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www.bjmh.org.uk British Journal for Military History Volume 6, Issue 3, November 2020 Cover photo: Visit of General De Gaulle and Admiral Muselier to a naval port. 1940, The head of the Free French Forces, General Charles De Gaulle, accompanied by Admiral Muselier, visited French ships manned by members of the Free French Naval Forces at a British port. On board the French sloop La Moquese. Photo © Imperial War Museum A 2172 www.bjmh.org.uk BRITISH JOURNAL FOR MILITARY HISTORY EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD The Editorial Team gratefully acknowledges the support of the British Journal for Military History’s Editorial Advisory Board the membership of which is as follows: Chair: Prof Alexander Watson (Goldsmiths, University of London, UK) Dr Laura Aguiar (Public Record Office of Northern Ireland / Nerve Centre, UK) Dr Andrew Ayton (Keele University, UK) Prof Tarak Barkawi (London School of Economics, UK) Prof Ian Beckett (University of Kent, UK) Dr Huw Bennett (University of Cardiff, UK) Prof Martyn Bennett (Nottingham Trent University, UK) Dr Matthew Bennett (University of Winchester, UK) Dr Philip W. Blood (Member, BCMH, UK) Prof Brian Bond (King’s College London, UK) Dr Timothy Bowman (University of Kent, UK; Member BCMH, UK) Ian Brewer (Treasurer, BCMH, UK) Dr Ambrogio Caiani (University of Kent, UK) Prof Antoine Capet (University of Rouen, France) Dr Erica Charters (University of Oxford, UK) Sqn Ldr (Ret) Rana TS Chhina (United Service Institution of India, India) Dr Gemma Clark (University of Exeter, UK) Dr Marie Coleman (Queens University Belfast, UK) Prof Mark Connelly (University of Kent, UK) Seb Cox (Air Historical Branch, UK) Dr Selena Daly (Royal Holloway, University of London, UK) Dr Susan Edgington (Queen Mary University of London, UK) Prof Catharine Edwards (Birkbeck, University of London, UK) Prof Alison Fell (University of Leeds, UK) Jonathan Ferguson (Royal Armouries, UK) Dr Jane Finucane (University of South Wales, UK) Dr Matthew Ford (Founding Editor of BJMH; University of Sussex, UK) Dr Isla Forsyth (University of Nottingham, UK) Dr Aimée Fox (King's College London, UK) Prof Yvonne Friedman (Bar-Ilan University, Israel) Dr Niamh Gallagher (University of Cambridge, UK) Dr Stefan Goebel (University of Kent, UK) Dr Christina Goulter (JSCSC; King’s College London, UK) Andy Grainger (Secretary-General, BCMH, UK) Dr Allen C Guelzo (Princeton University, USA) Dr Meleah Hampton (Australian War Memorial, Australia) Dr Emma Hanna (University of Kent, UK) Dr Rebecca Herman (University of California Berkeley, USA) Prof Carole Hillenbrand (St Andrews University, UK) www.bjmh.org.uk Prof Matthew Hughes (Brunel University, UK) Alan Jeffreys (Imperial War Museum, London, UK) Prof Heather Jones (University College London, UK) Lt Gen (Ret) Sir John Kiszely (Changing Character of War Centre, Pembroke College, University of Oxford, UK) Dr Sylvie Kleinman (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland) Dr Halik Kochanski (Independent Scholar & Member, BCMH, UK) Dr Ariel Mae Lambe (University of Connecticut, USA) Dr Elisabeth Leake (University of Leeds, UK) Dr Elli Lemonidou (University of Patras, Greece) Dr Peter Lieb (Centre for Military History and Social Sciences of the Bundeswehr, Germany) Prof Charlotte MacDonald (Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand) Dr Jenny Macleod (University of Hull, UK) Dr Jessica Meyer (University of Leeds, UK) Dr Alisa Miller (King's College London, UK) Prof Rana Mitter (University of Oxford, UK) Dr Michelle R. Moyd (Indiana University Bloomington, USA) Dr Richard R. Muller (US Air Force School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, USA) Dr Oonagh Murphy (Goldsmiths, University of London, UK) Prof Michael S. Neiberg (US Army War College, USA) Dr Emma Newlands (University of Strathclyde, UK) Prof Helen Nicholson (Cardiff University, UK) Prof Jane Ohlmeyer (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland) Dr Eleanor O'Keeffe (Historic Royal Palaces, UK) Dr Declan O’Reilly (University of East Anglia, UK) Prof Douglas Peers (University of Waterloo, Canada) Prof William Philpott (King's College London; President, BCMH, UK) Stephen Prince (Naval Historical Branch, UK) Prof Andrew Roberts (King’s College London, UK) Prof Guy Rowlands (University of St Andrews, UK; Member, BCMH, UK) Dr Laury Sarti (Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany) Dr Lynsey Shaw Cobden (Air Historical Branch, UK) Prof Gary Sheffield (University of Wolverhampton, UK) Dr Claudia Siebrecht (University of Sussex, UK) Dr Andy Simpson (Member, BCMH, UK) Prof Natalia Sobrevilla Perea (University of Kent, UK) Dr Beth C Spacey (University of Queensland, Australia) Prof Sir Hew Strachan (University of St Andrews, UK) Dr Andrekos Varnava (Flinders University, Australia) Dr Jennifer Wellington (University College Dublin, Ireland) www.bjmh.org.uk BRITISH JOURNAL FOR MILITARY HISTORY Founding Editor (2014–18): Dr Matthew Ford, University of Sussex, UK Volume 6, Issue 3 November 2020 EDITORIAL TEAM Co-editors: Prof Richard S. Grayson, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK Dr Erica Wald, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK Managing Dr William Butler, The National Archives, UK Editors: Dr Rachel Chin, University of Glasgow, UK Dr Kate Imy, University of North Texas, USA Dr Mahon Murphy, Kyoto University, Japan Dr Erin Scheopner, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK Dr Yu Suzuki, Kyoto University, Japan Alasdair Urquhart, British Commission for Military History, UK George Wilton, British Commission for Military History, UK Book Reviews Dr Rosie Kennedy, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK Editor: THE BCMH LOGO: The BCMH logo is based on the combination of Mars & Clio, the Roman God of War and the Greek Muse of History. It depicts Mars with his spear whilst Clio stands before him reading from a book. www.bjmh.org.uk CONTACT US Find us online at: www.bjmh.org.uk Letters and communications to the Co-editors should be sent to: [email protected] or Prof Richard Grayson Department of History Goldsmiths, University of London London SE14 6NW UK Follow the British Commission for Military History and British Journal for Military History on: Twitter [@BritJnlMilHist] Online [www.bjmh.org.uk] British Journal for Military History – ISSN: 2057-0422 DOI: 10.25602/GOLD.bjmh.v6i3 ©BJMH, 2020 www.bjmh.org.uk CONTENTS EDITORIAL 1 Articles WHO SPEAKS FOR FRANCE? VICHY, FREE FRANCE AND THE BATTLE OVER FRENCH LEGITIMACY: 1940-1942 By Rachel Chin 2 ‘EVERYBODY TO BE ARMED’: ITALIAN NAVAL PERSONNEL AND THE AXIS OCCUPATION OF BORDEAUX, 1940–1943 by Alex Henry 23 A ‘LACK OF MORAL FIBRE’ IN ROYAL AIR FORCE BOMBER COMMAND AND POPULAR CULTURE by Dan Ellin 42 ANNE-MARIE WALTERS VS. GEORGE STARR: REFLECTIONS ON GENDERED REPRESENTATIONS WITHIN THE SPECIAL OPERATIONS EXECUTIVE by Raphaële Balu 66 FORGOTTEN CHINDITS – 23 BRITISH INFANTRY BRIGADE By George Wilton 85 THE POLITICS OF COMMEMORATION: BRITAIN AND D-DAY, 1984-1994 by Janet S. K. Watson 128 Research Notes BETWEEN PROPAGANDA AND FACTICITY: NEWS-REPORTING OF NON- WHITE SERVICE IN THE WORLD WARS by Rishika Yadav 141 BRITISH NEWSREELS AT WAR, 1939-45: A SIGNIFICANT SOURCE FOR SCHOLARS By Grace E. Stephenson 148 www.bjmh.org.uk THE SECOND WORLD WAR ARCHIVES OF THE INSTITUT FRANÇAIS DU ROYAUME UNI, LONDON by Charlotte Faucher 155 NARA ESCAPE AND EVASION REPORTS by Valerie Deacon 163 A SEPARATE PEACE? RECONSIDERING POST-CONFLICT MILITARY OCCUPATIONS By Dayna Barnes 168 Reviews MATTHEW WOODCOCK & CIAN O’MAHONY, EARLY MODERN MILITARY IDENTITIES 1560-1639: REALITY AND REPRESENTATION Reviewed by Shahid Hussain 178 QUINTIN COLVILLE & JAMES DAVEY (EDS.), A NEW NAVAL HISTORY Reviewed by John T. Kuehn 180 MICHAEL BROWN, ANNA MARIA BARRY AND JOANNE BEGIATO, (EDS.), MARTIAL MASCULINITIES: EXPERIENCING AND IMAGINING THE MILITARY IN THE LONG NINETEENTH CENTURY Reviewed by Steven J Burke 182 PETER DUFFELL, GURKHA ODYSSEY: CAMPAIGNING FOR THE CROWN Reviewed by Stuart Crawford 184 NIAMH GALLAGHER, IRELAND AND THE GREAT WAR: A SOCIAL AND POLITICAL HISTORY Reviewed by Richard S. Grayson 186 DON FARR, A BATTLE TOO FAR; ARRAS 1917 Reviewed by Andrew Lock 187 DAVID SWIFT AND OLIVER WILKINSON (EDS.), VETERANS OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR: EX-SERVICEMEN AND EX-SERVICEWOMEN IN POST-WAR BRITAIN AND IRELAND Reviewed by Richard S. Grayson 189 www.bjmh.org.uk ROBERT FORCZYK, CASE WHITE: THE INVASION OF POLAND, 1939; ROGER MOORHOUSE, FIRST TO FIGHT: THE POLISH WAR, 1939 Reviewed by Charles Esdaile 190 HELEN FRY, THE WALLS HAVE EARS: THE GREATEST INTELLIGENCE OPERATION OF WORLD WAR II Reviewed by Adrian Phillips 193 GREG BAUGHEN, RAF ON THE OFFENSIVE: THE REBIRTH OF TACTICAL AIR POWER 1940-1941 Reviewed by Matthew Powell 195 IAN MITCHELL, THE BATTLE OF THE PEAKS AND LONG STOP HILL: TUNISIA, APRIL-MAY 1943 Reviewed by Phil Curme 197 Submission Guidelines SUBMISSION GUIDELINES 199 BJMH STYLE GUIDE 204 www.bjmh.org.uk This page is intentionally left blank www.bjmh.org.uk EDITORIAL * EDITORIAL Although not our usual kind of ‘special issue’, this edition of the BJMH has its articles and research notes entirely focused on the Second World War. We have, in the past two years, gathered a wide range of pieces on the war. As 2020 marks the 75th anniversary of the war’s end, it seemed both opportune and appropriate to publish them together. In so doing, we are delighted to offer pieces covering a wide range of aspects of the war and reflecting multiple approaches to military history. These demonstrate how military history is evolving and how it connects to the study of history more widely. Three of our articles address occupied France, venturing into the history of covert operations, the question of political legitimacy and the Italian occupation. Other pieces examine an under-studied aspect of the Chindits, ‘moral fibre’ (or a lack of it) in RAF Bomber Command, and more recent issues around memory of the war – and the political uses of it. In March, we announced that we would be introducing shorter Research Notes, and we present here five Notes also dealing with the Second World War. These highlight a range of different approaches which can be used for Research Notes, and we hope they will inspire others to contribute similar pieces.
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