Mexican Railway System – An Overview
Mexikanisches Eisenbahnsystem – Ein Überblick
Bahnsystemkolloquium – TU Dresden 19.11.2020 Dresden, Germany Fernández Bobadilla Héctor Alberto M. Eng. Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Outlook
I. Background of the SFM.*
II. Railway Freight Transport.
III. Railway Passenger Transport.
IV. Railway Safety and Security.
V. International Overview.
VI. Work and Perspectives at ARTF.**
*Sistema Ferroviario Mexicano – Mexican Railway System. **Agencia Reguladora del Transporte Ferroviario – Railway Transportation Regulatory Agency.
2 Background of the SFM
Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Origins of the Mexican Railway (I)
▪ 1837: President Anastasio Bustamante granted the first concession to Francisco Arrillaga to build the first railway line between Mexico City and Veracruz Port. (The rail was not built).
▪ 1864: Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico and the Imperial Mexican Railway Company began construction of the Mexico-Veracruz railway line.
▪ 1873: President Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada Ferrocarril Mexicano, 1873 inaugurated the „Ferrocarril Mexicano“ (Mexican Railway), which was the first railway to run in Mexico.
▪ 1876-1911: President Porfirio Díaz encouraged the massive construction of railway lines through the country via subsidies and concessions to national and international companies. 1876: 398 [mi] (640.5 [km]) 1910: 15 360 [mi] (24 719.5 [km])
▪ 1909: Creation of „Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México (FNM)“ (National Railways of Mexico), a new government corporation to control and manage the rail Emperor Maximilian I President Porfirio Díaz lines with a majority of a share ownership. of Mexico 5 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Origins of the Mexican Railway (II)
Total Year of Railway Line From To Length Inauguration [km] Veracruz (through Ferrocarril Mexicano Mexico City 470 1873 Orizaba)
Ferrocarril de Sonora Hermosillo Nogales (US Border) 422 1881
Ferrocarril Central Ciudad Juárez (US Mexico City 3515 1884 Mexicano Border) Nuevo Laredo (US Ferrocarril Nacional Mexico City 1715 1888 Border) Piedras Negras (US Ferrocarril Internacional Durango 1456 1892 Border) Veracruz (through Ferrocarril Interoceánico Mexico City 817 1892 Xalapa)
San Jerónimo Tapachula (Guatemala Ferrocarril Panamericano 458 1908 Tehuantepec Border)
Ferrocarril Sud-Pacífico de Guadalajara Nogales (US Border) 1483 1927 México
6 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Nationalization of the Mexican Railway
▪ Railways played a very important role in the Mexican Revolution (1910-1935).
▪ The railways lines transported rebel soldiers to the battle and the railway vehicles were used several times as moving headquarters of the revolutionary leaders. Mexican Revolutionary Soldiers on a Train ▪ During this period, the railways greatly suffered from neglect, damages and lack of maintenance.
▪ On June 13, 1937, short after the end of the hostilities, the Mexican Railway was nationalized under Mexican President Lázaro Cárdenas´ mandate.
▪ FNM operated the whole Mexican Railway System from 1938 to 1996. Nationalization of the Mexican Railways by President Lázaro Cárdenas, 1937 7 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Concession (Privatization) of the Mexican Railway
▪ To 1991, FNM („Ferronales“) has achieved an operative deficit of US $ 552 millions.
▪ The tracks were in a poor state because of lack of maintenance; the service was slow, inefficient and there were frequent interruptions.
▪ On March 2, 1995 President Ernesto Zedillo signed the President Ernesto Zedillo Reform to the Article 28° of the Mexican Constitution, which allowed the participation of private companies in the railway sector.
▪ In 1996 the railway network was divided into concession lines. The two biggest railway concessionaries in Mexico (Grupo Mexico and Kansas City Southern de Mexico, KCSM) assumed control of most of the network´s length.
▪ As part of the privatization, FNM suspended passenger rail service in 1997.
8
Concessionaire and Assignee of the SFM Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Mexican Railway System
▪ Total Length of Railway Lines: 26 914 [km] o Lines in operation: 23 547 [km] (87.49%) − Main Line: 17 250 [km] − Secondary Line: 3950 [km] Total Area: − Private Line: 2347 [km] 1 972 550 [km²] o Lines out of operation: 3367 [km] (12.51%) Total Length of Railway lines: 26 914 [km]
→ ퟎ. ퟎퟏퟒ [km of railway line / km²] ▪ Nine Concessionaire and Assignee Companies:
o Ferromex (FXE): 3 lines, 8130 [km] (46.90%) o Kansas City Southern de México (KCSM): 1 main line, 4312 [km] (24.87%) o Ferrosur: 2 lines, 1823 [km] (10.52%) o Ferrocarril del Istmo de Tehuantepec (FIT): 3 lines, 1926 [km] (11.11%) o Linea Coahuila-Durango (LCD): 1 short line, 763 [km] (4.40%) Total Area: o Ferrocarril y Terminal del Valle de México (FTVM): 302 [km] (1.74%) 357 582 [km²] o ADMICARGA: 1 short line, 71 km (0.41%) Total Length of Railway lines: o Tren Turístico Puebla-Cholula: 1 touristic line, 8 km (0.05%) 33 423 [km]
o Ferrocarriles Suburbanos: Only operation, no concession line → ퟎ. ퟎퟗퟑ [km of railway line / km²]
11 Railway Freight Transport Kapitel_1 Kapitel_2 Kapitel_3 Kapitel_4 Kapitel_5 Kapitel_6 Main Points
▪ From 2009 to 2019 the total tons of railway freight has grown in 38.6% and the number of ton-km has also increased in 28.7% 2009: 90.3 × 106 푡표푛 , 69 185 × 106 푡표푛 − 푘푚 2019: 125.2 × 106 푡표푛 , 89 049 × 106 푡표푛 − 푘푚
▪ In the last decade (2009-2019) the distribution of the railway freight was: o Industrial Products: 47.3 % o Agricultural Products: 25.2 % o Mineral Products: 12.8 % o Oil and derivate: 8.6 % o Others: 6.1 %
▪ The main railway export in 2019 was motor vehicles: 4.7 × 106 푡표푛 . This corresponds with an increment of 461.7% in the last decade.
▪ The main railway import in 2019 was corn: 10.5 × 106 푡표푛 . This corresponds with an increment of 156.1% in six years.
▪ In 2019 the railway transported 12.8% of the total freight, considering air, road, railway and maritime modes.
Mehr Eisenbahn wagen! 13 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Railway Freight Network
14 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions
Evolution of the Railway Freight (2009-2019)
128,0 126,9
135 125,2
130 122,0 118,5
125 115,5 111,9
120 111,6 Net Tons 108,4
115 104,6 ▪ Positive tendency in a decade. 110 105 ▪ 2009-2019: + 38.6% 100
90,3 ▪ 2018-2019: - 2.2% Net Tons (millions) Tons Net 95 90
85 89.049
80 87.924 86.316
90.000 84.683
82.712
79.855 79.728
85.000 79.353
78.770 77.717
80.000 Net Ton-km
km (millions) km 75.000 - ▪ Positive tendency in a decade. 69.185 ▪ 2009-2019: + 28.7%
70.000 Net Ton Net ▪ 2018-2019: + 1.3% 65.000
60.000
15 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Freight Distribution per Concessionaire / Assignee 2019
Ferromex and KCSM concentrate 83.2% of the tons and 90.1% of the ton-km of the total railway freight in the SFM.
Net Tons 2019 Net Ton-km 2019
KCSM 44,2 mill. de ton. KCSM 30.160,2 mill. de ton-km Ferrosur 15,0 mill. de ton. Ferrosur Ferromex 7.253,4 mill. de ton-km Ferromex LCD 50.094,9 mill. de ton-km 59,9 mill. de ton. 3,1 mill. de ton. LCD 793,3 mill. de ton-km Ferrovalle 2,2 mill. de ton. Ferrovalle FIT FIT 74,9 mill. de ton-km Admicarga 0,6 mill. de ton. Admicarga 669,6 mill. de ton-km 0,1 mill. de ton. 3,0 mill. de ton-km
16 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Evolution of the Foreign and Domestic Trade Freight (I)
70
60
50
40
30 Tons (millions) Tons
20
10
0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
ImportacionesImportation ExportacionesExportation ComercioLocal Trade Interior
Total Moved Freight in 2019: 125.2 million tons Foreign Trade Freight: 88.3 million tons (70.5%) Increase of 75.5% in Foreign - Exportation: 22.3 million tons Trade Freight since 2013! - Importation: 66.0 million tons Local Trade Freight: 36.9 million tons (29.5%)
17 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Evolution of the Foreign and Domestic Trade Freight (II)
Local vs. Foreign Trade Freight Exportation vs. Importation
2019 29,5 70,5 2019 74,8 25,2
2018 28,5 71,5 2018 73,4 26,6
2017 37,1 62,9 2017 76,7 23,3
2016 34,5 65,5 2016 76,6 23,4
2015 38,5 61,5 2015 75,3 24,8
2014 53,1 46,9 2014 76,3 23,7
2013 55,0 45,0 2013 75,2 24,8
2012 54,6 45,4 2012 81,0 19,0
2011 51,5 48,5 2011 82,0 18,0
2010 46,0 54,0 2010 83,9 16,1
2009 49,3 50,7 2009 88,0 12,0
0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 PERCENTAGE [%] PERCENTAGE [%] ImportacionesImportation ExportacionesExportation ComercioLocal Trade Interior ComercioForeign Exterior Trade 2009-2010: Local and Foreign Traffic balanced. Importations constitute the largest part of the 2011-2014: Preponderance of Local Traffic. railway freight traffic! 2015-2019: Two thirds of the freight is Foreign Traffic. Importations 2019: 66.0 million tons 74.8% of the Foreign Traffic Obvious preference to Foreign Trade! 52.7% of the total freight volume. 18 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Main Importation Products
12 Corn is the main importation product. 10 ▪ Corn alone constitutes 8 11.89% of the foreign trade cargo and 8.38% of the total 6 railway freight.
4 ▪ Corn importation volume is NET TONS NET (MILLIONS) almost twice as high as any other imported commodity 2 in the last decade! 2013: 4.1 million tons 0 2019: 10.5 million tons 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 → Increment of 156.1% → + 1.1 [mill. Ton / year] MaízCorn ContenedoresContainers FrijolSoybeans de soya ▪ 58.1% of the imported corn TrigoWheat comes from the US and Carbón mineral y bituminoso Mineral Coal enters through Nuevo Laredo LáminasSteel yand planchas iron deplates fierro y acero and Piedras Negras Borders.
19 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Main Exportation Products
Armed Motor Vehicles are the main exportation commodity. 5
2019: 4.7 million tons 2009: 0.8 million tons 4 → Increment of 461.7% → + 0.39 [mill. Ton / year] 3 ▪ 75.6% of the vehicle motor leave Mexico through land borders in Nuevo Laredo and 2
Piedras Negras, to the US. (MILLIONS) TONS NET
▪ The remaining 24.4% is 1 exported through borders in Ciudad Juárez and Nogales and through port in Veracruz, 0 Mazatlán and Altamira. 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
VehículosMotor automotores Vehicles armados CervezaBeer ▪ Since 2018 Beer has displaced Containers as the ContenedoresContainers LíquidoUnspecified inflamable Flammable no especificado Liquid second exportation product CementoCement FierroConstruction para construcción Iron with the highest mobilized volume.
20 Kapitel_1 Kapitel_2 Kapitel_3 Kapitel_4 Kapitel_5 Kapitel_6 Railway Freight Traffic Flow 2019
Mehr Eisenbahn wagen! 21 Kapitel_1 Kapitel_2 Kapitel_3 Kapitel_4 Kapitel_5 Kapitel_6 Modal Distribution of the Freight 2019
▪ In 2019 were mobilized in Mexico in total 980.9 million tons of freight. ▪ Main Modes of Transportation: Road, Sea, Rail, Air. ▪ The road mode concentrates the 56.3% of the freight. ▪ The railway mode has increased 140.3% in the period 1994-2019
600 0.1% 0,8 mill. de ton.
500
400
30.9% ) 302,9 mill. de ton.
300 millions 56.3% (
552 mill. ton. Tons
200
100 12.8% 125,2 mill. de ton.
0
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
AéreoAir CarreteroRoad FerroviarioRailway MarítimoSea
AirAéreo RoadCarretero FerroviarioRailway MarítimoSea
Mehr Eisenbahn wagen! 22 Kapitel_1 Kapitel_2 Kapitel_3 Kapitel_4 Kapitel_5 Kapitel_6 Railway vs. Road Freight Transportation 2019
▪ The road mode of transport concentrates three quarters of the ton-km movilized by land in Mexico during 2019.
300.000
250.000
200.000 25.6%
89.049 mill. de ton-km km (millions) km
- 150.000 Ton
100.000 74.4% 258.684 mill. de ton-km
50.000
0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
CarreteroRoad FerroviarioRail CarreteroRoad FerroviarioRail
Mehr Eisenbahn wagen! 23 Railway Passenger Transport Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Main Points
▪ In 2019 were mobilized 57.5 million passengers by rail in Mexico.
In 2019 DB moved 2 123 million passengers inside Germany and 150.7 million passengers more with DB Fernverkehr for a total of 2 603 million of passengers moved by rail*.
▪ Since 2008** the amount of passengers moved by rail increased in 545.1%.
▪ In 2019, the „Tren Suburbano“ (Suburban Train) mobilized 99.3% of the total of passengers in a line of just 27 km; the remaining 0.7% corresponds to the interurban and touristic trains.
▪ From 2018 to 2019 the number of passengers moved by train has reduced in 0.43%
▪ Considering the air, road, railway and sea modes of person transportation, the road transport moved 95.0% of the total passengers in México.
▪ Although the railway has increased its share of moved passengers from 1994 to 2019, in terms of passenger-km it has regressed with respect to 1994.
*According to Deutsche Bahn Konzern – Daten & Fakten 2019. **Tren Suburbano began operation on June 2, 2008. 25 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Railway Passenger Lines
26 Kapitel_1 Kapitel_2 Kapitel_3 Kapitel_4 Kapitel_5 Kapitel_6 Evolution of Passenger Transportation
Railway Concessionaire / Assignee Mode Tren Suburbano de la Zona Ferrocarriles Suburbanos S. ▪ Since the concession of the SFM, the Suburban Metropolitana del Valle de México A. de C. V. passenger rail service practically Tren Turístico Puebla-Cholula Estado de Puebla Tourist disappeared. Ferrocarril Chihuahua-Pacífico Ferrocarril Mexicano, S. A. de Interurban / (CHEPE) C. V. Tourist ▪ In 2019, the „Tren Suburbano“ Tren Tequila Express Estado de Jalisco Tourist mobilized 99.3% of the total of Tren de la Vía Corta Tijuana-Tecate Estado de Baja California Tourist passengers, while the remaining 0.7% corresponds to the interurban and touristic 70 trains. 2018 2019 60 ▪ Clearly a positive correlation between 2015 passenger and passenger-km. 2012 2017 50 2011 2016 ▪ From 2010 the relation between this 2010 2014 40 variables is approximately linear: more 2013
passengers and more runnings. (millions) Passengers 30 2009
▪ Since 2017 the grown rate has reduced; 20 from 2018 to 2019 there were a decrease. 2008 10 ▪ Tren Suburbano has reached the limit of its operative capacity. 0 0 500 1000 1500 Passenger-km (millions) Mehr Eisenbahn wagen! 27 Kapitel_1 Kapitel_2 Kapitel_3 Kapitel_4 Kapitel_5 Kapitel_6 Modal Distribution of Passengers 2019
▪ In 2019 were mobilized in Mexico in total 3927.8 million of passengers. ▪ Main Modes of Transportation: Road, Air, Rail, Sea. ▪ The road mode concentrates the 95.4% of the passengers. ▪ The railway mode has increased its share of passengers almost 700% in the period 1994-2019. 10000
1.5% 57,5 mill. de pas. 1000
100 95.4% 0.5% 3749 mill. pas. 19,9 mill. de pas.
10 Passengers (millions) Passengers
1 2.6% 101,4 mill. de pas.
0,1
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
AéreoAir CarreteroRoad FerroviarioRail MarítimoSea
AéreoAir CarreteroRoad FerroviarioRail MarítimoSea
Mehr Eisenbahn wagen! 28 Kapitel_1 Kapitel_2 Kapitel_3 Kapitel_4 Kapitel_5 Kapitel_6 Railway vs. Road Passenger Transportation
▪ The road clearly dominates the passenger transportation. ▪ In terms of passenger-km, rail has regressed with respect to 1994. ▪ It is because most of the travels today are done in short distances with the Tren Suburbano. 1.000.000
100.000
10.000 0.3% 99.7%
1.571 mill. de pas-km km (millions) km
535.699 mill. de pas-km -
1.000 Passenger
100
10
1
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
CarreteroRoad FerroviarioRail
CarreteroRoad FerroviarioRail
Mehr Eisenbahn wagen! 29 Railway Safety and Security Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Main Points
▪ In 2019 there were reported in Mexico a total of 14 114 safety and security events, of which: o 1 475 were reports on operative safety (10.45%) o 12 639 reports on public security events (89.55%)
▪ Sonora was the state with the largest number of reported events (considering both categories).
▪ Nuevo León was the state with the biggest number of railway accidents.
▪ Vehicle Hit by Train (45.4%), Derailments (34.5%) and Person Run Over (7.1%) were the most recurrent railway accidents in 2019.
▪ Tlaxcala was the state with the largest number of thefts.
▪ The most-theft commodities in 2019 were Auto parts and Grain and Seeds.
31 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Evolution of the Reports of Safety and Security Events
4000 3732 Operative Safety: 3652 3527 3417 3327 3397 3249 - Derailments 3135 3184 3000 2908 2878 - Collisions 2502 - Vehicle hit by Train - Person run over 2000
Reports - Etc.
1000 Public Security:
484
448
444
398
394 394
380
349
345
335 305 276 - Theft
0 - Vandalism 1T 2T 3T 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T 2017 2017 2017 2017 2018 2018 2018 2018 2019 2019 2019 2019 (Both, train and track)
OperativaOperative PúblicaPublic ▪ In general, roughly 90% of the reports corresponds to Public Security Events.
▪ In 2019 the number of Public Security Events shows a clear downward trend.
*T: Trimestre (Quarter) 32 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Distribution of Reports of Accidents, Thefts and Vandalism
33 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Accidents Distribution per Quarter and State 2018-2019
Atypical Mean Value
34 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Vehicles Hit by Train 2019
35 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Public Security Events 2018-2019
▪ In 2019 there were 12 639 reports on public 2700 132 security events: 144 100 2400 o 4 120 Theft (32.6%) 321 213 2100 159 o 8 519 Vandalism (67.4%)
1800 122 1500 97 ▪ The number of reports
on vandalism has
2505 Reports
1200 2445
2432 2195
2120 154 2077 decreased steadily 333 371 900 258 160 252 330 279
1654 since the 1Q 2019. 1464
600
948
781
743
724 724
704 679 300 669 ▪ The 3Q was the one 0 1Q 2018 2Q 2018 3Q 2018 4Q 2018 1Q 2019 2Q 2019 3Q 2019 4Q 2019 with the largest number of reports on Theft in Train in the last two RoboTheft a Trenin Train RoboTheft a inVía Track VandalismoVandalism al Trenin VandalismoVandalism en inVía Train Track years.
36 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Railway Freight Theft 2019
37 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Distribution of the Railway Freight Theft per Commodity
Construction Consumer Articles Material 11.08% 10.25%
Grains and Seeds Auto Parts 22.89% 33.77% Paper and Plastic Forage 5.34% 2.71%
Food (Industry) Others 6.75% 5.17% Fruits and Vegetables 2.05%
38 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Railway Blockades 2016-2019
55 50 45 ▪ Evolution of the reports of Railway 40 Blockades 2016-2019. 35 30
25 ▪ Railway Blockades affect severely the Reports 20 system, producing large economical 15 losses and discouraging the railway 10 5 transportation of goods.
0
1T 2016 1T 2016 2T 2016 3T 2016 4T 2017 1T 2017 2T 2017 3T 2017 4T 2018 1T 2018 2T 2018 3T 2018 4T 2019 1T 2019 2T 2019 3T 2019 4T 180 1Q 160 4Q 140 ▪ The blockades in Mexico have 3Q 120 2Q 1Q intensified during 2018-2019. 100
80 4Q 4Q ▪ Particularly the blockades of 1Q 4Q 60 1Q 2018 and 1Q 2019 were especially 3Q Number of Carriages Affected Carriages of Number 3Q 2Q important, because of their high 40 2Q 3Q duration. 20 2Q 0 1Q 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Hours of Blockade 2016 2017 2018 2019 39 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Railway Blockades 2019
40 International Overview Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Main Points
▪ In 2019 Mexico occupied the 10th position in the world in railway freight traffic.
▪ However, evaluated in terms of mobilized passengers, Mexico goes down to the 35th position.
▪ The railway vocation of North America (Canada, USA and Mexico) focuses on the freight transportation.
▪ Mexico keeps a ratio between Road and Rail traffic similar to countries like Canada, Germany and India.
42 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions International Railway Tendencies (I)
3.200.000
3007470 ▪ Countries with the highest 2.800.000
2602492,6 volume of mobilized railway 2.400.000 2364144 freight.
2.000.000
km [millions] km -
1.600.000 452.272,4
680012 413.500,0
283.345,2 ▪ China, Russia and the US Net Ton Net 1.200.000
89081,75 are the top 3 countries with 181845 800.000 119732 railway freight transportation. 400.000
0
Rusia EUA India Canadá Australia Kazajistán Ucrania Alemania México China ▪ Mexico holds the 10th position.
▪ Countries with the highest number of passenger 1.600.000 moved by rail. 1.400.000 1470660
1.200.000
1.157.174,00 km [millions] km - 1.000.000 ▪ China, India and Japan 446711 800.000
are the top 3 countries with 133589,3
54.987,0
89.964,0
66.476,4
77.892,5 100009 Passenger 600.000
railway passenger 400.000 32483 1571 transportation. 200.000
0
China India Japón Rusia Alemania Corea Francia Unido Reino Itailia EUA México ▪ Mexico descends to the 35th position.
43 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions International Railway Tendencies (II) ▪ Countries with the highest freight traffic: - Canada - Australia - Kazakhstan - Ukraine - Mexico
▪ Countries with the largest number of
moved passengers: km (millions) km - - Japan - South Korea - France
Freight Ton Freight - UK - Italy
Germany ▪ Countries in both categories: Mexico - China - Russia - India - US Passengers-km (millions) - Germany
44 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions International Modal Distribution
100
90 ▪ There is an obvious 80 predominance of the
70 road transportation around the world. 60
50 ▪ Mexico has a modal Percentage 40 distribution similar to countries like Germany, 30 India and Canada 20
10
México Alemania Europea Unión Rusia India Japón Francia Rusia Italia China Canadá
0 EUA
Mexico Japan France
US
Russia
UK Italy
Germany UE India
China Canada
FerroviarioRail Vías NabegablesInland Waterways interiores CarreteroRoad AéreoAir MarítimoSea DuctosPipelines
45 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions International Tendencies in Railway Freight Traffic
▪ In 2018 Germany mobilized 34.4% more ton-km than Mexico.
▪ In terms of net tons, the difference grows to 172%.
▪ Lower performance for Mexico: - Long distances - Low freight volume.
Net Tons Germany (thousands) Ton-km (millions) Kazakhstan
Freight Net Tons Country Local Trade Foreign The Mexican Railway System is [%] Trade [%] oriented to Foreign Trade! Mexico 28.5 71.5 Germany 67.9 32.1
46 Work and Perspectives at ARTF**
**Agencia Reguladora del Transporte Ferroviario – Railway Transportation Regulatory Agency. Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Creation of ARTF
▪ January 26, 2015: Reform to the Railway Service Regulatory Law (LRSF) for the creation of a Regulatory Agency for Railways.
▪ August 18, 2016: Creation of the „Agencia Reguladora del Transporte Ferroviario“ (ARTF) as an autonomous body of the Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes, SCT (Secretariat of Communications and Transportation).
▪ Technical, Operative and Management Capacities:
• Regulate, promote, and supervise the construction, operation exploitation and maintenance of the railway infrastructure. • Guarantee the interconnection of the General Communication Lines. • Determine the technical features and specifications of the rail lines and the railway service. • Establish the basis of the Pricing Regulation and guarantee the competitiveness. • Resolve conflicts between the Concessionaires / Assignees and the users of the SFM. • Issue sanctions and fines. • Perform studies, research and give recommendations on railway topics.
48 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Work and Publications
Statistical Railway Yearbook National System of Mexican Railway System Railway Indicators (SNIF) Security Report
Some Studies and Research:
▪ Mexican Railway System Atlas. ▪ Project Profile for the introduction of a mixed passenger-cargo scheme of railway operation in Xalapa and Nuevo León. ▪ Determination of the capacity of the existing infrastructure. ▪ Analysis on the expansion of the railway network based on the capacity research. ▪ Studies on the reactivation of disused and underutilized railway lines.
49 Introduction Predictive maintenance Suitable parameters Conclusions Current Railway Projects
▪ Tren Interurbano México – Toluca (not yet in operation - 2022) o Commuter Line o 58 km of line, 6 stations and 1.8 millions inhabitants benefited. o 230 000 passengers per day o Total trip time: 39 min. Max Speed: 160 km/h o First ETCS Level 2 in America
▪ Tren Maya (Mayan Train) o Mixed Scheme: Freight, Passengers and Touristic Train o 1554 km, 18 stations o Estimated cost: US $7.4 billion o Max Speed: 160 km/h o Estimated begin of Operation: 2023 o Rumors on ETCS Level 2
50 THANK YOU VERY MUCH Source: fotocommunity.de FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!
Institute of Railway and Transportation Engineering – University of Stuttgart
Héctor Alberto Fernández Bobadilla, M.Eng.
Address: Pfaffenwaldring 7, 70569 Stuttgart Telephone: 0711 685-66368, Telefax: 0711 685-66666 Email: [email protected] Homepage: www.uni-stuttgart.de/iev