Vol. 27, No. 3, 2018
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Contemporary Social Sciences Double-blind Reviewed, Indexed & Refereed Quarterly International Journal Approved by University Grants Commission (UGC) Index Copernicus ICV : 62.45; General Impact Factor : 2.495 Global Impact Factor : 0.765; NAAS Rating : 2.88; InfoBase Index : 3.64 Founder Padma Shri S. S. Shashi Chief Editor Dharam Vir Volume 27, Number 3 (July-September), 2018 RESEARCH FOUNDATION INTERNATIONAL (INDIA) Affiliated to United Nations Organization (UNO) (An Autonomous, Registered (1972), Recognized Charitable Organization of Social Scientists, Authors, Journalists and Social Activists) <Visit us at : https://www.jndmeerut.org> <e-mail : [email protected]> Editorial Board Contemporary Social Sciences (CSS) is a quarterly peer reviewed & refereed international journal published since 1972 under the auspicious of Research Foundation (an autonomous, registered (1972), recognized charitable organization of social scientists, authors, journalists and social activists). The journal is published regularly in the months of March, June, September and December. The annual subscription is ` 2000 in India and US $ 80 abroad, including postage by Registered Post/Airmail. All the subscriptions must be prepaid in favour of M/S Saksham Computers, payable at Meerut. FOUNDER Padma Shri S. S. Shashi, Executive Chairman, Research Foundation International (India) and Former Director General, Publications Division, Government of India, ‘Anusandhan’, B-4/245, Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi–110 029, India. CHIEF EDITOR Dharam Vir, Former Head, Department of Post-graduate Studies and Research in Sociology, Nanakchand Anglo Sanskrit College, CCS University, Meerut–250 004, India. ASSOCIATE EDITORS Sanjeev Mahajan, Department of Post-graduate Studies and Research in Sociology, Nanakchand Anglo Sanskrit College, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut–250 004, India. Richa Singh, Secretary (Academics), Social Science Division, Research Foundation International (India), Delhi–110 029, India. MANAGING EDITOR Kamlesh Mahajan, Former Head, Department of Sociology, Ismail National Mahila Post-graduate College, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut–250 004, India. BOOK REVIEW EDITOR S. K. Gupta, Professor of Sociology (Retired), Panjab University, Chandigarh–160 014, India. CONSULTING EDITORS Dr. A. K. Singh (Assistant Coordinator, IGNOU Centre, Rohini, Delhi); Prof. B. K. Nagla (M. D. University, Rohtak); Prof. Bhoumik Deshmukh (University of Pune, Pune); Prof. D. P. Singh (NIILM-CMS, Noida, India); Prof. Ho Chin Siong (Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia); Prof. I. S. Chauhan (Former Vice-Chancellor, Barakatulla University, Bhopal); Dr. László Vasa, (Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Szent István University, Hungary); Dr. Mamta Singh (Academic Counsellor, IGNOU Centre, Rohini, Delhi); Prof. Neelam Grewal (Dean Postgraduate Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana); Dr. R. W. Sherman, (Adjunct Associate Professor, Silberman School of Social Work, New York); Prof. S. S. Sharma (CCS University, Meerut); Prof. S. K. Gupta (Panjab University, Chandigarh); Prof. Satya Prakash (Department of Law, N. A. S. College, Meerut); Prof. Wang Xiaoyi (Director, Rural and Industrial Sociology, Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academic of Social Sciences, Beijing, China). ISSN 0302-9298 World Copyrights of articles published in CSS are controlled by Contemporary Social Sciences, 1972. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission of the Editor. Contents 1. Globalization and Security : The Becoming of an Insecure Nation Rahul Singhal 1 2. Role of Extension Education in achieving Sustainable Development Goals Lalita Vatta and Shally Jindal 11 3. Strategic Trade Policy and Migration : The Case of Different Size Countries Rafael Espinosa 35 4. An Analytical Study of Agrarian Crisis and Women Empowerment : Essential Aspects, Barriers & Schemes Sonia Singla 49 5. Democratic Institutions and Empowerment of Women : An Analytical Study Abhay Vikram Singh and Mohiuddin Khairoowala 57 6. Global Citizenship of Secondary School Students in Bangkok, Thailand Pawinyaphat Woraphan and Kittikoon Rungruang 77 7. Poverty and Structural Inequality in India : Understanding from Policy Perspective Hafida Begum 90 8. Transition in Planning and Purchasing of Trousseau between two Generations of Punjab Manideep Kaur and Harminder Kaur Saini 98 9. Differential Effects of Public and Private Funding in the Medical Device Industry Hyunsung D. Kang and David N. Ku 110 10. Urbanization and Social Change : Analyzing Demographic and Socio-economic Transformations of Asansol Durgapur Planning Area of West Bengal, India Mohana Basu and Debajit Datta 123 11. Gender Empowerment in India : A Study of the Legal and Social Structure Zahid Hussain 139 Contents (Continued) 12. The Scheduled Castes in India : Post Independence Scenario Sushma Rani 149 13. Women Entrepreneurship in India : Challenges and Prospects Anshu Singh 157 14. The Financial Game Changing : The Implications of Now- Trending Internet Finance in the Chinese Insurance Market Preechaya Kittipaisalsilpa 165 15. Goods and Services Tax Compliance Initiatives : Examining Corporate Taxpayers‘ and Regulator‘s Responsibilities in Malaysia Soliha Sanusi, Normah Omar, Zuraidah M. Sanusi 182 and Rohaya Md Noor 16. Philosophical Anthropology : A Path to the Rule of Law Angela Vidal Gandra Martins 194 17. Happiness in the Age of Artificial Intelligence Gagan Jain and Mukta Singhvi 204 18. Unfinished Fight for Transparent India : Indian Ombudsman ‘Lokpal’ Triranjan Raj 212 19. Empowerment of Rural Women through Self-help Groups : A Sociological Study Mamta Rani 230 20. Technical Education Graduates : A Critical Study of Skills-Set Requirements of Indian Industries Across Different Verticals Sheetal Singh, Ravindra Kumar, Alka Agarwal 237 21. Participation of Women in Panchayati Raj Institution Deepa Sharma 252 22. Emerging Role of Women in Nation Building Neelam Juneja and D. D. Aggarwal 260 23. Role of Government in eradication of Rural Poverty and Enhancing Employment in India Alka Sharma and Himanshu Agarwal 264 1 Globalization and Security : The Becoming of an Insecure Nation Rahul Singhal* There are no two opinions on the fact that security is highly contested and politicized phenomenon and concept. The contemporary times have an unsavory knack of abusing almost everything under the sun, be it globalization (marred by blatant capitalism), facts (creating alternate facts), human beings (gender differences, sexual exploitation), language (truth and post-truth), nature (pollution and exploitation), and the list goes on; and the whole notion of ‘security’ also stands in the same territory. The paper intends towards an analysis of the argument that the yearning, and need for being far more secure (in social, economic and cultural context) than before has actually made us much more vulnerable. The failure of ‘globalization from below’, the success of ‘globalization from above’, navigation without reference to a fixed point, a North star and the absence of critical thinking and improved education policies and system, have coerced us in favour of fascist regimes, protectionism, extreme form of nationalism, walling of borders and creation of delusionary ‘threat’ and the ‘threatened’ - two major elements of ‘security’. In the light of aforementioned argument, the paper plans towards fleshing out of the recent unfortunate incidents in India, where ‘cow’ is far more ‘threatened’ than the human beings and in order to protect it human beings must be lynched, the silencing of independent and questioning voices of journalists, the disappearance and suicide of students from university campuses, suicides of farmers in the absence of emancipatory policies, and lastly, manufacturing of mob who is ready to brand you as an anti-national and lynch you - all in the false sense of becoming ‘secure’. This study in the wake of analysis of abovementioned incidents and * Research Scholar, Department of English, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh (India) E-mail: <[email protected]> CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL SCIENCES, Vol. 27, No. 3 (July-September), 2018 2 Rahul Singhal happenings aims towards an understanding of the meaning of being ‘secure’ - is it arms versus policies, nationalism versus accommodation, power versus modesty, fascism versus democracy? [Keywords : Globalization, Security, Nationalism, Fascism, Policies, Abuse] 1. Introduction Much ink has been spilt historically and even in the present times the ‘spillage’, and ‘slippage’ continues, to chronicle, explain, critically examine, and to include different perspectives related to various unfortunate incidents, and pogroms all around the globe. Neither the unfortunate has ceased to exist nor the piling up of empty ink bottles as a resultant. Though one can certainly not question the ‘ink-spillage’ and make policies for sustainable use of ink, but one can surely ask the question - ‘‘Do we as human beings have failed ourselves and continue to do so almost religiously every morning, evening and night? Additionally, this question gains much more pungency especially in the context of banalities like, good morning, evening and night where there is an incessant refusal to examine the good in ‘good’ ’’? On the surface level the question, for few or many, may seem like a cliché and a classic example of ink spillage, but by rendering any statement, an idea, a fact, a thought or for that matter any response