The Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01)
Volume I: Executive Summary
R&F Development Sdn. Bhd. December, 2014
DR. NIK & ASSOCIATES SDN. BHD. No. 22 & 24, Jalan Wangsa Delima 6, Section 5, Pusat Bandar Wangsa Maju (KLSC), 53300 Kuala Lumpur. Tel.: 603 4145 8888 Fax.: 603 4145 8877 R&F TANJUNG PUTERI RECLAMATION AND MIXED DEVELOPMENT, JOHOR
DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Revision 01
Volume I: Executive Summary
December, 2014
R&F DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD. Suite 30.08, Level 12A, Menara MSC Cyberport, No. 5, Jalan Bukit Meldrum, 80300, Johor Bahru, Johor T 607-2213 463 F 607-2213 462
Prepared by:
DR. NIK & ASSOCIATES SDN. BHD. No. 22 & 24, Jalan Wangsa Delima 6, Seksyen 5, Pusat Bandar Wangsa Maju (KLSC), 53300 Kuala Lumpur T 603 4145 8888 F 603 4145 8877 Copyright © 2014 by DR. NIK AND ASSCOCIATES SDN. BHD. (DNASB)
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of DNASB. Contents
Chapter 1 1.1 Project Title 1 Introduction 1.2 Background 1 1.3 Project Chronology 1
1.4 Project Proponent 2
Chapter 2 2.0 Project Statement of Need 3
Project
Statement of Need
Chapter 3 3.1 Project Location 3 Project 3.2 General Site Description 3 3.2.1 Eastern Causeway Shoreline 3 Description 3.2.2 Western Causeway Shoreline 5 3.3 Project Concept 5
3.4 Project Components 5
3.5 Project Activities 6
3.5.1 Reclamation 6
3.5.2 Post Reclamation Activities 6
3.5.3 Topside Development 8 3.6 Project Options 8 3.7 Project Schedule 10
Executive Summary ES-i Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Chapter 4 4.1 Meteorology and Climate 10 Physical 4.2 Geology and Geotechnics 10 Existing 4.2.1 Soil Analysis 10 Environment 4.2.2 Slope Stability 11 4.3 Hydraulic Components 11 4.3.1 Waves 11 4.3.1.1 Eastern Straits of Johor 11 4.3.1.2 Western Straits of Johor 11 4.3.2 Currents 11 4.3.3 Sedimentation and Erosion 12 4.3.3.1 Eastern Straits of Johor 12 4.3.3.2 Western Straits of Johor 12 4.4 Hydrology 12 4.5 Water Quality 12 4.5.1 Results and Discussion 12 4.6 Air Quality 13 4.7 Noise 14 4.8 Sediment Quality 15 4.9 Land Use 15 4.10 Land Traffic 16 4.11 Marine Traffic 16 4.11.1 Existing Navigational Channels 16 4.11.2 Existing Marine Facilities and Utilisation 17 4.11.2.1 Pasir Gudang Port Limit Facilities 17 4.11.2.2 Johor Bahru Port Limit Facilities 17
Chapter 5 5.1 ESAs in Malaysia 17 Environmentally 5.2 ESAs in Singapore 17
Sensitive Areas
Chapter 6 6.1 Terrestrial Flora: Mangroves 20 6.1.1 Sungai Melayu 20 Existing 6.1.2 Sungai Stulang, Sungai Kuda, Sungai Tebrau, Biological Pulau Lokan and Sungai Permas 20
Environment 6.2 Terrestrial Fauna: Birds 20 6.3 Marine Fauna 20 6.3.1 Phytoplankton 20 6.3.2 Zooplankton 20 6.3.3 Macrobenthos 21 6.3.4 Other Marine Life 21
Executive Summary ES-ii Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Chapter 7 7.0 Existing Human and Health Environment 22 Existing Human and Health Environment
Chapter 8 8.1 Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan 25
Erosion and
Sediment
Control Plan
(ESCP)
Chapter 9 9.1 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for Potential Physical-Biological Environment 25
Impacts and
Mitigating
Measures on Physical
and Biological
Environment
Chapter 10 10.0 Predicted Impacts and Mitigation Measures for Human and Health Environment 35 10.1 Construction Stage 35
Impacts and 10.1.1 Impacts from Labour 35
Mitigating 10.1.2 Impacts from Livelihood 35
Measures on 10.1.3 Impacts from Safety 35
Human 10.1.4 Impacts from Tranquility and
Environment Aesthetics 35 10.1.5 Impacts from Construction and Operation of Workers’ Camps 35 10.2 Development on Newly-Reclaimed Land 36 10.2.1 Potential Impact on Employment 36 10.2.2 Potential Impact on Income and Revenue 36 10.2.3 Potential Impact on the Wider Multiplier Effects 36 10.2.4 Potential Impact on Demography, Housing and Other Services 36 10.2.5 Potential Socio-Cultural Impacts 36
Executive Summary ES-iii Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 10.2.6 Potential Health Impacts 37 10.2.6.1 Outbreak of Communicable Diseases 37 10.2.6.2 Motor Traffic Accidents 37
Chapter 11 11 Residual Impacts 37
Residual
Impacts
Chapter 12 12.1 Valuation of Costs and Benefits 37 Environmental 12.2 Overall Assessment 39
Economic
Evaluation
Chapter 13 13.0 Environmental Management Plan 39
Environmental
Management
Plan
Chapter 14 14.0 Conclusion 41
Conclusion
Executive Summary ES-iv Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Figures
Figure E1 Project Location Figure E2 Project Land Use Figure E3 Location of Environmentally Sensitive Areas Figure E4 The Zone of Impact and Settlements within 5-km Radius of the Proposed Project Site
Tables
Table E1 Project Chronology Table E2 Options of Reclamation Layout Table E3 Water Quality Stations Table E4 Air Quality Sampling Stations Table E5 Noise Sampling Stations Table E6 Sediment Quality Sampling Stations Table E7 Current Land Use within 5-km radius of the Study Area Table E8 ESAs in Malaysia within the Project Area Table E9 ESAs in Singapore Table E10 The Population Components Surveyed and Their Respective Sample Size Table E11 Ratings of Perceived Socio-Economic Advantages and Disadvantages Brought About by the Proposed Development (Percent Saying “Yes”) Table E12 Fishermen’s Perceived Impacts of Reclamation on Their Fishing Activities Table E13 Summary of Impacts Table E14 Potentially-Affected Environmental Services Table E15 Proposed Monitoring Programme
Executive Summary ES-v Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd.
Executive Summary
1. Introduction
1.1 Project Title
The title of the project assessed in this Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (DEIA) study is called “The Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor Bahru, Johor”. For brevity, it shall be referred to here as “the Proposed Project”.
1.2 Background
The Project Proponent of this proposed development is R&F Development Sdn. Bhd.—a subsidiary company of Guangzhou R&F Properties Co. Ltd. which is listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The company has over 20 years of experience in property development, mostly in China, and has been involved in building bungalows, high-rise office towers and five-star hotels.
Through R&F Development Sdn. Bhd., it became one of the first foreign developer to support the Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) for South Johor Economic Region (SJER) 2025. The proposed project is going to be developed on an area demarcated as "New Coastal Development" according to the CDP Johor with an overall acreage of 116.328 acres (47.1 hectares). Besides the utilisation of existing land, the project will also involve land reclamation works. The reclamation will be carried out on both sides of the Causeway and will cover an area of approximately 78.36 acres (31.71 hectares).
1.3 Project Chronology
The land title was obtained by R&F Development from the Johor state government in November 2013 and the project officially commenced on 15th April 2014 after receiving authority approvals. However, in June 2014, due to its close proximity to the Malaysia-Singapore international boundary, DOE Putrajaya decided that the Project Proponent needs to carry out
Executive Summary ES-1 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. DEIA and Hydraulic studies for approval by the Department of Environment (DOE) and Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID/JPS) respectively. Following which, on15th June 2014, the Project Proponent had voluntarily stopped the reclamation works. A summary of the project chronology is tabulated in Table E1.
Table E1 Project Chronology Date Event Nov 2013 Land Title Transferred to R&F Development Sdn. Bhd. 1st March 2014 Preliminary Site Assessment (PAT) was approved by DOE Johor. 15th April 2014 Reclamation commenced. April 2014 Sales Gallery Temporary Building Plan was approved. 2nd June 2014 Planning Permission (KML) for Plot 1 was approved. 2nd June 2014 Building’s Planning Permission (KMB) for Phase 1 was approved. June 2014 Building Plan for Phase 1 was approved. Meeting called by DOE Putrajaya on requirement of DEIA and Hydraulic studies 12th June 2014 for the proposed reclamation works. 12th June 2014 Appointment of DEIA and Hydraulic Consultant – Dr.Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 15th June 2014 Reclamation – Voluntary Stop Work (Pending for DEIA). 17th June 2014 Letter of Stop Work Order endorsed by DOE Putrajaya. 2nd July 2014 Project Proponent’s permit and advertising were approved. 3rd July 2014 Launching of Phase 1 by DYMM Tuanku Sultan of Johor. 7th July 2014 Submission of the DEIA Terms of Reference. Meeting with DOE on status update and mitigation measures that can be done 9th July 2014 during the temporary stop work period. 14th August 2014 DEIA TOR Panel Review Meeting. Focus Group Discussion with the affected stakeholders was held at Astaka 2nd October 2014 Padu. Public Dialogue for the DEIA study was held at Sangkar Kristal, Pasir Pelangi 3rd October 2014 Driving Range, Johor. 20th October 2014 Submission of DEIA Report to DOE Putrajaya. DEIA Panel Review Meeting held at DOE Putrajaya. A revised DEIA report is 17th November 2014 required for submission to reflect the latest reclaimed area. 12th December 2014 A revised DEIA report was submitted to DOE Putrajaya.
1.4 Project Proponent
The Project Proponent is R&F Development Sdn. Bhd. This Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (DEIA) Study has been carried out by Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd.
Executive Summary ES-2 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
2. Statement of Need
In general, the R&F Tanjung Puteri project is initiated to fulfil the following needs: i) As the southern gateway for the North-South Corridor; ii) To strengthen urban fabrication in line with SJER 2025; iii) To remake Johor Bahru into a world class waterfront city; iv) To improve the socio-economy of Johor Bahru; and v) To choreography the Johor Bahru skyline.
3. Project Description
3.1 Project Location
R&F Tanjung Puteri is located within the area of Tanjung Puteri, Johor, within walking distance to the new Johor Bahru Customs, Immigration and Quarantine Complex (CIQ). The acreage of the overall development is 116.445 acres which includes both the eastern and western sides of the Johor-Singapore Causeway. The proposed development on the eastern side of the Causeway is referred to here as “Plot 1”, while the western side is termed as “Plot 2” as seen in Figure E1.
3.2 General Site Description
The proposed project area straddles both sides of the Johor-Singapore Causeway and is further described as the following: i) Eastern Causeway Shoreline; and ii) Western Causeway Shoreline.
3.2.1 Eastern Causeway Shoreline
The eastern shoreline beside the proposed project site is mainly fortified with sea walls and rock revetment, some of which were seen to be damaged and in the process of collapsing. Further east adjacent to the Stulang Laut beach is a private jetty owned by the royal family of Johor, with a new fast-food restaurant on reclaimed land just beside it.
Most of the discharge from surface runoff normally flows through control outlets. Pockets of sandy beach are also found along the shoreline. Among the prominent buildings along this stretch are the Stulang Ferry terminal, Tanjung Puteri Condominium, Open University and The Zon Hotel.
Executive Summary ES-3 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Plot1a Johor Causeway Plot1b Puteri Tanjung Old CIQ Complex ) Plot 2b Plot Plot2b Tun Plot 2a Plot Boundary 1979 (JUPEM, Lanang MALAYSIA Sri Persiaran Bahru International Plot 1b Plot Johor Plot2a City Reclaimed Reclaimed Area Plot 1a Plot JB Waterfront JB Waterfront
Legend:
Figure E1 Figure Location Project
Executive Summary ES-4 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Patches of mangroves can also be seen coexisting with the development. There was a former Orang Asli settlement near the present The Zon Hotel, marked by the stilts left behind in the water. At the estuary of Sungai Tebrau and its tributary, Sungai Plentong there are still thriving mangroves. The proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri (for Plot 1) fronts two marine structures on the Singapore side, namely Woodlands Shell Depot Jetty and Woodlands Waterfront Jetty.
3.2.2 Western Causeway Shoreline
One of the main features adjacent to the proposed project is Sungai Segget, which is known as one of the dirtiest rivers in the country. It is undergoing a major transformation set by IRDA to turn the area into a new tourist attraction in the city. Starting from the western part ofthe proposed project is an abandoned shopping centre which was named “JB Waterfront City”.
Generally, most of the coastal shoreline at the western part of the causeway is being reclaimed to make way for various waterfront developments. Further west of the coastline is the development of an integrated waterfront project (Lido Boulevard) which is expected to complete in 2016. There is another main river that discharges out into Straits of Johor namely Sungai Chat. A tidal gate is located at the river mouth nearby the Harbour Master’s office complex.
Next to the development of Lido Boulevard is an on-going integrated seafront development named Country Garden Danga Bay which is projected to complete in 2017. Approximately 5-km further west is a marina for yachts and sailing boats spreading over a 10-acre site fronting the newly-reclaimed Iskandar Waterfront.
3.3 Project Concept
The development aims to create a marina-living lifestyle which is designed to be a showcase of hotels, offices, skyparks, shopping malls, clubhouses and luxury apartments, collectively known by the acronym and concept of “HOSPCA”. The overall development consists of approximately 116.45 acres (47.2 hectares) of an Integrated Marina Coastal Township with the easiest access to Singapore. The proposed project will become a new landmark in the Johor Bahru city centre.
3.4 Project Components
The proposed project will be divided into two main components which comprise of the following: i) Reclamation; and ii) Topside Development.
Executive Summary ES-5 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. The development involves the formation of two reclaimed plots of land with a total size of 78.368 acres (31.7 hectares). The layout plans for Plot 1a and Plot 2a are as in Figure E2. The proposed mixed development will be built on both existing lands (Plot 1b & 2b) and the newly- reclaimed lands of Plot 1a & 2a.
3.5 Project Activities
The main activities will be land reclamation and topside development on the reclaimed land and existing land.
3.5.1 Reclamation
The major reclamation activities that shall be carried out in implementing the proposed development comprise the following:
i) Pre-construction survey; ii) Installation of boundary marker buoy; iii) Installation of silt curtain; iv) Source and transportation of sand; v) Demolition of existing APMM Jetty; vi) Construction of perimeter bund and placement of reclamation fill; vii) Treatment of fill material; viii) Installation of Instrumentation; and ix) Construction of shore protection structures.
3.5.2 Post Reclamation Activities
Drainage: All rainfall and surface discharge will be directly discharged into the sea. For Plot 1, all surface runoff and rainfall within the development will be first discharged into the proposed 30 m water body before being discharged into the sea. The existing roadside drain along Jalan Sultan Ismail will be catered for by the proposed U-drain to discharge into the sea.
Sewage: Based on an estimation of 120,000 PE, the whole development is anticipated to be discharging up to 27,000 m3/day. The treatment of the proposed STP will comply with Class IIB of NWQS. The STP reserved area is enough and able to cater for the sewage treatment unit.
Electricity: It is estimated that the electrical load for the proposed project site (both plots) is approximately 76.3 MW. R&F Tanjung Puteri shall have one (1) unit of Main Intake Substations (PMU) located at the eastern side (Plot 1) and three (3) units of continuous Main Distribution Substations (PPU).
Telecommunication: There will be a total of 22 nos. of R2a and R1B telephone man hole complete with heavy duty cover (9 nos. at the western part and 13 nos. at the eastern part).
Executive Summary ES-6 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. K O T A T I N G G I
K U L A I J A Y A
(PTB 8966) PTB 20365
(20876) PTB 23171 PTB 23461
PTB 23457 J O H O R B A H R U PTB 23459 P O N T I A N LOKASI
PTB 23172
Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
APPROVED DATA TABULATION Project Components for Plot 1 Percentage Area APPROVED DATA TABULATION Component (%) (acre) Commercial and Serviced 83.33 46.784 Apartments Lots REZAB PARIT 6M Commercial, Offices, Hotel, and 16.67 12.262 Serviced Apartments Lots TNB Substation - 3.662
Reserve Road - 10.777 REZAB PARIT 6M 10.851ek 17M
1. 7M Open Space - 4.88 JALAN 30 METER (100') PROPOSED ROAD MEDIAN KERB TO BE EXTENDED
Project Components for Plot 2 12.039ek 4.921ek
Percentage Area 11.86M Component (%) (acre)
11.878ek 360M APPROVED DATA TABULATION Commercial and Serviced 75 23.502 APPROVED DATA TABULATION Apartments Lots 20M JALAN 30 METER (100') Commercial, Offices, Hotel, and 7.095 ek 25 6.085 JALAN 20 METER (66') Serviced Apartments Lots 20M Reserve Road - 1.659 12.262ek REZAB PARIT 12M Open Space - 6.210 KL 5.562ek
3.662ek
6.085ek
S E M P A D A N 3.291ek M A L A Y S I A
JALAN 20 METER (66') 10.502ek S I N G A P U R A
E 1
9.259ek W 1
>> Ke Singapura Source: R&F Development Sdn. Bhd. Figure E2 Project Land Use
Executive Summary ES-7 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
3.5.3 Topside Development
63% of the land use will be utilised for commercial units and serviced apartments. Other types of commercial, offices, hotel and serviced apartment lots will take up 15%. A total of 5.124 acres which is the equivalent of 7% of the overall development area is allocated for open spaces and recreational use.
3.6 Project Options
Three options for the reclamation layout were created. It was decided that Option 3 would be the best due to the modelled results showing lesser impact of maximum current speed for both eastern and western Straits of Johor. Table E2 explains the various reclamation layout options.
Table E2 Options of Reclamation Layout
Options Details Option 1
The proposed landform is designed as an island with a 30 m waterway between the mainland and the island. The distance of the farthest extent of the island from the Malaysia - Singapore boundary is about 100 m. The maximum current speed change shows the current speed will increase by nearly 100% in the channel and the impact crosses over the border for both Eastern and Western Straits of Johor.
Executive Summary ES-8 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Table E2 (cont’d) Options of Reclamation Layout
Options Details Option 2
The proposed landform is attached to the mainland. The distance of the farthest extent of the reclaimed land from the Malaysia - Singapore boundary is about 100 m. However, the maximum current speed change shows similar results with Option 1. Therefore, this landform was not selected.
Option 3
For Option 3, the farthest end of the landform from the Malaysia - Singapore boundary is about 290 m. The initial results show lesser impact of maximum current speed change for both Eastern and Western Straits of Johor. Thus, this option is opted to be the final reclamation configuration.
Executive Summary ES-9 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
3.7 Project Schedule
The reclamation works shall be done in 16 months concurrently for both Plots 1a and 2a. The topside development shall be completed in six (6) years for both eastern (Plot 1a and 1b) and western side (Plot 2a and 2b).
4. Existing Physical Environment
4.1 Meteorology and Climate
For the Eastern and Western Straits of Johor, winds from the north-eastern sector predominate during the Northeast Monsoon. Winds are primarily from the south to south-eastern sector during the Southwest Monsoon. Wind speeds can exceed 8 m/s during the monsoons.
The Project area is also characterised by high relative humidity and high temperature with little variation throughout the year. The relative humidity during daytime can reach up to more than 95% and usually drops to around 65% at dawn. The average temperature is around 27°C with a daily maximum of 34°C and daily minimum of 24°C.
4.2 Geology and Geotechnics
A geology and geotechnical study was undertaken to evaluate the subsurface soil/rock condition. The evaluation has encompassed determination of the soil profiles and corresponding design parameter for key geotechnical issues namely the stability of the reclaimed land and coastal protection structure. The following aspects are addressed in the DEIA: i) Assessment of the surficial geological description, including rock type, geological structures and weathering grades; ii) Interpretation of fieldworks and laboratory testing; iii) Evaluation of geotechnical data to obtain the design profile and design parameter; and iv) Geotechnical assessment on stability matters.
4.2.1 Soil Analysis
The exploration works involved in this investigation include a number of twenty-four (24) boreholes at the proposed project site (12 boreholes each at Plot 1 and Plot 2). Basically, the proposed site for Plot 1 and Plot 2 were underlaid by dense to very dense gravelly sand/silt and sandy gravel with SPT (Standard Penetration Test) blows from 20 to 50 blow/30 cm. No soft clay or compressibility material is encountered in Plot 1. While in Plot 2, a thin layer of 1.5 m depth of compressibility layer was encountered at BH11.
Executive Summary ES-10 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 4.2.2 Slope Stability
Construction of coastal structure will impose additional load to the existing seabed, thus expected to create instability. Therefore, analysis was conducted to determine the Factor of Safety (FOS) against the critical installation, namely slip circle and extrusion failure. The results obtained from the Geo-5 software have shown that the FOS acquired fulfil the requirements of FOS>1.5.
4.3 Hydraulic Components
4.3.1 Waves
The proposed project site is located in a wave-sheltered location and bounded by the landmasses of Malaysia and Singapore as well as islands around its vicinity. Offshore wave simulations were done for both eastern and western Straits of Johor.
4.3.1.1 Eastern Straits of Johor
Based on the existing condition, the highest wave height experienced at the proposed project site is from waves propagating from direction 90°N. Wave heights of up to 0.2 m can be experienced at the proposed project site.
4.3.1.2 Western Straits of Johor
It can be observed that the waves propagating from offshore enter the western Straits of Johor and reach the proposed project site with a highest wave height of 0.1 m from direction 240°N. Waves propagating from the other direction generally results in a wave height of less than 0.1 m at the proposed project site.
4.3.2 Currents
The current speeds around the Project site within the eastern Straits of Johor are generally sluggish i.e. less than 0.05 m/s. However, the current speeds around the Project site within the western Straits of Johor are slightly faster i.e. mean and maximum current speeds are up to 0.05 and 0.1 m/s respectively.
Executive Summary ES-11 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
4.3.3 Sedimentation and Erosion
4.3.3.1 Eastern Straits of Johor
Based on the existing condition, there are no significant changes in bed thickness around the Project site.
4.3.3.2 Western Straits of Johor
The bed level changes are generally small, below 0.01 m which is not significant.
4.4 Hydrology
The proposed project site is located nearby to Sungai Segget, Sungai Chat, Sungai Tebrau, Sungai Stulang and Sungai Latoh. Sungai Segget is the nearest river catchment to the proposed project site, with a catchment area of approximately 4.5 km2 and 4 km in length.
4.5 Water Quality
Twelve (12) sampling stations have been identified and portrayed as per Table E3 with baseline samples recorded for the marine and fresh/estuarine water quality. In-situ measurements of the physical parameters and sampling of water at each of these sampling stations were carried out on 26th and 27th June 2014; 12th, 26th, 27th, 28th August 2014 and 21st November 2014.
4.5.1 Results and Discussion
The water quality is highly affected by sewage discharges from Sungai Segget and Sungai Skudai, with combinations of N and P nutrients presenting risks of algal bloom which, if it were to happen, could pose toxicity issues such as those of the red tides off Sabah. This is something that should be looked out for due to the aqua-cultural activities in the straits. Extreme values of nutrients point to illegal discharges from desludging activities at a STP in the area.
Executive Summary ES-12 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Table E3 Water Quality Stations Type of Stations Coordinates Description Water WQ1 1° 29' 18.72" N, 103° 47' 44.54" E Estuarine River mouth of Sungai Tebrau 300 m to the south from Sungai WQ2 1° 28' 48.94" N, 103° 47' 29.47" E Saline Tebrau WQ3 1° 28' 36.95" N, 103° 48' 15.47" E Estuarine River mouth of Sungai Latoh WQ4 1° 28' 18.03" N, 103° 47' 5.48" E Estuarine River mouth of Sungai Stulang 200 m to the southwest from Sungai WQ5 1° 27' 43.25" N, 103° 46' 48.08" E Saline Stulang WQ6 1° 27' 18.47" N, 103° 46' 23.88" E Saline Near Plot 1a WQ7 1° 27' 21.35" N, 103° 45' 56.52" E Estuarine River mouth of Sungai Segget WQ8 1° 27' 6.41" N, 103° 46' 1.92" E Saline Near Plot 2a 200 m to the southwest from Sungai WQ9 1° 27' 3.44" N, 103° 44' 55.76" E Saline Segget WQ10 1° 27' 26.70" N, 103° 44' 21.92" E Estuarine River mouth of Sungai Chat 300 m to the southwest from Sungai WQ11 1° 27' 36.83" N, 103° 43' 45.49" E Saline Chat WQ12 1° 28' 11.93" N, 103° 42' 55.40" E Estuarine River mouth of Sungai Danga
4.6 Air Quality
The environmental air-quality monitoring was conducted around the proposed project site from 16th and 17th July; 4th, 5th, 6th, 12th, 13th, 25th and 26th September 2014. The nearest receptor within the proposed project site is the existing township area on the mainland at both plots. A total of six (6) stations, represented as “A1 to A6”, has been selected. The monitoring locations are shown in Table E4. The results show that the baseline data is good and well within the limits as required by the Malaysian Air Quality Guidelines.
Executive Summary ES-13 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E4 Air Quality Sampling Stations Malaysian Recommended Station Coordinates Location Environmental Air Quality Guidelines 1° 27' 45.16" N, A1 Near Kuarters Kastam Tanjung Puteri 103° 46' 21.85" E 1° 27' 22.81" N, Near Bangunan Foh Chong, Jalan A2 103° 45' 52.59" E Ibrahim 1° 27' 33.11" N 3 A3 Inside Plot 1a TSP :260 μg/m 103° 46' 18.65" E 3 SO2 :105 μg/m 1° 27' 21.07" N Near international boundary adjacent NO :320 μg/m3 A4 2 103° 46' 26.61" E to Plot 1a CO :35 μg/m3 1° 27' 17.00" N A5 Inside Plot 2a 103° 45' 50.40" E 1° 27' 3.85" N Near international boundary adjacent A6 103° 45' 52.78" E to Plot 2a
4.7 Noise
The noise baseline monitoring was conducted from 16th and 17th July; 4th, 5th, 6th, 12th, 13th, 25th and 26th September 2014. The locations of the noise sampling stations and the measurement parameters are summarised in Table E5. The overall results were within the guideline limits of 65 dBA (daytime) and 55 dBA (night-time).
Table E5 Noise Sampling Stations Measurement Station Coordinates Description Parameters 1° 27' 45.16" N, N1 Near Kuarters Kastam Tanjung Puteri 103° 46' 21.85" E 1° 27' 22.81" N, Near Bangunan Foh Chong, Jalan N2 103° 45' 52.59" E Ibrahim 1° 27' 33.11" N 15 minutes for each N3 Inside Plot 1a 103° 46' 18.65" E measurement for LAeq one in the day time (7am 1° 27' 21.07" N Near international boundary adjacent to N4 to 11pm) and one at 103° 46' 26.61" E Plot 1a night (11pm to 7am) 1° 27' 17.00" N N5 Inside Plot 2a 103° 45' 50.40" E 1° 27' 3.85" N Near international boundary adjacent to N6 103° 45' 52.78" E Plot 2a
Executive Summary ES-14 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 4.8 Sediment Quality
Sediment samples were collected at four stations within the Project area designated as SQ1 to SQ4. The locations of the sampling stations are shown in Table E6. Compared to the US EPA, the sediment is heavily polluted with Cu and Zn, moderately polluted with Ni and can be regarded as still non-polluted with respect to the other metals listed (Ar, Pb, Cd, and Cr).
Table E6 Sediment Quality Sampling Stations
Station Coordinates Description SQ1 1° 27' 42.94" N, 103° 46' 49.02" E 1.1 km to the Southwest from Sungai Stulang SQ2 1° 27' 19.99" N, 103° 46' 25.24" E Near Plot 1a SQ3 1° 27' 1.20" N, 103° 45' 46.99" E Near Plot 2a SQ4 1° 27' 0.45" N, 103° 45' 24.80" E 1.2 km to the Southwest from Sungai Segget
4.9 Land Use
The description of the land use of the study area refers to the area within the 5-km impact zone from the proposed development. The area surrounding the proposed project site displays a coherent land use pattern. In general, the land use pattern in the area is mainly residential, commercial and fully developed areas. The western part of the study area covers the new rapidly developing areas while the eastern part extends to the estuarine of Sungai Tebrau and Kampung Senibong. Table E7 tabulates the details of the current land use within 5-km impact zone of the study area. The total area of the 5-km study area is 4,525 hectare.
Table E7 Current Land Use within 5-km Radius of the Study Area No. Category Area (Ha) Percentage 1 Animal Husbandry Areas 10.33 0.23 2 Forest Land 126.47 2.80 3 Horticultural Lands 9.43 0.21 4 Idle Grassland 67.82 1.50 5 Others 67.32 1.49 6 Swamps, Marshland and wetland Forest 201.96 4.46 7 Transportation 155.85 3.44 8 Tree, Palm and Other Permanent Crops 35.27 0.78 9 Urban & Settlements 2749.15 60.75 10 Water Bodies 1101.41 24.34 Total 4525.00 100.00
Executive Summary ES-15 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
4.10 Land Traffic
The proposed development is located at the southern tip of Johor Bahru Central Business District (CBD) area, and divided by the Causeway into two sides. The western side of the proposed site is located at Jalan Persiaran Tun Sri Lanang or also known as Jalan Sultan Ismail, approximately 900 metres to the west of the Causeway and ends at the existing abandoned building (JB Waterfront City). The eastern side is located at Jalan Tanjung Puteri, also approximately 900 m to the east of the Causeway and ends nearby the signalised intersection of Jalan Lingkaran Dalam (Inner Ring Road).
Information on roadway traffic volumes and turning movements at key intersections, vehicular compositions, and road inventories as well as their carrying capacities have been gathered. These procedures are essential in order to assess the current traffic flow characteristics, the performance of the road network and intersections and roadway conditions in the road network system. The information is obtained through various forms of surveys as follow: i) Roadway classified volumetric counts; ii) Intersection classified turning movement counts; and iii) Road and intersection inventories.
4.11 Marine Traffic
This section describes the existing marine traffic conditions within the proposed project site. This marine traffic and navigational safety study also emphasizes the description of the existing navigational channel, and any other marine traffic which transits, berths or uses the navigable waters (and also the waters adjacent to the study area). The study covers reclamation activities, which takes into account factors and information which were available regarding: i) Existing navigational channels to the proposed site; ii) Existing marine facilities and utilisation; iii) Existing marine statistics; iv) Marine accident statistics; and v) Existing Port Operating Procedure.
4.11.1 Existing Navigational Channels
The proposed project site for Plot 1 is located at the east of the causeway within the Pasir Gudang port limit and can only be accessed by sea from the East of Straits of Johor. The distance from the pilot station at Pasir Gudang to Plot 1 is approximately 24 nautical miles.
As for the proposed project site for Plot 2, it is located at the west of the causeway within the Johor Bahru port limit and can only be accessed by sea from the west of Straits of Johor. The Johor Bahru port limit is the navigable water on the west Johor Strait that covers the narrow
Executive Summary ES-16 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. area between PTP and the Singapore port limit along the Johor coastline and the Malaysia/ Singapore boundary up to the causeway. The distance from the entrance of Johor Bahru Port Limit to Plot 2 is approximately 20 nautical miles.
4.11.2 Existing Marine Facilities and Utilisation
The existing marine facilities are divided into two categories which are as follows:
i) Pasir Gudang Port Limit Facilities; and ii) Johor Bahru Port Limit Facilities.
4.11.2.1 Pasir Gudang Port Limit Facilities
The eastern part of Straits of Johor namely the Pasir Gudang Port Limit comprises of Johor Port Terminal in Pasir Gudang and Tanjung Langsat Terminal in Tanjung Langsat. There are landing terminals for passenger ferries in Stulang Laut, Johor Bahru, Tanjung Pengelih Ferry terminal and also Belungkor Ferry Terminal in Sungai Belungkor.
4.11.2.2 Johor Bahru Port Limit Facilities
Marine facilities at the western part of Straits of Johor within the Johor Bahru PortLimit comprise of several marinas (Danga Bay and Puteri Harbour) and Puteri Harbour Ferry Terminal.
5. Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs)
5.1 ESAs in Malaysia
Several Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs) are found within the vicinity of the proposed project site. The ranks and distances between the proposed project site and the nearby ESA areas are tabulated in Table E8. The locations of the ESAs are depicted in Figure E3. The importance of the listed ESAs are extensively discussed in the following sections.
5.2 ESAs in Singapore
Since the proposed project site is located just 290 m from the Malaysia-Singapore International Boundary, Singapore’s Environmentally Sensitive Areas at the Straits of Johor have been analysed and are listed in Table E9. ESAs in Singapore generally cover recreation, wetlands, and aquaculture areas. The nearest ESA is the Woodlands Waterfront which is less than 1 km from the proposed project site. The locations of Singapore’s ESAs can be referred to in Figure E3.
Executive Summary ES-17 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Malaysia: 1. Aquaculture at 1 Plentong 2. Sg. Tebrau 3. Sg. Latoh 4. Sg. Stulang 5 2 5. Istana Tengku MALAYSIA Mahkota Johor 6. Stulang Laut Beach 7. Muzium Diraja Sultan Abu Bakar 3 8. Istana Bukit Serene 8 9. Lido Beach 10 10. Sg. Skudai 9 11. Sg. Danga 4 11 Johor Bahru 6 12. Aquaculture at Sg. Melayu 13. Sg. Melayu 7 13 12 14 14 20 19 21 15 14 22 16 18 23
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Singapore: 14. Lim Chu Kang Fish Farms 15. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve 16. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve Extension 17. Kranji Nature Park 18. Mangrove at Sg. Mandai Kechil 19. Mangrove at Admiralty Park 20. Woodlands Waterfront 21. Mangrove at Sg. Simpang 22. Mangrove at Pulau Seletar 23. Mangrove at Khatib Bongsu 24. Kitin Mudflat
Legend: Figure E3 Plot 1a Aquaculture Mangrove Seagrass Location of Environmentally Plot 1b Monument Site Forest Reserve Mudflat Sensitive Areas Plot 2a Recreational 5 km Buffer Tourism Plot 2b Reclaimed Area International Boundary (JUPEM, 1979)
Executive Summary ES-18 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E8 ESAs in Malaysia within the Project Area
ESA Rank ESA Location Distance (km)
Mangrove River mouth of Sungai Tebrau 3.97 Mangrove River mouth of Sungai Latoh 2.93 Mangrove River mouth of Sungai Stulang 1.79 Mangrove River mouth of Sungai Melayu 5.14 Aquaculture Kampung Sungai Melayu 5.03 Others Aquaculture Plentong 5.02 Monument Site Istana Tengku Mahkota Johor 2.94 Monument Site Muzium Diraja Sultan Abu Bakar 0.44 Monument Site Istana Bukit Serene 4.79 Recreational Stulang Laut Beach 1.34
ESA Location Distance (km) Table E9 ESAs in Singapore Pulau Seletar 9.54 Sungai Mandai Kechil 1.14 Mangrove Sungai Simpang 8.22 Khatib Bongsu 8.90 Mudflats Kitin Mudflats 10.11 Sungei Buloh Wetland 3.40 Woodlands Waterfront 0.98 Recreational Admiralty Park 1.24 Kranji Nature Park 3.20 Aquaculture Lim Chu Kang Fish Farm 3.54 Woodlands Waterfront Jetty 0.98 Shell Woodlands Jetty 0.9 Senoko Fishing Port 1.9 Jetty at Senoko Power Station 2.3 Marine Structure Jetty at Senoko City Gas 3.8 Sembawang Camp Jetty 4.5 Jetty at SAF Yacht Club 4.9 Port at Sembawang 5.9
Executive Summary ES-19 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 6. Existing Biological Environment
6.1 Terrestrial Flora: Mangroves
6.1.1 Sungai Melayu
The mangrove stands of Sungai Melayu are of better quality than those further to the west (such as at Sungai Tuan and Sungai Bahan). The flora survey recorded a total of 57 taxa in 43 genera from 32 families that involved 32 species of Exclusive mangrove species, 22 Non-exclusive mangrove species and 3 species of associate mangrove.
6.1.2 Sungai Stulang, Sungai Kuda, Sungai Tebrau, Pulau Lokan and Sungai Permas
A recent survey on August 2014 reported that the mangrove forest is very fertile despite the threat of contaminated debris and domestic waste. The species of Avicennia rumphiana and Rhizophora apiculate were seen as among the tallest trees with an estimated height of about 25 metres and host climbers of Dischidia nummularia, Finlaysonia obovata and Derris trifoliata. A total of 21 exclusive mangrove species can be recorded and the number is expected to increase if the survey is carried deeper into the forest.
6.2 Terrestrial Fauna: Birds
In total, there were 31 species of birds recorded from the study sites. All of them are categorised as of “Least Concern” in the IUCN Red List of Near Threatened Species (version 3.1), except for Milky Stork and Painted Stork, which are “Endangered” and “Near Threatened” respectively.
6.3 Marine Fauna
6.3.1 Phytoplankton
A total of 68 species of phytoplankton was recorded within the study area. These phytoplanktons species are mostly represented by the Bacillariophyta (22 genera), followed by dinoflagellates (3 genera; Pyrophyta), and diatom (1 genera; Chrysophyta).
6.3.2 Zooplankton
The highest abundance are copepods (1,077 ind/m3) recorded at Station ST6 which is located in close proximity to the causeway. Station 8 which is located nearer to the Sungai Tebrau river mouth recorded the second-highest abundance throughout the study area. Lower abundance of zooplanktons was spotted at the inshore and highly polluted area (ST2).
Executive Summary ES-20 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
6.3.3 Macrobenthos
A total of 3,293 individuals of macrobenthos from 11 different families was successfully sampled and identified. Polychaeta formed the most dominant taxa where this group alone represents 78.95% of all macrobenthos sampled within the study area. Molluska formed the second-largest group of 15.53% of the total individual sampled whilst Crustacea is the least dominant, forming only 5.51 % of the total individual sampled. Polychaetes, from the family Spionidae and Pilargidae, contribute to the high total number of individuals of this phylum, with counts of 2,328 and 223 individuals respectively.
6.3.4 Other Marine Life i) Shore-mangrove fauna
Only 12 macroinvertebrates are present with the Potamodidae, Cerithidea obtusa; Neritidae, Nerita sp. and the sesarmid crabs being among the most abundant species based on the number of invertebrates present and general observations on the habitat within the east and west of the causeway’s mangroves. ii) Dugongs
The results of the survey and available data showed that there were no records of dugong stranding within the 5-km radius from the proposed project site. Perhaps the nearest carcass found was in the area of Tanjung Langsat towards the main Sungai Johor estuarine system. The presence of dugong is closely related to the presence of Halophila and Halodules seagrass species and acceptable good water quality surrounding the Tanjung Langsat, Tanjung Surat, Sungai Lebam, and Sungai Shanti river estuaries. iii) Fish communities and Fisheries
The lists of fish species were recorded in the inshore area of Straits of Johor which is nearby the causeway, Sungai Plentong and Sungai Tebrau’s tributaries, as well as in the mangrove creeks of the project area. Field sampling data and information from local residents indicate that the downstream of Sungai Plentong and Sungai Tebrau is very poor in fishery resources. Among typical fish species present in the study area are the catfish species (Arius spp. and Plotosus spp.) and many smaller-sized fish species of no commercially important values.
The aquaculture activities at Straits of Johor mostly comprised the extensive bivalves (Perna varidis) cultures using raft and roping methods. All of the mariculture activities were encouraged by and under the technical assistance of the Fisheries Department.
Executive Summary ES-21 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 7. Existing Human and Health Environment
This section highlights the socio-economic profile of the local residents who will be impacted and to gauge their level of awareness and perception towards the impending project. Besides, this study also seeks to establish the level of social acceptability of the area with regards to the project. The latter is crucial in determining the smooth implementation of the proposed development. A specific study such as the current one shall have to rely on generated data collated from surveys. It involved a public opinion poll gathered through a questionnaire survey directed to both the affected fishing communities and the general public within the area of 5 km from the perimeter of the proposed project area (Figure E4). The questionnaire survey was directed towards a purposive sample of 392 respondents chosen randomly from among the household heads (representing the public), business operators, beach users and fishermen in the impacted zone (Table E10).
Table E10 The Population Components Surveyed and Their Respective Sample Size Fishermen: Public: Area No. Settlement No. Kampung Bakar Batu 13 Kim Peng Park 10 Kampung Senibong 10 Bukit Ungku Aziz 9 Sungai Temon 10 Wadi Hana 9 Total 33 Taman Abad 9 Business Operator: Taman Kebun Teh 8 Origin No. Taman Melodies 10 Taman Abad 5 Taman Sentosa 11 Taman Kebun Teh 3 Taman Seri Tebrau 10 Jalan Kebun Teh 1 Taman Seri Tebrau Jaya 8 Taman Melodies 2 Taman Pelangi 7 Bandaraya JB 18 Taman Serene 8 JB City Square 15 Taman Setulang Laut 10 Jalan Siu Chin 10 Kampung Setulang Laut 10 Persiaran Meldrum 14 Kampung Setulang Darat 9 Stulang Laut 14 Taman Pasir Pelangi 9 Total 82 Kampung Mohd. Amin 9 Beach User/Visitor: Flat Perumahn Yahya Awal 12 Location No. Kuarters RTM 8 Tanjung Puteri 5 Kuarters Ulu Air Molek 14 Johor Bahru 17 Taman Nong Chik 5 Larkin 10 Taman Kolam Air 7 Tmn. Merdeka 9 Kampung Jawa 4 Stulang Laut 19 Straits View 4 Total 60 Kampung Bakar Batu 2 Kampung Senibong 4 Taman Bakti 5 Taman Imigresen 6 Total 217 Grand total = 392 Source: Field data, 2014
Executive Summary ES-22 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Taman Imigresen
MALAYSIA Wadi Hana
Kim Teng Park Bukit Ungku Aziz
Johor Bahru
n M Johor
Legend: Plot 1a Plot 2b 5 km Buffer Plot 1b Reclaimed Area Plot 2a International Boundary (JUPEM, 1979)
Figure E4 The Zone of Impact and Settlements within -5 km Radius of the Proposed Project Site
Executive Summary ES-23 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
The study attempts to gauge the perceptions of the locals regarding the potential impacts of the project, particularly with regards to the various environmental components. Among the perceptions sought were the socio-economic advantages and disadvantages of the project as listed in Table E11.
Table E11 Ratings of Perceived Socio-Economic Advantages and Disadvantages Brought about by the Proposed Development (Percent Saying “Yes”) General Business Beach Perception Fishermen Public Operators Users Advantages: Employment opportunities to own h/hold 18.2 48.4 55.0 45.0 members Employment opportunities to local population 33.3 61.8 61.3 51.7 Improvement of basic amenities 81.8 100.0 100.0 86.7 Increased value of land/property 84.8 100.0 100.0 95.0 Increased standard of living 27.9 100.0 100.0 93.3 Increased business opportunities 48.5 100.0 100.0 66.7 Increased opportunity for property ownership 18.2 1.4 7.5 15.0 Increased international commerce 36.4 95.4 98.8 90.0 Disadvantages: Loss of employment 18.2 - - 11.7 Loss of source of income 60.6 - - 6.7 Shrinkage of fishing ground 97.0 91.7 91.3 93.3 Displaced - - - 3.3 Loss of property 18.2 - - 8.3 Probability of locals being marginalized 84.8 10.6 8.8 38.3 Source: Field data, 2014
A few questions pertaining to the fishermen’s perception of the impacts of reclamation on their fishing activities were also asked. The data show that they consensually perceived that reclamation activities would disturb their fishing activities, thus affecting their fishlanding, causing damage to fishing gears which would finally lead to increased cost of fishing (Table E12).
Perceived Impacts of Reclamation Percent Table E12 Disturb fishing activities 92.3 Fishermen’s Perceived Impacts of Reclamation on Their Fishing Affect fish landing 92.3 Activities Damage to fishing gears 84.6 Increased cost of fishing 100.0 Source: Field data, 2014
Executive Summary ES-24 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 8. Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan
Soil erosion and sedimentation are among the most crucial environmental impacts arising from a new development, especially one that is located near water bodies. Soil erosion is the process by which the land surface is worn by the action of wind, water or gravity. Sedimentation is the deposition of detached particulate matter that has been eroded or otherwise detached from its source (soil surface) and transported by flowing water (surface runoff). During construction, sediment basins and earth bunds are to be constructed at the proposed development.
Soil loss and sediment yield are calculated based on all parameters that have been discussed for the study area. It should be noted that the calculation is based on the development of Phase 1 only.
For the overall development, since the slope of the existing ground is very gentle due to the entire site being completed reclaimed land, the quantity of soil loss due to erosion and sediment is minimal and adequately controlled with the implementation of ESCP. The existing soil type mostly consists of coarse sand (reclaimed land) with high water permeability; therefore, soil erosion will be tremendously reduced due to the major portion of the rainfall infiltrating into ground rather than translated into surface runoff (major cause of soil erosion) across the soil surface.
9. Predicted Impacts and Mitigation Measures for Physical-Biological Environment
This chapter provides an assessment of predicted impacts that the proposed development will potentially have on the physical and biological environment as well as the appropriate mitigating measures that need to be implemented. A summary of impacts is listed in Table E13.
Executive Summary ES-25 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E13 Summary of Impacts Affected Environmental Project Activities Predicted Impacts Mitigation Measures Components 1. Sediment Dispersion Reclamation i) Installation of Silt Curtain and Degradation of Water Quality ■ Area: 78.36 acres i) Eastern Straits of Johor ■ Eastern Straits of Johor ■ Volume of Fill Material: 7,150,000 m3 The suspended sediment plume crosses the Malaysia-Singapore boundary. Plume with The suspended sediment plume will not cross the Malaysia-Singapore boundary. Plume ■ Duration: 16 months maximum excess concentration above 3, 5 and 10 mg/L disperses up to 2.4, 1.5 and 0.5 with mean and maximum excess concentration above 3 mg/L disperses up to 0.02 and km from the source respectively . 0.15 km from the source respectively. Reclamation activities:
Malaysia- ■ Malaysia- Construction of perimeter Singapore Singapore bunds; Boundary Boundary ■ Transportation of construction and fill materials; ■ Placement of fill material; and ■ Construction of coastal protection structures.
a) Mean Excess Concentration b) Maximum Excess Concentration a) Mean Excess Concentration b) Maximum Excess Concentration Mean and Maximum Excess Suspended Sediment Concentration due to Reclamation Activities at Eastern Straits Mean and Maximum Excess Suspended Sediment Concentration due to Reclamation Activities at Eastern of Johor (Uncontained Condition) Straits of Johor (with Silt Curtain)
ii) Western Straits of Johor ■ Western Straits of Johor
The suspended sediment plume crosses the boundary. A plume trail with maximum The suspended sediment plume is contained within the project area. Plume with mean excess concentration above 3, 5 and 10 mg/L disperses up to 1.8, 1.4 and 0.8 km from and maximum excess concentration above 3 mg/L disperses up to 0.02 and 0.1 km from the source respectively. the source respectively.
Malaysia- Malaysia- Singapore Singapore Boundary Boundary
a) Mean Excess Concentration b) Maximum Excess Concentration a) Mean Excess Concentration b) Maximum Excess Concentration Mean and Maximum Excess Suspended Sediment Concentration due to Reclamation Activities at Western Straits Mean and Maximum Excess Suspended Sediment Concentration due to Reclamation Activities at Western Straits of Johor (Uncontained Condition) of Johor (with Silt Curtain)
Executive Summary ES-26 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E13 (cont’d) Summary of Impacts Affected Environmental Project Activities Predicted Impacts Mitigation Measures Components i) Sediment Dispersion and Reclamation ii) Online Monitoring Degradation of Water Quality Online monitoring is one of the best methods to: cont’d.. ■ Detect any unexpected impacts at an early stage; ■ Establish the response necessary to address such impacts; and ■ Confirm that appropriate tolerance limits have been adopted.
iii) Perimeter Treatment
It is recommended that a perimeter bund be constructed to reduce the amount of fine material from being dispersed.
iii) Environmentally Sensitive Areas
The sediment dispersion from the reclamation is considered insignificant since the i) The implementation of silt curtain is required to cordon off the plumes from maximum excess concentration is only 5 mg/L. encroaching the ESAs.
Malaysia: 1. Aquaculture at Plentong 1 2. Sg. Tebrau 3. Sg. Latoh 4. Sg. Stulang MALAYSIA 5 2 5. Istana Tengku Tanjung Puteri MALAYSIA Mahkota Johor 6. Stulang Laut Beach 7. Muzium Diraja Sultan Abu Bakar 3 8. Istana Bukit Serene 8 9. Lido Beach 10 10. Sg. Skudai 9 11. Sg. Danga 4 Johor Bahru 11 Johor Bahru 6 12. Aquaculture at Sg. Melayu 13. Sg. Melayu 7 13 12 14 14 20 19 21 15 14 22 16 18 23
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Singapore: 14. Lim Chu Kang Fish Farms 15. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve Johor 16. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve Extension 17. Kranji Nature Park Causeway 18. Mangrove at Sg. Mandai Kechil 19. Mangrove at Admiralty Park 20. Woodlands Waterfront 21. Mangrove at Sg. Simpang 22. Mangrove at Pulau Seletar 23. Mangrove at Khatib Bongsu 24. Kitin Mudflat
Legend: Plot 1a Aquaculture Mangrove Seagrass Legend: Plot 1b Monument Site Forest Reserve Mudflat Plot 1a Plot 1b Plot 2a Plot 2b Online Monitoring Station Plot 2a Recreational 5 km Buffer Tourism Silt Curtain Reclaimed Area International Boundary (JUPEM, 1979) Plot 2b Reclaimed Area International Boundary (JUPEM, 1979) Location of Environmentally Sensitive Areas Online Monitoring Stations
Executive Summary ES-27 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E13 (cont’d) Summary of Impacts Affected Environmental Project Activities Predicted Impacts Mitigation Measures Components 2. Hydrodynamics Post-Reclamation i) Eastern Straits of Johor
■ Full development ■ With other committed developments The mean and maximum speeds for the pre-reclamation condition are The mean and maximum speeds for the pre-reclamation condition are relatively relatively very slow i.e. generally less than 0.02 and 0.08 m/s respectively. very slow i.e. generally less than 0.02 and 0.15 m/s respectively.
Malaysia-Singapore Malaysia-Singapore Boundary Boundary
a) Mean Current Speed b) Maximum Current Speed a) Mean Current Speed b) Maximum Current Speed
Mean and Maximum Current Speed Change in Eastern Straits of Johor : Pre-reclamation vs. Mean and Maximum Current Speed Change in Eastern Straits of Johor : Pre-reclamation vs.’ with 'with Project' Condition other committed Developments’ Condition
ii) Western Straits of Johor
■ Full development ■ With other committed developments No mitigation measures The current speed changes are relatively small with changes The mean and maximum speeds for the pre-reclamation condition are relatively required. below 0.05 m/s. The current speed at the Project site prior to very slow i.e. generally less than 0.06 and 0.15 m/s respectively.
development is below 0.05 m/s most of the time.
Malaysia-Singapore Malaysia-Singapore Boundary Boundary
a) Mean Current Speed b) Maximum Current Speed a) Mean Current Speed b) Maximum Current Speed Mean and Maximum Current Speed Change in Western Straits of Johor : Pre-reclamation vs. ‘with Mean and Maximum Current Speed Change in Western Straits of Johor : Pre-reclamation vs. other committed Developments’ Condition (Project Area) 'with Project' Condition
iii) Impacts of Current Speed Change on ESAs
The mean and maximum current speeds prior to Project implementation are generally less than 0.1 m/s. The changes in current speeds are generally deemed to have insignificant effect on navigation and sediment transport.
Executive Summary ES-28 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E13 (cont’d) Summary of Impacts Affected Environmental Project Activities Predicted Impacts Mitigation Measures Components 3. Waves Post-reclamation i) Eastern Straits of Johor
■ Full Development
There is insignificant wave height change when compared to the full development conditions.
Malaysia-Singapore Boundary
a) 90°N b) 120°N c) 150°N d) 180°N
Offshore Wave Simulations for Eastern Straits of Johor : ‘full development’ condition No mitigation measures required. ■ With other committed developments
There are no significant changes due to the presence of the committed developments except for waves propagating from 210 and 240oN.
Malaysia-Singapore Boundary
a) 90°N b) 120°N c) 150°N d) 180°N Offshore Wave Simulations for Eastern Straits of Johor : ‘With other committed Developments’ Condition
Executive Summary ES-29 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E13 (cont’d) Summary of Impacts Affected Environmental Project Activities Predicted Impacts Mitigation Measures Components 3. Waves Post-reclamation ii) Western Straits of Johor cont’d... ■ Full development
It can be observed that the waves are able to reach the Project site with wave heights of up to 0.1 m from 240°N.
Malaysia-Singapore Boundary
a) 150°N b) 180°N c) 210°N d) 240°N Offshore Wave Simulations for Western Straits of Johor : ‘full development’ condition
No mitigation measures required. ■ With other committed developments
There are no wave height changes along the coastline for incoming waves from 150 and 180°N. For waves propagating from 210 and 240°N, there is a wave height decrease of 0.05 m.
Malaysia-Singapore Boundary
a) 150°N b) 180°N c) 210°N d) 240°N Offshore Wave Simulations for Western Straits of Johor : ‘With Other Committed Developments’ Condition
iii) Impacts of Waves on ESAs
There are no significant changes in wave height along the eastern Straits of Johor after development. No mitigation measures required. For the ‘With other committed Developments’ condition, the wave heights are generally relatively lower compared to the ‘full development’ condition at most of the extraction points (less than 50%).
Executive Summary ES-30 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E13 (cont’d) Summary of Impacts Affected Environmental Project Activities Predicted Impacts Mitigation Measures Components 4. Sedimentation Post-reclamation i) Full development and Erosion There is no significant change in sedimentation and erosion pattern in the vicinity of the Project site for both eastern and western Straits of Johor.
ii) With other committed developments No mitigation measures required.
The bed level changes due to the presence of the committed developments together with the Project are very small i.e. less than 0.05 m/yr in both eastern and western Straits of Johor. iii) Impacts of Sediment Transport on ESAs Monitoring of Bed Level Changes
■ There is no significant impact on sedimentation and erosion at the ESAs; and Periodic bathymetric and nearshore surveys need to be conducted to assess nearshore and bed level change ■ Bed level changes due to the development show no significant changes. during and after development. The report for each survey shall be submitted to the Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID/JPS). 5. Water Quality Post-reclamation i) Surface run-off from construction sites may contain increased loads of suspended i) Silt curtain from the reclamation activities will remain as per during the construction stage of the solids (SS) and other contaminants. However, since the reclamation site is made up development; of good sand which consists of a very low percentage of silt, the water quality will ii) Oil and grease must be properly stored with provisions of a containment structure with the capacity of not be impacted; 110% size of skid tanks; ii) ii) A maintenance workshop will be set up during construction works. Oil and grease iii) Temporary drainage systems and appropriately sized and located silt traps shall be constructed; will increase and reduce the photosynthetic efficiency in the water bodies. Thus, iv) Sediment and erosion control as proposed in Chapter 8: Erosion and Sediment Control Plan (ESCP) must the biological productivity will be greatly decreased; and be followed; iii) iii) Concrete spillage from the construction activities may be washed off into the v) A bund or retention wall should be constructed around the disposal ground; waterways. Concrete may consist of chemicals that can deteriorate the water vi) Temporary toilets should be provided; and quality. vii) Scheduled wastes shall be kept in proper drums and placed in a suitable storage area. 6. Air Quality Reclamation Fill materials shall be transported via barges and shall not involve land traffic. Therefore, No mitigation measures required airborne dust during these activities is not foreseen and shall not create any significant impacts towards the surrounding area. Post-reclamation Possible adverse effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) on human health due to i) Wind fences should be provided to reduce wind velocity and allow the settling of larger dust particles; traffic exhaust emissions like diesel exhaust. ii) The use of water is recommended in areas where bulk earthworks have been or are being conducted; iii) Standard dust abatement procedures like water spray should be carried out regularly; and iv) Wheels and undercarriage washing facilities should be installed. 7. Noise Reclamation Noise from reclamation activities will be associated with the treatment, compaction and No mitigation measures required ground improvement. Since the proposed area is within the bustling city centre, it is likely that overall noise impacts will not be significant Post-reclamation Construction activities may exert excessive noise levels which can affect the tranquillity i) Restricting noisy construction activities to between 0700 hours to 2000 hours only; of the existing environment. The noise produced could be either continuous or ii) Piling works must be avoided after 7 p.m. to avoid creating a public nuisance; intermittent. iii) Special permission must be obtained if activities are intended to be carried out outside the normal working hours; and iv) Proper maintenance of the diesel engines on site to prevent extensive noise from faulty machineries.
Executive Summary ES-31 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E13 (cont’d) Summary of Impacts Affected Environmental Project Activities Predicted Impacts Mitigation Measures Components 8. Biological Reclamation Aquatic Communities Components and i) There will be a total loss of macrobenthic organisms once the area is reclaimed; i) Oil Spill Prevention and Response Plan should be formulated; Environmental ii) The reclamation works will lead to high turbidity, resulting in low levels of ii) All construction material should be fastened securely to the vessels on which they are carried; and Sensitive Areas transmitted light and can negatively affect the light-dependent organisms; and iii) Clauses specifying the environmental concerns be included in the contract to ensure that contractors iii) There is a chance of spillage of oil, chemicals and other pollutants into the sea. make the necessary efforts. These pollutants can cause harm to the aquatic communities within the study area. Reclamation Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs) i) High levels of TSS and turbidity can potentially harm the aquaculture activities. i) The concentration of dispersed sediment from the reclamation is regarded as low. ii) An increase of wave height might affect the stability of the aquaculture’s structure ii) No impact of wave height where it decreases about 0.04 m. iii) There is no net increase or decrease in current speeds towards the shoreline or any of the nearby ESAs. 9. Marine Traffic Reclamation i) Physical impediments may be caused by the construction work and the movement i) Strict compliance with Rules and Regulations with Conventions of the International Maritime of working vessels; Organization (IMO), International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs); ii) Shoals of fish may be temporarily dissipated by the construction of marine works; ii) All marine traffic arrivals, movements and departures of all vessels (barges and tugboats) should be and reported to the Johor Port Control; iii) There will be risk of drift nets (from fishing activities) fouling the marine structures iii) Fishermen should be informed in advance prior to the execution of the reclamation works; and any temporary structures. iv) All vessels involved with the project may need to be vetted by inspectors from the Marine Department; and v) The additional marine traffic generated by the construction work will need to be closely monitored by the authorities.
10. Waste Generation Post Reclamation i) i) Some of the waste materials may contain hazardous substances; i) As for scheduled wastes, a licensed contractor should be engaged by the Proponent; ii) ii) Sewage effluents will be generated from the workers’ camp and on-site ii) The treated effluents discharged to the environment must adhere to the Environmental Quality construction office; (Sewage) Regulation 2009 (EQ(S)R, 2009); iii) iii) Improper toilet sanitary facilities can cause direct sewage discharge into earth iii) Provide a sufficient number of mobile toilets and treatment units at the workers’ camp; drains that flow into the sea; and iv) All the provided mobile toilets and treatment units must comply with specifications stipulated by the iv) iv) Direct discharge of untreated sewage could be harmful to water quality. Ministry of Health (MOH) and National Water Services Commission (SPAN); v) The disposal of wastes must be handled by a licensed commercial garbage collector; and vi) All construction wastes should be collected and stored at the designated area prior to disposal.
Post Reclamation i) Direct discharge of wastewater into the marine outfall with little or no treatment i) The proposed STP designed for the development should be centrally treated by an integrated system (During Operation) results in the receiving water bodies (coastal waters) being polluted; approved by the Department of Sewerage Services (JPP). The treatment facility shall be capable of ii) Development on the new land, particularly residential and commercial activities, continuously treating the sewage under Class IIB of NWQS; would certainly produce wastes (sullage and solid waste); and ii) Municipal solid wastes generated from offices and other possible community uses will be segregated; iii) Uncollected solid waste can be easily washed out into the coastal waters, mostly iii) Solid wastes will be disposed of at a nearby landfill in the Johor Bahru area; during rainy days. iv) The occupants must be informed of and be fully aware that open burning is illegal; v) Scheduled waste management must properly adhere to procedures as in the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulation 2005, EQ(SW)R 2005; vi) The private waste collectors must ensure that the waste load will be dumped at a properly-operated waste disposal or landfill site; and vii) The waste collection frequency can be reduced by composting putrescible wastes, which consequently can reduce waste collection costs.
Executive Summary ES-32 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E13 (cont’d) Summary of Impacts Affected Environmental Project Activities Predicted Impacts Mitigation Measures Components 11. Structural Post Reclamation The proposed development will insignificantly impact the integrity of the pier structure No mitigation is required. Integrity of the nearby jetties. 12. Land Traffic Post Reclamation Traffic dispersal from the new land would add a significant volume of traffic tothe i) Key Roadways and Intersections Operating Conditions current road system. The proposed key intersections within the proposed development warrant proper traffic facilities to be The lowest Level of Service (LOS) is located at Jalan Sultan Ibrahim (RW7) which is provided so as to maintain future traffic flows at a satisfactory level. From the traffic analysis throughout recommended to be upgraded to 2-lane dual carriageway standard. the forecasted years considering the impact of the proposed development, most of the external intersections under study are expected to be able to satisfactorily cater for future traffic with the existing traffic control system.
ii) Internal Traffic Circulation System
The traffic circulation system within the serviced apartments and commercial areas of each development plot will be of a one‐way flow operation to provide smooth progression within the buildings’ area.
iii) Public Transport System
A regular shuttle service for the community travelling between JB Sentral to/from the Plot 1 development area shall be planned.
13. Viewscape Post Reclamation Buildings and high rise from the proposed development may block the viewscape from the existing buildings and high rise.
Listing of Nearest High-Rise Impacted Building
Distance from Height of Sight from No. Name Proposed Site Type Mean Sea Level (m) (km) No mitigation is required. 1 Menara Tabung Haji 60 0.6 Office Shopping 2 Johor Bahru City Square 75 0.5 complex 3 Grand BlueWave Hotel 60 0.1 Hotel
Viewscape from Hotel Grand BlueWave Johor Bahru Viewscape from Menara Tabung Haji Viewscape from Johor Bahru City Square
Executive Summary ES-33 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E13 (cont’d) Summary of Impacts Affected Environmental Project Activities Predicted Impacts Mitigation Measures Components 14. Project i) Provisional i) Temporary closure of reclamation-related and construction activities with the intent i) All construction machineries and equipments as well as vessels should be moved out from the project Abandonment Closure of resuming activities in the future; and site; ii) Design failures, financial challenges and extreme climatic conditions may cause ii) Unstable construction structures and solid wastes should be appropriately removed and disposed of to temporary halt in reclamation-related activities and works. make the site secure and stable; iii) The project site will be a restricted area for the public to access; iv) All necessary safety signage should be put up at strategic places and should be clearly visible to the fishermen and other marine users, especially during night-time; v) Sufficient notice of the abandonment plan should be given to the marine users such as the fishing community and tourism sector that use the coastal waters; and vi) Marked marine routes within the project site should be installed to facilitate the marine users. ii) Permanent There is no intent to resume reclamation activities as well as the construction ofits i) The Project Proponent should notify the Marine Department to inform the mariners about the Closure topside development and the partially-created land will remain as it is. abandoned reclaimed land; ii) All permanent structures that could not be kept safe should be removed or demolished to avoid accidental hazards and risks to the physical safety of the fishermen and the public; iii) Construction waste and wastes resulting from the demolition of structures should be transported away and disposed of at designated dumpsites; iv) Construction of perimeter bund should be fully completed. Any damages to the perimeter bund should be repaired so that the fill material will not be displaced and subsequently degrading the surrounding water quality; and v) Any bare, exposed ground should be protected from surface erosion by turfing and re-vegetation.
Executive Summary ES-34 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
10. Predicted Impacts and Mitigation Measures for Human and Health Environment
This chapter discusses the potential impacts arising from the proposed development on the existing human environment.
10.1 Construction Stage
10.1.1 Impacts from Labour
The hiring of foreign workers would bring with it a different kind of impact, both positive and negative. The main advantage would be the fulfilment of labour demand for the construction works and the negative points would be the potential social and cultural implications that may arise from it.
10.1.2 Impacts from Livelihood
The main socioeconomic issue in the development of the proposed development pertains to economic pursuits of the locals, particularly the fishing communities. An increase of population size would bring about increased demand in basic goods and services.
10.1.3 Impacts from Safety
Industrial accidents may have the potential to occur if the workers were not properly supervised and managed.
10.1.4 Impacts from Tranquility and Aesthetics
Reclamation activities will create a scene of bustling activities and constant hummingof machineries. Reclamation activities may also affect the aesthetics of the area, especially from dust during dry periods. The natural panorama of the sea view fronting the Tanjung Puteri coast would be lost forever.
10.1.5 Impacts from Construction and Operation of Workers’ Camps
Construction workers are normally housed in base or workers’ camps. The latter is a potential source of health and safety hazards and are also not without socio-cultural implications.
Executive Summary ES-35 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 10.2 Development on Newly-Reclaimed Land
10.2.1 Potential Impact on Employment
A mixed development venture would undoubtedly generate direct employment opportunities for the different levels of skills required from skilled to semi-skilled job opportunities in the various sectors of the development.
10.2.2 Potential Impact on Income and Revenue
Direct employment render direct income earned from the salaries paid. This is a definite positive remuneration and contribution to additional local earnings and from those spent locally would contribute to additional local income. However, the additional contribution would very much depend on the amount or proportion of earnings spent locally by the outside workers who may or may not move into the local area, either bringing in or not bringing in families as mentioned above.
10.2.3 Potential Impact on the Wider Multiplier Effects
In addition to the direct local and/or regional employment effects, a project of this stature has a range of secondary or indirect impacts. The workforce, which may be substantial (and well paid), can generate considerable retail expenditure in the locality, on a whole range of goods and services.
10.2.4 Potential Impact on Demography, Housing and Other Services
The workforce involved in the operation of the proposed development is likely to be drawn partly from local sources (within daily commuting distance of the project site) and partly from farther afield or an external source. Those employees recruited from beyond daily commuting distance can be expected to move into the development area permanently during operation.
10.2.5 Potential Socio-Cultural Impacts
In-migrant workforce and their families will have other social impacts which can be wide-ranging and may include:
i) Changes in the occupational and socio-economic mix of the area’s population and the potential ensuing impacts of conflict – ethnic, social or cultural; ii) Problems of integration among the incoming house buyers and workforce and families in the project area and into the local community and community activities; and iii) There may be a clash of lifestyles or expectations between in-comers and with the local community/Johor Bahru city residents.
Executive Summary ES-36 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
10.2.6 Potential Health Impacts
10.2.6.1 Outbreak of Communicable Diseases
From the existing data, the study area is prone to an outbreak of communicable diseases such as STIs, tuberculosis, and dengue fever. In view of the future influx and current presence of foreigners in the area, it may cause difficulties in the implementation of related health programmes that later may lead to outbreaks.
10.2.6.2 Motor Traffic Accidents
In such a mega housing and commercial development, the potential of road accidents may be unavoidable to pedestrians and other road users. The complexity of the road system and junctions, and the volume of various types of vehicles, may contribute to the problem.
11 Residual Impacts
The potential residual impacts that will occur include four (4) aspects which are as follows: i) Decline in water quality; ii) Sedimentation and Erosion; iii) Increase in land traffic; and iv) Changes of viewscape.
12. Environmental Economic Evaluation
This section outlines the methodology and presents the results of the economic valuation of the environmental impacts of the proposed project. The aim is to quantify the gains and losses in environmental services that can be attributed to the proposed project.
12.1 Valuation of Cost and Benefits
Of the four components listed in Table E14, only one is significant and certain enough to be considered for evaluation i.e. the loss in mudflat/muddy seabed due to reclamation. The proposed project is expected to reduce the environmental services obtainable from the affected area. The nature of losses in environmental services is described and evaluated below.
Executive Summary ES-37 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Table E14 Potentially-Affected Environmental Services
Environmental Nature of Potential Impacts/ Environmental Location/ Physical Extent of No. Remarks Components Services Affected Stakeholders Impacts Part of the straits will be reclaimed to make way for The exact location of the the construction of residential and commercial reclamation site is given in buildings, and the associated amenities and services. the Project Description A total of 78.36 acres Permanent loss is expected for the entire mudflat/ section of this DEIA report. will be reclaimed Marine Biology - Loss of muddy seabed making up the footprint of the extending from the Total loss of mudflat/muddy seabed. The productivity loss method is used to evaluate the loss in 1 mudflat/muddy seabed reclamation site. This mudflat serves as crustacean The stakeholders are the shore into the straits: environmental services and functions. due to Reclamation feeding ground and macrobenthos habitat. These fishermen and local Plot 1a (46.99 acres) activities will result in some loss in the amount of communities deriving and Plot 2a (31.37 resources important to support marine life since such benefits from the marine acres). an area serves as habitat for benthos and feeding resources. ground for fishes. The exact location of the Reduction in the size of fishing ground because part reclamation site is given in The reclaimed land of the straits will be reclaimed. The reclamation will the Project Description Land Use - Loss of Fishing (78.36 acres) and its The socio-economic survey confirms that the would-be reclaimed areas are not fishing grounds. 2 force the fishermen to find alternative fishing section of this DEIA report. Ground immediate No valuation is therefore necessary. ground/s, potentially increasing their operational The stakeholders are surroundings. cost. fishermen deriving benefits from the marine resources. Aquacultures of Plentong and Sungai Melayu located about 5km from the With the installation of Increase in TSS during reclamation work will affect project site, as well as the silt curtains during the quality of surrounding waters. The productivity of mangrove areas of Sungai reclamation, the extent aquaculture activities at Plentong and Sungai Melayu Stulang, Sungai Latoh and of impact is generally Mitigating measures through the installation of silt curtain during reclamation work will render (in the form of cage culture) may be affected by 3 Water Quality Sungai Tebrau (between 2 confined to the narrow the impact on aquaculture sites and mangroves as being insignificant. No valuation is deemed increased suspended solid in the water body and to 5km). strip between the silt necessary. turbidity. Mangrove areas of Sungai Stulang, Sungai curtain and the Latoh and Sungai Tebrau (between 2 to 5km away) The stakeholders are cage perimeter of the may also be affected. culture operators and reclaimed land. fishermen affected by reduced marine resources. The direction of impact of the project on aesthetics is uncertain for three reasons. The shore area where residents and visitors ■ First, the partial loss in straits view will be partly compensated by the fact that the area Nearby residents and have unhindered views fronting the coastal strip from the land side will be upgraded as a result of the proposed visitors whose view of the of the straits. The development including landscaping and new pedestrian walkway and improvements in straits may be affected. Change in the form of intrusion of man-made extent of visual access infrastructure; Grand BlueWave Hotel, 4 Aesthetics structures into the straits view following project hindrance for Grand ■ Second, most of the areas fronting the straits in the vicinity of the proposed project site Johor Bahru City Square completion. BlueWave Hotel, Johor already feature man-made structures that are constructed along the coastline; and and Menara Tabung Haji Bahru City Square and ■ Third, residents of the newly-developed area will gain the straits view. Thus, from the are the nearest affected Menara Tabung Haji is societal point of view, there is potentially no net loss to straits view. It is therefore hard to properties. shown in Section 9.4.1 argue with certainty, that the project will give rise to negative impact on the general of this DEIA report. aesthetics of the area. It will not be surprising if some people may even consider the project, once completed, to actually enhance the aesthetic quality of the area.
Executive Summary ES-38 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
12.2 Overall Assessment
After discounting at the rate of 8%, the total present value of the stream annual loss amounts to RM 1,976,798 over a 50-year period. At 6% and 4% discount rates, the corresponding values are RM 2,499,779 and RM 3,342,720 respectively. This study notes that the sum should not be construed as indicating project feasibility. Rather, they provide some indication ofthe magnitude, in monetary terms, of the reduction in the flow of environmental services as a result of the implementation of the project over the evaluation period.
13. Environmental Management Plan
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) summarises the responsibilities of the Proponent in terms of monitoring, legislative requirements in relation to the control of water quality, sediment quality, noise quality etc. A summary of the proposed monitoring programme is as per Table E15.
Executive Summary ES-39 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd.
Reporting Reporting
Requirement Requirement
Report to be to be Report
Report to be to be Report to DOE submitted biannually.
Report to be to be Report to DOE submitted and monthly quarterly. with Report to be photographs to DOE submitted daily. to DOE submitted quarterly. to be Report to DOE submitted quarterly. to be Report to DOE submitted quarterly. to be Report to DID submitted 3 than later not after the months completion each of survey.
Singapore Singapore
-
condition.
Environmental Criteria Quality Environmental
Results will be compared with the compared will with be Results EPA and for US Standard baseline sediment. marine
Results will be compared to the compared will to the be Results and Malaysia Water Marine baseline and Standard Criteria Quality Malaysia and (MWQCS) the Committee Joint on (MSJCE) Protocol. Environment compared will to the be Results and Malaysia Water Marine baseline and Standard Criteria Quality (MWQCS). the compared will with be Results and Malaysian baseline Air Environmental Recommended Guidelines. Quality the compared will with be Results and DOE’s Interim baseline for Permissible Maximum Guidelines Use Land Receiving Levels by Sound and 1 2). (Schedule should Audits be Environmental third a out by party carried Auditor (registered Environmental DOE). with compared will to the be Results baseline
Monthly
Quarterly Quarterly Quarterly
Sampling
Biannually
Frequency Frequency
Continuous
reclamation)
Once every 3 3 every Once months (during reclamation phase) 6 every Once (post months -
Predicted
Existing Impactsand Existing Existing Existing
- - - - -
—
Table4.4, Figure9.11, Table4.18, Table4.9, Table4.15, Figure 9.61,
Monitoring Stations Stations Monitoring
As per As Chapter 4 PhysicalEnvironment. per As Chapter 9 Mitigating on Measures Physicaland Biological Environment. per As Chapter 4 PhysicalEnvironment. per As Chapter 4 PhysicalEnvironment. per As Chapter 4 PhysicalEnvironment. project’s whole The and its implementation activities. per As chapter9 Impactsand Mitigation Measures
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Temperature, salinity, pH, salinity, Temperature, DO, BOD,turbidity, conductivity, AN, grease, & oil COD,and TOC, TSS, heavy sulphide, nitrate, phosphate, As, Fe, Mn, Pb, (Cr, Ni, Cu, Cd, metals Hg),coliform, faecal Enterococci. lead, cadmium, arsenic, nickel, Zinc, chromium and copper TSP,NO (L (L the compliances with the Toaudit and the conditions approval DEIA regulations environmental relevant guidelines. and Change Bed Level and Nearshore ■ ■ ■ ■
Proposed Monitoring Programme Monitoring Proposed
Item
Water Quality Online Monitoring Sediment Quality Quality Air Noise Environmental Audits Bathymetric Survey Table E15 Table
Executive Summary ES-40 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
14. Conclusion
Overall, it can be concluded that the proposed development of R&F Tanjung Puteri will not be contributing too much negative impacts to its environment. Its form of two reclaimed lands will insignificantly affect the hydraulic components of the surrounding area, with minimal changes in sedimentation and erosion. It should be noted that based on the socio-economic survey, most of the fishermen have their reasons for disagreeing to the proposed development. However, taking in all the considerations, the proposed development is expected to be beneficial, provided all mitigation measures and proper management are implemented to mitigate the potential impacts expected to occur from the proposed project’s implementation, especially due to its location being just about 290 m from the Malaysia-Singapore boundary.
Executive Summary ES-41 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Kandungan
Bab 1 1.1 Tajuk Projek 1 Pengenalan 1.2 Latar Belakang 1 1.3 Kronologi Projek 1
1.4 Penggerak Projek 2
Bab 2 2.0 Keperluan Projek 3 Keperluan
Projek
Bab 3 3.1 Lokasi Projek 3 Keterangan 3.2 Keterangan Tapak Projek 3 3.2.1 Persisiran Timur Tambak 3
Projek 3.2.2 Persisiran Barat Tambak 5 3.3 Konsep Projek 5
3.4 Komponen Projek 5
3.5 Aktiviti Projek 6
3.5.1 Penambakan 6
3.5.2 Aktiviti Selepas Penambakan 6 3.5.3 Pembangunan di atas Kawasan Tambakan 8 3.6 Pilihan Projek 8 3.7 Jadual Pelaksanaan Projek 10
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-i Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Bab 4 4.1 Iklim dan Kaji Cuaca 10 Persekitaran 4.2 Geologi dan Geoteknik 10 Fizikal 4.2.1 Analisis Tanih 10 4.2.2 Kestabilan Geoteknik 11 Sedia Ada 4.3 Komponen Hidraulik 11 4.3.1 Ombak 11 4.3.1.1 Timur Selat Johor 11 4.3.1.2 Barat Selat Johor 11 4.3.2 Arus 11 4.3.3 Enapan dan Hakisan 12 4.3.3.1 Timur Selat Johor 12 4.3.3.2 Barat Selat Johor 12 4.4 Hidrologi 12 4.5 Kualiti Air 12 4.5.1 Keputusan dan Perbincangan 12 4.6 Kualiti Udara 13 4.7 Hingar 14 4.8 Kualiti Sedimen 15 4.9 Guna Tanah 15 4.10 Trafik Darat 16 4.11 Trafik Marin 16 4.11.1 Alur Pelayaran Sedia Ada 16 4.11.2 Kemudahan dan Utiliti Marin Sedia Ada 17 4.11.2.1 Kemudahan Had Pelabuhan Pasir Gudang 17 4.11.2.2 Kemudahan Had Pelabuhan Johor Bahru 17
Bab 5 5.1 KSAS di Malaysia 17 Kawasan 5.2 KSAS di Singapura 17
Sensitif Alam
Sekitar
Bab 6 6.1 Flora Terestrial: Bakau 20 Persekitaran 6.1.1 Sungai Melayu 20 6.1.2 Sungai Stulang, Sungai Kuda, Sungai Tebrau, Biologi Pulau Lokan dan Sungai Permas 20
Sedia Ada 6.2 Fauna Terestrial: Burung 20 6.3 Fauna Marin 20 6.3.1 Fitoplankton 20 6.3.2 Zooplankton 20 6.3.3 Makrobentos 21 6.3.4 Kehidupan Marin Lain 21
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-ii Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Bab 7 7.0 Persekitaran Manusia dan Kesihatan Sedia Ada 22 Persekitaran Manusia dan Kesihatan Sedia Ada
Bab 8 8.1 Pelan Kawalan Hakisan dan Enapan 25 Pelan
Kawalan
Hakisan dan
Enapan
Bab 9 9.1 Potensi Impak dan Langkah Kawalan bagi Potensi Persekitaran Fizikal dan Biologi 25 Impak dan Langkah Kawalan bagi Persekitaran Fizikal dan
Biologi
Bab 10 10.0 Potensi Impak dan Langkah Kawalan bagi Persekitaran Manusia dan Kesihatan 35 10.1 Peringkat Pembinaan 35
Potensi Impak 10.1.1 Impak kepada Buruh 35 dan Langkah 10.1.2 Impak kepada Pendapatan 35 Kawalan bagi 10.1.3 Impak kepada Keselamatan 35
Persekitaran 10.1.4 Impak kepada Ketenteraman Manusia dan dan Estetika 35 Kesihatan 10.1.5 Impak daripada Pembinaan dan Pengendalian Penempatan Pekerja 35 10.2 Pembangunan Tanah yang baru Ditambak 36 10.2.1 Potensi Impak kepada Pekerjaan 36 10.2.2 Potensi Impak kepada Pendapatan dan Hasil 36 10.2.3 Potensi Impak kepada Kesan Penggandaan 36 10.2.4 Potensi Impak Demografi, Perumahan dan Perkhidmatan Lain 36 10.2.5 Potensi Impak Sosio-Kebudayaan 36
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-iii Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 10.2.6 Potensi Impak Terhadap Kesihatan 37 10.2.6.1 Wabak Penyakit Berjangkit 37 10.2.6.2 Kemalangan Trafik Bermotor 37
Bab 11 11 .0 Sisa-sisa Impak 37 Sisa-sisa
Impak
Bab 12 12.1 Penilaian Kos dan Faedah 37 12.2 Penilaian Keseluruhan 39 Penilaian
Ekonomi Alam Sekitar
Bab 13 13.0 Pelan Pengurusan Alam Sekitar 39 Pelan
Pengurusan
Alam Sekitar
Bab 14 14.0 Kesimpulan 41 Kesimpulan
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-iv Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Rajah
Rajah E1 Lokasi Projek Rajah E2 Guna Tanah Projek Rajah E3 Lokasi Kawasan Sensitif Alam Sekitar Rajah E4 Zon Impak dan Kawasan Perumahan dalam Lingkungan 5 Km
Jadual
Jadual E1 Kronologi Projek Jadual E2 Pilihan Bagi Susun Atur Penambakan Jadual E3 Stesen Kualiti Air Jadual E4 Stesen Kualiti Udara Jadual E5 Stesen Persampelan Hingar Jadual E6 Lokasi Persampelan Kualiti Sedimen Jadual E7 Guna Tanah Semasa Dalam Lingkungan Radius 5 km Jadual E8 KSAS Sekitar Tapak Projek di Malaysia Jadual E9 KSAS di Singapura Jadual E10 Komponen dan Saiz Sampel Populasi Jadual E11 Pandangan Terhadap Kebaikan Dan Keburukan Sosio-Ekonomi (% Mengatakan Ya) Jadual E12 Pandangan Nelayan Berhubung Impak Penambakan Terhadap Aktiviti Perikanan Jadual E13 Ringkasan impak Jadual E14 Kemudahan Alam Sekitar yang Berpotensi Terkesan Jadual E15 Program Cadangan Pemantauan
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-v Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Ringkasan Eksekutif
1. Pengenalan
1.1 Tajuk Projek
Kajian Terperinci Penilaian Impak Alam Sekitar (DEIA) ini bertajuk “Cadangan Penambakan dan Pembangunan Bercampur R&F Tanjung Puteri, Johor Bahru, Johor”. Secara ringkasnya, ia dirujuk sebagai “Projek”.
1.2 Latar Belakang
R&F Development Sdn. Bhd. selaku Penggerak Projek merupakan sebuah anak syarikat Guangzhou R&F Properties Co. Ltd. yang tersenarai dalam Bursa Saham Hong Kong. Syarikat tersebut telah berpengalaman selama hampir 20 tahun dalam pembangunan hartanah terutamanya di China yang melibatkan pembinaan banglo, menara pejabat bertingkat tinggi dan hotel bertaraf lima bintang.
Melalui R&F Development Sdn. Bhd., syarikat ini telah menjadi salah satu pemaju dari luar negara yang pertama menyokong Pelan Pembangunan Komprehensif (CDP) untuk Wilayah Ekonomi Johor Selatan (SJER) 2025. Menurut CDP Johor, projek ini juga akan dibangunkan di kawasan yang ditetapkan sebagai “Pembangunan Baru Persisiran Pantai” Johor dengan kawasan seluas 116.445 ekar (47.1 hektar). Projek ini akan melibatkan kawasan di atas tanah sedia ada dan juga kerja-kerja penambakan. Penambakan akan melibatkan kedua-dua bahagian Tambak Johor yang meliputi kawasan seluas 78.36 ekar (31.71 hektar).
1.3 Kronologi Projek
Tanah milik kerajaan negeri Johor telah diberi hak milik kepada R&F Development pada November 2013 dan secara rasminya telah dibangunkan bermula pada 15 April 2014 selepas mendapat kelulusan daripada pihak berkuasa. Walau bagaimanapun, pada Jun 2014, Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS) Putrajaya telah mengarahkan Penggerak Projek untuk menjalankan Kajian
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-1 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. DEIA dan Hidraulik kerana lokasi cadangan pembangunan berhampiran dengan sempadan antarabangsa Malaysia-Singapura. Sehubungan dengan itu, Penggerak Projek secara sukarela menghentikan kerja-kerja penambakan pada 15 Jun 2014. Rumusan kronologi projek ini diterangkan dalam Jadual E1.
Jadual E1 Kronologi Projek Tarikh Peristiwa November 2013 Pertukaran hak milik tanah kepada R&F Development Sdn. Bhd. 1 Mac 2014 Penilaian Awal Tapak (PAT) telah diluluskan oleh JAS Johor. 15 April 2014 Kerja penambakan bermula. April 2014 Pelan Bangunan Galeri Jualan Sementara telah diluluskan. 2 Jun 2014 Kebenaran Merancang Layout (KML) untuk Plot 1 telah diluluskan. 2 Jun 2014 Kebenaran Merancang Bangunan (KMB) untuk Fasa 1 telah diluluskan. Jun 2014 Pelan Bangunan untuk Fasa 1 telah diluluskan. Mesyuarat bersama JAS Putrajaya berkenaan keperluan kajian DEIA dan 12 Jun 2014 Hidraulik bagi cadangan kerja-kerja penambakan. 12 Jun 2014 Pelantikan Perunding DEIA– Dr .Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. (DNA). 15 Jun 2014 Pemberhentian kerja penambakan secara sukarela (tiada DEIA). Surat Arahan Pemberhentian Kerja Penambakan dikeluarkan oleh JAS 16 Jun 2014 Putrajaya. 2 Julai 2014 Permit dan Pengiklanan oleh Penggerak Projek telah diluluskan. 3Julai 2014 Fasa 1 telah dirasmikan oleh DYMM Tuanku Sultan of Johor. 7 Julai 2014 Penyerahan DEIA Terms of Reference (TOR). Mesyuarat bersama JAS berhubung dengan perkembangan status dan langkah 9 Julai 2014 kawalan yang dilakukan semasa tempoh pemberhentian kerja sementara. 14 Ogos 2014 Mesyuarat Panel Pengulas DEIA TOR. 2 Oktober 2014 Perbincangan Kumpulan Sasaran (FGD) telah diadakan di ‘Astaka’. Dialog Awam bagi kajian DEIA telah diadakan di Sangkar Kristal, Pasir Pelangi 3 Oktober 2014 Driving Range, Johor
1.4 Penggerak Projek
R&F Development Sdn. Bhd. merupakan Penggerak Projek bagi projek ini manakala Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. telah dilantik untuk menjalankan Kajian DEIA.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-2 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
2. Keperluan Projek
Secara keseluruhan, projek R&F Tanjung Puteri dibangunkan untuk memenuhi keperluan berikut: i) Sebagai gerbang selatan untuk Koridor Utara-Selatan; ii) Untuk mengukuhkan pembinaan bandar selari dengan SJER 2025; iii) Untuk menjadikan Johor Bahru sebagai kota pinggiran air bertaraf dunia; iv) Untuk membaikpulih sosio-ekonomi di Johor Bahru; dan v) Untuk menjadikan Johor Bahru sebagai bandar pencakar langit.
3. Keterangan Projek
3.1 Lokasi Projek
R&F Tanjung Puteri terletak di kawasan Tanjung Puteri, Johor dan berhampiran dengan kompleks CIQ Johor Bahru yang baru. Luas keseluruhan pembangunan ini adalah 116.445 ekar merangkumi bahagian timur dan barat Tambak Johor. Pembangunan di timur Tambak Johor dirujuk sebagai “Plot 1”, manakala pembangunan di barat pula dirujuk sebagai “Plot 2” seperti dalam Rajah E1.
3.2 Keterangan Tapak Projek
Kawasan projek ini melibatkan kedua-dua timur dan barat Tambak Johor dan diterangkan lebih lanjut seperti berikut: i) Persisiran Timur Tambak; dan ii) Persisiran Barat Tambak.
3.2.1 Persisiran Timur Tambak
Terdapat banyak tembok laut dan struktur lapis lindung di persisiran pantai timur bersebelahan tapak projek yang sebahagiannya telah rosak dan berkemungkinan akan runtuh. Terdapat pantai rekreasi yang terletak tidak jauh dari tapak projek yang dikenali sebagai Pantai Stulang Laut. Ia juga berdekatan dengan jeti persendirian milik kerabat diraja Johor dan sebuah restoran makanan segera pula terletak di sebelah jeti tersebut. Terdapat beberapa bangunan yang menjadi daya tarikan di sekitar kawasan tersebut seperti Terminal Feri Stulang, Kondominium Tanjung Puteri, Open University dan Hotel The Zon.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-3 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Plot1a Johor Causeway Plot1b Puteri Tanjung Old CIQ Complex ) Plot 2b Plot Plot2b Tun Plot 2a Plot Boundary 1979 (JUPEM, Lanang MALAYSIA Sri Persiaran Bahru International Plot 1b Plot Johor Plot2a City Reclaimed Reclaimed Area Plot 1a Plot JB Waterfront JB Waterfront
Legend:
Rajah E1 Rajah LokasiProjek
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-4 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Di persisiran pantai timur ini, air larian permukaan kebanyakannya dilepaskan melalui saluran paip kawalan serta beberapa kawasan pantai kecil. Terdapat beberapa kawasan pokok bakau dilihat di sekitar kawasan pembangunan. Kesan peninggalan penempatan Orang Asli juga dapat dilihat dengan adanya rangka tiang rumah. Pokok-pokok bakau masih lagi banyak di sekitar muara Sungai Tebrau dan anak Sungai Plentong.
Selain itu, kawasan projek ini (Plot 1) terletak berhadapan dengan Woodlands Shell Depot Jetty dan Woodlands Waterfront Jetty iaitu struktur marin di kawasan Singapura.
3.2.2 Persisiran Barat Tambak
Kawasan projek di bahagian barat terletak berdekatan Sungai Segget. IRDA sedang menjalankan kerja-kerja transformasi di kawasan tersebut untuk menjadikan bandar itu sebagai pusat tarikan pelancong. Selain itu, terdapat juga JB Waterfront City bersebelahan tapak projek.
Secara keseluruhan, aktiviti penambakan sedang giat dijalankan di persisiran pantai barat untuk membangunkan kawasan kota pinggiran air bersepadu Lido Boulevard (terletak di sebelah barat pantai dan dijangka siap pada 2016. Bersebelahan Lido Boulevard terdapat sebuah lagi projek pembangunan menghadap laut iaitu Country Garden Danga Bay yang dijangka siap pada 2017. Sebuah marina seluas 10 ekar untuk kapal layar terletak lima (5) km ke arah barat dari kawasan projek berhadapan kawasan tambakan baru Iskandar Waterfront di muara Sungai Tebrau.
Selain Sungai Segget, terdapat Sungai Chat iaitu sungai utama yang mengalir ke Selat Johor. Pintu air pasang surut terletak di muara Sungai Chat bersebelahan kompleks pejabat Jabatan Laut (Harbour Master).
3.3 Konsep Projek
Matlamat pembangunan adalah untuk menerapkan gaya hidup kawasan marina yang direka bentuk untuk mempamerkan hotel, pejabat, menara pencakar langit, pusat membeli belah, rumah kelab dan pangsapuri mewah, secara kolektifnya dikenali sebagai konsep ‘HOPSCA’. Pembangunan keseluruhan merangkumi kawasan seluas hampir 116.45 ekar (47.2 hektar) bakal menjadikan akses yang mudah ke Singapura. Projek cadangan akan menjadi mercu tanda yang baru di bandar Johor Bahru.
3.4 Komponen Projek
Cadangan projek ini terbahagi kepada dua komponen iaitu: i) Penambakan; dan ii) Pembangunan di atas kawasan tambakan.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-5 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Projek ini melibatkan penambakan dua plot tanah seluas 78.36 ekar (31.7 hektar). Reka bentuk pelan kawasan tambakan bagi Plot 1a dan Plot 2a ditunjukkan dalam Rajah E2. Pembangunan jenis bercampur akan dibina di atas tanah sedia ada (Plot 1b & 2b) dan di atas kawasan tambakan baru (Plot 1a & 2a).
3.5 Aktiviti Projek
Aktiviti utama yang terlibat dalam projek ini adalah aktiviti penambakan dan kerja-kerja pembinaan di atas kawasan tambakan dan tanah sedia ada.
3.5.1 Penambakan
Aktiviti penambakan yang akan dijalankan meliputi perkara di bawah:
i) Survei pra-pembinaan; ii) Pemasangan boya penanda sempadan; iii) Pemasangan tirai kelodak; iv) Sumber dan pengangkutan pasir; v) Perobohan jeti APMM; vi) Peletakan bahan tambakan; vii) Rawatan bahan tambakan; viii) Pemasangan peralatan; dan ix) Pembinaan struktur lapis lindung pantai.
3.5.2 Aktiviti Selepas Penambakan
Saliran: Air hujan dan pelepasan aliran permukaan akan dilepaskan ke dalam laut. Di Plot 1, semua air aliran permukaan dan air hujan di kawasan pembangunan tersebut akan disalurkan terlebih dahulu ke dalam longkang sepanjang 30 m sebelum dilepaskan ke dalam laut.
Kumbahan: Keseluruhan pembangunan ini dijangka akan menghasilkan sisa kumbahan sebanyak 27,000 m3/hari dengan kapasiti 120,000 PE. Lepasan dari Loji rawatan kumbahan (STP) yang dicadangkan mestilah mematuhi Kelas IIB dari NWQS yang telah ditetapkan oleh JAS. Kawasan rizab untuk STP adalah mencukupi dan boleh memenuhi kapsasiti unit rawatan sisa kumbahan.
Bekalan Tenaga Elektrik: Bekalan tenaga elektrik yang diperlukan untuk kedua-dua plot dianggarkan berjumlah 76.3 MW. R&F Tanjung Puteri akan mempunyai satu (1) unit Pencawang Masuk Utama (PMU) di bahagian timur (Plot 1) dan tiga (3) unit Pencawang Pembahagian Utama (PPU).
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-6 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. K O T A T I N G G I
K U L A I J A Y A
(PTB 8966) PTB 20365
(20876) PTB 23171 PTB 23461
PTB 23457 J O H O R B A H R U PTB 23459 P O N T I A N LOKASI
PTB 23172
Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
APPROVED DATA TABULATION Project Components for Plot 1 Percentage Area APPROVED DATA TABULATION Component (%) (acre) Commercial and Serviced 83.33 46.784 Apartments Lot REZAB PARIT 6M Commercial, Offices, Hotel, and 16.67 12.262 Serviced Apartments Lot TNB Substation - 3.662
Reserve Road - 10.777 REZAB PARIT 6M 10.851ek 17M
1. 7M Open Space - 4.88 JALAN 30 METER (100') PROPOSED ROAD MEDIAN KERB TO BE EXTENDED
Project Components for Plot 2 12.039ek 4.921ek
Percentage Area 11.86M Component (%) (acre)
11.878ek 360M APPROVED DATA TABULATION Commercial and Serviced 75 23.502 APPROVED DATA TABULATION Apartments Lot 20M JALAN 30 METER (100') Commercial, Offices, Hotel, and 7.095 ek 25 6.085 JALAN 20 METER (66') Serviced Apartments Lot 20M Reserve Road - 1.659 12.262ek REZAB PARIT 12M Open Space - 6.210 KL 5.562ek
3.662ek
6.085ek
S E M P A D A N 3.291ek M A L A Y S I A
JALAN 20 METER (66') 10.502ek S I N G A P U R A
E 1
9.259ek W 1
>> Ke Singapura Sumber: R&F Development Sdn. Bhd. Rajah E2 Pelan Guna Tanah
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-7 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Telekomunikasi: Sejumlah 22 lurang telefon R2a dan R1B bersama dengan pelindung tahan lasak (9 di bahagian barat dan 13 di bahagian timur).
3.5.3 Pembangunan di atas Kawasan Tambakan
Sebanyak 63% daripada guna tanah akan dibangunkan untuk unit komersil dan pangsapuri perkhidmatan. Lain-lain pembangunan termasuklah pejabat, hotel dan pangsapuri perkhidmatan (15%). Tanah seluas 5.124 ekar bersamaan 7% daripada keseluruhan pembangunan akan disediakan untuk kawasan lapang dan pengguna rekreasi.
3.6 Pilihan Projek
Sebanyak tiga (3) bentuk penambakan telah dijalankan. Kesimpulannya, Pilihan 3 dipilih sebagai bentuk yang sesuai hasil daripada permodelan hidraulik yang menunjukkan kesan impak kelajuan arus maksimum adalah sangat sedikit di bahagian timur dan barat Selat Johor. Jadual E2 menerangkan pemilihan rekabentuk penambakan.
Jadual E2 Pilihan Bagi Susun Atur Penambakan
Pilihan Maklumat Pilihan 1
Bentuk penambakan telah direka sebagai pulau dengan 30 m laluan air di antara kawasan darat dan pulau tersebut. Jarak antara tapak projek dengan sempadan Malaysia dan Singapura adalah 100 m. Perubahan arus maksimum menunjukkan peningkatan kelajuan arus sebanyak 100% dalam terusan dan impak akan merentas sempadan bagi kedua-dua plot timur dan barat Selat Johor.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-8 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Jadual E2 (sambungan) Pilihan Bagi Susun Atur Penambakan
Pilihan Maklumat Pilihan 2
Bentuk penambakan bersambung dengan bahagian darat. Jarak dari kawasn penambakan paling hujung dengan sempadan Malaysia dan Singapura adalah 100 m. Walaubagaimanapun, perubahan kelajuan arus maksimum menunjukkan keputusan yang sama seperti Pilihan 1. Oleh itu, bentuk penambakan ini tidak dipilih.
Pilihan 3
Bagi pilhan 3, jarak dari kawasan projek dengan sempadan Malaysia dan Singapura adalah 290 m. Keputusan awal menunjukkan impak perubahan kelajuan arus maksimum yang kurang bagi kedua- dua plot timur dan barat Selat Johor. Oleh itu, pilihan 3 telah dipilih sebagai bentuk penambakan yang terbaik.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-9 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
3.7 Jadual Pelaksanaan Projek
Kerja-kerja penambakan akan dilakukan selama 16 bulan secara serentak untuk kedua-dua Plot 1a dan 2a. Pembangunan di atas kawasan tambakan pula dijangka akan siap dalam jangka masa enam (6) tahun untuk kedua-dua bahagian timur (Plot 1a dan 1b) dan bahagian barat (Plot 2a dan 2b).
4. Persekitaran Fizikal Sedia Ada
4.1 Iklim dan Kaji Cuaca
Semasa Angin Monsun Timur Laut, keadaan angin dipengaruhi oleh arah angin dari timur laut di kawasan timur dan barat Selat Johor. Keadaan angin dipengaruhi oleh arah angin dari selatan ke tenggara ketika angin Monsun Barat Daya. Semasa angin monsun berlaku, kelajuan angin boleh menjangkaui 8 m/s.
Kelembapan relatif dan suhu adalah tinggi sepanjang tahun di kawasan projek dengan perubahan yang tidak ketara. Pada waktu siang, kelembapan relatif boleh mencecah sehingga 95% dan akan menurun kepada 65% semasa subuh. Suhu purata di kawasan projek adalah 27°C. Nilai suhu harian maksimum dan minimum masing-masing adalah 34°C dan 24°C.
4.2 Geologi dan Geoteknik
Kajian geologi dan geoteknik dijalankan untuk menilai keadaan tanih/batuan di dasar permukaan tapak projek. Penilaian ini merangkumi pengenalpastian profil tanih dan faktor yang berkaitan dengan isu geoteknik seperti kestabilan tanah yang ditambak serta struktur perlindungan pantai.
Antara aspek yang diperhatikan dalam DEIA ialah: i) Penilaian keterangan permukaan geologi, termasuk jenis batuan, struktur geologi dan gred cuaca; ii) Interpretasi kerja lapangan dan percubaan makmal; iii) Penilaian data geoteknik untuk mendapatkan profil rekabentuk dan rekabentuk parameter; dan iv) Penilaian geoteknik terhadap kestabilan bahan.
4.2.1 Analisis tanih
Sejumlah dua puluh empat (24) lubang di cadangan tapak projek telah dianalisa (12 lubang di setiap Plot 1 dan Plot 2).
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-10 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Kawasan tapak cadangan untuk Plot 1 dan Plot 2 terdiri daripada pasir/lempung dan kerikil berpasir daripada padat ke sangat padat dengan Ujian Penembusan Standard (SPT) dari 20 sampai 50 ledakan/30 cm. Tiada tanah liat lembut atau bahan yang boleh dimampatkan ditemui di Plot 1. Sementara di Plot 2, lapisan nipis dengan yang boleh dimampatkan dengan kedalaman 1.5 m ditemui di BH11.
4.2.2 Kestabilan Geoteknik
Pembinaan struktur persisiran akan menyebabkan lebihan beban kepada dasar laut sedia ada dan ini akan menyebabkan ketidakstabilan. Oleh itu, analisis menggunakan perisian Geo-5 telah dijalankan bagi mengesan faktor keselamatan (FOS) melawan pemasangan kritikal yang dinamakan sebagai slip circle dan extrusion failure. Hasil FOS >15 telah diperolehi.
4.3 Komponen Hidraulik
4.3.1 Ombak
Kawasan tapak projek terletak di kawasan yang terlindung daripada ombak dan dibatasi dengan kawasan daratan yang besar di Malaysia dan Singapura serta pulau-pulau berdekatan. Simulasi ombak di luar persisir pantai telah dijalankan untuk kedua-dua bahagian timur dan barat Selat Johor.
4.3.1.1 Timur Selat Johor
Pada keadaan sedia ada, ketinggian ombak tertinggi dialami adalah pada rambatan ombak dari arah 90° Utara. Ketinggian ombak tertinggi boleh dicapai di kawasan tapak projek adalah sehingga 0.2 m.
4.3.1.2 Barat Selat Johor
Rambatan ombak datang dari arah laut ke barat Selat Johor dan tiba di cadangan tapak projek dengan ketinggian ombak 0.1 m dari arah 240° Utara. Rambatan ombak dari arah berlainan kebiasaannya akan menghasilkan ketinggian ombak sekurang-kurangnya 0.1 m di cadangan tapak projek.
4.3.2 Arus
Halaju arus di kawasan projek di timur Selat Johor adalah perlahan (kurang daripada 0.05 m/s). Namun, halaju arus lebih laju di sekeliling tapak projek di barat Selat Johor dengan purata halaju arus ialah 0.05 m/s dan halaju maksimum arus ialah 0.1 m/s.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-11 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
4.3.3 Enapan dan Hakisan
4.3.3.1 Timur Selat Johor
Berdasarkan keadaan sedia ada, tiada perubahan signifikan terhadap kedalaman dasar di tapak kajian.
4.3.3.2 Barat Selat Johor
Perubahan aras dasar selalunya kecil (di bawah 0.01m) dan tidak signifikan.
4.4 Hidrologi
Cadangan tapak projek berdekatan dengan Sungai Segget, Sungai Chat, Sungai Tebrau, Sungai Stulang dan Sungai Latoh. Sungai Segget merupakan kawasan tadahan sungai yang terdekat dengan kawasan projek cadangan dengan keluasan hampir 4.5 km2 dan 4 km panjang.
4.5 Kualiti Air
Sebanyak dua belas (12) stesen persampelan telah dikenalpasti dan dinyatakan dalam Jadual E3 dengan sampel asas telah dicatatkan untuk kualiti air marin dan air tawar/payau. Pengukuran in- situ bagi parameter fizikal dan persampelan air bagi setiap stesen persampelan telah dibuat pada 26hb dan 27hb Jun 2014; 12hb, 26hb, 27hb, 28hb Ogos 2014, dan 21hb November 2014.
4.5.1 Keputusan dan Perbincangan
Kualiti air yang amat terjejas oleh pelepasan kumbahan dari Sungai Segget dan Sungai Skudai, dengan kombinasi nutrient N dan P menyebabkan risiko ‘alga bloom’, jika berlaku, ia boleh menimbulkan isu-isu ketoksikan seperti yang terdapat di ’red tides’ di luar Sabah. Perkara ini perlu dilihat disebabkan oleh aktiviti akuakultur di selat Johor. Nilai ekstrem nutrien menunjukkan pembuangan sisa kumbahan daripada aktiviti pembuangan pusat rawatan kumbahan (STP).
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-12 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Jadual E3 Stesen Kualiti Air Stesen Koordinat Jenis Air Keterangan WQ1 1° 29' 18.72" N, 103° 47' 44.54" E Air payau Muara Sungai Tebrau
WQ2 1° 28' 48.94" N, 103° 47' 29.47" E Air masin 300 m ke selatan dari Sungai Tebrau
WQ3 1° 28' 36.95" N, 103° 48' 15.47" E Air payau Muara Sungai Latoh WQ4 1° 28' 18.03" N, 103° 47' 5.48" E Air payau Muara Sungai Stulang
WQ5 1° 27' 43.25" N, 103° 46' 48.08" E Air masin 200 m ke barat daya Sungai Stulang
WQ6 1° 27' 18.47" N, 103° 46' 23.88" E Air masin Berdekatan Plot 1a WQ7 1° 27' 21.35" N, 103° 45' 56.52" E Air payau Muara Sungai Segget WQ8 1° 27' 6.41" N, 103° 46' 1.92" E Air masin Berdekatan Plot 2a
WQ9 1° 27' 3.44" N, 103° 44' 55.76" E Air masin 200 m ke barat daya Sungai Segget
WQ10 1° 27' 26.70" N, 103° 44' 21.92" E Air payau Muara Sungai Chat
WQ11 1° 27' 36.83" N, 103° 43' 45.49" E Air masin 300 m ke barat daya Sungai Chat
WQ12 1° 28' 11.93" N, 103° 42' 55.40" E Air payau Kuala Sungai Danga
4.6 Kualiti Udara
Pemantauan kualiti udara persekitaran dijalankan sekitar tapak projek dari 16 dan 17 Julai; 4, 5, 6, 12, 13, 25 dan 26 September 2014. Penerima sentisif terdekat ialah kawasan bandar berhampiran tapak projek. Sejumlah enam (6) stesen iaitu A1 hingga A6 telah dipilih. Lokasi pemantauan ditunjukkan dalam Jadual E4. Hasil data menunjukkan kualiti udara adalah baik dan berada di bawah had yang ditetapkan oleh Panduan Kualiti Udara Malaysia.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-13 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Jadual E4 Stesen Persampelan Kualiti Udara Panduan Cadangan Kualiti Stesen Koordinat Lokasi Udara Persekitaran di Malaysia 1° 27' 45.16" N, Berdekatan Kuarters Kastam Tanjung A1 103° 46' 21.85" E Puteri 1° 27' 22.81" N, BerdekatanBangunan Foh Chong, A2 103° 45' 52.59" E Jalan Ibrahim 1° 27' 33.11" N 3 A3 Dalam Plot 1a TSP :260 μg/m 103° 46' 18.65" E 3 SO2 :105 μg/m 1° 27' 21.07" N Berdekatan sempadan antarabangsa NO :320 μg/m3 A4 2 103° 46' 26.61" E bersebelahan Plot 1a CO :35 μg/m3 1° 27' 17.00" N A5 Dalam Plot 2a 103° 45' 50.40" E 1° 27' 3.85" N Berdekatan sempadan antarabangsa A6 103° 45' 52.78" E bersebelahan Plot 2a
4.7 Hingar
Pemantauan bagi tahap hingar telah dijalankan dari 16 dan 17 Julai; 4, 5, 6, 12, 13, 25 dan 26 September 2014. Lokasi bagi stesen persampelan hingar dan pengukuran parameter disenaraikan dalam Jadual E5. Hasil keseluruhan hingar berada di bawah had panduan 65 dBA (siang) dan 55 dBA (malam).
Jadual E5 Stesen Persampelan Hingar
Stesen Koordinat Keterangan Parameter Pengukuran 1° 27' 45.16" N, Bersebelahan Kuarters Kastam Tanjung N1 103° 46' 21.85" E Puteri 1° 27' 22.81" N, Bersebelahan Bangunan Foh Chong, N2 103° 45' 52.59" E Jalan Ibrahim 15 minit bagi setiap 1° 27' 33.11" N pengukuran bagi LAeq N3 Dalam Plot 1a 103° 46' 18.65" E sekali pada waktu siang (7 pagi hingga 11 malam) 1° 27' 21.07" N Berdekatan sempadan antarabangsa N4 dan sekali pada waktu 103° 46' 26.61" E bersebelahan Plot 1a malam (11 malam hingga 1° 27' 17.00" N N5 Dalam Plot 2a 7 pagi) 103° 45' 50.40" E 1° 27' 3.85" N Berdekatan sempadan antarabangsa N6 103° 45' 52.78" E bersebelahan Plot 2a
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-14 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 4.8 Kualiti Sedimen
Sampel sedimen telah diambil di empat stesen (SQ1 hingga SQ4) sekitar kawasan projek. Lokasi stesen persampelan dinyatakan dalam Jadual E6. Hasil menunjukkan hanya kandungan nikel di semua stesen dikelaskan sebagai ‘sederhana tercemar’ manakala kuprum dan zink sebagai ‘sangat tercemar’ (USEPA).
Jadual E6 Lokasi Persampelan Kualiti Sedimen
Stesen Koordinat Keterangan SQ1 1° 27' 42.94" N, 103° 46' 49.02" E 1.1 km ke barat daya dari Sungai Stulang SQ2 1° 27' 19.99" N, 103° 46' 25.24" E Berdekatan Plot 1a SQ3 1° 27' 1.20" N, 103° 45' 46.99" E Berdekatan Plot 2a SQ4 1° 27' 0.45" N, 103° 45' 24.80" E 1.2 ke barat daya dari Sungai Segget
4.9 Guna Tanah
Guna tanah dalam kawasan kajian merujuk kepada zon impak dalam jarak 5 km dari pembangunan yang dicadangkan. Secara umumnya, guna tanah yang utama ialah kawasan perumahan, komersil dan kawasan yang telah dibangunkan sepenuhnya. Di bahagian barat kawasan kajian merangkumi kawasan pembangunan manakala kawasan timur merangkumi muara Sungai Tebrau dan Kampung Senibong. Jadual E7 menunjukkan guna tanah sedia ada di dalam zon impak. Luas kawasan kajian dalam radius 5 km adalah 4,525 hektar.
Jadual E7 Guna Tanah Semasa Dalam Lingkungan Radius 5 km No. Kategori Keluasan (Ha) Peratus 1 Kawasan penternakan haiwan 10.33 0.23 2 Kawasan Hutan 126.47 2.80 3 Kawasan Hortikultur 9.43 0.21 4 Tanah Rumput Terbiar 67.82 1.50 5 Lain-lain 67.32 1.49 6 Hutan Paya, tanah rawa dan tanah lembap 201.96 4.46 7 Pengangkutan 155.85 3.44 8 Pokok, Palma dan Penanaman kekal yang lain 35.27 0.78 9 Bandar dan Perumahan 2749.15 60.75 10 Kawasan air 1101.41 24.34 Jumlah 4525.00 100.00
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4.10 Trafik Darat
Pembangunan yang dicadangkan terletak di hujung bahagian selatan Daerah Perniagaan Berpusat Johor Bahru (CBD) dan Tambak Johor telah memisahkan kawasan ini kepada dua bahagian. Di bahagian barat, tapak projek terletak berhadapan Jalan Persiaran Tun Sri Lanang yang dikenali sebagai Jalan Sultan Ismail, 900 m berdekatan dengan barat Tambak Johor dan berakhir di bangunan terbiar sedia ada (JB Waterfront City). Di bahagian timur, ia terletak berhadapan Jalan Tanjung Puteri, hampir 900 m dari timur Tambak Johor dan berakhir di persimpangan lampu isyarat Jalan Lingkaran Dalam.
Maklumat kepadatan trafik jalanraya dan pergerakan pusingan di persimpangan utama, komposisi pengangkutan dan inventori jalan serta kapasiti bawaan telah dikumpulkan. Prosedur ini penting dalam mendapatkan corak pergerakan aliran trafik, jaringan jalan dan persimpangan dan keadaan jalanraya dalam sistem jaringan trafik. Maklumat ini diperolehi melalui pelbagai tinjauan yang dilakukan antaranya: i) Pengiraan kelas volumetrik jalanraya; ii) Pengiraan kelas pergerakan pusingan pada persimpangan; dan iii) Inventori jalan dan persimpangan.
4.11 Trafik Marin
Bahagian ini membincangkan keadaan trafik marin sedia ada dalam kawasan projek cadangan. Kajian trafik marin dan keselamatan pelayaran merangkumi keterangan alur pelayaran sedia ada, serta trafik marin lain yang transit, berlabuh atau berlayar di kawasan perairan (serta perairan berhampiran dengan kawasan kajian). Maklumat penting yang telah diambil kira termasuklah: i) Alur pelayaran sedia ada ke tapak projek; ii) Kemudahan dan utiliti marin sedia ada; iii) Statistik marin sedia ada; iv) Statistik kemalangan marin; dan v) Prosedur Pengendalian Pelabuhan sedia ada.
4.11.1 Alur Pelayaran Sedia Ada
Tapak projek bagi Plot 1 terletak di timur yang tertakluk dalam Had Pelabuhan Pasir Gudang dan hanya boleh dimasuki melalui laut dari arah timur Selat Johor. Jarak dari stesen utama di Pasir Gudang hingga Plot 1 ialah lebih kurang 24 batu nautika.
Manakala Plot 2 terletak di barat tambak dalam Had Pelabuhan Johor Bahru dan hanya boleh dimasuki melalui laut dari barat Selat Johor. Had Pelabuhan Johor Bahru bermula di bahagian barat Selat Johor merangkumi kawasan tirus antara PTP dan had pelabuhan Singapura, kawasan
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-16 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. persisiran pantai Johor dan juga sempadan Malaysia-Singapura sehinggalah ke Tambak Johor. Jarak antara pintu masuk Had Pelabuhan Johor Bahru dan Plot 2 adalah hampir 20 batu nautika.
4.11.2 Kemudahan dan Utiliti Marin Sedia Ada
Kemudahan marin sedia ada dibahagikan kepada dua kategori iaitu:
i) Kemudahan Had Pelabuhan Pasir Gudang; dan ii) Kemudahan Had Pelabuhan Johor Bahru.
4.11.2.1 Kemudahan Had Pelabuhan Pasir Gudang
Di bahagian timur Selat Johor, Had Pelabuhan Pasir Gudang merangkumi Terminal Pelabuhan Johor di Pasir Gudang dan Terminal Tanjung Langsat di Tanjung Langsat. Terdapat terminal pendaratan bagi penumpang feri di Stulang Laut, Johor Bahru, Terminal Feri Tanjung Pengelih dan Terminal Feri Belungkor di Sungai Belungkor.
4.11.2.2 Kemudahan Had Pelabuhan Johor Bahru
Kemudahan marin di bahagian barat Selat Johor dalam Had Pelabuhan Johor Bahru merangkumi beberapa marina (Danga Bay dan Puteri Harbour) dan Terminal Feri Puteri Harbour.
5. Kawasan Sensitif Alam Sekitar (KSAS)
5.1 KSAS di Malaysia
Beberapa Kawasan Sensitif Alam Sekitar (KSAS) berada di dalam linkungan kawasan kajian. Tahap dan jarak bagi setiap KSAS dinyatakan dalam Jadual E8. Lokasi KSAS ditunjukkan dalam Rajah E5.
5.2 KSAS di Singapura
Cadangan tapak projek terletak hanya 290 m dari sempadan antarabangsa Malaysia-Singapura. KSAS di Singapura disenaraikan dalam Jadual 5.4. Secara umumnya, KSAS di Singapura merangkumi kawasan rekreasi, tanah lembap dan akuakultur. Jarak KSAS yang terdekat ialah Woodlands Waterfront Jetty yang kurang daripada 1 km dari kawasan tapak projek. Lokasi KSAS Singapura boleh dirujuk di dalam Rajah E3.
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Malaysia: 1. Aquaculture at 1 Plentong 2. Sg. Tebrau 3. Sg. Latoh 4. Sg. Stulang 5 2 5. Istana Tengku MALAYSIA Mahkota Johor 6. Stulang Laut Beach 7. Muzium Diraja Sultan Abu Bakar 3 8. Istana Bukit Serene 8 9. Lido Beach 10 10. Sg. Skudai 9 11. Sg. Danga 4 11 Johor Bahru 6 12. Aquaculture at Sg. Melayu 13. Sg. Melayu 7 13 12 14 14 20 19 21 15 14 22 16 18 23
24 17
Singapore: 14. Lim Chu Kang Fish Farms 15. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve 16. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve Extension 17. Kranji Nature Park 18. Mangrove at Sg. Mandai Kechil 19. Mangrove at Admiralty Park 20. Woodlands Waterfront 21. Mangrove at Sg. Simpang 22. Mangrove at Pulau Seletar 23. Mangrove at Khatib Bongsu 24. Kitin Mudflat
Legend: Rajah E3 Plot 1a Aquaculture Mangrove Seagrass Lokasi Kawasan Sensitif Plot 1b Monument Site Forest Reserve Mudflat Alam Sekitar Plot 2a Recreational 5 km Buffer Tourism Plot 2b Reclaimed Area International Boundary (JUPEM, 1979)
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Jadual E8 KSAS di sekitar Tapak Projek di Malaysia
Peringkat KSAS KSAS Lokasi Jarak (km)
Bakau Muara Sungai Tebrau 3.97 Bakau Muara Sungai Latoh 2.93 Bakau Muara Sungai Stulang 1.79 Bakau Muara Sungai Melayu 5.14 Akuakultur Kg. Sungai Melayu 5.03 Lain-lain Akuakultur Plentong 5.02 Tapak Monumen Istana Tengku Mahkota Johor 2.94 Tapak Monumen Muzium Diraja Sultan Abu Bakar 0.44 Tapak Monumen Istana Bukit Serene 4.79 Rekreasi Pantai Stulang Laut 1.34
KSAS Lokasi Jarak (km) Jadual E9 KSAS di Singapura Pulau Seletar 9.54 Sungai Mandai Kechil 1.14 Bakau Sungai Simpang 8.22 Khatib Bongsu 8.90 Dataran Lumpur Kitin Mudflats 10.11 Sungei Buloh Wetland 3.40 Woodlands Waterfront 0.98 Rekreasi Admiralty Park 1.24 Kranji Nature Park 3.20 Akuakultur Lim Chu Kang Fish Farm 3.54 Woodlands Waterfront Jetty 0.98 Shell Woodlands Jetty 0.9 Senoko Fishing Port 1.9 Jetty at Senoko Power Station 2.3 Struktur Marin Jetty at Senoko City Gas 3.8 Sembawang Camp Jetty 4.5 Jetty at SAF Yacht Club 4.9 Port at Sembawang 5.9
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-19 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 6. Persekitaran Biologi Sedia Ada
6.1 Flora Terestrial: Bakau
6.1.1 Sungai Melayu
Kawasan bakau di Sungai Melayu adalah lebih baik dari kawasan barat (seperti Sungai Tuan dan Sg Bahan). Tinjauan flora mencatatkan sejumlah 57 takson dalam 43 genus daripada 32 famili yang melibatkan 32 spesies bakau ekslusif, 22 spesies bakau tidak ekslusif dan 3 spesies bakau asosiasi.
6.1.2 Sungai Stulang, Sungai Kuda, Sungai Tebrau, Pulau Lokan dan Sungai Permas
Tinjauan menunjukkan hutan bakau sangat subur meskipun diancam pencemaran debris dan sisa domestik. Spesies Avicennia rumphiana dand Rhizophora apiculata antara pokok yang tertinggi dengan anggaran ketinggian 25 meter dan merupakan perumah bagi pemanjat Dischidia nummularia, Finlaysonia obovata dan Derris trifoliata. Sejumlah 21 spesies bakau ekslusif direkodkan dan jumlah ini dijangka meningkat jika tinjauan dibuat sehingga bahagian dalam hutan.
6.2 Fauna Terestrial: Burung
Secara keseluruhan, terdapat 31 spesies burung dicatatkan dalam kawasan kajian. Semua burung ini dikelaskan sebagai “Kurang diberi Perhatian” dalam Senarai Kategori dan Kriteria Merah IUCN (Edisi ke 3.1) kecuali burung Botak Upeh iaitu Milky Stork dan Painted Stork yang dikelaskan masing-masing sebagai “Terancam” dan “Hampir Terancam”.
6.3 Fauna Marin
6.3.1 Fitoplankton
Sejumlah 68 spesies fitoplankton dicatatkan dalam kawasan kajian. Kebanyakan spesies fitoplankton dinyatakan seperti Bacillariophyta (22 genus), diikuti dinoflagela (3 genus; Pyrophyta), dan diatom (1 genus; Chrysophyta).
6.3.2 Zooplankton
Kelimpahan tertinggi bagi zooplankton ialah kopepoda (1077 ind/m3) yang dicatatkan di Stesen ST6 yang terletak berhampiran dengan Tambak Johor. Kelimpahan kedua tertinggi terdapat di Stesen 8 yang terletak berdekatan dengan muara Sungai Tebrau. Kelimpahan terendah bagi zooplankton di kawasan tepi pantai dan paling tercemar adalah di Stesen ST2.
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6.3.3 Macrobentos
Sejumlah 3293 individu makrobentos daripada 11 famili berbeza telah disampelkan dan dikenalpasti. Polychaeta merupakan takson paling dominan dengan 78.95% daripada semua makrobentos yang ditemui dalam kawasan kajian. Moluska membentuk kumpulan kedua terbesar dengan 15.53% daripada jumlah sampel individu manakala Krustasea kurang dominan dengan 5.51% sampel. Polychaeta daripada famili Spinidae dan Pilargidae menyumbang kepada jumlah bilangan individu tertinggi bagi filum ini dengan kiraan masing-masing 2,328 dan 223 individu.
6.3.4 Kehidupan Marin Lain i) Fauna di Persisiran Bakau
Terdapat 12 makroinvertebrata wujud dan antara spesies paling banyak ditemui di kawasan kajian ialah Potamodidae, Cerithidea obtusa; Neritidae,Nerita sp. dan ketam sesarmid. ii) Dugong
Hasil daripada tinjauan menunjukkan tiada rekod dugong ditemui dalam 5 km radius dari tapak projek. Bangkai dugong pernah dilaporkan ditemui berdekatan di kawasan Tanjung Langsat di sistem kuala Sungai Johor. Kehadiran dugong sering dikaitkan dengan kewujudan spesies rumput laut (Halophila dan Halodules) dan penerimaan kualiti air yang baik di sekitar kuala- kuala sungai di Tanjung Langsat, Tanjung Surat, Sungai Lebam dan Sungai Shanti. iii) Komuniti Ikan dan Sektor Perikanan
Senarai spesies ikan telah direkodkan di kawasan pantai Selat Johor berdekatan dengan Tambak Johor, anak Sungai Plentong dan Sungai Tebrau, termasuk juga kawasan bakau di sekitar tapak projek. Berdasarkan persampelan dan maklumat daripada penduduk tempatan, sumber perikanan adalah sangat kurang di kawasan hilir Sungai Plentong dan Sungai Tebrau. Spesies ikan yang biasa ditemui ialah spesies ikan duri (Arius spp. dan Plotosus spp.) dan banyak spesies ikan bersaiz kecil yang tidak mempunyai nilai komersil.
Kebanyakan aktiviti akuakultur di Selat Johor melibatkan bivalvia besar (Perna varidis) yang menggunakan kaedah rakit dan ropping. Semua aktiviti akuakultur mendapat bantuan teknikal dan galakan daripada Jabatan Perikanan.
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Bahagian ini membincangkan profil sosio ekonomi bagi penduduk tempatan yang menerima impak daripada projek ini serta pandangan dan tahap kesedaran mereka terhadap projek. Kajian ini juga meninjau tahap penerimaan sosial terhadap projek. Penerimaan sosial adalah kritikal bagi menentukan pelaksanaan projek ini berjalan lancar. Tinjuan ini melibatkan survei pandangan awam melalui soal-selidik kepada komuniti nelayan dan orang awam dalam kawasan dengan 5 km dari tapak projek (Rajah E4). Tinjauan soal-selidik melibatkan 392 responden yang dipilih secara rawak daripada kalangan ketua keluarga (merujuk kepada orang awam), pemilik perniagaan, pengguna pantai dan nelayan di zon impak (Jadual E10).
Jadual E10 Komponen dan Saiz Sampel Populasi Nelayan: Awam: Kawasan No. Perumahan No. Kampung Bakar Batu 13 Kim Peng Park 10 Kampung Senibong 10 Bukit Ungku Aziz 9 Sungai Temon 10 Wadi Hana 9 Total 33 Taman Abad 9 Pengendali Perniagaan : Taman Kebun Teh 8 Lokasi No. Taman Melodies 10 Taman Abad 5 Taman Sentosa 11 Taman Kebun Teh 3 Taman Seri Tebrau 10 Jalan Kebun Teh 1 Taman Seri Tebrau Jaya 8 Taman Melodies 2 Taman Pelangi 7 Bandaraya JB 18 Taman Serene 8 JB City Square 15 Taman Setulang Laut 10 Jalan Siu Chin 10 Kampung Setulang Laut 10 Persiaran Meldrum 14 Kampung Setulang Darat 9 Stulang Laut 14 Taman Pasir Pelangi 9 Jumlah 82 Kampung Mohd. Amin 9 Pengguna Pantai/ Pelancong Flat Perumahn Yahya Awal 12 Lokasi No. Kuarters RTM 8 Tanjung Puteri 5 Kuarters Ulu Air Molek 14 Johor Bahru 17 Taman Nong Chik 5 Larkin 10 Taman Kolam Air 7 Tmn. Merdeka 9 Kampung Jawa 4 Stulang Laut 19 Straits View 4 Jumlah 60 Kampung Bakar Batu 2 Kampung Senibong 4 Taman Bakti 5 Taman Imigresen 6 Jumlah 217 Jumlah keseluruhan = 392 Sumber: Data Lapangan, 2014
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Taman Imigresen
MALAYSIA Wadi Hana
Kim Teng Park Bukit Ungku Aziz
Johor Bahru
n M Johor
Legend: Plot 1a Plot 2b 5 km Buffer Plot 1b Reclaimed Area Plot 2a International Boundary (JUPEM, 1979)
Rajah E4 Zon Impak dan Kawasan Perumahan dalam Lingkungan 5 Km
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Kajian ini juga mengambil kira pandangan orang awam berhubung potensi impak projek terhadap komponen alam sekitar. Pandangan mengenai kebaikan dan keburukan projek kepada sosio-ekonomi disenaraikan dalam Jadual E11.
Jadual E11 Pandangan Terhadap Kebaikan Dan Keburukan Sosio-Ekonomi (% Mengatakan Ya) Orang Pengendali Pengguna Pandangan Nelayan Awam Perniagaan Pantai Kebaikan: Peluang pekerjaan kepada ahli keluarga 18.2 48.4 55.0 45.0 Peluang pekerjaan kepada penduduk tempatan 33.3 61.8 61.3 51.7 Peningkatan kemudahan asas 81.8 100.0 100.0 86.7 Peningkatan nilai tanah/hartanah 84.8 100.0 100.0 95.0 Peningkatan taraf hidup 27.9 100.0 100.0 93.3 Peningkatan peluang perniagaan 48.5 100.0 100.0 66.7 Peningkatan peluang pemilikan hartanah 18.2 1.4 7.5 15.0 Peningkatan perdagangan antarabangsa 36.4 95.4 98.8 90.0 Keburukan: Kehilangan pekerjaan 18.2 - - 11.7 Kehilangan sumber pendapatan 60.6 - - 6.7 Pengurangan kawasan perikanan 97.0 91.7 91.3 93.3 Berpindah - - - 3.3 Kehilangan hartanah 18.2 - - 8.3 Kemungkinan masyarakat tempatan 84.8 10.6 8.8 38.3 dipinggirkan Sumber: Data lapangan, 2014
Pandangan nelayan berhubung impak penambakan terhadap aktiviti perikanan turut direkodkan. Data menunjukkan para nelayan bersetuju bahawa kerja-kerja penambakan akan mengganggu aktiviti perikanan, memberi kesan kepada jumlah tangkapan ikan, merosakkan peralatan menangkap ikan dan meningkatkan kos penangkapan ikan (Jadual E12).
Impak Penambakan Peratus Jadual E12 Gangguan aktiviti perikanan 92.3 Pandangan Nelayan Berhubung Memberi kesan kepada pendaratan ikan 92.3 Impak Penambakan Terhadap Kerosakan alatan menangkap ikan 84.6 Aktiviti Perikanan Peningkatan kos penangkapan ikan 100.0 Sumber: Tinjauan Lapangan, 2014
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Hakisan tanah dan enapan adalah perkara kritikal yang timbul akibat pelaksanaan projek baru, terutamanya yang berdekatan dengan kawasan air. Hakisan tanah adalah proses kehilangan permukaan tanah yang disebabkan oleh air, angin atau graviti. Enapan pula merupakan pemendapan zarah-zarah partikel yang terhakis daripada puncanya (permukaan tanah) dan dibawa mengikut aliran air (larian permukaan). Semasa pembinaan, besen enapan dan tebing tanah akan dibina. Pengiraan hakisan dibuat di Fasa 1 sahaja.
Tapak projek adalah merupakan kawasan baru yang ditambak. Kuantiti kehilangan tanah akibat hakisan dan enapan adalah sangat kecil dan boleh dikawal dengan pelaksanaan Pelan Kawalan Hakisan dan Enapan (ESCP). Kawasan projek telah ditambak dengan pasir kasar dengan kebolehtelapan air yang tinggi. Oleh itu, hakisan tanah akan berkurang dengan banyak kerana sebahagian besar air hujan masuk ke dalam tanah berbanding dengan yang mengalir pada permukaan tanah.
9. Potensi Impak dan Langkah Kawalan bagi Persekitaran Fizikal dan Biologi
Ringkasan impak dan langkah kawalan bagi projek ini disenaraikan dalam Jadual E13.
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Jadual E13 Ringkasan Impak
Komponen Alam Aktiviti Projek Potensi Impak Langkah Kawalan Sekitar Yang Terjejas
1. Serakan Sedimen i) Penambakan i) Pemasangan Tirai Kelodak dan Penurunan Kualiti Air ■ Keluasan: 78.36 ekar i) Timur Selat Johor ■ Timur Selat Johor ■ Isipadu Bahan Tambakan: 7,150,000 m3 Serakan sedimen menjangkaui sempadan di antara Malaysia dan Singapura. Kepekatan Serakan sedimen tidak menjangkaui sempadan Malaysia dan Singapura. Kepekatan ■ Tempoh masa: 16 bulan maksimum sedimen terampai lebih daripada 3, 5, dan 10 mg/L tersebar sejauh 2.4, 1.5 maksimum sedimen terampai lebih daripada 3 mg/L tersebar sejauh 0.02 dan 0.15 km dari dan 0.5 km dari punca di kawasan penambakan. punca di kawasan penambakan. Aktiviti Penambakan:
Malaysia- Singapore ■ Pembinaan benteng Malaysia- Malaysia- BoundarySingapore Singapore perimeter. Boundary Boundary ■ Pengangkutan bahan binaan dan pasir. ■ Peletakan pasir. ■ Pembinaan struktur lapis lindung pantai.
a) Purata b) Maksimum a) Purata b) Maksimum Purata dan Maksimum Kepekatan Sedimen Terampai disebabkan Aktiviti Penambakan di Timur Selat Johor Purata dan Maksimum Kepekatan Sedimen Terampai disebabkan Aktiviti Penambakan di timur Selat Johor (Keadaan Tidak Dikepung) (dengan Tirai Kelodak)
ii) Barat Selat Johor ■ Barat Selat Johor
Serakan sedimen menjangkaui sempadan Malaysia-Singapura. Kepekatan maksimum Serakan sedimen tidak menjangkaui sempadan Malaysia dan Singapura. Kepekatan sedimen terampai lebih daripada 3, 5 and 10 mg/L tersebar jauh to 1.8, 1.4 and 0.8 km maksimum sedimen terampai lebih daripada 3 mg/L tersebar sejauh 0.02 dan 0.1 km dari dari punca di kawasan penambakan. punca di kawasan penambakan.
Malaysia- SingaporeMalaysia - Malaysia- BoundarySingapore Singapore Boundary Boundary
a) Purata b) Maksimum a) Purata b) Maksimum Purata dan Maksimum Kepekatan Sedimen Terampai disebabkan Aktiviti Penambakan di barat Selat Johor Purata dan Maksimum Kepekatan Sedimen Terampai disebabkan Aktiviti Penambakan di barat Selat Johor (Keadaan Tidak Dikepung) (dengan Tirai Kelodak)
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-26 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Jadual E13 (samb) Ringkasan Impak
Komponen Alam Sekitar Aktiviti Projek Potensi Impak Langkah Kawalan Yang Terjejas 1. Serakan Sedimen dan i) Penambakan ii) Pemantauan atas Talian Penurunan Kualiti Air samb.. samb.. Pemantauan atas talian salah satu cara untuk: ■ Mengesan sebarang impak yang tidak dijangka di peringkat awal. ■ Mewujudkan tindakan yang sewajarnya untuk menangani masalah impak. ■ Untuk memastikan had yang ditetapkan diadaptasi.
iii) Rawatan Perimeter
Pembinaan benteng perimeter disarankan untuk mengurangkan serakan pasir halus. iii) Kawasan Sensitif Alam Sekitar (KSAS)
Serakan sedimen kesan daripada penambakan adalah tidak signifikan kerana lebihan i) Pemasangan tirai kelodak adalah perlu untuk menghalang endapan terampai kepekatan maksimum hanyalah 5 mg/L. menghampiri KSAS.
Malaysia: 1. Aquaculture at Plentong 1 2. Sg. Tebrau 3. Sg. Latoh 4. Sg. Stulang MALAYSIA 5 2 5. Istana Tengku Tanjung Puteri MALAYSIA Mahkota Johor 6. Stulang Laut Beach 7. Muzium Diraja Sultan Abu Bakar 3 8. Istana Bukit Serene 8 9. Lido Beach 10 10. Sg. Skudai 9 11. Sg. Danga 4 Johor Bahru 11 Johor Bahru 6 12. Aquaculture at Sg. Melayu 13. Sg. Melayu 7 13 12 14 14 20 19 21 15 14 22 16 18 23
24 17
Singapore: 14. Lim Chu Kang Fish Farms 15. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve Johor 16. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve Extension 17. Kranji Nature Park Causeway 18. Mangrove at Sg. Mandai Kechil 19. Mangrove at Admiralty Park 20. Woodlands Waterfront 21. Mangrove at Sg. Simpang 22. Mangrove at Pulau Seletar 23. Mangrove at Khatib Bongsu 24. Kitin Mudflat
Legend: Plot 1a Aquaculture Mangrove Seagrass Legend: Plot 1b Monument Site Forest Reserve Mudflat Plot 1a Plot 1b Plot 2a Plot 2b Online Monitoring Station Plot 2a Recreational 5 km Buffer Tourism Silt Curtain Reclaimed Area International Boundary (JUPEM, 1979) Plot 2b Reclaimed Area International Boundary (JUPEM, 1979) Lokasi Kawasan Sensitif Alam Sekitar Lokasi Tirai Kelodak dan Pemantauan atas Talian
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-27 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Jadual E13 (samb) Ringkasan Impak Komponen Alam Aktiviti Projek Potensi Impak Langkah Kawalan Sekitar Yang Terjejas 2. Hidrodinamik Selepas i) Timur Selat Johor Penambakan ■ Keadaan dengan Projek ■ Keadaan dengan Projek dan Pembangunan Komited Halaju purata dan maksimum bagi keadaan sedia ada adalah sangat perlahan Halaju purata dan maksimum bagi keadaan sedia ada adalah sangat perlahan iaitu masing-masing iaitu masing-masing kurang daripada 0.02 dan 0.08 m/s. kurang daripada 0.02 dan 0.15 m/s.
Malaysia-Singapore Malaysia-Singapore Boundary Boundary
a) Purata Halaju Arus b) Halaju Arus Maksimum a) Purata Halaju Arus b) Halaju Arus Maksimum Perbandingan Perubahan Halaju Purata dan Maksimum di Timur Selat Johor: Keadaan Perbandingan Perubahan Halaju Purata Dan Maksimum di Timur Selat Johor: Keadaan Sedia Ada Sedia Ada dengan Keadaan ‘dengan Projek’. dengan Keadaan ‘dengan Projek dan Pembangunan Komited Lain’
ii) Barat Selat Johor
■ Keadaan dengan Projek ■ Keadaan dengan Projek dan Pembangunan Komited Tiada langkah kawalan Perubahan halaju arus adalah kecil di bawah 0.05 m/s. Halaju arus di pembangunan tapak Halaju arus purata dan maksimum bagi keadaan sedia ada adalah sangat perlahan iaitu masing- diperlukan. Projek kurang daripada 0.05 m/s pada setiap masa. masing kurang daripada 0.06 dan 0.15 m/s.
Malaysia-Singapore Malaysia- Boundary Singapore
a) Purata Halaju Arus b) Halaju Arus Maksimum a) Purata Halaju Arus b) Halaju Arus Maksimum
Perbandingan Perubahan Halaju Arus Purata dan Maksimum di Barat Selat Johor: Keadaan Perbandingan Perubahan Halaju Arus Purata dan Maksimum di Barat Selat Johor: Keadaan Sedia Sedia Ada dengan Keadaan ‘dengan Projek’ Ada dengan Keadaan ‘dengan Projek dan Pembangunan Komited Lain’
iii) Impak Perubahan Halaju Arus terhadap KSAS
Secara keseluruhan, halaju arus purata dan maksimum berikutan pelaksanaan Projek adalah kurang daripada 0.1 m/s. Perubahan halaju arus adalah tidak signifikan terhadap laluan dan serakan sedimen.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-28 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Jadual E13 (samb) Ringkasan Impak Komponen Alam Aktiviti Projek Potensi Impak Langkah Kawalan Sekitar Yang Terjejas 3. Ombak Selepas i) Timur Selat Johor Penambakan ■ Keadaan dengan Projek
Tiada perubahan signifikan bagi perubahan ketinggian ombak pada keadaan dengan projek.
Malaysia-Singapore Boundary
a) 90°N b) 120°N c) 150°N d) 180°N Simulasi Ombak Luar Pesisir di Timur Selat Johor: Keadaan ‘dengan Projek’ Tiada langkah kawalan diperlukan.
■ Keadaan dengan Projek dan Pembangunan Komited
Tiada perubahan signifikan disebabkan oleh kehadiran pembangunan komited kecuali bagi rambatan ombak dari 210 dan 240oN.
Malaysia-Singapore Boundary
a) 90°N b) 120°N c) 150°N d) 180°N Simulasi Ombak Luar Pesisir di Timur Selat Johor: Keadaan ‘Dengan Projek dan Pembangunan Komited Lain’
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-29 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Jadual E13 (samb) Ringkasan Impak
Komponen Alam Aktiviti Projek Potensi Impak Langkah Kawalan Sekitar Yang Terjejas 3. Ombak Selepas ii) Barat Selat Johor samb... Penambakan ■ Keadaan dengan Projek
Ombak yang tertinggi dicatatkan di tapak Projek adalah sehingga 0.1 m dari rambatan 240°N.
Malaysia-Singapore
a) 150°N b) 180°N c) 210°N d) 240°N Simulasi Ombak Luar Pesisir di Barat Selat Johor: Keadaan ‘dengan Projek’
Tiada langkah kawalan diperlukan ■ Keadaan dengan Projek dan Pembangunan Komited
Tiada perubahan ketinggian ombak di sepanjang persisiran pantai dari ombak yang datang dari 150°U dan 180°U. Bagi ombak yang merambat dari 210°N dan 240°N, terdapat penurunan ketinggian sebanyak 0.05 m.
Malaysia-Singapore
a) 150°N b) 180°N c) 210°N d) 240°N Simulasi Ombak Luar Pesisir di Barat Selat Johor: Keadaan ‘Dengan Projek dan Pembangunan Komited Lain’
iii) Impak Ombak terhadap KSAS Tiada perubahan signifikan kepada ketinggian ombak di sepanjang timur Selat Johor selepas pembangunan. Bagi keadaan ‘ dengan Projek dan pembangunan komited lain’, ketinggian ombak secara umumnya lebih rendah berbanding dengan keadaan ‘dengan Tiada langkah kawalan diperlukan Projek’ di semua bahagian titik pengekstrakan (kurang daripada 50%).
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-30 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Jadual E13 (samb) Ringkasan Impak
Komponen Alam Aktiviti Projek Potensi Impak Langkah Kawalan Sekitar Yang Terjejas
4. Hakisan dan Selepas i) Keadaan dengan Projek Enapan Penambakan Tiada perubahan yang signifikan kepada pola enapan dan hakisan di kawasan persekitaran tapak Projek bagi timur dan barat Selat Johor.
ii) Keadaan dengan Projek dan Pembangunan Komited Tiada langkah kawalan diperlukan.
Perubahan paras dasar disebabkan oleh Projek dan pembangunan komited adalah sangat kecil iaitu kurang daripada 0.05 m/tahun di timur dan barat Selat Johor.
iii) Impak Pengangkutan Sedimen terhadap KSAS Pemantauan Perubahan Kedalaman Dasar Tinjauan batimetrik dan persisiran pantai secara berkala mestilah dilakukan untuk menilai persisiran pantai ■ Tiada impak signifikan ke atas enapan dan hakisan. dan perubahan paras dasar semasa dan selepas pembangunan. Laporan bagi setiap tinjauan ini perlu dihantar ■ Tiada perubahan signifikan kepada perubahan paras dasar yang disebabkan kepada Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran (JPS) oleh pembangunan. 5. Kualiti Air Selepas i) Larian permukaan dari tapak pembinaan mungkin terkandung banyak pepejal i) Pemasangan tirai kelodak daripada aktiviti penambakan akan dikekalkan semasa proses pembinaan. Penambakan terampai (SS) dan bahan pencemar yang lain. Namun, jenis tanah di tapak projek ii) Minyak dan gris mesti disimpan dengan baik di bawah pengawasan struktur pembendungan dengan mengandungi pasir, tiada impak terhadap kualiti air. kapasiti 110% saiz tangki kelincir. ii) Bengkel penyelenggaraan mestilah dibina semasa kerja-kerja pembinaan. Minyak iii) Perangkap kelodak akan dibina dengan saiz dan lokasi yang bersesuaian pada sistem perparitan dan gris akan meningkat dan mengurangkan keberkesanan proses fotosintesis di sementara. kawasan air seterusnya produktiviti biologikal akan berkurang. iv) Kawalan enapan dan hakisan seperti yang dicadangkan dalam Bab 8: Pelan Kawalan Hakisan dan Enapan iii) Tumpahan konkrit daripada aktiviti pembinaan akan mengalir masuk ke laluan air. (ESCP) mesti dipatuhi. Konkrit mengandungi bahan kimia dan kualiti air akan merosot. v) Ban atau dinding penyimpanan mesti dibina di sekitar kawasan pelupusan. vi) Tandas sementara mesti disediakan. vii) Sisa berjadual mestilah disimpan di dalam drum yang elok dan disimpan di tempat penyimpanan yang sesuai. 6. Kualiti Udara Penambakan Impak yang mungkin berlaku adalah kesan Jirim Partikulat (PM) kepada kesihatan orang awam disebabkan pelepasan asap dari ekzos kenderaan seperti ekzos diesel. Tiada langkah kawalan diperlukan.
Selepas Impak yang mungkin berlaku adalah kesan Jirim Partikulat (PM) kepada kesihatan orang i) Penghadang angin mestilah dipasang supaya halaju angin dapat dikurangkan untuk membenarkan Penambakan awam disebabkan pelepasan asap dari ekzos kenderaan seperti ekzos diesel. pemendapan habuk zarah bersaiz besar berlaku. ii) Penggunaan air adalah digalakkan untuk mengawal habuk di tempat kerja-kerja tanah dilakukan. iii) Prosedur standard penghapusan habuk seperti percikan air mestilah dilakukan dengan kerap. iv) Kemudahan membasuh tayar kenderaan haruslah disediakan. 7. Hingar Penambakan Aktiviti penambakan seperti rawatan, padatan dan pembaikan tanah menghasilkan hingar. Oleh kerana kawasan projek berdekatan dengan bandar yang sibuk, impak Tiada langkah kawalan diperlukan. hingar adalah tidak signifikan. Selepas Aktiviti pembinaan akan menghasilkan paras hingar yang berlebihan dan akan i) Mengawal masa pembinaan menghasilkan hingar adalah dari jam 0700 hingga jam 2000 sahaja. Penambakan mengganggu ketenteraman kawasan sekitar.Hingar yang dihasilkan samaada berterusan ii) Kerja-kerja cerucuk perlu dielakkan selepas jam 7 petang untuk menjaga ketenteraman awam. atau secara berkala. iii) Permit perlu diperolehi untuk melakukan kerja-kerja pembinaan di luar waktu kerja. iv) Penyelengggaraan enjin diesel perlu dilakukan untuk mengelakkan bunyi hingar berlebihan akibat daripada kerosakan peralatan.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-31 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Jadual E13 (samb) Ringkasan Impak
Komponen Alam Aktiviti Projek Potensi Impak Langkah Kawalan Sekitar Yang Terjejas
8. Komponen Biologi Penambakan Komuniti Akuatik dan Kawasan i) Kehilangan kekal akan berlaku terhadap organisma makrobentik di kawasan i) Pelaksanaan Pelan Tindakan dan Respons Pencegahan Tumpahan Minyak. Sensitif Alam tambakan. ii) Bahan binaan mestilah dipasang dengan selamat pada kapal. Sekitar (KSAS) ii) Peningkatan kekeruhan air mengakibatkan cahaya yang masuk ke dalam air menjadi iii) Klausa-klausa yang dimasukkan dalam kontrak mestilah mengambil kira usaha untuk memelihara alam rendah dan mengganggu organisma yang bergantung kepada cahaya. sekitar. iii) Tumpahan minyak, bahan kimia dan bahan pencemar yang lain ke dalam laut mungkin akan berlaku. Bahan pencemar akan membahayakan komuniti akuatik sekitar kawasan projek. Penambakan Kawasan Sensitif Alam Sekitar (KSAS) i) Tahap TSS dan kekeruhan yang tinggi berpotensi menggangu aktiviti akuakultur. i) Kepekatan sedimen tersebar dari penambakan adalah rendah. ii) Peningkatan ketinggian ombak mungkin menjejaskan kestabilan struktur akuakultur ii) Tiada impak kepada ketinggian ombak di mana ia berkurangan sebanyak 0.04 m. iii) Tidak ada peningkatan atau penurunan dalam kelajuan arus ke arah pantai atau mana-mana KSAS yang berhampiran. 9. Trafik Marin Penambakan i) Kerosakan fizikal mungkin disebabkan oleh kerja-kerja pembinaan dan pergerakan i) Pematuhan kepada undang-undang seperti Conventions of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), kapal-kapal. International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs). ii) Ikan-ikan akan hilang untuk sementara waktu semasa kerja-kerja pembinaan. ii) Ketibaan, perjalanan, pelepasan semua kapal (tongkang dan bot tunda) mestilah dilaporkan kepada iii) Pukat hanyut berisiko untuk tersangkut pada struktur marin dan struktur sementara Kawalan Pelabuhan Johor. yang lain. iii) Nelayan-nelayan mestilah diberitahu terlebih dahulu sebelum kerja-kerja penambakan dijalankan. iv) Semua kapal yang terlibat dalam projek ini mestilah diperiksa oleh pemeriksa dari Jabatan Laut. v) Pertambahan trafik marin yang disebabkan oleh kerja-kerja pembinaan perlu dipantau oleh pihak berkuasa. 10. Penjanaan Sisa Selepas i) Bahan sisa berkemungkinan mempunyai bahan berbahaya. i) Bagi sisa berjadual, Penggerak Projek mestilah menggunakan khidmat kontraktor berlesen. Buangan Penambakan ii) Sisa kumbahan yang dihasilkan dari kem pekerja dan pejabat di tapak binaan. ii) Sisa terawat yang dibuang mestilah mengikut garis panduan Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulation iii) Kemudahan tandas yang tidak bersih mengakibatkan sisa yang dikeluarkan ke 2009 (EQ(S)R, 2009). longkang mengalir ke dalam laut. iii) Penyediaan tandas bergerak dan unit rawatan mestilah mencukupi di kawasan kem pekerja. iv) Pelepasan secara terus sisa yang tidak dirawat akanmenjejaskan kualiti air. iv) Tandas bergerak dan unit rawatan yang disediakan mestilah mematuhi spesifikasi yang telah ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Kesihatan dan Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara (SPAN). v) Pembuangan sampah mestilah dikendalikan oleh pemungut sampah yang berlesen. vi) Sisa bahan binaan mestilah dikutip dan disimpan di kawasan yang ditetapkan sebelum dilupuskan.
Selepas i) Pelepasan air sisa secara terus ke laut dengan sedikit atau tiada rawatan i) Loji rawatan sisa (STP) yang dicadangkan untuk pembangunan ini mestilah dirawar secar berpusat dengan Penambakan mengakibatkan kawasan air (air laut) tercemar. sistem integrasi yang diluluskan oleh Jabatan Perkhidmatan Pembentungan (JPP). Air sisa yang dirawat (Operasi) ii) Pembangunan di tanah baru, melibatkan kawasan perumahan dan komersil akan mestilah mematuhi Standard A had buangan sisa oleh JAS. menghasilkan sisa buangan (air basuhan dan sisa pepejal). ii) Sisa buangan yang dhasilkan dari pejabat dan pusat komunti mestilah diasingkan. iii) Sisa pepejal yang tidak diurus akan menyebabkan pengaliran ke dalam kawasan iii) Sisa pepejal akan dilupuskan di tapak pelupusan berdekatan dengan kawasan Johor Bahru. persisiran air, terutama semasa musim hujan. iv) Penghuni perlu dimaklumkan dan sedar tentang pembakaran secara terbuka adalah dilarang. v) Pengurusan sisa berjadual mestilah mengikuti prosedur dalam Peraturan Kualiti Alam Sekitar (Sisa Berjadual) 2005, EQ(SW)R 2005. vi) Pemungut sisa persendirian perlu memastikan muatan sisa dilupuskan di kawasan pelupusan yng beroperasi dengan baik atau tapak pelupusan sampah. vii) Kekerapan pengumpulan sisa boleh dikurangkan dengan pengkomposan sisa berbau, sekaligus akan mengurangkan kos pemungutan sisa.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-32 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Jadual E13 (samb) Ringkasan Impak
Komponen Alam Aktiviti Projek Potensi Impak Langkah Kawalan Sekitar Yang Terjejas
11. Integriti Struktur Selepas Cadangan pembangunan tidak akan impak yang ketara kepada struktur dermaga kepada Tiada langkah kawalan diperlukan Penambakan jeti-jeti yang berhampiran. 12. Trafik Darat Selepas i) Penyuraian trafik dari tapak cadangan baru akan menambah jumlah trafik yang iii) Keadaan Pengendalian Jalan raya dan Persimpangan yang Utama Penambakan besar ke atas sistem jalan raya semasa. ii) Peringkat terendah Perkhidmatan (LOS) terletak di Jalan Sultan Ibrahim (RW7) yang Persimpangan utama yang dicadangkan sekitar cadangan pembangunan menyarankan kemudahan trafik disyorkan untuk dinaik taraf jalan sedia ada kepada Standard 2-lorong dwi laluan yang baik disediakan untuk mengawal aliran trafik akan datang dalam keadaan memuaskan. Berdasarkan kenderaan. analisis trafik sepanjang beberapa tahun mengambil kira impak pembangunan cadangan, kebanyakan persimpangan laluan sedang dalam kajian supaya dapat menampung trafik pada masa akan datang dengan sistem kawalan trafik sedia ada.
ii) Sistem Peredaran Trafik Dalaman
Sistem peredaran trafik dalam pangsapuri perkhidmatan dan kawasan komersil bagi setiap plot pembangunan akan mengikut pengendalian aliran satu hala bagi menyediakan kelancaran di sekitar kawasan bangunan tersebut.
iii) Sistem Pengangkutan Awam
Perkhidmatan bas ulang alik untuk komuniti yang perjalanan pergi/balik antara JB Sentral ke Plot 1 kawasan pembangunan mestilah dirancang. 13. Analisa Suasana Selepas Bangunan dan bangunan tinggi daripada cadangan pembangunan akan menghalang Pemandangan Penambakan suasana pemandangan dari bangunan dan bangunan tinggi sedia ada.
Senarai Bangunan Tinggi Terdekat yang Terkesan
Ketinggian Jarak dari Tapak No Nama Pemandangan dari Jenis Projek (km) Paras Laut (m) Tiada langkah kawalan diperlukan 1 Menara Tabung Haji 60 0.6 Pejabat Kompleks 2 Johor Bahru City Square 75 0.5 membeli-belah 3 Hotel Grand BlueWave 60 0.1 Hotel
Pemandangan dari Hotel Grand BlueWave Johor Bahru Pemandangan dari Menara Tabung Haji Pemandangan dari Johor Bahru City Square
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-33 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
Jadual E13 (samb) Ringkasan Impak
Komponen Alam Aktiviti Projek Potensi Impak Langkah Kawalan Sekitar Yang Terjejas
14. Peninggalan i) Penutupan i) Kerja-kerja penambakan dan pembinaan dihentikan buat sementara waktu dengan i) Mesin-mesin, peralatan dan kapal-kapal perlu dipindahkan keluar dari tapak projek. Projek Sementara tujuan untuk disambung pada masa hadapan. ii) Struktur-struktur yang tidak stabil dan sisa pepejal haruslah dilupuskan sebaiknya supaya tapak projek ii) Kegagalan rekaan, masalah kewangan dan keadaan cuaca yang buruk menyebabkan menjadi selamat dan stabil. kerja-kerja penambakan dan pembinaan diberhentikan buat sementara waktu. iii) Kemasukan orang awam ke tapak projek adalah dilarang. iv) Papan tanda keselamatan perlu diletak di kawasan bersesuaian dan mudah dilihat oleh nelayan dan pengguna jalan laut yang lain terutamanya pada waktu malam. v) Notis berkenaan pelan peninggalan perlu diberi kepada pengguna jalan laut yang lain. vi) Laluan berdekatan dengan tapak projek perlu ditanda untuk pengguna jalan laut. ii) Penutupan Kerja-kerja penambakan serta kerja-kerja binaan tidak akan disambung semula dan i) Penggerak Projek perlu memaklumkan Jabatan Laut supaya notis dikeluarkan kepada pengguna jalan laut Kekal tanah separa siap itu ditinggalkan. yang lain berkenaan tapak projek yang terbengkalai. ii) Struktur kekal yang tidak selamat harus dirobohkan untuk mengelakkan bahaya kemalangan dan risiko kepada keselamatan nelayan dan orang awam. iii) Sisa pembinaan dan sisa dari aktiviti perobohan struktur perlu dilupuskan di kawasan yang dibenarkan. iv) Benteng perimeter mestilah dibina terlebih dahulu. Sekiranya terdapat kerosakan benteng perimeter perlu dibaiki supaya bahan tambakan tidak keluar dan menjejaskan kualiti air. v) Kawasan permukaan yang terdedah perlu dilakukan pengeturfan bagi mengelakkan hakisan permukaan.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-34 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
10. Potensi Impak dan Langkah Kawalan bagi Persekitaran Manusia dan Kesihatan
Bab ini membincangkan potensi impak yang timbul daripada pembangunan projek kepada persekitaran manusia sedia ada.
10.1 Peringkat Pembinaan
10.1.1 Impak kepada Buruh
Pengambilan pekerja akan memberikan impak yang positif dan negatif. Antara impak positif projek ini ialah dapat memenuhi keperluan buruh di kawasan pembinaan, manakala kesan negatif projek ini ialah kesan yang mungkin timbul daripada pertembungan sosial dan budaya.
10.1.2 Impak kepada Pendapatan
Isu utama sosio-ekonomi adalah berkaitan dengan aktiviti ekonomi masyarakat setempat terutamanya komuniti nelayan. Peningkatan saiz populasi ini akan memberikan permintaan yang tinggi kepada keperluan asas dan perkhidmatan.
10.1.3 Impak kepada Keselamatan
Kemalangan semasa kerja berpotensi berlaku kepada pekerja sekiranya tidak diselia dan diurus dengan baik.
10.1.4 Impak kepada Ketenteraman dan Estetika
Aktiviti penambakan akan mencipta suasana kesibukan dan kebisingan yang berpanjangan. Aktiviti penambakan akan menggugat estetika bagi tapak projek terutamanya habuk semasa musim kering. Panorama alam seperti pemandangan laut yang menghadap persisiran Tanjung Puteri akan hilang.
10.1.5 Impak daripada Pembinaan dan Pengendalian Penempatan Pekerja
Pekerja pembinaan selalunya ditempatkan dalam kem pekerja. Ianya merupakan salah satu punca kepada risiko keselamatan dan kesihatan serta mampu menyebabkan konflik sosio- kebudayaan.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-35 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. 10.2 Pembangunan Tanah yang Baru Ditambak
10.2.1 Potensi Impak kepada Pekerjaan
Pembangunan bercampur pasti menjana peluang pekerjaan secara langsung daripada tenaga kerja mahir hingga separa mahir dalam pelbagai sektor pembangunan.
10.2.2 Potensi Impak kepada Pendapatan dan Hasil
Pekerjaan secara langsung menjamin pendapatan daripada gaji yang diperolehi. Ini akan memberikan ganjaran positif dengan meningkatkan pendapatan penduduk tempatan. Peningkatan perbelanjaan dalam kawasan tempatan turut menjana pendapatan penduduk. Namun, pertambahan perbelanjaan tempatan bergantung kepada jumlah yang dibelanjakan oleh pekerja luar sama ada mempunyai keluarga dalam negara ataupun tidak.
10.2.3 Potensi Impak kepada Kesan Penggandaan
Sebagai tambahan kepada kesan pekerjaan kepada penduduk tempatan atau serantau, projek ini mempunyai impak sekunder atau impak secara tidak langsung. Tenaga kerja dengan bayaran setimpal akan menggalakkan perbelanjaan barang runcit di kawasan tempatan bagi segala bentuk keperluan dan perkhidmatan.
10.2.4 Potensi Impak Demografi, Perumahan dan Perkhidmatan Lain
Tenaga kerja yang terlibat dalam operasi pembangunan projek datang daripada penduduk tempatan (berdekatan dalam kawasan projek) dan sebahagian lagi dari penduduk luar. Semua pekerja yang diambil bekerja dari kawasan luar dijangka akan berpindah ke kawasan pembangunan secara tetap.
10.2.5 Potensi Impak Sosio-Kebudayaan
Tenaga kerja yang berhijrah masuk bersama keluarga mereka akan memberi kesan impak yang besar termasuk:
i) Perubahan kepada campuran pekerjaan dan sosio-ekonomi di kawasan penduduk akan menyebabkan konflik kepada impak etnik, sosial atau kebudayaan; ii) Masalah integrasi antara bakal pembeli rumah dengan tenaga kerja (bersama keluarga) di tapak projek serta kepada komuniti setempat dengan aktiviti komuniti; dan iii) Kemungkinan berlaku pertembungan cara hidup atau tanggapan antara pendatang dan penduduk setempat/ penduduk bandar Johor Bahru.
Ringkasan Eksekutif RE-36 Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (Revision 01) for the Proposed R&F Tanjung Puteri Reclamation and Mixed Development, Johor
10.2.6 Potensi Impak Terhadap Kesihatan
10.2.6.1 Wabak Penyakit Berjangkit
Daripada data sedia ada, kawasan kajian cenderung kepada wabak penyakit berjangkit seperti STI, batuk kering dan demam denggi. Kemasukan beramai-ramai orang luar ke kawasan ini dijangka akan menyebabkan kesukaran dalam pelaksanaan program kesihatan yang akan menyebabkan wabak.
10.2.6.2 Kemalangan Trafik Bermotor
Daripada pembangunan perumahan dan komersil, potensi kemalangan jalan tidak dapat dielakkan oleh pejalan kaki dan pengguna jalan lain. Sistem jalanraya dan persimpangan yang kompleks dan kepadatan kepada pelbagai jenis kenderaan boleh menyumbang kepada masalah ini.
11 Sisa-Sisa Impak
Sisa-sisa impak melibatkan empat (4) aspek berikut: i) Penurunan kualiti air; ii) Hakisan dan mendapan; iii) Peningkatan trafik darat; dan iv) Perubahan suasana pemandangan.
12. Penilaian Ekonomi Alam Sekitar
Bahagian ini menggariskan kaedah dan membentangkan hasil penilaian ekonomi daripada impak alam sekitar. Kajian ini bertujuan mendapatkan kuantiti pertambahan dan kehilangan dalam perkhidmatan alam sekitar yang disebabkan oleh projek cadangan.
12.1 Penilaian Kos dan Faedah
Daripada empat komponen yang disenaraikan di dalam Jadual E14, terdapat satu komponen yang signifikan untuk dipertimbangkan bagi penilaian iaitu kehilangan dataran lumpur akibat kerja penambakan. Projek ini dijangkakan akan mengurangkan kadar perkhidmatan alam sekitar di kawasan yang terjejas. Kehilangan perkhidmatan alam sekitar diterangkan seperti di bawah.
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Table E14 Potentially Affected Environmental Services Potensi Impak Alam/ Perkhidmatan Lokasi/ Pihak No. Komponen Persekitaran Had Impak Fizikal Huraian Persekitaran yang Terjejas Berkepentingan Lokasi sebenar kawasan Sebahagian kawasan pantai akan ditambak penambakan dijelaskan untuk tujuan pembinaan perumahan, komersil, dalam bahagian Keterangan kemudahan dan perkhidmatan. Ini dijangkakan Projek dalam Laporan Utama Biologi Marin – Kehilangan Sejumlah 78.36 ekar (31.34 akan menyebabkan kehilangan secara kekal DEIA. dataran lumpur/ dasar laut hektar) akan ditambak: Plot Kehilangan kekal dataran lumpur/ dasar laut berlumpur. Kaedah kehilangan produktiviti 1 dataran lumpur/ dasar berlumpur. Dataran berlumpur disebabkan 1a (46.99 ekar) dan Plot 2a digunakan bagi menilai kehilangan perkhidmatan dan fungsi alam sekitar. lumpur berfungsi sebagai tapak sumber Pihak berkepentingan ialah penambakan (31.37 ekar). makanan dan habitat makrobentos. Aktiviti nelayan dan penduduk penambakan akan menyebabkan kehilangan setempat yang mendapat beberapa sumber penting kehidupan laut. faedah daripada sumber marin. Lokasi sebenar kawasan penambakan dinyatakan dalam bahagian Keterangan Projek dalam Laporan Utama Kawasan penambakan akan mengurangkan Guna tanah – kehilangan DEIA. Kawasan yang ditambak saiz kawasan penangkapan ikan. Nelayan akan Tinjauan sosio-ekonomi menunjukkan kawasan ditambak bukan merupakan kawasan perikanan. 2 kawasan penangkapan (78.36 ekar) dan kawasan terpaksa mencari kawasan perikanan alternatif Tiada penilaian diperlukan. ikan. Pihak berkepentingan ialah persekitaran yang terdekat. dan meningkatkan kos pengendalian. nelayan dan penduduk setempat yang mendapat faedah daripada sumber marin. Akuakultur di Sungai Plentong dan Sungai Melayu terletak lebih 5 km daripada Peningkatan pepejal terampai (TSS) semasa tapak projek. Begitu juga kerja penambakan akan memberi kesan Had impak secara umumnya kawasan bakau di Sg Stulang, kepada kualiti air di sekeliling. Produktiviti menjadi kecil apabila tirai aktiviti akuakultur di Plentong dan Sg Melayu Sg Latoh dan Sungai Tebrau kelodak dipasang semasa Langkah kawalan semasa pemasangan tirai kelodak semasa kerja penambakan akan (antara 2 hingga 5 km). 3 Kualiti Air (dalam bentuk kultur sangkar) akan memberi proses penambakan. Ini menyebabkan impak signifikan kepada kawasan akuakultur dan bakau. Tiada penilaian
kesan kepada pepejal terampai dalam jasad merangkumi kawasan tirai diperlukan. Pihak berkepentingan adalah air. Selain itu, kawasan bakau Sg Stulang, Sg kelodak dan perimeter tanah Latoh dan Sg Tebrau (antara 2 hingga 5 km) pengendali kultur sangkar ditambak. dan nelayan akan terkesan juga akan turut terjejas. dengan pengurangan sumber marin.
Kawasan persisiran di mana Impak estetika adalah tidak tetap disebabkan oleh tiga perkara: Penduduk setempat dan penduduk dan pelancong pelancong yang melihat tidak terhalang dari melihat ■ Kehilangan pemandangan sebahagian persisiran laut akan diganti dengan pembangunan pemandangan pantai akan pemandangan laut. Had yang dicadangkan termasuk lanskap dan pejalan kaki baru serta penambahbaikan menerima kesan. Hotel Perubahan pemandangan laut akibat kerja pemandangan bagi Hotel infrastruktur. 4 Estetika GrandBlue Wave, Johor penambakan. GrandBlue Wave, Johor ■ Kebanyakan struktur buatan manusia dibina di kawasan persisiran pantai. Bahru City Square dan Bahru City Square ■ Penduduk di kawasan pembangunan baru akan mendapat pemandangan baru. Maka, Menara Tabung Haji ditunjukkan dalam Seksyen daripada pandangan sosial, tiada kehilangan kepada pandangan laut. Oleh itu, sukar untuk merupakan kawasan yang 9.4.1 dalam Laporan Utama menyatakan bahawa projek ini akan memberi kesan negatif kepada estetika umum. Setelah akan terjejas. DEIA. projek ini siap, dijangka akan meningkatkan kualiti estetika di kawasan ini.
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12.2 Penilaian Keseluruhan
Kerugian nilai sedia ada adalah sebanyak RM 1,976,798 bagi tempoh 50 tahun jika diskaun pada kadar 8%. Pada kadar 6%, jumlahnya adalah sebanyak RM 2,499,779 manakala RM 3,342,720 bagi kadar diskaun 4%. Kajian ini menjelaskan bahawa Nilai Sedia Ada tidak boleh dikira sebagai penunjuk kepada kebolehlaksanaan projek ini. Sebaliknya, ia memberi petunjuk sebagai pengurangan servis alam sekitar yang berlaku akibat daripada pelaksanaan projek.
13. Pelan Pengurusan Alam Sekitar
Pelan Pengurusan Alam Sekitar (EMP) meringkaskan tanggungjawab Penggerak Projek berkaitan pemantauan, keperluan perundangan yang berkaitan dengan kawalan kualiti air, kualiti sedimen dan kualitit hingar dan lain-lain. Ringkasan bagi program cadangan pemantauan seperti dinyatakan dalam Jadual E15.
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Laporan
Keperluan Keperluan
Laporan hendaklah hendaklah Laporan dikemukakan setiap JAS kepada 6 bulan
Laporan hendaklah hendaklah Laporan dikemukakan setiap JAS kepada 3 setiap dan bulan sekali bulan Laporan bergambar hendaklah dikemukakan setiap JAS kepada hari hendaklah Laporan dikemukakan setiap JAS kepada 3 bulan hendaklah Laporan dikemukakan setiap JAS kepada 3 bulan hendaklah Laporan dikemukakan setiap JAS kepada 3 bulan perlu Laporan dikemukakan tidak JPS kepada 3 daripada lebih selepas bulan selesai. kajian
(MWQCS) dan dan (MWQCS) (MWQCS).
Singapore Joint Joint Singapore
(RMAQG).
-
Malaysia
Kriteria Kualiti Alam Sekitar Alam Kualiti Kriteria
Keputusan akan dibandingkan dibandingkan akan Keputusan dan ada sedia paras dengan EPA. US Standard
Keputusan akan dibandingkan dibandingkan akan Keputusan dan ada sedia paras dengan Quality Water Marine Malaysia Standard and Criteria Protokol Environment on the Committee (MSJCE). dibandingkan akan Keputusan dan ada sedia paras dengan Quality Water Marine Malaysia Standard and Criteria dibandingkan akan Keputusan dan ada sedia paras dengan Air Malaysian Recommended Guidelines Quality dibandingkan akan Keputusan dan ada sedia paras dengan untuk JAS Interim Garispanduan bagi maksimum bunyi paras 2) dan 1 (Jadual sekitar di reseptor dijalankan perlu Sekitar Alam Audit Alam Juruaudit ketiga pihak oleh JAS) dengan berdaftar (yang Sekitar dibandingkan akan Keputusan ada. sedia keadaan dengan
sekali sekali
Enam (6) Enam
Setiap hari Setiap
Kekerapan
bulan sekali bulan
Setiap bulan Setiap
Setiap bulan Setiap
Tiga (3 bulan (3 bulan Tiga
Tiga (3) bulan (3) bulan Tiga
Setiap 6 bulan 6bulan Setiap
Setiap 3 bulan 3bulan Setiap fasa (ketika penambakan) (selepas penambakan)
Bab Bab
Jadual 4.4, Bab Bab 4.4, Jadual 4.18, Jadual Bab 4.9, Jadual Bab 4.15, Jadual
Rajah 9.11, Bab Bab 9.11, Rajah 9.61 Rajah
Persekitaran Fizikal Fizikal Persekitaran Fizikal Persekitaran Fizikal Persekitaran Fizikal Persekitaran
Impak dan Langkah Langkah dan Impak
Stesen Pemantauan Stesen
- – - - -
Seperti Seperti 4 Ada Sedia Seperti 9 Terhadap Kawalan dan Fizikal Persekitaran Biologikal Seperti 4 Ada Sedia Seperti 4 Ada Sedia Seperti 4 Ada Sedia tempoh Sepanjang pelaksanaan dan Projek keseluruhan Projek aktiviti Seperti
E.coli, E.coli,
) dan
A95
dan L dan
A90
, L ,
A50
Parameter
dan dan CO
, L ,
2 2
A10
SO
, L ,
2, 2,
A5
)
TSS Kekeruhan DO pH
, L ,
Program Cadangan Pemantauan Pemantauan Cadangan Program
Aeq Amax
Suhu, kemasinan, pH, konduktiviti, konduktiviti, pH, kemasinan, Suhu, BOD, (DO), terlarut kekeruhan,oksigen (TOC), organik karbon COD,jumlah dan (TSS), terampai pepejal jumlah nitrat, fosfat, AN, , gris & minyak Fe, Ni, Cu, Cd, (Cr, berat logam sulfide, najis, Koliform Hg), As, Pb, Mn, Enterococci Arsenik, Plumbum, Nikel, Zink, Kromium dan Kuprum Kadmium, NO TSP, (L (L syarat mematuhi agar mengaudit Untuk garis dan peraturan EIA dan kelulusan berkaitan. yang sekitar alam panduan dasar dan pantai pesisiran Perubahan laut ■ ■ ■ ■
Perkara
Kualiti Air Kualiti Pemantaua Talian n atas Kualiti Sedimen Kualiti Udara Hingar Alam Audit Sekitar Kajian Batimetri Jadual E15 Jadual
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14. Kesimpulan
Sebagai kesimpulan, cadangan pembangunan R&F Tanjung Puteri tidak akan menyumbang impak negatif kepada persekitaran. Pembentukan dua (2) plot tambakan tidak akan memberi kesan kepada persekitaran di mana hanya berlaku sedikit perubahan pemendapan dan hakisan. Berdasarkan kajian sosio-ekonomi, kebanyakan nelayan mempunyai pelbagai sebab untuk tidak bersetuju dengan pembangunan yang dicadangkan. Walau bagaimanapun, dengan mengambil kira semua pertimbangan, pembangunan yang dicadangkan itu dijangka memberi manfaat, dengan syarat semua langkah-langkah kawalan dan pengurusan yang betul dilaksanakan untuk mengurangkan kesan impak yang dijangka berlaku, terutamanya kerana projek tersebut terletak hanya kira-kira 290 m dari sempadan Malaysia-Singapura.
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