Scotia Historic Assessment Study
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
October 24, 2007 Scotia Historic Assessment Study Scotia, California County of Humboldt Owners: Pacific Lumber Company, LLC P.O. Box 37 Scotia, California 95565 <www.pacificlumber.com> Consultant: Gerald T. Takano TBA West, Inc. 631 Pointe Pacific Drive #6 Daly City, California 94014 650 756 4888 [email protected] Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................1 2.0 Historical Background ................................................................................2 2.1 Location Map..............................................................................................2 2.2 Historical Context of Study Area...............................................................3 2.3 Historical Chronology .................................................................................4 2.3.1 1849 – 1905........................................................................................4 2.3.2 1906 - 1945 ........................................................................................5 2.3.3 1946 – 1987........................................................................................6 2.3.4 1988 – 2000........................................................................................7 2.3.5 2001 – Present...................................................................................9 2.4 Description of Historical Development..................................................10 3.0 Description of the Historical Resource...................................................11 3.1 Physical appearance and condition of buildings on the subject site ...............................................................................................................11 3.1.1 Residential Typology: Domesticity in Scotia ..............................11 3.1.2 Industrial Typology .........................................................................14 3.1.3 Commercial and Institutional Typology .....................................17 3.1.4 Recreational and Landscape Areas ..........................................20 3.1.5 Roadways, Sidewalks, Retaining Walls.......................................22 3.2 Architectural Style and Defining Features of Both Exterior and Interior of Historic Resources....................................................................23 3.2.1 Residential Buildings ......................................................................23 3.2.2 Commercial, Institutional and Recreational Buildings.............24 3.2.3 Industrial Buildings ..........................................................................28 4.0 Evaluation of Significance.......................................................................29 4.1 Basis of Significance .................................................................................29 4.1.1 Criterion A - Events.........................................................................29 4.1.2 Criterion B - Persons .......................................................................29 4.1.3 Criterion C - Design or Construction ...........................................29 4.1.4 Criterion D - Potential information...............................................30 4.2 Assessment of Integrity.............................................................................30 4.2.1 Location ..........................................................................................30 4.2.2 Design..............................................................................................32 4.2.3 Setting..............................................................................................34 4.2.4 Materials..........................................................................................35 4.2.5 Workmanship and State of Condition ........................................37 4.2.6 Feeling and Association ...............................................................38 4.2.7 Archaeology...................................................................................40 4.2.8 Resources in Addition to the Built Environment.........................40 Scotia Historic Assessment Study i 4.3 Period of Significance (1896 – 1959) .....................................................40 5.0 Impact of Proposed Action.....................................................................41 6.0 Mitigation ...................................................................................................43 Exhibits 1. Historic Area Map of Scotia 2. Inventory of industrial Sites and Contributing Features 3. Inventory of Residential Sites and Contributing Features 4. Inventory of Commercial/Institutional Sites and Contributing Features 5. Inventory of Other Sites and Contributing Features Scotia Historic Assessment Study ii 1.0 Introduction In compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) determination of impacts from the proposed project on historical and cultural resources, an assessment was conducted to confirm whether resources are potentially eligible for listing in the California Register of Historic Resources and/or the County of Humboldt’s local register. Resources at Scotia were determined “highly significant” if it: § Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage; § Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past; § Embodies distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction; or § Has yielded or may be likely to yield information important in prehistory or history. The period of significance is the date or span of time within which significant events transpired, or significant individuals made their important contributions. Based on the findings for Scotia, the period of significance is between 1896 and 1959. In addition to having significance, a resource must have integrity. Integrity is defined as the authenticity of a historical resource’s physical identity as evidenced by the survival of characteristics or historic fabric that existed during the resource’s period of significance. Alterations to a resource or changes in its use over time may have historical, cultural, or architectural significance. However, a historic resource must retain enough of their historic character or appearance to be recognizable as historical resources, and to convey the resources for significance. In most cases, the resource must be at least 50 years old. Historic Districts are a concentration of historic buildings, structures, objects, or sites within precise boundaries that share a common historical, cultural or architectural background. Individual resources within an historic district may lack individual significance but be considered a contributor to the significance of the historic district. In terms of this assessment, significance resources that are components of the district are referred to as “contributing.” “Non contributing” sites, although located in a district, do not possess integrity within the period of significance. Scotia Historic Assessment Study 1 The rights and responsibilities of the current owners of the properties, Pacific Lumber Company LLC (PALCO), are the same as those of owners of non-historic properties. Listing does not prevent the use, sale, or transfer of the property. Listing does not give either the state or federal government any additional authority over the property. Although it is the intention of PALCO not to seek historic district designation status, the assessment of effects of the proposed project is based on a potential historic district as defined by the County of Humboldt. Historic districts include a definable, geographic entity that possesses a significant concentration, linkage, or continuity of sites, buildings, structures, or objects united historically or aesthetically by plan or physical development. Historical resources include, but are not limited to, any object, building, structure, site, area, place, record, or manuscript which are historically or archaeologically significant, or are significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic agricultural, educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California. 2.0 Historical Background 2.1 Location Map The town of Scotia, a privately owned community in the unincorporated portions of the County of Humboldt, is situated directly south of towns of Rio Dell and the larger communities of Fortuna, Eureka, and Arcata to the northwest. Forested areas extend to the south of Scotia along the Eel River and Highway 101. The communities of Redcrest, Weott, and Myers Flats and the Humboldt Redwood State Park are also located a few miles to the south. The historical boundaries of urbanized Scotia are: the Eel River to the west and north, Highway Route 101 to the east, and lumber storage and forested areas to the south. The boundaries reflect the extent of urban development in relationship with the lumber milling operations and associated uses and services at Scotia within the period of significance. Growth of the town was substantial during building booms derived from Scotia’s business success, primarily in the early 20th century. In addition, industrial access to Eel River (water transport), railroad, and highway uses contributed to the town’s layout and functionally defined uses. See Appendices and Exhibits. Scotia Historic Assessment Study 2 2.2 Historical Context of Study Area The unifying and thematic framework of Scotia is