DOCSLIB.ORG

Idstori Diver

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Idstori Diver IDSTORI DIVER "elf((!} a;k o( wah ,wJ" li lhli- don't du wdhoul haumg bonowEd, ;/o(w, (;u'cha><d a< mad£ a hdm£1 o{ ;o,l>, to g!,mp>< (o' gouud( thli nEw wodd 'Wif(iam 'BEEbE, "'Bwwlh 1~wpio dw/ 1928 Number 14 Winter 1998 Rouquayrol Denayrouze in America • Nick !com's Museum of Diving History • Hans and Lotte Hass • Lloyd Bridges • • Robison Bros. of Melbourne Australia • Christie's Heinke • • Lillian Kimble Patton • DEMA 98 • ADC • Torrance Parker • • Ye Olde Master Divers Locker • De Helmduiker • James Lockwood • HISTORICAL DIVING SOCIETY USA HISTORICAL DIVER MAGAZINE A PUBLIC BENEFIT NONPROFIT CORPORATION ISSN 1094-4516 2022 CLIFF DRIVE# 119 THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA 93109 U.S.A. THE HISTORICAL DIVING SOCIETY U.S.A. PHONE: 805-692-0072 FAX: 805-692-0042 DIVING HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF e-mail: [email protected] or HTTP://WWW.hds.org/ AUSTRALIA, S.E. ASIA ADVISORY BOARD Historical Diving Society Corporate Members Dr. Sylvia Earle Dick Long Dick Bonin J. Thomas Millington, M.D. DIVING SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL Scott Carpenter Bob & Bill Meistrell U.S. DIVERS CO., INC. Jean-Michel Cousteau Bev Morgan D.E.S.C.O. E.R. Cross Phil Nuytten BEST PUBLISHING Andre Galeme Sir John Rawlins MAR-VEL UNDERWATER EQUIPMENT INC. Lad Handelman Andreas B. Rechnitzer Ph.D. SKIN DIVER MAGAZINE Prof. Hans and Lotte Hass Sidney J. Smith OCEANIC Les Ashton Smith AQUA MAGAZINE SOCIETY BOARD OF DIRECTORS DRS MARINE, INC. W.J. CASTLE P.E. & ASSOC. P.C. Chairman: Captain Paul Linaweaver M.D., U.S.N. Rtd., Presi­ MARINE SURPLUS SUPPLY dent: Leslie Leaney, Secretary/Treasurer: James Forte, Direc­ DECADIVING tors: Bonnie Cardone, Skip Dunham, Bob Kirby, Nick Icorn, ASSOCIATION OF DIVING CONTRACTORS Bob Christansen, Steve Chaparro, Shane Anderson, Executive MARION HILL ASSOCIATES INC. Director: Andy Lentz DIVERS SUPPLY INC. MCGRIFF SEIBELS & WILLIAMS OF TEXAS, INC. .-----FOUNDING BENEFACTORS -----. OCEANEERING INTERNATIONAL INC. WEST COAST Art Bachrach, Ph. D. Robert & Caroline Leaney MADCON CORPORATION Roger Bankston A.L. "Scrap" Lundy AMERICAN UNDERWATER CONTRACTORS INC. Ken and Susan Brown Jim Mabry JANE PETRO MD Wayne Brusate Andrew R. Mrozinski DIVERS WORLD LIMITED P.K. Chandran Torrance Parker PACIFIC COMMERCIAL DIVING SUPPLY PTY. LTD John Rice Churchill Alese and Morton Fechter MOORE MARINE SERVICES Raymond I. Dawson, Jr. Bob Ratcliffe BAMBOO REEF ENTERPRISES INC. Jesse and Brenda Dean Lee Selisky DRYDEN DIVING CO. INC. Diving Systems International Robert D. Shepard T N J MARINE INC. Fred Johnson Edward Lee Spence DIVE COMMERCIAL INTERNATIONAL, INC. Randy Hanks Rod Stanley DIVER DOWN UNDERWATER SERVICES Ron & Christl Karlsson Hironao Tanaka NORTH COAST DIVERS INC. Bob & Claudia Kirby Dr. James Vorosmarti CALDWELL'S DIVING CO. INC. Leslie Leaney Gene & Elizabeth Webb AQUA TECH DIVE CENTER CROFTON DIVING CORPORATION MARITIME AUCTIONS SML CONSTRUCTION & DIVING W. L. DOFFING COMPANY SCUBA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. DEVELOPMENT COUNSELLORS INTERNATIONAL AFFILIATE MEMBER CHARTER HDS ADVENTURES IN DIVING DHSASEA MEMBER HDSITALIA BOB EVANS DESIGNS, INC. HDS S.AFRICA THE UNDERSEA COMPANY HDSUSA SAN DIEGO COLLEGE OF OCEANEERING 2726 SHELTER ISLAND DRIVE #80 SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92106 LIGHT AND MOTION INDUSTRIES TEL 619-226-1199 IMMERSED INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES HDS HDSITALIA HDS SOUTH AFRICA DHS AUSTRALIA HDS DENMARK, SECRETARY SECRETARY SECRETARY SOUTH EAST ASIA THE SECRETARY. LITTLE GATTON LODGE Via G.B. Barbiani, 13 P.O. BOX 36541 P.O. BOX 2064 FRIDTJOF NANSENSVEJ 25 GATTON ROAD 48100 RAVENNA CHEMPET 7442 NORMANVILLE 32, 8200- RHUS REI GATE, ITALY CAPETOWN 5204 SOUTH AUSTRALIA DENMARK SURREY RH2 OHB SOUTH AFRICA AUSTRALIA UNITED KINGDOM 2 HISTORICAL DIVER No. 14 Winter 1998 HISTORICAL DIVER ISSN 1094-4516 Number 14 Winter 1998 EDITORS CONTENT Leslie Leaney, Editor PAGE Andy Lentz, Production Editor 4 Editorial, Secretary's Note Book CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Bonnie Cardone E.R. Cross Nick Icorn 5 DHSASEA Peter Jackson Nyle Monday Jeff Dennis 6 Hans Hass John Kane Jim Boyd 8 News OVERSEAS EDITORS Michael Jung (Germany) 9 1997 HDSUSA E.R. Cross Award recipient. Nick Baker (United Kingdom) Torrance Parker Jeff Maynard (Australia) Email: [email protected] 10 Dive Into History. Rouquayrol and Denayrouze HISTORICAL DIVER (ISSN 1094-4516) is published four at Santa Barbara, California. times a year by the Historical Diving Society USA, a Non­ 12 ADCAWARDS Profit Corporation, 2022 Cliff Drive #119 Santa Barbara, Cali­ 13 New Members fornia 93109 USA. Copyright © 1998 all rights reserved His­ torical Diving Society USA Tel. 805-692-0072 Fax 805-692- 14 DEMA 0042. 15 DEMA Reaching Out Awards HISTORICAL DIVER is compiled by Leslie Leaney and 16 In the Mail Andy Lentz. The content is affected by various elements. The 18 In Memory, Chuck Griswold Society only guarantees that each issue will contain no fewer than 24 pages .. 19 In Memory, Lloyd Bridges ADVERTISING INQUIRIES should be directed to: Histori­ 20 Nothing New Under the Sea- by Eric Hanauer cal Diver Magazine at Tel. 805-692-0072 Fax 805-692-0042 24 Helmets of the Deep. Robison Bros. of CONTRIBUTIONS: WE WELCOME CONTRIBUTIONS ON ANY HISTORICAL DIVING SUBJECT. Submissions and Melbourne Australia - by Jeff Maynard contributions on floppy disk are preferred (3.5" Windows/DOS 26 Women Pioneers in Diving. text format or Apple Macintosh formats) Please send a typed Lillian Kemble Patton - by Bonnie Cardone hard copy in addition to any disk. Typed manuscripts are also welcome. Illustrations accompanying text are appreciated. Sub­ 28 Information Wanted. missions should be sent to: Editor, Historical Diver, 2022 Cliff Early scuba rig. Dr. #119, Santa Barbara, CA, 93 I 09 USA. If you have access 564 Years of Diving History to e-mail, contributions can be sent to [email protected]. 29 Ye Olde U.S. Navy Master Divers Locker THE OPINIONS AND VIEWS EXPRESSED are those of the respective authors and are not necessarily the opinions and 30 The Christie's Heinke- by Leslie Leaney views of the Historical Diving Society USA. © 1998 Historical 33 De Helmduiker Diving Society USA. All Rights Reserved. 34 James Lockwood DISCLAIMER 35 Bibliophiles Diving is a potentially hazardous practice and if practiced incor­ rectly or with incomplete planning and procedures can expose a person to considerable risks including serious injury or death. It On The Cover requires specialized training, equipment and experience. HIS­ Photo courtesy of James Forte. TORICAL DIVER is not intended as a substitute for the above Society Advisory Board member Jean-Michel Cousteau or for the diver to abandon common sense in pursuit of diving in the Le Groin helmet of France's Rouquayrol activities beyond his or her abilities. HISTORICAL DIVER is Denayrouze diving apparatus. The Society, in conjunc­ intended as a source of information on various aspects of diving, tion with the Musee du Scaphandre of Espalion, Sea not as a substitute for proper training and experience. For train­ Pearls and various American sponsors, displayed this ing in diving, contact a national certification agency. The reader is advised that all the elements of hazard and risk associated with historic equipment as part of the Dive Into History pro­ diving cannot be brought out within the scope of this text. The gram held in January. Jean-Michel was the Society's of­ individuals, companies and organizations, presented in HISTORI­ ficial host for the program that included dives in the unit CAL DIVER, are not liable for damage or injury including death in self contained and surface supplied modes. It is be­ which may result from any diving activities, with respect to in­ lieved to be the first time the equipment has been dis­ formation contained herein. played in America. HISTORICAL DIVER No.l4 Winter 1998 3 EDITORIAL An Avalanche and a Legend The first couple of months of this year have been our busiest yet. What was a mountain of work at the HDS office became an avalanche that has over run not only both of us but nearly all of the Society Directors too. The year began with the hugely successful visit of the Rouquayrol Denayrouze unit for the Dive Into History Program in Santa Barbara. Three days later we were all at DEMAin Anaheim for four days with Greg Platt, Jeff Dennis and Rocky Rockwell running our booth. A week after DEMA we appeared in New Orleans for Underwater Intervention '98. Once that was over the HDS booth traveled to the Boston Sea Rovers Show where John Strahan and Bob Rusnack teamed up with James Forte and Brad Doane to represent the Society. The next week end some of us went to cover the SEALAB Reunion in San Diego and a week after that the booth was in New York at the Beneath the Sea Show where Bob, Greg and John manned the stand. The outcome of all this activity was an enormous surge in new member­ ship. In a period of three months over 200 new members joined the Society, an increase of about 20%. Membership is now over 1200. With this increase in membership has come an associated increase in paperwork. Hence we have been a little behind in getting the new member packages and certificates out but are now up to speed. However, the Society is now at the stage where the officers and directors have to be focused on exactly where their energies are directed as they collectively have only a limited amount of volunteer time to apply to projects. The only major HDS project approved by the Board for the remainder of the year is the Film Festival honoring the work of Hans and Lotte Hass. This should run our collective volunteer man-hour clock into the thousands of hours, but we will never again have an opportunity to present these true diving legends to American divers.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Evaluation of Oivi Ng and Submersible Systems I
    I , \ I AN EVALUATION OF OIVI NG AND SUBMERSIBLE SYSTEMS I. BY ROGE R W. COOK AND JEFFREYR. PRENTICE PRESENTED TO: THE MON ITOR NATIONAL CON FE REt~CE RALEIGH) NORTH CAROLINA APRI L 2 - 4, 1978 I. HARBOR BRANCH FOUNDATION TECHNICAL REPORT No.21 , HISTORY ·One of the first written records of man's ability to work underwater is found in the writings of Herodotus in the 5th Century B.C. He tells of a diver named Scyllis who worked to recover sunken treasure for King Xerxes. There are many other accounts of divers working underwater by holding their breath for two to three minutes but it was not until 1500-1800 A.D. that any significant advancements were made which could be attributed to present day diving technology. During the period after 1500, a device called a diving bell came into the forefront as a practical tool to explore the underwater world. The device was called a bell because it resembled a typical church bell of the times. The first account of such equipment being used was in 1531. Bells did not advance much until the 1680's when an adventurer named William Phipps from Massachusetts supplied air toa bell by lowering inverted, weighted buckets of air to the divers. The famed astronomer, Edmund Halley, also developed a bell and demonstrated his system in 1690. Other inventions by various people were developed but were all like the first diving bells limited by the fact that air could not oe continuously supplied to the divers. It was not until the turn of the 19th Century that a hand oper­ ated air pump was developed which could deliver a continuous supply of air.
    [Show full text]
  • G at Australian Seachange Newsletter
    Seachange Newsletter Edition 9 April 2010 x G at Australian Contents: Editorial Benefits 10% discounts Spearsafe and Safety Competitions State news Cover- Drew Fenney with Victorian record Yellowtail Kingfish Media Releases Membership AUF Mission: Bring Sport, Conservation and Awareness to the Underwater World Editorial Spear safe campaign Safety is a very important issue for all of us. There have been some tragic fatal accidents this year due to shallow water blackout and some nasty accidents from gear and sharks (see more below). The AUF offers our sincere condolences to the family and friends of those affected. We are also trying to prevent future incidents and accidents and there has been good progress to increase awareness of safety with a National Spearsafe campaign with website, stickers, brochure, DVD and risk assessments. We also have a goal of a single national Spearfishing training package. Nationals Congratulations to Rob Torelli for winning the Open National Spearfishing Championships (held in Victoria) for a Record 7 times and to Mary Anne Stacey for winning the women’s championships for a record 7 times. The juniors was won by Trent Crane (Vic), intermediate was Dave Scholefield (SA), veterans Gunther Pfrengle (NSW), Master John Schulter (NSW). The Superdiver (Spearfishing, finswimming and photography) was hotly contested and close and the winner was Garth Byron (NSW). The Mark Searle Interpacific Pairs trophy was won by Aaron Crocome and David Welch. A full report below. There were 33 competitors, great support from sponsors, some challenging conditions and small fish. Thank you very much to Zia Mustafa and his team for being the Competition Director.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Soldiers in Liberal Hollywood
    Katherine Kinney Cold Wars: Black Soldiers in Liberal Hollywood n 1982 Louis Gossett, Jr was awarded the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal of Gunnery Sergeant Foley in An Officer and a Gentleman, becoming theI first African American actor to win an Oscar since Sidney Poitier. In 1989, Denzel Washington became the second to win, again in a supporting role, for Glory. It is perhaps more than coincidental that both award winning roles were soldiers. At once assimilationist and militant, the black soldier apparently escapes the Hollywood history Donald Bogle has named, “Coons, Toms, Bucks, and Mammies” or the more recent litany of cops and criminals. From the liberal consensus of WWII, to the ideological ruptures of Vietnam, and the reconstruction of the image of the military in the Reagan-Bush era, the black soldier has assumed an increasingly prominent role, ironically maintaining Hollywood’s liberal credentials and its preeminence in producing a national mythos. This largely static evolution can be traced from landmark films of WWII and post-War liberal Hollywood: Bataan (1943) and Home of the Brave (1949), through the career of actor James Edwards in the 1950’s, and to the more politically contested Vietnam War films of the 1980’s. Since WWII, the black soldier has held a crucial, but little noted, position in the battles over Hollywood representations of African American men.1 The soldier’s role is conspicuous in the way it places African American men explicitly within a nationalist and a nationaliz- ing context: U.S. history and Hollywood’s narrative of assimilation, the combat film.
    [Show full text]
  • Great Barrier Reef
    Teacher’s Guide for APPLESEEDS July/August 2013: The Great Barrier Reef Teacher’s Guide prepared by: Sandra K. Athans, National Board Certified Teacher, literacy author & consultant, and freelance children’s writer living in upstate New York. This guide provides practical classroom activities teachers may wish to use to supplement the reading passages appearing in this issue. Vocabulary words are highlighted (italicized words are defined in the article) and small group and independent activities/projects that address a range of learning styles are suggested. Many of these are suitable for group work or homework. Discussion questions and activities align with the Common Core National Standards (Reading for Literature and Informational Text; Writing Standards for Text Types and Purposes, Research to Build Knowledge, Presentation of Knowledge and Ideas; Vocabulary Acquisition and Use; Speaking and Listening, Comprehension and Collaboration, and Presentation of Knowledge and Ideas). Objectives: To supplement the reading and discussion of this magazine, students will: 1. Explore the Great Barrier Reef and learn important features of this environment. 2. Gain an appreciation of the Great Barrier Reef by identifying its value as a natural resource. 3. Synthesize new information on their understanding of the Great Barrier Reef. Pre-reading Activity: Introduce an essential question: (1) What distinguishing features make up the Great Barrier Reef and (2) what important function does the Great Barrier Reef serve as a natural resource? While introducing these guiding questions, you might also wish to create a KWL Chart (with headings “What I Know, What I Want to Learn, and What I Learned) about the Great Barrier Reef.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Diver Noise Exposure
    doi:10.3723/ut.29.021 International Journal of the Society for Underwater Technology, Vol 29, No 1, pp 21–39, 2010 Review of diver noise exposure TG Anthony, NA Wright and MA Evans QinetiQ Ltd, Hampshire, UK Technical Paper Abstract • Assess the risk to all employees, including divers, Divers are exposed to high noise levels from a variety from noise at work of sources both above and below water. The noise • Take action to reduce the noise exposure that exposure should comply with `The Control of Noise produces these risks at Work Regulations 2005' (CoNaWR05, 2005). A • Provide hearing protection if the noise risk detailed review of diver noise exposure is presented, cannot be reduced sufficiently by other methods encompassing diver hearing, noise sources, exposure • Ensure legal limits on noise exposure are not levels and control measures. Divers are routinely exceeded exposed to a range of noise sources of sufficiently high • Provide employees with information, instruction intensity to cause auditory damage, and audiometric and training studies indicate that diver hearing is impaired by • Conduct health surveillance where there is a risk exposure to factors associated with diving. Human to health. hearing under water, in cases where the diver's ear is The CoNaWR05 requires employers to take wet, is less sensitive than in air and should be assessed specific action at certain noise action values. These using an underwater weighting scale. Manufacturers of relate to the levels of exposure to noise of divers diving equipment and employers of divers have a joint averaged over a working day or week and the responsibility to ensure compliance with the exposure maximum noise (peak sound pressure) to which values in the CoNaWR05, although noise is only one they may be exposed.
    [Show full text]
  • Scuba Diving History
    Scuba diving history Scuba history from a diving bell developed by Guglielmo de Loreno in 1535 up to John Bennett’s dive in the Philippines to amazing 308 meter in 2001 and much more… Humans have been diving since man was required to collect food from the sea. The need for air and protection under water was obvious. Let us find out how mankind conquered the sea in the quest to discover the beauty of the under water world. 1535 – A diving bell was developed by Guglielmo de Loreno. 1650 – Guericke developed the first air pump. 1667 – Robert Boyle observes the decompression sickness or “the bends”. After decompression of a snake he noticed gas bubbles in the eyes of a snake. 1691 – Another diving bell a weighted barrels, connected with an air pipe to the surface, was patented by Edmund Halley. 1715 – John Lethbridge built an underwater cylinder that was supplied via an air pipe from the surface with compressed air. To prevent the water from entering the cylinder, greased leather connections were integrated at the cylinder for the operators arms. 1776 – The first submarine was used for a military attack. 1826 – Charles Anthony and John Deane patented a helmet for fire fighters. This helmet was used for diving too. This first version was not fitted to the diving suit. The helmet was attached to the body of the diver with straps and air was supplied from the surfa 1837 – Augustus Siebe sealed the diving helmet of the Deane brothers’ to a watertight diving suit and became the standard for many dive expeditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Siebe Gorman
    dr" www.mcdoa.org.uk The design is simple and strong, clamping mechanism has been ini proved, and the valve is made ( Imo corrosive chrome-Bladed brass. Safety AIR RESERVE VALVE The wets are fitted with 11,7401'N'I` Valve. in It cannot be left 11,14.1111,111111ty on `Reserve' when Lhe cylinder r, Comfort empty. '1'he valve has no cam no iou which can wear or jaw. HARNESS The new nylee welihnil harness is designed wilhotil, n i1iii.,1 strap, to make a wcir ld i„,i ) „„„.,, The Essgee 'Mistral' Aqualung by comfortable to weir. ' I' I rrin on Siebe, Gorman based on the famous quick-requick-release iiicl 1 1114 '11. Cousteau-Cagnan design has all the take off the set below Icny ) I li.. latest refinements that research has water, or jettison it i suggested and experiment realised. TWIN CYLINDER CONVERSION `§te DEMAND VALVE The double-lever You can convert, ,„101 ----4040aP action reduces opening resistance Aqualung into 41, twin sot, didolummolimosiiiiiiiiiill111111111111111111111111113mmi to a minimum, and the single stage * Write £0 Its fol. fall defisiln fif thy reduction gives maximum air-flow. Essgee 'Mistral'. N-7 The 5tebe, Gorman 'Mistral' - The World's most reliable Aqualung SIEBE, GORMAN & CO. LTD. E. Ng Neptune Works, Davis Road, `FILM MAKING'—see page 54 hit,8 Chessington, Surrey. SIEBE Telephone: Elmbridge 500() Iluommlimiliiiil 'ill? Manchester Office: 274, Deansgate. 1111111111!!!4""m41111111111111111111111111111111111111111IIIIIIIIIiiii mil IIII Telephone: Deanegate 6000 GORMAN • -^°1,0" oh, COA9D1 & CO I TD. PDD ID. www.mcdoa.org.uk Vol. 8 No. 2 H.M.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Safety Scuba Diving
    Industry Guide 47 A Guide to Public Safety Diving N.C. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Division N.C. Department of Labor 1101 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1101 Cherie Berry Commissioner of Labor N.C. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Program Cherie Berry Commissioner of Labor OSHA State Plan Designee Kevin Beauregard Deputy Commissioner for Safety and Health Scott Mabry Assistant Deputy Commissioner for Safety and Health Tom Savage Standards Officer Author Acknowledgments A Guide to Public Safety Diving has been prepared with materials and information from the General Industry Standards, 29 CFR 1910, Subpart T—Commercial Diving Operations, and OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-151 (U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration). This guide also contains information from sources such as U.S. Navy Diving Manual, National Association of Search and Rescue, California Department Fish and Game Diving Safety Manual, and the National Fire Protection Association, NFPA 1670—Standard on Operations and Technical Search and Rescue. Through an existing alliance established between the N.C. Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Divi- sion and the North Carolina Public Safety Divers’ Association (PSDA), a collaborative effort was established to make this guide possible. The PSDA board of directors provided expertise involving public safety diving in sharing best practices and technical knowledge. A special thanks to Chuck Elgin, North Carolina Underwater Response Team, for his dedication and hard work assisting in the development of this publication. This guide is intended to be consistent with all existing OSHA standards; therefore, if an area is considered by the reader to be inconsistent with a standard, then the OSHA standard should be followed.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on Diving in Ancient Egypt
    A Brief History of Underwater Enterprise and Exploration The incentives to risk one’s life underwater from the earliest records of diving: 1) Subsistence and general aquatic harvest 2) Commerce/salvage 3) Warfare A sponge diver about to take the plunge, Classical Greece ca. 500 BCE The beginnings: subsistence in Ancient Egypt: skin divers netting fish in the Nile th Tomb of Djar, 11 Dynasty (ca. 2000 BCE) ‘Pull out well! (It is) a Happy day! Measure you, measure you, for you, good great fishes’ Text and image from the tomb of Ankhtifi (ca. 2100 BCE) The beginnings: other kinds of aquatic/underwater harvest: mother of pearl (left) and sponge diving (right) Mesopotamia (southern Iraq, ca. 2500 BCE) Classical Greece (ca. 500 BCE) The so-called ‘Standard of Ur’: a mosaic of lapis lazuli A sponge diver about to take the (from the exotic region of Afghanistan) and mother of plunge with a knife and a sack, the pearl (from the exotic source of a seabed), deposited in jar was also deposited in an elite tomb an elite tomb in Mesopotamia The beginnings: in search of exotic and high value things (things difficult to access/procure) Epic of Gilgamesh (composed in Mesopotamia no later than ca. 2100 BCE) records a heroic dive after a ‘plant of immortality’ on the seabed ‘He tied heavy stones *to his feet+ They pulled him down into the deep [and he saw the plant] He took the plant though it pricked his hands He cut the heavy stones from his feet The sea cast him up upon the shore’ The value of mother of pearl and sea sponge resides, in part, in the process of procuring them The beginnings: salvaging lost cargoes (lost valuable things) Scyllias and his daughter Hydna: the first professional divers known by name, famed for salvaging huge volumes of gold and silver (tribute and booty) from a Persian fleet in the Aegean that lost many ships in a storm (ca.
    [Show full text]
  • History of Scuba Diving About 500 BC: (Informa on Originally From
    History of Scuba Diving nature", that would have taken advantage of this technique to sink ships and even commit murders. Some drawings, however, showed different kinds of snorkels and an air tank (to be carried on the breast) that presumably should have no external connecons. Other drawings showed a complete immersion kit, with a plunger suit which included a sort of About 500 BC: (Informaon originally from mask with a box for air. The project was so Herodotus): During a naval campaign the detailed that it included a urine collector, too. Greek Scyllis was taken aboard ship as prisoner by the Persian King Xerxes I. When Scyllis learned that Xerxes was to aack a Greek flolla, he seized a knife and jumped overboard. The Persians could not find him in the water and presumed he had drowned. Scyllis surfaced at night and made his way among all the ships in Xerxes's fleet, cung each ship loose from its moorings; he used a hollow reed as snorkel to remain unobserved. Then he swam nine miles (15 kilometers) to rejoin the Greeks off Cape Artemisium. 15th century: Leonardo da Vinci made the first known menon of air tanks in Italy: he 1772: Sieur Freminet tried to build a scuba wrote in his Atlanc Codex (Biblioteca device out of a barrel, but died from lack of Ambrosiana, Milan) that systems were used oxygen aer 20 minutes, as he merely at that me to arficially breathe under recycled the exhaled air untreated. water, but he did not explain them in detail due to what he described as "bad human 1776: David Brushnell invented the Turtle, first submarine to aack another ship.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Closed Circuit O2 Underwater Breathing Apparatus
    Rubicon Research Repository (http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org) A HISTORY OF CLOSED CIRCUIT OXYGEN UNDEnWATER BRDA'1'HIllG AJ'PARATU'S, by , Dan Quiok Project 1/70 School of Underwater Medicine, H MAS PENGUIN, Naval P.O. Balmoral, IT S W .... 2091. May, 1970 Rubicon Research Repository (http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org) TABLE OF CONTENTS. Foreword. Page No. 1 Introduction. " 2 General History. " 3 History Il: Types of CCOUBA Used In 11 United Kingdom. " History & Types of CCOUBA Used In 46 Italy. " History & Types o:f CCOUBJl. Used In 54 Germany. " History & Types of CCOUEA Used In 67 Frr>.!1ce. " History·& Types of CeOUM Used In 76 United States of America. " Summary. " 83 References. " 89 Acknowledgements. " 91 Contributor. " 91 Alphabetical Index. " 92 Rubicon Research Repository (http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org) - 1 - FOREWORD I am very pleased to have the opportunity of introducing this history, having been responsible for the British development of the CCOt~ for special operations during World War II and afterwards. This is a unique and comprehensive summary of world wide development in this field. It is probably not realised what a vital part closed circuit breathing apparatus played in World War II. Apart from escapes from damaged and sunken submarines by means of the DSEA, and the special attacks on ships by human torpedoes and X-craft, including the mortal damage to the "Tirpitz", an important part of the invasion forces were the landing craft obstruction clearance units. These were special teams of frogmen in oxygen breathing sets who placed demolition charges on the formidable underwater obstructions along the north coast of France.
    [Show full text]
  • Sponge Fishing in Tarpon Springs, Florida Michael Suver University of South Florida, [email protected]
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School January 2012 Environmental Change and Place-Based Identities: Sponge Fishing in Tarpon Springs, Florida Michael Suver University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Geography Commons Scholar Commons Citation Suver, Michael, "Environmental Change and Place-Based Identities: Sponge Fishing in Tarpon Springs, Florida" (2012). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4410 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Environmental Change and Place-Based Identities: Sponge Fishing in Tarpon Springs, Florida by Michael Suver A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Geography, Environment, and Planning College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Pratyusha Basu, Ph.D. M. Martin Bosman, Ph.D. Jayajit Chakraborty, Ph.D. Date of Approval: November 8, 2012 Keywords: climate change, Greek ethnicity, environmental geography, Gulf of Mexico Copyright © 2012, Michael Suver Acknowledgments I could not have completed this thesis without the strength of the Lord which has enabled me to lay aside all of my weight and finish the race set before me. I am also very thankful to Gabrielle, my fiancé who has been an encouragement and a comfort to get me through the writing process.
    [Show full text]