Learning to Program with Perl
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PHP Programming Cookbook I
PHP Programming Cookbook i PHP Programming Cookbook PHP Programming Cookbook ii Contents 1 PHP Tutorial for Beginners 1 1.1 Introduction......................................................1 1.1.1 Where is PHP used?.............................................1 1.1.2 Why PHP?..................................................2 1.2 XAMPP Setup....................................................3 1.3 PHP Language Basics.................................................5 1.3.1 Escaping to PHP...............................................5 1.3.2 Commenting PHP..............................................5 1.3.3 Hello World..................................................6 1.3.4 Variables in PHP...............................................6 1.3.5 Conditional Statements in PHP........................................7 1.3.6 Loops in PHP.................................................8 1.4 PHP Arrays...................................................... 10 1.5 PHP Functions.................................................... 12 1.6 Connecting to a Database............................................... 14 1.6.1 Connecting to MySQL Databases...................................... 14 1.6.2 Connecting to MySQLi Databases (Procedurial).............................. 14 1.6.3 Connecting to MySQLi databases (Object-Oriented)............................ 15 1.6.4 Connecting to PDO Databases........................................ 15 1.7 PHP Form Handling................................................. 15 1.8 PHP Include & Require Statements......................................... -
Object-Oriented Programming Basics with Java
Object-Oriented Programming Object-Oriented Programming Basics With Java In his keynote address to the 11th World Computer Congress in 1989, renowned computer scientist Donald Knuth said that one of the most important lessons he had learned from his years of experience is that software is hard to write! Computer scientists have struggled for decades to design new languages and techniques for writing software. Unfortunately, experience has shown that writing large systems is virtually impossible. Small programs seem to be no problem, but scaling to large systems with large programming teams can result in $100M projects that never work and are thrown out. The only solution seems to lie in writing small software units that communicate via well-defined interfaces and protocols like computer chips. The units must be small enough that one developer can understand them entirely and, perhaps most importantly, the units must be protected from interference by other units so that programmers can code the units in isolation. The object-oriented paradigm fits these guidelines as designers represent complete concepts or real world entities as objects with approved interfaces for use by other objects. Like the outer membrane of a biological cell, the interface hides the internal implementation of the object, thus, isolating the code from interference by other objects. For many tasks, object-oriented programming has proven to be a very successful paradigm. Interestingly, the first object-oriented language (called Simula, which had even more features than C++) was designed in the 1960's, but object-oriented programming has only come into fashion in the 1990's. -
The Machine That Builds Itself: How the Strengths of Lisp Family
Khomtchouk et al. OPINION NOTE The Machine that Builds Itself: How the Strengths of Lisp Family Languages Facilitate Building Complex and Flexible Bioinformatic Models Bohdan B. Khomtchouk1*, Edmund Weitz2 and Claes Wahlestedt1 *Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract 1Center for Therapeutic Innovation and Department of We address the need for expanding the presence of the Lisp family of Psychiatry and Behavioral programming languages in bioinformatics and computational biology research. Sciences, University of Miami Languages of this family, like Common Lisp, Scheme, or Clojure, facilitate the Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th ST, Miami, FL, USA creation of powerful and flexible software models that are required for complex 33136 and rapidly evolving domains like biology. We will point out several important key Full list of author information is features that distinguish languages of the Lisp family from other programming available at the end of the article languages and we will explain how these features can aid researchers in becoming more productive and creating better code. We will also show how these features make these languages ideal tools for artificial intelligence and machine learning applications. We will specifically stress the advantages of domain-specific languages (DSL): languages which are specialized to a particular area and thus not only facilitate easier research problem formulation, but also aid in the establishment of standards and best programming practices as applied to the specific research field at hand. DSLs are particularly easy to build in Common Lisp, the most comprehensive Lisp dialect, which is commonly referred to as the “programmable programming language.” We are convinced that Lisp grants programmers unprecedented power to build increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence systems that may ultimately transform machine learning and AI research in bioinformatics and computational biology. -
[PDF] Beginning Raku
Beginning Raku Arne Sommer Version 1.00, 22.12.2019 Table of Contents Introduction. 1 The Little Print . 1 Reading Tips . 2 Content . 3 1. About Raku. 5 1.1. Rakudo. 5 1.2. Running Raku in the browser . 6 1.3. REPL. 6 1.4. One Liners . 8 1.5. Running Programs . 9 1.6. Error messages . 9 1.7. use v6. 10 1.8. Documentation . 10 1.9. More Information. 13 1.10. Speed . 13 2. Variables, Operators, Values and Procedures. 15 2.1. Output with say and print . 15 2.2. Variables . 15 2.3. Comments. 17 2.4. Non-destructive operators . 18 2.5. Numerical Operators . 19 2.6. Operator Precedence . 20 2.7. Values . 22 2.8. Variable Names . 24 2.9. constant. 26 2.10. Sigilless variables . 26 2.11. True and False. 27 2.12. // . 29 3. The Type System. 31 3.1. Strong Typing . 31 3.2. ^mro (Method Resolution Order) . 33 3.3. Everything is an Object . 34 3.4. Special Values . 36 3.5. :D (Defined Adverb) . 38 3.6. Type Conversion . 39 3.7. Comparison Operators . 42 4. Control Flow . 47 4.1. Blocks. 47 4.2. Ranges (A Short Introduction). 47 4.3. loop . 48 4.4. for . 49 4.5. Infinite Loops. 53 4.6. while . 53 4.7. until . 54 4.8. repeat while . 55 4.9. repeat until. 55 4.10. Loop Summary . 56 4.11. if . .. -
Cygwin User's Guide
Cygwin User’s Guide Cygwin User’s Guide ii Copyright © Cygwin authors Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this documentation provided the copyright notice and this per- mission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this documentation under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this documentation into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved by the Free Software Foundation. Cygwin User’s Guide iii Contents 1 Cygwin Overview 1 1.1 What is it? . .1 1.2 Quick Start Guide for those more experienced with Windows . .1 1.3 Quick Start Guide for those more experienced with UNIX . .1 1.4 Are the Cygwin tools free software? . .2 1.5 A brief history of the Cygwin project . .2 1.6 Highlights of Cygwin Functionality . .3 1.6.1 Introduction . .3 1.6.2 Permissions and Security . .3 1.6.3 File Access . .3 1.6.4 Text Mode vs. Binary Mode . .4 1.6.5 ANSI C Library . .4 1.6.6 Process Creation . .5 1.6.6.1 Problems with process creation . .5 1.6.7 Signals . .6 1.6.8 Sockets . .6 1.6.9 Select . .7 1.7 What’s new and what changed in Cygwin . .7 1.7.1 What’s new and what changed in 3.2 . -
Files: Cpan/Test-Harness/* Copyright: Copyright (C) 2007-2011
Files: cpan/Test-Harness/* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2007-2011, Andy Armstrong <[email protected]>. All rights reserved. License: GPL-1+ or Artistic Comment: This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. Files: cpan/Test-Harness/lib/TAP/Parser.pm Copyright: Copyright 2006-2008 Curtis "Ovid" Poe, all rights reserved. License: GPL-1+ or Artistic Comment: This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. Files: cpan/Test-Harness/lib/TAP/Parser/YAMLish/Reader.pm Copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 Andy Armstrong. Portions copyright 2006-2008 Adam Kennedy. License: GPL-1+ or Artistic Comment: This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. Files: cpan/Test-Simple/* Copyright: Copyright 2001-2008 by Michael G Schwern <[email protected]>. License: GPL-1+ or Artistic Comment: This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. Files: cpan/Test-Simple/lib/Test/Builder.pm Copyright: Copyright 2002-2008 by chromatic <[email protected]> and Michael G Schwern E<[email protected]>. License: GPL-1+ or Artistic 801 Comment: This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. Files: cpan/Test-Simple/lib/Test/Builder/Tester/Color.pm Copyright: Copyright Mark Fowler <[email protected]> 2002. License: GPL-1+ or Artistic Comment: This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. -
A First Course to Openfoam
Basic Shell Scripting Slides from Wei Feinstein HPC User Services LSU HPC & LON [email protected] September 2018 Outline • Introduction to Linux Shell • Shell Scripting Basics • Variables/Special Characters • Arithmetic Operations • Arrays • Beyond Basic Shell Scripting – Flow Control – Functions • Advanced Text Processing Commands (grep, sed, awk) Basic Shell Scripting 2 Linux System Architecture Basic Shell Scripting 3 Linux Shell What is a Shell ▪ An application running on top of the kernel and provides a command line interface to the system ▪ Process user’s commands, gather input from user and execute programs ▪ Types of shell with varied features o sh o csh o ksh o bash o tcsh Basic Shell Scripting 4 Shell Comparison Software sh csh ksh bash tcsh Programming language y y y y y Shell variables y y y y y Command alias n y y y y Command history n y y y y Filename autocompletion n y* y* y y Command line editing n n y* y y Job control n y y y y *: not by default http://www.cis.rit.edu/class/simg211/unixintro/Shell.html Basic Shell Scripting 5 What can you do with a shell? ▪ Check the current shell ▪ echo $SHELL ▪ List available shells on the system ▪ cat /etc/shells ▪ Change to another shell ▪ csh ▪ Date ▪ date ▪ wget: get online files ▪ wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-7.1.0/gcc-7.1.0.tar.gz ▪ Compile and run applications ▪ gcc hello.c –o hello ▪ ./hello ▪ What we need to learn today? o Automation of an entire script of commands! o Use the shell script to run jobs – Write job scripts Basic Shell Scripting 6 Shell Scripting ▪ Script: a program written for a software environment to automate execution of tasks ▪ A series of shell commands put together in a file ▪ When the script is executed, those commands will be executed one line at a time automatically ▪ Shell script is interpreted, not compiled. -
Automating Your Sync Testing
APPLICATION NOTE By automating system verification and conformance testing to ITU-T synchronization standards, you’ll save on time and resources, and avoid potential test execution errors. This application note describes how you can use the Paragon-X’s Script Recorder to easily record Tcl, PERL and Python commands that can be integrated into your own test scripts for fast and efficient automated testing. AUTOMATING YOUR SYNC TESTING calnexsol.com Easily automate synchronization testing using the Paragon-X Fast and easy automation by Supports the key test languages Pre-prepared G.8262 Conformance recording GUI key presses Tcl, PERL and Python Scripts reduces test execution errors <Tcl> <PERL> <python> If you perform System Verification language you want to record i.e. Tcl, PERL SyncE CONFORMANCE TEST and Conformance Testing to ITU-T or Python, then select Start. synchronization standards on a regular Calnex provides Conformance Test Scripts basis, you’ll know that manual operation to ITU-T G.8262 for SyncE conformance of these tests can be time consuming, testing using the Paragon-X. These tedious and prone to operator error — as test scripts can also be easily tailored well as tying up much needed resources. and edited to meet your exact test Automation is the answer but very often requirements. This provides an easy means a lack of time and resource means it of getting your test automation up and remains on the ‘To do’ list. Now, with running and providing a repeatable means Calnex’s new Script Recorder feature, you of proving performance, primarily for ITU-T can get your automation up and running standards conformance. -
Learning Perl Through Examples Part 2 L1110@BUMC 2/22/2017
www.perl.org Learning Perl Through Examples Part 2 L1110@BUMC 2/22/2017 Yun Shen, Programmer Analyst [email protected] IS&T Research Computing Services Spring 2017 Tutorial Resource Before we start, please take a note - all the codes and www.perl.org supporting documents are accessible through: • http://rcs.bu.edu/examples/perl/tutorials/ Yun Shen, Programmer Analyst [email protected] IS&T Research Computing Services Spring 2017 Sign In Sheet We prepared sign-in sheet for each one to sign www.perl.org We do this for internal management and quality control So please SIGN IN if you haven’t done so Yun Shen, Programmer Analyst [email protected] IS&T Research Computing Services Spring 2017 Evaluation One last piece of information before we start: www.perl.org • DON’T FORGET TO GO TO: • http://rcs.bu.edu/survey/tutorial_evaluation.html Leave your feedback for this tutorial (both good and bad as long as it is honest are welcome. Thank you) Yun Shen, Programmer Analyst [email protected] IS&T Research Computing Services Spring 2017 Today’s Topic • Basics on creating your code www.perl.org • About Today’s Example • Learn Through Example 1 – fanconi_example_io.pl • Learn Through Example 2 – fanconi_example_str_process.pl • Learn Through Example 3 – fanconi_example_gene_anno.pl • Extra Examples (if time permit) Yun Shen, Programmer Analyst [email protected] IS&T Research Computing Services Spring 2017 www.perl.org Basics on creating your code How to combine specs, tools, modules and knowledge. Yun Shen, Programmer Analyst [email protected] IS&T Research Computing -
Building Performance Measurement Tools for the MINIX 3 Operating System
Building Performance Measurement Tools for the MINIX 3 Operating System Rogier Meurs August 2006 Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Measuring Performance 1 1.2 MINIX 3 2 2 STATISTICAL PROFILING 3 2.1 Introduction 3 2.2 In Search of a Timer 3 2.2.1 i8259 Timers 3 2.2.2 CMOS Real-Time Clock 3 2.3 High-level Description 4 2.4 Work Done in User-Space 5 2.4.1 The SPROFILE System Call 5 2.5 Work Done in Kernel-Space 5 2.5.1 The SPROF Kernel Call 5 2.5.2 Profiling using the CMOS Timer Interrupt 6 2.6 Work Done at the Application Level 7 2.6.1 Control Tool: profile 7 2.6.2 Analyzing Tool: sprofalyze.pl 7 2.7 What Can and What Cannot be Profiled 8 2.8 Profiling Results 8 2.8.1 High Scoring IPC Functions 8 2.8.2 Interrupt Delay 9 2.8.3 Profiling Runs on Simulator and Other CPU Models 12 2.9 Side-effect of Using the CMOS Clock 12 3 CALL PROFILING 13 3.1 Introduction 13 3.1.1 Compiler-supported Call Profiling 13 3.1.2 Call Paths, Call and Cycle Attribution 13 3.2 High-level Description 14 3.3 Work Done in User-Space 15 3.3.1 The CPROFILE System Call 15 3.4 Work Done in Kernel-Space 16 3.4.1 The PROFBUF and CPROF Kernel Calls 16 3.5 Work Done in Libraries 17 3.5.1 Profiling Using Library Functions 17 3.5.2 The Procentry Library Function 17 3.5.3 The Procexit Library Function 20 3.5.4 The Call Path String 22 3.5.5 Testing Overhead Elimination 23 3.6 Profiling Kernel-Space/User-Space Processes 24 3.6.1 Differences in Announcing and Table Sizes 24 3.6.2 Kernel-Space Issue: Reentrancy 26 3.6.3 Kernel-Space Issue: The Call Path 26 3.7 Work Done at the Application -
An Introduction to Raku
Perl6 An Introduction Perl6 Raku An Introduction The nuts and bolts ● Spec tests ○ Complete test suite for the language. ○ Anything that passes the suite is Raku. The nuts and bolts ● Spec tests ○ Complete test suite for the language. ○ Anything that passes the suite is Raku. ● Rakudo ○ Compiler, compiles Raku to be run on a number of target VM’s (92% written in Raku) The nuts and bolts ● Spec tests ○ Complete test suite for the language. ○ Anything that passes the suite is Raku. ● Rakudo ○ Compiler, compiles Raku to be run on a number of target VM’s (92% written in Raku) ● MoarVM ○ Short for "Metamodel On A Runtime" ○ Threaded, garbage collected VM optimised for Raku The nuts and bolts ● Spec tests ○ Complete test suite for the language. ○ Anything that passes the suite is Raku. ● Rakudo ○ Compiler, compiles Raku to be run on a number of target VM’s (92% written in Raku) ● MoarVM ○ Short for "Metamodel On A Runtime" ○ Threaded, garbage collected VM optimised for Raku ● JVM ○ The Java Virtual machine. The nuts and bolts ● Spec tests ○ Complete test suite for the language. ○ Anything that passes the suite is Raku. ● Rakudo ○ Compiler, compiles Raku to be run on a number of target VM’s (92% written in Raku) ● MoarVM ○ Short for "Metamodel On A Runtime" ○ Threaded, garbage collected VM optimised for Raku ● JVM ○ The Java Virtual machine. ● Rakudo JS (Experimental) ○ Compiles your Raku to a Javascript file that can run in a browser Multiple Programming Paradigms What’s your poison? Multiple Programming Paradigms What’s your poison? ● Functional -
Bash Guide for Beginners
Bash Guide for Beginners Machtelt Garrels Garrels BVBA <tille wants no spam _at_ garrels dot be> Version 1.11 Last updated 20081227 Edition Bash Guide for Beginners Table of Contents Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................1 1. Why this guide?...................................................................................................................................1 2. Who should read this book?.................................................................................................................1 3. New versions, translations and availability.........................................................................................2 4. Revision History..................................................................................................................................2 5. Contributions.......................................................................................................................................3 6. Feedback..............................................................................................................................................3 7. Copyright information.........................................................................................................................3 8. What do you need?...............................................................................................................................4 9. Conventions used in this