Harships and Downfall by Giovanni Verardi.Indd
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The Call of the Siren: Bod, Baútisos, Baîtai, and Related Names (Studies in Historical Geography II)
The Call of the Siren: Bod, Baútisos, Baîtai, and Related Names (Studies in Historical Geography II) Bettina Zeisler (Universität Tübingen) 1. Introduction eographical or ethnical names, like ethnical identities, are like slippery fishes: one can hardly catch them, even less, pin them G down for ever. The ‘Germans’, for example, are called so only by English speakers. The name may have belonged to a tribe in Bel- gium, but was then applied by the Romans to various tribes of North- ern Europe.1 As a tribal or linguistic label, ‘German (ic)’ also applies to the English or to the Dutch, the latter bearing in English the same des- ignation that the Germans claim for themselves: ‘deutsch’. This by the way, may have meant nothing but ‘being part of the people’.2 The French call them ‘Allemands’, just because one of the many Germanic – and in that case, German – tribes, the Allemannen, settled in their neighbourhood. The French, on the other hand, are called so, because a Germanic and, in that case again, German tribe, the ‘Franken’ (origi- nally meaning the ‘avid’, ‘audacious’, later the ‘free’ people) moved into France, and became the ruling elite.3 The situation is similar or even worse in other parts of the world. Personal names may become ethnic names, as in the case of the Tuyu- hun. 4 Names of neighbouring tribes might be projected onto their overlords, as in the case of the Ḥaža, who were conquered by the Tuyuhun, the latter then being called Ḥaža by the Tibetans. Ethnic names may become geographical names, but then, place names may travel along with ethnic groups. -
Invest in Afghan Women: a Report on Education in Afghanistan a Checkered History
INVEST IN AFGHAN WOMEN: — A REPORT ON — EDUCATION IN AFGHANISTAN Presented by the George W. Bush Institute’s Women’s Initiative OCTOBER 2O13 “I HOPE AMERICANS WILL JOIN OUR FAMILY IN WORKING TO INVEST IN AFGHAN GIRLS ENSURE THAT DIGNITY AND OPPORTUNITY WILL BE SECURED FOR ALL THE WOMEN AND CHILDREN OF AFGHANISTAN.” In October 2012, a Taliban operative shot 15-year-old Pakistani student Malala Yousafzai in the face and neck while she traveled — MRS. LAURA BUSH home on a school bus. The assassination attempt was punishment for her “crime” of advocating for girls’ education. After surgeons repaired her shattered skull, Malala made a full recovery. And on July 12, 2013, she gave a rousing speech at the United Nations, becoming a global voice for girls’ access to education. Malala’s story is inspiring, but unfortunately the evils she’s combating are all too common in her region of the world. Just next door, in Afghanistan, religious fanaticism and deeply entrenched cultural practices have led to the systematic oppression of women and young girls. The Afghan situation is particularly desperate. While her peers in the United States prepare for their freshman year of high school, a typical 14-year-old Afghan girl has already been forced to leave formal education and is at acute risk of mandated marriage and early motherhood. If she beats the odds and attends school, she has reason to fear an attack on her schoolhouse with grenades or poison. A full 76 percent of her countrywomen have never attended school. And only 12.6 percent can read. -
The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study
The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 The Silk Roads An ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 International Council of Monuments and Sites 11 rue du Séminaire de Conflans 94220 Charenton-le-Pont FRANCE ISBN 978-2-918086-12-3 © ICOMOS All rights reserved Contents STATES PARTIES COVERED BY THIS STUDY ......................................................................... X ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... XI 1 CONTEXT FOR THIS THEMATIC STUDY ........................................................................ 1 1.1 The purpose of the study ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background to this study ......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Global Strategy ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Cultural routes ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.3 Serial transnational World Heritage nominations of the Silk Roads .................................................. 3 1.2.4 Ittingen expert meeting 2010 ........................................................................................................... 3 2 THE SILK ROADS: BACKGROUND, DEFINITIONS -
Remarks About the History of the Sarvāstivāda Buddhism
ROCZNIK ORIENTALISTYCZNY, T. LXVII, Z. 1, 2014, (s. 255–268) CHARLES WILLEMEN Remarks about the History of the Sarvāstivāda Buddhism Abstract Study about the history of a specific Buddhist monastic lineage known as “Sarvāstivāda” based on an overview of the history of its literature. Keywords: Sarvāstivāda, Buddhism, schism, Mahāyāna, Abhidharma, India, Gandhāra All scholars agree that the Sarvāstivāda (“Proclaiming that Everything Exists”) Buddhism was strong in India’s north-western cultural area. All agree that there was the first and seminal schism between the Sthaviravāda and the Mahāsāṅghika. However, many questions still remain to be answered. For instance, when did the first schism take place? Where exactly in India’s north-western area? We know what the Theravāda tradition has to say, but this is the voice of just one Buddhist tradition. Jibin 罽賓 The Chinese term Jibin is used to designate the north-western cultural area of India. For many years it has been maintained by Buddhist scholars that it is a phonetic rendering of a Prakrit word for Kaśmīra. In 2009 Seishi Karashima wrote that Jibin is a Chinese phonetic rendering of Kaśpīr, a Gāndhārī form of Kaśmīra.1 In 1993 Fumio Enomoto postulated that Jibin is a phonetic rendering of Kapiśa (Kāpiśī, Bagram).2 Historians have long held a different view. In his article of 1996 János Harmatta said that in the seventh century Jibin denoted the Kapiśa-Gandhāra area.3 For this opinion he relied on 1 Karashima 2009: 56–57. 2 Enomoto 1993: 265–266. 3 Harmatta (1996) 1999: 371, 373–379. 256 CHARLES WILLEMEN Édouard Chavannes’s work published in 1903. -
The Apsidal Temple of Taxila
T HE THE APSIDAL TEMPLE OF TAXILA: A TRADITIONAL HYPOTHESIS AND PSIDA L POSSIBLE NEW INTERPRETATIONS T EMP L E Luca Colliva O F T AXI L A The so called ‘apsidal temple’ of Sirkap is an imposing building belonging, according to Marshall, : T RADI to the Indo-Parthian period (Figure 1) (Marshall 1951, 150-151). It is built over an artificial terrace T facing the main street in the northern part of the town and was brought to light by John Marshall at IONA th the beginning of the last century after some minor excavations during the 19 century. Unlike his L H predecessors, who were very doubtful about its nature (Cunningham 1871, 126-128), Marshall identified YPO T this building as a Buddhist gr. ha-stūpa (Marshall 1930, 111; Marshall 1951, 150); this interpretation HESIS has indeed never been questioned and is accepted, also, in the last study on urban form in Taxila A (Coningham & Edwards 1998, 50). ND However, we cannot deem this attribution certain. No traces are detectable of the main stūpa P OSSIB Marshall recognises in the ‘circular room’ (Marshall 1951, 151). Besides, what Marshall describes as L E two additional stūpas are nothing but scanty remains of foundations belonging to two monuments N of uncertain nature. As I already pointed out in a more exhaustive way (Colliva in press), Marshall EW I was probably convinced that the apsidal shape of this building was enough to identify it as a N T Buddhist caitya. The discovery at Sonkh of an apsidal-shaped temple, probably dedicated to a nāga ERPRE cult, shows, on the contrary, that non-Buddhist religious buildings with an apsidal plan occur in T A T periods chronologically consistent with that of the “apsidal temple” of Sirkap (Härtel 1970; Härtel IONS 1993). -
Afghanistan: an Overview
Afghanistan: An Overview by Iraj Bashiri copyright 2002 General information Location and Terrain Afghanistan is a mountainous country centered primarily around the Hindu Kush range of mountains. Nearly three quarters of the country is covered by mountains that range in height anywhere between 3,000 to 4,000 feet. Afghanistan is bound to the north by the three republics of Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan; to the east by Tajikistan and China; to the south by Pakistan; and to the west by Iran. The inhabitants of the kingdom live in the river valleys created by the Kabul, Harirud, Andarab, and Hirmand rivers. The economy of Afghanistan is based on wet and dry farming as well as on herding. Afghanistan Overview Topography and Climate The weather in Afghanistan is varied depending on climatic zones. Generally, the winters are cold to mild (32 to 45 F.) and the summers (75 to 90 F.) are hot with no precipitation. No doubt Afghan topography and climate greatly impact transportation and social mobility and hampers the country's progress towards independence and nationhood. Ethnic Mix In 1893, when the Duran line was drawn and modern Afghanistan was created, the region of present-day Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was populated by two main ethnic groups: Indo-European and Turkish. Some pockets of Arab nomads, Hindus, and Jews also lived in the region mostly close to the Panj River valley. The Indo-European population was a continuation of the dominant Indo-Iranian branch in the north and west centered in the cities of Bukhara and Tehran, respectively. The Hindu Kush mountain divided this Indo-Iranian population into four ethnic zones: Pushtuns to the south and southeast; Tajiks to the northeast of the Hindu Kush range; Parsiwans to the west; and Baluch to the southwest The Pushtuns, who later (1950's) made an unsuccessful attempt at creating a Pushtunistan, numbered about 13,000,000. -
UNIVERSITA CA'foscari VENEZIA CHAUKHANDI TOMBS a Peculiar
UNIVERSITA CA’FOSCARI VENEZIA Dottorato di Ricerca in Lingue Culture e Societa` indirizzo Studi Orientali, XXII ciclo (A.A. 2006/2007 – A. A. 2009/2010) CHAUKHANDI TOMBS A Peculiar Funerary Memorial Architecture in Sindh and Baluchistan (Pakistan) TESI DI DOTTORATO DI ABDUL JABBAR KHAN numero di matricola 955338 Coordinatore del Dottorato Tutore del Dottorando Ch.mo Prof. Rosella Mamoli Zorzi Ch.mo Prof. Gian Giuseppe Filippi i Chaukhandi Tombs at Karachi National highway (Seventeenth Century). ii AKNOWLEDEGEMENTS During my research many individuals helped me. First of all I would like to offer my gratitude to my academic supervisor Professor Gian Giuseppe Filippi, Professor Ordinario at Department of Eurasian Studies, Universita` Ca`Foscari Venezia, for this Study. I have profited greatly from his constructive guidance, advice, enormous support and encouragements to complete this dissertation. I also would like to thank and offer my gratitude to Mr. Shaikh Khurshid Hasan, former Director General of Archaeology - Government of Pakistan for his valuable suggestions, providing me his original photographs of Chuakhandi tombs and above all his availability despite of his health issues during my visits to Pakistan. I am also grateful to Prof. Ansar Zahid Khan, editor Journal of Pakistan Historical Society and Dr. Muhammad Reza Kazmi , editorial consultant at OUP Karachi for sharing their expertise with me and giving valuable suggestions during this study. The writing of this dissertation would not be possible without the assistance and courage I have received from my family and friends, but above all, prayers of my mother and the loving memory of my father Late Abdul Aziz Khan who always has been a source of inspiration for me, the patience and cooperation from my wife and the beautiful smile of my two year old daughter which has given me a lot courage. -
IHCNF Newsletter July 2017
Newsletter of Indian Heritage Cities Network Foundation (IHCNF) In-Heritance For the Future of Our Cities VOL. 2 ISSUE NO.7 July 2017 From IHCNF Desk in Bangalore Greetings, It is always a great pleasure for the IHCNF team 5th July, ED and DP IHCNF made a two day to put together the monthly newsletter to keep trip to New Delhi with a series of meeting Inside this Issue our reader base updated with our activities. held on matters related to HRIDAY, Biennial Here is bringing to you the July newsletter. Conference, Karez Conference, Community Radio Station etc. Feature Article Pg 2 July of 2017 was an exciting month, not just at IHCNF but for heritage enthusiasts all over India Executive Director and Director Projects A short glimpse into as Ahmadabad got designated as India’s first visited Bidar for venue selection for the the historically rich village of UNESCO World Heritage City. This prestigious International Conference on Karez, scheduled Balligavi in Shivamogga district, recognition for the city is the result of the for the 29th-31st of October. A meeting notified as a ‘heritage by area’ unrelenting effort of the various stakeholders regarding the Zero Waste Management the Government of and IHCNF sends heartiest congratulations Project was also held with the Commissioner Karnataka in 2012-13. to each and everyone involved. of the Bidar City Municipal Council. The month of July started off with Government On 13th July, ED visited Mysuru to meet with of Karnataka entrusting the work of preparing Dr Niranjan, Registrar of the Karnataka State Project Update Pg 3 the nomination dossier for the Deccan Dr. -
Identify the Archaeological Research of Thatta District Through Geo
Pak. j. sci. ind. res. Ser. A: phys. sci. 2020 63A(2) 94-100 Identify the Archaeological Research of Thatta District Through Geo-Spatial Technologies: A Case Study of Makli Graveyard and Banbhore Fort Zia Ur Rehmana*, Asif Gula, Syed Jamil Hasan Kazmia and Danish Ahmedb aDepartment of Geography, University of Karachi-75270, Karachi, Pakistan bDepartment of Antiquities, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan (received September 13, 2018; revised April 16, 2019; accepted April 17, 2019) Abstract. Archaeological studies with the help of geographic information systems and remote sensing have been used in temporal, spatial, regional analysis and to investigate traditional and historical ways of human life. Remote sensing alludes to a wide variety of high-technology methods for collecting data pertaining to the physical or chemical properties of an archaeological site survey. The aim of this study is to identify the archaeological site of Makli graveyard and Banbhore fort through satellite images and explore the major land cover patterns on the southern part of Sindh province using geospatial technologies. Additional goals are to evaluate and visualize the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the southern part of Sindh province. A landsat-8 OLI / TIRS of 20th December 2014 and a DEM image were used to classify land cover and artifacts at the site. The result indicates that historical monuments at Makli, and Banbhore fort, Thatta testify in an outstanding manner, to the civilization of the Sindh region. geographically, its location is vulnerable around the river. Banbhore has survived such threats and continued to flourish as the only and most important port of Sindh. -
Chronologica Dictionary of Sind Chronologial Dictionary of Sind
CHRONOLOGICA DICTIONARY OF SIND CHRONOLOGIAL DICTIONARY OF SIND (From Geological Times to 1539 A.D.) By M. H. Panhwar Institute of Sindhology University of Sind, Jamshoro Sind-Pakistan All rights reserved. Copyright (c) M. H. Panhwar 1983. Institute of Sindhology Publication No. 99 > First printed — 1983 No. of Copies 2000 40 0-0 Price ^Pt&AW&Q Published By Institute of Sindhlogy, University of Sind Jamshoro, in collabortion with Academy of letters Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Education Islamabad. Printed at Educational Press Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Road, Karachi. • PUBLISHER'S NOTE Institute of Sindhology is engaged in publishing informative material on - Sind under its scheme of "Documentation, Information and Source material on Sind". The present work is part of this scheme, and is being presented for benefit of all those interested in Sindhological Studies. The Institute has already pulished the following informative material on Sind, which has received due recognition in literary circles. 1. Catalogue of religious literature. 2. Catalogue of Sindhi Magazines and Journals. 3. Directory of Sindhi writers 1943-1973. 4. Source material on Sind. 5. Linguist geography of Sind. 6. Historical geography of Sind. The "Chronological Dictionary of Sind" containing 531 pages, 46 maps 14 charts and 130 figures is one of such publications. The text is arranged year by year, giving incidents, sources and analytical discussions. An elaborate bibliography and index: increases the usefulness of the book. The maps and photographs give pictographic history of Sind and have their own place. Sindhology has also published a number of articles of Mr. M.H. Panhwar, referred in the introduction in the journal Sindhology, to make available to the reader all new information collected, while the book was in press. -
Traditional Knowledge Systems and the Conservation and Management of Asia’S Heritage Rice Field in Bali, Indonesia by Monicavolpin (CC0)/Pixabay
ICCROM-CHA 3 Conservation Forum Series conservation and management of Asia’s heritage conservation and management of Asia’s Traditional Knowledge Systems and the Systems Knowledge Traditional ICCROM-CHA Conservation Forum Series Forum Conservation ICCROM-CHA Traditional Knowledge Systems and the conservation and management of Asia’s heritage Traditional Knowledge Systems and the conservation and management of Asia’s heritage Rice field in Bali, Indonesia by MonicaVolpin (CC0)/Pixabay. Traditional Knowledge Systems and the conservation and management of Asia’s heritage Edited by Gamini Wijesuriya and Sarah Court Forum on the applicability and adaptability of Traditional Knowledge Systems in the conservation and management of heritage in Asia 14–16 December 2015, Thailand Forum managers Dr Gamini Wijesuriya, Sites Unit, ICCROM Dr Sujeong Lee, Cultural Heritage Administration (CHA), Republic of Korea Forum advisors Dr Stefano De Caro, Former Director-General, ICCROM Prof Rha Sun-hwa, Administrator, Cultural Heritage Administration (CHA), Republic of Korea Mr M.R. Rujaya Abhakorn, Centre Director, SEAMEO SPAFA Regional Centre for Archaeology and Fine Arts Mr Joseph King, Unit Director, Sites Unit, ICCROM Kim Yeon Soo, Director International Cooperation Division, Cultural Heritage Administration (CHA), Republic of Korea Traditional Knowledge Systems and the conservation and management of Asia’s heritage Edited by Gamini Wijesuriya and Sarah Court ISBN 978-92-9077-286-6 © 2020 ICCROM International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property Via di San Michele, 13 00153 Rome, Italy www.iccrom.org This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution Share Alike 3.0 IGO (CCBY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo). -
Ii. Land Acquisition and Resettlement Impacts ...6
RP946 v4 GOVERNMENT OF KARNATAKA PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT KARNATAKA STATE HIGHWAYS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT - II Public Disclosure Authorized RESETTLEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN WAP 3 (Shikaripura – Hanagal) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized June 2012 Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project –II Resettlement Implementation Plan WAP-3 (Shikaripura - Hanagal) Contents ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................................................. iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. 1 I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 3 Objectives of RIP .............................................................................................................................. 4 Main activities of RIP ....................................................................................................................... 4 Minimization of Impacts and Corridor of Impact ......................................................................... 4 II. LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT IMPACTS ..................................................... 6 Land Acquisition Status ...................................................................................................................... 6 Guidance Value ..................................................................................................................................