SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 46969 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW70 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, 58-62 Bank Street, Printing Works ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): Nelson Street; Caxton Printing Works; Smith Brothers SITE TYPE: Industrial; Printing Works COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4270 3782 DETAILED NGR(S): 242700 637820 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 46969 NS43NW 70 4270 3782

NS 4272 3782 Four engineering test pits were evaluated on the site of a proposed retail development. A watching brief was later carried out during site clearance and the excavation of building foundations. Four fragments of mortar-bonded sandstone walling were identified, but were thought to be of 19th-century date due to their association with material dating to that period and their inclusion on 19th-century OS maps. A full report has been lodged with the NMRS. Sponsor: Wilson Distributors (Scotland) Ltd. S Halliday 2000

NS 4272 3782 A programme of archaeological evaluation and excavation was undertaken during redevelopment. In the evaluation, ten hand-dug test pits were excavated within the standing buildings. Truncation was found to be severe across much of the frontage, although a deposit containing a sherd of 18th-century pottery was identified. A truncated feature was located beneath the frontage, and on the basis of three sherds of pottery is dated to the medieval period. To the rear of the frontage topsoil had been preserved but was contaminated with modern structural material. Wall foundations relating to outbuildings were encountered in several of the test pits. On the basis of the evaluation, around 300m2 of subsoil was cleaned and inspected following removal of a suspended timber floor within the standing building. A possible medieval feature and a well with a drystone lining were recorded. Later remains likely to date from the modern period were also excavated and recorded. Following demolition of the standing building, a concrete slab was removed from the rear of the development plot and six trenches, covering 20% of the site, were excavated. Another well with drystone lining was uncovered in the southernmost frontage plot. This was very similar in size and shape to the well uncovered during the initial excavation. Later remains likely to date from the 18th and 19th century were also excavated and recorded. Both wells were left in situ and are likely to be incorporated into the building development. Sponsor: Baxter Clark and Paul. S Stronach and M Hastie 2001

NMRS Report date for above text 04/04/02 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Halliday, S, 2000, 'Nelson Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire (Kilmarnock parish), evaluation; watching brief',Discovery and Excavation, Scotland,2000, pp.23-4,2001 23-4. Stronach and Hastie, S and M, 2001, '50-54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire (Kilmarnock parish), evaluation and excavation',Discovery and Excavation, Scotland,2,2001, pp.29,2002 29. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 22 November 2002

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 46970 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW69 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, 13 Grange Place, Seed Store ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): Grange Street SITE TYPE: Store COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4259 3792 DETAILED NGR(S): 242590 637920 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 46970 NS43NW 69 4259 3792.

No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records. NMRS Report date for above text 07/07/00

Seed Store, Grange Street, late 19th century. A two storey attic and basement, 5-by-9-bay Renaissance Building. Hume, J R, 1976, The industrial archaeology of Scotland. Volume 1: The Lowlands and Borders Entered WoSAS (SJ) 27/09/2007 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Co-operative Wholesale Societies, , [1896], Co-operative Wholesale Societies Limited England and Scotland: annual for 1896, Manchester; Glasgow Hume, J R, 1976, The industrial archaeology of Scotland. Volume 1: The Lowlands and Borders. London. 62. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 27 September 2007

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 46972 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW67 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Strand Street, Bonded Warehouse ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): Hays And Goldberg SITE TYPE: Bonded Warehouse COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4278 3803 DETAILED NGR(S): 242780 638030 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 46972 NS43NW 67 4278 3803.

No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records. NMRS Report date for above text 18/10/01

Bonded warehouses, late 19th century. Three large bonded stores. One is a 3-storey, 14-by-4-bay, terra-cotta, brick-faced block, with red sandstone dressings. The others, in French Renaissance style, are a 3-storey building with a rusticated grey sandstone ground floor, with round-headed openings, and white brick upper floors, with arcades on the first floor and pairs of pilasters in the second floor; and a similar, particularly fine, 4 storey block, with a rounded end and frontages to two streets. Hume, J R, 1976, The industrial archaeology of Scotland. Volume 1: The Lowlands and Borders Entered WoSAS (SJ) 27/09/2007 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Hume, J R, 1976, The industrial archaeology of Scotland. Volume 1: The Lowlands and Borders. London. 61-62. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 27 September 2007

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 47240 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW86 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, 3 St Marnock Place, Seed Store ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Store COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4274 3775 DETAILED NGR(S): 242740 637750 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 47240 NS43NW 86 4274 3775.

No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records. NMRS Report date for above text 14/11/00

1850, with 1858 extension. 2-storey with attic and basement, 4-bay by 13-bay former seed warehouse with classical details, 11-bay to river with adjoining single storey boiler house (brick chimney removed, circa 1975). Painted ashlar with polished ashlar margins. Rubble basement beneath band course to E (Kilmarnock Water) elevation. Lightly colour washed stuccoed ashlar to S elevation. Projecting sills to most windows. Skewputts and scroll finial to N.

S (ST MARNOCK STREET) ELEVATION: later pilastered shop front to ground floor, 6 irregular width bays with door in 2nd left; chamfered angles. Double string courses at 1st floor, the upper forming sill course of 4 regularly placed architraved windows; scrolled, moulded detail to outer of end bays and to centre; curved rusticated quoins terminating in moulded scroll below prominent eaves cornice.

W (ST MARNOCK PLACE) ELEVATION: 13-bay elevation with pend / loading bay, originally on N elevation before 1858 extension. Chamfered jambs and moulded flat arch with keystone to pend. 2 plain doors, now entrances to pub and cafe. 2' overhanging cornice and blocking course.

N ELEVATION: additional single storey boiler house with pair of windows set at angle to main elevation; canted brick stump of stack to NW with large ashlar dressings. To 1st floor of main building, central window; paired windows to gablehead.

E (KILMARNOCK WATER) ELEVATION: 11 irregularly placed bays to ground and 1st floors, bracketed cornices to bays 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 of ground floor. Painted advertising fascia dividing full length of upper storeys.

To St Marnock Street elevation and 1st 2-bays of E elevation, 7-pane timber sash and case windows, with 6-pane upper sash and plate glass lower sash; modern plate glass windows to ground floor shop windows. To E elevation: 24-pane timber windows with 12-panes per sash; some sash and case windows, some pivoting top mock sash with ventilation bars to lower casement window; metal framed, multi-paned bipartite windows to basement. Combination of cast-iron Carron lights and modern velux roof lights to attic. Shallow piended grey slate roof, gabled to N. Aluminium ridging, flashing and valleys. Painted cast-iron rainwater goods.

INTERIOR: original elements remaining, but refurbished to provide restaurant and accommodation. Cast-iron stanchions bearing timber beams, some single span across about 42' width of building. Stone steps to basement. Slightly curved rectangular stairs to former office end. Main storage area now subdivided to form Copperfield's Inn and the Artful Dodger pub and restaurant.

Part of B-Group with 3, 5 & 7 St Marnock Street & 113 - 119 King Street. One of the shops to the St Marnock Street elevation was used for retail by part of the firm's family. Rankin and Borland, a firm of manufacturing chemists, were established in 1798. They were well known for making mineral waters. Interestingly, the Ha's Well was sited near here and it was said to produce the best water for whisky. The main family was Borland and the firm was known as James Borland & Sons Ltd, Seed Stores. The Borland firm had been incorporated with Dickie Fowlds & Co Ltd, Established 1750. The building remained in use as a "seed warehouse" until nearly the end of the 20th century. The interior remained almost complete with an earlier 19th century rea (seed sifter), on the ground floor, with semi-circular movement and 2 sieves of different mesh proportions. Associated with this was a fanner, and both pieces of machinery were in regular use until the firm closed down. There was also a rea in the basement with a back and forward movement. 2 hot air grain driers were sited

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 on the 1st floor. All the machines were water powered, hence the proximity to the river, but all that survived of the mechanism was a tank in the basement. The building has now been refurbished to form an inn, pub and restaurant with subdivision of the formerly open floor plans. Part of the original name can still be seen painted onto the left of the E elevation, behind the newer fascia. Derived from HS Listed Building Data Entered WoSAS (SJ) 27/09/2007 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Hume, J R, 1976, The industrial archaeology of Scotland. Volume 1: The Lowlands and Borders. London. 62. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 27 September 2007

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 2 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 47559 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW94 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Footbridge ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Footbridge COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4276 3776 DETAILED NGR(S): 242760 637760 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 47559 NS43NW 94 4276 3776.

NMRS Report date for above text 14/11/00 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records. BIBLIOGRAPHY: ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 22 November 2002

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 47560 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW93 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, 5-7 St Marnock Place, Seed Store ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): Seed Store; Nelson Street SITE TYPE: Store COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4275 3779 DETAILED NGR(S): 242750 637790 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 47560 NS43NW 93 4275 3779.

NMRS Report date for above text 14/11/00 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Hume, J R, 1976, The industrial archaeology of Scotland. Volume 1: The Lowlands and Borders. London. 62. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 22 November 2002

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 47774 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW8.1 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Laigh Kirk, Churchyard ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): Bank Street; Low Church SITE TYPE: Churchyard COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4274 3796 Centred on NS DETAILED NGR(S): 242747 637967 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 47774

Null Report from NMRS, Null Report date from the NMRS 08/01/02

Enclosed circa 1710. Rubble walls with flat ashlar copes. Walls later lowered to serve as retaining walls, outer wall surfaces rendered.

STONES: several 18th century stones, some table tombs with baluster feet, a few good 19th century classical stones. Memorial to John Nisbet 1683, Covenanter stone renewed by public subscription, 1823.

GATEPIERS: pair of square ashlar gatepiers with panelled shafts and projecting square neck copes, tall wrought-iron lamps with glazed coach lamps surmounting; later wrought-iron gates.

A-Group with Laigh Kirk. The kirkyard was formerly much bigger. In 1710 the first part of Bank Street was built on part of the older Laigh Kirk burial ground. Now the Kirk is sited in the NE corner of the kirkyard, which is raised from the road and accessed by a flight of steps. The area immediately around the church used to form the focus for old Kilmarnock, but it lost its pivotal role around 1780 when new streets were formed which met at Kilmarnock Cross. The kirkyard has many notable memorials and interesting stones, for example Covenanters Ross, Shields and John Nisbet of Loudoun who were hanged at the Cross. Many have unusual inscriptions such as "Sacred to the memory of Thomas Finlay, John Cuthbertson, William Brown, Robert and James Anderson (natives of this parish) who were taken prisoners at Bothwell, June 22nd 1679, sentenced to transportation for life, and drowned on their passage near the Orkney Isles. Also John Finlay who suffered martyrdom 15th December, 1682, in the Grass-Market, Edinburgh." The Laigh Kirk and its ministers also feature in Robert Burns' poem "The Ordination." Derived from HS Listed Building Data Entered WoSAS (SJ) 27/09/2007 BIBLIOGRAPHY: ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 27 September 2007

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 47777 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW117 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, 6 Church Street, Warehouse ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Industrial; Warehouse COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4289 3822 DETAILED NGR(S): 242890 638220 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 47777 NS43NW 117 4289 3822.

NMRS Report date for above text 29/10/01 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records. BIBLIOGRAPHY: ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 22 November 2002

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 47778 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW116 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, 15 Church Street, Warehouse ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Industrial; Warehouse COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4292 3821 DETAILED NGR(S): 242920 638210 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 47778 NS43NW 116 4292 3821.

NMRS Report date for above text 29/10/01 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records. BIBLIOGRAPHY: ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 22 November 2002

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 47798 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW104 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock Viaduct ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Railway Viaduct COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4293 3820 NS 4278 3822 DETAILED NGR(S): 242930 638200 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 47798 NS43NW 104 4293 3820, 4278 3822 to 4308 3818.

NMRS Report date for above text 17/10/01 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records.

1848. 23-arch, railway viaduct. Coursed squared rubble with polished ashlar dressings and parapet.

S & N ELEVATIONS: 23 segmental arches rise from piers with moulded impost courses. Wider span to Portland Street with raised rusticated flanking piers and polished quoins. Arches to W of Portland Street of diminishing span and with shallow pointed heads. To E (near the weir): pair of piers on heavy rusticated cutwaters sited in the Kilmarnock Water, piers immediately flanking inset into river bank. Manmade soil embankment to E (parallel with Kay Park and London Road): arched, coursed sandstone ashlar wall around base with sloped buttresses supporting, squared copes surmounting all.

Built to carry the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway. The railway first came to Kilmarnock in 1837 when the Kilmarnock & Ayr Railway Company was formed, followed by the Glasgow & Dalry Railway Company, six years later. The number of goods and passengers carried rose quickly, as its popularity continued on from that of the Duke of Portland's wagon way. In 1847, the Kilmarnock to Troon wagon-way was bought from the Duke and converted for the use of passenger steam trains. Within the next 3 years, more lines were opened up with stops at Galston and Newmilns. This magnificent railway viaduct was constructed from the station, across Portland and Soulis Streets and spanning the Kilmarnock Water to join land at the bottom of what became Kay Park. At the time, it towered over the older, smaller properties surrounding. 1850 saw the completion of the Glasgow and South Western's Nithsdale line. The cross border track ran between Carlisle and Glasgow and stopped at Kilmarnock. The old station house was replaced by the one we see today (listed separately), built to cope with the extra passenger numbers and freight. The viaduct is still in use, carrying the main line south from Glasgow to Dumfries. It continues to dominate the streetscape to the north of the town centre. Derived from HS Listed Building Data Entered WoSAS (SJ) 27/09/2007 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Hume, J R, 1976, The industrial archaeology of Scotland. Volume 1: The Lowlands and Borders. London. 60-61. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 27 September 2007

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 48289 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW273 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Kilmarnock Water, Mill ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Industrial; Mill COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4278 3789 DETAILED NGR(S): 242783 637898 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 48289 NMRS REFERENCE:

The mill is depicted on OS 1:2500 scale map (Ayrshire Sheet XVIII.13, 1896) and has since been demolished. Information from RCAHMS (S.C.), November 2001. NMRS Report date for above text 12/11/01 BIBLIOGRAPHY: ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 27 September 2007

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 48292 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW267 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Strand Street, Warehouse ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): Brown Collins Building SITE TYPE: Industrial; Warehouse COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4272 3805 DETAILED NGR(S): 242728 638051 Confidence=1 Co-ords from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 48292 Null Report from NMRS, Null Report date from the NMRS. BIBLIOGRAPHY: ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 22 November 2002

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 50588 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW339 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Soulis Street, Old High Kirk And Kirkyard With Soulis Monument ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): High Church And Churchyard SITE TYPE: Church; Churchyard; Momument COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: (m) BASIC NGR: NS 4296 3824 DETAILED NGR(S): 242968 638249 Confidence=1 Co-ordinates from NMRS

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 50588 NS43NW 339 4296 3824

Null report from NMRS at 3/2/04

Robert and William Hunter from James Gibbs pattern book, 1732 -1740. Session house, Thomas Fulton, 1858; with 1909 and 1929 additions, John H Railton; interior remodelled, 1868. 5-bay by 3-bay, rectangular-plan classical church; tower and entrance to E end; T-plan session house to W. Coursed local sandstone from Townhead and Dean quarries. Dressed ashlar eaves cornice, door and window surrounds. Lead capped skew gables.

E (PRINCIPAL) ELEVATION: simple round-arched door to centre; rectangular doorways to flanking bays; every outer quoin rusticated with moulded lintel, prominent keystone and sloped cornice. To 1st floor, round-arched windows to outer bays, treatment similar to ground floor doors. Continued eaves course forming implied pediment; blind squared bay to centre of gable showing original position of clock. Tower rising from gablehead: square base with string course; clock to each face; octagonal upper stage with round-arched belfry openings; tall domed, leaded roof with diminutive lead cupola and weather- vane surmounting.

S ELEVATION: 5 segmental-headed windows to ground floor; 5 matching round-arched windows to 1st floor; ventilation bricks under sills of some windows. Later security grilles to all windows.

W (REAR) ELEVATION: later single storey, T-plan gabled session house with angle margins adjoining main building to centre: bipartite window to end of main section; blind window to each gabled arm. Later single storey, single bay gabled extensions in re-entrant angles of main building: window in left extension, door to left return; pilastered door to extreme left of right extension, window to right return. Main building rising to rear: Venetian window with internal treatments to centre of 1st floor, slightly lower blind arched windows to outer bays; rose-pattern ventilator to gablehead; finial surmounting.

N ELEVATION: 5 segmental-headed windows to ground floor; 5 matching round-arched windows to 1st floor; ventilation bricks under sills of some windows. Later security grilles to all windows.

Stained glass (see NOTES). Piended grey slate roof; zinc ridging and flashing. Painted cast-iron rainwater goods; shaped hoppers draining to down pipes on side elevations.

INTERIOR: main church: nearly square with galleries on 3 sides. Ornamented plaster ceiling, mostly acanthus pattern borders; 3 later ceiling roses, central one for former chandelier, flanking roses lead to roof ventilators. Two rows of massive Etruscan columns, with idiosyncratic acanthus decoration to squared capitals, supporting roof and panelled galleries of oak. Attached columns divide the lights of the Venetian west window; panelled, boxed entrance below with doors to each return; directly to centre, semi-circular oak raised pulpit on squared base with gothic panels. Later altar directly in front of pulpit. Timber pews with scrolled ends to sides and every 3rd pew in central block a folding pew. 1868 timber organ with guilded pipes in E gallery. E entrance hall and stairs to galleries: inset marble memorial to Rev. James Aitken to centre; stone dogleg stairs to N & S with timber newel posts, balusters and planked treads. Bell within tower: original bell (1762), present bell (1853) by G & A Mears, London inscribed "GOD SAVE OUR CHURCH AND STATE"; clock also housed here, not working at present. Series of 21 stained glass windows in timber frames (see NOTES) by W and JJ Kier; formerly zinc with diamond quarry.

CHURCHYARD, WALLS & GATEPIERS: coursed and random rubble walls to E, S & W; partially lined with red ashlar behind inset memorials; mixture of plain and segmental coping. Pair of alternate red and white rusticated ashlar piers to centre of E elevation, moulded copes with ball and stalk finial, left finial now missing. To centre of W elevation, pair of squared red ashlar gatepiers with rusticated bands, moulded copes with ball and stalk finials. Interesting 18th & 19th century ashlar gravestones (see NOTES) including plainer headstones, plinthed obelisks, ornate marble head stones inset

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 into wall and gothic tombs. Cobbled entrance path to E, under black tarmac to N, S & W paths.

SOULIS MONUMENT (IN SE BOUNDARY WALL): ashlar Doric column with urn surmounting, set in a pilastered and round arched niche, inscribed TO THE MEMORY OF LORD SOULIS 1444. REBUILT BY SUBSCRIPTION 1825. THE DAYS OF OLD TO MIND I CALL.

Ecclesiastical building in use as such. The church was built as a chapel of ease, for the Laigh Kirk, by private subscription on a site gifted by the Earl of Kilmarnock. The chapel, as it was called, cost ?850 exclusive of the 80ft steeple that was added later. The Earl of Kilmarnock and John Orr of Grougar and Barrowfield donated most of the money with the rest being raised from the sale of pews. Although the stone was local, many of the materials used came from further afield, the timber from Irvine and the slates from Saltcoats. The lead covering for the 1740 tower was cast on site. The original clock (by Allan Foulds) only had 2 faces; one in the gable facing east (now in-filled) and the other facing the pulpit. It was removed when the organ (which cost ?300) was added in 1868. The present arrangement of sheet copper dials was introduced in 1797 and renewed in 1822. The galleries were originally accessed by exterior stairs, but were replaced by internal flights when the organ was added. The church was elevated into a separate parish in 1811 following a Deed of Erection and the first real minister was Mr Hamilton. Part of the congregation broke away during the Disruption of 1843 and set up the West High Kirk, still in existence and located in Portland Street. The churchyard contains the graves of Thomas Morton (telescope maker and inventor); Thomas Kennedy (water meter manufacturer); John Wilson (printer of 1st edition of Robert Burn's poems); and the Tannock Brothers (artists from Grange Street). Built into the exterior of the east wall of the kirkyard is a fluted column and tablet monument to Lord Soulis, an English nobleman said to have died in the 14th or 15th centuries. This was built after a public subscription was held to replace an earlier monument at The Cross. The session house adjoining the church to the west was built to replace a free standing one demolished to make space within the churchyard. The windows of the church are rare as they are a complete set all by the one firm, W & JJ Kier, the Irvine born Glasgow artists. The first window was commissioned in 1869 as a memorial to the 4th Earl of Kilmarnock, William Boyd, then the rest were added by the congregation at various times. Derived from HS Listed Building Data Entered WoSAS (MO'H) 26/09/2007 BIBLIOGRAPHY: ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 26 September 2007

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 2 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7342 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW13 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock House ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: House COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 4270 3776 DETAILED NGR(S): 242705 637765 Confidence=1

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: YES SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7342

(NS 4270 3776) Kilmarnock House is situated between St Marnock Street and Nelson Street. The original part of the mansion is supposed to have been built about 1650. Work on the western part was stopped about 1746. It is now (1909) occupied by the Industrial School. A McKay 1909; T Smellie 1898

NS 4270 3776. Site confirmed from photograph (in Dick Institute Museum, Kilmarnock). Kilmarnock House was demolished in 1935; its site is now occupied by a car park. Visited by OS (JLD) 8 August 1956 BIBLIOGRAPHY: McKay, A, 1909, History of Kilmarnock. pp. 22-3. Smellie, T, 1898, Sketches of old Kilmarnock. Kilmarnock. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7343 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW14 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Sandbed Street ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Bridge COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 4281 3783 DETAILED NGR(S): 242815 637935 Confidence=1

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7343

Kilmarnock had in Pont's time one stone bridge over the River Marnock. J Dobie 1876

(NS 4281 3783) In 1752 the building of the town bridge, connecting Sandbed with the Strand, was suggested as an improvement (the old bridge had been damaged by floods) but was not finally built until about 1805. J Paterson 1847

The old bridge was so dilapidated by 1658 that it was re- erected about 1660. This bridge compromised two spans. The present bridge was built in 1762. T Smellie 1898

The bridge was situated on the same site which the old bridge, leading from Cheapside to Sandbed Street, now occupies. A McKay 1909

The present bridge over the Kilmarnock Water from Sandbed Street (NS4281 3783) is a modern single-span structure. Visited by OS (JLD) 8 August 1956 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Dobie, J (ed.), 1876, Cuninghame, topographized by Timothy Pont, A M, 1604-1608. Glasgow. p. 290. McKay, A, 1909, History of Kilmarnock. p. 10. Paterson, J, 1847, History of the county of Ayr. pp. 150-1. Smellie, T, 1898, Sketches of old Kilmarnock. Kilmarnock. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7344 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW15 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Market Cross COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 4285 3799 DETAILED NGR(S): 242850 637995 Confidence=1

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7344

(NS 4285 3799) The Cross (NAT) OS 6" map (1938)

Permission to have a market cross was granted in 1591. The cross was removed in 1709. T Smellie 1898

A traffic island now occupies the site of the cross. Visited by OS (JLD) 8 August 1956 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Smellie, T, 1898, Sketches of old Kilmarnock. Kilmarnock. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7345 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW16 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Coin Hoard COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 4277 3804 DETAILED NGR(S): 242775 638045 Confidence=1

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7345

A small stoneware jar containing twenty 16th - 17th century coins was found in April 1920 when foundations for the new building of Messrs John Walker and Sons Ltd, in the Strand, were being prepared. The coins were donated to the NMAS by Sir Alexander Walker, Kilmarnock. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 1920

No further information was obtained about the coins. The premises of John Walker and Sons Ltd are in Strand Street, at NS 4277 3804. Visited by OS (JLD) 8 August 1956 BIBLIOGRAPHY: PSAS, 1921, 'Donations to and purchases for the Museum and Library', PSAS, Vol 55, 1920-1, pp.10-28, 108-10, 150-2, 272-5. p. 108. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7346 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW17 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Fore Street ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Coin Hoard COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 428 380 DETAILED NGR(S): 242880 638020 Confidence=2

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7346

(Approximately NS 4288 3802) In June 1863 a hoard of coins was found at Kilmarnock in an old house near the foot of Fore Street, when the house was being demolished. The coins examined at the Exchequer included fourteen 16th and 17th century British coins and one hundred and thirteen 17th century German coins. (The procurator fiscal failed to recover nearly all the coins that were found). G Sim 1865; A McKay 1909

No further information was obtained during field investigation. Visited by OS (JLD) 8 August 1956 BIBLIOGRAPHY: McKay, A, 1909, History of Kilmarnock. p. 49ff. Sim, G, 1865, 'Notes of coins, etc., recently discovered in Scotland', PSAS, Vol 5, 1862-4, pp.234-8. pp. 235-6. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7347 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW18 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Green Street ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Coin Hoard COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 429 379 DETAILED NGR(S): 242975 637965 Confidence=2

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7347

(Approximately NS 4297 3796) About 1786 when demolishing an old house at the corner of Green Street, an earthenware vessel containing a quantity of coins was found under the floor. Most of then dated from the time of Charles II. A McKay 1909

No further information was obtained the discovery of these coins or their precise find-spot. Visited by OS (JLD) 8 August 1956 BIBLIOGRAPHY: McKay, A, 1909, History of Kilmarnock. p. 49ff. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7350 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW20 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Whetstone COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 20(m) BASIC NGR: NS 42 37 DETAILED NGR(S): 242700 638000 Confidence=3

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7350

A whetstone or mica-schist, 4 1/2 inches by 3/4 inch, found near Kilmarnock (NS 42 37) was exhibited to the members of the Society in 1887 by Rev. D Landsborogh, Kilmarnock. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 1887

No further information was found during field investigation. Visited by OS (JLD) 8 August 1956 BIBLIOGRAPHY: PSAS, 1887, 'Donations to and purchases for the Museum and Library, with exhibits', PSAS, Vol 21, 1886-7, pp.7-13, 133-37, 160-4, 198-202, 260-5, 285-91. p. 264. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7359 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW29 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Quern COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 20(m) BASIC NGR: NS 42 37 DETAILED NGR(S): 242700 638000 Confidence=3

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7359

A stone quern, found at Kilmarnock (NS 4237) was exhibited in Glasgow in 1888, lent by T Smellie. Glasgow Int Exhibition 1888 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Glasgow Int Exhibition, 1888, The book of the Bishop's Castle and handbook of the archaeological collection. [s.l.] (Glasgow). p. 25. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7361 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW30 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Coin Hoards COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 20(m) BASIC NGR: NS 42 37 DETAILED NGR(S): 242700 638000 Confidence=3

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7361

Fourteen pounds weight of silver coins were found in a pot in March 1785 when digging the foundations of a house in Kilmarnock (NS 42 37). They were shillings and sixpences of Elizabeth, and crowns and half crowns of James I and Charles I, all English. A second hoard was found in Kilmarnock in August 1788 in the wall of an old house. They were principally shillings and sixpences of Elizabeth and James I of England, also half crowns and a few sixpences of Charles I. The latter coins were sold, but no mention is made of the disposition of the coins in the former hoard. J Lindsay 1845 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Lindsay, J, 1845, View of the Coinage of Scotland. Cork. pp. 262-3. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7364 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW33 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: 'Hospital' COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 20(m) BASIC NGR: NS 42 37 DETAILED NGR(S): 242700 638000 Confidence=3

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7364

The existence of a hospital in Kilmarnock (NS 4237) is doubtful. When Archibald, Lord of Douglas, has a royal gift of the lands of Kilmarnock in 1491 (Reg Magni Sig Reg Scot), the confirmation mentions the patronage of the churches, chapels and hospitals in its lands. However, no other references to a hospital in this parish can be found. W J Dillon 1960 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Dillon, W J, 1960, 'The Spittals of Ayrshire', Ayrshire Archaeol Natur Hist Collect, Vol 6, 1958-60, pp.12-42. p. 20. Reg Magni Sig Reg Scot, 1984, Registrum Magni Sigilli Regum Scotorum. The Register of the Great Seal of Scotland, 1424-1513. Vol 2, in Paul, J B (ed.), Edinburgh, London, Melbourne. no.2072. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 01 January 2004

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7365 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW34 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Our Lady's Well ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Spring COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 427 379 DETAILED NGR(S): 242765 637950 Confidence=3

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7365

A spring near to the Laigh Kirk (NS43NW 8, at NS 427 379) was called Our Lady's Well. H Scott 1920

No further information. Visited by OS (JRL) 3 July 1982 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Scott, H et al (eds.), 1915, Fasti ecclesiae Scoticanae: the succession of ministers in the Church of Scotland from the Reformation. Edinburgh. Vol.3, 104. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7369 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW38 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock Station ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Railway Station COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 40(m) BASIC NGR: NS 4268 3824 DETAILED NGR(S): 242689 638248 Confidence=1

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7369

NS 426 382. Glasgow and South Western Railway Goods Department (formerly Station House) and subway to Garden Street listed. M R Bonavia 1987

1878 with later additions and canopies. Ashlar, rusticated to ground, droved to 1st with polished dressings. 2 storeys, diminishing to single storey at east to accommodate the slope, 16-bay elevation to station offices with tower at south east. 5 bays at left, 8 central bays in shallow advanced section, 4 bays to right. Cill band to 1st floor, architraved windows. Cornice and blocking course raised over central bays with block pediment. 3-stage tower, with round-arched windows, bipartite in 2nd stage with circular light above, large circular light in upper stage. Bracketted pediments to each face. Single storey, south east, entrance wing, cornice and blocking course. Slated roof. Interior: Screen to original ticket office remains with bracketted ledge and plaster cornice. Other interior details exist. Decorative cast-iron columns and braces survive in train shed. Derived from HS Listed Buildings data. Entered WoSAS (CF) 08/02/01 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Bonavia, M R, 1987, Historic railway sites in Britain. London. pp. 178-9. Hume, J R, 1976, The industrial archaeology of Scotland. Volume 1: The Lowlands and Borders. London. p.60. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7370 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW39 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Burgh; Town COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 20(m) BASIC NGR: NS 4281 3796 Centred DETAILED NGR(S): 242809 637964 Confidence=1

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: YES SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7370

Erected burgh of barony in 1591/2. G S Pryde 1965.

NS 4281 3796 (Centred). Kilmarnock is presumed to have developed as a kirktoun, a small rural settlement centred on a church. The present Laigh Kirk stands on the site of the medieval church, which may have been built first in the twelfth century. The church was dedicated to St Marnock, an early medieval saint. The early settlement probably consisted of some ad hoc development near a crossing of the Kilmarnock Water close to the present site of the Cross, and may have been the site of a mill from a relatively early date. Although the lands of Kilmarnock were mentioned in a charter of 1316 and the church and parish are referred to intermittently in subsequent years, the formal establishment of a burgh did not occur until 1592. The convergent street-plan at the historical core of the burgh indicates that this area was already built up at the time of the burgh charter. There are no signs of formal burghal planning. The Cross was the centre of the town physically and economically. It was there that the tollbooth was built and the markets were held. Elements of the early street-plan survive despite modern redevelopment. Croft Street, Strand Street, Cheapside Street and Sandgate all date from early in the town's history, and other streets, such as Bank Street and College Wynd predate the eighteenth century. There has been a considerable build-up of deposits on the sides of the Kilmarnock Water, and archaeologically productive areas may survive below modern buildings. The town remained principally a rural settlement serving an agricultural hinterland until the mid-eighteenth century. Development was limited to the small streets around the Cross and the church until the Industrial Revolution. HMcB, SRC Entered WoSAS (CF) 04/06/99 BIBLIOGRAPHY: 2003, Discovery and Excavation in Scotland, New Series, Volume 4 pp.53. Gallagher, D B, 1993, Historic Kilmarnock: the archaeological implications of development, Edinburgh (Pamphlet) Pryde, G S, 1965, The burghs of Scotland: a critical list. London. p. 61, no.249. Simpson and Stevenson, A T and S, 1981, Historic Kilmarnock: the archaeological implications of development. {Glasgow}. Simpson, G G (ed.), 1972, Scotland's medieval burghs: an archaeological heritage in danger. Edinburgh. p. 32. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: 1996: Kilmarnock, Portland Street, Trial Excavations. Crowley, N.. AOC Archaeology Group 1997: Desk Based Assessment of Maxholm, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire. Colman, R.. Scottish Urban Archaeological Trust 2000: 50/54 Bank Street / 26 Nelson Street, Kilmarnock, preliminary evaluation/SI observations. Halliday, S.. Headland Archaeology Ltd 2000: Archaeological watching brief at 26 Nelson Street, Kilmarnock. Halliday, S.. Headland Archaeology Ltd 2001: Archaeological excavation at 50-54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock. Stronach, S.. Headland Archaeology Ltd 2001: Evaluation within buildings at 50-54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock. Stronach, S.. Headland Archaeology Ltd 2001: Watching brief and evaluation behind the frontage of 50-54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock. Hastie, M. Headland Archaeology Ltd 2003: Evaluation and excavation at College Wynd, Kilmarnock.. Addayman, T.. Addyman Associates

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 2004: Archaeological Evaluation: John Finnie Street, Kilmarnock. Gordon, D.. Rathmell Archaeology Group WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: WoSAS Archive Number 426: Crowley, N, Ceron-Carrasco, R, Ellis, C, & O'Sullivan, J, 1996, Portland Gate Kilmarnock: An Archaeological Evaluation. AOC project no. 1454 WoSAS Archive Number 462: Coleman, RJ, 1997, A Desk-Based Assessment of Maxholm, Kilmarnock. Part 1 (Text) and Part 2 (Illustrations) WoSAS Archive Number 517: Unknown, 1996, Printout from unknown database listing historic settlements, their street names and their grid references. WoSAS Archive Number 821: Tipping, R & Jones, A, 1999, Archaeological mitigation Work on the Kelvin Valley Sewer: Stage 2 Phase 1. Geo-archaeological Analysis of the Kelvin Valley Sewer Corridor. Second Interim Report: November 1999 WoSAS Archive Number 827: Tipping, R & Jones, A, 1999, The Kelvin Valley: Geo-archaeology and Alluvial History. Interim Report. WoSAS Archive Number 828: Hunter Blair, A and Hastie, M, 2000, Kelvin Valley Sewer Stage 2 Phase 1: Archaeological Data Structure Report WoSAS Archive Number 881: Halliday, S., 2000, 26 Nelson Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire: Results of an Archaeological Evaluation Headland Archaeology Ltd ID: NSK00 WoSAS Archive Number 917: Halliday, S, 2000, 26 Nelson Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire: Results of an Archaeological Watching Brief NSK00 WoSAS Archive Number 1054: Dalland, M, 2000, Kelvin Valley Sewer Stage 2 Phase 1. Access Road 14. Assessment of sediment compaction KVS97 WoSAS Archive Number 1178: Stronach, S, 2001, Results of an archaeological excavation at 50 - 54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire NSK00 WoSAS Archive Number 1179: Stronach, S, 2001, Results of an archaeological evaluation at 50 - 54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire NSK00 WoSAS Archive Number 1216: Hastie, M, 2001, Results of an archaeological watching brief and evaluation at 50-54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire NSK00 WoSAS Archive Number 1572: Addyman, T & O'Hare, M., 2003, College Wynd, Kilmarnock. East Ayrshire. Archaeological Evaluation WoSAS Archive Number 1984: Gordon, D., 2004, John Finnie Street, Kilmarnock: Archaeological Works Project Code: 04013 SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 14 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 31 March 2006

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 2 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7378 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW46 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Laigh Kirk Burial-ground, Covenanters' Graves ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Covenanters Graves; Burial-ground COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 427 379 DETAILED NGR(S): 242750 637960 Confidence=2

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: YES SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7378

NS 427 379 The heads of John Rose and John Shields, Covenanters executed at Edinburgh in 1666, are buried in the Laigh Kirk burial- ground, N of the church. The monument covering them was renewed in 1823. (See also NS43NW 8 and 10). J H Thomson 1903.

Graveyard probably enclosed in 18th century. Walls lowered to serve as retaining walls, outer wall surfaces rendered. Several 18th century stones, some table tombs with baluster feet, a few good 19th century classical stones. Memorial to John Nisbet 1683, covenanter stone renewed by public subscription 1823. 2 square ashlar gatepiers with panels, cornices and lamps at north end. Derived from HS Listed Buildings data. Entered WoSAS (CF) 08/02/01 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Thomson, J H, 1903, Martyr graves of Scotland. pp. 287-8. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 08 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7388 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW8 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Bank Street, Laigh Kirk ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Church COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 4276 3794 DETAILED NGR(S): 242765 637950 Confidence=1

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: YES SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7388

(NS 4276 3794) Laigh Kirk (NAT) OS 25" map (1963)

Steeple (NR) OS 25" map (1866)

Kilmarnock parish church was dedicated to St Marnoch Mo-Ernoc (W J Watson 1926). It was rebuilt in 1802 and enlarged in 1831. It is now commonly known as the "Laigh Kirk". Its tower is a survival from the older building, and is said to have been built in the 15th century (H Scott 1920). Hay, however, states that the tower is of 17th century style. G Hay 1957

The steeple formerly abore the date '1410', but does not appear to date from then. It was considerably repaired in 1770. A McKay 1909

The steeple protrudes at the NE angle of the church, and forms part of that entirely modern building. It is of ashlar masonry, measures 5.5m square, and does not appear exceptionally old. There are no other extant remains of the old building about the church, which is in use for public worship. Visited by OS (JLD) 8 August 1956

No change to the previous field report. Visited by OS (JRL) 29 June 1982

17th century tower; body of church by Robert Johnstone 1802; enlarged 1831, later 19th century session room at south west. 4-stage tower in roughly coursed rubble with ashlar angle margins, set-offs and cornice. Church harled with ashlar dressings. Tower raised on battered plinth, 3rd stage with clock set in square panel on each face, 4th stage, set back, with louvred belfry openings; bellcast roof and weathervane. Church: rectangular in plan with angle pilasters, 4 projecting stair compartments at angles, and shallow projecting pedimented bays to long 7-bay elevations. Later pilastered and pedimented porch in recessed bays to right of tower. Square headed windows to ground, round-arched with simple intersecting tracery to gallery. Shallow piended slate roof, each stair bay individually roofed. Interior with gallery supported on cast-iron Doric columns Memorial window to Lord Howard de Walden. Reset Memorial dated 1589 to Lord Boyd. Derived from HS Listed Buildings data. Entered WoSAS (CF) 09/02/01 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Groome, F H (ed.), 1882, Ordnance gazetteer of Scotland: a survey of Scottish topography, statistical, biographical and historical. Edinburgh. Vol. IV, p.374. Hay, G, 1957, The architecture of Scottish post-Reformation churches, 1560-1843. Oxford. p. 119. McKay, A, 1909, History of Kilmarnock. p. 10, 107. Scott, H et al (eds.), 1915, Fasti ecclesiae Scoticanae: the succession of ministers in the Church of Scotland from the Reformation. Edinburgh. Vol.3, 104.

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 Watson, W J, 1926, The history of the Celtic place-names of Scotland: being the Rhind lectures on archaeology (expanded) delivered in 1916. Edinburgh. pp. 187-8. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: 1996: Kilmarnock, Portland Street, Trial Excavations. Crowley, N.. AOC Archaeology Group WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: WoSAS Archive Number 426: Crowley, N, Ceron-Carrasco, R, Ellis, C, & O'Sullivan, J, 1996, Portland Gate Kilmarnock: An Archaeological Evaluation. AOC project no. 1454 WoSAS Archive Number 526: Proudfoot, EVW, 1991, Council for Scottish Archaeology Churches Committee. Inventory of Scottish Church Heritage, First Report 1990. SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 35 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 09 February 2001

This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 2 SITES AND MONUMENTS RECORD REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS SITE ID: 7389 ARCHAEOLOGY NMRS Number: NS43NW9 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

SITE NAME: Kilmarnock, Soulis Cross ALTERNATIVE NAME(S): SITE TYPE: Stone Pillar COUNCIL AREA: East Ayrshire PARISH: Kilmarnock 1:10,000 MAP SHEET: NS43NW ELEVATION: 30(m) BASIC NGR: NS 4301 3821 DETAILED NGR(S): 243015 638215 Confidence=1

SCHEDULED: No CONSULTATION TRIGGER: NO SUMMARY REPORT: WoSASPIN 7389

(NS 4301 3821) Soulis Cross (NR) (Site of) OS 25" map (1963)

Soulis Cross, mentioned by Pont, in a stone pillar, 8ft - 9ft high, situated at the south entrance of the High Church. Some years before 1792 it was in ruins but its pieces were re-assembled and re-erected with a small gilt vane on the top. The inscription "L Soules 1444" was added and refers to the supposed killing of Lord Soulis nearby at that date. Smellie and Small each refer to "Soules Cross and Smellies's drawing has a different and metal floriation from Small who illustrates a modern stone floriation on top of an octagional shaft of two stones and a base of two steps. OSA 1792; NSA 1845 (A Hamilton); J Dobie 1876; T Smellie 1898; J W Small 1900

Soulis Cross is now in the Dick Institute Museum, Kilmarnock. Its original site seems to have been that shown on OS 6" 1856, in the street at NS 4301 3821. It was later moved (see OS 25" 1937) to NS 4300 3820, in the churchyard. The date "1600" on it may denote its date of erection. The modern monument is inscribed: "To the memory of Lord Soulis...erected 1825". Visited by OS (JLD) 8 August 1956

This cross, as described, is no longer on display, and is held in store at the Museum (J Hunter, Dick Institute Museum, Kilmarnock). Visited by OS (JRL) 18 August 1982 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Dobie, J (ed.), 1876, Cuninghame, topographized by Timothy Pont, A M, 1604-1608. Glasgow. p. 293. NSA, 1845, The new statistical account of Scotland by the ministers of the respective parishes under the superintendence of a committee of the society for the benefit of the sons and daughters of the clergy. Edinburgh. Vol.5 (Ayr), 541-2. OSA, 1791, The statistical account of Scotland, drawn up from the communications of the ministers of the different parishes, in Sir John Sinclair (ed.), Edinburgh. Vol.2, 96. Small, J W, 1900, Scottish market crosses. Stirling. Smellie, T, 1898, Sketches of old Kilmarnock. Kilmarnock. ASSOCIATED EVENTS: 1996: Kilmarnock, Portland Street, Trial Excavations. Crowley, N.. AOC Archaeology Group WoSAS ARCHIVE HOLDINGS: WoSAS Archive Number 426: Crowley, N, Ceron-Carrasco, R, Ellis, C, & O'Sullivan, J, 1996, Portland Gate Kilmarnock: An Archaeological Evaluation. AOC project no. 1454 SLIDES IN SMR ARCHIVE: 0 RECORD LAST UPDATED: 09 February 2001

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 1 This report was produced by and is copyright of the West of Scotland Archaeology Service. It may contain information derived from and copyright of RCAHMS, as well as information compiled by WoSAS. WoSAS is funded by the Councils of Argyll and Bute, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, West Dunbartonshire and West Lothian

NGR Confidence key: 1 within 10m, 2 within 100m, 3 within 1km. Page 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVENT REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS EVENT ID: 58 ARCHAEOLOGY 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

50/54 Bank Street / 26 Nelson Street, Kilmarnock, preliminary evaluation/SI observations

DIRECTOR: Halliday, S. Developer Funded:

ORGANISATION: Headland Archaeology Ltd

YEAR: 2000 DATE COMMENT:

EXTENT: S X-COORD: 242735 Y-COORD: 637815

COUNCIL: East Ayrshire

CONTEXT: Site lies in Outstanding Conservation Area - neg. sus. Condition placed on CA consent for demolition in Conservation Area - evaluation will be prior to determination of planning application for new development. Results led to Negative Suspensive Condition

RESULTS: Only 4 out of 6 proposed test pits dug, & with toothed-bucket JCB - no sign of significant deposits, but inadequate evaluation size and methods.

NOTES: Event 58 covers the same plot of land as event 107, but refer to separate phases of activity. Therefore this plot has two GIS polygons.

WoSAS Archive Holdings: WoSAS Archive Number 881: Halliday, S., '2000, 26 Nelson Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire: Results of an Archaeological Evaluation', Headland Archaeology Ltd., Headland Archaeology Ltd ID: NSK00

Bibliography:

Spatial Extent of Event: S = up to 100m, M = up to 1km, L => 1km Page 1 of 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVENT REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS EVENT ID: 107 ARCHAEOLOGY 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

Archaeological watching brief at 26 Nelson Street, Kilmarnock

DIRECTOR: Halliday, S. Developer Funded:

ORGANISATION: Headland Archaeology Ltd

YEAR: 2000 DATE COMMENT:

EXTENT: S X-COORD: 242725 Y-COORD: 637800

COUNCIL: East Ayrshire

CONTEXT: Watching brief resulting from inability to confirm or deny presence of significant remains in un- evaluated area. (cf. Event 58 & Archive No. 881)

RESULTS: Nothing earlier than 19th C found - suggesting major disturbance (or outside early burgh).

NOTES: Event 107 covers the same plot of land as event 58, but refer to separate phases of activity. Therefore this plot has two GIS polygons.

WoSAS Archive Holdings: WoSAS Archive Number 917: Halliday, S, '2000, 26 Nelson Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire: Results of an Archaeological Watching Brief', Headland Archaeology Ltd., NSK00

Bibliography:

Spatial Extent of Event: S = up to 100m, M = up to 1km, L => 1km Page 1 of 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVENT REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS EVENT ID: 225 ARCHAEOLOGY 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

Evaluation within buildings at 50-54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock

DIRECTOR: Stronach, S. Developer Funded:

ORGANISATION: Headland Archaeology Ltd

YEAR: 2001 DATE COMMENT:

EXTENT: S X-COORD: 242715 Y-COORD: 637850

COUNCIL: East Ayrshire

CONTEXT: Initial evaluation of under-floor surfaces within standing buildings on & near the Bank Street frontage to establish presence of archaeological deposits, & vulnerability to demolition activity.

RESULTS: Ten test pits revealed v. few significant features, but those were truncated & at shallow depths near the Bank Street frontage, suggesting further work needed there before demolition should be allowed.

NOTES:

WoSAS Archive Holdings: WoSAS Archive Number 1179: Stronach, S, '2001, Results of an archaeological evaluation at 50 - 54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire', Headland Archaeology Ltd., NSK00

Bibliography: Stronach and Hastie, S a '50-54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire (Kilmarnock parish), evaluation and excavation',Discovery and Excavation, Scotland,2,2001, pp.29,2002

Spatial Extent of Event: S = up to 100m, M = up to 1km, L => 1km Page 1 of 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVENT REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS EVENT ID: 226 ARCHAEOLOGY 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

Archaeological excavation at 50-54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock

DIRECTOR: Stronach, S. Developer Funded:

ORGANISATION: Headland Archaeology Ltd

YEAR: 2001 DATE COMMENT:

EXTENT: S X-COORD: 242705 Y-COORD: 637855

COUNCIL: East Ayrshire

CONTEXT: 300 square metres area excavation within standing buildings in pre-emptive mitigation of disturbance to be caused by demolition prior to re-development. (Following from evaluation - see Event 225, Archive 1179).

RESULTS: One probable medieval feature and a drystone-lined well found, along with modern features. Low density of early features, but heavy truncation of site in recent times.

NOTES: To the rear of the frontage in the northernmost property, a drystane well was discovered. It was constructed from moderate to large rounded boulders against the sides of a circular cut with a diameter of 1.8m. The backfill of this well was found to contain two small pieces of pottery, one being a white gritty fabric of medieval date, while the other was a blue transfer printed earthenware likely to be of 19th century date.

A small irregular feature of possibly medieval date was identified running beneath the standing frontage. It was filled with silt containing occasional stone, coal and two lumps of heated clay or daub. The feature predates the standing building, which is tentatively dated to the 18th century.

Eight small shallow circular scoops were identified in the surface of the subsoil, all found to be filled with crushed lime and lumps of plaster, some of which was found to come from a moulded fitting, possibly a ceiling rose. To the rear of the property were two curvlinear grooves, both filled with loose dark silty sand containing white and brown glazed earthenware. These features, and the shallow scoops, were interpreted as dating to the post-medieval or modern period.

WoSAS Archive Holdings: WoSAS Archive Number 1178: Stronach, S, '2001, Results of an archaeological excavation at 50 - 54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire', Headland Archaeology Ltd., NSK00

Bibliography: Stronach and Hastie, S a '50-54 Bank Street, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire (Kilmarnock parish), evaluation and excavation',Discovery and Excavation, Scotland,2,2001, pp.29,2002

Spatial Extent of Event: S = up to 100m, M = up to 1km, L => 1km Page 1 of 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVENT REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS EVENT ID: 1169 ARCHAEOLOGY 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

Evaluation and excavation: College Wynd, Kilmarnock.

DIRECTOR: Addayman, T. Developer Funded:

ORGANISATION: Addyman Associates

YEAR: 2003 DATE COMMENT:

EXTENT: S X-COORD: 242703 Y-COORD: 637960

COUNCIL: East Ayrshire

CONTEXT: Watching brief and excavation took place in advance of construction of a two storey office building because of the position of the proposed development in the core of the medieval town, close to the site of the Laigh Kirk

RESULTS: Significant post medieval (poss. medieval) deposits, three phases of occupation, structure and surfaces.

NOTES: During the initial phase of the construction process, a single trench corresponding to the planned footprint of the office building was opened under close archaeological supervision to a depth of 0.3 m, using a JCB fitted with a 1.5m wide toothless ditching bucket. While the material removed during this stage appeared to be consistent with the recent demolition of the preceding structure, it was apparent that potentially significant archaeological deposits survived just below this level. As a result of this, and in consultation with WoSAS, it became necessary to invoke the mitigation phase of the pre-excavation archaeological scheme of investigation, which required that all surviving deposits be recorded and excavated prior to the continuation of the construction process. In addition, further renches were necessary within the footprint of the structure, relating to the foundation walls of the proposed office. These were excavated to an additional depth of 0.3m by a JCB fitted with a 0.6m wide toothless bucket. Each of these foundation trenches was cleaned by hand, photographed, drawn and recorded in written form. The extent of these trenches was determined solely by the levels required by the construction process, although in most cases this resulted in cuts that extended below any archaeological deposits into the natural subsoil.

The excavations revealed that significant archaeological deposits survived on the site, relating to at least three phases of activity or occupation. In particular, a number of structural features wereobserved, including will-lines, floor levels and yard surfaces.

Although excavation revealed the presence of significant archaeological deposits on the site, these did not appear to represent the remains of a long and consistent sequence of occupation. While pottery shards dating to the 14th and 15th centuries were recovered from deposits 103 and 188, these were isolated, residual examples, and appeared within contexts containing much later pottery, suggesting that the features themselves must have been formed after this period. The presence of the early ceramics suggests that there was some activity in the immediate area during earlier periods. However this comes as little surprise given the proximity of the site to the Collegiate Church (the site of the present Laigh Kirk) and the presumed urban nucleus of the kirk-town of Kilmamock.

The earliest demonstrable structural remains on the sits consist of the clay-bonded wall footings of the SE gable wall of the 6ontage range and the adjacent section of the rear wall of the same range. The rear wall of the 6ontage range was also was traced further to the NW and, while its details were not fully examined, this may well ultimately be of similar antiquity. The clay-bonded footings failed to produce any diagnostic finds or other dating evidence. A 17th or early 18th century date is perhaps most likely given that ceramics of that vintage were recovered from the garden soils of the back- land area behind. It is clear that the frontage range stood alone for some considerable period – long

Spatial Extent of Event: S = up to 100m, M = up to 1km, L => 1km Page 1 of 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVENT REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS EVENT ID: 1169 ARCHAEOLOGY 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

enough for garden soil deposits to develop behind - before the erection of the rear range. A notable feature of deposition on the site was the very high relative level at which sterile natural subsoil was encountered in the area of the street frontage, particularly to the SE at about 0.30m below the street paving. It would seem that, if there had been a long occupation of the site, any such evidence would have been repeatedly scoured with each reconstruction of the range.

It is possible that the long and narrow early rear range (which abuts the frontage range) evolved in two stages, although it was not possible to demonstrate this on account of the poor preservation of the archaeological evidence at the junction at the internal cross wall. A later 18th or early 19th century date is suggested for the construction of this range. Of perhaps similar date are the well and building that partly encloses it in the SW sector of the site (is the well an earlier feature that was incorporated into a later construction?). This building seems to be the same as that first reliably depicted on the 1857 Ordnance Survey. The excavated remains of the cobbled courtyard respects this structure, the rear range and the rear wall of the frontage range. The contiguously cobbled pend leading from the street 6ontage is of uncertain antiquity - could this have been a somewhat later development (part of an earlier 6ontage structure removed to admit its passage)? The wall that defined the SE side of the pend was broad and mortar-bonded, suggesting that it was somewhat more recent than the rear and SE gable walls of the 6ontage range. Its thickness may suggest a free-standing gable or the provision of fireplaces/flues (or both). This wall also appears to have been modified with the insertion of entrances, the masonry of which contains mid-late 18th century bricks.

In the later 19th century the entirety of the site area was cleared and a much larger building erected, although on a similar L-shaped plan. The pend seems to have survived in its earlier location. The remaining walls of this structure were assessed before the general clearance of the site and only the SW gable wall of the rear range and the SE boundary wall and SE gable wall of the frontage range found to retain masonry deriving 6om the earlier buildings on the site. With the exception of the former, which still survives, all of these walls were either without early features or had been heavily disturbed by later intrusions. Derived from Addyman Data Structure Report

WoSAS Archive Holdings: WoSAS Archive Number 1572: Addyman, T & O'Hare, M., '2003, College Wynd, Kilmarnock. East Ayrshire. Archaeological Evaluation', Addyman Associates Ltd.,

Bibliography:

Spatial Extent of Event: S = up to 100m, M = up to 1km, L => 1km Page 2 of 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVENT REPORT WEST of SCOTLAND WoSAS EVENT ID: 3249 ARCHAEOLOGY 20 India Street, GLASGOW G2 4PF SERVICE Tel: 0141 287 8330 Fax: 0141 287 9529 email: [email protected]

Archaeological Evaluation: 4 - 16 John Finnie Street, Kilmarnock

DIRECTOR: Gordon, D. Developer Funded:

ORGANISATION: Rathmell Archaeology Group

YEAR: 2004 DATE COMMENT: Single day investigation.

EXTENT: X-COORD: 242720 Y-COORD: 638120

COUNCIL: East Ayrshire

CONTEXT: A programme of archaeological investigative works was undertaken on 0.04ha of ground at 4 - 16 John Finnie Street, Kilmarnock, in advance of the redevelopment of the site. Two evaluation trenches, totalling some 48sqm, were opened.

RESULTS: A number of features were identified. Three walls were uncovered, relating to the demolished opera house, as was a rectangular pit containing 20th century pottery. These were assessed to be of low archaeological significance.

NOTES: Overall, the features identified in the evaluation trenches appeared to be modern (ie, post-19th century) in origin, and of a conventional character for such an area. The entire site was found to be covered in rubble to a depth of up to 400mm. This was general demolition rubble, containing ceramic building material and stone. The subsoil was a typical Kilmarnock clay, being orange- brown in colour and extremely firm. The shallowness of the clay subsoil suggests that Strand Street was built straight on to the natural subsoil, and hence is a sound reflection of the pre-burghal topography. The Rathmell report contained the proposal that the proposed development will not adversely impact on any archaeological remains, and recommended that no further archaeological works would be necessary should the development proceed.

WoSAS Archive Holdings: WoSAS Archive Number 1984: Gordon, D., '2004, John Finnie Street, Kilmarnock: Archaeological Works', Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Project Code: 04013

Bibliography:

Spatial Extent of Event: S = up to 100m, M = up to 1km, L => 1km Page 1 of 1 „

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24 October 2007 Kilmarnock John Finnie Street and 206068 Bank Street Conservation Area

Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan

DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this Conservation Area Management Plan, the definitions given in BS BS7913 Guide to the Principles of the Conservation of Historic Buildings shall broadly apply as follows. The terms defined are those which can be regarded as having precise or technical meanings in the context of building conservation. No definitions are offered for such general terms as refurbishment, rehabilitation or renovation.

Alteration

Construction work, the object of which is to change or improve the function of a building or artefact or to modify its appearance.

Archaeology

Scientific study and interpretation of the past, based on the uncovering, retrieval, recording and interpretation of information from physical evidence.

Conservation

Action to secure the survival or preservation of buildings, cultural artefacts, natural resources, energy or any other thing of acknowledged value for the future. NOTE. Where buildings or artefacts are involved, such actions should avoid significant loss of authenticity or essential qualities.

Conservation area

Area of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which is desirable to preserve or enhance.

CCConversion Conversion

Alteration, the object of which is a change of use or a building or artefact, from one use or type to another.

DDDesign Design

Abstract concept of a building or artefact. It can exist in the mind or on paper and if realised, it can be represented in the building or artefact itself. NOTE. The design of a building can be original and unaltered, or it can be a composite made up of a series of successive designs.

FFFabric Fabric

Physical material of which a building or artefact is made. NOTE. Its state at any particular time will be a product of the original design and of everything to which it has been subject in the course of its history, including deliberate alterations based on well considered secondary or subsequent designs, careless changes, the effects over time of weather and use, damage and decay.

IIIntervention Intervention

Any action which has a physical effect on the fabric of a building or artefact.

MMMaintenance Maintenance

Routine work necessary to keep the fabric of a building, the moving parts of machinery, grounds, gardens or any other artefact, in good order.

Austin-Smith:Lord LLP East Ayrshire Council

24 October 2007 Kilmarnock John Finnie Street and 206068 Bank Street Conservation Area

Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan

DEFINITIONS

PPPreservation Preservation

State of survival of a building or artefact, whether by historical accident or through a combination of protection and active conservation.

PPProtection Protection

Provision of legal restraints or controls on the destruction or damaging of buildings or artefacts, natural features, systems, sites, areas or other things of acknowledged value, with a view to their survival or preservation for the future.

RRRebuilding Rebuilding

Remaking, on the basis of a recorded or reconstructed design, a building or part of a building or artefact which has been irretrievably damaged or destroyed.

RRReconstructionReconstruction

Re-establishment of what occurred or what existed in the past, on the basis of documentary or physical evidence. The strength of this evidence determines how accurate or hypothetical the reconstruction is.

RRRepair Repair

Work beyond the scope of regular maintenance to remedy defects, significant decay or damage caused deliberately or by accident, neglect, normal weathering or wear and tear, the object of which is to return the building or artefact to good order, without alteration or restoration.

RRReplication Replication

Making an exact copy or copies of a building or artefact.

RRRestoration Restoration

Alteration of a building, part of a building or artefact which has decayed, been lost or damaged or is thought to have been inappropriately repaired or altered in the past, the objective of which is to make it conform again to its design or appearance at a previous date. The accuracy of any restoration depends on the extent to which the original design or appearance at a previous date is known, or can be established by research; there is a general presumption against conjectural restoration.

RRReversibility Reversibility

The concept of work to a building, part of a building or artefact being carried out in such a way that it can be reversed at some future time, without any significant damage having being done.