Historic Resource Evaluation – DPR523 Record (Architecture + History 2020C)

PROJECT IMPACTS ANALYSIS

2015 BLAKE STREET PROJECT BERKELEY, ALAMEDA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

Submitted to:

Steve Heaton Senior Vice-President – Development Laconia Development, LLC 1981 North Broadway, Suite 415 Walnut Creek, California 94596

Prepared by:

Michael Hibma, M.A., AICP LSA 157 Park Place Pt. Richmond, California 94801 510.236.6810

LSA Project No. LDV1901

June 2020 P ROJECT I MPACTS A NALYSIS 2015 B LAKE S TREET P ROJECT M AY 2020 B ERKELEY, A LAMEDA C OUNTY, C ALIFORNIA

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

LSA prepared this Project Impacts Analysis (PIA) for the 2015 Blake Street Project (project). The PIA utilized information drawn from previous historical resource evaluations, property records, a site visit, and conceptual site plans. Background research and field review identified five built- environment cultural resources 40 years old or older within the project site and are described below.

• 2001-2011 Blake Street; APN 55-1822-14. This resource consists of two buildings on a single parcel: a single-story single-family home constructed in 1922 at 2001 Blake Street; and a detached single-story machine shop constructed circa 1920 at 2011 Blake Street. These buildings are not historical resources under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). • 2015 Blake Street; APN 55-1822-13-4 (P-01-005187/Haney Ice Company Building). This resource consists of the former Haney Ice Company Building constructed circa 1910 at 2015 Blake Street. The Haney Ice Company Building is not a historical resource under CEQA. • 2019 Blake Street; APN 55-1822-13-2. This resource is a single-story-plus-mezzanine building constructed in 1927 at 2019 Blake Street. This building qualifies as a historical resource under CEQA, per Public Resources Code (PRC) Section 21084.1. • 2012 Dwight Way; APN 55-1822-21. This resource is a two-story multiple-family property constructed circa 1889 at 2012 Dwight Way. This building does not qualify as a historical resource under CEQA, per PRC Section 21084.1. • 2020 Dwight Way; APN 55-1822-23. This resource is a two-story multiple-family property constructed circa 1895 at 2020 Dwight Way. This building does not qualify as a historical resource under CEQA, per PRC Section 21084.1.

The proposed project would redevelop the project site with a mix of new construction and re-use of the two, multi-family buildings at 2012 and 2020 Dwight Way. These buildings would be lifted off their current foundations and reattached onto new foundations. The building at 2012 Dwight Way would be relocated onto a currently vacant parcel located at 2016 Dwight Way (APN 055-1822-022), west of and adjacent to 2020 Dwight Way. The parcel that currently contains 2012 Dwight Way would become open space providing pedestrian access to the project site.

The project would remove the buildings at 2001-2011 Blake Street, the Haney Ice Company Building at 2015 Blake Street, and the building at 2019 Blake Street to accommodate the construction of two new buildings. Based on the proposed removal of the building at 2019 Blake Street, which appears to qualify as a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA, LSA concludes that the proposed project would result in the substantial adverse change, as defined at CEQA Guidelines §15064.5(b),1 in the historical significance of the building at 2019 Blake Street. This would result in a significant impact under CEQA.

1 This PIA was prepared with the assumption that the City of Berkeley concurs with the conclusions of Architecture + History’s evaluations of the properties within the project site.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... i 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 3 1.1 Project Location and Description ...... 3 1.1.1 Project Location ...... 3 1.1.2 Project Description ...... 3 2.0 METHODS ...... 7 2.1 Previous Evaluations ...... 7 2.2 Literature Review ...... 7 2.3 Field Survey ...... 8 3.0 HISTORIC AND ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT ...... 9 3.1 Berkeley ...... 9 3.1.2 Project Site History ...... 9 3.2 Architectural Context ...... 9 3.2.1 Vernacular ...... 10 4.0 PROJECT SITE CULTURAL RESOURCES ...... 11 4.1 Resource Descriptions ...... 11 4.1.1 2001-2011 Blake Street ...... 11 4.1.2 Haney Ice Company/2015 Blake Street ...... 11 4.1.3 2019 Blake Street ...... 12 4.1.4 2012 Dwight Way ...... 12 4.1.5 2020 Dwight Way ...... 12 4.1.6 Surrounding Setting ...... 13 4.2 Character-Defining Features Ranking...... 13 5.0 PROJECT-SPECIFIC IMPACTS ...... 16 5.1 impact Threshold ...... 16 5.2 Secretary’s Standards ...... 16 5.3 Proposed Demolition ...... 17 5.4 Conclusion ...... 17 6.0 CONCLUSION...... 18 7.0 REFERENCES CONSULTED ...... 19

APPENDICES A: CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION 523 SERIES FORM RECORDS B: PROJECT SITE PLANS

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FIGURES Figure 1: Regional Location ...... 4 Figure 2: Project Site ...... 5 Figure 3: Cultural Resource Locations ...... 6

TABLES Table A: Character Defining Features – 2019 Blake Street ...... 14

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

LSA prepared this PIA at the request of Laconia Development, LLC, for the 2015 Blake Street Project (project). An architectural historian who meets the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualifications Standards in Architectural History and History prepared this PIA (36 CFR Part 61).

1.1 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION 1.1.1 Project Location The 0.96-acre project site is located south of downtown Berkeley in Alameda County, California (Figures 1 and 2). The project site contains seven parcels. The project site is comprised of six buildings in total: three permitted as residential and three permitted as commercial, in addition to two parking lots. The commercial buildings consist of a former machine repair shop built 1922 and a single-story medical office building (which is legally permitted as a residential duplex) constructed in 1920 at 2001-2011 Blake Street (APN 55-1822-14); the former Haney Ice Company Building at 2015 Blake Street (APN 55-1822-13-4); and a building that once housed the “Blake Street Hawkeyes” theater troupe at 2019 Blake Street (APN 55-1822-13-2). The residential buildings consist of a two- story multi-family building constructed circa 1889 at 2012 Dwight Way (APN 55-1822-21); and a two-story multi-family building constructed circa 1895 at 2020 Dwight Way (APN 55-1822-23). The parking lots are located on APNs 55-1822-013-3 and-22) (Figure 3).

1.1.2 Project Description The proposed project would redevelop the project site with a mix of new construction and the re- use of two two-story multi-family buildings at 2012 and 2020 Dwight Way (hereafter referred to as the “buildings at 2012 and 2020 Dwight Way”), which do not appear to qualify as historical resources under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). These buildings would be detached from their current foundations reinstalled on new foundations, and the building at 2012 Dwight Way would be relocated on a currently vacant parcel at 2016 Dwight Way (APN 055-1822- 022). To accommodate the new construction, the project would remove the buildings at 2001-2011 Blake Street, the Haney Ice Company Building at 2015 Blake Street, and the building at 2019 Blake Street and construct two, new buildings. One building would be a seven story, 155-unit residential building fronting Blake Street, and the other would be a detached, three-story, six-unit building at the northeast corner of the intersection of Milvia and Blake streets.

The proposed new main building is designed around the existing residential buildings to retain existing tenants and rehabilitate the buildings. In addition, the current mix of diagonal and parallel parking spaces on Blake Street would be converted to all diagonal parking, including in front of the property to the east, to create a more attractive streetscape. The total floor area of the proposed project is 115,789 square feet. The project would include 161 new construction units comprised of 124 studios, 6 one-bedroom apartments, and 31 two-bedroom apartments contained within the two new buildings (see Appendix B). The project would also include seven existing units in the two buildings located at 2012 Dwight Way and 2020 Dwight Way. The buildings at 2012 and 2020 Dwight Way are currently occupied by tenants and are subject to rent control.

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Project Site

FIGURE 1

Project Impacts Analysis of the 2015 Blake Street Project 0 400 800 Berkeley, Alameda County, California FEET Regional Location SOURCE: ESRI World Maps (11/2019). I:\LDV1901\GIS\Maps\Cultural\Figure 1_Regional Location.mxd (11/7/2019) LEGEND FIGURE 2 Project Site

Project Impacts Analysis of the 2015 Blake Street Project 0 500 1000 Berkeley, Alameda County, California FEET Project Site SOURCE: USGS 7.5-minute Topo Quads - Richmond, Calif. (1980), Oakland West, Calif. (1980). I:\LDV1901\GIS\Maps\Cultural\Figure 2_Project Site.mxd (11/7/2019) Dwight Way

(!7 (!6

(!5 Milvia St

(!4 (!3 (!2

(!1

Blake St

Map Reference No. Street Address APN Historical Resource Y/N? 1 2001-2011 Blake Street APN 55-1822-14 N 2 2015 Blake Street APN 55-1822-13-4 N 3 Parking lot APN 55-1822-13-3 N/A 4 2019 Blake Street APN 55-1822-13-2 Y 5 2012 Dwight Way APN 55-1822-21 N 6 Parking lot APN 55-1822-22 N/A 7 2020 Dwight Way APN 55-1822-23 N

LEGEND FIGURE 3 Project Site Project Parcels

1 Map Reference Numbers (! Project Impacts Analysis of the 2015 Blake Street Project 0 30 60 Berkeley, Alameda County, California FEET Cultural Resource Locations SOURCE: Google Maps Sat. (09/2019). I:\LDV1901\GIS\Maps\Cultural\Figure 3_Cultural Resource Locations.mxd (11/7/2019) P ROJECT I MPACTS A NALYSIS 2015 B LAKE S TREET P ROJECT M AY 2020 B ERKELEY, A LAMEDA C OUNTY, C ALIFORNIA

2.0 METHODS

To establish the baseline conditions for built environment cultural resources within the project site and vicinity, LSA conducted a literature review, an architectural field review, and a review of State of California Department of Parks and Recreation 523 Series (DPR 523) records prepared by Architecture + History for the five buildings in the project site (Appendix A).

2.1 PREVIOUS EVALUATIONS As part of the background research, LSA obtained copies of the following five DPR 523 records prepared in June 2020 by Architecture + History. The Architecture + History evaluation is included in Appendix A and the results are summarized for each evaluated resource in Section 4.1 of this report.

2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW LSA reviewed the following publications and websites for historical information about the project site and its vicinity:

• City of Berkeley Designated Landmarks, Structures of Merit and Historic Districts (City of Berkeley 2015);

• City of Berkeley Historic Resources (City of Berkeley 2016);

• An Architectural Guidebook to San Francisco and the Bay Area (Cerny 2007);

• A Living Legacy: Historic Architecture of the East Bay (Wilson 1987);

• San Francisco Architecture: The Illustrated Guide to Over 1,000 of the Best Buildings, Parks, and Public Artworks in the Bay Area (Woodbridge and Woodbridge and Byrne 1992);

• San Francisco Architecture: An Illustrated Guide to the Outstanding Buildings, Public Artworks, and Parks in the Bay Area of California (Woodbridge and Woodbridge and Byrne 2005); and

• San Francisco, Architecture of the San Francisco Bay Area: A History & Guide (Schwarzer 2007).

Please see Section 7.0, References Consulted, for a complete list of the materials reviewed.

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2.3 FIELD SURVEY On October 12, 2019, LSA architectural historian Michael Hibma, M.A., who meets the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualifications Standards2 in Architectural History and History, conducted a pedestrian review of the project site, its setting, the project site, and the surrounding blocks. The field review identified built-environment cultural resources, characterized their architectural style, and ascertained any potential alterations.

2 Published in 36 Code of Federal Regulations Part 61, the qualifications define minimum education and experience required to perform identification, evaluation, registration, and treatment activities. In some cases, additional areas or levels of expertise may be needed, depending on the complexity of the task and the nature of the historic properties involved.

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3.0 HISTORIC AND ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT

This section briefly describes the project site’s historic and architectural context, based on the results of background research, previous documentation, and a literature review.

3.1 BERKELEY The project site is entirely within the Rancho San Antonio land grant, which was granted to Luis Maria Peralta on August 3, 1820, for his service to the Spanish government. His 44,800-acre rancho included what are now the cities of Albany, Berkeley, El Cerrito, Emeryville, Oakland, Berkeley, Alameda, and Piedmont, and a part of San Leandro. Peralta’s land grant was confirmed after Mexico’s independence from Spain in 1822, and his title was honored when California entered the Union by treaty in 1848. In 1842, Peralta’s son, José Domingo, received the northern portion of the rancho that includes the modern communities of Albany, El Cerrito, and Berkeley (Cerny 2001:276).

In 1852, Francis Kittredge Shattuck, George Blake, James Leonard, and William Hillegass purchased 1 square mile of land in the area now bounded by College Avenue, Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Addison Street, and Russell Street. The main thoroughfare would later become Shattuck Avenue (Cerny 2001:276), and the area would become the core of early Berkeley’s commercial, residential, and civic development. The arrival of the University of California in 1873 from Oakland guaranteed a future for Berkeley’s early residents and real estate speculators (Office of Historic Preservation 1996:1). At the time of the University’s arrival, “Berkeley hardly existed; a restaurant and a small hotel [comprised] the downtown area. There were neither sidewalks nor a practicing physician. Students and faculty continued to live in Oakland commuting via horse-drawn trolley until homes and boarding houses could be built” (Starr 1973:147-148).

In 1876, Shattuck purchased a spur line of the Southern Pacific Railroad originating in Oakland and running north to Berkeley along Adeline Street, then along Shattuck Avenue to its terminus at what would become Shattuck Square. Shattuck Avenue provided the necessary width for wagon and rail transportation into the heart of the fledgling community, and commercial space along the avenue came at a premium. University Avenue was the main east/west transportation arterial connecting the shoreline commercial activity and the hillside residential areas with the university campus and downtown. These events underscored the burgeoning importance of Shattuck and University avenues as catalysts for downtown development. Two years later, Berkeley was incorporated (Cohen 2008).

3.1.2 Project Site History Please see the DPR 523 records in Appendix A for property-specific history of the project site.

3.2 ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT The architectural qualities of the Vernacular building at 2019 Blake Street parallels trends elsewhere in California from the late-19th-to early-20th century. The section below describes the styles of the building at 2019 Blake Street, followed by a discussion of its respective architectural aesthetic and general character-defining features.

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3.2.1 Vernacular A useful approach to understanding what vernacular style is, can begin by defining what it is not. That is, vernacular architecture is not overly formal or monumental in nature, but rather relatively unadorned construction not designed by a professional architect. Vernacular architecture is the commonplace or ordinary building stock that addresses a practical purpose with a minimal amount of flourish or otherwise traditional or ethnic influences (Upton and Vlach 1986:xv-xxi, 426-432). The historical roots of the Vernacular style in the United States dates from colonial settlement during the 16th and 17th centuries. European immigrants, either of modest independent means, or financed with corporate backing, brought with them a wood-based building tradition. From this combination came a new building tradition associated with unsettled and heavily forested land and a young population. This new style, vernacular style, was “characterized by short-lived or temporary dwellings focused on the family and distinct from the place of work” (Jackson 1984:85-87). Typically associated with older, hand-built rural buildings in remote or rural, agricultural settings, vernacular architecture can also include modern, pre-fabricated, general purpose steel buildings used as shop space, warehouses, discount-clearance centers and many other uses (Gottfried and Jennings 2009:9- 16). Character defining features of Vernacular architecture include: • Simple roofline; • small building footprint; • simple construction techniques and materials; and • designed and built by a carpenter or general building contractor with no visible or discernable style (McAlester 2013:753).

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4.0 PROJECT SITE CULTURAL RESOURCES

A review of previous evaluations, a literature review, and an October 12, 2019, field survey by an LSA architectural history identified five built-environment cultural resources over 40 years old in the project site and reviewed built environment resources adjacent to the project site. A description of these resources, and a summary of their eligibility for listing in the CRHR and their City status (i.e., under the criteria of the Landmark Preservation Ordinance (LPO)), are presented below, including a catalog of their character-defining features.

For a historical resource to be eligible for designation under the evaluative criteria of the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), the CRHR, or Berkeley LPO, the character-defining features that convey the resource’s important historical qualities must be clear distinguishable, and the resource must retain enough of those qualities to convey its importance. The discussion of character-defining features includes the building at 2019 Blake Street. The buildings at 2001-2011 Blake Street, the Haney Ice Company Building at 2015 Blake Street and the buildings at 2012 and 2020 Dwight Way do not appear to qualify as historical resources under CEQA; therefore, a discussion of character- defining features is not included for these resources.3

4.1 RESOURCE DESCRIPTIONS 4.1.1 2001-2011 Blake Street This resource consists of two buildings on a single parcel: a single-story single-family home constructed in 1922 at 2001 Blake Street; and a detached single-story machine shop constructed circa 1920 at 2011 Blake Street. In June 2020, San Francisco-based architectural historians Bridget Maley and Shayne Watson of Architecture + History (Architecture + History) evaluated the buildings and found that they appeared not eligible for inclusion in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR), or for listing as a Candidate Berkeley City Landmark, Structure of Merit, or as part of a historic district (Architecture + History 2020a). Therefore, these buildings do not appear to qualify as historical resources under CEQA.

4.1.2 Haney Ice Company/2015 Blake Street This resource consists of the former Haney Ice Company Building constructed circa 1910 at 2015 Blake Street. According to the Directory of Properties in the Historic Property Data File, the Haney Ice Company Building was assigned California Historical Resource Status Code of “7N”, indicating that the building “needs to be reevaluated” (Office of Historic Preservation 2012:51). As documented in their 2020 study, Architecture + History evaluated this building and found that it appeared not eligible for inclusion in the CRHR, or for listing as a Candidate Berkeley City Landmark, Structure of Merit, or as part of a historic district (Architecture + History 2020b). Therefore, the Haney Ice Company Building does not appear to qualify as a historical resource under CEQA.

3 This PIA was prepared with the assumption that the City of Berkeley concurs with the conclusions of Architecture + History’s evaluations of the properties within the project site.

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4.1.3 2019 Blake Street This resource is a single-story-plus-mezzanine building constructed in 1927 at 2019 Blake Street. As documented in their 2020 study, Architecture + History evaluated this building and found that it appeared individually eligible for inclusion in the CRHR and for listing as a Candidate Berkeley City Landmark (Architecture + History 2020c). This building appears significant under CRHR criteria 1 (events) and 2 (persons), as well as under “CRHR Special Criteria Considerations” as a historical resource achieving significance within the last 50 years. Therefore, this building appears to qualify as a historical resource under CEQA, per Public Resources Code (PRC) Section 21084.1.

Character-Defining Features Architecture + History (2018) did not include a list of the character-defining features for the building. Generally, significance for resources found eligible for their architectural qualities is conveyed by the resource’s retention of features that relate to design, materials, and workmanship. Architecture + History (2020) states that “the building appears to meet the requirements for exceptional significance as defined under NRHP Criteria Consideration G (Properties that have achieved significance within the last 50 years).” The evaluation goes on to state that “in order to convey its significance, the building at 2019 Blake Street should generally retain the physical appearance it exhibited during the period of significance (1973-1990)” (Architecture + History 2020c).

Upon review of the Architecture + History study and an architectural field review on October 12, 2019, LSA identified the following character-defining features of the exterior of the building at 2019 Blake Street (the interior was not accessed by Architecture + History in 2020 or by LSA in 2019): • Single-story massing; • southern, Blake Street-facing façade; • general fenestration patterns and placement of entrances; and • a short parapet with raised, boxy corners.

4.1.4 2012 Dwight Way This resource is a two-story multiple-family property constructed circa 1889 at 2012 Dwight Way. Architecture + History (2020) evaluated this building and found it appeared not eligible for inclusion in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR), or for listing as a Candidate Berkeley City Landmark, Structure of Merit, or as part of a historic district (Architecture + History 2020d). Therefore, this building does not qualify as a historical resource under CEQA, per PRC Section 21084.1.

4.1.5 2020 Dwight Way This resource is a two-story multiple-family property constructed circa 1895 at 2020 Dwight Way. Architecture + History (2020) evaluated this building and found that it appeared not eligible for inclusion in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR), or for listing as a Candidate Berkeley City Landmark, Structure of Merit, or as part of a historic district (Architecture + History 2020e). Therefore, this building does not qualify as a historical resource under CEQA, per PRC Section 21084.1.

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4.1.6 Surrounding Setting The properties in the project site are located within a developed urban setting containing residential, commercial, and institutional uses that represent a diverse mix of structural massing, ages, and materiality. A review of online parcel data provided by the City of Berkeley shows that there are no City Landmarks, Structures of Merit or historic districts currently listed in or adjacent to the project site (City of Berkeley 2020). Properties north of and across Dwight Way from the project site is the Herrick Campus of the Alta Bates Summit Medical Center, a three- and four-story hospital that nearly spans the entire block of Dwight Way between Milvia Street and Shattuck Avenue.

Properties west of and adjacent to the project site include four commercial properties that consist of:

• a three-story, 15-unit office building constructed in 1959 at 2006 Dwight Way,

• two, single story converted office buildings constructed in 1925 at 2515 Milvia Street and 2519 Milvia Street; and

• a single-story converted office building constructed in 1923 at 2001 Blake Street.

Properties south of and across Blake Street from the project site include five residential properties that consist of:

• a single-story, six unit apartment building constructed in 1949 at 2000 Blake Street;

• a three-story, eight-unit apartment building constructed in 1964 at 2016 Blake Street;

• a single story residential building constructed in 1889 at 2018 Blake Street;

• a single-story residential building constructed in 1905 at 2020 Blake Street; and

• a single-story residential building constructed 1906 at 2022 Blake Street.

Properties east of and adjacent to the project site consist of a three-story, 15-unit apartment building constructed in 1970 at 2028 Dwight Way and a five-story, 84-unit apartment building project currently under construction at 2035 Blake Street and known as “The Roost @ Blake”.

The field survey also identified an intact collection of two-story, Victorian and early-20th century residential properties with uniform setbacks along a segment of Blake Street between Martin Luther King Jr., Way and Grant Street two blocks west of the project site. A review of online parcel data provided by the City of Berkeley shows that there are no City Landmarks, Structures of Merit or historic districts currently listed along this segment of Blake Street (City of Berkeley 2020).

4.2 CHARACTER-DEFINING FEATURES RANKING LSA used a four-tier ranking system to assess the relative importance of particular architectural characteristics of the building at 2019 Blake Street. The four-tier ranking of character-defining

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features was developed in partnership with a preservation architect to assess impacts analysis for a recent project in Berkeley that included a Berkeley City Landmark. This methodology was accepted by the City for the purposes of assessing impacts to the Landmarked building and for the project’s environmental document. The assessment of a given characteristic’s historic value is based upon the review of historic documents and on-site observations. The ranking categories are described below.

Very Significant: The space or components are central to the building’s architectural and historic character. In addition, the space or component displays a very high level of craftsmanship, or is constructed of an intrinsically valuable material. These spaces or components should not be altered or removed under any condition.

Significant: The space or components are associated with the qualities that make the building historically significant. They make a major contribution to the structure’s historic character. In addition, they display a high level of craftsmanship. These spaces or features should not be altered or removed.

Contributing: The space or components may not be significant as isolated elements, but they contain sufficient historic character to play a role in the overall significance of the building or structure. These spaces or features may be altered, but should not be removed.

Non-contributing: The space or components fall outside of the building’s period of significance, or are historic but have been substantially modified. Little or no historic character remains. These spaces or features can be altered or removed.

Tables A-C, below, list and rank the character defining features for each property and indicates if the project proposes to retain or remove these features.

Table A: Character Defining Features – 2019 Blake Street

Table Heading Retain Remove Very Significant Single Story Massing X Southern, Blake Street-facing façade X General fenestration patterns X and placement of entrances Short parapet with raised corners X Significant N/A N/A N/A Contributing N/A N/A N/A Non-contributing N/A N/A N/A Source: 2019 Blake Street, Historic Resource Evaluation – DPR523 record (Architecture + History 2020c).

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5.0 PROJECT-SPECIFIC IMPACTS

This section assesses the potential of the proposed project to result in a significant impact to the building at 2019 Blake Street. The buildings at 2001-2011 Blake Street, the Haney Ice Company Building at 2015 Blake Street, and the buildings at 2012 Dwight Way and 2020 Dwight Way do not appear to qualify as historical resources under CEQA, and are not included in this discussion.

5.1 IMPACT THRESHOLD According to the CEQA Guidelines, a proposed project may have a significant effect on the environment if it would create “an effect that may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource.” Specifically, substantial adverse changes include “physical demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings such that the significance of an historical resource would be materially impaired” (CEQA Guidelines §15064.5(b)(1)).

With respect to mitigating such impacts: Generally, a project that follows the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring, and Reconstructing Historic Buildings or the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings (1995) shall be considered as mitigated to a level of less than a significant impact on the historical resource (CEQA Guidelines §15064.5(b)(3)). [Italics added].

Therefore, a project’s impact on a historical resource can be considered less than significant if the project is implemented in accordance with the Secretary's Standards.

5.2 SECRETARY’S STANDARDS Because the building at 2019 Blake Street is a historical resource under CEQA, the proposed project should comply with the Secretary’s Standards if the intention is to reduce the severity of a potential impact to a less-than-significant impact. The Secretary’s Standards provide guidance for working with historic properties (and historical resources under CEQA), and are used by Federal agencies and local governments to evaluate proposed rehabilitation, restoration, preservation, and reconstruction work on historical resources; they are applied to a wide variety of resource types, including buildings, sites, structures, objects, and districts.

The Secretary’s Standards comprise four sets of standards to guide the treatment of historic properties and historical resources: Preservation, Rehabilitation, Restoration, and Reconstruction (Weeks and Grimmer 2017:2-3). Typically, one set of standards is chosen for a project based on the project scope. These four distinct treatments are defined as follows:

Preservation: The Standards for Preservation “... require retention of the greatest amount of historic fabric, along with the building’s historic form, features, and detailing as they have evolved over time.”

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Rehabilitation: The Standards for Rehabilitation “... acknowledge the need to alter or add to a historic building to meet continuing new uses while retaining the building’s historic character.”

Restoration: The Standards for Restoration “... allow for the depiction of a building at a particular time in its history by preserving materials from the period of significance and removing materials from other periods.”

Reconstruction: The Standards for Reconstruction “... establish a limited framework for re-creating a vanished or non-surviving building with new materials, primarily for interpretive purposes.”

5.3 PROPOSED DEMOLITION The proposed project would remove the building at 2019 Blake Street. The proposed demolition and subsequent addition would alter the materials, massing, and spatial relationships of the building. As noted in section 4.1.3 above, the building at 2019 Blake Street appears individually eligible for inclusion in the CRHR and as a Berkeley City Landmark. Because the project would remove the building at 2019 Blake Street, that action would result in the “material impairment” of its significance, as defined at CEQA Guidelines §15064.5(b)(2)(A)(B)), which would result in a significant impact under CEQA.

5.4 CONCLUSION The proposed project construction would demolish the building at 2019 Blake Street, which appears individually eligible for inclusion in the CRHR and appears eligible as a Berkeley City Landmark. Therefore, due to the proposed demolition of the building at 2019 Blake Street, the project would result in a significant adverse change in the significance of this historical resource (CEQA Guidelines §15064.5(b)(2)(A)(B)). The Secretary’s Standards, which offer four treatment options for historical resources (Preservation, Rehabilitation, Restoration, and Reconstruction), are not applicable with respect to demolition. Accordingly, no treatment measures are proposed.

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6.0 CONCLUSION

The project site contains one building that qualifies as a “historical resource” under CEQA and under §3.24.110 of the Berkeley Municipal Code. The building at 2019 Blake Street appears individually eligible for inclusion in the CRHR and appears eligible as a Berkeley City Landmark. The buildings at 2012 and 2020 Dwight Way appear eligible as Structures of Merit. Five other buildings in the project site, 2001-2011 Blake Street,2015 Blake Street, and two residential buildings are 2012 and 2020 Dwight Way, do not appear eligible for inclusion in the CRHR or Berkeley City Landmarks, as Structures of Merit, or as contributing elements to a designated or potential historic district.

As mentioned previously, a project that proposes physical demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of a resource or its immediate surroundings that may result in “an effect that may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource is a project that may have a significant effect on the environment” (CEQA Guidelines §15064.5(b)). The proposed project would demolish the building at 2019 Blake Street to accommodate construction of a seven-story, multi- unit residential building.

The proposed project would demolish a historical resource and build a new building in its place. As supported by the analysis above, the proposed project does not comply with the Secretary’s Standards and would result in a substantial adverse change in the significance of a “historical resource” under CEQA and, therefore, would result in a significant impact on the environment.

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7.0 REFERENCES CONSULTED

Architecture + History, LLC 2020a California Department of Parks and Recreation Series 523 (DPR 523) Form Record for 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, Alameda County, California. Architecture + History, LLC., San Francisco, California. 2020b California Department of Parks and Recreation Series 523 (DPR 523) Form Record for 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, Alameda County, California. Architecture + History, LLC., San Francisco, California. 2020c California Department of Parks and Recreation Series 523 (DPR 523) Form Record for 2019 Blake Street, Berkeley, Alameda County, California. Architecture + History, LLC., San Francisco, California. 2020d California Department of Parks and Recreation Series 523 (DPR 523) Form Record for 2012 Dwight Way, Berkeley, Alameda County, California. Architecture + History, LLC., San Francisco, California. 2020e California Department of Parks and Recreation Series 523 (DPR 523) Form Record for 2020 Dwight Way, Berkeley, Alameda County, California. Architecture + History, LLC., San Francisco, California.

Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association (BAHA) 2019 Berkeley Landmarks. Designated by the Landmarks Preservation Commission, Berkeley, CA. Electronic document, http://berkeleyheritage.com/berkeley_landmarks/landmarks.html, accessed October 29, 2019.

California Office of Historic Preservation 1976 California Inventory of Historic Resources. California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento.

1988 Five Views: An Ethnic Historic Site Survey for California. California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento.

1992 California Points of Historical Interest. California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento.

1996 California Historical Landmarks. California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento.

2001 California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and Historical Resources. California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento.

2003 California Historic Resource Status Codes. Electronic document, http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/pages/1069/files/chrstatus%20codes.pdf, accessed various.

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2004 California Office of Historic Preservation Technical Assistance Bulletin #8: User’s Guide to the California Historical Resource Status Codes & Historic Resources Inventory Directory. Electronic document, http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/pages/1069/files/tab8.pdf, accessed various.

2011 California Office of Historic Preservation Technical Assistance Series #6 - California Register and National Register: A Comparison (for purposes of determining eligibility for the California Register). Electronic document, http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/pages/1069/files/technical%20assistance%20bulletin%206%202011 %20update.pdf, accessed various.

2012 Directory of Properties in the Historic Property Data File for Alameda County, April 15, 2012. California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento. On file at Northwest Information Center, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, California.

Cerny, Susan Dinkelspiel 2001 Berkeley Landmarks: An Illustrated Guide to Berkeley, California’s Architectural Heritage. Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association, Berkeley, California.

2007 An Architectural Guidebook to San Francisco and the Bay Area. Gibbs Smith Publisher, Santa Barbara, California.

City of Berkeley 2004 City of Berkeley Designated Landmarks, Structures of Merit and Historical Districts. Electronic document, https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Planning_and_Development/Level_3_- _LPC/COB_Landmarks_updated%20April%202015.pdf, accessed October 29, 2019.

2016 City of Berkeley Historic Resources. Electronic document, https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Planning_and_Development/Level_3_- _LPC/COB_LM_update_20160927.pdf, accessed October 29, 2019.

2020 City of Berkeley Community GIS Portal. Electronic document, https://www.cityofberkeley.info/gisportal/, accessed various.

Cohen, Alan 2008 A History of Berkeley, From the Ground Up. Electronic document, http://historyofberkeley.org/index.html, accessed various.

Gelernter, Mark 1999 A History of American Architecture: Buildings in their Cultural and Technological Context. University Press of New England, Hanover and London, United Kingdom.

Gottfried, Herbert, and Jan Jennings 2009 American Vernacular Buildings and Interiors 1870-1960. W. & W. Norton & Company, Inc., New York.

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Jackson, John Brinckerhoff 1984 Discovering the Vernacular Landscape. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.

Longstreth, Richard 2000 The Buildings of Main Street: A Guide to American Commercial Architecture. AltaMira Press, Walnut Creek, California.

McAlester, Virginia 2013 A Field Guide to American Houses. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.

Morton, W. Brown III, Gary L. Hume, Kay D. Weeks, H. Ward Jandl 1992 The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation & Illustrated Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings. U. S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Cultural Resources, Preservation Assistance Division, Washington, D.C.

National Park Service 1997 National Register Bulletin 15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria of Evaluation. U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C.

2015 Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Historical Documentation. Electronic document, http://www.nps.gov/history/local-law/arch_stnds_5.htm, accessed various.

Nationwide Environmental Title Research 1946 Aerial Photograph of 2015 Blake Street. Electronic document, http://www.historicaerials.com/, accessed various.

1958 Aerial Photograph of 2015 Blake Street. Electronic document, http://www.historicaerials.com/, accessed various.

1968 Aerial Photograph of 2015 Blake Street. Electronic document, http://www.historicaerials.com/, accessed various.

1980 Aerial Photograph of 2015 Blake Street. Electronic document, http://www.historicaerials.com/, accessed various.

1988 Aerial Photograph of 2015 Blake Street. Electronic document, http://www.historicaerials.com/, accessed various.

Sanborn-Perris Map Co., Ltd. 1894 Berkeley, Alameda County, California. Sanborn-Perris Map Co., Ltd., Pelham, New York.

1911 Berkeley, Alameda County, California. Sanborn-Perris Map Co., Ltd., Pelham, New York.

1929 Berkeley, Alameda County, California. Sanborn-Perris Map Co., Ltd., Pelham, New York.

1950 Berkeley, Alameda County, California. Sanborn-Perris Map Co., Ltd., Pelham, New York.

Schwarzer, Mitchell

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2007 Architecture of the San Francisco Bay Area: A History and Guide. William Stout Books, San Francisco, California.

Starr, Kevin 1973 Americans and the California Dream: 1850-1915. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Weeks, Kay D. and Anne E. Grimmer 2017 The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, and Restoring & Reconstructing Historic Buildings. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Cultural Heritage Stewardship and Partnerships, Heritage Preservation Services, Washington, D.C.

Wilson, Mark A. 1987 A Living Legacy: Historic Architecture of the East Bay. Lexikos Press, San Francisco, California.

Woodbridge, Sally B., John M. Woodbridge and Chuck Byrne 1992 San Francisco Architecture: The Illustrated Guide to Over 1,000 of the Best Buildings, Parks, and Public Artworks in the Bay Area. Chronicle Books, San Francisco, California.

2005 San Francisco Architecture: An Illustrated Guide to the Outstanding Buildings, Public Artworks, and Parks in the Bay Area of California. Ten Speed Press, Toronto, Canada.

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APPENDIX A

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION 523 SERIES FORM RECORDS

Architecture + History, LLC. San Francisco, California

June 2020

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2001-2011 Blake Street

P:\LDV1901_2015_Blake_PIA\PIA\LSA_2015_Blake_Street_Project_Impacts_Analysis_7.1.2020.docx (07/01/20) State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial # NRHP Status Code N/A

*Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

P1. Other Identifier: APN: 055-182201400 P2. Location: Unrestricted *a. County; Alameda *b. USGS 7.5': Oakland West, CA (2018) c. Address: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA 94710 d. Other Locational Data: N/A *P3a. Description: This is a one-story, wood-frame, California bungalow with a stucco finish. There are six concrete steps leading to the front porch. The porch projects from the main gable roof and is supported by heavy posts. The porch opening is a low arch. Both the porch gable and the main gable run parallel to Blake Street and are sheathed in composition shingles. There is a brick chimney projecting from the main gable just to the west of the porch gable. The main gable overhangs the house on the long, north and south sides. The front (south) façade features the porch, with its low perimeter walls and a wood front door with a top light. To the east of the door there is a divided light window. (See continuation sheet.)

*P3b. Resource Attributes: HP2. Single-Family Property *P4. Resources Present: Building P5b. Description of Photo: Photo looking north (2018) *P6. Date Constructed: 1922 (building permit)

*P7. Owner and Address: Richard Nagler Properties, LLC

*P8. Recorded by: Bridget Maley & Shayne Watson architecture+history, llc San Francisco, CA

*P9. Date Recorded: June 2020 *P10. Survey Type: Historic resource evaluation *P11. Report Citation: 2001 Blake Street, Historic Resource Evaluation, architecture+history, llc, 2018. *Attachments: Building, Structure, and Object Record (BSO) and Continuation Sheet

*Required information

DPR 523A (9/2013) Page 1 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # BUILDING, STRUCTURE & OBJECT RECORD

*Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

B1. Historic Name: 2001 Blake Street B2. Common Name: 2001 Blake Street B3. Original Use: Residential B4. Present Use: Residential *B5. Architectural Style: Craftsman Bungalow *B6. Construction History: See continuation sheets.

*B7. Moved? No *B8. Related Features: None

B9a. Architect: Unknown b. Builder: Unknown *B10. Significance: Theme N/A Area N/A Period of Significance N/A Property Type Residential Applicable Criteria N/A

See continuation sheets.

*B12. References: See footnotes and references at end of report for citations.

B13. Remarks: None

*B14. Evaluator: Maley & Watson, architecture+history, llc

*Date of Evaluation: June 2020

(This space reserved for official comments.)

DPR 523B (9/2013) Page 2 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

P3A. DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) The east side has the following features: a bay window; a small, centered projecting porch; and another, small double-hung window at the south end of the elevation toward Blake Street. The west elevation, facing Milvia Street, has a four-sided bay window with wood, divided light casements and a projecting box window with two original, four-over-one wood windows. The four upper panes in this window are vertically oriented. There is a small attic vent or window within the gable end facing Milvia Street. The north side also has a bay window and three other double-hung windows that appear to be replacements.

There is a small landscaped front yard and a small shed / garage at the east side. Both the Blake Street façade and the Milvia Street façade have mature trees and landscaping making the building difficult to see and to photograph.

2011 Blake – Machine Shop This small, industrial in character, one-story building shares the parcel with the house at 2001 Blake Street. It is a wood-frame structure with a stucco finish. The front façade features a stepped parapet at the roofline and a metal, roll-down garage door. The somewhat decorative stepped parapet projects out from the façade. There is a wide wood lintel above the garage opening. Two plate glass windows flank the garage door, forming an overall symmetrical front façade composition. There is a low gable roof, with several skylight and ventilation openings, behind the stepped parapet. A metal downspout and gutter are situated at the west end of the front elevation, which is likely repeated at east, but it is obscured by plantings. The rear, or north, elevation is also obscured by vines and plantings.

B6. CONSTRUCTION HISTORY (CONTINUED)

NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENT & CONSTRUCTION HISTORY

The subject property is on a block in the Shattuck Tract of Downtown Berkeley bounded by Shattuck Avenue on the east, Blake Street on the south, Milvia Street on the west, and Dwight Way on the north. This area was originally part of Don Luis Peralta’s Rancho San Antonio.1 In 1842, Don Peralta divided the land into four parts and gifted one to each of his four sons: Ignacio, Domingo, Antonio, and Vicente. Domingo Peralta, who owned the land that became Berkeley, sold most of his portion of the rancho to land speculators. The speculators sold the land to investors and farmers.

The land that became the Shattuck Tract was first surveyed in 1854 by surveyor Julius Kellersberger and known as the Plot 68 subdivision, comprising 160 acres. Francis K. Shattuck (1824-1898) subdivided Plot 68; the subject block was included on Shattuck Tract Map No. 4, filed by Shattuck on March 4, 1894.

Subject Block History By 1903--when the subject block first appears on Sanborn maps--the north side of the 2000 block of Blake Street was about half developed. Several commercial buildings faced Shattuck Avenue, and five single-family residences faced Blake Street. The rest of the parcels (four) were vacant. The south side of the block was half developed with residences and half vacant. By the time of the 1911 Sanborn map publication, the north side of Blake Street had taken on the mixed-use appearance that characterizes it today. Two warehouses had been constructed, and a Chinese laundry replaced a single-family home.

1 Charles Wollenberg, Berkeley: A City in History (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008).

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The south side of the block had a few more residences facing Blake and a few more commercial buildings on Shattuck. The western third of the parcels were vacant.

The 1941 Sanborn map shows that light-industrial buildings had replaced single-family dwellings at 2019, 2029, and 2035 Blake Street. At the south side, the parcels on the west side of the block remained vacant, buildings facing Shattuck had been replaced by a used-car lot, and the H.J. Haney Ice Factory had filled in the rear of the parcels at 2026-2036 Blake Street.

By 1950, the north side of the subject block was a mix of single-family dwellings and light-industrial shops and warehouses (mostly auto-related). The south side of the block had a multi-family bungalow court at the southwest (2000-2006 Blake Street), single- and multifamily dwellings (2014-2022 Blake Street), the Union Ice Company ice factory (2026-2036 Blake Street), and a used car lot at the corner of Blake and Shattuck Avenue (2046 Blake Street).

Subject Property Construction History The residence at 2001 Blake Street in Berkeley, CA was constructed in 1922 (building permit 11793). The original building was a 28’x46’ six-room, wood-frame residence with a small garage on a 40’x105’ lot. The garage at the rear of the property (2011 Blake Street) was constructed c. 1920, according to Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association (BAHA) records.2 The garage first appears on the 1941 Sanborn map. Permitted alterations include the following: interior remodel (1950) and reroofing (2001).

2 Mark Wilson, Berkeley Urban Conservation Survey, form 16826-A, March 22, 1978.

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B10. SIGNIFICANCE (CONTINUED)

OWNER & OCCUPANT HISTORY

Years Owner/Occupants Source

1924-late 1960s Herman and Isabel Bredlow; Historic newspaper articles, Bredlow family (owners) census data, city directories, BAHA files

1943-1945 Paul R. Cowles (renter) Historic newspaper articles, city directories

1962-1964 A.B. and Vera Good (renters) Historic newspaper articles, city directories

c. 1970-unknown Alfred and Frances Maffly BAHA files (owner)

The first known owners of 2001 Blake Street were Herman and Isabel Bredlow, who lived on the property from at least 1924 to 1939.3 Herman Bredlow was born in San Francisco in 1877 to German parents.4 He married Isabel (last name unknown) in 1899; she was born in Nevada in 1881 to a Scottish father and an American mother. They had four daughters.

Herman Bredlow worked as a day carpenter (19105), a ship joiner at the Moore Shipyard in Oakland (19186), an auto mechanic (1920-19287), a serviceman for a radio company (19308), and owner of an electrical repair shop (19399). Bredlow apparently operated his auto repair business from the garage behind the house (2011 Blake Street), according to city directories. Little is known about Isabel Bredlow’s

life other than serving as Commander of the Women’s Benefit Association Argonaut Review in 1924.10

Herman Bredlow died in a car crash in June 1939 at the age of 62. A few months later, Isabel advertised the house for rent: “Very lovely, modern 6-room bungalow; transportation; garage; adults.”11 The Bredlow

3 “Eastbay Lodge Activities,” Oakland Tribune, January 23, 1924; Oakland Tribune, June 17, 1930; “Intensify Search for Dog Poisoner,” Berkeley Daily Gazette, June 22, 1936; “Houses Unfurnished,” Oakland Tribune, August 22, 1939. 4 Ancestry.com census data, 1930; Census Place: Berkeley, Alameda, California; Page: 9A; Enumeration District: 0292; FHL microfilm: 2339845; “Attack Kills Man at Wheel of Auto,” Berkeley Daily Gazette, June 5, 1939. 5 Ancestry.com census data, 1910; Census Place: Oakland Ward 1, Alameda, California; Roll: T624_69; Page: 10B; Enumeration District: 0076; FHL microfilm: 1374082. 6 Ancestry.com voter registration archive, California; Registration County: Alameda; Roll: 1531210; Draft Board: 3. 7 1910 census; city directories. 8 1930 census. 9 “Attack Kills Man at Wheel of Auto.” 10 “Eastbay Lodge Activities.” 11 “Houses Unfurnished.”

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family owned the property through the late 1960s.12 Tenants during this period include: Paul R. Cowles (1943-194513) and A.B. and Vera H. Good (1962-196414).

Alfred and Frances Maffly owned the building beginning c. 1970.15

RELEVANT HISTORIC CONTEXT

Residential Development and Architecture in Downtown Berkeley16 Residential development in Downtown Berkeley is diverse, the result of over a century of growth. Residences range from Victorian single-family dwellings, to post-earthquake shingled boxes, to 1960s multistory apartment blocks. The earliest residences in Berkeley consisted of scattered country houses constructed in the 1860s and 1870s, isolated from the surrounding communities by distance and poor roads. The situation completely changed in 1876 when the Central Pacific (later the Southern Pacific) Railroad extended a spur line from Oakland along Adeline Street and Shattuck Avenue terminating at Stanford Square (now Shattuck Square and Berkeley Square).

Berkeley’s development as a town and residential area was almost instantaneous, and the Town of Berkeley was incorporated in 1878. That year a developer’s map touted the convenience of travel from Berkeley’s neighborhoods to San Francisco, ostensibly to promote Berkeley as a convenient place of residence for those working in the city: “Only three blocks from the Railroad Station, and within 45 minutes of San Francisco.” An 1888 map of the downtown showed that the area had been divided into numerous tracts of land; North of University Avenue there were the Hardy, College, Clapp, and Villa Lots tracts. From University Avenue south to Dwight Way, the project area included the edge of the large McGee tract, and parts of the B.L.T. Lassin and Barker Tracts.

By the early 1890s most of the blocks in the downtown residential areas had been divided into various individual lots. Most were the standard rectangular, residential lots with the narrow side facing the street. Interestingly, although lot sizes were standard within a single block, they varied between blocks.4 By the time of the 1894 Sanborn Map many of the residential lots had been built out, but a few remained undeveloped. Most residences were small to medium single-family dwellings from one to two stories. In contrast to land use patterns today, University Avenue was primarily residential with a small commercial section at the intersection of University and Shattuck Avenues.

12 Donogh real estate file, Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association. 13 “Activities in the Churches—‘The Great Evangel’ to Be Subject of Bible Studios,” Berkeley Daily Gazette, February 16, 1943; Berkeley Daily Gazette, January 5, 1944; Berkeley Daily Gazette, January 23, 1945. 14 “Passerby Foils Holdup; Pair Nabbed,” Oakland Tribune, January 20, 1962; “Obituaries,” Oakland Tribune, September 21, 1964. 15 Donogh real estate file, Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association. 16 This section is excerpted from Architectural Resources Group, City of Berkeley Downtown Survey and Contexts: Downtown Berkeley Historic Resources Reconnaissance Survey, August 2007, pp. 45-58. See endnotes in that report for citations.

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boom. Not surprisingly, by the time of the 1911 Sanborn Map, most residential lots in the vicinity of the downtown were filled. Some lots had been further subdivided resulting in more dense residential development. For the first time apartments and buildings with multiple flats were constructed near the downtown mostly in the north residential section. There were other changes in residential construction in Berkeley. In the nineteenth century, residences within the project area all had unique footprints, but the 1911 map shows multiple properties with identical footprints suggesting they may have been built by a developer, based on the same design. In addition, setbacks (the distance from the façade of the residences and the street) were more standardized. Much of University Avenue remained residential.

In 1920 a comprehensive zoning measure was passed dividing Berkeley into seven types of land-use districts. Class-I districts included single-family dwellings, churches, railroad stations, flats, apartments, tenements, lodgings, hotels, and dormitories. Most of the downtown area was not zoned residential with the exception of the three residential areas described above. Berkeley continued to grow in the 1920s and by the time of the 1929 Sanborn Map, the population increase was evident in higher density development. By 1929 in the downtown north residential area, some single-family residences had been replaced with two-story apartment buildings. The economic pressures of the Depression also caused a change in the density of the downtown residential areas. Throughout the country during the Depression, many families saw a decrease in income and could no longer afford their houses. The result of these two factors was that many of the large single-family residences in Berkeley’s downtown area were modified to become rooming houses or flats, accommodating multi-family occupancy. On some streets such as University Avenue and Kittredge Street, which had transitioned from residential to commercial, first-floor storefronts were added in front of residences.

In 1940 the 1920 zoning map was updated, but the districts within the downtown remained the same. Although zoning had not changed, residential density had; by 1950 nearly every residential lot within the study area was filled. In addition, many new apartment buildings had been constructed. For example, in the downtown southeast residential area, there were five four-unit apartment buildings. Similarly, many single-family residences had been divided into multiple units. World War II-era worker housing had been constructed at 2145 Dwight Way and 2007 Milvia Street. In the 1960s density in the downtown residential areas further increased with the construction of large-scale multi-story apartment buildings.

Many talented contractors and craftsmen were employed to execute residential buildings in Berkeley. More research should be undertaken in the future to identify these individuals and link them to specific projects. Additionally, there were likely many residential developers working in Berkeley. Further research is also necessary with regard to these individuals and companies to determine their significance within the residential architectural context of Berkeley.

Residential Architectural Styles17 Few single-family residences within [Downtown Berkeley] were architect designed. Several apartment buildings were designed by architects, such as William Wharff and Walter H. Ratcliff, whose projects also included commercial and civic buildings in Berkeley. In the late nineteenth century, residential designs were often adapted from standard designs found in magazines or pattern books.

17 This section is excerpted from Architectural Resources Group, City of Berkeley Downtown Survey and Contexts: Downtown Berkeley Historic Resources Reconnaissance Survey, August 2007, pp. 45-58. See endnotes in that report for citations.

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Residential building types in Downtown Berkeley are diverse with large single-family residences, apartment buildings, small cottages, duplexes, and flats. Within each of these building types there are representative examples of most major residential architectural styles popular between 1880 and 1950. While the downtown has more Victorian era (Queen Anne, Stick, Eastlake, and Folk Victorian) and Classical Revival houses than any other styles, there are also a number of Shingle Style, Colonial Revival, and Spanish Revival style houses. Regardless of style, most of the residential buildings within the neighborhood are of wood-frame construction.

Craftsman 1890-1930 California architects and builders embraced the Arts and Crafts tradition that had taken hold of England, Europe, and much of the Eastern United States. Proponents of this tradition included such noted architectural personalities as the Boston firm of Cram & Goodhue, New England’s H. H. Richardson and his development of the Shingle style, Philadelphia’s Wilson Eyre, Chicago’s Frank Lloyd Wright, New York State’s Gustav Stickley, and on the West Coast, Pasadena’s Greene brothers. In Berkeley Bernard Maybeck, Ernest Coxhead, and naturalist Charles Keeler promoted the style (see the Shingle style). The Craftsman tradition featured simple handcrafted materials. The movement embodied every aspect of residential design from furniture to the “bucolic setting” of one’s yard to the art pottery and wallpaper that decorated house interiors. Popular literature, examples of which include, The Craftsman, Ladies Home Journal, Bungalow Magazine and House Beautiful, distributed the movement’s ideals to the middle class.

The Arts and Crafts had broad boundaries that were further defined by regional tastes and interests. In California, the movement became ingrained in middle-class neighborhoods in the form of the bungalow. The bungalow is really a building type with some houses stylistically reflecting California’s Mission tradition, others incorporated features of the Shingle style, while others employed Middle Eastern and Asian influences.

California’s warm climate made the bungalow even more popular. The California bungalow was usually a one-story, detached house. However, variations on this norm included bungalow courts (several houses or units around a courtyard) and houses with an inhabitable attic called an “upper room.” Consistent features of the plans include an entrance directly into the living room with no parlor and a large kitchen. Many had sleeping porches, breakfast nooks, and inglenooks (or fireplace seats). Bungalows were usually constructed on small lots. Many two-story houses were designed with certain bungalow features, such as the large front porch and plan.

Typical features of the Craftsman bungalow include: ● gabled roofs; ● dormer windows; ● wide porches; ● overhanging eaves; ● shingles or stucco cladding; and ● exposed rafters, purlins, and ridge beams.

Historic Maps and Figures

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 8 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1878 Alameda County tract map; red circle marks approximate location of subject property (HistoricMapworks.com)

1884 map of Oakland, Berkeley & Alameda, William J. Dingee, publisher; red circle marks approximate location of subject property (David Rumsey Map Collection)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 9 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1894 Shattuck Tract Map No. 4; red circle marks approximate location of subject property (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 10 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1903 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Oakland Volume 3, map 337; red circle marks location of subject property (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

1906 block book map; red circle marks location of subject property; owner is noted as R___ Young (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 11 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1911 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Berkeley Volume 2, map 140; red circle marks location of subject property (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

1941 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Berkeley Volume 2, map 140; red frame marks location of subject property (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 12 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1950 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Berkeley Volume 2, map 140; red frame marks location of subject property (San Francisco Public Library)

1980 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Berkeley Volume 2, map 140; red frame marks location of subject property (City of Berkeley) CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 13 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

The California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) is an inventory of significant architectural, archaeological, and historical resources in the State of California. Resources can be listed in the CRHR through a number of methods. State Historical Landmarks and National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)-listed properties are automatically listed in the CRHR. Properties can also be nominated to the CRHR by local governments, private organizations, or citizens.

The evaluative criteria used by the CRHR for determining eligibility are closely based on those developed by the National Park Service for the NRHP. According to PRC Section 5024.1(c), a resource, either an individual property or a contributor to a historic district, may be listed in the CRHR if the State Historical Resources Commission determines that it meets one or more of the following criteria, which are modeled on NRHP criteria:

Criterion 1: It is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage.

Criterion 2: It is associated with the lives of persons important in our past.

Criterion 3: It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values.

Criterion 4: It has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in history or prehistory.

In addition to meeting the applicable eligibility criteria, a property must retain historic integrity, which is defined in National Register Bulletin 15 as the “ability of a property to convey its significance” (National Park Service 1990). In order to assess integrity, the National Park Service recognizes seven aspects or qualities that, considered together, define historic integrity. To retain integrity, a property must possess certain aspects of integrity, which are defined in the following manner in National Register Bulletin 15:

1. Location – the place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event occurred;

2. Design – the combination of elements that create the form, plan, space, structure, and style of a property;

3. Setting – the physical environment of a historic property;

4. Materials – the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern or configuration to form a historic property;

5. Workmanship – the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history or prehistory;

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 14 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

6. Feeling – a property’s expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time;

7. Association – the direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property.

Resources nominated to the CRHR must retain enough of their historic character or appearance to convey the reasons for their significance. Resources whose historic integrity does not meet NRHP criteria may still be eligible for listing in the CRHR.

CITY OF BERKELEY LANDMARKS, HISTORIC DISTRICTS, AND STRUCTURES OF MERIT DESIGNATION CRITERIA The City of Berkeley Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) is responsible for the preservation and protection of Berkeley's cultural and historic landmarks. The LPC is also responsible for making discretionary decisions for alterations to cultural and historic landmarks.

A. City of Berkeley Landmarks and Historic Districts General criteria which the commission shall use when considering structures, sites and areas for landmark or historic district designation are as follows:

1. Architectural merit: a. Property that is the first, last, only or most significant architectural property of its type in the region; b. Properties that are prototypes of or outstanding examples of periods, styles, architectural movements or construction, or examples of the more notable works of the best surviving work in a region of an architect, designer or master builder; or c. Architectural examples worth preserving for the exceptional values they add as part of the neighborhood fabric. 2. Cultural value: Structures, sites and areas associated with the movement or evolution of religious, cultural, governmental, social and economic developments of the City; 3. Educational value: Structures worth preserving for their usefulness as an educational force; 4. Historic value: Preservation and enhancement of structures, sites and areas that embody and express the history of Berkeley/Alameda County/California/United States. History may be social, cultural, economic, political, religious or military; 5. Any property which is listed on the National Register described in Section 470A of Title 16 of the United States Code.

B. City of Berkeley Structures of Merit General criteria which the commission shall use when considering structures, sites and areas for landmark or historic district designation are as follows: 1. General criteria shall be architectural merit and/or cultural, educational, or historic interest or value. If upon assessment of a structure, the commission finds that the structure does not currently meet the criteria as set out for a landmark, but it is worthy of preservation as part of a neighborhood, a block or a street frontage, or as part of a group of buildings which includes landmarks, that structure may be designated a structure of merit.

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 15 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

2. Specific criteria include, but are not limited to one or more of the following: a. The age of the structure is contemporary with (1) a designated landmark within its neighborhood, block, street frontage, or group of buildings, or (2) an historic period or event of significance to the City, or to the structure’s neighborhood, block, street frontage, or group of buildings. b. The structure is compatible in size, scale, style, materials or design with a designated landmark structure within its neighborhood, block, street frontage, or group of buildings. c. The structure is a good example of architectural design. d. The structure has historical significance to the City and/or to the structure’s neighborhood, block, street frontage, or group of buildings. (Ord. 5686-NS § 1 (part), 1985: Ord. 4694-NS § 3.1, 1974)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 16 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

CRHR Significance Evaluation

CRHR Criterion 1 The property at 2001 Blake Street does not appear to be associated with events or patterns important to local, state, or national history and does not rise to the level of significance required for individual eligibility under CRHR Criterion 1.

CRHR Criterion 2 The property at 2001 Blake Street does not appear to be associated with significant individuals, organizations, or businesses. The property at 2001 Blake Street does not appear to possess the significance required for individual eligibility under CRHR Criterion 2.

CRHR Criterion 3 The buildings at 2001 Blake Street are not representative of a unique or distinctive architectural design, nor are they the work of a master architect or builder. The property at 2001 Blake Street does not appear to possess the significance required for individual eligibility under CRHR Criterion 3.

CRHR Criterion 4 Eligibility evaluation under Criterion 4 is beyond the scope of this report.

Integrity An integrity evaluation is not required for properties that do not possess significance under the CRHR criteria.

City of Berkeley Landmark, Historic District, and Structure of Merit Evaluation As noted in the CRHR evaluation, the property at 2001 Blake Street does not appear to be associated with events or patterns important to Berkeley history. It does not appear to be associated with significant individuals, organizations, or businesses. The buildings are not representative of a unique or distinctive architectural design, nor are they the work of a master architect or builder. The buildings on this parcel do not meet the City of Berkeley criteria for either a Landmark or Structure of Merit.

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 17 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

Site Photographs

South façade, November 2018 (A+H, LLC)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 18 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

South and east facades, November 2018 (A+H, LLC)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 19 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

Garages at 2001 Blake Street (at left behind fence) and 2011 Blake Street (right), November 2018 (A+H, LLC)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 20 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2001 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

B12. REFERENCES (CONTINUED)

METHODOLOGY This Historic Resource Evaluation (HRE) was prepared by Bridget Maley of architecture + history, llc, in association with Shayne Watson of Watson Heritage Consulting, at the request of Rhoades Planning Group. Maley and Watson exceed the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualification Standards for Architectural History and History (Code of Federal Regulations, 36 CFR Part 61).

The project team conducted a site visit at the subject property in December 2018 and photographed the property and surrounding area. After the site visit, research on the building included in-person or online visits to the following archives and data repositories: Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association (BAHA), City of Berkeley Permit Service Center, Berkeley Public Library, San Francisco Public Library, Ancestry.com, Newspapers.com, and Newspaper Archive. BAHA has in its archives forms from earlier (1970s) survey efforts, which made a trip to the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS) Information Center unnecessary for this project.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Ancestry.com. 1860-1940 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2009.

Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association. Block files, Sanborn maps, building permits.

City of Berkeley, Department of Planning & Development. Building permits, Sanborn maps.

Newspapers.com. Historic newspaper articles.

San Francisco Public Library. San Francisco Chronicle database, NewsArchive database, Sanborn maps.

Wollenberg, Charles. Berkeley: A City in History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008.

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 21 P ROJECT I MPACTS A NALYSIS 2015 B LAKE S TREET P ROJECT M AY 2020 B ERKELEY, A LAMEDA C OUNTY, C ALIFORNIA

2015 Blake Street

P-01-005187 / Haney Ice Company

*Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

P1. Other Identifier: APN: 055-182201304 P2. Location: Unrestricted *a. County; Alameda *b. USGS 7.5': Oakland West, CA (2018) c. Address: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA 94710 d. Other Locational Data: N/A *P3a. Description: This shed-like, wood-frame, two-story warehouse is sheathed in corrugated metal panels, painted white. The building is rectangular in shape, occupying almost the entire lot. The gable roof runs perpendicular to the street. The front third of the west side has a shed-on-gable roof. The street facing façade has a centered, roll-down door with a built-in pedestrian door at the east side of the roll down. The metal roll- down door is set in a wood frame. There is a roughly square window centered in the gable above the roll- down door. There are no other front façade openings on the east side. However, to the west of the roll down, and under the angle of the shed roof is a pair of double-hung windows. To the west of these is a single, double-hung window. At the lower portion of the west front there is a large, tripartite window with a decorative metal grille. The windows on the west side of the front façade are set in wood frames, but the windows themselves appear to be aluminum replacements. (See continuation sheet.)

*P3b. Resource Attributes: HP6. 1-3 story commercial building

*P4. Resources Present: Building

P5b. Description of Photo: Photo looking northwest (Nov. 2018)

*P6. Date Constructed: c. 1910 (BAHA files and Sanborn maps)

*P7. Owner and Address: Richard Nagler Properties, LLC

*P8. Recorded by: Bridget Maley & Shayne Watson architecture+history, llc San Francisco, CA *P9. Date Recorded: June 2020 *P10. Survey Type: Historic resource evaluation *P11. Report Citation: 2015 Blake Street, Historic Resource Evaluation, architecture+history, llc, 2018. *Attachments: Building, Structure, and Object Record (BSO) and Continuation Sheet

*Required information

DPR 523A (9/2013) Page 1 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # BUILDING, STRUCTURE & OBJECT RECORD

*Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

B1. Historic Name: 2015 Blake Street B2. Common Name: 2015 Blake Street B3. Original Use: Feed and coal storage B4. Present Use: Manufacturing *B5. Architectural Style: Vernacular *B6. Construction History: See continuation sheets.

*B7. Moved? No *B8. Related Features: None

B9a. Architect: Unknown b. Builder: Stone and Lambert (Source: Historic Resources Inventory form in BAHA files, March 1979)

*B10. Significance: Theme N/A Area Berkeley, CA Period of Significance N/A Property Type Light Industrial Applicable Criteria N/A

See continuation sheets.

*B12. References: See footnotes and references at end of report for citations.

B13. Remarks: None

*B14. Evaluator: Maley & Watson, architecture+history, llc

*Date of Evaluation: June 2020

(This space reserved for official comments.)

DPR 523B (9/2013) Page 2 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

P3A. DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) The west façade abuts adjacent properties and buildings. The east façade, visible as the adjacent lot was never developed, is also sheathed in white-painted corrugated metal. It has what appears to be an original sliding wood vehicular entry door at the far north side of the east elevation. The rear, north façade, is visible only at the upper portion as the lower is obscured by mature plantings. It is sheathed in corrugated metal, painted white and there is an opening at the apex of the gable, similar to the front façade.

B6. CONSTRUCTION HISTORY (CONTINUED)

NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENT & CONSTRUCTION HISTORY

1 Charles Wollenberg, Berkeley: A City in History (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008).

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 3 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

Subject Property Construction History The building was constructed in 1910 as a one-room, one-story warehouse (permit 464). It was first used for feed and coal storage. Permitted alterations include the following: 1947 - addition of three offices to existing warehouse (permit 62063); 1968 - reroofing (permit 111244).

B10. SIGNIFICANCE (CONTINUED)

OWNER & OCCUPANT HISTORY

Years Property Owner Tenant Source

c. 1910-1942 Hamilton J. Haney Hamilton J. Haney BAHA files

1946 Unknown John T. Morris, roofer Historic newspaper articles

1947-1952 W.E. de la Contractors Equipment Building permit, BAHA files, Montanya Service Co.; C. Woodram historic newspaper articles, city Bates, Civil Engineer directories

1954-1968 Alfred E. and Black Roofing Co. BAHA files, historic newspaper Frances Maffly articles, city directories

1960 Alfred E. and C-Thru Aluminum Awning BAHA files, historic newspaper Frances Maffly Co. articles, city directories

1971 Alfred E. and Van’s Import Auto & BAHA files, historic newspaper Frances Maffly Association articles

1973 Alfred E. and Craig McCaleb (sp.) BAHA files, building permit Frances Maffly furniture shop

1976 Alfred E. and Howling Dog Auto Repair BAHA files, building permit Frances Maffly

1978-1995 Alfred E. and Auto Milano BAHA files, building permit Frances Maffly (through 1979)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 4 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1970s-present Alfred E. and Timberline Geodesics BAHA files, city directories Frances Maffly (through c. 1979)

Constructed c. 1910, the first known use for this property was feed and coal storage. A historic resources inventory form prepared in March 1979 notes the following about the history:

Hamilton J. Haney owned all of the listed properties [2015 Blake, 2258 Shattuck, and a building on Parker Street, address unknown] at different times into the 1940s, in addition to the land north of 2558 Shattuck to Blake Street. He was the owner of the Haney Ice Company, one of the largest in Berkeley. He also dealt in wood and coal and the sheds were used for that purpose for some time. In 1946, he sold one section to the Union Ice Co. for its Berkeley plant. The Union Ice Company is the oldest ice company in California.2

Beginning around 1946, the building was used by a series of short- and long-term tenants, mostly related to the construction and building trades. In the mid-1970s, Timberline Geodesics was located at 2015 Blake Street (they are still located there in 2018). Timberline manufactures geodesic homes. Auto Milano, owned by Danny Tamburrinno, was located at this address from 1978 to 1995.

RELEVANT HISTORIC CONTEXT

Light Industry in Berkeley3 Industrial growth in Berkeley paralleled the growth of the city, and in its infancy small industries such as nurseries, bakeries, and planing mills sprang up as needs arose. The larger industries in existence the first three decades after the city’s inception included Berkeley’s first industry, the Pioneer Starch and Grist Mill (1855), West Berkeley Planing Mill (1857), Standard Soap Works/Colgate (1875), Hofburg Brewery (1880), and the West Berkeley Brewery (1883). Most of these industries were located in west Berkeley near the San Francisco Bay.

Berkeley experienced an industrial boom after the 1906 Earthquake and Fire forced industries out of San Francisco. Companies were attracted to cities that witnessed relatively little destruction from the earthquake, such as Berkeley and Oakland. Reportedly, thirty industries relocated to or were established in Berkeley immediately following the earthquake. The industrial expansion continued to benefit Berkeley well into the 1920s. Census reports showed 84 manufacturing plants in Berkeley in 1909, 113 plants in 1919, and 193 plants in 1928. In 1929 the Berkeley Chamber of Commerce boasted its eclectic assortment of industries in the local newspaper:

Berkeley is the largest center of production of cocoanut oil in the United States and therefore in the world. [We] make here marine engines and gas engines of all descriptions…automatic egg

2 Historic Resources Inventory form in BAHA files, March 1979. 3 This section is excerpted from Architectural Resources Group, City of Berkeley Downtown Survey and Contexts: Downtown Berkeley Historic Resources Reconnaissance Survey, August 2007, pp. 73-79. See endnotes in that report for citations.

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 5 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

cleaning and candling machines…motor-driven railroad cars…musical instruments...soaps and food products…”

In the 1930s industry in Berkeley continued to flourish through the Great Depression, even as an economic slump wreaked a lasting financial disaster throughout the rest of the country. In 1938 over 300 manufacturing plants operated in Berkeley. High profile companies, which constructed factories in Berkeley, included the Palm-Olive-Peet Company, H.J. Heinz Corporation, and the Philadelphia Quartz Company. World War II brought industry to Berkeley in the form of war-supply manufacturers settling in west Berkeley, a part of the city that by the second decade of the twentieth century was zoned specifically for manufacturing. On the other side of the city, Downtown Berkeley had forced out nearly all of its larger industries and by the 1940s and 50s was dedicated largely to small businesses and residential neighborhoods. The only industries left near Downtown Berkeley in 1950 consisted of small bakeries, printers, and small specialty industries, such as a felt product manufacturer that catered to the “school spirit” industry, manufacturing such products as pennants and banners.

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 6 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

Historic Maps and Figures

1878 Alameda County tract map; red circle marks approximate location of subject property (HistoricMapworks.com)

1884 map of Oakland, Berkeley & Alameda, William J. Dingee, publisher; red circle marks approximate location of subject property (David Rumsey Map Collection)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 7 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1894 Shattuck Tract Map No. 4; red circle marks approximate location of subject property (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 8 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1903 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Oakland Volume 3, map 337; red circle marks location of subject property (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

1906 block book map; red circle marks location of subject property; owner is noted as Emma Brugiuiere (sp.) (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 9 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1911 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Berkeley Volume 2, map 140; red circle marks location of subject property (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

1941 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Berkeley Volume 2, map 140; red frame marks location of subject property (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 10 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1950 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Berkeley Volume 2, map 140; red frame marks location of subject property (San Francisco Public Library)

1980 Sanborn Fire Insurance Company map, Berkeley Volume 2, map 140; red frame marks location of subject property (City of Berkeley)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 11 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1946 advertisement for John T. Morris at 2015 Blake Street (Berkeley Daily Gazette via NewspaperArchive)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 12 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1954 advertisement for Black Roofing Co. at 2015 Blake Street (Berkeley Daily Gazette via NewspaperArchive)

1960 advertisement for C-Thru Aluminum Awning Co. at 2015 Blake Street (Oakland Tribune via NewspaperArchive)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 13 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1971 photograph of 2015 Blake Street (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 14 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1977 photograph of 2015 Blake Street (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

DPR 523L (9/2013) Page 15 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial # CONTINUATION SHEET *Resource Name or #: 2015 Blake Street, Berkeley, CA

1979 photograph of 2015 Blake Street (Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association)

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CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA The California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) is an inventory of significant architectural, archaeological, and historical resources in the State of California. Resources can be listed in the CRHR through a number of methods. State Historical Landmarks and National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)-listed properties are automatically listed in the CRHR. Properties can also be nominated to the CRHR by local governments, private organizations, or citizens.