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INSIDE: • Ukraine’s security, political and economic prospects — page 2. • Ukrainian National Foundation begins its work — page 5. • Dateline New York: Ukrainian Christmas in the city — page 8. HE KRAINI A N EEKLY T PublishedU by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profitW association Vol. LXV No. 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 $1.25/$2 in Ukraine

Ukraine’s TV Ukraine’s vice-consul ejected from Canada by Andrij Kudla Wynnyckyj October 29, and to surrender his pass- the arrest and search of his car, therefore, restructured; Toronto Press Bureau port. However, the vice consul did nei- were illegal because they were not per- ther. In fact, he failed to appear at seven formed under a specially issued warrant TORONTO — Declared persona non subsequent hearings prior to the expul- as demanded by the Vienna Convention. critics cry foul grata together with his wife by Canada’s sion order of December 23. Their petitions and diplomatic pressure Ministry of Foreign Affairs and In the meantime, conflicting pressure from the Ukrainian Embassy in Ottawa by Roman Woronowycz International Trade, Ukraine’s vice-consul on the Canadian Ministry of Foreign resulted in a November 8 letter to Ms. Kyiv Press Bureau in Toronto, Oleksander Yushko, boarded A f f a i r s from Prosecutor Welch seeking to Welch, in which R.J. Rochon, director an afternoon KLM flight to Kyiv on KYIV — In a restructuring of its try Mr. Yushko on the one hand, and general of the Canadian Foreign Affairs December 24, 1996. broadcasting, Ukraine’s two govern- from Ukraine’s diplomatic missions and M i n i s t r y ’s Bureau of Legal Affairs, The Canadian Foreign Affairs Ministry ment-run television channels have opted its lawyers on the other, produced contra- agreed with their position and indicated issued the declaration on December 23, to no longer carry private broadcasting dictory positions on whether Mr. Yushko that his ministry “wishes to withdraw” the stipulating that the pair was to leave except for the German-based “Studio actually had diplomatic immunity at the previous two items of correspondence in Canada by midnight of Christmas Day. 1+1.” The move sounds the death knell time of his arrest. the matter. Mr. Rochon went on to certify This marked the climax of a bizarre two- for one of Ukraine’s more popular news In letters to Ms. Welch of October 29 Mr. Yushko as a consular officer was month series of events during which the programs, “Vikna.” and November 1, the Ministry of Foreign “entitled to the privileges and immunities On December 31, 1996, the National Canadian government and various agencies Affairs and International Trade’s Deputy alternately did, and did not, recognize the afforded” to such officials. Television and Radio Broadcasting Chief of Protocol W.R. Bowden stated that Ms. Welch pressed on, however, Commission announced that because of Ukrainian official’s claim of diplomatic Mr. Yushko “does not have immunity from immunity. Ukraine’s diplomatic corps attracting media attention to the case. On its heavy broadcasting schedule, it will criminal jurisdiction” because he was not a December 5, the Toronto Sun daily ran no longer carry independent news pro- steadfastly insisted that no matter how full-fledged diplomat. damning the circumstances, any arrest of an Christie Blatchford’s column titled “Feds g r a m s . After the vice-consul missed another change tune on envoy immunity,” fol- The two stations, UT-1 and UT-2, official of theirs was illegal. hearing on October 31, Ms. Welch began Immediately prior to the December 19 lowed by another on December 13, titled have long been accused of simply being pressing for the execution of a discre- “Ukrainian thumbs nose at our laws.” propaganda arms of the government. Ontario Provincial Court hearing into the tionary bench warrant for his arrest, con- matter, the Ukrainian Consulate General’s In the latter piece, Ms. Blatchford According to the Kiev Post, even produc- tending that the matter of his immunity revealed that Mr. Yushko is the son of a ers and reporters at the networks admit legal affairs officer, Anatoliy Alekseyenko, from prosecution was for the courts, and told The Weekly that the 32-year-old Mr. former KGB colonel who was stationed that their reports are regularly censored not for Mr. Yushko, to decide. at Soviet Consulates in Toronto and and that most news reflects the official Yushko arrived in Toronto on October 17, The Ukrainian Consulate G e n e r a l 1996, carrying a Ukrainian diplomatic pass- Montreal in the 1950s and 1960s before position of the government. retained Greg Hood, Todd Archibald and returning to Kyiv to serve in a “senior Viktor Petrenko, chairman of the port stamped with a Canadian diplomatic Lubomir Kozak of the Toronto law firm visa. Mr. Alekseyenko said Mr. Yushko operations position.” National TV and Radio Broadcasting Borden & Elliott to press their case that These press reports irked Ukrainian Commission, had said on December 17, sent his documents to Ottawa to further for- Mr. Yushko was performing consular that many private companies would be malize his registration as a representative of duties at the time of his arrest, and that (Continued on page 3) cut out in the restructuring of national the Ukrainian government, because he TV. He said companies propogating hadn’t passed through the Canadian capital pornography and violence “would be upon arriving in the country. punished.” He also said the commission Nine days later, with the paperwork still New documentary to focus “would insist on broader introduction of not complete, Mr. Yushko was in hot the Ukrainian language in broadcasting.” water. On a Saturday night, he was on Ukraine in World War II “Vikna,” a news program that broad- charged with drunk driving, possession of stolen property, bribing a police officer, casts in Ukrainian, did not seem like a TORONTO – Prof. Norman Davies, 2.3 million Ukrainians were taken as and accused of trying to lure two teenage show that was ready for the chopping a noted historian at the University of Ostarbeiter slave laborers to Germany in girls into his car and of intending to block. However, it may be a matter of London and author of the new publica- 1 9 4 2 - 1 9 4 4 . administer a noxious substance, since he censorship due to content. Yurii tion “Europe: A History” (Oxford The Ukrainian Canadian Research and had a handkerchief soaked with xylene (an Aivazian, a director of the International University Press), in a recent interview Documentation Center (UCRDC) is con- anesthetic solvent) in his possession. Media Center (IMC), which finances analyzed World War II, stating that tinuing its search for materials that will According to depositions made by the “Vikna,” said the networks had censored Germany and the Soviet Union were best portray the fate of Ukraine during the prosecutor in the case, Crown Attorney the news program in the past. “The day equally responsible for starting the war war. The film will cover the struggle of Sarah Welch, Mr. Yushko lacked any iden- Parliament Chairman Oleksander Moroz in 1939. Ukrainians to survive between the tification attesting to his status at the time of condemned the beginning of the re-elec- Prof. Davies noted in his interview: scorched earth policies of Stalin’s Red his arrest, and did not identify himself as a tion campaign, we put his quote in the “from September 1939 to 1941 Nazi Army on one side and Hitler’s brown consular official until after offering a bribe news, and the National Commission Germany and the Soviet Union weren’t German Army on the other. Among the removed the program from the evening to the arresting officer, Const. Charlie formal allies but they were clearly part- 10 million Ukrainians that Ukraine lost in line-up and broadcast Strauss music Kozdas of the Metropolitan Toronto Police. ners ... Germany, I think in those two the war were 600,000 Ukrainian Jews instead,” he said. Mr. Alekseyenko told The Weekly years attacked eight European countries, executed by the German Einsatzgruppen. IMC President Mykola Kniazhytskyi that Mr. Yushko did not have his docu- the Soviet Union attacked and invaded According to Andrew Gregorovich, said this was not the first instance of ments because they were still in Ottawa five European countries.” executive director of the UCRDC, the government disapproval of a piece that being processed. The interview with Prof. Davies was film will include interviews with “Vikna” had run, according to Agence According to court transcripts, Ms. conducted at Oxford University by Ukrainian Ostarbeiter survivors and France Press. He recalled that in July the Welch alleged that Mr. Yushko had Slavko Nowytski, the director of a film some of the Jews saved by Ukrainians in government had expressed its irritation failed a roadside alcohol blood-level test on Ukraine in World War II. This doc- with a story on the strike by the indepen- and then attempted to bribe the officer the war. umentary film has been commissioned Prof. Davies said: “The post-war histo- dent miners’ union and its leader who who administered it to him. Mr. Yushko by the Ukrainian Canadian Research was in prison awaiting trial. was then handcuffed, the car he was dri- ry of Ukraine starts with the phase of con- and Documentation Center and is tinuing resistance. Many people in the He called the government’s latest ving was searched, and he was taken to scheduled for completion in late 1997. move “indirect censorship.” Toronto’s 14th Division Metro Police West don’t realize that Ukrainians ... were The film will provide the first com- fighting against both Hitler and Stalin and Meanwhile “Studio 1+1,” which will station house and detained overnight. prehensive, but concise, introduction to be granted nine hours of broadcast time Released on October 27 when Mr. after ... 1945 there was a remnant of the the Ukrainian experience in the second wartime resistance continuing.” daily, said it was awarded the contract Alekseyenko posted a $10,000 surety world war – in which an estimated 10 because it is the only broadcasting firm (accepted in lieu of cash), Mr. Yushko million Ukrainians perished and over (Continued on page 10) able to afford the licensing fee. was instructed to appear in court on 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 No. 2 A N A LYSIS: Ukraine’s security, political and economic prospects for the new year Kuchma increases arms exports controls according to the most optimistic forecasts, by Taras Kuzio agree. Ukraine will also remain an asso- it is not expected to reach the 1990 level for ciate member of the CIS Economic KYIV — President Leonid Kuchma has another 11 years. Mr. Lazarenko said wage In 1996 Ukraine continued its “two- Union (just as it is likely to remain only issued a decree aimed at increasing control vector” security policy vis-à-vis the CIS arrears have not been paid because of an associate member of the CIS). over defense-related exports, Ukrainian “other commitments.” On a more positive and the West. This is likely to continue Radio reported on December 28, 1996. Second, although Ukraine and Russia note, he added that Ukraine has paid off all into 1997 due to domestic factors that, at The decree transforms the State Export have normalized their energy relations, its accumulated gas debts to Russia and this stage, prevent Ukraine’s full-scale Commission into the State Commission problems will remain. Ukraine and Turkmenistan. (OMRI Daily Digest) integration into the West. At the same Russia will continue to search for alter- for Export Control Policy. The Export time, Ukraine will continue its drift west- native suppliers and alternative supply Technical Committee will be renamed the Security Council approves military plan wards because of Russian policies that routes. In the case of Ukraine, this means State Export Control Service under the preclude Eurasian integration on terms developing Ukraine’s strategic alliance Cabinet of Ministers. The reorganization is KYIV — Quoting the secretary of the that would not harm Ukraine’s sover- with Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan (both meant to establish strict control over inter- National Security and Defense Council, eignty. Belarus and Ukraine, therefore, oil and gas producers) and Georgia (as an national transfers of arms and military Volodymyr Horbulin, UNIAN reported will continue to drift in opposite direc- energy route to the Black Sea and the technology, as well as raw materials and on December 28, 1996, that the council tions, the former towards Eurasia and the Odesa oil terminal). In the Russian case, skills that may be used for the production has approved a program for the develop- latter towards Europe. this means strengthening relations with of weapons and other military technology. ment of Ukraine’s armed forces through Throughout 1996 Ukraine’s leadership Belarus (whose energy sector is already (OMRI Daily Digest) the year 2005. Mr. Horbulin said the pro- and the Ukrainian media continually de facto under Russian control). Third, gram took all foreign policy factors into raised the question of Ukraine’s integra- Ukrainians cite decline in living standards Russia will continue to utilize economic account and was based on the state’s tion with the West in terms of “Ukraine’s pressure in pursuit of its strategic agenda KYIV — An opinion poll asking 1,200 financial resources. Defense Minister return to Europe.” There seems no ques- in Crimea (pressure such as the unilateral Ukrainians about their living standards in Oleksander Kuzmuk noted that three tion that Ukraine’s strategic orientation is September 1996 imposition of import 1996 showed the majority still feel their operational and command directorates now firmly set on with the West. taxes solely on Ukrainian goods, and standards are declining, the newspaper Den would be established on the model of the Ukraine’s openly proclaimed strategic refusal to provide components for reported on December 31, 1996. Of the Carpathian and Odesa military districts goals are membership in the European Ukrainian military exports that would respondents, 37 percent said their living and the Northern Command. The pro- Union, the West European Union, the allow Kyiv to become a major arms standards declined significantly in 1996; 33 gram envisages a new structure made up Central European Free Trade Area and exporter and serious competitor to percent said they declined somewhat; and of mobile rapid-reaction units. The GATT. Russia). 23 percent said their standards did not ground forces, air force, air-defense force In 1997 NATO will announce candi- Russian-Ukrainian relations actually change. Only 6 percent said their standards and navy will all remain part of the dates for the first echelon of its member- worsened in many respects during 1996. improved somewhat; and 1 percent said Ukrainian army. Minister Kuzmuk also ship expansion that will take place by the It is unlikely that there will be a break- they improved significantly. The average said this was the first time that the state end of the decade. At least two of these through during 1997 in Ukrainian- wage in the first 11 months of 1996 was has specified that the task of the armed countries – Poland and Hungary – border Russian relations over an inter-state 144.76 hryvni ($77), but real wages fell by forces is to ensure the country’s national Ukraine. Ukraine, unlike Russia and treaty or the Black Sea Fleet. 1996 wit- 23 percent over the same period due to security. (OMRI Daily Digest) Belarus, will continue to support NATO’s nessed a convergence of policies in inflation. Official unemployment levels evolutionary enlargement, provided two NBU reduces refinancing rate Russia between the executive and the remained at a low 1.1 percent, but real factors are taken into account (both are legislature vis-à-vis Ukraine. This will unemployment is believed to be at least KYIV — The National Bank of Ukraine likely to be implemented in 1997): first, continue in 1997, and Russian policy will nine times higher. Prices rose by 38.5 per- reduced its key refinancing rate to 35 per- the agreement to not deploy nuclear harden over its attempts to assert sover- cent over the first 11 months of the year. cent from 40 percent, effective January 10, weapons on the territory of new member- eignty over Crimea and Sevastopol. (OMRI Daily Digest) a bank official said. NBU spokesman states; second, the signing of a treaty (or During 1996 Ukraine began a concerted Dmytro Rikberg on January 4 told Reuters charter) between Ukraine and NATO to Constitutional Court comes into being effort to broaden its export markets with a the new rate took into account the fall in deal with Ukraine’s security fears. view toward lessening its dependence KYIV —Ukraine’s new Constitutional inflation. Ukraine’s Statistics Ministry Although Ukraine has ruled out apply- upon Russia and the CIS. This policy will Court formally came into being on January reported that same day that monthly infla- ing for NATO membership at this stage, 3, Ukrainian Radio reported. The head of tion fell in December 1996 to 0.9 percent the policy of neutrality and non-bloc sta- be speeded up and broadened. New target the court, Vitalii Boiko, met with President from 1.2 percent in November. Annual tus cannot be assumed to be fixed. Kyiv areas for Ukrainian exports will include Leonid Kuchma to mark the occasion. So inflation fell to 39.7 percent against 181.7 will apply for NATO membership if the Latin America, the Middle East (particu- far, 16 out of the court’s 18 judges have percent in 1995. The government said Yeltsin leadership supports the territorial larly arms exports) and Asia (arms exports, been appointed. The remaining two are to inflation for the coming year is expected to claims advanced by its legislature, or if space technology and investment in Ukrainian high-tech industries). be appointed by the Verkhovna Rada, be 25 percent. (Reuters) President Boris Yeltsin is replaced by which has the right to appoint one-third of someone of the Aleksandr Lebed or Political and economic issues the court’s justices. The same day, Russian is equal in Kharkiv region Gennadii Zyuganov mould. President Kuchma submitted his first case 1996 saw a breakthrough in unresolved KHARKIV — The eastern region of Relations with Romania are likely to to be examined by the court; the case domestic issues in Ukraine: the adoption Kharkiv voted to give the Russian language improve after the election victory of Emil involves the Parliament’s accounting of the country’s first post-Soviet constitu- Konstantinescu in November 1996. Both department. (OMRI Daily Digest) equal status with Ukrainian as of the begin- Romania and Ukraine have vital interests tion (June), and introduction of the long- ning of the year, ITAR-TASS reported on in removing any territorial problem awaited new currency, the hryvnia Budget deficit twice as large as forecast January 7. At the same time, the administra- (September). In addition, Ukraine finally tion in the predominantly Russian-speaking between themselves in order to be eligi- KYIV — Ukraine’s budget deficit in ble for integration into Western struc- decided to close the Chornobyl nuclear eastern region of Donetsk took the opposite plant. Ukraine completed small-scale pri- 1996 totaled 8.6 billion hryvni ($4.57 bil- position, deciding that the sole official lan- tures, especially NATO. Relations with lion), Reuters reported on December 31, Ukraine’s four key Western backers (the vatization in 1996. However, medium-and guage in the region’s administration and large-scale privatization will continue to 1996. That is double the figure forecast business would be Ukrainian. Under the U.S., U.K., Germany and Canada) will when the budget was drawn up. Prime continue to evolve into strategic partner- be haphazard and slower, in view of the Ukrainian Constitution, only Ukrainian has strategic enterprises removed from the list Minister Pavlo Lazarenko said that GDP ships – particularly with the U.S. fell for the fifth consecutive year and that, (Continued on page 3) Ukraine’s strategic importance to of those eligible for privatization. European security is no longer in doubt. A key priority for the Ukrainian gov- For the second year running, Ukraine ernment in 1997 will be to reduce the size of the shadow economy by lowering receives a larger amount of U.S. assis- FOUNDED 1933 tance than Russia. If Russia’s relations taxes and providing inducements for TH E UK R A I N I A N WE E K LY legalizing shadow businesses. The shad- with the U.S. continue to deteriorate, one An English-language newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., can expect that Ukraine’s strategic signif- ow economy in Ukraine accounts for up to 50 percent of its GDP. By December a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ 07302. icance will grow even more. Yearly subscription rate: $60; for UNA members — $40. Within the Commonwealth of 1996 Ukraine had completed the process of transferring land from state ownership Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, NJ 07302. Independent States, Ukraine will contin- (ISSN — 0273-9348) ue to limit integration to economic to collective forms of ownership. This is an important first stage on the road to issues, although even here Kyiv will con- Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper tinue to run into three problems with land privatization, which the parliamen- (annual subscription fee: $100; $75 for UNA members). Russia. First, Russia will continue to tary left will attempt to block In October 1996 the Verkhovna Rada The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: apply pressure upon Ukraine to join the (201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036 (201) 451-2200 CIS Customs and CIS Payments Unions, adopted a subsidy-heavy economic pro- gram for the period 1997-2000. It out- to both of which Kyiv is unlikely to Postmaster, send address Editor-in-chief: Roma Hadzewycz lines plans to aid large producers in areas changes to: Assistant editor: Khristina Lew of Ukrainian industry that are considered The Ukrainian Weekly Staff editors: Roman Woronowycz (Kyiv) Taras Kuzio is research fellow, Center important for reinvigorating its exports for Russian and East European Studies, the P.O. Box 346 and Andrij Kudla Wynnyckyj (To r o n t o ) (aviation, automotive, telecommunica- Jersey City, NJ 07303 University of Birmingham, England, and tions and agriculture). In addition, the senior research fellow, Council of Advisers goal of the program is to boost industrial The Ukrainian Weekly, January 12, 1997, No. 2, Vol. LXV to the Ukrainian Parliament. The article Copyright © 1997 The Ukrainian Weekly above was written for Oxford Analytica. (Continued on page 14) No. 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 3

gratae” and stipulated they had to leave by Ukraine’s vice-consul... midnight, December 25. N E W S A N D VIEWS: U.S. steel mills (Continued from page 1) In a statement carried by the Canadian officialdom, and echoes were heard in Press (CP) on December 24, Ministry of try to stymie Ukrainian steel imports Kyiv, where the Russian-language Foreign Affairs spokesman Sanjeev Vseukrainskie Vedomosti carried a Chowdhury said this decision was made by Alex Anderson amazing that a Commerce official would report in mid-December by Elena after “it became clear the Ukrainian gov- allow a highly profitable U.S. industry to Nesterenko, which accused the Canadian ernment would not consider waiving Mr. WASHINGTON – On November 5, undermine years of work by the adminis- media of covering up police misdeeds Yushko’s diplomatic immunity.’’ 1996, United States steel producers filed tration and destablize the economy of a a petition with the Department of and violations of international law. Mr. Chowdhury said that “charges strategic partner. The Ukrainians must Commerce and International Trade Ms. Welch’s tenacity in pursuing Mr. against Mr. Yushko have been held in think we’re as bad as the Communists in Commission alleging that Ukrainian steel Yushko produced a surprising result. At abeyance. Should he ever return to the Russian Duma who recently imposed producers were “dumping” steel plate on the December 19 hearing, the prosecutor Canada, he will be subject to prosecution draconian duties on Ukrainian imports.” the U.S. market by selling large quanti- announced that Canada’s Ministry o f on those charges.’’ In an apparent return Jack Segal, director for Ukraine, ties at low prices. They asked for the Foreign Affairs in Ottawa and its Embassy to a position held earlier, Canadian offi- Belarus and Moldova at the State imposition of crippling duties in order to in Kyiv had just been informed that cials were quoted by CP to the effect that Department, put it more diplomatically but close off the U.S. steel-plate market. Ukraine was appointing Mr. Yushko’s Mr. Yushko “did not have absolute no less forcefully: “The administration is According to a well-placed source at wife, Maria, as a diplomatic attaché in immunity’’ because he was employed at 100 percent in support of Ukraine’s eco- a Consulate, not an Embassy, at the time the Commerce Department, the U.S. pro- Canada. As part of her household, the nomic restructuring efforts, and we fully the crimes were allegedly committed. ducers are using this petition as a test vice-consul was thus afforded full diplo- understand the importance of this export to The announcement prompted a case in the hope of closing off all steel matic immunity, which included immunity Ukraine’s well-being. But this allegation “Christmas Heave-Ho for Ukrainian imports from Ukraine. from arrest on the warrant that Ms. Welch of dumping is in a legal process that is Envoy” banner headline on the front page Ironically, the first meeting of the new was seeking to have executed. clearly delineated by law. Obviously, it is of the Toronto Sun tabloid on December Kuchma-Gore Commission was held in Ms. Welch expressed concern that “the in everyone’s interest to move this forward 24. Sun reporter Scott Magnish elicited a Washington on November 5-6, 1996, to dis- appointment of Mrs. Yushko on the very as rapidly as the law permits.” riposte from Ukrainian Embassy Press cuss political, trade and investment, security morning that the [prosecution] was to pur- U.S. steel producers, according to their Secretary Yevhen Polishchuk, who said and global issues. In a joint statement, the sue [Mr. Yushko’s] appearance [before the own petition, have at least a 79 percent the Toronto Consulate General would Committee on Foreign Policy noted that court] has been done to circumvent the share of the U.S. steel-plate market and are continue to pursue the quashing of “the U.S. and Ukraine strategic partnership criminal charges before the court.” bringing on 10 percent additional produc- charges against Mr. Yushko in the new is based on common values and goals.” In The prosecutor told the presiding tion in the next six months. The U.S. y e a r . an earlier joint statement, the full commis- judge, Justice Bruce Young, that she demand for steel is high because of the Mr. Polishchuk conceded that the for- sion noted that Ukraine’s “market reforms would formally request that the growing economy, and the domestic mills mer vice-consul “won’t be coming back have gone far toward stabilizing the econo- Ukrainian government waive Mr. cannot fill that demand because of produc- to Canada to work” but he that would be my and creating a foundation for growth. Yushko’s immunity in this matter, and tion and weather-related problems. The eligible for another foreign posting if the These steps have advanced Ukraine’s inte- asked for a continuance of the warrant marketing manager for the largest producer charges in Canada are dismissed. gration with Europe and the West, and have until another hearing, set for January 8. of U.S. steel plate, Bethlehem, recently tes- In Kyiv, according to a Reuters report, positioned Ukraine to be a pivotal and stabi- The December 19 hearing was also fol- tified that the company made “significant” Yurii Serheyev, a Ukrainian Ministry of lizing force in an evolving Europe.” lowed by a lively press scrum in the hall- profits from plate sales and that the prob- Foreign Affairs spokesman, held a press Clearly, the issue of whether U.S. steel ways of the Old City Hall courthouse lem “is not with demand, but with supply.” conference on December 26 at which he producers can monopolize the U.S. steel involving Mr. Kozak, one of Mr. Yushko’s Despite the fact that U.S. producers confirmed Mr. Yushko’s return. Mr. market while destabilizing Ukraine will be lawyers, who continued to insist that the cannot satisfy the demands of their own Serhieyev reiterated his government’s a major test of the commission because it hapless Ukrainian’s arrest, the search of his customers, they want to close off foreign contention that the vice-consul’s arrest had involves policy considerations at the very car, and his overnight detention were all competition in order to cause prices to been illegal and expressed the hope that heart of U.S.-Ukrainian bilateral relations. rise. This protectionism would, of course, i l l e g a l . the incident would not adversely affect Both the White House and Congress ultimately hurt the American manufac- “The law does not apply to diplomats relations between Ukraine and Canada. have made clear that the economic stability turing and consumer sectors, and cause a in the same fashion that it does to of Ukraine is a top U.S. priority. Without slowdown of economic growth. Canadians,” Mr. Kozak asserted. “The * * * such stability, there can be no political sta- The Ukrainian producers were obvious- officers in question were obliged to Endnote: The official World Wide Web bility. This is evident from the recent assas- ly shocked and surprised by the dumping obtain a special warrant before they site of the Embassy of Ukraine in Canada sination attempt on Prime Minister Pavlo charge because, for several years, they have could proceed in this instance,” he said. includes a rubric titled “Spirit use,” which Lazarenko. Officials in Kyiv are convinced acted responsibly by setting prices higher After shunning a number of opportu- targets potential visitors to Ukraine. that the attempt was a direct result of Mr. for the U.S. market than for all other mar- nities and requests for comment, the con- “Please note Ukraine is a Zero Tolerance Lazarenko’s investigation of the failure to kets. Moreover, they have been at near full country with regards to alcohol misuse,” it sul general in Toronto, Serhiy Borovyk, pay coal miners for several months. production capacity and are not interested reads, “fines are substantial and your dri- issued a defiant declaration that appeared The coal producers are largely depen- in expanding exports to the U.S. ver’s license may be removed. Do not on the front page of the December 18-24 dent on the steel mills for currency, and The current level of exports, however, drink and drive. Take a cab.” edition of the Toronto-based Ukrainian- much of that currency was not getting to is vital to the national interests of language weekly Ukraina i Svit. the miners in time to pay salaries. One of Ukraine and needs to continue unabated. In his statement, Mr. Borovyk claimed the changes that Prime Minister Lazarenko Without it, the important processes of that on the night in question, Mr. Yushko Newsbriefs instituted was to require the mills to pay the privatization and economic development had lost his way back to the hotel where (Continued from page 2) coal producers in advance rather than later in Ukraine will be interrupted and under- he was staying with his wife, and had through local officials. It follows that any mined. Clearly, the danger of the dump- the status of state language, but regions stopped to ask for directions. He further disruption in U.S. steel sales, presently ing petition is that steel exports to the with sizable minorities speaking other lan- noted that “the arrest, interrogation of O. comprising 55 percent of Ukraine’s exports U.S. will be wiped out and havoc will be guages may grant official status to other Yushko, the search of a diplomatic vehi- to the U.S. (worth $200 million per year), wreaked on the Ukrainian economy. languages. (OMRI Daily Digest) cle, the application of handcuffs and his will have a profound destabilizing effect on As Volodymyr Khrebet of the Ukrainian detention under guard are all serious vio- Daewoo promises $1B for car industry the Ukrainian economic and political situa- Embassy’s Trade Mission put it, “Our gov- lations of legal norms, which are particu- tion. Moreover, it will strain relations and ernment is not pleased with this develop- larly surprising and disturbing to me.” KYIV — Korean giant Daewoo plans to foment distrust of U.S. intentions. ment.” To be sure, it is contrary to the Mr. Borovyk asserted that neither the invest more than $1 billion (U.S.) in Ukraine is now the third largest recipient administration’s policy considerations Consulate General in Toronto nor the Ukrainian car production, reported UNIAN of U.S. aid – $330 million in grants and toward Ukraine and will have a negative Embassy in Ottawa were officially on December 26, 1996. According to the $675 million in bilateral credits for 1996 – effect on the good relations that have been informed of the incident for several days. presidential press secretary, Dmytro much of which is earmarked for assisting so carefully nurtured in recent years. While “not wishing to deal with the Markov, President Leonid Kuchma has Ukrainian industry in joining the world The five commissioners of the details of the accusations,” the consul approved most of the projects proposed by market economy. These, along with loans International Trade Commission voted at a general also expressed “shock” at the Daewoo Chairman Kim U Jung at a recent from the World Bank and International preliminary hearing on December 18, 1996, level of bias demonstrated in the media’s meeting and has ordered the Cabinet and Monetary Fund, have been predicated on to allow the U.S. steel producers’ petition coverage of the matter, decrying Ms. ministries to do their utmost to ensure their an economy growing as a result of exports against Ukraine to proceed. According to Blatchford’s comparison of Mr. Yushko successful realization. Mr. Markov insisted to countries with hard currency. Washington attorney Marty Lewin, who to convicted rapist and murderer Paul that Daewoo is entering the Ukrainian mar- Ukraine has been granted most-favored- represents the Ukrainian mills, “there is a Bernardo (in her December 5 article). In ket as a strategic investor and plans to rein- nation status and the U.S. government has strong case to be made that imports from turn, the diplomat compared such cover- vest its profits in the Ukrainian economy. set up working groups at the departments of Ukraine are not injuring the U.S. industry. age to the libels committed by the former During a meeting with Conversion Minister State, Commerce and Energy to provide Companies such as Bethlehem and U.S. Soviet Communist Party organ Pravda. Valerii Malev and representatives of assistance and expertise with economic Steel are doing very well. Unfortunately, at Mr. Borovyk concluded with the Zaporizhia car plant AvtoZaz, the Daewoo development. Why then, on November 25, a preliminary determination, it is very rare expectation that “in this matter, the gen- corporation agreed to participate in the 1996, did Robert LaRussa, acting assistant that the ITC will vote to stop the petition. erally accepted norms of international restructuring of AvtoZaz and to start mass- secretary of the Commerce Department, However, I believe that in the final analysis, law and domestic Canadian legislation production of cars solely from Ukrainian allow initiation of the anti-dumping petition the facts of this case should compel the ITC will prevail over the dubious search for components. Specialists report that more against Ukraine by finding that the petition to terminate it.” artificially created sensation based on than 160 Ukrainian enterprises will be alleged “material injury or threat of material The administration and those in unsubstantiated accusations.” involved in the manufacturing cycle. About injury to domestic producers”? Congress who are concerned about a con- However, on December 23, it appeared 30,000 cars are to be made annually, half of A senior administration official stated sistent approach toward Ukraine, the sur- that Ms. Welch had gained the upper which are to be exported. This is expected that Mr. LaRussa’s action was not well vival of its economy and stability in the hand. The Canadian government declared to yield annual profits of $1.5 billion (U.S.). received by the White House. Speaking on region should act immediately to stop this both Mr. and Mrs. Yushko “personae non- (Eastern Economist) the condition of anonymity, he said, “It is act of economic aggression. 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 No. 2 Diabetes project in Ukraine provides hope: a translator’s experience by Maria Lewytzkyj PACIFICA, Calif. – Veselka (Rainbow) is the name of the camp on Ternopil’s outskirts where I spent one week in July with diabetic children, as part of the team representing the Ukrainian Diabetes Project. My interest in the project began when I met Andrea Skrypka, a neighbor Californian and director/founder of the UDP, at a Ukrainian National Women’s League of America gathering. She showed a video of some diabet- ic children brought from Cherkasy to America last year. I was touched. Andrea listed Ternopil as one of the cities UDP planned as a camp site for the 1996 summer. Coincidentally, I planned on meeting family there at the same time. Andrea told me that in Ukraine diabetic children are treated as invalids. Anticipating my observation that plenty of Americans with diabetes live normal lives, Andrea explained that education regarding diabetes in Ukraine is lacking. UDP’s mission is to change Ukraine’s approach to treating diabetes. I immediately volunteered as her translator. As translator, I met my first challenge at the camp’s opening ceremony when Andrea greeted the 92 children plus mothers and grandmothers. Would my Ukrainian be understood? I believed it would. I was there as a messenger, to communicate Andrea’s vision – herself a diabetic – to fellow Ukrainians. I was understood and even mentioned in an article and on the radio as well versed in Ukrainian. A class in progress: teenagers learn how to perform their own blood testing. The first night, the parents, who have formed the Buratino Society, greeted us with overwhelming thanks betes. We were able to combine my understanding of hope. She and Nadia are going to send me their artwork. at a dinner in our honor, where children and the restau- Andrea’s fast English with their medical knowledge and The wealth of colorful personalities and genuineness rant’s hired talent performed for us. Adorned in intimacy with contemporary Ukrainian. As a result of the children offered surrounded me during a camp whose Ukrainian costumes and their prettiest outfits, a few our collaborative efforts, the translations were precise. theme, in Ukraine, is viewed despairingly. The camp children presented us with embroidery and autographed Often the children would get a good laugh when they proved something very valuable to me and the children, wooden boxes. Within their desperate fights to improve the five core volunteers of the UDP team whose hard their children’s lives, Buratino representatives were watched us struggle to find the best way to translate a con- work and perseverance made the camp a reality, and the grateful for UDP’s efforts. cept. Imagine pre-teens’ reactions to the procedure of using excellent camp staff. This welcoming set an encouraging mood for the work test strips to detect sugar in urine. Lucky for their giggles, Even though the issue of children living with diabetes the UDP and the children would perform during the week. the children didn’t need to suppress them, since we came to is very serious and involves proper education and care, The children learned about living well with diabetes, the teach blood testing as the most accurate method. the means of doing so should provide hope and a good importance of regular blood sugar analyses, how to main- Olia is one girl who stole my heart – a part of which time. Thus, the children staged skits, recited poems and tain daily logs, and how to test their blood sugar indepen- resides with her in her grandparent’s home on Lva Tolstoho dently – a concept many hesitant parents accepted. street. Olia is a fragile 8-year-old girl whose shyness rarely held competitions that we judged. The most hysterical com- Following the last instructional session, we handed each allowed her to honestly share whether she felt her blood petition was between six teenage boys donned in dresses child a year’s worth of insulin and supplies. sugar level to be low or high. Her pale face sweating, she’d and heels, answering dating riddles and quickly folding At Veselka, circling a grassy field, the stage and its secure herself at her grandmother’s side or hold her sister p y r o h y . benches, 12 barracks housed children and the youngest Nadia’s hand tighter when I asked her if she felt okay. Olia, her friends Yura and Natalka, and the rest of the campers’ mothers or grandmothers. Since the age ranged Over the few days, we grew attached. When I hugged kids and teens I met revealed they want to make our from 4 to 19, we divided the camp into groups to best her, I did so gently, and she’d smile when I approached. message a reality: control your diabetes and you can live communicate age-specific issues. With the camp medical Her grandmother, too, often guessed how Olia felt – she’d a full life. director, Liza Levok, and the camp director, Zinovii measure Olia’s sweating or sudden weakness as red flags. Dobenyko, we agreed on a class schedule for the youngest Olia and Nadia are generally quiet, she told me. She children accompanied by their parents, pre-teens and believed it came from the tragedies they’ve faced at teens. Needless to say, the youngest ones found it a chal- such young ages. Their mother drowned during the last lenge to sit still. One 4-year-old’s grandmother caught her year, and their father abandoned them. They live with breath when I relieved her and ran after her grandson as their grandparents, who exist meekly on preposterous he exited the classroom for the fifth time. pensions. Complicated by diabetes, these facts of Olia’s For three classes a day, two local endocrinology stu- life seem to justify her timidity. dents, Ira and Tanya, and I translated for Andrea and I bonded with her immediately and spent many good Shama Roderick, both dietitians specializing in dia- times with Olia, providing her with understanding and Luhansk student wins Sopinka Aw a r d TORONTO – The fourth John Sopinka Award for beliefs understood in a foreign language. Ukraine Excellence has been awarded to Roman Didenko, a needs a leader like Roman, who leads not for his own fourth-year student of history at Luhansk Pedagogical self interest, but for the interests of the people.” Institute in Luhansk, Ukraine. Previous John Sopinka Scholarship recipients Established in 1988, the award is named for Justice include Prof. Lubomyr Luciuk, formerly of Queen’s John Sopinka of the Supreme Court of Canada. It was University; Prof. Bohdan Kordan of the University of established by the Chair of Ukrainian Studies Foundation Saskatchewan; and Orest Babij, a graduate of Royal of Toronto. Military College, now at Oxford University. The Poltava-born Mr. Didenko is the first student from Mr. Didenko’s professors at Luhansk Pedagogical a Ukrainian university to receive the Sopinka Award. Institute and his American professors recommended The scholarship has made it possible for Mr. him for the 1996 Canada-Ukraine Parliamentary Didenko to take up a full-year residency at the Center Program for university students from Ukraine. for Conflict Resolution of St. Paul University in Program Director Ihor Bardyn, speaking about Mr. Ottawa. Didenko, said: “It is students and youth of Ukraine who During his residency Mr. Didenko will be trained to can act as the catalyst to turn Ukraine into a democratic become a teacher/instructor of conflict resolution. After and civil society. Vaclav Havel, the Czech president, his return to Ukraine in 1997, he will complete his wrote that ‘the key to former Communist countries’ pas- degree at Luhansk Pedagogical Institute and then begin sage to democracy is the creation of a civil society in training Ukrainian students in conflict resolution. which the rule of law checks the human impulse to act Jodi Leforte of the United States Peace Corps out fantasies of hatred.’ Democracy, Mr. Havel points wrote one of the letters of recommendation for the out, is not enough.” award recipient, noting in part: “As his professor, I The ability of Ukraine’s students to study and am impressed by his inquisitiveness and well-devel- retain what they have learned from Western democra- oped opinions. I instruct him in English, and I am tic and civil societies is a key link in the transforma- overjoyed by his eloquent usage of that language. Not tion of former Communist countries into democratic many people are capable of making their opinions and and civil societies, Mr. Bardyn noted. Maria Lewytzkyj (left), author of this article, with Daria Ivasechko and her granddaughters Olia and Nadia. No. 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 5 THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FORUM Ukrainian National Foundation Young UNA’ers board holds its first meeting by Martha Lysko orphanages and the elderly, and aid in printing school texts on subjects of In the report about the November 6, Ukrainian heritage and culture. 1996, meeting of the Executive Committee The board of directors of the UN that was published in The Ukrainian Foundation met on November 10, after Weekly, it was noted that the UNA had the close of the annual meeting of the activated a foundation, called the Ukrainian UNA General Assembly. National Foundation Inc., and received an The board of directors of the exemption from federal income tax under Ukrainian National Foundation compris- section 501 (c) of the IRS Code. This foun- es: President Ulana Diachuk, Vice- dation has been in the planning stages for President Nestor Olesnycky, Secretary some time. As early as January 1995 the Martha Lysko, Treasurer Alexander UNA Executive Committee had authorized Blahitka, Anya Dydyk-Petrenko, Anatole Stefan Kaczaraj, CPA, to file all necessary Doroshenko, Roma Hadzewycz, Eugene papers for the creation of a not-for-profit Iwanciw and Walter Sochan. f o u n d a t i o n . The first order of business, after the The foundation was established exclu- opening of the November 10 meeting sively for charitable, educational, reli- was to establish a financial basis for the gious, scientific and cultural purposes. foundation. Each member of the General The primary aim of the foundation is to Assembly of the Ukrainian National Katarina Jovanovic, daughter of grant scholarships to needy students from Association had donated $25 to the foun- Shezana and Radf Jovanovic, is a new Lucas Edward C. Fedyk is a new mem- the U.S., Ukraine and other countries to dation for a total of $625 collected at the member of UNA Branch 888 in ber of UNA Branch 171 in Jersey City, study banking, business and journalism. annual meeting. The foundation expects Etobicoke, Ontario. She was enrolled N.J. He was enrolled by his parents, The foundation will continue to sponsor to receive at least $10,000 from the sale by Bianca Hrnjak. Roman and Larissa Fedyk. the English Teachers for Ukraine pro- of UNA Christmas cards. gram and the Summer Institute for Teachers in Ukraine. It will support (Continued on page 14)

The UNA and you Good counsel: hire an attorney by Stephan Welhasch In some states, like Pennsylvania, California and New Jersey, the state supreme courts have changed requirements on real estate closings. They permit home buyers to go through closings without legal representation. Attorneys, title companies, escrow companies and, in some cases, real estate com- panies are allowed to act as closing agents. One should not treat a closing lightly. Attorneys should be involved with the buyer right from the time of signing the sales agreement because all home purchases involve some negotiations. Attorneys can show you legal loopholes and advise you on how to avoid legal problems. In most cases sellers have an attorney representing his or her interests. Home buy- ers should do the same; at the very least they should have an attorney go over the con- tract to be ensured that their interests are fully protected. Since the sellers’ attorneys Stefan Jovanovic, son of Shezana and Daniel Alexander Korduba, son of usually draw up the sales contract, buyers who are trying to save themselves money Radf Jovanovic, is a new member of Elizabeth and Roman Korduba, is a by not having an attorney may be setting themselves up for all kinds of difficulties. UNA Branch 888 in Etobicoke, new member of UNA Branch 234 in Closing attorneys perform various necessary and useful services to the home Ontario. He was enrolled by Bianca Elizabeth, N.J. He was enrolled by his buyer, including “riding herd” on the title company and sellers’ attorneys. “Any Hrnjak. uncle Marc G. Pogoda. number of unforeseen problems can arise prior to and at a closing — so don’t take a chance at not being represented by legal counsel,” says Myroslaw Smorodsky, of the law firm Smorodsky & Stawnychy, based in Rutherford, N.J. “Whatever the case may be,” says Frank Wilson, a retired loan officer from the New York City area, “the handling of closings by counsel can save both the buyer and the seller much time and unnecessary aggravation.” In New Jersey, for exam- ple, real estate attorneys have traditionally represented not only the buyers, but also the title company and the mortgage lender in most transactions. Therefore, attorneys always tried to do the job as quickly and efficiently as was possible. Among the most common problems that have occurred with not having legal counsel is that more deals are being renegotiated after the traditional “home inspection” is completed. Quite often this results in delayed closings and some- times financial loss for the buyer. If you decide to hire an attorney, look for one who specializes in real estate. They can guide you through inevitable obstacles and will give you invaluable tax and other advice. A successful closing requires a lot of preparation on your part. Be a wise consumer, take good counsel. Ask your lender to provide you with any literature they may have about closings, buying or selling a home, etc. Ask them to answer all of your questions about completing a closing successfully. They will be more than happy to oblige you. Ask your real estate agent all the same questions that you asked your lender and attorney. Between the three, you will have a pretty good picture of what home buying is all about. Nemania Jovanovic, son of Shezana Roman Yaroslaw Sperkacz, son of We at the Ukrainian National Association realize buying your own home is and Radf Jovanovic, is a new member Yaroslaw and Lesia Sperkacz, is the probably one of the most important financial steps in your life. If you are think- of UNA Branch 888 in Etobicoke, youngest new member of UNA Branch ing of purchasing a new home or are looking to refinance your existing mortgage Ontario. He was enrolled by Bianca 388 in Bay Harbor, Fla. He was loan, the UNA can help you. Hrnjak. enrolled by his parents. The UNA offers its members special financing for owner-occupied, one-, two- and three-family homes nationwide. The UNA First Mortgage Loan Program is specially designed to meet the financial needs of its members and offers an inter- est rate that is competitive with prevailing rates in your area. We also provide Insure and be sure. Jumbo Loans to Ukrainian churches and organizations. To find out more about the First Mortgage Loan Program or about becoming Join the UNA! a member and sharing in the many benefits the UNA has to offer, telephone (800) 253-9862. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 No. 2 TH E UK R A I N I A N WE E K LY Rough draft

Christmas from Ukraine by Roman Woronowycz Kyiv On January 6, that is Christmas Eve by the Julian calendar, the air waves here were filled with Christmas broadcasts from Ukraine carried by Radio Ukraine International. There were homilies from spiritual leaders, greetings from government officials, reports on Christmas themes and highlights of Celebrating in Ukraine divine liturgies. Today in Ukraine people are free to Macy’s during the holiday season, but As one loyal listener informed The Weekly, the Christmas Eve broadcast carried attend the church of their choice, they Christmas was definitely in the air. excerpts of a liturgy celebrated at St. Volodymyr Sobor by Patriarch Filaret and can carol in the streets, they can praise Another tradition continued through other hierarchs and clergy. It was a Ukrainian-language liturgy broadcast from that God as they wish. But ask Kyivans if the the years was the New Year’s greeting, cathedral, which is the seat of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kyiv Patriarchate. celebration of Christmas and the New given immediately before the stroke of Then the international service of Radio Ukraine opted to broadcast an even Year has changed in the five and a half midnight on December 31. In the old longer excerpt of another liturgy — this one celebrated by Metropolitan years since communism collapsed and days it was the head of the Communist Volodymyr Sabodan of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Moscow Patriarchate the answer for the most part is “no.” Party speaking from Moscow; this year it from the Trapezna (Refectory) Church of the Pecherska Lavra, the famed And that goes for life in the villages, was President Leonid Kuchma speaking Kyivan Cave Monastery. The liturgy was celebrated in the Russian language. where age-old traditions were main- from Kyiv. His short speech was fol- Now, we are not about to tell the people of Ukraine what language they tained, albeit secretly, during Soviet rule lowed by the playing of the national should worship in. After all, the new Constitution of Ukraine guarantees lan- and thrive today. anthem exactly at midnight. guage rights to all of Ukraine’s citizens. What we do object to, however, is Although there has been a religious In the villages, age-old customs were Radio Ukraine International’s decision to broadcast a Russian-language liturgy resurgence, for city dwellers the big holi- continued, and this year the cold weather — close to 45 minutes of it — to the world. day is still the New Year. Unlike in the and snowfalls immediately before the Why should Ukraine’s official radio broadcast a Russian-language liturgy? Who United States, it is a family holiday, at holidays made for an especially joyful does the radio station think its audience is: the Russian diaspora? Surely that is the least until after midnight. Family mem- holiday. In western Ukraine, in the audience for radio broadcasts emanating from Russia. The Ukrainian diaspora audi- bers gather around the dinner table, Ternopil and Lviv regions, knee-high ence, meanwhile, has been treated with insensitivity, indeed with disrespect. They exchange gifts and toast the New Year snow brought out the sleighs and horses. do not believe that “eto vsio ravno” (it’s all equal) when it comes to language. What with champagne, usually a Ukrainian On Christmas Eve, as people sat down to need does the Ukrainian diaspora audience have for a Russian-language liturgy? brand (it’s much cheaper). the traditional 12-course meal, including Furthermore, if Ukrainian is the state language of Ukaine, does that not Homes are decorated with garland and the traditional “kutia,” sleigh bells and apply also to its international radio service? The voice of Ukraine should be streamers, and everybody wants a snow crunching beneath the trodding delivered in Ukrainian. It’s as simple as that. Christmas tree, although with the financial steps of horses could be heard outside. * * * hardships in the country not everybody Then came the “vertep,” the traditional Still on the topic of Radio Ukraine International, but on a brighter note, it can afford one. After midnight people re-enactment of the birth of Christ in should be noted that the day after the liturgies were aired, the radio broadcast part, some for a quiet evening at home, Bethlehem, performed by high school the Christmas messages of three Orthodox hierarchs, the aforementioned some to a neighbor’s apartment or to the students. The following day it was off to Patriarch Filaret (who called for unity among all of Ukraine’s Orthodox city center to join with others carousing Christmas liturgy in a church bursting Churches) and Metropolitan Volodymyr, and Patriarch Dymytrii of the on Independence Square. with the faithful, many of whom had to Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, as well as Cardinal Myroslav Ivan This year, as in years past, the square stand outside the building in near-zero Lubachivsky, primate of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church. All four mes- was the center of official celebrations. weather. Then carolers visited homes as sages — even Metropolitan Sabodan’s — were delivered in Ukrainian. On one side of the Khreschatyk, a stage people sat down for the Christmas Day Could it be that someone at the Radio Ukraine saw in hindsight that broad- was erected and above it the words meal. casting Metropolitan Sabodan’s Russian liturgy was a serious faux pas? We “Christ is Born” and “Happy New Year” In the city and in the village, people certainly hope so. in Ukrainian. In the days preceding the told me that this is the first normal New Year, colorful spectacles were Christmas weather in several years, and staged by various theater groups. A giant in both places Chornobyl was blamed for fireworks display was presented on the warm, snowless weather the country December 29, the day the official state had experienced. But not this year. It was Jan. Christmas tree was lit across the the Christmas your parents and grandpar- Khreschatyk at the other end of the large ents had told you about. TurningTurning the pagespages back...back... square. At the base of the tree, which In the village, people say that the big 12 stood about four stories high, five-foot change is independence. They say that tall drawings of Christmas scenes were although life is still difficult, it has nor- 1994 displayed. malized somewhat. Villagers, generally, Three years ago, on January 12, 1994, President Bill Clinton There “Did Moroz” (Ukraine’s version have not had a problem feeding them- became the first U.S. president to visit independent Ukraine. of Santa Claus) or, more precisely, about selves. Slaughter a cow, a pig, and there Following are excerpts of The Weekly’s news reports, filed by a dozen of them, wandered the square is food for the table. Roman Woronowycz, covering that historic first. practicing the still novel “art” of capital- One person told me that a different * * * ism by convincing kids and their parents change had occurred, one that is difficult KYIV – The first United States president to visit an independent Ukraine stayed for to have photographs taken with them for to pinpoint. “It is the spirit, the feeling less than three hours. It was a historic visit nonetheless, done with all the ceremony a small charge of 5 hryvni. Also present that we now have, that we didn’t have and aplomb this country could muster. in no small numbers were vendors hawk- before,” said Olha Ivantsiv, who has U.S. President Bill Clinton was on his way to a summit involving the leaders of ing balloons and various trinkets. lived in the village of Verbiv, in the Ukraine, Russia and the U.S. The leaders were scheduled to sign an accord in which It was all very festive and pleasant Ternopil Oblast, all her 68 years. Ukraine will give up its nuclear missiles. except for a minor detail: suspended In the city, that feeling was more diffi- George Bush was the last U.S. president to visit Kyiv, where on August 1, 1991, he across the way leading to the Christmas cult to find because it is harder to ensure gave his infamous “Chicken Kiev” speech cautioning Ukraine, which at that time was tree the greeting wishing people a happy one’s everyday needs. Food is expensive still under the Soviet regime, against “suicidal nationalism.” Ukraine declared inde- new year was written in Russian. and workers’ salaries are small — when pendence just over three weeks later on August 24, 1991. The Khreschatyk itself was decorated they do receive them. A rather bitter, Mr. Clinton was greeted at Boryspil Airport on the outskirts of Kyiv by Ukraine’s with garland and banners wishing people older lady walking down the President Leonid Kravchuk, Prime Minister Yukhym Zviahilsky, Deputy Prime well during the holidays. Music played Khreschatyk a day before Christmas Eve, Minister Valerii Shmarov and Foreign Minister Anatolii Zlenko. from speakers on street lights – remnants who refused to give her name, told me President Clinton and his entourage, which included Secretary of State Warren of the Soviet system when political that although people try to keep to tradi- Christopher, newly nominated Assistant Secretary of State Strobe Talbott, National music was played during national holi- tions, no one can really afford to cele- Security Adviser Andrew Lake, Department of Defense Undersecretary for Foreign days. brate the holiday. “We do not celebrate Policy Fran Wisner and 200 associated aides and specialists, separated into meetings Inside the TsUM, the main govern- our existence,” she said, “We celebrate with the Ukrainian delegation. ment store, music also played and our survival.” An hour and a half later, consultation completed, President Clinton emerged with Christmas displays prompted people to But after what these people have lived his host. Mr. Clinton announced a three-part plan intended to give Ukraine economic purchase items as they did last-minute through in the last decades, even that is relief and help the United States rid itself of the threat of nuclear warheads. gift shopping. It was a far cry from worth celebrating. “On Friday we are ready to sign an agreement committing Ukraine to eliminate 176 intercontinental ballistic missiles and some 1,500 nuclear warheads targeted at the United States,” said Mr. Clinton. He called Ukraine’s decision “of utmost significance to this region and the world.” Re: Mail delivery of The Weekly In return for Ukraine’s denuclearization, President Clinton outlined a three-pronged It has come to our attention that The Ukrainian Weekly is often delivered late, or irregularly, proposal aimed at bolstering Ukraine’s economy and enhancing the country’s sense of or that our subscribers sometimes receive several issues at once. security: a personal invitation to Ukraine to participate in the Partnership for Peace We feel it is necessary to notify our subscribers that The Weekly is mailed out Friday mornings program; establishment of an enterprise fund that will stimulate small business invest- (before the Sunday date of issue) via second-class mail. ment and accelerate privatization; and development of closer economic ties between If you are not receiving regular delivery of The Weekly, we urge you to file a complaint at your Ukraine, the United States an the West in general. local post office. This may be done by obtaining the U.S. Postal Service Consumer Card and fill- Source: The Ukrainian Weekly, January 16, 1994 (Vol. LXII, No. 3). No. 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 7 COMMENTARY: Kuropas column only clouds the religious picture by the Rev. John R. Nakonachny I have certainly never read any statistics by Christopher Guly that indicate that “most of the citizens (of Christ is Born! Glorify Him! Ukraine) are non-believers.” Where does It was with great sadness that in this sea- Dr. Kuropas’ information come from? Is it son of love and joy, Myron Kuropas chose based on church attendance? If that is the Conservatives’ Ukrainian-Canadian rainmaker to write his article “Christmas in Ukraine, gauge by which Dr. Kuropas measures 1996,” which was printed in the December belief, then France, Italy, Brazil and simi- 1997 may prove to be the most chal- to face the electorate himself. Mr. 22, 1996, edition of The Ukrainian Weekly. lar countries, which are looked upon as lenging year in David Tkachuk’s life. As Tkachuk will remain a senator until Surely this topic could have been written at “Roman Catholic” countries, must also be co-chairman of the Progressive February 18, 2020. a later date and something more in tune counted as countries of “non-believers,” Conservative Party’s national campaign, It rankles him when the media, and with the season submitted in its place. since only 10 percent of the men in these the 51-year-old senator from the public, either criticize him and his I realize that Dr. Kuropas is a dedicated countries attend church. Saskatchewan has been tagged to orches- fellow upper house appointees – in 1996 and loyal member of the Catholic Church, Ukraine has been independent for only trate his party’s return from the wilder- senators earned a $64,400 (about and this is to be admired. However, his loy- five years, and after more than 70 years of ness in a federal election likely to be $47,000 U.S.) salary, a $10,000 (about alty and disappointment in the knowledge religious persecution, the Ukrainian people called by Prime Minister Jean Chrétien. $7,000 U.S.) tax-free expense allowance that the pope may not visit Ukraine appears are only now coming to terms with religion. It’s a heady task, considering the and free travel between Ottawa and their to have clouded, if not distorted, the true Let us not judge them as non-believers. Tories hold only two of 295 seats in the residences – for avoiding voter sentiment picture of the current religious situation in 2. I find Dr. Kuropas, statement regard- House of Commons. Certainly, Canada’s in elections, or simply ignore the Senate Ukraine, as well as the sad history of ing Patriarch Filaret to be reprehensible. He current political climate suggests the and its inhabitants. Church relations in the United States. writes that “given his one-time loyalty to Conservatives’ fortunes have changed “I think it’s important that [senators] It is true that, in the past, there was great the Moscow Patriarchate and his shady past for the better and could replace the go about their business,” he explained. tension between the Orthodox and Catholic – many believe he was once on the KGB regional Bloc Quebecois as the Official “For me, I think my political experience Churches, especially among the clergy; as payroll – his remarks are not surprising.” Opposition in the Commons. Forming has proven to be very valuable. Three Dr. Kuropas stated, “Ukrainian Catholic Further he writes that the pope will prob- the next federal government won’t likely years after my appointment, I became priests and Ukrainian Orthodox priests ably not visit Ukraine “because of remarks happen, given the Liberals’ continuing chairman of the Finance Committee.” never sat at the head table together, not even by such former Soviet shils as Filaret.” popularity. That’s a long way from the small mul- at community-wide events.” However, in Shame! Having observed Patriarch That would require a miracle – or ticultural town of Weirdale, all fairness, we must recognize that in Filaret’s work, over the past three years, for backroom political acumen. That’s Saskatchewan, where Sen. Tkachuk almost all such cases, the fault was not with an independent Ukrainian Orthodox where Sen. Tkachuk comes in. When he grew up and spoke Ukrainian in the local the Orthodox clergy. Most of the Orthodox Church, how much longer will our joined the Saskatchewan Tories in 1974, playground. priests were former Greek-Catholic priests Ukrainian leaders continue to ignore the the party was virtually non-existent in Long before he got to precede his name from Halychyna and their return to good that has been done by the patriarch? the province. By the 1980s they held Orthodoxy in the 1920s branded them as with a senatorial designation, Mr. Tkachuk Why must they continue to bring up things power under Premier Grant Devine, for traitors. As a result, they were shunned by had difficulty explaining to people how to that possibly took place before an indepen- whom the senator served as principal the Greek-Catholic clergy, as was everyone pronounce his own family name. “When dent Ukraine? Do we read such statements secretary. who belonged to their parishes. most people heard ‘Kachook,’ of course about past Communist leaders, i.e., former Now, federal Conservative leader Jean I remember growing up in Taylor, Pa., they spelled it without the ‘t,’ ” he says. President Leonid Kravchuk, President Charest, a former Mulroney Cabinet min- and visiting local Catholic churches “So, our family started to pronounce the Leonid Kuchma and the many diplomats in ister, appears to want to tap into Sen. without hesitation, while my Catholic ‘t’ before the ‘k.’ ” the United Nations and Washington who Tkachuk’s political magic of transforming friends were told by their priests that it Though the family name now is prop- visit our communities across the country political obscurity into political power. was a “sin” to enter an Orthodox church erly pronounced, Sen. Tkachuk admits and are so warmly welcomed by Ukrainians Fellow Tory, Ukrainian Canadian and and if they did, they must go to confes- that the linguistic side of his heritage has in the United States? We applaud them for Saskatchewan resident Raynell sion. For this reason, my own relatives largely been lost. His boyhood Ukrainian their conversion from communism, but Andreychuk first met Mr. Tkachuk when would not visit my Orthodox parish. Yet, is mostly a memory. But that could when the same applies to a Church leader, they served on the student council at the when visiting them, we always attended change. in the person of Patriarch Filaret, we cannot University of Saskatchewan in liturgy at their church. Over the last three years, he and Sen. accept his conversion and commitment to Saskatoon in the early 1960s. Today, At the same time, it was not unusual to Andreychuk – the only two Ukrainian work for an independent Ukrainian they serve together in the Canadian hear that Orthodox believers who Canadian members of the chamber – are Senate. “David will be responsible for planned to marry in the Catholic Church Orthodox Church. often invited to events in the community. I wonder where the Christian Church putting the nuts and bolts of the cam- were forced to be re-baptized. Sen. Tkachuk hopes to also visit Ukraine paign together, and ensure the operation Dr. Kuropas wrote that “such foolish- would be today if the early Christians had for the first time over the next couple of done the same to St. Paul on his conversion is in place,” she said. “That’s what he is ness finally ended in 1988.” Thank God it years. known for.” ended, but in truth it ended much earlier from persecutor of to a believer in Christ? Given his new job as Tory campaign Yet, in spite of Dr. Kuropas’ beliefs, of In fact, professionally, that’s what he than 1988 with the decisions of Vatican II wonderworker, Mr. Tkachuk will likely seems to have lived for. A graduate in and their acknowledgment of the fact that all the Orthodox hierarchs, Patriarch Filaret emerge with a higher profile in 1997, history and political science from the the Orthodox Church traces its beginning is the most aggressive in regard to improv- both within and outside the Ukrainian University of Saskatchewan, Mr. to the Pentecost and has apostolic succes- ing relations with the Ukrainian Catholic Canadian community. Tkachuk spent the initial portion of his sion, thus recognizing the true history of Church. During the Orthodox Sobor that In the process, the unelected senator working life as a small businessman and the Orthodox Church. elected him patriarch in October 1995 – at seeking positive returns from the teacher. But from 1974 on it’s been poli- I write these words not with any joy, which I was an observer – a representative Canadian electorate may close the loop tics, all the way: working for the rather to honor, respect and defend the ded- of the Ukrainian Catholic Church greeted in his political career as backroom strate- Saskatchewan Conservatives and, for a icated pioneer clergy of the Ukrainian the delegates to the Sobor and spoke of gist and glad-handing politician. year, for British Columbia’s conservative Orthodox Church in the United States who mutual cooperation. Social Credit party. had to endure the many insults inflicted Following the enthronization divine His profile, however, was always upon them for being Orthodox. liturgy at St. Vladimir’s Cathedral in Kyiv, behind the scenes. Regarding the main issues of Dr. I was amazed to hear Patriarch Filaret “My appointment to the Senate was Kuropas’s article – Ukraine and the pope’s speak to all the clergy and faithful that the not very popular, even among Tories, visit – allow me to comment on two points Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv because I was not what you would call a that he brought up in the article. Patriarchate and the Ukrainian Greek- people person – more a political person,” 1. Dr. Kuropas makes the statement that Catholic Church were the only two recalled Sen. Tkachuk. “Ukraine is hardly an Orthodox nation. Churches that cared about an independent When Prime Minister Brian Mulroney Ukraine is a pluralistic state wherein most Ukraine. For Patriarch Filaret to make such telephoned him on June 8, 1993, to noti- of the citizens are non-believers.” a statement, at a time when the Russian fy him of his new job in the Senate, Mr. Statistics have been published in Ukraine Orthodox Church was trying to put fear Tkachuk himself thought a friend was showing that of its 52 million citizens, over into the masses by accusing him of being a pulling a prank. “I was cooking breakfast 30 million consider themselves Orthodox, 3 secret Catholic, took courage and showed for my son [Brad, now 20], when I got a to 5 million are Greek-Catholic, and the outstanding vision and leadership. call from the prime minister’s office and remaining numbers belong to other reli- He further demonstrated that courage when, in visiting Lviv, he met with I started to dismiss it until the person gions or no religion at all. Truly, Orthodoxy said, ‘No, it’s really the prime minister’s is the major religion in Ukraine. Cardinal Myroslav Lubachivsky and later, in Kyiv, attended the enthronization divine office.’ Then, Mr. Mulroney got on the When there is one united Orthodox phone and started talking about mutual Church in Ukraine, the Orthodox Church liturgy of the Kyiv exarch of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church, Bishop Lubomyr acquaintances and I thought, ‘Why is he will no doubt play a great role in the asking me all these questions?’ He then country. This should not shock anyone, Husar. Surely these actions by Patriarch Filaret cannot be misconstrued as anything said, ‘I’m appointing you to the Senate for the same is evident in Poland with the of Canada this afternoon.’ ” Roman Catholic Church’s influence. other than his desire to work cooperatively with the Greek-Catholics. Dr. Kuropas In the game of politics, the job was overlooks all the good that Patriarch Filaret pure patronage, with some irony. The The Rev. John R. Nakonachny is pas - has done for inter-Church relations. man who has built a career on getting tor of St. Vladimir’s Ukrainian Orthodox Conservatives elected to public office Cathedral in Parma, Ohio. (Continued on page 15) will never, unless the rules change, have Sen. David Tkachuk 8 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 No. 2

DATELINE NEW YORK: Kutia and Christmas carols by Helen Smindak

Christmas Eve rituals The traditional Ukrainian Christmas Eve meal con- sists mostly of vegetarian food; there is fish but no meat. Why? Because, as an agrarian society, Ukrainians concentrated their attention on what nature gave them and on the produce that they themselves could grow, according to Lubov Wolynetz, curator of the folk art collection at The Ukrainian Museum in New York. Ukrainian housewives prepared a variety of dishes for Christmas Eve (whether celebrated on December 24 or January 6), using harvest from the fields. An ancient pagan tradition of Koroten (winter solstice eve) includ- ed 12 dishes in the meal with one dish dedicated to each full moon. With the advent of Christianity, says Mrs. Wolynetz, the 12 dishes gained a new interpretation: they came to represent the 12 apostles. Speaking to a group of tourists at the museum last month, Mrs. Wolynetz pointed out that Ukrainians have always paid special attention to the grains from which they made bread: “In pagan times, they made special breads to present as sacrifices to pagan gods. When Christianity came, they made the same special breads to create a centerpiece for the Christmas Eve table. “The bread was usually in a round form, because it was made in the image of the sun; when you bake a round- shaped bread, you are helping the sun to be born again.” Three braided loaves were placed in the center of the table, one atop the other. Originally, they symbolized the three stages of life, or the three elements that we need in order to exist. Later, Christians interpreted the three loaves as symbolic of the Trinity, noted the speaker. Hay and straw (there’s your agrarian aspect again, “Christmas Is Here,” reproduction of a glasspainting by Yaroslava Surmach Mills. Mrs. Wolynetz chuckled) were placed under the table- cloth. “That lent itself very well later to the Christian there in the belief that at night the spirits of the departed The program included stirring performances of beloved idea of the Christ Child being born in a stable and being may want to come and participate in the meal.” classics – excerpts from Bach’s “Magnificent” and placed in a manger of hay.” In today’s homes, she added, it is not always possible Verdi’s “Requiem,” Sergei Rachmaninoff’s “Vespers” The table setting, she said, must include two table- to adhere to all of these customs, so Ukrainian homemak- and a powerful “Battle Hymn of the Republic.” cloths – one for the living and one for the dead. An ers can be selective. Nowadays, for example, Ukrainians Backed by the chorus and orchestra, Anatoly Glavin extra place setting was always included for those who often cover the dinner table with one cloth, then lay a dec- offered the popular Mario Lanza trademark “Be My have departed from the family; it was left in place for orative runner over it instead of using two tablecloths. Love.” The American classic George Gershwin’s the whole night. Christmas in October “Summertime” was faithfully interpreted by the choir To “shoo away” any evil spirits that might enter the and orchestra, with Mila Tretiak as soloist. home, a clove of garlic was placed under the tablecloths Wondrous to hear and a marvel to behold – the Kyiv Ukrainian and Russian classics were featured in the at each corner. If there were young children in the fami- Symphonic Choir and Orchestra, performing in the second half, among them the sprightly “Shchedryk” ly, some hay and straw were placed under the table to awesomely beautiful Riverside Church on the Upper (Carol of the Bells), Bortniansky’s “Mnohaya Lita” form a hiding place for nuts and candies. West Side of Manhattan. (Blessing for a Long Life), Stetsenko’s “Blahoslovy, Two special foods are a “must” at Christmas Eve. Although it was October, the dazzling setting and the Dushe Moya, Hospody” (Bless O Lord, My Soul) and One is kutia, which is boiled wheat mixed with honey selection of music made it seem like Christmas as the the folk songs “Oy Susidko” and “Kyieve Miy.” Here a and poppy seed; the other is uzvar, a stewed fruit com- 110-voice choir, singing in Latin and English, opened dozen performers attired in Ukrainian folk costumes pote, which should include 12 different dried fruits. with the majestic Christmas classic “O Come All Ye held center stage. Also called “god’s food,” kutia was used in pagan times Faithful.” During the second portion, Mr. McMurrin surren- as a sacrifice to the gods. Mrs. Wolynetz stressed that In a grand entrance, choir members in formal attire dered the podium to youthful members of the choir, everyone at the supper table must partake of this sweet con- walked in procession down the center aisle and formed who directed the ensemble’s performances or per- coction as a first course. Uzvar is eaten as the final course. behind the orchestra in the altar section of the church. formed bandura, bayan, piano or organ solos. “In between, we have borshch, and we have The soloists entered from the side aisles during the Two prayers were offered in the finale – Mykola dumplings with sauerkraut, with potatoes, with kasha; singing of the carol. Lysenko’s “Prayer for Ukraine” and Irving Berlin’s The combined ensemble was directed by Roger G. then we have stuffed cabbage rolls, and a mushroom “God Bless America” – which brought the concert to an sauce ... all together, there are 12 dishes,” she said. McMurrin, an American musical educator and compos- “Our Christmas Eve meal takes a long time, because er who established the choir and orchestra in 1993. (Continued on page 14) usually we sit down and begin to eat when the first star appears in the evening sky – that’s the sign of the Star of Bethlehem.” “What if it’s a cloudy day?” one tourist inquired. “Well, then we begin approximately between five and six o’clock, instead of sending the youngsters out- side to watch for the first star, which is like a game for them – who can spot the first star and run back to announce that the Christmas Eve dinner should begin.” As she described the Christmas setting in the village homes of earlier times, Mrs. Wolynetz said the table and benches were set in a corner of the room beneath a row of icons decorated with an embroidered ritual cloth. Here, in what was considered the holy place, the oldest member of the family (grandfather or great-grandfather) would be seated; behind him stood a sheaf of wheat adorned with colored ribbons and tied with an embroi- dered cloth. “That sheaf of wheat referred to the Ukrainian agrari- an tradition; they tilled the land, and wheat and bread grains were very important to them,” she said. “They also believed that when a person died, that person returned to earth in the form of stalks of wheat or grain.” The first sheaf of wheat cut at harvest time was stored in the barn, then brought ceremoniously into the house and placed in the holy corner on Christmas Eve. Some spoons were tucked into the cloth tied around the sheaf. “The sheaf of wheat is called a ‘didukh’ or old grand- father; it symbolized all the departed members of the family,” Mrs. Wolynetz explained. “The spoons are left Kyiv Symphonic Choir and Orchestra. No. 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 9

Yara Arts Group’s new production takes troupe to distant Buryatia by Virlana Tkacz CONCLUSION “Sacred sea” I felt it was very important that we rehearse our piece on Lake Baikal, where the mythic sections take place. We waited for the rest of our company, which includ- ed Cecilia Arana, Zabryna Guevara, Eleanor Lipat, Andrew Pang and Watoku Ueno. Once all the Yara actors arrived, we piled into a tiny bus and left for what the Buryats call the “sacred sea.” Lake Baikal is the deepest body of fresh water on earth; it contains one-fifth of the earth’s freshwater supply. The water from its center is so pure that it becomes contaminated by the glass of the laboratory beakers. The lake is renowned for its sudden changes in weather. An American wrote: “It is only on Baikal in the autumn that a man learns to pray from his heart.” But the Buryats pray to the Baikal and to all of nature throughout the year. As we rode to the lake we often stopped on a hill, or in a spot where the steppe suddenly opened up, to sprinkle milk and vodka and to thank the masters of the landscape. The Buryats say, “People ask us where is your church architecture, and we say we pray in a church where the dome is the sky and Watoku Ueno the foundations are the earth.” Nature is Cecilia Arana and Tom Lee (as the Hunter) in “Virtual Souls” as performed at the Buryat National Theater in Ulan Ude. spectacular there, truly awesome. We rehearsed our show on the shore. In thought I was kidding. Then he realized in a modern context. He liked the show here,” said Mr. Zhimbiev. one scene the actors say their own address- that I had indeed made this connection and told us we only had to change a few I sat there stunned. This man knew es starting with their present address and on my own. He told me what he knew. slides, since the ones we used were not of about Les Kurbas? “Oh, yes,” he replied. stepping back to say the previous one. In the 1970s Oleh Lysheha was Buryat petroglyphs. He gave us the very He was working on a book about the They experience the place and themselves involved with a college literary magazine book on Buryat petroglyphs we’d been great Buryat actor, Valerii Inkizhinov, at each address. After reciting their place called Skrynia (The Chest) that published looking for. who had worked with Kurbas in Kharkiv. of birth, every actor stepped into the waters translations of Western modernist poets Then he turned to me and asked, “And it’s about time we re-establish the of the Baikal. Yes, we were all floating in such as Ezra Pound. During the purges of “Why are you here?” I told him that we great Buryat-Ukrainian theater tradition, water before birth, and life on earth began 1972 the police decided that this was a wanted to do a piece about swans, and don’t you think?” in the seas. We still feel its pull today. nationalist publication and Lysheha was the Buryat swan legends were so beauti- * * * Our bus driver was very appropriately expelled from Lviv State University. He ful. He nodded and asked, “Why are you “Virtual Souls” will be playing at La named Bayar Timur, which in Buryat was forced into the Soviet army and sent to here?” I told him I worked at La Mama, Mama Experimental Theatre in New means “warrior of steel.” Not only did he Buryatia. I don’t think the actors knew an experimental theater that works with York on January 16-26, 1997. For tickets know how to get us out of incredible about Lysheha’s stay in Buryatia, but obvi- world theater. One day in Lviv Ellen call (212) 475-7710. jams on the road, he actually managed to ously they, too, felt a deep connection in Stewart, the founder of La Mama, had The Yara Arts Group, may be reached lift the bus without a jack to fix a flat. As this poem as we stood there shivering in told me to go to this area. He nodded and at 306 East 11th St. No. 3B, New York, we all stood in the freezing night, Tom the Siberian night. asked, “But why are you here?” I took a NY 10003; phone/fax; (212) 475-6474; and Andrew suddenly started performing The return of the swan deep breath and told him that the first e-mail; [email protected] a section of Lysheha’s “Swan” poem to piece I made with Yara was about a The last section we developed for our the moon: Ukrainian director... “Who?” he asked. 1 “Swan” by Oleh Lysheha, translated by piece in Buryatia had the actors play them- “Les Kurbas.” “Oh, that’s why you’re Virlana Tkacz and Wanda Phipps. Moon, come here... selves in a rehearsal. In this scene the I come out from under the pines – you’re Buryat actors tell local variations on the hiding... swan story as they teach the Yara actors to I go back under the pines – you shine... play a traditional Buryat game with sheep I start running – you’re at my back... bones. When Erzhena told of how every I stop – you’re gone... dawn Buryat women still sprinkle milk Only dark pines... into the sky, a white offering, a prayer for I hide behind a pine – and you come the return of the great white bird, Tom out... asked her if the swans ever appear at that I come out – you’re not there... moment. “Oh no,” said Erzhena, “there are Not there... no swans here.” Not there... We couldn’t believe it. Swans are the There... symbol of Buryatia. Their pictures are on Not there... everything. Then Erzhena told us there There.. not there... haven’t been any living swans in Buryatia I can’t move that fast... for hundreds of years. “These are dark Wait.. I want to times, but we believe that when the time is Stand in your light...1 right, the swans will return to Buryatia.” We performed “Virtual Souls” at the Lysheha must have been writing about Buryat National Theatre on September 7. this very moon, this very spot. Many of the actors from the troupe came, I learned about Lysheha’s connection to as did the present and the past artistic Buryatia only on the day I was leaving for directors. There was also a large group of Siberia. Serhii Proskurnia, who had pro- students from the Technical Institute who duced our shows in Kyiv, arrived that were studying English. Valentina morning and we talked as I tried to pack. Dambueva was there and afterwards told At one point I asked him if he thought I us how wonderful it was to hear our actors was crazy for going off to Ulan Ude. sing her songs in English. “No,” he replied, “it makes perfect sense. Tsyden Zhimbiev, people’s writer of After all, Lysheha had been there and was Buryatia, also saw our show that night. very influenced by the art and philoso- After the show Sayan told me Mr. phy.” I couldn’t believe my ears. Lysheha Zhimbiev wanted to see me the next day. had been to Buryatia? “Yes,” Serhii I agreed and asked Sayan and Tom to answered, “Didn’t you know that?” come with me. The next morning we met No, I didn’t know that. It was only the old writer in his office. He said he due to a ton of research that I happened thought what we had done was very Tsyden-Zhap Zhimbiev, people’s writer of Buryatia, shows Virlana Tkacz his upon the Buryat material. At first Serhii important. We had placed Buryat culture materials on Valerii Inkizhinov. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 No. 2

Planning a trip to FLOWE R S Ukrainian violoncellist is moving force UKRAINE? at San Marcos Chamber Music Society LAKE SAN MARCOS, Calif. — An During World War II, he set his career Personalized eminent musician of Ukrainian descent, aside to serve as an attack bomber pilot Travel Service at Delivered in Ukraine violoncellist Gregory Bemko, and his wife, in the 9th Air Force. He was a member 1-800-832-1789 concert pianist Yoshiko Niyya, have of the bombardment group that led the Reasonable Rates enjoyed distinguished careers both as invasion of Europe on D-Day. Landmark, Ltd. soloists and as a husband-and-wife team. After the war, Mr. Bemko resumed his Both are Juilliard allumni who, at the musical career, becoming principal vio- •VISAS•HOTELS•MEALS• height of their careers toured the United loncellist with the Denver Symphony in •TRANSFERS•GUIDES• States and Europe as a cello-piano duo. 1946, and subsequently with the San •AIR TICKETS• FIRST QUALITY Upon retirement in 1989, after a 40-year Diego Symphony. He also was instructor UKRAINIAN TRADITIONAL-STYLE career span, Mr. Bemko, acting upon the of violoncello at Denver University and •CARS WITH DRIVERS• couple’s commitment to the promotion of at Occidenntal College in Los Angeles. •INTERPRETERS• MON U M E N T S fine music, founded the San Marcos At the height of his career, Mr. •SIGHTSEEING• SERVING NY/NJ/CT REGION CEMETERIES Chamber Music Society. Since its incep- Bemko appeared in recital and as soloist OBLAST tion, the society has had the support of in North America and with the world’s M E M O R I A L S California State University in the person of leading orchestras, conducted, among LANDMARK, LTD university president Dr. William Stacy. others, by Sir Thomas Beecham, Igor P.O. BOX 746 Due to their efforts, the North San Stravinsky and Leopold Stokowski. Chester, NY 10918 toll free (800) 832-1789 Diego County community and environs, as His performances were reviewed in the 914-469-4247 DC/MD/VA (703) 941- well as devotees from Los Angeles and American and foreign press, among them, BILINGUAL HOME APPOINTMENTS 6180 San Diego, have been able to enjoy perfor- die Weltpresse of Vienna; Het Laatse Niews, mances by world-class artists. Brussels; Tagesanzeiger, Zurich; Het Parool, Among invited performers to the soci- Amsterdam; and, Der Abend, Berlin. ety’s concert series have been leading This past May, Mr. Bemko was honored WEST ARKA Ukrainian musicians, among them; con- on the occasion of his 80th birthday 2282 Bloor St. W., Toronto, Ont., Canada M6S 1N9 ductor and violinist Adrian Bryttan, vio- anniversary with a concert by the Lake San linist Oleh Krysa, pianist Mykola Suk, Marcos Chamber Music Society of which Gifts cellist Natalia Khoma. Engaged for the he is the founder and artistic director. Ukrainian Handicrafts first concert of the 1997 season is pianist Among the distinguished performers were Art, Ceramics, Jewellery A. CHORNY Volodymyr Vynnytsky. Korean violinist E-Jung, Canadian violist Books, Newspapers Mr. Bemko was born in New York Annemarie Moorcroft, Ukrainian violon- Cassettes, CDs, Videos City, son of Ukrainian immigrants from cellist Natalia Khoma, and, in his fourth appearance, Ukrainian pianist Mykola Suk. Embroidery Supplies western Ukraine. His father, Stefan Bemko, came to this Packages and Services to Ukraine Dr. Lesya Muraszczuk country on his own in 1903 at the age of 17, Tel.: (416) 762-8751 Fax: (416) 767-6839 went into business and did well. As an GENERAL DENTISTRY active member of the Ukrainian communi- ty, he served as church deacon of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in West Islip, Long Island, for more than five decades, 110 DeHaven Drive, L16 and was a delegate to the Ukrainian Yonkers, New York 10703 National Association convention in Chicago. Along with his wife, he was a (914) 963-4820 member in the early 1920s of the Ukrainian Dramatic Society of New York which was Office Hours By Appointment based in the Ukrainian National Home. Mr. Bemko’s mother, Tekla Ratushny, came to America with her family at age 12. Mr. Bemko studied at the Juilliard UKRAINIAN SINGLES School as a fellowship holder with Felix NEWSLETTER Salmond. He also held scholarships with Serving Ukrainian singles of all ages eminent violoncellists Joseph Schuster, throughout the United States and Canada. principal violoncellist of the New York Philharmonic, and Maurice Eisenberg, For information send a self-addressed an independent concert violoncellist and stamped envelope to: later, professor at Juilliard. Mr. Bemko Single Ukrainians also studied with the legendary violon- P.O. Box 24733, Phila., Pa. 19111 cellist Pablo Casals in France. Gregory Bemko

country in World War II. New documentary. . . Another point noted by Prof. Davies (Continued from page 1) was that “many of the people who died In discussing the question of collabora- during the war in the Soviet Union were tion with Germany, Prof. Davies not war dead in the ordinary understand- ing of the word. Robert Conquest, for observed: “a large number of the volun- example, has argued that Stalin killed 6 teers for the Waffen SS came from million of his own citizens during the Western Europe. The nation which sup- war. Now are we to count among the war plied it the largest number of divisions dead people killed by their own govern- was the Netherlands [four]. There were ment? Are we to include the Soviet pris- two Belgian divisions, there was a French oners of war, more than a million of Waffen SS. ... It’s surprising that there whom survived barbaric Nazi captivity to were so few Ukrainians [in the German return to the Soviet Union only to be Army]. Many people don’t know, for killed by their own authorities when they example, that there were far more returned?” Russians fighting alongside the “The Soviet Union was a dinosaur Wehrmacht or in the various German which died of natural causes,” said Prof. armies than there were Ukrainians ... Davies summing up his interview. Thanks to Soviet propaganda, the Russian The UCRDC is interviewing other contribution to the Nazi war effort has prominent historians and experts for the been forgotten, whereas the Ukrainian documentary film “Ukraine in World contribution has been remembered, I War II,” which promises to be a major think, too strongly.” resource for better understanding the role The British professor noted that and history of Ukraine in the context of Western scholars usually think only in world history in this century. terms of collaborators with Nazi For further information contact the Germany and do not even consider those UCRDC at 620 Spadina Ave., Toronto, who collaborated with Soviet Russia Ontario M5S 2H4; telephone (416) 966- simply because the USSR was an Allied 1819. No. 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 11 A 70th birthday appreciation of composer Ihor Sonevytsky Sonevytsky’s compositional activity. The sacred song “Thy Loving Kindness” from the cycle “Canti Spirituali” serves as a vivid example of the composer’s highly refined melodic craft. The opening melodic state- ment descends gently in stepwise motion, mirroring the act of supplication expressed in the liturgical text. The next melodic Premieres to remember: an addendum phrase, through ascending arpeggiation, It seems that the data in the concluding became the first of any Ukrainian pianists heightens the tension ever so slightly, only part (i.e., Part V) of my recent series of the West to perform in Ukraine after to close with another stepwise descent. In “Premieres to Remember” is incomplete, World War II. His recitals stirred Kyiv as the second half, as the text describes the act for pianist Roman Rudnytsky (born 1942) well as Lviv (where the patriarch of com- of prayer, the melody first wavers in a short also participated in noted first perfor- posers Stanislav Liudkevych praised the sequence, then stabilizes in a descending mances. He did the British, Latin American young pianist). At that time Mr. Rudnytsky pattern of thirds leading to a gentle cadence. and Australian premieres of the recently was the first to appear on TV in Zaporizhia As is typical of Dr. Sonevytsky’s vocal discovered Liszt Concerto No. 3 in E Flat in the role of keyboard artist from the West. music, not a note is wasted. Every phrase (British premiere on November 4, 1990, Roman, of course, always placed a high and gesture are pregnant with restrained with the Worthing Symphony only six priority on piano works by his father, emotion, or as Copland described it, “men- months after the world premiere by pianist Antin Rudnytsky, himself an able pianist tal emotion,” so appropriate for this sub- Janina Fialkowska). and accompanist, whose Piano Sonata on limely pious text. The Latin American premiere of the Themes of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen In recent years, the works of the Eastern Liszt score followed in 1992 and the won first prize in Warsaw (1936). Roman European “mystics,” including the Estonian Australian a year later, namely August 20, was the first to perform most of such piano Arvo Part, Poland’s Henryk Gorecki and 1993, with the SBS Youth Orchestra in the works by his late father. Ihor Sonevytsky the Russian Georgi Sviridov have become Sydney Town Hall. The Special Roman Rudnytsky, the recording artist, the rage here in the U.S., the so-called latest Broadcasting Service (SBS), one of may be heard in works by Samuel Barber, This tribute to composer Ihor trend in contemporary composition. At least Australia’s main TV channels, broadcast Vasyl Barvinsky and Franz Liszt (among Sonevytsky was delivered on the occasion in part, the profound effect of this music on this performance in December 1993 as part many other composers). He was first among of a composer’s evening held recently at the American listener is due to the stark of documentary titled “Discovering Liszt.” our pianists to capture on vinyl all of the the Ukrainian Institute of America to contrast it provides to the typical American Concerto No. 3 is not as impressive as “Transcendental etudes” by Liszt, including mark Mr. Sonevytsky’s 70th birthday. lifestyle – boisterous, materialistic and often Nos. 1 and 2, for the score comes from a the grandiose “Mazeppa.” This major work by Oleksander Kuzyszyn shallow in its scope and vision. How ironic very young Liszt, still not fully mature and had been performed in Ukrainian circles by that those very qualities in the music of the masterful. But it is genuine Liszt, who at Volodymyra Bozheyko, Taras Mykyscha In his book “What to Listen for in Eastern European mystics that so intrigue that approximate time wrote an entire and (much later) by Marta Shlemkevych, Music,” Aaron Copland, the greatest American audiences have been integral to opera, now also being produced and re- but Mr. Rudnytsky was first to record it American composer, states: “Melody is Dr. Sonevytsky’s music since his “Ave e v a l u a t e d . c o m m e r c i a l l y . only second in importance to rhythm in the Maria” written way back in 1947. Ironic, Besides the Liszt, Mr. Rudnytsky This, then, for the benefit of “complete- musical firmament. As one commentator but not surprising. attained a number of firsts connected with ness” – although little in the continuous has pointed out, if the idea of rhythm is con- Creatively, Dr. Sonevytsky is a descen- music of Ukraine. On March 26, 1974, he process of creatively can ever be definitely nected in our imagination with physical dant of the musical legacy of the 18th cen- played the hauntingly beautiful “Slavonic completed. Composers will go on perfect- motion, the idea of melody is associated tury Ukrainian masters of sacred choral Concerto” by Borys Liatoshynsky with the ing their art, while performers will follow in with mental emotion. The effect upon us of music: Dmytro Bortniansky and Artem Edmonton Symphony in Canada. This was re-creating such achievements. Conductor both these primary elements is equally mys- Vedel. His volume “Artem Vedel and His not only the first such performance in Leopold Stokowski went on record claim- terious.” Later Copland adds: “In writing Musical Legacy,” published in 1966 in North America, but more importantly, it ing that singers, pianists or orchestras are music, a composer is forever accepting or New York, is the seminal musicological was the “de facto” unveiling of the work never concerned merely with reproduction; rejecting melodies that come to him sponta- work about this composer. For Dr. outside Ukraine. they really have to create all over again, so neously. In no other department of compo- Sonevytsky, spirituality was a way of life A first of another kind occurred in the that composers can live again in the time sition is he forced to rely to the same extent from the very beginning. His grandfather summer of 1966, when Mr. Rudnytsky and space of concert halls. on his musical instinct for guidance.” was the Rev. Klyment Sonevytsky, a spiri- In paying tribute to the creative legacy of tual leader in his native village of Dr. Ihor Sonevytsky, Aaron Copland’s Hadynkivtsi in western Ukraine. Mykhailo words seem especially poignant. For it is in Sonevytsky, the composer’s father, was a the genre of vocal music that Dr. long-time seminary teacher and later a pro- Sonevytsky has made and continues to fessor at the Ukrainian Catholic University make his most important contributions as a in Rome. In the 1970s, Dr. Sonevytsky fol- ROMAN RUDNYTSKY composer – a genre in which melodic inspi- lowed in his father’s footsteps and, although ration and craftsmanship are everything. In living in New York, flew to Rome regularly his many art songs, choral works, as well as to lecture at this same university. PIANIST in his opera, “The Star,” the individuality of Thus, the purity and asceticism of Dr. this composer’s gift for melody is strikingly Sonevytsky’s music, the unadulterated evident. The seemingly inexhaustible well nature of his melodic writing and the trans- of Dr. Sonevytsky’s melodic imagination is parency of his musical textures, are simply impressive enough. After all, a good num- an extension of his psyche and his being. ber of composers have achieved consider- There is nothing adopted in Dr. able success with far less emphasis on Sonevytsky’s style – as an artist he is true to melody. Of these, several have enjoyed h i m s e l f . long, productive careers without ever writ- Dr. Sonevytsky embarked on his life- ing a single memorable tune. In fact, true long journey as a professional musician in melodicism is an elusive and rare gift. 1944, when at 18, as a result of the recom- But the gift itself is not the entire story. mendation of the renowned Ukrainian What is most admirable about Dr. composer Vasyl Barvinsky, he was accept- Sonevytsky’s music is the seamless integra- ed into the composition class of Josef tion of a truly inspired “melos” with an aes- Marx at the Vienna Musical Academy. thetic clarity, an economy of means and an At the end of World War II, however, emotional directness. The deceptive sim- Vienna was occupied by the Russian plicity that results is the very quality which Communists, and as a result the is often lacking in contemporary music. All Sonevytsky family ended up in a displaced too often, technical pyrotechnics and self- persons camp in Munich. Here, in 1950, serving intellectualism obscure, or worse, Dr. Sonevytsky completed his musical entirely obliterate the visceral impact of a studies with a diploma in composition, con- piece of music. The best works, however, ducting and piano performance from the move us emotionally, spiritually, despite the State Musical Academy. Concurrently, he sophistication of their construction. Guided conducted the Ukrainian Opera Ensemble CARNEGIE RECITAL HALL by this principle in all his creative endeav- of B. Piurko, and was active as a piano ors, Dr. Sonevytsky has never lost sight of accompanist. 154 West 57th Street, New York City this basic artistic truth. The result has been a His musical activities were then once Saturday, September 24, 1977 at 2:30 P.M. consistent and convincing writing style that again interrupted, when he and his family gains momentum with every listening. emigrated to the United States that same It is a style especially well suited to sacred music – a primary focus of Dr. (Continued on page 15) Leaflet announcing Roman Rudnytsky’s performance at Carnegie Hall. 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 No. 2

AT T E N T I O N AT T E N T I O N ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 3 ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 24 Please be advised that Branch 3 has merged Please be advised that Branch 24 has merged with Branch 171 as of December 15, 1996. with Branch 161 as of January 1, 1997. All inquiries, monthly payments All inquiries, monthly payments SOCCER and the national team’s next encounter will be on March 29, an away match in and requests for changes should be sent to and requests for changes should be sent to Both Ukraine’s play and other teams’ Mrs. Genevieve Kufta, Branch Secretary: Mr. Nicholas Diakiwsky, Branch Secretary: Tirana against a weak Albanian side. match results suggest that it has a very As of December 26, 1996, the Group 9 Mrs. Genevieve Kufta Mr. Nicholas Diakiwsky good chance to qualify for the 1998 World standings are: 572 Avenue A 2065 Ridge Road Ext. Cup out of the very tough Group 9. Bayonne, NJ 07002 Ambridge, PA 15003 The Kyiv side’s defeat of Northern Team GP W T L Goals Pts (201) 436-7005 (412) 251-9266 Ireland in August shocked nobody, as the teams were evenly matched, but on Portugal 5 2 2 1 5-2 8 October 5, 1996, the yellow-and-blues Ukraine 3 2 0 1 3-2 6 AT T E N T I O N AT T E N T I O N scored a stunning upset of Portugal at Germany 3 1 2 0 6-2 5 ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 29 ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 52 home in the Ukrainian capital. 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The Ukrainians this: April 30 in Germany; May 7 in Kyiv, Mrs. Mary Bolosky, Branch Secretary: Mr. Peter Hawrylciw, Branch Secretary: showed complete mastery in the match, vs. Armenia; June 7 at home vs. narrowly missing a golden opportunity to Mrs. Mary Bolosky Mr. Peter Hawrylciw Germany; August 20 at home vs. Albania; go ahead by two at the 61st minute. 311 Wright Avenue 23 Karen Drive October 11 in Yerevan vs. Armenia. Then Luis Figo countered for the Kingston, PA 18704-4613 Ludlow, MA 01056 Portuguese 83 minutes into the match, only Websites seven from the end. This did not deflate the Pavel Karimov maintains a very well Ukrainian side as it has in the past, and they AT T E N T I O N AT T E N T I O N organized and nicely illustrated site, at didn’t settle for a single point. They kept h t t p : / / m u d d c s . c s . h m c . e d u / ~ p k a r i m o v / i n d e ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 73 ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 81 pressing and, five minutes later, Yurii x.html, which is billed as a Kyiv Dynamo Please be advised that Branch 73 has merged Please be advised that Branch 81 has merged Maksymov (a Kyiv Dynamo midfielder) “unofficial site” but is much more. with Branch 177 as of January 1, 1997. with Branch 55 as of January 1, 1997. sealed his side’s 2-1. For comprehensive although less visual- All inquiries, monthly payments All inquiries, monthly payments On November 9, 1996, Portugal ly appealing listings visit the “Ukrainian reasserted itself with a 1-0 victory over and requests for changes should be sent to and requests for changes should be sent to Football (Soccer)” website (http://pan- Ukraine in Porto. That day, however, was Mr. John Laba, Branch Secretary: Ms. Marianna Cizdyn, Branch Secretary: theon.cis.yale.edu/~mychola/f-ua.html). It not all bad news, as the Northern Irish includes spirited commentary by traveling Mr. John Laba Ms. Marianna Cizdyn held Germany to a 1-1 tie in a game in “ubolivalnyky” (fans, in Ukrainian) such 24 Cavalcade Blvd. 5422 Wasena Avenue Nuremberg hosted by the Teutons. as Taras Ciurak (e-mail address: Warwick, RI 02889-1605 Baltimore, MD 21225 The Ukrainian position got even better [email protected]), a history of Ukrainian on December 14, 1996, when Portugal football (an edited version of which and Germany played to a 0-0 draw in appeared in The Ukrainian Weekly during AT T E N T I O N AT T E N T I O N Lisbon. Portugal has taken the lead in the group, but Ukraine has a game in hand, (Continued on page 13) ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 122 ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 136 Please be advised that Branch 122 has merged Please be advised that Branch 136 has merged with Branch 238 as of January 1, 1997. with Branch 131 as of January 1, 1997. Field & Olesnycky All inquiries, monthly payments All inquiries, monthly payments and requests for changes should be sent to and requests for changes should be sent to Attorneys at Law Mrs. Anne Remick, Branch Secretary: Mr. Lew Bodnar, Branch Secretary: 11 Eagle Rock Ave., Suite 100 Mrs. Anne Remick Mr. Lew Bodnar East Hanover, N.J. 07936 10 Sunnyside Avenue 1120 S. Canfield Road (201) 386-1115 Canton, MA 02021 Park Ridge, IL 60068 Fax (201) 884-1188 (Three Miles North of Ramada Hotel, at Ridgedale Ave.) AT T E N T I O N AT T E N T I O N ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 150 ALL MEMBERS OF BRANCH 167 Representation of Small Businesses, Please be advised that Branch 150 has merged Please be advised that Branch 167 has merged Wills, Estates and Asset Protection, Commercial and Corporate Law, with Branch 253 as of January 1, 1997. with Branch 165 as of January 1, 1997. Real Estate and Family Law. All inquiries, monthly payments All inquiries, monthly payments and requests for changes should be sent to and requests for changes should be sent to (By prior appointment, on selected Fridays, between the hours of 5:00 P.M. and 7 P.M., Mr. Olesnycky Mr. Peter Hawrylciw, Branch Secretary: Mrs. Mary K. Pelechaty, Branch Secretary: will hold office hours at Self-Reliance Ukrainian Federal Credit Union, 558 Summit Ave., Jersey City, NJ. Mr. Peter Hawrylciw Mrs. Mary K. Pelechaty Please call (201) 386-1115 to make such appointments in advence) 23 Karen Drive 3318 Stickney Avenue Ludlow, MA 01056 Toledo, OH 43608 Nestor L. Olesnycky Robert S. Field

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at Kadoma, Japan, on December 5-8, Sportsline Dmytro Dmytrenko took third place (Continued from page 12) behind Canada’s Elvis Stojko (the win- the 1994 World Cup) and more. ner) and Russian Illia Kulik. Also at the The http://www.litech.lviv.ua/~jareky/ NHK, Ukrainian pair Irina Romanova jsoccer.html site contains a wealth of infor- and Ihor Yaroshenko took the bronze in mation, particularly on past national team, ice dance behind two French tandems. league and club stats, but is rather slow and Oksana’s tribulations cumbersome. On the other hand, reports about recent games in international play are On the professional circuit, Oksana more clearly presented and attributed. Baiul’s three-inch growth spurt and ongo- ing back problems seem to have seriously Indoor impaired her ability to land a jump. In the From November 24 to December 8, early going at the Auburn Hills, Mich., 1996, FIFA (soccer’s international gov- Ladies’ Professional Figure Skating erning body) held the World Indoor Championship in November 1996, Ms. Soccer Championship, known as FUT- Baiul’s dramatic “Colors of the Night” SAL (a contraction for Futbol Sala) in routine even garnered a perfect 6.0 for Spain. Ukraine made it to the semifinals artistic impression from one judge. after two stages of round-robin play, and However, the technical program, for Oleksander Moskaliuk was second in goal which Ms. Baiul performed her scoring (with 10), alone among a raft of “Arabian” routine (easily as artistic and high-powered Brazilians dominating the even more visually compelling) proved top five. her undoing. She attempted a triple loop, On December 6, 1996, Ukraine lost the triple salchow and a double axel, but semifinal to Spain 4-1. Two days later unfortunately had problems with all of Ukraine lost 3-2 to Russia in the third- them, falling on the first. Her technical place game, thus finished off the podium. and artistic marks ranged from 5.4s to Given that contests are held in hockey- 5.8s and were not high enough to qualify rink-like arena, many games were won her into the final. As the marks were read by a hockeyish, if not handballish score. out, coach Halyna Zmiyevska grimly sat The championship game was no excep- beside Ms. Baiul, while her charge tossed tion, won 6-4 by Brazil over Spain. her shock of shoulder-length blonde hair Happily, no fights broke out. and made goofy faces at the camera. All the while, Ms. Baiul remains a FIGURE SKATING marquee name on the circuit, and always The winter season brought back the draws sympathetic murmurs from televi- world’s bladers to a wide variety of rinks sion commentators. The December 22, around the world, and while some of the 1996, CBS broadcasts of the event hype surrounding figure skating appears included Christmas and New Year’s to be cooling off, Ukraine’s amateurs bilingual greetings from a besweatered remain competitive. former world and Olympic champion — At the NHK Trophy competition held in English and, distressingly, in Russian. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 No. 2

• The Dumka Ukrainian Chorus of New Kutia and Christmas... York, which recently gave a concert of (Continued from page 8) Ukrainian sacred music at Rutgers emotional conclusion. University (Kirkpatrick Chapel), is well The evening’s vocal soloists, whose into this season’s caroling songfests. The work was outstanding, included sopranos chorus sang at St. John Ukrainian Catholic Lydia Bychkova and Ms. Tretiak, mezzo- Church in Newark, N.J., on December 28, soprano Lubov Kanuka and tenor Femi 1996, and at St. Nicholas Church in Mustafaev. Among the instrumental Passaic, N.J., on January 5. New Yorkers soloists were Sophia Pavlenko, Natalia will be able to hear the group on January Kudritskaya and Simone Trenko, all of 12 at St. George Ukrainian Catholic whom displayed great talent. Church (1 p.m.) and at St. Patrick’s Mr. McMurrin provided excellent Cathedral, Fifth Avenue and 50th Street leadership and proved to be a charming (4:45 p.m.). A program of carols is sched- and knowledgeable commentator as well. uled for St. Vladimir Ukrainian Orthodox Throughout the evening, he preceded his Church on January 19 at noon. introduction of program numbers with • The Promin vocal ensemble per- information about Ukraine (“Ukraine is formed with other ethnic groups at Deer the second largest country in Europe,” it Lodge Mansion in Tenafly, N.J., on is “a wonderful country” with “intelligent December 8, 1996. Directed by Bohdanna people and incredible resources”). Wolansky, the ensemble appeared before In his final remarks he said, “I ask that an elite audience that included several you continue to pray for Ukraine; pray for U.N. ambassadors. Their program: our people, they are very poor. Our people Ukrainian carols, with “Shchedryk” on this stage earn about $60 a month.” included. The concert was given under the Mr. McMurrin and his wife, Dianne, auspices of pianist Florence Bocarius moved to Kyiv in 1992 with their Sahaidachny, a Ukrainian patriot and the teenage son Matthew to devote 10 years widow journalist Petro Sahaidachny. to presenting sacred classical music to • The glowing face of Olympic ice- the Ukrainian community. In addition to skating champion Oksana Baiul graces establishing the Kyiv Symphonic Choir the cover of the December 1996 issue of and Orchestra, they began to hold weekly Connecticut Magazine, currently in worship services, which were officially Barnes & Nobel bookstores and other registered in 1994 as the interdenomina- shops in the Big Apple. The 19-year-old tional Church of the Holy Trinity. Mr. blonde, who trains at the International McMurrin is the American pastor and Skating Center in Simsbury, Conn., is the Sasha Sikorsky is the Ukrainian pastor. subject of a long feature story “Oh Christmas treats Oksana” by Michelle Bodak, who found Ms. Baiul to be “eminently touchable,

welfare, monetary restraint to maintain U k r a i n e ’s security. . . low inflation, land privatization and (Continued from page 2) reduction of the number of strategic output and GDP by 1.7 percent in 1997, enterprises from the list of firms ineligi- as is also forecast within the draft 1997 ble for privatization (this includes over budget. It is hoped that this, in turn, will 5,000 firms). The Ukrainian Parliament raise average wages by 29 percent. is also likely to follow the path of other Over all, this government plan is prob- post-Communist countries by introduc- ably unrealistic. Although the rate of ing a new election law that would pro- decline of industrial output will undoubt- vide for 50 percent of the seats elected by edly continue to slow, it is still not cer- majority and 50 percent elected accord- tain whether 1997 will witness Ukraine’s ing to political party lists. During 1997 The new year is upon us first year of growth. there will be much jockeying on the eve On the inflation side, Ukraine’s of parliamentary elections scheduled for prospects look far better for 1997. The March 1998. Rukh has already launched and now is a great time ideological underpinning of the govern- its election campaign; discussions ment’s economic program reflects the undoubtedly will be heated about the to think about tomorrow. Kuchma-Lazarenko approach to reform need for mergers and the formation of by supporting domestic producers election blocs. through state (nomenklatura) capitalism. Crimea will continue to remain paci- UNA offers many ways The adoption of the Constitution fied after the collapse of support for sep- marks Ukraine as following the Central aratism in 1994-1995. Kyiv has contin- to save for tomorrow. European/Baltic – not Eurasian – path of ued to consolidate its grip over Crimean political reform. In contrast to CIS mem- affairs, which largely precludes a ber-states, Ukraine’s Constitution has not resumption of large-scale separatist agi- *Retirement Plans divested Parliament of power or created tation. A new Crimea Constitution is an authoritarian executive. President likely to be adopted in 1997 that will Leonid Kuchma, therefore, will have to confirm Ukrainian sovereignty over the *Low-cost Life insurance continue to take heed of the Verkhovna peninsula for the first time. Nevertheless, Rada as a policy-making and policy- Russian rejection of Ukrainian sover- *Mortgage Programs commenting institution. President eignty over Sevastopol, which is likely to Kuchma will continue to rely upon both grow into claims towards the entire the center-left (his constituency) and the Crimean peninsula, may revive some Use this time center-right in the Rada to ensure legisla- local separatist sentiment. This, though, tive majorities in favor of reform. is unlikely to become a serious security Key areas of conflict with the left in threat to Ukraine’s territorial integrity, to review your financial goals! Parliament are likely to be cuts in social unless 1997 witnesses a change in the

of his choice. Call UNA — (800) 253-9862 Ukrainian National... At its first meeting, the UN Foundation (Continued from page 5) decided to allocate $19,000 for the printing There will also be a fund-raising drive in Ukraine of the popular children’s tale to collect donations from the UNA mem- “Ivasyk Telesyk.” The foundation will “SHE LIVES IN OUR HEARTS” sponsor the UNA projects English honoring movie star SEND THE WEEKLY bership in support of the UNA’s founda- Helen Sherban Lapica TO UKRAINE tion. Letters will be sent to all UNA Teachers for Ukraine and the Summer NEW BOOK branch secretaries and its 60,000 mem- Institute on Current Methods and Practices To order an air mail subscription to The in English and Ukrainian bers requesting donations; an appeal for of TESOL (Teachers of English to Ukrainian Weekly for addressees in Ukraine, Just published in Kyiv donations will be published in both offi- Speakers of Other Languages). $3 plus $1.50 postage send $160 for subscription fee and postage cial publications, Svoboda and The The Ukrainian National Foundation 118 pages, illustrated costs to: Subscription Department, Ukrainian Weekly. The foundation will will soon be mailing a booklet describing Helen Sherban Lapica Fund The Ukrainian Weekly, 7418 Whitegate Ave. have various projects in progress, and in greater detail its projects, aims and 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ 0 7 3 0 2 . Riverside, CA 92506 anyone may opt to donate to the project activities. No. 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 15

ting in the Catskills. In between, he wrote other Ukrainian cities. Simultaneously, they known Dr. Sonevytsky and his music are A 70th birthday. . . music, albeit much less than he would have were performed in Ukraine by leading not at all surprised by his most recent suc- (Continued from page 11) preferred. As a leading musical citizen of choirs, instrumental ensembles and soloists cesses. If anything, we feel somewhat year. Life as an emigré in the United States the Ukrainian community in the United to the great acclaim of Ukrainian audiences, guilty for taking 40 years to realize what forced Dr. Sonevytsky to branch out his States, Dr. Sonevytsky has had to wear the press and critics. our counterparts in Ukraine discovered musical activities. He helped organize the many hats, and the composer’s hat often With the publication of a collection of his after just five. As we finally examine and Ukrainian Music Institute, and served as its had to wait its turn. He did, however, man- solo songs in 1993 by the Ukrainian State appreciate his life’s work, we can at least director from 1959 to 1961. In the next two age to write incidental music to no less than Publishing House Muzychna Ukraina, Dr. take solace in the fact that, by all indica- decades he conducted five different 29 productions of the acclaimed Theatre Sonevytsky became the first Ukrainian emi- tions, this energetic, optimistic and good- Ukrainian choirs, organized and directed a Studio of Lydia Krushelnytsky, an opera, a gré composer to be published in his home- natured 70-year-old has no intention of Ukrainian string orchestra and opera ballet, some chamber music, a series of land. Two years later, his one-act opera slowing down. There is still much more ensemble, taught private students, wrote piano works and an impressive catalogue of “The Star” was published by this same firm. beautiful music in his soul, most of which, over 500 music-related articles for various choral and vocal music. Also in 1995, the Lviv Composers, Union we trust, will find its way onto the printed newspapers and periodicals, wrote several When Ukraine became independent in published a 100-page monograph on Dr. page and compact disc, into the concert hall books, edited many others, and accompa- August of 1991, almost immediately lead- Sonevytsky’s life and works, written by and into our hearts. nied a variety of singers, recording several ing Ukrainian musicians began to seek out musicologist Stefania Pavlyshyn. Other Dr. Sonevytsky, as you continue along LPs of vocal music with them. and champion Dr. Sonevytsky’s works. In publications are scheduled as well. It your musical journey, we ask that for the In 1983, he organized and became presi- recent years, several of his compositions appears that after 46 long years Ihor duration of your trip, you dust off and don dent of The Music and Art Center of received their world premieres at the Sonevytsky the composer has once again that last hat – the hat of the composer. We, Greene County, where every summer Grazhda in Hunter, N.Y., performed by found his home. in turn, will eagerly listen, because the world-class artists perform in an idyllic set- world-class artists from Kyiv, Lviv and Here in the West, those of us who have music speaks for itself. Kuropas column... (Continued from page 7) I personally believe that if the pope does visit Ukraine, Patriarch Filaret and Celebrate The New the bishops of the Kyiv Patriarchate will be the only Orthodox bishops present at any of the pope’s appearances. Year I find absolutely nothing wrong with Patriarch Filaret’s statement that the “time has not yet arrived for him (the pope) to The holidays are a time for gift-giving. come here (Ukraine).” As a concerned Church leader, does Patriarch Filaret not have the right to express his opinion? He did not malign the pope or the Catholic Church. He simply stated that he felt this was not the best time for the pope’s visit. The same situation existed in the United States 35 years ago. I remember the Protestants opposing John F. Kennedy because he was Catholic. On a parish orga- nization bus tour of Amish country, the guide informed us that the Amish do not vote in elections, with one exception. They came out to vote against Kennedy, for fear that the pope would gain control of American politics. As ridiculous as it sounds, at that time it was a very great concern for many people. Could you imagine a papal visit to America following Kennedy’s election? Ukraine, in its spiritual rebirth, has not yet reached the stage to which we in America are accustomed. In Ukraine, the pope is not looked upon in the same light as he is in the West. For many Ukrainians, the word “pope,” especially in eastern Ukraine, conjures up the same visions that the Amish held in the States in the 60s. Unfortunately, a similar situation exists between the Vatican and Moscow. I was present when a nun from the Ukrainian Catholic Church visited the Kyiv Patriarchate with a greeting on the enthro- nization of Patriarch Volodymyr in October of 1993. No Catholic clergy attended the enthronization because the Ukrainian Catholic Church did not want to harm its relations with the Vatican, fearing that Give a gift subscription to The Ukrainian Weekly for a year, Moscow would protest any participation. Perhaps, Dr. Kuropas, “the time has not or half a year. yet arrived,” but let us fully understand the present situation in Ukraine. As we approach the third millennium, let us pray that both the Vatican and Constantinople YES, SEND A GIFT SUBSCRIPTION TO (please check one): ❏ THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY ❏ SVOBODA will cease their fear of Moscow and take the bold steps of recognizing an THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SVOBODA Autocephalous Orthodox Church and rec- RATES UNA MEMBER NON-MEMBER UNA MEMBER NON-MEMBER ognize the title of patriarch for the leader of ANNUAL $40.00 $60.00 $75.00 $100.00 the Greek-Catholic Church in a free and SEMI-ANNUAL $25.00 $35.00 $40.00 $60.00 independent Ukraine. QUARTERLY N/A N/A $22.00 $33.00 Such recognition will have a far greater effect on the faithful of Ukraine then will a F o r: ______three-day papal visit. Address: ______

GOV’T FORECLOSED homes from pennies From: ______on $1. Delinquent Tax, Repo’s, REO’s. (All payments in US funds only) Your Area. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY and SVOBODA are published by Toll Free 1-800-218-9000 THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 12, 1997 No. 2

PREVIEW OF EVENTS Air Ukraine Thursday-Sunday, January 16-26 YARDVILLE, N.J.: St. George Ukrainian Orthodox Church invites the public to its NEW YORK: La Mama Experimental National Airlines traditional New Year’s Eve “malanka,” to Theater presents the Yara Arts Group in be held in the church hall, 839 Yardville- “Virtual Souls,” inspired by Oleh Lysheha’s Allentown Road, starting at 9 p.m. Music poem “Swan” and featuring the music and will be by Fata Morgana. Admission, which NON-STOP FLIGHTS myth of the Buryat people who live in includes buffet: $20, adults; $10, students. Siberia near Lake Baikal. Also included is For more information call Natalka Posewa, Japanese, Ukrainian and American poetry. (609) 259-2763. NEW YORK - KYIV — Fridays and Sundays “Virtual Souls” will be presented at La Mama’s Annex Theater, 74A E. Fourth St., Sunday, January 26 Thursdays through Sundays at 7:30 p.m.; For information and reservations, please call: matinees on Sundays at 3 p.m. Tickets are NEW YORK: The Ukrainian American available at La Mama Annex. The box Professionals and Business Persons office number is (212) 475-7710. Association of New York and New Jersey 1-800-UKRAINE in association with the Ukrainian Student Saturday-Monday, January 18-20 Association in the United States of (1-800-857-2463) LEHIGHTON, Pa.: The Zaporozhian America (USA/USA) present an address Brotherhood of Upper Lehigh will sponsor by Yuri Gleba, director, International its first Pocono Holiday Ski Weekend at Institute of Cell Biology, Kyiv, and plant or our corporate offices: the Ukrainian Homestead. The package, at manager, bio-technology research group $65 per person, includes lift tickets to Blue at American Cyanamid, Princeton, N.J., New York - (212) 557-3077 Mountain or Montage Ski areas, motel who will speak on the topic “What is the New York - (212) 599-0555 accommodations (double occupancy), and Future of Science and Scientific Research full breakfast and dinner. For additional in Ukraine?” Mr. Gleba, the youngest Chicago - (312) 640-0222 information and reservations call Eugene member of the presidium of the Ukrainian A. Luciw, (610) 262-0807. National Academy of Sciences, has actively promoted both international peer Arrival and departure information: Sunday, January 19 review of all Ukrainian research teams, as WHIPPANY, N.J.: The local branch of well as reform of the Academy of JFK - (718) 656-9896 the Ukrainian American Youth Sciences, which runs Ukraine’s 160 JFK - (718) 632-6909 Association — SUM-A invites the public research institutes. The presentation will to its annual “yalynka” at St. John be held at the Ukrainian Institute of Ukrainian Catholic Church Hall, Route 10 America, 2 E. 79th St., at 3 p.m. There and Jefferson Road, at 3 p.m. The evening will be an open discussion and a wine Air Ukraine includes a traditional Christmas Eve din- reception will follow. Admission: mem- 551 Fifth Ave., Suite 1002, 1005 ner and a performance by the young mem- bers, $8; non-members, $10; students, free. For additional information call Walt New York, NY 10176 bers of SUM-A. For more information call Michael Koziupa, (201) 984-9132. Chudowsky, (212) 580-2804. For cargo shipments call to: Saturday, January 25 Monday, January 27 ASHLAND, Ore.: The Leontovych E D M O N T O N : The Canadian Institute of Air Ukraine - Cargo String Quartet — Yuri Mazurkevich, first Ukrainian Studies at the University of violin; Yuri Kharenko, second violin; Alberta is holding a lecture, as part of its Tel. 718-376-1023, FAX 718-376-1073 Boris Deviatov, viola; Volodymyr spring seminar series, by Dr. Andrij 2307 Coney Island Ave. (Ave.T), Brooklyn, NY 11223 Panteleyev, cello — will appear in concert Hornjatkevyc, University of Alberta, who at the Southern Oregon State College will speak on the topic “‘Pobut’ of the Musical Building Recital Hall in a pro- ‘Kobzari’ and ‘Lirnyky’ as Reflected in their gram of works by Schubert, Svoboda and Secret Language.” The lecture will be held Shostakovich. Performance time: 8 p.m. in the CIUS Library, 352 Athabasca Hall, at COMMITTEE FOR AID TO UKRAINE Ticket prices: $19 and $21. 3:30 p.m. CENTRAL NEW JERSEY BRANCH PLEASE NOTE: Preview items must be received one week before desired date of publication. No information will be taken over the phone. Preview items will be pub- INVITES EVERYONE TO lished only once (please indicate desired date of publication). All items are published at the discretion of the editorial staff and in accordance with available space.

SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1997 UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX FEDERAL CREDIT UNION Working Together With Our Members Into The Year 1997 and Beyond!

AT THE UKRAINIAN CULTURAL CENTER • Third Annual Children’s Christmas Promotion for all children (members and • non-members) sixteen years of age and under (From 12/15/96 - 1/31/97). IN SOUTH BOUND BROOK, NEW JERSEY • Regular share Accounts/IRAs/Certificates of Deposit/Money Market Accounts. • First Mortgage Loans/Second Mortgage Loans/Home Equity Loans. • Consumer/Auto Loans. THE FESTIVITIES WILL BEGIN AT 6:30 P.M. • Commercial Loans. • Share Draft (Checking) Accounts. TO THE LIVELY MUSIC OF • Direct Deposit. • Notary Public. • ATM Cards (Beginning Jan. ‘97). • Safe Deposit Boxes (New York location only beginning Jan. ‘97). “FATA MORGANA” Come and See how your credit union can help you achieve your financial objectives! Call today for more information or visit our Web Site at http://www.undp.org/missions/ukraine/credit or e-mail us at [email protected] HOR’S DOEUVRES, COCKTAILS, CASH BAR, HOT DINNER, LATE EVENING COLD BUFFET AND RAFFLE LOCATED IN TWO CONVENIENT LOCATIONS IN THE NY METROPOLITAN AREA! Main Office: 215 Second Ave., New York, N.Y. 10003; Tel.: (212) 533-2980, Fax: (212) 995-5204 Branch Office: 35 Main Street, South Bound Brook, N.J. 08880; Tel.: (908) 469-9085, Fax: (908) 469-9165 PROFIT FROM TICKET SALES Office Hours (Both Locations) Tuesday - Thursday 9:00 AM - 4:00 PM Friday 9:00 AM - 3:00 PM; 5:00 PM - 7:00 PM TO BENEFIT UKRAINE Saturday 9:00 AM - 1:00 PM

Tickets in advance are $35.00 per person, students with I.D. $25.00 Tickets at the door: $40.00 per person, Students with I.D. $30.00 PACKAGES TO UKRAINE

Please call: $ .55 per Lb

St. Andrew’s Credit Union - Tel.: (908) 469-9085 DNIPRO CO Damian Gecha - Tel.: (908) 755-8156 NEWARK, NJ P H I L A D E L P H I A CLIFTON, NJ Rev. John Lyszyk - Tel.: (908) 825-6720 698 Sanford Ave 1801 Cottman Ave 565 Clifton Ave Yuri Wedmid - Tel.: (908) 563-2690 Tel. 201-373-8783 Tel. 215-728-6040 Tel. 201-916-1543 George Mischenko - Tel.: (908) 671-1914 *Pick up service available