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Railway Lines in Mexico Vorgelegt bei: Source: dreamstime.com Assessment of mixed traffic tram-train operation, in underutilized railway lines in Mexico. The Case Study of Xalapa, Veracruz. Master Thesis in Infrastructure Planning (MIP) TU Berlin, Eisenbahnwesen-Seminar Mauricio Villarreal Muñoz 19.04.2021 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Content 1. Introduction . Background . Goal and Objectives . Theory 2. Methodology . Workflow . Infrastructure model and Rolling Stock 3. Case Study Analysis . Guidelines, assumptions and limitations . Infrastructure variants and timetable . Results 4. Conclusions Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 2 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Characteristics of the Mexican Railway System Railway operation in Mexico: . Freight transport oriented (long distances) . Mainly non-signalized operation . “Private” operation (concessions) Source: elfinanciero.com.mx . Almost no passenger transportation Typical Mexican Freight Train . Metro/ light rail systems in Mexico City, Monterrey, Guadalajara . Unstructured operation pattern . Low speeds and many level Photo: Stefan von Mach crossings Very low traffic railway Line in Yucatán Photo: Stefan von Mach Bombardier/ CAF Metro in Mexico City - Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 3 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Movement Authority . Movement Authorization procedures can be divided into two categories: • Signal – Controlled • Non Signal – Controlled . Signal-Controlled is very well known in Europe (standard) . Non Signal-Controlled • Common in North America • Verbal or Written Authority (Track Warrants) • Communication via Radio or Telephone • Dispatcher Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 4 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Map of the Mexican Railway System Mexican Railway network. Source: ARTF Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 5 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Passenger Railway Lines Passenger Services in Mexico. Source: ARTF Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 6 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Timeline of the Mexican Railway system National Railway Museum, Puebla Photo : Stefan von Mach Source: Wikipedia.org Source: 3museos.com Maximilian I Porfírio Diaz Of Mexico 1864 1873 1876 1910 1937 1996 202X? 1876 → 640 km Photo : Stefan von Mach 1910 → 24,720 km Suburban Rail Mexico City Pantitlán Source: timetoast.com semanarioespressocoatepec.blogspot.com First Mexican Railway Line Mexican revolutionaries on a train Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 7 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Figures • Total Area: 1,972,550 km² 357,582 km² • Total Length of railway lines: 26,914 km * 33 423 km • Density: 0.014 km / km² 0.093 km / km² • Rail Freight in Mio. Tkm: 89 Mio. Tkm 132 Mio. Tkm • Long-Distance Passengers: <0.5 Mio 152 Mio. • Local-services Passengers: 57 Mio 2486 Mio. Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 8 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions International Tendencies Countries with the highest freight traffic Countries which move More passengers Countries in both categories Source: ARTF, Anuario Estadístico Ferroviario 2019 Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 9 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions On-going and Future Projects Mexico – Toluca Source:gob.mx/sct . Tren Maya Interurban Train • Mixed Operation • 160 km/h . Mexico – Toluca • 58 km commuter line • 160 km/h • ETCS 2 . Monterrey • 60 km Source: trenmaya.gob.mx • Mixed operation Tren Maya Project . Mexico City – Queréraro Great Vision (“Gran Visión”) Double-track Cargo railway line • Strategy/Plan/Policies to reintroduce passenger railway transportation in Mexico Photo : Stefan von Mach Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 10 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Mexico’s Great Vision Project - “Gran Visión” ferroviaria How to reposition the train as a factor of change that promotes social welfare? . Long-Term policy as a base • Guidelines • Philosophy • Structure . Improving the system • Capacity Research • Identifying areas of Opportunity for expansion • Rational funding schemes • Cooperation of different entities Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 11 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Mexican Railway Cluster (I) Network Regions Chapters Clusters • Network of Experts, Students, Organisations • Global Knowledge Sharing • Highly Qualified Mexicans Abroad Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 12 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Mexican Railway Cluster (II) Railway as a key element for development Linking Mexican students to German universities and companies Bilateral cooperation Mexico -Germany Promote new educational opportunities in Mexico focused on the railway sector Generate proposals aimed at improving the railroad sector in Mexico Encourage the generation of own regulations applicable to the Mexican railroad context. Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 13 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Goal and Objectives • Feasibility of a mixed railway operation program Main on existing underutilized lines in Mexico Objective Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 14 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Specific Objectives 1. To structure a methodology that can be used to analyse future railway projects in Mexico . Required data . Process itself 2. Analyse the current capacity of the existing infrastructure of the line in the section of study . Determine the minimum infrastructure required for Mixed operation . Develop a rough operating program Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 15 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Metropolitan area of Xalapa, the area of study: . Capital city of Veracruz . Second largest economy . 7 municipalities . Railway connection between . Over 740,000 inh. Veracruz Port and Mexico City Note: Prepared by author with data from conabio.gob.mx Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 16 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Problems and Challenges of this area . Urban Sprawl . Railway track splitting the city . Traffic Congestion and Poor Mobility Veh/km² Veh/inh Veh/km of road 1.28 0.35 1.94 0.66 0.41 0.2 0.25 0.42 0.25 0.87 0.24 0.67 0.3 0.29 0.85 Xalapa Guadalajara Monterrey CDMX Puebla Source: BID with data from Xalapa’s Municipality Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 17 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions The state of the line - Xalapa Source of the pictures: ARTF Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 18 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions The Project “Tren Ligero de Xalapa” (Xalapa’s Light Rail) Infrastructure characteristics: . Existing: • Single line • Yard and workshop (KCSM) . Projected: • 14 Stations (Including 2 Terminals) • 17.8 km long • Mixed operation “Tram-Train” • New infrastructure (to be determined) Map of the Project “Tren Ligero de Xalapa” Source: ARTF Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 19 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Benefits of the project Source: elinfluyente.mx Source: ARTF in Perfil Xalapa Linear Park along the track, Mexico city Project Concept . A project that promotes Train, cycling and walking as more environmentally friendly modes of transportation • Improves mobility • Improves air quality • Foster social integration Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 20 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Theoretical Framework Capacity understood as the maximum number of trains that would be able to operate on a given railway infrastructure, during a specific time interval, given the operational conditions.(Abril et al., 2008) Capacity Research • Simulation • analytical Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 21 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Train separation Source: Connor 2017 Fixed Block Separation Source: The Railway Technical Website Schematic of UK 4-aspect signaling system Non-signalled Operation: Movement Authorities → End of Authorities • Mileage Post • Crossing • Designated points Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 22 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Blocking time model Own work based on Pachl, 2014 Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 23 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Timetabling concepts • Headway • Buffer time Headway time and buffer time in a Blocking time stairway diagram (Cui, 2019) Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 24 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Structure of the Thesis Objectives Literature Results Review Methods Analysis Discussion Theorethical Framework Introduction Analysis Conclusion Capacity Analysis by Simulation Methods: Case Study Xalapa, Mexico 25 Introduction Methodology Case Study Analysis Conclusions Workflow of the Capacity Analysis
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