happen the next time U.S. troops are for all viewpoints on subjects of gen In fact, the ostensible reason for the order to take called into action against a revolutionary upsurge? eral interest to our readers. Please down the Black liberation flag was that "racially Can these militant Black Gis be relied on to shoot keep your letters brief. Where neces divisive" symbols are forbidden. Nobody asked down rebellious Koreans or, say, Arabs? sary they will be abridged. Please in whether Black Gis might consider the red-white-and And if socialist ideas are sprouting, if a Black dicate if your name may be used or blue banner of U.S. imperialism a repulsive symbol Socialist Club is organizing to combat the Army's if you prefer that your initials be used of racist oppression. racism, then even the most "liberal" and innovative instead. · There was more than a little "blatant discrimination" officers see cause for swift repressive action, such to be seen when the brass moved to discipline 38 as Emerson displayed with the 38 G Is. Gls allegedly involved in the incidents. Most of those How long will such Blacks believe the myth that arrested were Blacks; that's standard operating pro they are there to preserve freedom, justice, and equal cedure-military "justice." ity when they are denied it themselves? THE MILITANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 11 The Great Society Harry Ring No fueling around- The Defense De Don't bug the bug company- Re $2.5-million alone. We hear the top partment flew two planeloads of con sponding to legal action by Volks bidder modestly said, "I don't know gressmen to the Georgia birth.hy wagen, National Lampoon agreed to what I like. I just know what pays." party for former Representative Vin recall copies of an issue with a mock son, using an estimated 7,400 gallons ad showing a floating VW with the of gas. Nine planes were also used caption, "If Kennedy drove a Volks The right spirit please- The Holy to fly Naval Academy midshipmen wagen he'd be president." Shroud, a piece of linen believed by and Air Force cadets to football some to be Christ's burial cloth, was games. But, we understand, the presi Morality dep't- In a New York po shown on Italian TV for the first time dent _watched the games on small lice department experiment, 51 cops recently. The Vatican asked that view screen TV. were handed 'lost' wallets containing ers behave reverently and- abstain cash. Thirty percent were not turned from alcoholic beverages during the Perfect harmony- Deputy Defense Di in. The head of the police anti program. rector William Clements said he saw corruption unit glumly commented: no potential conflict of interest in • It looks like it shows that perhaps directing the fuel conservation pro putting on a uniform doesn't change Double upper- An article on the gram of the Pentagon-the nation's a man's character.' At least not for sports page of the Nov. 14 Washing single largest consumer of fuel- and the better. ton Post reported that 21 of the 2 6 N a holding $90-million worth of shares tional Football League teams seek a in a Texas oil-drilling firm. spiritual boost with Sunday morning Better than beef-A recent New York pregame chapel services. Another Truth in marketing- A San Francisco auction took in a record $7.8-million article on the same page reported that supermarket displays the cough for 109 art works. Seventeen paint an estimated one-third of NLF players "True, But This Month lt'8 Largely Due To medicine next to the cigarette machine. ings and drawings by Picasso brought use amphetamines. Ah, Yes, Here It Is-" Women In Revolt Linda Jenness Black women and abortion It has been almost one year since the Supreme ported a "high" incidence of Black and Puerto Rican decision. If a Black woman decides to have an Court declared abortions legal in the United States. women receiving treatment for poorly performed abortion, how is it genocide? It's only genocidal Although implementation is far from complete on and incomplete abortions. Now, Pakter reported, if you are forced." a national level and there are still many battles very few Black women require treatment for These statistics certainly refute the arguments to be fought, the effects of the ruling are already botched abortions. of those who said that the fight to legalize abor significant. Judith Reed, the head nurse at Harlem Hospital, tions was a "white, middle-class" fight of no con· Recent information on abortions performed in reported to the Times a change in attitudes toward cern to Black, Puerto Rican, and Chicana women. New York City highlights the importance of this abortion among Black women. She said that when Even one short year of legalized abortions, still new freedom to Black women in particular. the abortion clinic first opened at Harlem Hospital inadequately implemented, has proved that pre During the year that ended June 30, 1973, Black it was met with some opposition from the com cisely because Black women suffered the most from women had 47.6 percent of the 69,776 legal abor munity and "from individual Black men." illegal abortions, they had the most to gain by tions received by New York City residents, reports Now, Reed says, "we get a lot of younger women legalizing them. the Dec. 6 New York Times. White women received who feel no guilt at all about receiving an abor The effect of the Supreme Court decision on the 39 percent of the abortions. tion." Reed and Pakter attribute this change in atti lives of Black women, and the still greater effect Tens of thousands of Black women in New York tudes to two factors: legalization of abortion, and it will have in the future, reemphasizes a basic City alone have been spared the agony of illegal, the women's liberation movement. point: because of the triple oppression suffered back-street abortions. It is now much easier for Although some sections of the Black community by Black women- as women, as Blacks, as work Black and Puerto Rican women who wish to have are still opposed to Black women having the right ers- the demands raised by the women's liberation an abortion to receive medically safe ones and the to choose abortions, on the charge that abortions struggle are more immediate and real for them proper care. are "genocide," thousands of Black women ob than for anyone else. And that is true not just of Dr. Jean Pakter, director of maternity services viously disagree. At the recent National Black the demand for abortion but of the demands for and family planning for the Department of Health, Feminist Organization conference one woman put childcare, equal pay and job opportunities, and told the Times that city hospitals previously re- it this way: "We are now making our own equality in education. i La Raza en AcciOn! Don't buy scab groups Miguel Pendas The United Farm Workers are waging a struggle "Bankrupt methods" refers to the United Farm The boycott is an essential weapon for the campe for survival today in the face of formidable odds. Workers' boycott of scab grapes, lettuce, and wine, sinos and should not be counterposed to strike They are up against California's powerful agri which the Bulletin condemns as "middle-class" and action in the fields. There is a long tradition of business barons, who have enlisted the corrupt "a reactionary diversion." the use of boycotts in workers' struggles. Farm officialdom of the Teamsters union on their side. If this isn't enough to convince you to drink workers in particular must rely to a great extent The cops act as goons for the growers. The federal Gallo's Ripple, the Bulletin lays down a heavy on the boycott because of the difficulty of carrying government does its part by buying million!! of "theoretical" rap. Apparently Moran/Rivera oppose out agricultural strikes under present conditions. dollars of scab produce. And the AFL-CIO hier any struggle for immediate gains for farm work.ers, It is false fo say, as Moran/Rivera do, that the archy has not gone beyond token support for the even the simple right to union recognition. "Today, boycott has never hurt the growers. It hurt them UFW. no reforms are possible," they inform us. "The badly enough to force them to sign contracts in One kind of friend the Farm Workers can do economic and political crisis deepens by the hour. 1970. That was a historic victory for the union. without are those so-called socialists who seek ... .Injunctions against pickets and mass round to stab them in the back on the grounds that their ups of boycotters are taking place all over the This time around, however, the contracts will struggle is not "revolutionary" enough. Southwest." be even harder to win. The rancheros are better In particular I am referring to two articles by They conclude that the Farm Workers must drop prepared. To win this fight the boycott will have Marty Moran in the Nov. 27 and Nov. 30 issues the "absolutely reactionary" boycott and "go beyond to be conducted on a much bigger scale. A greater of the Bulletin, the newspaper of a small sectarian strike action" to a fight for state power. focus on shutting down those who sell scab produce outfit called the Workers League, which falsely Very "revolutionary." But while it is true that the is needed. claims to be Trotskyist. The same articles ap fundamental problems faced by Chicanos and other Large picket lines can be organized at super pear on another page in Spanish, signed by Lucia working people cannot be solved under capitalism, markets. This is an important way of helping Rivera. nothing will be changed by merely issuing revolu the campesinos win their fight. Yet the Bulletin The main obstacles facing the Farm Workers, tionary-sounding pronouncements from the side slanders the Socialist Workers Party as "treach you see, are not the growers, the Teamster bu lines. erous" and "reactionary" for advocating such a reaucrats, or the cops. "The greatest danger to the Masses of people will develop political conscious massive, effective boycott campaign. struggle," Moran/Rivera lecture us, "... comes ness of the need for revolutionary change, and for Those on the lunatic fringe of the movement from the Chavez leadership which seeks to confine a program and leadership to accomplish this who attack the struggle in the name of socialism the struggle of the farm workers to the bankrupt change, only in the course of struggles around contribute nothing to either the cause of farm union methods of American radicalism." immediate problems. ism or socialism. 12 utlook A WEEKLY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE MILITANT BASED ON SELECTIONS FROM INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS, A NEWSMAGAZINE REFLECTING THE VIEWPOINT OF REVOLUTIONARY SOCIALISM. DECEMBER 21 I 1973 student actions). Seksan called for a "people's democracy" and, according to the November 26 Far Eastern Eco nomic Review, he wrote in a recent Workers ioin in article: "It is necessary to substitute the military, police and Civil Service with the people as a base of power." Sombat Thamrongthangawong, the general secretary of the NSCT, had Student protests continue in Thailand explicitly stated shortly after the over throw of Thanom and Praphas that then minister of the interior, covered out efforts to extradite his former col By Ernest Hprsch the NSCT had no intention of ques for Pramool. With Praphas's protec leagues. tioning the authority of the police. tion removed, Pramool became an While the eighteen-member committee The students' readiness to engage Another student leader criticized the other victim of the limited purge that assigned to draft the new Thai consti in action has also begun to spread to NSCT for its lack of internal democ has struck those too closely tied to the tution has been plodding along, stu other parts of the population. Durdin racy, called Sombat a "dictator," and old regime. dent ferment has continued. "The stu reported in the November 18 New blasted the NSCT leadership for the The new governor of Roi Et Prov dent movement that forced out the York Times that railway workers con role it had played during the upsurge. ince, Chai Ubondepracharak, has military regime," Tillman Durdin re ducted a two-day strike against the fared no better; "student agitators" The October actions had been ported in the November 18 New York government-run transport system and have forced him out of office for his initiated by the NSCT to obtain 'the Times, ''was confined to Bangkok. won pay increases and other benefits. close association with the ousted mili release of thirteen arrested activists. Now student groups have sprung up Shortly thereafter, the river transport tary chiefs and involvement in the As the demonstrations grew and at throughout the country, worker and workers and the taxi drivers also rampant corruption. And, according tracted students from all over Bang professional organizations are prolif raised demands for higher wages. to the Far Eastern Economic Review, kok, the NSCT executive committee erating and sometimes striking, and The ranks of the military, as well the governor of Ang Thong Province, members negotiated with the Thanom newspapers and politicians are revel as some of the younger officers, have Vicharn Bansophit, was "so frightened regime and won the release of the ar ing in free commentary. also been affected by the current by the recent demonstration staged rested students. According to the No "Upcountry, as well as in Bangkok, mood. The November 18 New York there are almost daily student demon against him by 4,000 students [that vember 26 Far Eastern Economic Re he] appealed to Bangkok to have him Times gave a glimpse of the present view, Seksan had been left in charge strations over some issue or other." attitudes of the soldiers when it re transferred within 24 hours." Vicharn of the demonstrations in front of King ported that "some military cadets have Fresh from the victories of October, is being investigated by the Ministry Phumiphol Aduldet's palace."Several threatened to burn their uniforms the students have pressed on in their of the Interior on suspicion of corrup student leaders, including Seksan, rather than wear them in public be attacks on the corrupt hangers·on of tion. were denounced as' 'communists' for cause of the antimilitarist mood." the old regime. A few "unprogressive" The November 11 issue of Tokyo's refusing to disperse the mob after the As the political ferment touched off NSCT notified them that the then Gov by the students spreads to broader ernment had guaranteed the release of layers of the population, the "care the activists and that the fight was taker" regime of Premier Sanya Tham over." It was at that point, on October masak is trying to channel all activi 14, that the military attacked and ty into the coming elections. The No carried out the bloody massacre that vember 21 Washington Post reported left hundreds of students dead and that the Bangkok administration had wounded. The massive response to the called for an end to demonstrations massacre swept the military leaders and said that "petitions for changes out of Thailand. should be submitted to the agencies concerned or to the. prime minister's Commenting on the differences with office." in the student movement, the Far East The regime seems to have incorpo ern Economic Review's Bangkok cor l'ated the powerful National Student respondent said: "The NSCT's attitude Center of Thailand (NSCT), which towards dispersing the mob during called the first demonstrations against the crucial moments in return for the the military government, into its elec activists' release has become a 'sore tions maneuvers. With full government point' in the eyes of other stud!!nt backing, the NSCT has gone on a leaders. It was apparent then that campaign in the countryside to "edu some student leaders were not simply cate" and "motivate" the peasants, who after the release, but wanted something Thai students carry dead comrade during October demonstrations. constitute 80 percent of the Thai pop more." ulation, on democracy and the com That "something more" is what has ing elections. continued to bring Thai students into university and high-school authorities Mainichi Daily News reported that the the streets and what accounts for the have been forced by their students to American, Japanese, and Taiwanese This limited perspective of the growing number of strikes and dem resign, and some of the government embassies had been put under round NSCT, however, is not the sole al onstrations. bureaucrats closely tied to the ousted the-clock guard after they were targets ternative for Thai students. The po The threat of that "something more" military leaders have gone into early of student demonstrations. The stu litical differences within the student · has prompted the Sanya regime to "retirement." dents were protesting the temporary movement that were already apparent play up the drafting of the new con The November 12 issue of the Hong sanctuary given to ex-Field Marshal in October at the time of the upsurge stitution and the preparations for elec kong weekly Far Eastern Economic Praphas and Colonel Narong Kitti have surfaced and produced a split tions, in the hopes of heading off the Review reported the arrest ofGovernor kachorn in Taipei and to ex-Premier in the leadership of the NSC T. ongoing mobilizations. Pramool Sathatip for a murder he had Thanom Kittikachorn in the United The public relations officer of the One of the members of the committee been involved in while governor of States. They demanded that the ousted NSCT, Seksan Prasertkul, resigned at working on the draft of the constitu Roi Et Province. (He was governor leaders be extradited to face charges the beginning of November, followed tion remarked: "Previous constitutions of Korat Province at the time of his for their part in the massacre of stu shortly thereafter by Chiranand Pit were written out of fear. Fear that the arrest.) Pramool had arranged for a dents on October 14. The Taiwanese preecha, the secretary for general af people would take over, fear of the peasant who had criticized him to be Embassy also received a bomb threat. fairs. They formed the Free Tham army." killed, but the deposed military lead However, General Kris Sivara, the masat group ( Thammasat University The same can be said this time er Praphas Charusathien, who was present army commander, has ruled was the main base for the October around. World- Outlook W0/2 'The stock market shuddered' British unions defy wage controls; Heath declares 'state By Tony Hodges the November 13 Evening Standard, from June 1972 to March 1973. In ers in a report on October 10: "was intended as a demonstration of the first half of 1973 profit increases "In Barnsley, Mr Arthur Scargill, London its determination to face up to a chal reported by the four major clearing president of the Yorkshire area of the The Tory government of Edward lenge from the miners, electricity work banks were: 75% for Barclays, 77% National Union of Mineworkers, said Heath declared a national state of ers and others engaged in what Mini for Midlands, 81% for National West he could see no alternative to a strike _emergency on November 13, "in view sters regard as a trial of strength." minster, and 96% for Lloyds. by the miners, unless the union re of the present industrial dispute af The government's emergency pow Tory policy from Heath's 1970 elec ceived an offer that would bring min fecting persons employed in the coal ers are similar to those invoked dur tion victory to Phase III has been ers back to the level proposed by mining and electricity supply indus ing the 1972 miners strike, when the to try to revive British capitalism's the Wilberforce Inquiry [which settled tries." The state of emergency came militancy of the miners forced the gov sagging fortunes by holding down the 1~72 strike], that would recognise one day after 270,000 coal miners ernment to retreat and grant a 20% wages and bolstering profits. Phase their increased productivity and the began a nationwide overtime ban to pay increase in spite of its "voluntary" III was preceded by a six-month freeze conditions of their work, and would back up a wage claim prohibited un incomes policy. This time the Tories on wages during Phase I and wage compensate them for the increase in der the Tories' Phase III wage con are defending a compulsory, statutory rise ceilings of £1 plus 4% on existing the cost of living. trols. incomes policy and are determined wages during Phase II. "The Stage III proposals simply did Within hours of Heath's declaration, to prevent the miners winning a second But millions of British workers have not fit into Mr Scargill's equation." the government released its October time. In 1972, the Tories introduced now ·had enough of Tory attempts The Tories are very worried by the trade statistics, revealing a record emergency measures too late to con to erode their living standards. More miners' threat to Phase III. An edi £298 million balance of trade deficit. serve coal stocks; this time they are than 6.25 million workers have sub torial in the November 12 Guardian "Today's events," wrote the November taking no chances. "The [emergency] mitted wage claims that challenge expressed alarm: "There is no sign 13 London Evening Standard, "bear powers," wrote the November 14 Lon Phase III. Among them are 3 million at present that the miners see things all the fearsome hallmarks of one of don Guardian, "allow each minister engineers, 900,000 municipal workers, the Government's way or that any the worst economic crises we have seen to take over essential services and 300,000 raHmen, 320,000 agricultur thing will deter them from their over for many years. The stock market to eschew existing laws and regula al workers, 300,000 postmen, 400,- time ban.... The miners are a com shuddered when the news came over tions. The Department of Trade and 000 civil servants, 220,000 hospital munity with a tradition of solidarity." the 9ity ticker tapes." Industry admitted that, with the nee- workers, and 170,000 bank employ- The government has decided to fight tooth and nail against the miners. In two speeches on November 16- one to a group of American bankers, the other to a meeting of Conservative party members of Parliament-An thony Barber warned the unions that they could no longer expect to im prove pay agreements through indus trial action. "It is inconceivable," he said, "that any government could agree to a dispute being settled by an offer outside the limits laid down." On November 21, the NUM nation al executive committee met to review the overtime ban and its continuing negotiations with the government. The NUM decided to keep up the ban and hold another national executive com mittee meeting on December 13. Then, if the government has still not yielded, the qnion may decide to organise a national referendum of its members to start a full-scale nationwide strike. Other groups of workers have also begun to struggle against Phase III. Further compounding the govern ment's energy problems, 18,000 elec tricity supply engineers began an over Tory policy has been to try to hold down wages and maximize profits. Above, part of February 1971 demonstration of 140,- time ban on November 1. Thousands 000 workers against Heath's Industrial Relations Bill. of London railmen defied their union leaders and staged a one-day unoffi cial strike November 19. The massive October trade deficit essary order, troops· could be sent ees- as well as the 270,000 miners Workers with previous no-strike once again underlined British capital down the mines. . . . already in struggle. records have moved into action. In ism's inability to compete with its im "Ministers can regulate the ports and The miners' overtime ban had a Glasgow, firemen broke with their perialist rivals. Exports were down all transport, and there are powers big impact in its first week. Coming union leaders and held a ten-day strike £54 million in October, while imports of requisition. The government can on top of the Arab states' cutbacks that won big wage increases well be were up £67 million. The October bal take over motor vehicles, aircraft, and in oil production, the coal miners' yond the Phase III limits. Half the ance of payments deficit was £233 parts of buildings, if it considers this strike could threaten the Tories with country's ambulance crews are now million, which if maintained would necessary to cope with the emergency." a major energy crisis. In the first operating an overtime ban following produce a staggering annual balance Most of these provisions do not come week of the overtime ban, coal produc a strike by ambulancemen in Durham. of payments. deficit of £2,500 million. into effect at once. They are designed tion was cut back 500,000 tons from A· national conference on November The London Times expressed ruling more as a threat to the union leaders its normal output of 2.6 million tons 29 may call a national ambulance class fears in a November 16 edi-. to keep the rank a·nd file in check. per week. strike. torial: "Everyone knows we are facing Under Phase III wage-control reg The ban means that safety and While the Tories are shaping up a very unpleasant winter, one of the ulations, which came ·into operation maintenance work is now being done for a hard struggle to impose their nastiest winters since the war. Money on November 7, wages cannot rise during the week, rather than on week statutory wage ceilings on the unions, has become desperately expensive, by more than 7% a year, even though ends, thus taking away, as the Novem they are making increasing use oftheir prices are still rising, almost every prices are- rising much faster. In Oc ber 17 Times put it, from "valuable legal powers to restrict the unions' industry is rumbling with strikes and tober alone, food prices shot up 3.3%, coal-cutting time on Mondays and rights to strike and picket. Britain's balance of payments is in the largest single monthly increase in possibly Tuesdays." The Times pre Under the Industrial Relations Act, huge deficit." food prices for twenty years. The Re dicted bigger output losses as the ban unions can be forced to accept "solu Meanwhile the coal miners were be tail Price Index showed an annual continued. tions" to industrial disputes handed ginning to muster their strength for rate of increase of 10.5% for October. The miners have submitted demands down by the National Industrial Re a long, hard battle to break through While working-class families are pre for wage rises of £8.21 to £12.71. lations Court (NIRC). On September the Phase III wage controls. On No vented by law from keeping up with The National Coal Board offered rises 27, the NIRC ordered the Amalgamat vember 12, some 270,000 miners be skyrocketing prices, the big corpora of only £2.30 to £2.57, saying that ed Union of Engineering Workers gan refusing to work overtime. tions are having a field day. The top no more was allowed within the Phase (A UEW) to halt a strike at the small The swift imposition of a state of twenty companies reported an average III guidelines. A Guardian correspon engineering factory of Con-Mech in emergency by the government, wrote rise of 32.1% in profits per employee dent summed up the anger of the min- Woking, where the employers had re- W0/3 get reelected to office for a further five dustrial Relations Act and the 187L. years. Gormley's whole approach sug Conspiracy and Protection of Proper gested that miners should simply lie ty Act must be repealed. All charges down and get trampled on by the Tor against the Shrewsbury 24 should be ies. Contrary to Gormley, who tries dropped. >f emergency' to frighten the miners into thinking Trade-union militants should de they would be isolated from public mand that the union leaders fight for support, it is obvious that millions of a sliding scale of wages to offset price fused to recognise the union. The Similar threats also came from the workers will look to the mine:rs as rises and that price committees com AUEW, in line with its policy of non coal merchants. Speaking in London leaders in the fight to preserve their posed of trade unionists, students, recognition of the NIRC, refused to on November 21, Leslie Chambers, living standards from the ravages of women, pensioners, and tenants be attend the NIRC's hearings and director of the Coal Merchants Feder Phase III. set up to determine the real rate of in ation, said: "We have not got a strike refused to stop the strike. On Oc The Labour party leaders have crease of workers' living costs. at the present time, and this is a dis tober 10 the NIRC seized £100,000 acted no better. "Mr Wilson's position," In addition to a sliding scale of pute with which we do not want to of A UEW assets for its refusal to com wrote the October 25 Guardian, "is wages, which in many cases would involve ourselves, but in order to hon ply with a court order. straightforward. While opposing the only retain low wages at their exist our our customers, we feel justified in On October 22, the NIRC also fined ing level, the unions should fight for calling on police protection or even (Industrial Relations] Act, he thinks the AUEW £75,000 which, along with a minimum weekly wage of £35. This troops." that people should not act outside the costs, was to be taken from the £100,- law to fight it." is the only measure capable of achiev 000 seized the previous week. This was This sort of sabre rattling is de signed to frighten the trade-union bu But despite the misleadership of the ing a decent standard of living and, the biggest fine NIRC has imposed union and Labour party bureaucrats, together with the demand for automat- since the Industrial Relations Act be reaucrats, who are scared stiff of the came law in February 1972. It was the struggles that lie ahead. The trade third time the AUEW had been fined union leaders-both "left-wingers" and by the NIRC. unabashed right-wingers- proved About 300 demonstrators rallied themselves utterly incapable of put outside the court and half a million ting up any fight against Phases I workers struck on November 5 to and II, thus allowing the Tories to protest the fine. Striking printworkers bring in Phase III without any sig closed down all national newspapers nificant opposition. The Trades and 50,000 autoworkers in British Unions Congress ( TU C) held endless Leyland plants stopped work, costing talks with the government, hoping to the corporation £3.75 million. In Lon convince Heath to work out a "volun don, 2,000 workers marched to a ral tary" r-ather than statutory wage-con ly on Tower Hill. trol policy that the bureaucrats could The NIRC's fines, threatening the sell with greater ease to their discon finances of the unions, are only a tented ranks. part of the Tories' legal assault on These endless talks provoked the the working class. In February 1972 anger of many rank-and-file trade twenty-four building workers were ar unionists, ultimately forcing "leftist" rested and charged with illegal picket Hugh Scanlon, president of the ing during the national building work AUEW, out of the talks, much against ers strike. The workers were charged his will, when his union conference under the 1875 Conspiracy and Pro in July banned him from taking part. tection of Property Act and were Even after the announcement of brought before a court in Shrewsbury Phase III the TUC refused to call off in October. The case of the Shrews its talks and mobilise the working bury 24 is a test for the government class in a united campaign against goal of suppressing the right to pick wage controls. The October 16 Times et, determined as they are to prevent described the deliberations of the any repetition of the militant flying TUC's General Council, held to dis pickets that were so successful dur cuss Heath's package, as rejecting British coal miners rally during 1972 strike. ing the 1972 miners strike. Phase III but "in a way that rules The November 13 Times reported out any centrally organised trade that "an intelligence bureau has been union attack on the programme." The the workers must act to counter the ic wage rises to offset price increases set up at Scotland Yard to give po General Council rejected a proposal to Tories' attacks on their standard of as recorded by working-class price lice forces throughout the country ear call an emergency congress of the living. The TUC must stop all talks committees, it poses a revolutionary ly warning of when industrial unrest TUC and simply crawled back to the with the government and start to mo challenge to the capitalist system. may turn into violence. . . . The in Tories for another round of talks. bilise the working class in independent telligence unit will serve as a 'clear This time Scanlon was back with them. struggle against all wage controls. The As the miners launch their struggle ing house' for information so that No more treacherous role has been unions must stick firm to the right to break through the Phase III pay provincial forces can be alerted in ad played than that by Joe Gormley, the of free collective bargaining and re limits, no task is more urgent than vance of possible trouble." Tory Home miners' president, who warned the ject every form of government wage rallying the entire labour movement Secretary Robert Carr told Parliament miners against striking in a speech on restrictions. behind them. A congress of the TUC that a coordinated plan had been de October 21. Gormley told an audience The unions must preserve their in should be called at once to map out a vised by the police and the Home Of of miners that if they struck, the Tories dependence from the state and reject united campaign of action by the fice to ensure that "violent" industrial would stage a snap election, blame the all attempts by the Tories to curtail whole movement against Phase troubles would be "dealt with." country's troubles on the miners, and the right to strike and picket. The In- III. in the United States teaching courses Mezey went on to describe Baraheni down with the shah!" at the Universities of Texas and Utah. as "a very distinguished novelist, poet About 200 people refused to cross According to Robert Mezey, a pro and playwright- one of the foremost the picket line, but followed the pro fessor at the University of Utah; Ba in his country. He is a prolific and testers into the meeting; which was raheni had expressed criticisms of the serious writer." attended by a total of only 300. In Iranian Iranian government while in the Unit A petition circulated at the Univer response to questions about political ed States, and some faculty members sity of Utah read in part: "It is clear repression in Iran and the cases of at the university, it was reported in that he is being punished because he Baraheni and others, the ambassador intellectual the university paper, the Daily Utah is an intellectual actively engaged in asked one Iranian student his name, Chronical,. believed that he was ar his people's struggle to free themselves how long he had been in the United arrested, rested because of an article printed from poverty, illiteracy and oppres States, and the names and addresses before his return. Mezey described a sive government. We demand his re of the people in the shah's prisons! letter that had been received from Ba lease." tortured raheni's wife: "She wrote that this ar Baraheni's case received broad pub Zahedi was unable to satisfy the ticle was not a political one, but a licity in Austin, Texas, when the Iran audience. The meeting ended to the The Iranian regime, in September, piece of literary criticism. She also ian ambassador to the United States, chants of the demonstrators. arrested Reza Baraheni, a prominent told us that she has seen Baraheni Ardeshir Zahedi, spoke at the Univer The demonstration would have been poet and literary critic. He had just only three times since his imprison sity of Texas there December 5. Z ahedi even larger, but many Arabs and returned to his position at the Univer ment and that she had reason to be was met by a picket line of 80 people Iranian students feared reprisals if sity of Tehran after spending a year lieve he has been tortured." chanting, "The shah is a U.S. puppet; they participated. World Outlook W0/4 draw some conclusions: In October 1972, a year after the defeat represented by the August 1971 coup, the Bolivian workers showed Rifts among_£QQitalists~. militarY. that they were making a clear recov ery. Since 1972, workers combativityhas continued to grow, while the crisis has been deepening and disunity Bolivia: the workers movement revives reigns in the army, the government, [The following article was published tested in the struggle. At the same time, ened to take action against any putch and the capitalist parties. in the November 1 issue of Avanzada the left forces began to win trade-union ist sector of the armed forces that The workers focused their struggle Socialista, the weekly paper of the elections from the slates that the gov might attempt to prevent the elections on restoring their traditional organiza Argentine PST (Partido Socialista de ernment backed in its attempt to get from being held. tions, such as the Miners Federation los Trabajadores- Socialist Workers a brake on the struggles by putting However, the date for the elections and the COB, while at the same they party). The translation is by Intercon bureaucratic hacks in charge of trade has yet to be set. In the first place, took advantage of all legal and semi tinental Press.] union reorganization. some sections of the MNR have called legal openings, such as trade-union During the last two months of 1972, on their leaders to withdraw the party elections, that facilitated the work of activists in reunifying the ranks of Banzer had to confront demands for from the discredit~d ruling coalition, At the end of October 1972, Colonel the labor movement. Banzer's government devalued the Bo Contrary to the expectations of livian currency by 66.66 percent, some, guerrilla warfare has played which in effect was a disastrous blow no role in the revival of the mass to the workers' standard of living. movement in Bolivia. What is more, That is, it was as if the imperialist there hasn't even been a sign of guer and Bolivian capitalists had reached rilla activity since the 1971coupd'etat, into the workers' pockets and taken either in the countryside or the city. 66 centavos out of every peso they Despite pronouncements that they had. would stay in power for a decade, However, the workers movement, Banzer and his cronies were unable which had been waging some partial to accomplish their planned installa struggles since the August 1971 coup tion of a solid Brazilian-style dicta d'etat that overthrew Juan Jose To torship. rres, was able to respond to the sit Contrary to the expectations of~ uation: others, under the pressure of growing "Today thousands of workers from workers struggles, friction has in various sectors of the labor force creased between different Bolivian cap launched a mobilization to resist the italist groups, and also between them government's economic measures, call and imperialism, prompting some sec ing indefinite stoppages in their respec tors to demand elections. tive workplaces. La Paz's .main fac A minister issued a statement, which tories were at a standstill.... Work was only half denied by Banzer, Bolivian tin miners marched on La Paz with dynamite following Banzer coup in 1971. ers from the SAID textile factory, em saying that all tendencies would be ploying approximately a thousand allowed to participate in the elections, "since this will also be a good way white- and blue-collar workers, higher wages and legalization of the leaving the Banzer candidacy bal jammed the main thoroughfare of this to find out just how many communists trade unions, which came in conjunc anced precariously on one leg. More there are in Bolivia." ( Cronista Co city, which leads to the International tion with a continuous chain of sit-in over, when a minister said recently Airport and connects up Bolivia's most mercia[, October 19, 1973.) This led strikes that defied the martial law im on his own authority that elections to general speculation that the important highways. Hundreds of posed by the military. would be held on June 2, 1974, and workers gathered in downtown La Paz Bolivian government was investigating On May Day 1973, some 15,000 promised a broad amnesty for all the possibility of opening up talks to begin a protest march." ( Clarin, workers marched through La Paz de political prisoners, including left with "all the leftist and ultraleft forces" October 31, 1972.) manding that the COB be legalized. wingers, Banzer was quick to deny -as the Buenos Aires daily Clarin The struggle spread. In Cochabam Popular ferment rose to a new peak his assertions. put it in its October 9 issue- with a ba, "... in the central part of the during October this year in protests So, while the bank workers have view to negotiating the conditions of country, factory workers declared their against the miserable raise of 6,000 been spearheading popular struggles their participation in the elections. solidarity with their compafieros in pesos a month [US$60] decreed by recently, showing their solidarity with The Banzer d!ctatorship seems to La Paz. The strike could affect some the government, an increase that an imprisoned trade-union leader by find itself in a situation similar to · 5,000 workers during a twenty-four seemed like a mockery in the face of calling a massive strike, Banzer and the first stage of the Ovando regime. hour period. Unofficial reports indi galloping inflation. the capitalist parties have been issuing We hope that the Bolivian worker and cated that in some areas prisoners At the beginning of this year, the were released [by the mobilized work long statements trying to cover up student activists have drawn the les Bolivian authorities proclaimed ,!hat the infighting that prevents them from sons of Torres's fall and that they will ers)." (La Nacion, October 31, 1972.) the military would remain in the gov The most important immediate re uniting to confront the militant Bo take up the task of building the instru ernment for another five to ten years. sults of this uprising were a 20 per livian workers. ment that they needed to win in 1971 However, early last June the PSDB cent raise won by the workers from The situation in Bolivia leads us to -the revolutionary party. [Partido Social Dem6crata Boliviano the government and the return to the -Bolivian Social Democratic party], union membership of the headquarters one of the parties composing the ruling of the La Paz Miners Federation- the coalition, came out with a position strongest union in the Central Obrera that calling free elections was the "only Boliviana (COB- Bolivian Workers Intercontinental Press solution to the problems confronting Federation]. The headquarters had the country." That is, in the face of Afrique Asie, Paris; Aboral, Santo Domingo; Andishe va Bonar, Teheran; Avan been closed down after Torres fell. the popular mobilizations, this was the zada Socialista, Buenos Aires; Bandera Roja, Mexico City; Bandiera Rossa, Rome; The October explosion was preceded only answer the imperialists and the Bohemia, Havana; La Breche, Lausanne; Bresche, Zurich; Direct Action, Sydney; by a few limited struggles by the teach bosses could come up with. Ettalaat, Teheran; La Gauche, Brussels; Hsinhua, Hong Kong; Inprdeon; Stuttgart; ers and journalists unions, among oth Confronted with this and other pres Izvestia, Moscow; Klassrfeampen, Aarhus, Denmark; Klassenkampf Luxembourg; ers. Also, from his first days in office, sures, Banzer chose to retreat from the Labor Challenge, Toronto; La Rai, Calcutta; Liberation, Montreal; Marrha, Monte there was friction between Banzer and position he held at the start of this video; The Mrlitant, New York; Le Monde, Paris; Mullvaden, Stockholm; La Na various capitalist sectors. year. He pledged to call elections for don, Buenos Aires; The New Yom Times; La Opinion, Buenos Aires; Prfeing Re Following the revolt in La Paz and mid-1974. At the same time, he sought view; Pravda, Moscow; Quatrieme Intemationale, Paris; Red Weekly, London, Revista in other cities, infighting among the to fuse the two coalition parties making de America, Buenos Aires; Rood, Ghent; Rouge, Paris; Revolucion Peruana, Lima; various sectors of Bolivia's capitalists up the government- the Falange So Sdeai Kukumei, Tokyo; Socialist Action, Wellington; Voz Socialista, Caracas; Vrij grew more and more intense. In one cialista Boliviana [Bolivian Socialist Nederland, Amsterdam; Was Tun, Frankfurt. instance, Colonel Selich ( Che Gue Phalanx) and the Movimiento Nacio There is only one way to get the news of the world each week without having vara's murderer), who was Banzer's nalista Revolucionario [Revolutionary a subscription to Intercontinental Press- read each of the above newspapers right-hand man in the coup against Nationalist Movement] into a single and more. Torres, was first recalled as ambas party to back his candidacy. But even if you had the money and the language skill, you would still miss sador to Paraguay and subsequent On the other hand, a group ofyoung the special quality that makes Intercontinental Press stand out from other weeklies ly killed- accused of conspiring military officers came out with a -docu -analyses of the important events by our staff of experienced political writers. against the government. ment in which they declared that they You would also miss the documents and interviews that appear in Intercontinental Immediately following the La Paz were "ready to break with the decrepit Press. Most of these are not attainable elsewhere. actions, the Comite de Defensa de los structures of the country in order to tf you want accurate information, understandable analyses, you need a sub Trabajadores [Workers Defense Com avoid increasing Bolivia's dependence scription to Intercontinental Press. Send $7.50 for six months to Intercontinental mittee] was formed, which was made on foreign capital." ( Clarin, July 15, Press, P. 0. Box 116, Village Stn., New York, NY 10014. up of rank-and-file factory delegates 1973.) At the same time, they threat- As Ford fills Agnew's shoes Pressure mounts for Nixon's resignation By LINDA JENNESS tion," they said in similar editorials. crisis and inflation require a reinvig Gerald Ford has assumed office as the The fact that sections of the ruling orated Presidency." 40th vice-president of the United class would prefer Ford to Nixon is Columnist Joseph Alsop, a long States, succeeding convicted tax testimony to their concern about Nix time Nixon apologist, was even more dodger Spiro Agnew. on's total bankruptcy of authority and blunt. He wrote, "At home . . . we Even in the eyes of his congressional credibility. have both the energy crisis and its colleagues and the capitalist press, "Never before have I seen a time potential economic consequences. Ford's strongest feature seems to be when the country would not rally Abroad, there are half a dozen lurk his lack of a felony record. around the president," said one cor ing dangers, of which several have "He has no more charisma than does poration chairman. life-or-death potential. Does anyone Mr. Nixon, which is to say he is as In a special study conducted this fall then, feel sure we can survive three plain as bread. He is not creative ..." for the Senate Committee on Govern years with a President crippled by in wrote the Wall Street Journal. ment Operations, the Louis HarrisPoll cessant inquiry and incessant attack?" "Nobody's superstar," said the Wash showed that only 18 percent of the These Democrats and Republicans ington Post. American people feel "a great deal of who now call for Nixon's head aren't "Not a man of imagination or hu confidence in the White House." This concerned about t•Jninating corrup mor," opined Senator William Prox is about a third of the number who tion, secrecy, or infringetnent of civil mire (D-Wis.) have the same level of confidence in liberties by the government. They sim The New York Times glumly ob "local trash collection." ply want to restore popular illusions served, "Ford might well represent no It's hardly surprising that cynicism that such evils are not inherently part improvement. His record on racial grows deeper and deeper. In the saga of capitalist rule. equality, civil liberties, economic Jus of the missing-erased tapes, for Ford's confirmation illustrates the tice and social reform certainly pro instance, Nixon's story gets wilder and impossibility of relying on Congress and the liberal capitalist politicians vides no ground for optimism. His FORD: 'Nobody's superstar' wilder. knowledge of foreign affairs is thin Trying to explain the 18-minute era to take any meaningful action against . . . and his speeches are routinely sure on a subpoenaed Watergate tape, the political methods symbolized by partisan and banal." bility." General Alexander Haig, Nixon's Watergate. The liberal Democrats fell Yet in the same editorial the Times Other Republicans have already giv chief of staff, resorted to what he called right into line behind this notorious urged Ford's elevation to the highest en it so much consideration they are "the devil theory." He testified that per warhawk, opponent of civil rights, and office in the land. Pointing out that speculating that Ford will name soon haps some "sinister force," or "some antilabor hatchet man. Ford was confirmed by a Democratic to-resign White House adviser Melvin outside source of energy" might have Virtually the only figures who felt controlled Congress and has "impec Laird as his vice-president. caused the erasure. compelled to vote against Ford were cable credentials as a Republican par Conservative columnists Rowland When that didn't go over too well, Black members of congress. Even ty loyalist," the Times editors call on Evans and Robert Novak pointed out Haig challenged Rose Mary Wood's among them, Representative Andrew the GOP to dump Nixon and resolve why more Republicans would like to testimony. Wood, Nixon's personal Young (D-Ga. ), a former civil rights the nation's "crisis of leadership." see a Ford in their future: "as the secretary, claims she "accidentally" activist, backed Ford with the lame Ford's confU'mation is seen by many 197 4 campaign comes closer, every erased five minutes of the tape while apology that Kennedy and Johnson, capitalist politicians as the green light Republican candidate is going to wor talking on the telephone. But she too, had entered the White House with for either pressuring Nixon to resign ry about the Nixon drag on his own swears she was not on the telephone poor civil-rights voting records, and or impeaching him. "Ninety days," race." more than five minutes. that he hoped Ford would rise to said one congressional Republican. Representative Clarence Long (D Haig told newsmen he thinks Wood his new job. "Ninety days, Gerry Ford will be Pres Md.) warned the Republicans, "Hyou is responsible for the entire erasure. One excuse offered for the liberals' ident in 90 days." keep the present incumbent in office "I've known women who think they've capitulation, often echoed by the capi Liberal Republican Senator Jacob for three more years the Democrats talked for five minutes and then have talist press, is to palm Ford off as Javits from New York openly declared could win in 1976 with the Boston talked for an hour," he said. the kind of person the public asked that Ford's confirmation produced "a Strangler." The U.S. capitalist rulers are wor for at the polls in 1972. Tom Wicker new situation concerning any call on The day after Ford was sworn in, ried about their ability to conduct their of the New York Times, for example, the President to resign in the interest the Chicago Sun-Times and the Chi policies with an albatross like Nixon wrote, "Gerald Ford, above all, is a of the country." Javits said he and cago Daily News joined the impeach around their necks. As the New York conservative Republican, whose acces others would have to "give every ment chorus. "The President's culpa Times put it, "The dangerous situa sion to the Presidency could not do thoughtful consideration to that possi- bility seems to us to be beyond ques- tion in the Middle East, the energy Co_ntinued on page 22 How Nixon became a millionaire in office Richard Nixon's financial records deduction after the tax laws were The White House also ordered the show that sin.ce taking the office of changed to prohibit it. About $240,- IRS to carry out special audits on president he has become a millionaire. 000 of Nixon's new wealth came from Nixon's political opponents as a Nixon's salary as president is about tax benefits for donating the papers. means of harassment. $550 a day, plus an expense account It will also take some fast talking to The main question, however, is not of $137 a day. His fortune, however, explain why Nixon has not paid taxes whether Nixon's actions went beyond was not made by saving his pay in either California or Washington, the limits of "legal" tax dodges for the check. D.C. rich. Most Americans know that tax Nixon's wealth was amassed Nixon's financial papers have also evasion by the capitalists is standard through real estate shenanigans, made revealed a series of shady deals in operating procedure, as a Harris poll under the tutelage of his multimillion which he would buy property from conducted last September showed. aire buddies Bebe Rebozo and Robert Rebozo or Abplanalp and then sell Seventy-four percent of those polled Abplanalp, and through manipulation it back to them at a handsome profit. agreed that "tax laws are written for of tax benefits. In at least some cases, he paid no the rich, not the average man." And Forced by public suspicion to re tax on the hundreds of thousands he 60 percent felt that "most elective offi lease a large volume of his financial pocketed in these transactions. cials are in politics fo:c all they person records, Nixon may have gotten him ally can get out of it for themselves." self into even deeper trouble. Not only Now a Congressional committee is The effect of the Nixon revelations are many of the key questions left reviewing Nixon's tax returns. If the in confirming these opinions has unanswered, but even one of his own committee rules against him, Nixon caused some distress in the ruling cir accounting fll'ms says he violated the promises he will pay the nearly $300,- cles. The New York Times editors tax laws. 000 in back taxes. warned, "A tax system that depends Nixon's tax revelations are especial But even if Nixon is found to have upon tl;le cooperation of millions of ly galling to overtaxed working peo broken the law, it's a safe bet that private citizens cannot long survive if ple. The records show that the mil he, like Agnew, will not see the inside it is shown that those who should set lionaire president paid only $792.81 of a jail cell for this crime. an example are instead taking advan in taxes in 1970 and $878.03 in 1971. It should also be recalled that at the tage of loopholes and walking a nar That is less than a family of four same time Nixon was dodging taxes row line between the legal and the ille trying to get by on a $10,000-a-year in 1970 and '71, he was using the gal." income has to pay. Internal Revenue Service to try Their concern might be more truth One of Nixon's tricks is to make to crack down on political activity on fully stated this way: When someone enough "deductible contributions" to campuses. A set of IRS "guidelines" under the public spotlight like Nixon put him in a lower tax bracket. His was issued over Nixon's signature in is clumsy enough to get caught as a biggest "contribution" was his collec 1970. These were sent to colleges tax swindler, it threatens to blow the tion of vice-presidential papers, which across the country threatening them cover off the entire system of fleecing were assigned the dubious value of with loss of tax-exempt status if they the workers to pay for the government He should know. Nixon hogged a fortune $576,000. But now Nixon has to ex failed to stop political activity by stu and military that protects the wealth by evading taxes and making shady real plain how he apparently took this dents, faculty, and staff. of the industrialists and financiers. estate deals. THE MIUTANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 13 fl:lgare for nat'l conference 300 East Coast trade-union women meet By RUTHANN MILLER . The conference was an indication "We know there is a need for a 3,000 workers, mostly Chicanas, have PHILADELPHIA- More than 300 of the growing sentiment among union change in our unions. We see that been on strike for a year. and a half, trade-union women attended the East women for action around the issues we are underrepresented in our unions. the conference broke down into state Coast regional conference of the Coali- that have been raised by the women's Our unions have not taken our needs and union workshops. These work tion of Labor Union Women (CL UW) liberation movement. seriously. shops discussed ways of involving held here Dec. 8. Shelli Sonstein from the American "But the unions are changing," Son- more union women in CL UW and stein continued. She pointed to the bringing as many women as possible AFL-CIO's recent endorsement of the to the national conference. Equal Rights Amendment, reversing Among the 35 international unions its previous opposition to the ERA, represented at this conference were the as one example. To loud cheers and Amalgamated Clothing Workers of applause she asserted, "We forced that America, Amalgamated Meat Cutters change. Union women forced that and Butcher Workers, lnt'l Ladies' change." Garment Workers' Union, the Interna Addie Wyatt of the Amalgamated tional Brotherhood of Teamsters, and Meat Cutters and Butcher Workers, the United Farm Workers. one of the keynote speakers, told the While the conference was structured conference, "trade-union women are in a way that did not allow much time going to have to take the leadership for discussion of the political issues of this movement if it is to accomplish involved, there was general excitement real changes in the lives of women in and enthusiasm for the national con this country." ference in March. It is at the national Other speakers included Ed Toohey, conference that the issues and direction president of the Philadelphia AFL-CIO of this coalition will be hammered Council, and Evelyn Dubrow, lobbyist out. for the International Ladies' Garment The closing speech was given by Workers' Union. Edith Van Horn from the United Auto A panel discussion was held with Workers. Van Horn said the trade speakers on three topics: Lillian Ro union movement owed a word of Militant/Terry Hillman berts from District Council 37 of the thanks to the women's liberation Among participants at Coalition of Labor Union Women's conference were (left to American Federation of State, County movement. "It's because ofthewomen's right): Shelli Sc:mstein, Joyce Miller, Addie Wyatt, and Edith Van Horn. and Municipal Employees spoke on movement that we are here," she said. organizing the unorganized women; "The women's movement has spurred Rosmary Trump of the Service Em us on to organize as trade-union · This conference was a big first in Federation of Television and Radio ployees International Union spoke on women." size and aims. Its purpose was to Artists welcomed the unionists to the involving women in trade-union activ The national conference of the Coali "bring together women trade-union conference. "For over one hundred ity; and Ruth Weyand of the Interna tion of Labor Union Women will be members to deal with our special con . yell.rs, women have built the union tional Union of Electrical, Radio and held at the Pick-Congress Hotel in cerns as unionists and women in the movement in this country," Sonstein Machine Workers spoke on Affirma Chicago March 23-24, 1974. For more labor force" and to plan for a nation said. "Yet, for over one hundred years, tive Action Programs. information write to Addie Wyatt, al conference of CL UW set for March we have been denied equal status with After showing a film about the Chairwoman of CL UW, 4859 S. Wa 23-24 in Chicago. men.... Farah strike in El Paso, Texas, where bash, Chicago, ill. 60615. SF campaign to enforce child-care victory By CAROL LIPMAN enforcing Proposition M: the mayor's ed workshops on topics such as fi Some of the city agencies sent their SAN FRANCISCO- One hundred office, the board of supervisors, ll.nd nancing expanded child care, parent financial "experts" to the conference and sixty people, representing a broad the board of education. For example, teacher-community control of child to explain how broke the city is. CAPA array of local child-care centers and the following demand was addressed care programs, and on-the-job child activists were skeptical, knowing how programs, unions, government agen to the board of education: care programs. All the workshops en much money is spent on police and cies, and other organizations, attend "Into every school building" being dorsed the action proposal. on unneeded freeways. These activists ed a Dec. 8 conference called by Child reconstructed to meet California earth said they were sure money would be and Parent Action (CAPA) to map quake safety standards, "there must be found if enough people let the city out an aggressive program to imple new centers built with flexibility for know in no uncertain terms, through ment Proposition M. round-the-clock, round-the-year pro public action, that they want expanded Proposition M, an initiative demand grams for community use, such as: child care. ing that the city provide low-cost qual early childhood programs, children's In addition, hundreds of thousands ity child care for all San Francisco centers, after-school programs, parent of dollars available for expanded child children, passed by a wide margin cooperatives, Head Start and CAP, care were not used or even reported to in the city elections in November. and others." the public by the city government this CAP A is the coalition that petitioned And, "the board of education must year. to get· Proposition M on the ballot take immediate steps to absorb the The conference ended with a plenary and waged the successful campaign huge waiting list of children who need session that adopted the action pro for a "yes" vote. child-care services now. The enroll posal and a new statement of pur Sylvia Weinstein, a CAPA cochair ment in elementary school has de pose defining CAPA as an independent woman, expressed the intent of the creased by over 2,000 children in the action-oriented coalition. It also estab meeting when she stated during the past year, leaving empty clas:room lished a new structure that will help opening session, "Even though Propo space that can easily be utilized for CAPA become a broad coalition of all sition M won, we still have to orga child-care programs." those interested in struggling for child nize to enforce that victory. Unfor The resolution ends by stating how care for all. Many of those present tunately, politicians don't carry out CAPA plans to fight to win these de signed up for the new steering commit the mandate of the people. We've got mands: tee of CAPA. to help ourselves. We've got to rely "We will mobilize support from par A cross section of the child-care pro on our own power." ents, teachers and the communities to grams available now in San Francisco Bringing greetings to the conference press for implementation. We'll fill the -25 in all-were represented at the were John Kidder, commissioner ofthe meetings and hearings of the board conference. Government and city agen San Francisco board of education, of supervisors and education to press cies such as the Office of Child De and John McCoy, representing Wilson these demands. We'll go to the may velopment of HEW, Economic Oppor Riles, state superintendent of public or's office. We're prepared to picket tunity Council, State Department of instruction. and demonstrate and . . . we'll plan Education, and the mayor's officewere Pat Crawford, another cochairwom a massive protest demonstration if the also represented. an of CAPA and a member of the Na city fails to carry out the mandate Organizations attending the confer tional Organization for Women, pre from the voters. ence included the Children's Council, sented the proposal for action and a "We're relying on the power of united National Women's Political Caucus, statement of purpose that became the parent and community action rather National Organization for Women, main basis of discussion in workshops than dollars and empty promises to Childcare Switchboard, Union Wage, and the final plenary session. win these programs for our children. Militant/Howard Petrick Socialist Workers Party, Young So By passing this proposal, she indi CAPA will hold another general meet San Francisco child-care demonstration cialist Alliance, and several parents cated, CAPA was demanding imme ing on Jan. 19, 1974, to discuss the last spring. More demonstrations are groups. A number of unions were also diate action to expand child care by city's response to our next activities." planned to demand implementation of represented, including the American three city agencies most capable of Participants in the conference attend- child-care initiative. Federation of Teachers. 14 UMWA convention P-_/ans organizing drive Miners approve new contract demands By KAREN PEWITT WA contract will run out Nov. 4, 1974. Dec. 8 was Senator Edward Kennedy PITTSBURGH-With many delegates There has been much talk about the (D-Mass.). noting "This is my first convention" as possibility of a long strike to win an There has been a heated debate over they rise to speak, the United Mine acceptable new contract. a proposal to approximately double Workers of America ( UMW A) conven One of the best-received of the many dues, along with another motion to tion here has made a series of impor guest speakers at the convention was assess miners from $1 to $10 a month tant changes in the union constitution Cesar Chavez, president of the United for the strike fund. Secretary-treasurer and approved substantial new contract Farm Workers. "You are celebrating Harry Patrick argued in favor of the demands. your rebirth, and everyone in the la dues increase, saying that it would al The delegates have voted to change bor movement in America today, and low the UMWA to continue its cam the constitution so that the national anyone in the country who is con paign to organize the unorganized, contract must be ratified by the mem cerned with the social ills that affect such as the Brookside, Ky., miners, bership. Among the contract demands us ... are looking at you to see what and to prepare for a major fight with adopted Dec. 10 are: you are going to do here tod·ay," he the coal operators over the new con e A six-hour-a-day five-day week told the delegates. tract. with double pay for overtime. After Chavez described the lettuce The delegates passed a proposal to e A cost-of-living escalator clause and grape boycott, which the UMW A raise dues to $12 a month, to be to help miners keep up with inflation. endorsed, a film was shown depicting divided equally between the local, dis e Thirty days annual sick pay. Teamster and police attacks on Farm trict, and international. (The current contract has no provision Workers pickets. Miners then expressed The miners have been outspoken for sick pay.) their solidarity with the UFW by tak during the discussion, which has been Delegates also approved a report ing up a collection of more than conducted in an open manner. They from theW elfare and Retirement Com $2,600 among the 1,000 delegates. A have demanded clarification on some mittee, including proposals to raise motion for the UMW A to donate an points and rejected several reports, pensions for soft-coal miners from additional $10,000 to the UFW car sending them back to committee for $150 a month to $500 monthly, with ried unanimously. reworking. a cost-of-living clause, over the life of United Mine Workers President Arnold I. W. Abel, head of the United Steel Last week, delegates were angered the next contract. The proposal would Miller. workers, received a much cooler re to discover that several hated coal also lower the retirement age from sponse from the convention, particu operators were sitting in the conven 55 to 50. by the coal companies from 7 5 cents larly when he discussed the no-strike tion hall. They demanded that the To finance this increase in the fund, a ton to $2.40 a ton by 1977. agreement he is trying to foist on steel bosses leave, and President Miller in the convention voted to demand an Negotiations are set to begin soon workers. structed the ushers to see the operators increase in the tonnage royalty paid on a new contract. The present UM- The featured speaker at a banquet out. Ky. miners fight for union representation BY CINDY JAQUITH stressed health benefits, pensions, organization, the Brookside Women's 35 or younger, but the militant union BROOKSIDE, Ky.- In the 1930s and safety, and job protection as the most Club. tradition established here in the 1930s 1940s, Harlan County, Ky., was the important issues in this fight. "I Students at the University of North is still strong. This was brought home scene of bloody battles by miners for was raised under the UMWA and it Carolina and Duke University have by a spirited strike rally held in near the right to a union. The fruits of fed me my bread many a time. The picketed the offices of Duke Power by Evarts on Nov. 4, which more those bitter fights were lost again in union has hospitalization. They have Company, the electric power con than 1,000 people attended. Speakers the early 1960s when the United Mine a hospital card to protect their people, glomerate that owns Eastover. One at the event included Mike Trbovich; Workers of America (UMWA) was and women and children sure need it focus of the students' protests has been "Granny" Hager, who organized rov ousted from most mines in Eastern these days." Duke's request for a 17 percent rate ing pickets in earlier UMW A strikes; Kentucky, through a combination of The UMWA health and retirement hike. and Florence Reece, who wrote "Which corrupt union leadership, a decline benefits are paid for through a 75- To coordinate this work, some of the Side Are You On?" in the coal industry, and automation. cent-a-ton royalty on coal produced. striking miners went to Duke Uni But today as you drive toward Eastover doesn't want to pay more versity to meet student supporters. For Houston Elmore says the rally was Brookside, a small town in Harlan than 50 cents a ton. one miner it was his first visit to "an emotional event, with miners and County, bumper stickers on many The miners also want stricter en a campus. "The student demonstra their wives crying," as old union songs cars proclaim "UMWA- Here to forcement of safety provisions. One tions at their height in the 1960s left were sung. The meeting took place Stay." The union is now fighting to picketer explained that the last in regain its foothold here, beginning spection at the mine showed 48 viola with the Brookside mine owned by the tions, including serious violations in Eastover Mining Company. the escapeways, which have existed Last summer, by a vote of 113 to since last March. 55, the Brookside miners voted to "In case someone wants to fire me, throw out the company union, the with the UMWA I've got someone to Southern Labor Union (SL U), and back me up," added another man on to affiliate instead with the United the picket line. Punitive transfers and Mine Workers. But Norman Yar firings were common under the SL U. borough, president of Eastover, re The increased demand for fuel now fused to recognize the terms of the makes it more likely that Eastover UMWA national contract, thus forcing will have to yield to the miners' de the men to go out on strike. They mands. But so far, the negotiations have been out since August. have gotten nowhere. Yarborough is The Brookside strike is the focus of not even willing to accept the miners' the UMW A drive to organize unor" right to strike. ganized miners, initiated under the But instead of shooting men on the new leadership of President Arnold picket line or bombing their houses Miller. In Eastern Kentucky, 15,000 as the coal operators did in the old of the 21,000 miners are not in the days, Eastover is relying on court UMWA. injunctions to restrict the number of pickets. The miners' response has The union has thrown major re Militant/Cindy Jaquith sources into the strike, paying $80 been both creative and effective. Pickets at the Brookside mine to $100 weekly strike benefits and After strike supporters were arrested providing medical care for the for "violating" picket limits, a retired me with a bad impres~ion of the uni just after the arrests of several strikers. strikers' families. Miller and UMWA miner-turned-preacher began holding versities," he said. "But after I visited Granny Hager captured the mood of Vice-president Mike Trbovich have "highway revival" services every the university and talked to several the crowd when she declared: "These both been on the picket lines here. morning near the picket line. Some students, it certainly changed my out sidewinding, dirty, low-down, ornery, Houston Elmore, an international days 500 people turned out for these look." scabbing highway patrol is got no organizer for the UMWA in Brook services, which began at sunrise and Unions have also lent support to the business coming on our territory!" side, is confident that Eastover will lasted until the company realized it strike, including the North Carolina Florence Reece, who is in her be forced to give in eventually. A couldn't bring in any scabs that AFL-CIO, United Steelworkers, Tex seventies, sang "Which Side Are You victory at the Brookside mine will day. tile Workers, Communications Work On?" and concluded by telling the open the door to unionization of the Women strike supporters have also ers, United Electrical Workers, and crowd: "Now you all know which side other mines in the area. played a big role in keeping out United Auto Workers. you're on, so stay on it and fight, Strikers interviewed by The Militant scabs. They have formed their own Two-thirds of the men on strike are fight, fight!" THE MIUTANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 15 Behind UFT-Shanker raid on AFSCME By FRANK LOVELL School aides interviewed by the on the AFL-CIO constitution, which Low-paid school aides in New York union paper question the motives of the union paper says "bars union raid- City are getting special attention for the Teachers union. Shirley Reuling, ing." • the first time in several years because an aide at PS 134 in Manhattan, wants Jerry Wurf, international president of a jurisdictional raid by Albert Shan t9 know "why do they want us now, of AFSCME, has filed charges against ker's United Federation of Teachers when they've looked down on us for the Teachers union under the Internal (UFT) against the American Feder so long?" She say,s, "I've been here Disputes section of the AFL-CIO con ation of State, County and Municipal 12 years, and they can't fool me so stitution. But as a vice-president of the Employees (AFSCME), which in the easily." AFL-CIO and a member of its Execu past has represented them. One article, "The Iniquitous Tacti'cs tive Council, Wurf knows that this is Of 25,000 school aides working as of Albert Shanker," explains that Shan not the first raid, nor is it likely to be clerks, kitchen help, hall monitors, and ker is "in an empire-building mood" the last. He also knows that little has other jobs, most are members of Lo since being elected to the AFL-CIO ever been done by the Executive Coun cal 372, affiliated to AFSCME District Executive Council at the federation's cil to halt such raids. Council37. recent convention. He managed to get One reason for this particular UFT organizers have been quietly the post over the head of David Sel attempt by Shanker to raid a section signing up school aides on the promise den, president of the American Federa of Wurf's union is the growing division that the Teachers union will win high tion of Teachers. within the ranks of the top union bu er pay for them. The UFT has pe Labor commentator John Herling is reaucracy. Shanker is closely aligned titioned for an election, claiming that quoted to show that strong opposition .a;· with AFL-CIO President George it represents the majority. to Shanker's candidacy developed at SHANKER: In empire-building mood Meany, while Wurf is one of Meany's Efforts of AFSCME officials to re a heated session of the AFL-CIO Ex critics. Their differences were expressed tain their jurisdiction are reported at ecutive Council. "The opposition was by Wurf before the AFL-CIO conven length in the Nov. 16 issue of Public led by Seafarers President Paul Hall, ers, Oil, Chemical and Atomic Work tion in a feature article for the Oct. Employee Press, biweekly publication but he was joined in voting against ers." 14 Sunday edition of the Washington of District Council 37. The front page Shanker's nomination by heads of the Reporting on the "illegal raid by Post titled "Labor's Battle. With Itself." shows an emergency meeting of Local Electrical Workers, Communications S'lanker," the AFSCME publication Wurf dared to say that the union 372 shop stewards Nov. 1 to mobilize Workers, AFSCME, Railway and Air quotes District Council· 37 Executive movement has been unsuccessful in its against the UFT raid. line Clerks, Machinists, Rubber Work- Director Victor Gotbaum, describing efforts to influence Congress. He cited. Shanker as "a man who has polarized the Nixon veto of the minimum wage the City and disrupted the schools bill as an example. "That Mr. Nixon before." The reference is to Shanker's did so, and that labor could not per racist strike in 1968 of the New York suade Congress to override the veto, school system against Black and Puer is one of the most telling fact4 about to Rican control of education in the what's wrong with labor today," Wurf Ocean Hill-Brownsville school district, wrote. and to Shanker's current racist cam He introduced a resolution at the paign against Superintendent Luis Fu AFL-CIO convention for a "commis entes in Manhattan School District 1. sion on unionism" to study the prob Gotbaum promises that he will not lems of the labor movement. This was let Shanker's raid "deprive a single ~ voted down by the Meany forces. Aide of a job or raise." AFSCME Wurrs central argument is that the leaflets are warning school aides: union movement wastes its energies "When finances are tight (as they usu in jurisdictional disputes and fails to ally are in the Board of Education) organize the unorganized. But he is whose jobs would the UFT protect also critical of Meany's brand of Dem first-yours or Teachers'?" In there ocratic Party politics and his flirta cent past the UFT has not supported tion with Nixon in 1972. school lunch programs in the poor There is little difference between districts. If these programs are lost, Shanker and AFSCME representatives so are the jobs of the workers who in New York politics. Gotbaum was Meeting of AFSCME Local 372 shop stewards. Union cu~rrently represents most of serve the lunches. more closely identified with the Lind- the 25,000 school aides in New York City. AFSCME appears to rely heavily Continued on page 22 Civil liberties banquet stresses Watergate threat NEW YORK;__ Fourteen hundred peo Boudin, stressed that since the Water end of February 1974. ple attended the Dec. 7 banquet of the gate revelations, supporters of civil Also speaking at the affair were National Emergency Civil Liberties liberties have been able to take the Washington Post reporters Bob Wood Committee (NECLC) to celebrate the offensive against the government. He ward and Carl Bernstein, who were 22nd anniversary of the founding of called for a campaign to win amnesty presented with the NECLC's Tom the NECLC and the 182nd anniver for all the victims of Nixon's Water Paine Award for their investigative sary of the adoption of the Bill of gate policies who are still exiled or in reporting on Watergate. Rights. This was the largest annual hiding-from Vietnam war resisters Another speaker was Frank Wills, banquet held by the NECLC since its to the Weatherpeople. the young Black night watchman who founding in 1951. caught Nixon's "plumbers" red-handed The overriding theme of the evening Boudin headed the defense of Daniel at their Watergate burglary operation. at the Americana Hotel was the threat Ellsberg in the Pentagon papers trial "I was just doing my job," he told the to civil liberties revealed by the Water and is now handling the suit by the banqueters, "and on June 17, 1972 gate exposures. The NECLC has been· Socialist Workers Party and Young [the night of the Watergate burglary], a longtime fighter against government Socialist Alliance challenging the I think I did about the best job I could frame-ups and antidemocratic legisla constitutionality of government spying have done." He explained how his tion of the Nixon administration. . and sabotage against the left His pre "eyes had really been opened" by The featured speaker of the evening, diction at the banquet was that Presi Watergate and that he felt this was true noted constitutional lawyer Leonard dent would be out of office by the BOUDIN: Rights supporters on offensive for most of the American people. 2,000 students protest school cutbacks in Pa By HARVEY McARTHUR education through college for all stu tion increase. He and other speakers Harrisburg. They asked that the leg~ HARRISBURG, Pa.-Two thousand dents. also opposed work-study programs islators investigate state college fi students and faculty from Pennsylvan The rally was sponsored by and called for fr~ tuition. nances but had no proposals for fur ia's 14 state colleges marched on the the Commonwealth Association of Stu Secretary of Education Pittenger was ther action by students and faculty. state capitol here Dec. 4 to protest depts, which includes the 70,000 stu greeted with boos as he tried to blame The Young Socialist Alliance helped cutbacks in education. dents in Pennsylvania state colleges, students for the financial problems of build this rally. A YSA leaflet was The cutbacks-called "retrenchment" and by the faculty association. Speak the colleges. He said they should lob distributed calling for free higher ed by the state government-would re ers included representatives of student by for a higher income tax instead of ucation, paid fot by taxing the profit sult in 15 percent of the faculty being governments and State Secretary of demonstrating. eering oil companies in Pennsylvania fired at most state colleges. Many spe Education John Pittenger. The crowd applauded when a stu and eliminating federal war spending. cial courses and programs would be John DiPippa, president of the West dent stood up next to Pittenger with The YSA urged more organizing and ended. chester State College student govern a sign that read, "Don't pass the buck, demonstrations by students across the Marchers chanted, "Save our schools ment, pointed out that the median in give it to us." state, pointing to the futility of relying -We need money" and "Down with come of their families was only $9,800 Organizers of the rally limited their on Democratic and Republican poll~ tuition." Many speakers called for free and that they could not afford a tui- aims to lobbying for more money in ticians. 16 ·Mideast 'peace !I conference: U.S., USSR attempt to thwart Arab liberation struggle By TONY THOMAS The New York Times and Wall Street part in the conference. He cautioned The U. S.-Soviet-sponsored "peace" Journal have openly toyed with the that progress toward a settlement conference is scheduled to convene in idea of imperialist intervention in the would be slow and that Egyptian mili Geneva Dec. 18. Arab ·East to stop the use of the "oil tary forces would remain on -wartime This conference is part of an attempt weapon." alert. to thwart the Arab peoples' struggle And Kissinger, in his Dec. 6 press It has also become clear that in for national and social liberation. It conference, warned the Arab states preparation for this conference the Is will seek to impose a settlement in the that their policies were "no longer ap raeli rulers are willing to make minor Arab East that guarantees the propriate." Before going to the Mid concessions to the Arab states in ex existence of Israel as a colonial settler east, Kissinger conferred in Europe change for a settlement. state, based on the expulsion and con with leaders of NATO. He no doubt In a television interview in this coun tinued oppression of the Palestinian discussed the need for the imperialist try Dec. 9, Moshe Dayan, Israel's de people. powers to coordinate their fight fense minister, rejected total Israeli In exchange for recognition of Israel against the oil boycott. withdrawal from occupied Arab lands. by the Arab capitalist rulers, under That the Geneva conference will con However, he did say that Israel would U. S.-backed "peace" proposals, the DAYAN & KISSINGER: Talk of 'compro vene at all is largely because of a "give up some of the territory in order Israelis would return some of the mise' veils military build-up. recent Egyptian diplomatic conces to reach an agreement." Dayan also lands they occupied in the 1967 war sion. said in another statement that Israel while keeping major portions under Egyptian and other Arab leaders is prepared to "bargain and give and the rubric of maintaining "secure wars against the Arab peoples. had previously stated they would re take" in the negotiations and would boundaries." In his TV appearance, Dayan said fuse to participate in the conference "make a compromise" with the Arab The U.S. imperialists, the Moscow Israel had in mind "territory" as one unless Israel withdrew its forces to states. bureaucrats, the Israeli colonialists, of the elements of a settlement. He the lines of the ephemeral Oct. 22 This approach is a shift from the and the Arab capitalist rulers will sit also demanded sufficient weapons cease-fire. Such a retreat would end more "hawkish" approach Dayan and down in Geneva to negotiate the fate from the U. S. for Israel to hold this the encirclement of Egypt's III Corps other Israeli spokespeople have taken, of the Palestinian people without any territory. Long-range missiles would and the city of Suez as well as such as Dayan's statement a few weeks regard to their interests, wishes, or not be enough, he indicated. "In order strengthen Syria's military position ago that Israel was only "at the start rights. to really conquer a country," he said, near the Golan Heights. of the war." This reflects pressure by Whether or not some Palestinian "you have to do that with land Egyptian President Anwar Sadat U.S. imperialism, which believes that representatives are eventually allowed forces-tanks and infantry." hoped a partial Israeli retreat would some Israeli concessions are needed to to participate in the conference, it has One of Dayan's chief aims in the deflect massive popular opposition to defuse the anti-Zionist, anti-imperialist no right to ratify this denial of the sentiment in the Arab states. U.S. has been to demand increased Palestinians' right to self-determina his policies of concessions to Israel military support to Israel. The Wash and the U.S., by showing that U.S. However, even these more "flexible" tion. Israeli statements have included only ington Post reported that Dayan To top this off, U.S. Secretary of backed negotiations would actually brought an Israeli military "shopping lead to an Israeli withdrawal. How the possible withdrawal of Israel from State Henry Kissinger announced part of Egypt's Sinai and some sec list" for arms that "Nixon administra earlier this month that Washington ever, the Israelis refused to budge and tion sources estimate would cost $3 have put off any further discussions tions of the West Bank of the Jordan would consider permanent stationing billion to $3. 5 billion." on the cease-fire lines until after the River. Israeli leaders still claim they of U.S. and Soviet troops on Israel's The Israelis demanded 1,000 new Geneva conference begins. "must" retain Sharm el Sheikh at the borders to enforce a settlement. tanks, roughly the equivalent of the Nevertheless, on Dec. 8 Egyptian bottom of the Sinai, Jerusalem, and Whether the Geneva negotiations can entire U.S. annual production, but Deputy Premier Mohammed Abdel the Syrian Golan· Heights. actually produce such an· agreement they were reportedly turned down. Kader Hatem announced to Egypt's is another question. Only in the past This "flexible" approach retains as Dayan also requested U.S. missiles few weeks have Israeli and Arab lead parliament that Egypt would take fundamental Israel's capacity to wage capable of delivering nuclear war ers become amenable to participating heads, adding to widespread specula in the conference in the first place. tion that Israel has atomic weapons. The substantive negotiations will not The New York Times reported that even begin until January, after the Dayan's requests went "beyond the Dec. 31 elections in Israel. The pro $2.2-billion that the Nixon Adminis found social and national an tration has already requested of Con tagonisms in the Mideast could blow gress." One report said top U.S. of the conference apart at any time. ficials "estimate that Israel- already One of the sharpest of these antag heavily in debt to the United States onisms is between the Arab peoples and with its own economy stalled - and the imperialist owners of the Mid will be unable to pay for virtually any east's enormous oil reserves. The cur of the new arms it needs." rent Arab oil cutbacks and boycott Behind Washington and Israel's have posed the question of the Arab claims to be making concessions to the peoples' use of the oil resources in the Arabs, their basic aim continues to be struggle against imperialism and maintenance of Israel as a heavily colonialism. armed base against the Arab national With the oil boycott placing mount liberation struggle. This aim, includ ing pressure on U.S. imperialism and ing Israel's enormous military ma seriously affecting the European and chine, is to be subsidized by the work Japanese economies, one of Washing ing people of this country, already ton's prime aims is to pressure the NATO meeting in Brussels. Kissinger is trying to coordinate fight against Arab oil gouged by war-bred taxes and infla Arab states to stop the oil cutbacks. cutbacks. tion. SWP leader explains lessons of Mideast war NEW YORK -An overflow crowd of East? solutions." Israel, as the Israeli workers are called 225 people packed into a New York "I don't think so," Horowitz said. Horowitz continued, "The realists are upon to make greater and greater sac University lecture hall Dec. 7 to hear "The key point in all the proposals not those like Kissinger and Kosygin rifices for the Zionist cause. Gus Horowitz, a member of the politi is nof the final border lines that will who think now is the time for a 'practi "The need by the working class in cal committee of the Socialist Workers be drawn. The key point is the recog cal' solution. Israel to defend its class interests will Party, speak on "War and Revolution nition of the Israeli state, a settler-co "The realists are those -lik.e the So force it into opposition .to the needs in the Arab East." lonial state and an imperialist beach- cialist Workers Party and the Young of the settler state. The workers will In addition to drawing the lessons head in the Arab East. · Socialist Alliance-who put forward raise, implicitly at first, and explicitly of the latest Israeli-Arab war, Horowitz "It means recognition of a state based the perspective of socialist revolution later on, a challenge to Zionism itself." presented the revolutionary socialist upon the dispossession of the Palestin in the Arab East, the expulsion of im Horowitz warned of the continual attitude toward the U. S.-Soviet-spon ian people and the Arab people as a perialist influence from the area, the threat of U. S. military intervention in sored "peace" conference slated to be whole. And this means one thing: ac replacement of the Israeli state with a the Arab East, which holds the danger gin this month. ceptance of continued imperialist dom unitary Palestine, and the socialist uni of nuclear war. This highlights the im "The main question," he said, "is not ination over th.e Arab masses for the fication of the Arab East." portance of anti-Zionist educational whether agreement can be reached on indefinite future. Although one result of the war was activities to rally public opposition in the diplomatic level based upon some "Can any such solution work? No to strengthen the Arab capitalist re the U.S. to any such move. Horowitz variant of UN Resolution 242 [which way," he said. gimes, the more important effect was pointed out the exemplary role of the provides for Arab recognition of the "One of the key lessons that should to inspire the Arab masses with re Young Socialist Alliance and the So Israeli state and Israeli withdrawal be drawn from the latest war is that newed confidence and militancy. This cialist Workers Party in carrying out from some of the territories occupied the detente between Washington and in turn, Horowitz said, will provide such a campaign, especially during in 1967]. Moscow cannot contain the class strug "greater openings for the development the recent war. "The real question is whe~her any gle, and cannot bring peace and sta of an alternative revolutionary Marx Horowitz's talk was sponsored by such agreement can solve anything at bility anywhere in the world. The class ist leadership." the New York Young Socialist Alliance all. Is Kissinger right in saying that struggle will burst through any of the He also pointed to the likelihood of as part of a New York-New Jersey peace is nearly at hand in the Middle diplomatic agreements and ostensible growing social contradictions inside Connecticut socialist conference. THE MILITANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 17 A.spedat holiday subscription offer The Militant is offering a special bargain 8. PAMPHLETS ON CHICANO LIBERATION: Viva for the holiday period. With each new $5 La Huelgal The Struggle of the Farm Workers by one-year subscription or one-year renewal, Jose G. Perez. 25c. Bert Corona Speaks on La Raza you get free one of the selections of Path Unida Party and the 'Illegal Alien' Scare. 35c. Chi canas Speak Out by Mirto Vidal. 35c. The Struggle finder Press boolcs and pamphlets listed for Chicano Liberation, Socialist Workers Party. 60c. here. Here's a chance for you to subscribe, 9. WATERGATE& THE SOCIALIST ALTERNATIVE:W~ or give a gift subscription, to the U.S. so tergate: The View from the Left, anthology. $1.25. cialist newsweekly, and get yourself lor What. Socialists Stand For by Stephanie Coontz. 50c. a friend) some of the most important Marx How to Make a Revolution in the U.S. by Peter Camejo. 35c. ist books and pamphlets available. And this is also a unique opportunity 10. WRITINGS BY HUGO BLANCO: Land or Death: to help The Militant expand its subscription The Peasant Struggle in Peru. $2.45. The Coup in base. Chile: Firsthand Reports and Assessment. 25c. Just fill in the coupon on this page and 11. FUNDAMENTALS OF MARXIST THEORY: An In send it in before Dec. 31. We'll enter the troduction to the Logic of Marxism by George No subscription and send the book or books vack. $1.50. An Introduction to Marxist Economic by return rnail. Be sure to indicate the Theory by Ernest Mandel. $1.25. selection number you want, and tell us where to send the subscription, and where 12. STRATEGY FOR SOCIALIST REVOLUTION: To fo send the book. wards an American Socialist Revolution by Jack Barnes et al. $1.95. The Transitional Program for Socialist Revolution by leon Trotsky. $2.45. 1. The Spanish Revolution {1931-39) by Leon Trotsky. The failure of the 'popular front' strategy. $3.95. Clip------and send before Dec. 31 to The Militant, 14 2. Teamster Power by FarreU Dobbs. How the Team Charles Lane, N.Y., N.Y. 10014. sters union was built in the 1930s. $2.95. Enclosed Is $5. Please send one year of The Mili tant to: 3. History of American Trotskyism by James P. Can 6. ISSUES IN THE BLACK STRUGGLE: Blacks in Amer Name------non. $2.95. ica's Wars by Dr. R. W. Mullen $1.45. A Transition al Program for Black Liberation, Socialist Workers Address------ 4. Speeches to the Party: The Revolutionary Per Party. 35c. The U.S. Role in Southern Africaby Malik City---- State ---Zip---- spective and the Revolutionary Party by James P. Miah. 35c. { ) new ) renewal Cannon. $3.95. 7. THE MIDEAST CONFLICT: Israel: A Colonial-Set PleaseName ______send book selection * to: _ 5. WOMEN'S LIBERATION: Feminism and Socialism tler State? by Maxime Rodinson. $1.75. War in the Address ______edited by Linda Jenness. $1.95. Problems of w~ Middle East: The Socialist View by Dave Frankel en's Liberation by Evelyn Reed. $1.45 . et al. 60c. City State ____ Zip--- case has been pursued with a vindic ... suit tiveness that makes clear the political Continued from page 7 nature of the decision to prosecute Workers fight for union two presidential advisers and the New Kolis. York crimes against members of the The media have highlighted the fact SWP and Y SA cited in the suit. that 22 Democratic and Republican at Wash., DC, hospital candidates in the recent election The SWP and YSA suit continues to By SARAH SMITH hospital to induce Novak to appear. gain broad support through the ef violated San Diego's new election WASHINGTON, D. C. - George Novak chose to call police instead, financing law while not one of them forts of the Political Rights Defense Washington University is the largest and 55 workers were arrested. Since Fund. On Dec. 6 the Kings County has been indicted. The D. A. claims private employer in this city, and the then 24 workers have been fired and Democratic Coalition, which includes these violations were minor and G. W. university hospital is one of the 45 others were put on five-day sus 17 Democratic Reform Clubs in "technical." school's largest areas of employment. pensions without pay. This includes Brooklyn and is affiliated with the It- is clear the D. A. wants to ram Washington is an unorganized city, most of the members of the union or New Democratic Coalition, unani the case through quickly before public especially in regard to hospital work ganizing committee inside the hospital. mously endorsed the suit. support and pressure can be mo ers; thus the struggle of the National A Dec. 6 rally in solidarity with the Other recent endorsers include James bilized. The exposure of the FBI in Union of Hospital and Health Care struggle of the hospital workers was Bond, Atlanta city councilman; Ruth former, which brought the case into Employees to become the bargaining attended by 150 people. Although 40- Ellinger, Texas AFL-CIO education the category of major news here, agent for the 900 workers there is an degree weather prevailed, the spirited and research director; Bill Haltom clearly upset his plan. The Committee important one. crowd heard representatives of more Jr., president of the University of Ten to Defend Salm Kolis is vigorously The struggle occupies the attention than a dozen organizations. nessee stud~nt body; Ed Davis, presi bringing the political and civil of hospital workers around the city, Greg Palmer of the GW U Black dent of the Akron, Ohio, city council liberties issues in this case into public as well as that of students, the com People's Union (BPU) said, "We are and member of the national board of view, soliciting endorsements and munity, and of course the various dealing with the bread and butter Americans for Democratic Action; ac raising funds to cover the court ex hospital administrations. issues of eating and survival. ... We tor Ossie Davis; Marcus Raskin, co penses. If the jury returns a verdict The hospital workers, many of are determined to see this struggle director, Institute for Policy Studies, of guilty, the case will immediately be whom are Black, are fighting for through by any means necessary." Washington, D. C.; former senator appealed. higher pay (wages now start at $2.68 Reverend Douglas Moore of the Ernest Gruening; novelists John Her For further information on the case an hour), better working conditions, Black United Front informed the sey and Fletcher Knebel; Alexander contact CDSK, P. 0. Box 5313, San and greater job security. crowd that although the GW U medi Calder, artist; and Louisa Calder. Diego, Calif. 92105. If G. W. Hospital were considered a cal school gets $6-million in public profit-making institution, it would be funding, it has graduated only two required to grant a union election after Black doctors in its entire existence. the union had signed up 30 percent This is paralleled by the predominant of the eligible workers. G. W. Hospital ly white composition of the Howard ... Kolis ... Hampton is considered a "nonprofit" institution, University medical school, despite Continued from page 9 Continued from page 9 however, and has refused to grant Howard's overwhelmingly Black stu free speech, a violation of the rights search warrant for illegal weapons, an election, even though more than dent body. of the news media to cover this tri.al, but rather a search-and-destroy mis 50 percent of the eligible workers have Speakers at the rally also included and a violation of the rights of every sion. signed up with the union. William Simons, president of the one in the city of San Diego to be O'Neal has been ordered to testify Washington Teachers Union; Charles informed about what is happening in in a civil suit ffied by Iberia Hampton. The 19-month process of signing up Cassell of the D. C. Statehood Party; this case. She is seeking $3.8-million in dam a majority of the hospital workers and representatives of the United "I can speak for Salm Kolis even ages for the death of her son. Hanra has been augmented by large dele Farm Workers Union, the NAACP, though for the moment she cannot han and 12 of the 14 police raiders gations going to the chief administra Local 41 at the Department of Health, speak to you herself. She will not be are named as defendants. tor of the hospital, Donald Novak, Education, and Welfare of the Ameri silenced either through the threat of U.S. Attorney James Thompson has to demand the right to an election. can Federation of Government Em a jail sentence or through this un stated that he knows of no new Novak was always "out." On Friday, ployees; the Amalgamated Clothing constitutional gag rule." evidence that would warrant a new in-. Nov. 30, more than 100 hospital Workers; and the Young Socialist Al The rulers of this city are clearly vestigation. State's Attorney Bernard workers sat in at the lobby of the liance. trying to use this case to intimidate Carey said he will look into the 'new socialists and other politically active material presented but is not promis people. From the very beginning this ing a new grand jury probe. 18 The Militant sales drive: one Step. clOSer toward goal of a .mass-circulation weekly By LARRY SEIGLE Militant's audience. and sub drives that have been carried· Our circulation drive this fall brought e As the anti-Nixon "firestorm" out The Militant another step closer to swept the country and meetings and In his book Letters from Prison, our goal of being the mass circula proimpeachment rallies were held, The written in 1944 while he was serving tion socialist weekly in the United Militant, which has given extensive time under the Smith Act, James P. States. coverage to the Watergate scandals Cannon, one of the central leaders of Our paid circulation has shot up and their significance, was well the SWP, summed up the value of this by 310 percent since 1969, and our received on the campuses, on street kind of effort: plans are to keep on growing. corners, and in working-Class areas. "Our distributors and sub canvass This expansion itself is a reflection With the SWP and YSA responding ers should swarm like bees at every of the continued deepening interest in to these developments by stepping up labor and radical gathering.... We radical alternatives to the problems socialist education about Watergate, should now reappear at the colleges confronting the American people. Al posing a class alternative to the Nixon also. Our aim should be to swamp though still small relative to the whole gang, and· explaining the need to de all relatively progressive articulate cir population, the number of people in fend democratic rights through sup cles with the volume of our propa tersted in socialist ideas is a growing port to the socialist suit against Nix ganda; to psychologize them with the minority. on, The Militant became the best week impression of our energy and aggres The average weekly street sales re ly weapon for this campaign. siveness. This is a weapon." ported in The Militant scoreboard in e When the October war erupted in The continuing efforts to expand creased from an average of 6,500 the Middle East, and the bourgeois The Militant's circulation go hand in during a similar campaign last press began its barrage of anti-Arab hand with our objective of increasing spring to 8,500 this fall. We also sold propaganda, the sales drive became the size of the paper itself. Since 1968, a total of 16,800 introductory sub tied into work building and participat we have grown from only eight pages scriptions, topping our goal of ing in Mideast rallies, debates, and to our current 28, and occasional32, 15,000. teach-ins. The drive got a big boost pages. And we're not going to stop According to reports from some of from the friendly reception to the pa with 32. the .volunteers on the full-time teams per in Arab communities. As our readership becomes bigger who traveled across the country for were generally somewhat lower, al e Supporters of SWP candidates in it includes a higher percentage of peo 11 weeks selling subscriptions to The lowing the local units of the Socialist the Nov. 6 elections took advantage ple new to socialist ideas. Many of Militant, a number of people they Workers Party and the Young Social of the sales campaign to combine talked with on campuses already knew ist Alliance, who sell the bulk of the street sales with the distribution of so about The Militant. Some had sub subscriptions, to put more emphasis cialist campaign literature. In several scribed before, during earlier introduc cities, street corner tables were set up Where we sold on the single-copy sales drive and to During the sales drive this fall, a tory subscription campaigns, and give them greater flexibility in selling that combined campaigning, sales, grand total of 115,380 single copies were glad to get another sub. Others the subs in areas that will be political and subscription work all into one. of The Militant were sold-an aver had seen the paper occasionally, but ly most valuable. e National efforts such as the cam age of 10,489 weekly. This figure under the impact of Watergate or oth The higher quotas could almost al paign around support to the United er events, decided now was the time Farm Workers Union, exposing the includes sales by units of the So ways be fulfilled, but it sometimes cialist Workers Party and Young to subscribe and see what the social meant traveling hundreds of miles "energy crisis" ripoff, and many local Socialist Alliance, individuals with ists have to say. from major cities to big campuses issues, also became part of the sales drive. bundles, and the traveling sales Value of subscription drive with lots of dormitories. Under the teams. pressure to meet the big quotas, cam In every case, the drive was success Based on reports sent in by So During the past few years, The Mil puses in the metropolitan area with ful to the degree that it helped revolu itant has conducted major subscrip tionists carry out educational and cialist Workers Party branches, the few or no dorms, but where impor breakdown of their sales was as tion drives to introduce new readers tant political activity is carried out, other activity around the burning is to the paper. These drives have been sues of politics in this country and follows: were often passed up simply because e 35 percent of the sales were on an essential part of the overall ex it took longer to get subscriptions the world. campuses. In addition, the big ma pansion of the paper. there. An introductory subscription is su~ Impact of Militant sales jority of introductory subscriptions In addition to expanding our sub were sold on campuses. perior. to a single copy sale, since it scription base in cities where the SWP The sales of each week's Militant • 10 percent of the sales were at means readers can see a number of and YSA are active, the lower quotas are themselves a political action. Tak political meetings, rallies, or issues of the paper instead of just allowed us to concentrate more on get en on a national scale, they are an demonstrations, such as those one. This allows people to follow our ting subscriptions from people in activity of considerable scope and im around Chile, the Mideast, and coverage of unfolding events, and to volved in day-to-day activity with us. pact. A good illustration of this was see how socialists react to a wide va- the recent report issued by the Anti Watergate. • 55 percent of the single-copy Enthusiastic sales drive Defamation League (ADL) of B'nai B'rith, a Zionist outfit, denouncing sales were in working-class neigh Last spring The Militant experiment the "far left" for its activity during borhoods, including shopping ed with a campaign to boost circula the recent war. The ADL singled out centers, bus stations, and similar tion through an intensive effort to ex the SWP and the YSA as the most sig places, or at workplaces and union pand weekly street-corner and campus nificant of these groups. What was it meetings. Many of these are pre sales of The Militant. This was so suc that they found most disturbing? That dominantly Black, Puerto Rican, or cessful that it was repeated again this we had "churned out" so much "anti Chicano areas. fall. The result has been to raise sig Israel, pro-Arab propaganda!" nificantly the number of papers sold The magnitude and the breadth of each week. Although the total S'ales these readers are attracted to The Mil this socialist propaganda is also an have dipped since the drive ended, they itant on the basis of our coverage important factor in the struggle to remain higher than before the drive, of just one issue that they are especial establish the hegemony of authentic indicating we have made lasting gains ly interested in. It is only gradually Marxism in competition with the Stal in this area. and over time that they are drawn inists-of both the pro-Moscow and The bulk of these papers were sold into other sections of the paper. pro-Peking varieties-and others who by units of the SWP and the YSA, but For example, many Arab-Ameri falSely claim to represent revolution the campaign spirit encouraged doz cans and foreign students have recent- ' ary socialism. No other tendency on ens of individual readers to order ly subscribed because of our cover the left is capable of conducting any bundles and sell each week. age and stand on the Mideast. Other thing like the sustained Militant sales The big advantage of the single new readers are primarily interested copy sales campaign as a method of in the farm workers, or Watergate, increasing circulation is that it aids in and read the paper primarily for our the process of integrating Militant material on these subjects. sales with other activities. As major To give us adequate space to pro riety of events and issues. events broke in which the SWP and vide the variety of coverage that will . Subscription campaigns are also YSA participated actively, sales of appeal to this broad readership, we essential in expanding the geographi each week's Militant became a central will need to continue to expand. cal spread of the paper, helping make part of this activity. Our goal is to build The Militant our distribution truly national. As a There were many examples of this into a big socialist weekly with a large result of subs sold by traveling teams, during the fall: nationwide circulation. This kind of The Militant is mailed to hundreds • When meetings and demonstra paper will include a range of articles, of places where there are no bundles tions were held to defend the victims features, columns, and news stories sold. of the junta in Chile, sales of The Mili that will be of interest to activists in a Also, the campaign spirit of a sub tant were an invaluable tool in break variety of struggles. scription drive increases the number ing through the silence of most papers We need a paper that can talk to of subs sold to new readers in the in this country about the plight of the people just beginning to think about course of day-to-day political activity. revolutionary forces, and in drawing socialism, as well as to more experi Based on the experience of the big the lessons from the defeat. enced readers. sub drives of the last few years, we Those who were following the events In Letters from Prison, Cannon dis have made some adjustments in the in Chile, and whose interest in world cussed a number of questions way these drives are carried out events was heightened as a result of confronting the revolutionary party in For one thing, the quotas this fall the Chile coup, became part of The Continued on page 22 THE MILITANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 19 Review Imperialism and Revolution in South Asia lmperialis!Tl and Revolution in nomic planning completely dominated port to the butcher Yahya Khan. South Asia. Edited by Kathleen by foreigners- particularly a large This adaptation to Mao's theory by large sections of the revolutionary left Gough and Hari P. Sharma. Month contingent of Americans from Har vard University." throughout the subcon,tlnent primari ly Review Press. New York, 1973. Thus, "Pakistan's heavy dependence ly flows from their support to Mao's 470 pp. $15. on aid now makes it possible for the analysis of the role of the peasantry leading countries to regulate its basic. in overthrowing foreign and native capitalism. Most of the left in India, "When India, Pakistan, and Ceylon policies governhig taxation, prices, Pakistan, and Bangladesh view the gained home rule more than two de distribution of income, and national poor peasantry as the main revolu cades ago, their leaders set forth cer and international political commit-· tionary force for destroying capitalism tain goals for their futures. These in ments." in the underdeveloped countries. cluded control of their own political Gardezi also notes: "Almost 95 per The Marxist position clearly states and economic destinies, increased pro cent of the amount [of aid loans] spent and history has proven- that the cen ductivity and improvements in live to buy machinery and other capital tral revolutionary force capable of lihood, education, and health, mixed goods must be spent in the donor overthrowing capitalism is the urban private and state-planned economies, country, which is usually the United States. This condition forecloses those working class, supported in the main some cooperative institutions of pro sources of supply where the same by the peasantry and by sections of duction and distribution, and move goods could be bought and trans ment toward socioeconomic equality. the urban petty bourgeoisie. This al ported at much smaller cost. Having Land reform and industrial develop Bombay. Economic dependence of South so holds true in countries that are ment were central to these goals. All Asia on_imperialism has increased during installed expensive American machine predominantly peasant in compo past 25 years. ry, Pakistan becomes forever depen sition, such as India, Pakistan, an-d thr~e nations were to be Western-style party democracies with progressively dent on that country for the supply of Bangladesh. spare parts." Despite its weak points, Imperialism broadening franchise in elections at The greatest strength of the book national, provincial, and local levels. Both Bangladesh and Sri Lanka and Revolution in South Asia is an is the analysis of the economies of are also dependent on foreign capi "Isy the late 1960s itwas clear that important sc;»urce for anyone seriously the Indian subcontinent. In particular, tal for their survival. The Sri Lanka these programs had failed or were studying revolutionary politics in the there is ample documentation to prove regime is heavily in debt to the World failing. The three South Asian nations Indian subcontinent. that the economic dependence of these Bank, for example. And the main con had more, not less, foreign investment -MALIKMIAH countries on imperialism has not de tributor to the Bangladesh regime is creased over the last twenty-five years, the U.S. government. but instead has increased. Gough's article "Imperialism and Thus the struggle for the end of Books Revolutionary Potential in South national oppression in India and the Asia," Amiya Kumar Bagchi's "For other countries of the subcontinent is and foreign control of their economies eign Capital and Economic Develop far from over. This can only be than in the 1940s. All were heavily ment in India: A Schematic View," brought about through the overthrow indebted to the United States, the So Hari P. Sharma's "The Green Revolu of capitalism and imperialism as part viet Union, and various Eastern and tion in India: Prelude to a Red One?" of the same revolutionary process. Western European powers." and Paresh Chattopadhyay's "Some Prescriptions put forth for leading This is the political and economic Trends in India's Economic Develop the masses of workers and peasants reality for the South Asian people af ment" all confirm that since India, Pak to their national and social liberation ter twenty-five years of capitalist un istan, and Ceylon gained formal po are the greatest weakness of the book. derdevelopment. And the situation is litical independence from British im Most of the writers who attempt an not getting any better. perialism in the late 1940s, the grip analysis of the strategy needed for The above quote was taken from an of foreign investment-especially that the South Asian revolution support article written by Kathleen Gough, a of the United States-has tightened. the basic theories developed by Mao British anthropologist who did re Chattopadhyay points out that the Tsetung and the Chinese Communist search in I~dia for several years, that share of "foreign assistance [to India] party leadership. opens the recent Monthly Review Press in total public sector outlays has Though the supporters of Mao's the publication Imperialism and Revolu grown from 9.6 percent in 1951-56 ories have disagreements on how they tion in South Asia. (First Plan Period) to 44.99 percent should be applied to India, Pakistan, The book consists of a wide range of in 1967-68." or Bangladesh, they all agree with well"researched articles on the econo In Pakistan the same has been true, Mao's analysis of the role of the peas mies of India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. and this trend has increased since the antry in the Indian revolution and (formerly Ceylon}, and Bangladesh. 1971 war for Bangladesh indepen the need to construct a "people's army" The "green revolution" in agriculture, dence. Hassan N. Gardezi explains in the countryside. These supporters the peasant structures of India and that "after 1958, and with the advent include many revolutionary militants Pakistan, and the divergent ideas on of Ayub Khan's regime, dependence in Bangladesh, despite the fact what course should be followed by on foreign aid increased to enormous that during the 1971 war of indepen revolutionists are discussed. proportions, with the process of eco- dence Peking gave unconditional sup- This collection, which runs from Draft card burners! Ghetto riots! a racial "spasm of anarchy and de 1965 to 1970, gives a taste-bitter Communist aggression! struction" that can "arise from mis Jerry of what we can expect from the man "Today, draft card burners and taken feelings of injustice." who has just become vice-president those who blockade shipments of mili "We do not choose to be in Viet and may very well be president be tary supplies cry for peace-at-any Nam," he said in 1965. "We would fore 1976. price-while the seeds of Communist not be in VietNam if the Communists Ford on Ford was once dubbed the "Con atrocity take root. And yet the ap would only leave their neighbors gressman's Congrel!lsman." But he is peasers speak of morality,~ he told alone." ~riots' and better the reaction~ry's reactionary. a Texas law school gathering in 1965. Of peace he said, "We will win our Posturing like Edmund Burke, Ford The "riots," according to Ford, were peace by resistance to evil. We will not along with John Tower, Barry Gold buy it by compromise with evil. That water, and a few others-is a legisla will remain our purpose in Viet N am ~anarchy' tive darling of the conservatives and and throughout the world-wherever Gerald R. Ford, Selected Speeches. brave men resist tyranny and long for freedom." Edited by Michael Doyle. R. W. But speechmaking aside, Ford can Beatty, Ltd. Arlington, Va., 1973. Books display tact. He is a crafty party or 246 pp. ganizer, a zipper on the pants of the racists. GOP seeking to close its open rifts. "The publisher of this volume was During LBJ's reign, Ford was a A down-the-line Nixon man, Ford motivated by a feeling for history in rowdy protester of "federal power boasted "prophetically" in · 1970, "I setting down some of my speeches," abuse." As a states' rights proponent, think President Nixon has managP,d Jerry Ford writes modestly in the pre he opposed the "shrinking potency of to bring order to this country. HF aas face to this book. He writes that the the states" und~r Johnson's Great So managed to do so becaust> he has book should be "felt to be a source ciety programs. And, he claimed, brought order to the Presid.mcy. We of enlightenment or instruction," but Johnson and "permissive" Democrats now find that the days of government also admits, "I do not expect everyone were wholly responsible for the social by crisis have given way to crisis to love my speeches." protest movements of the day. prevention." -BAXTER SMITH 20 Texas activist Mario Cantu: 'Chicanos and the people of Mexico are exploited by the same system· By HARRY RING As the restaurant first expanded, the attack on the U.S. Congress. their immigration status. SAN ANTONIO - Appearances, we pressures increased correspondingly. Among the inmates, they were wide "But," Mario emphasized, "we are know, are often deceiving. Mario Expansion involved heavy financial ly respected for the depth of their rev not a service or charity organization. . Cantu, operator of Mario's Restau obligations and painful disagreements olutionary commitment. Mario was We help individuals, but more than rant, is a good example of this. with his father on how to operate the one of many they helped to start think that, we try to deal with the problem His restaurant is well known in the business. ing politically. as a whole, to deal with it politically." Chicano community here. It's an at At 25, after having always been But Mario's real political develop tractive, popular place. Seeing him totally law-abiding, the pressure ment occurred after his release. In Capitalism at the restaurant conveys the impres- pushed Mario into gambling and prison, he said, he became sympa That means, he explained, educat thetic to radical ideas but didn't really ing people to understand the root understand them. source of their problems, to under Shortly after his release came the stand tha·t it is the capitalist system assassination of Martin Luther King that is responsible, and to develop and the TV spectacle of the Chicago the means to effectively fight back. police clubbing the Democratic con TU-CASA, he said, is now planning vention demonstrators. Both events a series of classes. These will include had a deep impact on his conscious English and the politics and economics ness. of Chicano oppression. Mario feels it is essential that La Raza Unida Chicanos relate to the struggles of His release coincided with the rise La Raza throughout the Americas, of Chicano activism, and he came but most particularly in Mexico. into contact with Jose Angel Gutierrez, He believes this is necessary not Mario Compean, and others who ini simply because of the obvious ties tiated La Raza Unida Party. between the people of Aztlan and Mario's first major activity was the Mexico, but because he sees a deepen organization four years ago of La ing social crisis in Mexico that could Semana de la Raza, a week of cul bring intervention by U.S. imperial tural activity held twice yearly to com ism. memorate El Cinco de Mayo and El It is necessary, he contends, for the 16 de Setiembre, the Mexican and Chicano movement to develop close Chicano holidays. collaboration with the movement in There had been festivals before, or Mexico. One activity to which he gives ganized largely by Mexican-American a high priority is support for political businessmen. They focused exclusively prisoners in Mexico. on the past and were devoid of polit Discussing the political needs of the ical content. Originally held in the movement, Mario says, "What binds barrio parks, they were gradually us together, more than culture, lan shifted to downtown auditoriums and guage, and tradition, are the social Militant/Miguel Pendas banquet halls. Antideportation demonstration organized by CASA-Hermandad in los Angeles June The idea of La Semana de la Raza, 16, 1973. TU-CASA aims to build the fight against deportations in Texas. Mario said, was first proposed· by Gutierrez and Compean as a means to raise funds for La Raza Unida sian of a busy, successful Chicano handling stolen goods. This went on Party and to politicize people. businessman. for six months until he was entrapped At first, Mexican~American politi Cantu is successful. He's also a com by a federal agent into delivering some cians cooperated and park permits mitted, radical-minded movement ac drugs from Mexico. were issued. Mario brought theater tivist. Running the restaurant is An Anglo lawyer advised him to and dance troupes from Mexico, and squeezed into a full schedule of po plead guilty with the assurance he'd the festivals drew as many as 10,000 litical activity. draw probation or a suspended sen people. In an interview with The Militant, tence. "But that was when La Raza Unida he discussed his activity, his political The judge gave him 15 years. was mainly in Crystal City," Mario thinking, and the things in his life The lawyer, Mario said, had ap said. "When it began organizing in parently forgotten that probation or San Antonio, the politicians began to a suspended sentence is precluded in feel different." narcotics offenses. The politicians didn't like some of In coming Issues ... the things that were included in the The Militant will report on eHorts festival. "One thing they didn't like," to build independent Chicano po Prison Mario recalled, "was that we had a litical parties-La Raza Unida par In prison, Mario became a jailhouse booth for the Angela Davis defense ties-in Texas and Colorado. Harry lawyer. He won a retrial and a ruling committee." A rival, conservative group was Ring of our Southwest Bureau will -now a precedent- that the judge vi Militant/Nelson Blackstock formed and given the park permits. olated his rights by not informing MARIO CANTU: 'We must unite with our discuss the issues now being de La Raza Unida Party withdrew from him before he pleaded guilty that he brothers and sisters in latin America.' bated within this important move the project. For the past two years, could not expect probation or a sus ment. Mario has organized La Semana de pended sentence. la Raza on his own. It's not as big Mario was convicted again in the conditions under which we live as a as the "official" ones in the city park, that shaped him into a movement ac retrial, but sentence was reduced to minority in this country and as work he said, but it says a lot more politi tivist. 10 years. After six, he won conditional ing people. And we have to under Mario is an ex-convict. He served release. cally. stand that both we and the people During this period, Mario also or six years in the federal penitentiary Like so many others, Mario learned of Mexico are exploited by the same ganized the Centro Cultural Ruben and two years ago completed another a great deal in prison. He recalls system. Salazar, a community center used by four years of conditional release. that he entered prison with a sense "More and more," he continued, Mario's restaurant is in the barrio, of relief at being free of the pressures various groups that sponsors film fes "Chicanos are realizing we must unite tivals and other activities. where he was born and raised. Orig that had had such a devastating effect with our brothers and sisters in Chile, inally it was a small mom 'n' pop on him. He saw he was not alone in Cuba, in Mexico, in all the countries grocery from which his family eked in this, that many of the prisoners Deportation activity of Latin America where they are fight out a meager existence. Sixteen years were there to run away from prob· The center is ·now also the head ing for their national independence." ago, when he was 21, Mario persuaded lems. Some were afraid to leave pris quarters for TU-CASA, a recently or The evolution of Mario Cantu's his father to let him open a little cafe on. The question was pretty clearly ganized counterpart of the Los Angeles thinking has special significance be at one end of the grocery. posed: What kind of a society is it CASA-Hermandad, the antideporta cause it is reflective of a process tak The idea worked. The grocery is that can make people prefer prison? tion organization led by Bert Corona. ing place within the movement. A long gone and the restaurant now And in prison, he had his first con TU-CASA (the "TU" is for Trabaja growing number of activists are com employs 40 people. It supports tact with radical ideas. Part of his dores Unidos- United Workers) helps ing to recognize that Chicano libera Mario's family and those of four rela sentence was served at Leavenworth. people facing deportation or hit with tion requires struggle against the cap tives who help him operate it. But the There he met some of the Puerto Rican such problems as being cheated out of italist system, which is responsible for success took its toll. nationalists imprisoned since the 1954 industrial compensation because of the oppression of the Chicano people. THE MILITANT/DECEMBER 21, 1973 21 would consume so much of the ener chine. gies of our limited forces as to sacri There is little chance that labor lead r '"" fice volume of circulation for frequen ers who have their eyes fixed on such Calendar cy of issue.... goals will be of much help to the low Roots of the "But what we have to do next is to BROOKLYN paid school aides who hope to keep reach more and more new people, CRISIS IN GREECE. Speaker: Theodore Stathis, United their present jobs and get a little more Mideast war Hellenic Front. Fri., Dec ..21, 8 p.m. ·136 lawrence catch their attention at the moment money for their work in order to meet St. (near A&S). Donation: Si. Ausp: Militant Forum. when they are just awakening from rising prices. The International Socialist Review has For more information call (212) 596-2849. political indifference, and try to reach recently published a special anthology DENVER them with our message regularly. A taken from past issues of the ISR. Peter MILITANT FORUM PRESENTS A CABARET: REVOUJ big national weekly is ideally suited Such, Gus Horowitz, Nabil Sha'ath, and TIONARY POETRY AND SONGS. Fri., Dec. 21, 8 p.m. to this task. And this is a project with others discuss: 1203 California. Donation: S1. For more information in our means and potential resources, • The Mideast War and the Future of call (303) 623-2825. financial and physical. The whole sit Zionism ... Ford e Israel and the Arab Revolution LOS ANGELES uation cries out for concentration on Continued from page J3 • The Palestine of Tomorrow THE ENERGY CRISIS: FACT OR HOAX? Speakers: Rich the task of developing The Militant violence to the voters' overwhelming ard Spohn, director, California Action Group affiliated • Who Has the Right to Self-Determin~ into an eight-page national paper, mandate of 1972." with Ralph Nader's Task Force; Dave Brown, Socialist published at the cheapest price possi tion in Palestine? Workers Party. Fri., Dec. 21, 8 p.m. 1107 1/2 N. The most devastating exposure of • The Myth of "left" Zionism Western Ave. Donation: S1. Ausp: Militant Forum. ble so as to facilitate not merely the the "mandate of '72" myth is the over For more information call (212) 463-1966. expansion but the multiplication of its This new pamphlet is available for whelming popular rejection of Nixon 75c from the ISR. Orders of five or present circulation; a weekly which is and his policies during the past year. NEW YORK: LOWER MANHATTAN not just another radical paper but more cost 37.5c each. It will be sent 'ARSENAL.' Film classic on Bolshevik Revolution in the The truth is that his election land the national paper, dominating the FREE to new subscribers! Uftraine by Alexander Dovzhenko. Fri., Dec. 21, 8 slide was based first and foremost radical labor field. n p.m. 706 Broadway {near Fourth St.), Eighth Floor. on his ability to withdraw U.S. troops Donation: S1. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more informa After a prolonged historical detour ( ) Enclosed Is $1 for 3 months of the from Vietnam. tion call (212) 982-6051. along roads less favorable to the de ISR. Would the masses of working people ( ) Enclosed is $5 for one year of the velopment of the revolutionary move or Blacks find Ford any improvement ment, the perspectives Cannon out ISR. ove:r Nixon? Hardly. Ford would sim ( ) Please send me FREE with my sub lined in 1944 are once again imme ply mean a continuation of inflation, diately applicable to The Militant. scription a copy of Roots of the Mideast wage controls, energy crisis, racial The fall circ\llation campaign was War. .. .sales oppression,. and government through a step toward building this big social ( ) New ( ) Renewal Continued from p(Jge J 9 secrecy, bribery, fraud, and corrup Name ______ist weekly. We can look forward to re a period of growth and preparation tion. Address ______peating this success, with minor modi for further expansion. Although it was The fact that Nixon's resignation City ______fications and adjustments as dictated written nearly 30 years ago, the per or impeachment would now give us by our experience, once again this ISR, 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. spective he outlined for The Militant Ford as president emphasizes once spring. ~0014 remains our outlook today: again the necessity for a change not "What kind of a paper will best serve merely of individuals but of the en the needs of the new party in the next tire political and social system. What period which lies immediately before is needed is to take power away from The government's us?- We used to think, or rather take the handful of capitalists and bankers for granted, that as we broke out of who now rule, and establish a workers 'anti-inflation' the narrow propaganda circle and be ... Shanker Continued from page J6 government. gan to get a hearing from the work program say administration, and he tried un ers, we should aim at changing the 'You might try something I've tried weekly into a daily. . . . successfully to wheedle favors from it. Both Gotbaum and Shanker are Correction recently: eat a liHie less' -John Mc "It was also assumed that, as the lane, deputy director, Cost of living seeking to curry favor with the new In an article last week ("Coast paper became a 'mass' paper, it would Council be obliged to adapt itself to the politi Beame administration. '"The election to coast solidarity with bomb victims") cal understanding of the average, if of Abe Beame can be the beginning we incorrectly identified Charles And not the lowest common denominator, step in the painful process by which Hayes as an official of the United the among its new readers; leaving the we emerge from the morass that threat Auto Workers. He is a vice-president socialist more complicated political and theo ens to engulf New York City," says of the Amalgamated Meat Cutters. retical explanations to the monthly Gotbaum. alternative: Shanker says, "The party system, magazine. On closer analysis, with INFLATION: WHAT CAUSES IT, HOW destroyed through the efforts of the Calendar and classified ad rates: 75 the question no longer speculative but TO FIGHT IT by linda Jenness, Dick concrete and immediate, both these Liberal Party, Reform Democrats, and cents per line of 56-character-wide type wriHen copy. Display ad rates: $10 per Roberts, 24 pp., $.25 ideas require radical revision. the New York Times, has led the city column inch ($7.50 if camera-ready ad ISSUES FACING THE LABOR MOVE "With our present resources and to experience the same kind of po MENT IN THE 1970s edited by P.aul litical anarchy which existed in France is enclosed). Payment must be included manpower, and those which can rea with ads. The Militant is published each Davidson, 32 pp., $.60 throughout its history. A restoration sonably be counted on in the next pe week on Friday. Deadlines for ad copy: THE WAGE-PRICE FREEZE SWINDLE riod of expansion, a daily paper of party structure is the only solution Friday, one week prec.eding publication, by les Evans, linda Jenness, 24 pp., would devour such huge sums as to to successful city government." He for classified and display ads; Wednes $.35. starve the other departments of our thinks, like Gotbaum, that Abe Beame day noon, two days preceding publica work and defeat our plans for a sym is the man to restore the power of the tion, for calendar ads. Telephone: (212) Order from: Pathfinder Press, Inc. 410 metrical development of the move Democratic machine in New York poli 243-6392.. WestSt., New York, N.Y.10014 ment. The task of distributing a daily tics. Both want to be part of that ma- Socialist Directory ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, c/o Steve Shliveck, P. 0. 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GEORGIA: Allanta: Militant Bookstore, 68 Peachtree MI. Pleasant, Mich. 48858. Cincinnati: YSA, c/o C. R. Mills, P. 0. Box 32084, WASHINGTON: Bellingham: YSA, Viking Union Bldg., St. N. E., Third Floor, Atlanta, Ga. 30303. SWP and MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA, and Cincinnati, Ohio 45232. Tel: (513) 242-9043. Western Washington Sidle College, Bellingham, Wash. YSA, P.O. Box 846, Atlanta, Ga. 30301. Tel: (404) labor Bookstore, 25 University Ave. S. E., Mpls. 55413. Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave., 98225. Tel: (206) 676-1893. 523-0610. Tel: (612) 332-7781. Cleveland, Ohio 44103. Tel: SWP-(216) 391...5553, Seatlfe: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 5257 ILUNOIS: Chicago: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Books, 428 St. Cloud: YSA, c/o Atwood Center, St. Cloud Stale YSA-(216) 391-3278. University Way N. E., Seatlfe, Wash. 98105. Hra. 11 S. Wabash, Filth Floor, Chicago, Ill. 60605. Tel: SWP College, St. Cloud, Minn. 56301. Columbus: YSA, c/o Margaret Van Epp, 670 a.m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sat. Tel: (206) 523-2555. (312) 939-0737, YSA-(312) 427-0280, Pathfinder Books MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Student Activities Cuyahoga Ct., Columbus, Ohio 43210. Tel: (614) 268- WEST VIRGINIA: Huntington: YSA, c/o Marshall Uni -(312) 939..0756. Office, U of Missouri at Kansas City, 51 00 Rockhill 7860. versity, HunHngtan, W.Va. 25701. Tel: (301) 525-6323. INDIANA: llaominglen: YSA, c/o Student Activities Road, Kan- City, Mo. 64110. OREGON: Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stork, WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, c/o James levitt, 145 Deslt, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. 47.,j()1. St. louis: SWP and YSA, 4660 Maryland, Suite 17, - Fifth Floor, Portland, Ore. 97204. Tel: j503) 226-2715. N. Butler, Madison, Wis.-53703. (608) 251...5716. 22 In the Dec.-Jan. YOUNG SOCIALIST In reply ta Sha~:kley, Jensen and ather raEiits pol Why sa~:ialists are . MiliTANT SHOUlDER BAG Order your Militant carrying bag to " ... plainly what CREEP was doing to the Democrats is Insignificant in day! Bright yellow canvas bag with comparison with the bipartisan ... campaign against the Socialist Workers suing Diaan red or black lettering. 19 x 12 x9 Party ...."- Noam Chomsky, New York Review of Books. inches deep, with strong shoulder Help to distribute the book that tells the real Watergate story and describes strap. large enough to carry dozens an unprecedented legal battle-the suit brought by the Socialist Workers Debate: of Militants pl"us books, leaflets, etc. Party and Young Socialist Alliance to end government harassment and intimidation of dissenters. 96 pp., 55.00, paper 51.25. Send me ( ) Militant shoulder bags lianism and at $4 each. ( ) Red ( ) Black Send check or money order to: PATHFINDER PRESS, INC., 410 West Street, Enclosed is$ ____ New York, N.Y. 10014 the Arab Name ______Address------City ______reualutian State _____ Zip _____ ( ) Enclosed is $1 for six 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. The hidden historyJJ.f.America months 10014 ( ) Enclosed is S2 for one Marxist year (11 issues). ( ) I would like to order Sell The Essays in a bundle of __YOU NG WAR SOCIALISTS a month IN THE American at 12 1/2 cents per Militant Help The Militant get around by tak History copy. ing a regular weekly bundle to sell on MIDEAST Includes: Tom Paine- Revolution NAME ______your campus, at your job, or near THE SOCIALIST VIEW ist e The Conquest of the Indians where you Iive. The cost is 17 cents Selections from The Militant by e The Colonial Plantation System ADDRESS ______each, and we bill you .at the end of Dave Frankel, Dick Roberts e Homage to John Brown • The CITY ____ ST ATE_ZI P_ each month. 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Our goal is a socialist society, democratically controlled by the majority of people- not by a handful of powerful Be~d bankers and millionaires. We know that a better world is not only possible, but by Lis Evans is absolutely necessary. Join us in the fight. _I want to join the YSA . . I want more information about the YSA. -Enclosed is $I for 6 months (6 issues) of the Young Socialist. () ENCLOSED IS $1 FOR 3 MONTHS OF THE ISR. ( ) SEND ME 1 YEAR OF THE ISR FOR $5 Name------ NAME------ADDRESS ______Address------~------City ______.~..~.~.~,~.:i------CITY ______STATE _____ ZIP ___ Zip----~----~P~h~o~ne~------INTERNATIONAL SOCIAliST REVIEW, 14 CHARLES LANE, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10014 YSA, Box471 Cooper Station, N.Y., N.Y. 10003; (212) 989-7570 THE MILITANT/DECEMBER 21,1973 23 THE MILITANT Strike defies gov't order • • I car • own o By ROBERT WEST SAN FRANCISCO- The month-old carpenters' strike in the Bay Area, al though declared illegal, has continued to spread in defiance of government and contractor actions. Judge Burke of the federal district court here granted the contractors a harsh and sweeping injunction against the Carpenters union Dec. 7. It singled out most of the Carpen ter business agents by name, as well as every official body of the union. By agreement between union and contractor attorneys, the international union officials in Washington were ex empted from the judgment. During the court hearing a spirited demonstration of 200 carpenters and other building workers demonstrated in front of the federal building. Offi cials of building trades and other unions voiced their support for the car penters. Judge Burke used an official order from Nixon's Construction Industry Stabilization Committee in Washing Carpenters and supporters protest strikebreaking move by federal district court. Militant/Steve Chainey ton that arrived the same day, order ing the industry to pay no more than a 15-cent-an-hour wage increase. federal court make it stick? no one has spelled it out, the issue is borers organized in the building-trades The union has insisted for six On Dec. 10 the court received its well understood. council in the Bay Area. The outcome months that its contract calls for a answer. Rank-and-file pickets ap If the government can force the of this action vitally affects their future. 65-cent-an-hour increase. It refused a peared at major work sites and suc union to renegotiate the wage agree The response on the first day of previous suggestion from the govern ceeded in closing them down. For the ment approved two and a half years picket activity has been good. For the ment wage-control board to renego most part other tradesmen respected ago, the union's function of defending first time in many years the fate of tiate its contract to include the lower the pickets. workers' wages would be surrendered. the construction union lies in the wage increase. At the various carpenter hiring halls, The common generalization heard hands of their ranks. The old alliance Most of the other construction unions typed-out notices advised that any car~ here is that "the government is be between the union leadership, the con in the area have renegotiated their penter who wanted to would be dis coming a dictatorship over the work tractors, and one or another corrupt contracts, but the carpenters and the patched to a job with the Associated ers. . . . This is the Nixon game plan political machine has turned out to be operating engineers have not. General Contractors. This was in com to break the unions." a disaster. The principal issue at stake has be pliance with the court order, but there The key to the present fight lies The simple fact that the strength of come crystal clear: Can the federal were no takers. in the response of the other building_ the union lies in the militancy of its government step in and tear up a The ranks of the carpenters are pre trades. There are 12 different crafts ranks has become a glaringly obvious negotiated union agreement? Can the pared for a showdown fight. Although representing 20,000 mechanics and la- truth. Meat cutters strike Calif. food chains By WALTER LIPPMANN In reply to the strike, the antiunion fornia also locked out nonstriking Drug Council and we work together." LOS ANGELES - Three major Food Employers Council, represent members of the Meat Cutters union. These workers are employed by the Southern California supermarket ing 60 of the largest chains, has Five thousand butchers are affected, so-called captive bakeries owned by chains were struck by 22,000 work locked out members of the striking and their picket lines have been re the markef chains that are being ers Dec. 3. Members of the Meat Cut unions at all member stores. John spected by 10,000 retail clerks. struck. They account for 35 percent of ters, Teamsters, Machinists, and Bacon, FEC vice-president, said they Butchers in Northern California local bakery production. Operating Engineers unions went out did this because of the union's "awe won a victory when the Arden-May At week's end, supplies in many against Safeway, Lucky, and Thrifti some, inflationary cost demands." An field chain broke ranks with the other markets were dwindling, meat coun mart stores. estimated 100,000 workers will be af major chains and agreed to a 5. 5 ters were emptying out, and union of Union members voted 10 to 1 tore fected. percent wage increase retroactive to ficials said they would continue the ject what was termed an "insulting" Members of the Meat Cutters are Nov. 4. It also accepted the union's strike if no settlement was reached. company offer to raise wages 35 cents particularly concerned with job other strike settlement terms. Meanwhile, the strike against San an hour the first year and 30 cents security and the introduction of new In a related development, 800 Meat Francisco Bay Area Sears department each during the second and third technology. Many jobs are threatened Cutters walked off the job at four Los stores is now entering its fifth month. years of the proposed contract. In ad and the companies are attempting to Angeles slaughterhouses that had sup In another important Bay Area strike, dition, the unions are calling for an lower the wages of beginning workers. plied the supermarkets. After one day, 5,000 employees of the Kaiser Hos end to compulsory overtime, and The Meat Cutters have also struck slaughter was down from 5,200 head pital Foundation walked off the job changes in work quotas ·and arbitra Lucky and Safeway stores in North to 1,200 per day. ' Dec. 8. Spokespeople for Hospital and tion procedures. ern California. Safeway admitted that The following day, 1,000 members Institutional Workers Local 250, The unions are calling for an un 160 of its Northern California stores of Bakery Workers Union Local 37 AFL-CIO, said the strike was called restricted cost-of-living clause, while were closed by the strike. Lucky left work, stating, "We just don't cross when Kaiser refused to petition the the companies insist that the clause claimed it kept 65 of its 109 stores sanctioned picket lines. We are all Cost of Living Council for wage in have an 11-cent maximum. open. The FEC in Northern Cali- members of the unions' Food and creases of more than 6.2 percent. 24