THE DEVELOPMENT of the MEXICAN RAILWAY SYSTEM from IT5 EARLY BEGINNINGS DOWN to 1911 . ROBERT W I L L I a M HOWES B. A., Cantab
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Water Governance Decentralisation and River Basin Management Reforms in Hierarchical Systems
water Article Water Governance Decentralisation and River Basin Management Reforms in Hierarchical Systems: Do They Work for Water Treatment Policy in Mexico’s Tlaxcala Atoyac Sub-Basin? Cesar Casiano Flores *, Vera Vikolainen † and Hans Bressers † Department of Governance and Technology for Sustainability (CSTM), University of Twente, Enschede 7500AE, The Netherlands; [email protected] (V.V.); [email protected] (H.B.) * Correspondence: c.a.casianofl[email protected]; Tel.: +31-68-174-6250 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Academic Editors: Sharon B. Megdal, Susanna Eden and Eylon Shamir Received: 22 February 2016; Accepted: 11 May 2016; Published: 19 May 2016 Abstract: In the last decades, policy reforms, new instruments development, and economic resources investment have taken place in water sanitation in Mexico; however, the intended goals have not been accomplished. The percentage of treated wastewater as intended in the last two federal water plans has not been achieved. The creation of River Basin Commissions and the decentralisation process have also faced challenges. In the case of Tlaxcala, the River Basin Commission exists only on paper and the municipalities do not have the resources to fulfil the water treatment responsibilities transferred to them. This lack of results poses the question whether the context was sufficiently considered when the reforms were enacted. In this research, we will study the Tlaxcala Atoyac sub-basin, where water treatment policy reforms have taken place recently with a more context sensitive approach. We will apply the Governance Assessment Tool in order to find out whether the last reforms are indeed apt for the context. -
Refrigerated Food Transport from Canada to Mexico: Cold Chain Challenges Author(S): Barry E
Transportation Research Forum Industry Issue Paper: Refrigerated Food Transport from Canada to Mexico: Cold Chain Challenges Author(s): Barry E. Prentice and Ron McLachlin Source: Journal of the Transportation Research Forum, Vol. 47, No. 2 (Summer 2008), pp. 119-131 Published by: Transportation Research Forum Stable URL: http://www.trforum.org/journal The Transportation Research Forum, founded in 1958, is an independent, nonprofit organization of transportation professionals who conduct, use, and benefit from research. Its purpose is to provide an impartial meeting ground for carriers, shippers, government officials, consultants, university researchers, suppliers, and others seeking exchange of information and ideas related to both passenger and freight transportation. More information on the Transportation Research Forum can be found on the Web at www.trforum.org. Industry Issue Papers Refrigerated Food Transport from Canada to Mexico: Cold Chain Challenges by Barry E. Prentice and Ron McLachlin Qualitative research methods are used to examine the status of the “cold chain,” which serves the Mexican market for Canadian food products. A brief synopsis of Canadian food exports to Mexico is presented to establish the demand for refrigerated transport. Subsequently, the supply of refrigerated transport is considered in terms of modal choice and routes from Canada to Mexico. This is followed by a narrative of cold chain challenges identified by industry respondents. The conclusion points to some policy issues for consideration. INTRODUCTION The Mexican demand for value-added food imports has grown rapidly with the introduction of supermarket food distribution systems. Most value-added food products require climate controlled transport and storage, which is referred to as the “cold chain.” A continuous cold chain is necessary to maintain quality and extend the shelf-life of perishable products. -
Informe De Pobreza Y Evaluación En El Estado De Tlaxcala 2012
Informe de pobreza y evaluación en el estado de Tlaxcala 2012 Informe de pobreza y evaluación en el estado de Tlaxcala 2012 CONSEJO NACIONAL DE EVALUACIÓN DE LA POLÍTICA DE DESARROLLO SOCIAL INVESTIGADORES ACADÉMICOS 2010-2014 María del Rosario Cárdenas Elizalde Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Fernando Alberto Cortés Cáceres El Colegio de México Agustín Escobar Latapí Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social-Occidente Salomón Nahmad Sittón Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social-Pacífico Sur John Scott Andretta Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas Graciela María Teruel Belismelis Universidad Iberoamericana SECRETARÍA EJECUTIVA Gonzalo Hernández Licona Secretario Ejecutivo Edgar A. Martínez Mendoza Director General Adjunto de Coordinación Ricardo C. Aparicio Jiménez Director General Adjunto de Análisis de la Pobreza Thania Paola de la Garza Navarrete Directora General Adjunta de Evaluación Daniel Gutiérrez Cruz Director General Adjunto de Administración Informe de pobreza y evaluación en el estado de Tlaxcala 2012 COLABORADORES Equipo técnico Edgar A. Martínez Mendoza Cristina Hayde Pérez González Gabriela Gutiérrez Salas Clara I. Schettino Bustamante Florencia Leyson Lelevier Luis Gerardo Mejía Sánchez José Antonio Aguilar Herrera Informe de pobreza y evaluación en el estado de Tlaxcala 2012 Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social Boulevard Adolfo López Mateos 160 Colonia San Ángel Inn CP. 01060 Delegación Álvaro Obregón México, DF Impreso y hecho en México Printed and made in Mexico Citación sugerida: Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social. Informe de pobreza y evaluación en el estado de Tlaxcala 2012. México, D.F. CONEVAL., 2012. Informe de pobreza y evaluación en el estado de Tlaxcala 2012 Glosario Para este documento se utilizarán los siguientes conceptos: Criterios de elegibilidad. -
Tlaxcala Centro De México
TLAXCALA CENTRO DE MÉXICO ENGLISH VERSION Parish of San Bernardino Contla. Tlaxcala City Hall offices; the former House of Calpulalpan Stone; and the Xicohténcatl Theatre, Tlaxcala was one of the most important in the turn-of-the-century eclectic The monastic complex formerly ded- cities in Central Mexico in the pre-His- style under Porfirio Díaz. The city also icated to San Simón and San Judas panic period. Viceregal authorities has many museums, such as the Re- is now known as San Antonio. Visit built the colonial city in a small valley. gional Museum, Museum of Memo- former pulque-producing haciendas The state capital is now a beautiful city ry, Art Museum, the Living Museum nearby, such as the Hacienda San Bar- that preserves 16th-century buildings of Folk Arts and Traditions. Another tolomé del Monte. such as the former Convent of Nues- attraction is the Jorge “El Ranchero” tra Señora de la Asunción and from Aguilar Bullring, one of the country’s Ocotelulco the 17th century, such as the Basilica oldest, built in 1817, and now the venue ALONSO DE LOURDES MARÍA PHOTO: of Ocotlán. The latter structure com- for the annual Tlaxcala Fair held in Oc- This site was one of the major Tlax- memorates the apparition of the Virgin tober and November. caltec towns in the Late Postclassic San Bernardino Contla Chiautempan Mary in 1541 to a local native man from period (AD 1200–1521); in fact, at the Tlaxcala, Juan Diego Bernardino, and time of Hernán Cortés’s arrival, it was A textile-producing town specializ- A town renowned for its textiles. -
Luis De La Llave* O D a L L O G E D
Luis De la Llave* o d a l l o g e D o i c i r u a M 91 rom the first years a fter Mexico’s inde pen - Other more fortunate experiences followed , but dence and throughout th e nineteenth cen - it was not until 1857 that the government granted Ftu ry, the railroad seemed the most prom - the license that would finally be used, overcom - ising tool for resolving all the country’s problems. ing all difficulties, to connect the port of Vera cru z Or at least, that was the imaginary of a people with the nation’s capital. The route Arrillaga picked who had only just wrested their independence was surprising to some, but the one the Es can dón fro m Spain. Despite being impoverished and dev - brothers chose in 1858 s purred irate protests. It astated by the years of fighting, Mexico would was the result of field research done by U.S. engi - still have to confront serious violent conflicts that neer Andrés H. Talcott and his technical team, would coincide in time and space with the con - hired by the licensees to determine the direction struction of the first railway lines and would sig - an interoceanic railway to join the Gulf Coast with nificantly delay the completion of the country’s Acapulco on the Paci fic should take. first long-distance rail line. The first stage of the route was planned to This article reviews the progress of Mex ican le ave the port of Veracruz, going through the towns Railways through the Great Mountains in central of Córdoba and Orizaba —known during the vi ce - Veracruz. -
Rail Harmonization in Mexico and North America: Implications for Agriculture
RAIL HARMONIZATION IN MEXICO AND NORTH AMERICA: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURE Barry E. Prentice,Wade Derkson and Arnold Maltz INTRODUCTION The North American railway landscape has changed significantly and irreversibly in the last few years. A "NAFTA railroad" has emerged with the acquisition of the Illinois Central (IC) by Canadian National (CN) and the subsequent marketing agreement with the Kansas City Southern (KCS). The largest Canadian railway, itself privatized only a few years ago, now offers single-line access to the Mexican market with the privatized Transportacion Ferroviario Mexicano (TFM). From a shipper's perspective, the new map of North America increasingly resembles a hyperlinked web page, "with the shipper able to start anywhere and end up in places he or she never imagined." (Possehl, 1998). Few North American shippers would have imagined a railway system that could include the much- maligned Mexican rail links. However, the once disparate parts of the North American rail network have re-emerged under private control with the promise of integrating NAFTA trade, and in particular, the trade of agricultural products. This paper examines the implications of the Mexican rail concessions for NAFTA trade of agricultural products. Specifically the paper focuses on whether or not privatization, particularly of the rail links in the Northeast (TFM) and the Pacific North (Ferromex), are likely to support overland movement of agricultural products within the three NAFTA signatories. The effect of rail privatization on freight rates is especially important because the geographic flow patterns of low-valued bulky agricultural commodities such as grains are sensitive to transport and logistics costs. -
Programa De Agua Potable, Alcantarillado Y Saneamiento (Proagua) 2016
GOBIERNO DEL ESTADO DE TLAXCALASECRETARÍA DE OBRAS PÚBLICAS, DESARROLLO URBANO Y VIVIENDA PROGRAMA DE AGUA POTABLE, ALCANTARILLADO Y SANEAMIENTO (PROAGUA) 2016 ESTRUCTURA FINANCIERA MUNICIPIO / No. NOMBRE DE LA OBRA LOCALIDAD ESTATAL / TOTAL FEDERAL MUNICIPAL FAFEF Tepeyanco/Tepeyan Rehabilitación del sistema de 1 .- 6,109,000.00 3,359,950.00 1,374,525.00 1,374,525.00 co agua potable, segunda etapa Rehabilitación del sistema de 2 .- Tocatlán/Tocatlán 1,069,000.00 587,950.00 481,050.00 0.00 agua potable, tercera etapa Construcción de línea de Tetla de la conducción, tanque de Solidaridad/Cuarta regularización y ampliación de 3 .- Sección Agrícola 3,000,000.00 2,040,000.00 480,000.00 480,000.00 red de distribución de agua Dolores, zona potable y equipamiento de conurbada pozo, segunda etapa Construcción del sistema de Potabilización del agua potable 4 .- Totolac/Totolac de dos pozos de Totolac para 10,676,621.00 8,274,381.00 1,201,120.00 1,201,120.00 cumplir con la NOM-127-SSA1- 1994 Zitlaltepec de Construcción de línea de 5 .- Trinidad Sánchez conducción de los deshielos de 2,600,000.00 2,015,000.00 292,500.00 292,500.00 Santos/Zitlaltepec la Malintzi, segunda etapa San Pablo del Perforación de pozo para Agua 6 .- Monte/Barrio La 2,088,600.00 1,420,248.00 334,176.00 334,176.00 Potable Santísima San Pablo del Perforación de pozo para Agua 7 .- Monte/Barrio El 2,090,000.00 1,421,200.00 334,400.00 334,400.00 Potable Cristo SUBTOTAL OBRAS 27,633,221.00 19,118,729.00 4,497,771.00 4,016,721.00 GOBIERNO DEL ESTADO DE TLAXCALASECRETARÍA DE OBRAS PÚBLICAS, DESARROLLO URBANO Y VIVIENDA PROGRAMA DE AGUA POTABLE, ALCANTARILLADO Y SANEAMIENTO (PROAGUA) 2016 ESTRUCTURA FINANCIERA MUNICIPIO / No. -
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT to SECTION 13 OR 15(D) of the SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT of 1934 for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020 Or
20 Annual 20 Report KANSAS CITY SOUTHERN Kansas City Southern is a transportation holding company with two primary subsidiaries. The Kansas City Southern Railway Company is one of seven Class I railroads operating in the United States. Kansas City Southern de México, S.A. de C.V. is one of two large regional railroads in Mexico. KCS also owns 50% of the Panama Canal Railway Company in Panama. The combined North American rail network comprises approximately 7,100 route miles, including trackage rights, that link commercial and industrial markets in the United States and Mexico. 2020 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 2020 2019 2018 2017 OPERATIONS Revenues $ 2,632.6 $ 2,866.0 $ 2,714.0 $ 2,582.9 Operating income 1,003.0 886.3 986.3 921.6 Net income attributable to Kansas City Southern and subsidiaries 617.0 538.9 627.4 962.0 PER COMMON SHARE Earnings per diluted share $ 6.54 $ 5.40 $ 6.13 $ 9.16 CLOSING STOCK PRICE RANGES Common - High $ 204.13 $ 155.10 $ 119.88 $ 113.44 Common - Low 100.54 92.87 90.84 80.82 4% Non-Cumulative Preferred - High 35.01 32.14 33.07 29.50 4% Non-Cumulative Preferred - Low 24.88 24.11 24.50 26.75 FINANCIAL CONDITION Total assets $ 9,964.0 $ 9,786.8 $ 9,469.8 $ 9,198.7 Total debt, including short-term borrowings 3,770.8 3,246.0 2,689.4 2,619.4 Total stockholders’ equity 4,057.2 4,422.5 4,813.0 4,548.9 Total equity 4,383.6 4,745.9 5,132.7 4,865.4 COMMON STOCKHOLDER INFORMATION AT YEAR END Stockholders of record 2,029 1,952 2,063 2,141 Shares outstanding (in thousands) 91,047 96,116 100,897 103,037 Average diluted shares outstanding (in thousands) 94,315 99,747 102,270 105,040 LETTER TO OUR The COVID-19 pandemic, and resulting economic downturn, impacted all STOCKHOLDERS aspects of Kansas City Southern’s (KCS or the Company) operations, resulting in an exceptionally challenging year. -
Logistics Development Strategies and Performance Measurement Roundtable158 Report Logistics Development Strategies and Performance Measurement Roundtable158 Report
Logistics Development Strategies and Performance Measurement Roundtable158 Report Logistics Development Strategies and Performance Measurement Roundtable158 Report The International Transport Forum The International Transport Forum is an intergovernmental organisation with 57 member countries. It acts as a think tank for transport policy and organises the Annual Summit of transport ministers. ITF is the only global body that covers all transport modes. The ITF is politically autonomous and administratively integrated with the OECD. The ITF works for transport policies that improve peoples’ lives. Our mission is to foster a deeper understanding of the role of transport in economic growth, environmental sustainability and social inclusion and to raise the public profile of transport policy. The ITF organises global dialogue for better transport. We act as a platform for discussion and pre- negotiation of policy issues across all transport modes. We analyse trends, share knowledge and promote exchange among transport decision-makers and civil society. The ITF’s Annual Summit is the world’s largest gathering of transport ministers and the leading global platform for dialogue on transport policy. The Members of the ITF are: Albania, Armenia, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China (People’s Republic of), Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Republic of Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom and the United States. -
A GEOGRAPHIC STUDY of the TOURIST INDUSTRY of MEXICO by 1957. MASTER of SCIENCE
A GEOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY OF MEXICO By WILLIAM Mo BRYAN ';}".~ Bachelor of Arts Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College Stillwater i, Oklahoma 1957. Submitted to the faculty of the Graduate School of the Oklahoma State University of Agriculture and Applied Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August, 1957 ? .• OKlAHOMk\ STATE UN1VER,SFt•·..t " lf8RARY " OCT 1 1957 A GEOGRAPHIC ·STUDY OF ' THE TOURIST INDUSTRY OF MEXICO Thesis Approved: > Dean of the Graduate School 385416 ii PREFACE American citizens do not visualize tourism as a complete industryo They think of the hotel., restaurant 9 souvenir.I) transportation9 garage and filling stations 9 and sporting goods businesses as individual enterprises rather than one large combined industryo Our demooracy 9 high economic standards 9 and liberal wa:y of life allow the American a:i tizen much time to spend in travel. An over~all look at tourism in one country 9 Mexico.I) has shown me that a large number of enterprisers are interested in this industryll and that country's government goes to great lengths to promote and build up a good tourist trade. While in the United States Navy, I first noticed the great impact of tourism in foreign lands., especially Hawaiio I became interested in Mexico while working in San Antonio., Texaso While there., several trips were made to border towns., and the large tourist trade between the United States and Mexico was realizedo A background in geography has given me a deeper knowledge of Mexi~oj and a reconn.aissanoe trip to that country provided the incentive to make this study. -
Gobierno Del Estado De Tlaxcala
GOBIERNO DEL ESTADO DE TLAXCALA SECRETARÍA DE OBRAS PÚBLICAS, DESARROLLO URBANO Y VIVIENDA PROGRAMA DE AGUA POTABLE, DRENAJE Y TRATAMIENTO (PROAGUA) 2018 APARTADO URBANO (APAUR) INVERSIÓN AUTORIZADA INVERSIÓN ESTATAL No. MUNICIPIO / LOCALIDAD NOMBRE DE LA OBRA AUTORIZADA TOTAL FEDERAL IROS MUNICIPAL SUBTOTAL FAFEF 2018 CAPÍTULO 6000 Natívitas y Santa Apolonia Teacalco / Natívitas, San Bernabé Construcción de colectores y Capula, Santo Tomás La emisores intermunicipales a planta 1.- 8,000,000.00 4,800,000.00 2,200,000.00 2,200,000.00 1,000,000.00 Concordia, Guadalupe Victoria, de tratamiento de aguas residuales Jesús Tepactepec, San Miguel del "Natívitas" (Primera Etapa) Milagro y Santa Apolonia Teacalco Construcción de colectores y 2.- Panotla/ Panotla 11,000,000.00 6,600,000.00 2,200,000.00 2,200,000.00 2,200,000.00 emisores (Primera Etapa) Ixtacuixtla de Mariano Construcción de colectores y Matamoros/ San Antonio Tecóac, emisores a planta de tratamiento 3.- San Antonio Tizostoc, Santa Cruz 8,800,000.00 5,280,000.00 1,760,000.00 1,760,000.00 1,760,000.00 de aguas residuales "Ixtacuixtla" El Porvenir, Santa Justina Ecatepec (Primera Etapa) y La Trinidad Tenexyecac Santa Isabel Xiloxoxtla, La Magdalena Tlaltelulco, Construcción del colector y emisor Teolocholco y Tepeyanco/ Santa intermunicipal Tlaltelulco-Xiloxoxtla 4.- Isabel Xiloxoxtla, La Magdalena - Teolocholco - Tepeyanco a planta 9,000,000.00 4,500,000.00 2,250,000.00 2,250,000.00 2,250,000.00 Tlaltelulco, Acxotla del Monte, de tratamiento de aguas residuales Cuaxinca, Teolocholco -
Connecting North America for Prosperity and Security
20 Annual 17 Report CONNECTING NORTH AMERICA FOR PROSPERITY AND SECURITY KANSAS CITY SOUTHERN Kansas City Southern is a transportation holding company with two primary subsidiaries. The Kansas City Southern Railway Company is one of seven Class I railroads operating in the United States. Kansas City Southern de México, S.A. de C.V. is one of two large regional railroads in Mexico. KCS also owns 50% of the Panama Canal Railway Company in Panama. The combined North American rail network comprises approximately 6,700 route miles that link commercial and industrial markets in the United States and Mexico. 2017202 02017202 0 17 7FINANCIAL FINANCIALF INN ANA N CCIALA HIGHLIGHTSL HHIGHLIGHTSIGG HLH L IGG H TST In millions, except share and per share amounts. Years ended December 31. 2017 2016 2015 2014 OPERATIONS Revenues $ 2,582.9 $ 2,334.2 $ 2,418.8 $ 2,577.1 Operating income 921.6 818.5 803.8 809.1 Net income attributable to Kansas City Southern and subsidiaries 962.0 478.1 483.5 502.6 PER COMMON SHARE Earnings per diluted share $ 9.16 $ 4.43 $ 4.40 $ 4.55 CLOSING STOCK PRICE RANGES Common - High $ 113.44 $ 99.47 $ 120.42 $ 125.88 Common - Low 80.82 64.35 70.01 91.12 4% Non-Cumulative Preferred - High 29.50 28.99 28.85 29.00 4% Non-Cumulative Preferred - Low 26.75 25.40 25.25 24.15 FINANCIAL CONDITION Total assets $ 9,198.7 $ 8,817.5 $ 8,341.0 $ 7,976.4 Total debt, including short-term borrowings 2,619.4 2,478.2 2,401.1 2,301.4 Total stockholders’ equity 4,548.9 4,089.9 3,914.3 3,755.5 Total equity 4,865.4 4,404.5 4,224.7 4,064.1 COMMON STOCKHOLDER INFORMATION AT YEAR END Stockholders of record 2,141 2,233 2,289 2,512 Shares outstanding (in thousands) 103,037 106,607 108,461 110,392 Average diluted shares outstanding (in thousands) 105,040 107,761 109,915 110,433 LETTER TO OUR By almost any standard, 2017 was one of the best years in STOCKHOLDERS Kansas City Southern’s (“KCS”or“the Company”) 130-year history.