Q:ongrcsstonal R~cord United States PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 83d CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION of America
George Kennedy Pastore M assachusetts.-Leverett Saltonstall SENATE Gillette Kerr Payne Goldwater Kilgore Potter and John F. Kennedy. Gore Knowland Purtell Michigan.-Homer Ferguson and WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 6, 1954 Green Kuchel Robertson Charles E. Potter. Griswold Langer Russell · Minnesota.-Edward J. Thye and The 6th day of January being the Hayden Lehman Saltonstall day prescribed by Public Law 199, 83d Hendrickson Lennon Schoeppel Hubert H. Humphrey. Congress, 1st session, for the meeting Hennings Long Smathers Mississippi.-James 0. Eastland and Hlckenlooper !dagnuson Smith, Maine John C. Stennis. of Congress, the 2d session of the 83d Hill Malone Smith, N.J. Congress commenced this day. Hoey Martin Sparkman Missouri.-Thomas C. Hennings and The Senate assembled in its Cham Holland Maybank Stennis Stuart Symington. Humphrey McCarran Symington Montana.-James E. Murray and Mike ber at the Capitol. Hunt McCarthy Thye Manst:eld. RICHARD M. NIXON, of California, Jackson McClellan Watkins Vice President of the United States, Jenner !41llikln Welker Nebraska.-Hugh Butler and Dwight Johnson, Colo. Morse Wiley Griswold. called the Senate to order at 12 o'clock Johnson, Tex. Mundt Williams Nevada.-Pat McCarran and George meridian. · Johnston, S. C. Murray _Young Kefauver Neely W. Malone. The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown New Hampshire.-Styles Bridges and Harris, D. D., of the city of Washington, Mr. SALTONSTALL. I announce that Robert W. Upton. of.:'ered the following prayer: the Senator from Indiana [Mr. CAPE New Jersey.-H. Alexander Smith and Let us lift our hearts in prayer. HART] is absent on official business. Robert C. Hendrickson. Our Father God, who hath made and The Senator from New York [Mr. New Mexico.-Dennis Chavez and preserved us a nation, we thank Thee for IvEs] is absent because of illness. Clinton P. Anderson. new years and for new days, for new Mr. CLEMENTS. I announce that - New York.-Irving M. Ives and Herbert thoughts of Thee and for new hopes for the Senator from illinois [Mr. DouGLAS] H. Lehman. a redeemed humanity and a cleansed and the Senator from Oklahoma [Mr. North Carolina.-Clyde R. Hoey and earth. That hope is brightened and MoNRONEY] are _absent on official busi Alton A. Lennon. · that faith is strengthened as we turn ness. North Dakota.-William Langer and from all beside to an altar of depend The Senator from Montana [Mr. Milton R. Young. ence and contrition where, around our MANsFIELD] is absent because of illness. Ohio.-John W. Bricker and Thomas incompleteness, flows the completeness The VICE PRESIDENT. A quorum is A. Burke. of the divine resources. present. Oklahoma.-Robert S. Kerr and A. S. We pray Thy choicest blessings upon Mike Monroney. these servants of the Nation's welfare, LIST OF SENATORS, BY STATES Oregon.-Guy Cordon and Wayne who with renewed powers and restored Alabama.-Lister Hill and John J. Morse. souls return this day to the high tasks Sparkman. Pennsylvania.-Edward Martin and of this National Chamber of deliberation. Arizona.--Carl Hayden and Barry M. James H. Duff. To Thee we come with a solemn sense Goldwater. Rhode Island.-Theodore Francis of our own inadequacy. With the dim Arkansas.-John L. McClellan and Green and John 0. Pastore. lamps of our own devices we cannot find J. William Fulbright. South Carolina.-Burnet R. Maybank a sure and clear path through th~ tangled Calijornia.-William F. Knowland and and Olin D. Johnston. maze of this stricken generation. May Thomas H. Kuchel. South Dakota.-Karl E. Mundt and no cherished resentments, no camou Colorado.-Edwin C. Johnson and Francis Case. flaged selfishness, no small loyalties nor Eugene D. Millikin. Tennessee.-Estes Kefauver and Al· ingrained prejudices choke and clog the Connecticut.-Prescott Bush and Wil bert Gore. channels of our public service. Enlarge liam A. Purtell. Texas.-Lyndon B. Johnson and Price our spirits to meet the stupendous di Delaware.-John J. Williams and Daniel. mensions of these epic days. J. Allen Frear. Utah.-Arthur V. Watkins and Wal 0 God, to whom the future belongs, Florida.-Spessard L. Holland and ·lace F. Bennett. use us as pioneers of a better world George A. Smathers. Vermont.-George D. Aiken and-Ralph for ourselves .and for all people. We Georgia.-Walter F. George and Rich E. Flanders. ask it in the dear Redeemer's name. ard B. Russell. Virginia.-Harry Flood Byrd and A. Amen. Idaho.-Henry C. Dworshak and Her Willis Robertson. man Welker. Washington.-Warren G. Magnuson and Henry M. Jackson. CALL OF THE RO~ Illinois.-Paul H. Douglas and Everett M. Dirksen. West Virginia.-Harley M. Kilgore and Mr. KNOWLAND. I suggest the ab Indiana.-Homer E. Capehart and Matthew M. Neely. sence of a quorum. Willia:c. E. Jenner. Wisconsin.-Alexander Wiley and Jo· The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk I owa.-Bourke B. Hickenlooper and seph R. McCarthy. will call the roll. Guy M. Gillette. Wyoming.-Lester C. HUnt and Frank The legislative clerk
·SWEARING IN -oF MEMBERS . the Clerk~s office on Sep~mber 28, 1953, and of · the House of Representatives ·from the said to conta~n the Thirty-fourth Report to President of the United States, received in Messrs. NATCHER, WILLIAMS of Congress on Lend-Lease Operations for the the office of the Clerk on August 17, 1953, New Jersey, ·LIPSCOMB, and JOHN· year ending December 31, 1952. said to contain the Report to Congress on the SON of Wisconsin appeared at the bar Respectfully yours, mutual-security program for the 6 months of the House and took the oath of omce. LYLE 0. SNADER, ended June 30, 1953. Clerk of the House of Representatives. Respectfully yours, LYLE 0. SNADER, AUTHORIZING THE SPEAKER TO MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF Clerk of the House of Representati ves. DECLARE A RECESS AT ANY TIME THE UNITED STATES
June 22,.1936; to the Committee on Interior amend the Military Personnel Claims Act of pursuant to section 212 (a) (28) (I) (ii); to and Insular A1fairs. 1945"; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the Committee on the Judiciary. 1006. A letter from the Assistant Secre 1018. A letter from the Secretary, Depart 1029. A letter from the Commissioner, tary of the Interior, transmitting a copy of ment of the Air Force, transmitting a draft Immigration and Naturalization Service, legislation passed by the Municipal Council of legislation entitled "To amend further the United States Department of Justice, trans of St. Croix, Virgin Islands, pursuant to sec act of January 2, 1952, an act to provide mitting copies of orders entered in the cases tion 16 nf the Organic Act of the Virgin for the prompt settlement of claims for dam of a list of aliens who have been found ad Islands of the United States approved June age occasioned by the Army, Navy, and Ma missible into the United States, pursuant to 22, 1936; to the Committee on Interior and rine Corps Forces in Foreign Countries," rela section 212 (a) (28) (I) (ii) of the Immi Insular Affairs. tive to the jurisdictional amount that may gration and Nationality Act; to the Com 1007. A letter from the Assistant Secretary be considered, ascertained, adjusted, deter mittee on the Judiciary. of the Interior, transmitting copies of cer mined, and paid by claims commission; to 1030. A letter from the Commissioner, Im tain bills and resolutions passed by the Mu the Committee on the Judiciary. migration and Naturalization Service, United nicipal Council of St. Thomas and St. John, 1019. A letter from the Assistant Secretary States Department of Justice, transmitting a the Municipal Council of St. Croix and the of the Navy for Air, Department of the Navy, letter relative to the case of Claude Calvert Legislative Assembly of the Virgin Islands, transmitting a report of the payment of Sue, A-3333824, and requesting that it be pursuant to section 16 of the Organic Act of claims for damage occasioned by naval ves withdrawn from those before the Congress the Virgin Islands of the United States ap sels, which have been settled by the Navy and returned to the jurisdiction of the De proved June 22, 1936; to the Committee on Department, pursuant to section 8 of the act partment of Justice; to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. of July 1944 (58 Stat. 726; 46 U.S. C. 797); to the Judiciary. 1008. A letter from the Assistant Secretary the Committee on the Judiciary. 1031. A letter from the Commissioner, Im of the Interior, transmitting copies of cer 1020. A letter from the Assistant Secretary migration and Naturalization Service, United tain bills passed by the Municipal Council of the Navy for Air, Department of the Navy, States Department of Justice, transmitting a of St. Croix, V. I., pursuant to section 16 transmitting a report showing the settlement letter relative to the case of Lam Tim, of the Organic Act of the Virgin Islands of of claims for damage caused to Navy Depart A-9770888, and requesting that it be with ·the United States approved June 22, 1936; ment property, which have been settled by drawn from those before the Congress and to the Committee on Interior and Insular the Navy Department, pursuant to section 2 returned to the jurisdiction of the Depart Affairs. of the act of December 5, 1945 (34 U. S. C. ment of Justice; to the Committee on the 1009. A letter from the Chairman, United 600a); to the Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. States Atomic Energy Commission, trans 1021. A letter from the Director, Legislative 1032. A letter from the Commissioner, Im mitting the annual report of the Atomic Liaison, Department of the Air Force, trans migration and Naturalization Service, United Energy Commission of claims paid under the mitting a report of amounts paid and re States Department of Justice, transmitting a Federal Tort Claims Act, pursuant to sec ceived by the Department of the Air Force, list of names of aliens involving suspension tion 2673 of title 28 of the United States pursuant to the Maritime Claims Act of Oc of deportation, .and requesting that they be Code, for the period July 1, 1952, through tober 20, 1951 (65 Stat. 572; 10 U. S. C. 1861- withdrawn from those before the Congress June 30, 1953; to the Committee on the 1866); to the Committee on the Judiciary. and returned to the jurisdiction of the De Judiciary. 1022. A letter from the Director, Legislative partment of Justice; to the Committee on 1010. A letter from the Acting Secretary Liaison, Department of the Air Force, trans the Judiciary. of Commerce, transmitting a report of all mitting the summery report of claims paid 1033. A letter from the Commissioner, Im claims paid by the Department of Cammer~ under the Military Personnel Claims Act of migration and Naturalization Service, United during fiscal year 1953, pursuant to section 1945, for the fiscal year 1953, pursuant to .States Department of Justice,. transmitting a 404 of the Federal Tort Claims Act, Public the M1litary Personnel Claims Act of 1945, as letter relative to a list of names involving Law 601, 79th Congress; to the Committee amended ( ch. 135, sec. 1, 59 Stat. 225; 31 suspension of deportation, and requesting on the Judiciary. U. S. C. 222c; 61 Stat. 501, 66 Stat. 321, Public that they be withdrawn from those before 1011. A letter from the Administrator, Law 439, 82d Cong., 2d sess., July 3, 1952); the Congress and returned to the jurisdiction Federal Civil Defense Administration, trans to the Committee on the Judiciary. of the Department of Justice; to the Com mitting the annual report of claims paid 1023. A letter from the Director, Legisla mittee on the Judiciary. by the Federal Civil Defense Administration tive Liaison, Department of the Air Force, 1034. A letter from the Commissioner, Im for th3 fiscal year ending June 30, 1953, pur transmitting a report of claims paid for the migration and Naturalization Service, United suant to section 2673 of the Federal Tort fiscal year 1953, pursuant to the Federal Tort States Department of Justice, transmitting Claims Act of 1946, as amended; to the Com Claims Act, as amended and codified (28 copies of orders entered in cases where the mittee on the Judiciary. U. S. C. 2671-2680) as required by section authority contained in section 212 (d) (3) 1012. A letter from the Acting Secretary 2673; to the Committee on the Judiciary. of 'J;he Immigration and Nationality Act was of the Treasury, transmitting a report on the 1024. A letter from the Administrator, exercised in behalf of such aliens, pursuant payment of claims for damage occasioned by General Services Administration, transmit to section 212 (d) ( 6) of the Immigration vessels in the Coast Guard service, which ting a report on tort claims paid by the and Nationality Act; to the Committee on have been settled by the Treasury, pursuant General Services Administration during the the Judiciary. to section 646 (b) of title 14, United States fiscal year 1953, pursuant to title 28, section 1035. A letter from the CommissionfCr. Im Code; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 2673, of the United States Code; to the migration and Naturalization Service, United 1013. A letter from the Acting Secretary Committee on the Judiciary. States Department of Justice, transmitting of the Treasury, transmitting a report listing 1025. A letter from the Administrator, copies of orders entered in cases where the the tort claims approved for payment for Veterans' Administration, transmitting are authority contained in section 212 {d) (3) the fiscal year 1953, pursuant to title 28, port of the tort claims paid by the Veterans' of the Immigration and Nationality Act was United States Code, section 2673; to the Administration during the fiscal year ending exercised in behalf of such aliens, pursuant Committee on the Judiciary. June 30, 1953, pursuant to section 404 of to section 212 (d) (6) of the Immigration 1014. A letter from the Acting Secretary the Federal Tort Claims Act, title IV, Public and Nationality Act; to the Committee. on of the Treasury, transmitting a report on the Law 601, 79th Congress; to the Committee the Judiciary. payment of $4,143.75 to Grace Line, Inc., 2 on the Judiciary. 1036. A letter from the Acting Commis Pine Street, San Francisco, Calif., in full 1026. A letter from the Commissioner, Im sioner, Immigration and Naturalization Serv settlement of claim for damage to the motor migration and Naturalization Service, United ice, United States Department of Justice, ship Coastal Nomad, pursuant to 14 United States Department of Justice, transmitting transmitting copies of orders entered in cases States Code 646 (b); to the Committee on copies of orders entered in the cases of a list where the authority contained in section the Judiciary. of aliens who have been found admissible 212 (d) (3) of the Immigration and Nation 1015. A letter from the Director, Central into the United States, pursuant to section ality Act was exercised in behalf of such Intelligence Agency, transmitting a report 212 (a) (28) (I) (11) of the Immigration and aliens, pursuant to section 212 (d) (6) of the of claims paid by the Central Intelligence Nationality Act; to the Committee on the Immigration and Nationality Act; to the Agency for the fiscal year 1953, pursuant to Judiciary. Committee on the Judiciary. section 404 of the Federal Tort Claims Act of 1027. A letter from the Commissioner, Im 1037. A letter from the Commissioner, Im 1946 (Public Law 601, 79th Cong.); to the migration and Naturalization Service, United migration and Naturalization Service, United Committee on the_Judiciary. States Department of Justice, transmitting States Department of Justice, transmitting 1016. A letter from the Secretary-Treas ·a copy of an order entered in the case of a copies of orders entered in cases where the urer, the Military Chaplains Association of certain named alien who has been found authority contained in section 212 (d) (3) the United States of America, transmitting admissible into the·united States, pursuant of the Immigration and Nationality Act was the annual report of the proceedings, in to section 212 (a) (28) (I) (ii) of the Immi exercised in behalf of such aliens, pursuant cluding financial report, of the Military gration and Nationality Act; to the Com to section 212 (d) (6) of the Immigration Chaplains Association of the United States mittee on the Judiciary. and Nationality Act; to the Committee on of America, pursuant to section 7 of Public 1028 ~ A letter from the Acting Commis the Judiciary. Law 792, 81st Congress; to the Committee on sioner, Immigration and Naturalization 1038. A letter from the Commissioner, Im the Judiciary. Service, United States Department of Justice, migration and Naturalization Service, United 1017. A letter from the Secretary of the transmitting copies of orders entered in the States Department of Justice, transmitting Department of the Air Force, transmitting a cases of a list of aliens who have been copies of orders entered in ca.Ses where the draft o! legislation entitled "To further found admissible into the United States, authority contained 1n section 212 (d) (3) 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE- 17. of the Immigration and Nationality Act was 1049. A letter from the Executive Officer, the Committee on Interstate and Foreign exercised in behalf of such aliens, pursuant National Capital Planning Commission, Commerce. to section 212 (d) (6) of the Immigration transmitting the land-acquisitions report for 1061. A letter from the Chairman, Federal and Nationality Act; to the Committee on the fiscal year ending June 30, 1953, cover- . Power Commission, transmitting a report on the Judiciary. ing acquisitions for parks, parkways, and licensed hydroelectric projects and on per 1039. A letter from the Commissioner, Im playgrounds, cost of each tract, and method sonnel of the Federal Power Commission for migration and Naturalization Service, United of acquisition, pursuant to Public Law 284, the fiscal year ended June 30, 1953, pursu States Department of Justice, transmitting 71st Congress (44 Stat. 482), approved May ant to section 4 (d). of the Federal Power copies of orders granting the applications 29, 1930, amended; to the Committee on Act of 1935; to the Committee on Interstate for permanent residence filed by the sub Public Works. and Foreign Commerce. jects, pursuant to section 4 of the Displaced 1050. A letter from the Chairman, United 1062. A letter from the Chairman, Federal Persons Act of 1948, as amended; to the States Civil Service Commission, transmit Communications Commission, transmitting Committee on the Judiciary. ting the 32d Annual Report of the Board of the 19th annual report of the Federal Com 1040. A letter from the Secretary of Com Actuaries of the Civil Service Retirement and munications Commission for the fiscal year merce, transmitting the 25th report of action Disability Fund for the Fiscal Year Ended ending June 30, 1953, and additional material taken by the United States Maritime Admin June 30, 1952, pursuant to section 16 of the specified in section 4 (k) of the Communica istration, pursuant "to section 217 of the Civil Service Retirement Act; to the Com tions Act as amended July 16, 1952 (Public Merchant Marine Act of 1936, as amended mittee on Post Office and Civil Service. Law 554); to the Committee on Interstate (Public Law 498, 77th Cong.); to the Com- · 1051. A letter from the director, national and Foreign Commerce. mittee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. legislative commission, the American Legion, 1063. A letter from the secretary, the 1041. A letter from the Secretary of Com transmitting the financial statement of the American National Theat~r and Academy, merce, transmitting the quarterly report on· American Legion for the period ending Oc transmitting the transcript of the Nati_onal the activities and transactions of the Mari tober 31, 1953, pursuant to Public Law 47, Theater Assembly held January 1 to 3, 1953, time Administration for the period ending · 66th Congress; to the Committee on Vet at Cincinnati, Ohio, and miscellaneous data, erans' Affairs. etc.; to the Committee on Interstate and June 30, 1953, pursuant to section 13 of the Foreign Commerce. Merchant Ship Sales Act of 1946; to the 1052. A letter from the Acting Secretary of Committee on Merchant Marine and Fish the Treasury, transmitting the annual re-· 1064. A letter from the Acting Secretary, eries. port of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, Department of the Air Force, transmitting a prepared by the Commissioner of Narcotics, draft of legislation entitled "To provide for 1042. A letter from the Secretary of Com compensation of certain employees on days merce, transmitting a report of the activities for the calendar year ended December 31, 1952, pursuant to section 1 of the act of when departments, agencies, or establish providing war-risk insurance and certain· ments of the Government are closed by ad marine and liability insurance for the June 14, 1930; to the Committee on Ways and Means. ministrative procedure"; to the Committee· American public, for the quarter ended Sep on Post Office and Civil Service. tember 30, 1953, pursuant to Public Law· 1053. A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a draft of a 1065. A letter from the Secretary of the 763, 81st Congress; to the Committee on' Interior, transmitting a draft of proposed· Merchant Marine and Fisheries. bill entitled "To amend sections 2885 (b) and 2886 (a), as amended, of the Internal legislation entitled "To approve repayment 1043. A letter from the Secretary of Com contracts negotiated with the Hermiston and merce, transmitting the quarterly report on Revenue Code"; to the Committee on Ways and Means. West Extension Irrigation Districts, Oregon, the activities and transactions of the Mari and to authorize their execution and for time Administration for the period ending 1054. A -letter from the Secretary of the Army, transmitting a draft of legislation other purposes"; to the Committee on In September 30, 1953, pursuant to section 13 terior and Insular Affairs. of the Merchant Ship Sales Act of 1946; to entitled "To amend the act of June 19, 1948 (62 Stat. 489), relating to the retention in 1066. A_letter f~om the Acting Secretary, the Committee on Merchant Marine and· Department of Agriculture, transmitting a Fisheries. the service of disabled commissioned officers and warrant officers of the Army and Air draft of a bill entitled "To amend the 1044. A letter from the Assistant Secretary Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, as of the Interior, transmitting a report on the Force"; to the Committee on Armed Services.- 105:;. A letter from the Acting Secretary amendedu; to the Committee on Agriculture. Federal aid in fish restoration program for 1067. A letter from the Secretary of the the fiscal year ending June 30, 1953, pursu of the Interior, transmitting a report of the special helium-production fund for the fiscal Navy, transmitting a list by rank and age ant to section 11 of the act of Congress ap groups, the number of such officers above the proved August 9, 1950 (64 Stat. 430, 16 year ended June 30, 1953, pursuant to sec tion 3 (c) of the Amendatory Helium Act rank of major in the Army or lieutenant U. s. C. 777); to the Committee on Merchant commander in the Navy with the average Marine and Fisheries. approved September 1, 1937 (50 Stat. 885; U. S. C., sec. 164); to the Committee -on monthly flight pay authorized by law to be 1045. A letter from the Chairman, United Armed Services. paid to such officers during the 6-month States Civil Service Commission, transmit 1056. A letter from the Secretary of De period preceding the date of the report, pur ting the annual report on additional step fense, transmitting the semiannual report suant to Public Law 301, approved February increases as rewards for superior accomplish of the Secretary of Defense, together with 18, 1946; to the Committee on Armed Services. ment for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1953, the reports of the Secretaries of the Army, 1068. A letter from the Adjutant General, pursuant to section 702 (c) of the Classifica the Navy, and the Air Force for the period Veterans of Foreign Wars, transmitting a tion Act of 1949, as amended; to the Com January 1 to June 30, 1953, pursuant to report of the proceedings of the Veterans of mittee on Post Office and Civil Service. section 202 (d) of the National Security Act Foreign Wars of the United States for the 1046. A letter from the Secretary of the of 1947, as amended; to the Committee on fiscal year ending August 31, 1953, including Army, transmitting a letter from the Chief of Armed Services. a full and complete report of receipts and Engineers, United States Army, dated August 1057. A letter from the Secretary of the disbursements; to the Committee on Armed 18, 1953, submitting a report, together with Navy, transmitting a notice of proposal by Services. accompanying papers on a preliminary ex the Department of the Navy to transfer the 1069. A letter from the Administrator, amination of Little Magothy River, Md., au~ ex-German submarine U-505 to the Museum Reconstruction Finance Corporation, trans thorized by the River and Harbor Act ap of Science and Industry, Chicago, Ill., pur mitting the annual report of the Reconstruc proved June 30, 1948; to the Committee on suant to section 6 of the act of August 7, tion Finance Corporation for the fiscal year Public Works. 1946; to the Committee on Armed Services. ended June 30, 1953, pursuant to Public 1047. A letter from the Secretary of the 1058. A letter from the Acting Secretary Law 548, BOth Congress; to the Committee Army, transmitting a letter from the Chief of of the Treasury, transmitting an itemized on Banking and currency. Engineers, United States Army, dated June report covering transactions during the fiscal 1070. A letter from the Chairman, War 26, 1953, submitting a report, together with year 1953, for account of the Pershing Hall Claims Commission, transmitting the eighth accompanying papers on a preliminary ex Memorial Fund, pursuant to the act of June semiannual report for the period ending amination and survey of Neuse and Trent 28, 1935 ( 49 Stat. 426, sec. 3); to the Com September 13, 1953, pursuant to section 9 of Rivers, N. C., authorized by the River and mittee on Government Operations. the war Claims Act of 1948, as amended; to Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946; to the 1059~ A letter from the Commissioner, Im the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Committee on Public Works. migration and Naturalization Service, United Commerce. 1048. A letter from the Secretary of the States Department of Justice, transmitting 1071. A letter from the Chairman, Board Army, transmitting a letter from the Chief a list of cases of aliens involving suspension of Directors, Tennessee Valley Authority, -of Engineers, United States Army, dated of deportation, and requesting that they be transmitting the 20th annual report for the June 23, 1953, submitting a report, together withdrawn from those before the Congress fiscal year beginning July 1, 1952, and end with accompanying papers on a review of re and returned to the jurisdiction of the De ing June 30, 1953; to the Committee on ports on Olympia Harbor, Wash., requested partment of Justice; to the Committee on the Public Works. Judiciary. 1072. A letter from the Chairman, District by a resolution of the Committee on Rivers 1060. A letter from the Secretary, Federal of Columbia .Redevelopment Land Agency, and Harbors, House of Representatives~ Power Commission, transmitting two publi transmitting a report of progress and expen adopted on October 5, 1943, and a1so author cations entitled "Steam-Electric Plant Con ditures for the fiscal year 1953 and plans ized by_the River and Harbor Act approved struction Cost and Annual Production Ex... for the coming year, pursuant to section 15 on July 24, 1946; to the Committee on Public pelJ.ses, 1952 Supplement," "Typical Resi of Public Law 592, 79th Congress; to the Wor.ks. dential ~ectric Bills, January 1, 1953"; to Committee on the District of Columbia.. c-2 18 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 6 1073. A letter from the Comptroller Gen National Monument, Calif:, etc.; to the Com region 4, National Park Service, will renew eral of the United States, transmitting are mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. for the period December 1, 1953, through port on the audit of Gorgas Memorial In 1084. A letter from the Assistant Secretary June 30, 1954, · concession permit No. st itute of Tropical and Preventive Medicine, of the Interior, transmitting information rel 14--10-426-42, at Narada Falls-Paradise area1 Inc., for the fiscal year ended June 30, ative to a proposed extension of contract No. Mount Rainier National Park, Wash.; to the 1953, pursuant to the act of May 7, 1928, I-1p-3348 which will, when executed by the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. as amended July 1, 1948 (22 U. S. C. 278a); Director of the National Park Service, extend 1093. A letter from the Assistant Secretary to the Committee on Government Opera for 1 year from January 1, 1954, the author of the Interior, transmitting information tions. ization under which Martin Kilian provides relative to a proposed extension of contract 1074. A letter from the Director, Bureau of accommodations, facilities, and services for No. I- 1p--6780 which will, when executed by the Budget, Executive Office of the President, the public in Mount Rainier National Park, the Director of the National Park Service, tra nsmitting a joint report by the Bu Wash.; to the Committee on Interior and ext end for 2 years from January 1, 1954, the reau of the Budget and the General Serv Insular Affairs. authorization under which Oregon Caves ices Administration dealing with a coopera 1085. A letter from the Assistant Secre Resort operates at Oregon Caves National tive undertaking to obtain prompt disposal t ary of the Interior, transmitting informa Mon ument, Oreg.; to the Committee on In- of real properties, except those in the public tion relative to a proposed award of a con terior and Insular Affairs. · domain, which are surplus to the needs of cession permit to Edward B. Rushford and 1094. A letter from the Assistant Secretary the Federal Government; to the Committee George I . Gravert which will, when approved of the Interior, transmitting information on Government Operations. by the regional director, region 1, Na tional relative to Mr. and Mrs. Charles Roening 1075. A letter from the clerk, United Park Service, authorize Messrs. Rushford and which will, when approved by the regional Sta.tes Court of Claims, transmitting a state Gravert to operate the Rum Shop at Salem director, region 4, National Park Service, re ment of all judgments rendered by the Maritime National Historic Site, Mass., for a new for 1 year from January 1, 1954, conces United States Court of Claims for the year period of 5 years from January 1, 1954, etc.; sion permit No. 14-10-447-89 under which it ended October 2, 1953, pursuant to section to the Committee on Interior and Insular operates at Olympic National Park, Wash.; 791 (d), title 28, United States Code; to the Affairs. to the Committee on Interior and Insular Committee on the Judiciary. · 1086. A letter from the Assistant Secretary Affairs. 1076. A letter from the Shipswriter Navy of the Interior, transmitting information 1095. A letter from the Assistant Secretary Club of the United States of America, trans relative to the Naches Co., Inc., which, when of the Interior, transmitting information mitting the annual report of receipts and approved by the regional director, region 4, National Park Service, will renew for the relative to a proposed award of a concession expenditures for the official year ending permit to John C. Turner and Louise M. April 30, 1953, pursuant to the law governing period October 1, 1953, through June 30, 1954, concession permit No. 14--10-426-43; Turner, his wife, which will, when approved these reports; to the Committee on the Ju by the regional director, region 2, National diciary. to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Park Service, authorize Mr. and Mrs. Turner 1077. A letter from the national com 1087. A letter from the Assistant Secretary to operate the Triangle X Guest Ranch in mandant, Marine Corps League, transmit Grand Teton National Park, Wyo.; to the ting a report of proceedings and activities, of the Interior, transmitting information relative to a proposed award of a concession Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. including complete statement of receipts and permit to Mr. Albert Weiss, doing business 1096. A letter from the Assistant Secretary expenditures during the preceding calendar as Friant Garage, which will, when approved of the Interior, transmitting information year, pursuant to section IV of the act of relative to Mr. Anton Ashenbrenner which, Congress which incorporated the Marine by the regional director, region 4, National Park Service, authorize Mr. Weiss to provide when approved by the regional directm.~. Corps League, :inc.; to the Committee on region 4, National Park Service, renew for the Judiciary. towing service and emergency automotive repairs and services in Millerton Lake Na the period January 1, 1954, through Decem 1078. A letter from the Assistant Secre tional Recreation Area, Calif., for a period of ber 31, 1954, concession permit No. 14--10- tary of Defense, transmitting the semiannual 1 year from January 1, 1954; to the Com 447-84, under which Mr. Ashenbrenner op·er report on the stockpiling program pursuant mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. ates at Olympic National Park, Wash.; to to section 4 of the Strategic and Critical 1088. A letter from the Assistant Secretary the Committee on Interior and Insular Materials Stock Piling Act, Public Law 520, of the Interior, transmitting information Affairs. 79th Congress; to the Committee on Armed relative to a proposed award of a concession 1097. A letter from the Assistant Secretary Services. permit to Mr. George W. Hurt which will, of the Interior, transmitting information 1079. A letter from the Director, Legisla when approved by the regional director, relative to a proposed award of a concession tive Liaison, Department of the Air Force, region 2, National Park Service, authorize permit to Mr. Clifton D. Rock which will, transmitting the Air Force's semiannual re Mr. Hurt to operate ski tows . and a lunch when approved by the regional director, port entitled "Research and Development stand and to rent ski equipment in Rocky region 4, National Park Service, authorize Procurement Action Report," for the period Mountain National Park, Colo., etc.; to the Mr. Rock to sell souvenirs and related items January 1 to June 30, 1953, pursuant to Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. at Cabrillo National Monument, Calif., for Public Law 557, 82d Congress; to the Com 1089. A letter from the Assistant Secretary a period of 1 year from January 1, 1954; to mittee on Armed Services. of the Interior, transmitting information the Committee on Interior and Insular 1080. A letter from the Assistant Secretary, relative to a proposed award of a concession Affairs. Department of Agriculture, transmitting the permit to Mrs. Marilyn J. Wright which will, 1098. A letter from the Assistant Secretary report on cooperation of the United States when approved by the regional director, of the Interior, transmitting information with Mexico in the control and eradication region 4, National Park Service, authorize relative to Mr. Murl Emery which will, when of foot-and-mouth disease for the month of Mrs. Wright to provide a limited lunch approved by the regional director, region 3, November 1953, pursuant to Public Law 8, service at Crater Lake National Park, Oreg., National Park Service, renew for the period 80th Congress; to the Committee on Agri for the period September 16, 1953, to June 14, January 1, 1954, through June 30, 1954, con culture. 1954; to the Committee on Interior and cession permit No. 14--10-304--7 under which 1081. A letter from the Director of Foreign Insular Affairs. Mr. Emery operates at Searchlight Ferry lo Operations, transmitting the third semi: 1090. A letter from the Assistant Secretary cated in Lake Mead National Recreation annual report on 9perations under the Mu of the Interior, transmitting information Area, Nev.; to. the Committee on Interior and tual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951, relative · to Mr. Joseph E. Niemeyer which, Insular Affairs. for the period January through June 1953; when approved by the regional director, 1099. A letter from the Assistant Secretary to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. region 4, National Park Service, will renew of the Interior, transmitting information 1082. A letter from the Assistant Secretary for the period December 1, 1953, through relative to a proposed extension of contract of the Interior, transmitting information April 30, 1954, concession permit No. 14--10- No. I-1p-1114 which will, when executed by relative to a proposed award of a concession 447-56, under which Mr. Niemeyer is author the Director of the National Park Service, permit to Mount Whitney Pack Trains which ized to operate a ski-rental business in extend for 1 year from January 1, 1954, under will, when approved by the regional director, Olympic National Park, Wash.; to the Com which Fred Harvey operates at south rim of region 4, National Park Service, authorize the mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Grand Canyon National Park, Ariz.; to the permittee to provide saddle horse and pack 1091. A letter from the Assistant Secretary Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. trip service at Furnace Creek Ranch in Death of the Interior, transmitting information 1100. A letter from the Assistant Secretary Valley National Monument, Calif., for a pe relative to a proposed extension of con tract of the Interior, transmitting information riod of 1 year from January 1, 1954; to the No. I-1p--1101 which will, when executed by relative to nine proposed awards of conces Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. the Director of the National Park Service, sion permits which will, when approved by 1083. A letter from the Assistant Secre extend for 1 year from January 1, 1954, the the regional director, region 1, National Park tary of the Interior, transmitting informa authorization under which Glacier Park Co. Service, authorize charter boat services and tion relative to a proposed award of a con operates at Glacier National Park, Mont.; to bait sales to be provided in Everglades Na cession permit to William W. and Barbara the Committee on Interior and Insular t ional P ark, Fla., for a period of 2 years from W. Myers which will when approved by the Affairs. January 1, 1954; to the Committee on In regional director, region 4, National Park 1092. A letter from the Assistant Secretary terior and Insular Affairs. Service, authorize them to provide accom of the Interior, transmitting information 1101. A letter from the Assistant Secre modations, facilities, and services for the relative to Mr. Donald P. Christianson which, tary of the Interior, transmitting informa public at Wildrose Station in Death Valley when approved by the· regional director, tion relative to a proposed award of a con- 195.1,. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 19 cession permit ~ Mr. J. R; Dickson which · By Mr. BROWN of Georgia: By Mr. CUNNINGHAM: · will, when approved by the regional director, H. R. 6864. A blll to amend certain pro H. R. 6878. A bill to amend the CommOdity region 4, National Park Service, authorize curement statutes to limit authority for the Credit Corporation Charter Act in order to him to operate a gasoline· service station at 1 purchase of supplies and services without relieve innocent purchasers of fungible Big Stump in Kings Canyon National Park, advertising during periods of national emer goods converted by warehouseJDen from Calif., for a period of 1 year from January 1, gency; to the Committee on Armed Services. claims of the Commodity Credit Corporation; 1954; to the Committee on Interior and In By Mr. KING of California: to the Committee on Agriculture. sular Affairs. H. R. 6865. A bill to extend the limitation By Mr. CURTIS of Nebraska: 1102. A letter from the Assistant Secre on prosecution for false statements by Fed H. 3.. 6879. A bill to authorize the coinage tary of the Interior, transmitting relative to eral employees concerning membership in of 50-cent pieces in connection with the negotiations with the Crow Tribe to the end subversive organizations; to the Committee founding of a national memorial to Gen. that a fair and just settlement be concluded on the Judiciary. John J. Pershing; to the Committee on between the United States and the Crow By Mr. ADDONIZIO: Banking and Currency. Tribe for the use of tribal property in con H. R. 6866. A bill to provide that · World By Mr. DAVIS of Georgia-: nection with the construction, operation, War II prisoners of war shall be paid the H. R. 6880. A bill to continue the rates of a'nd maintenance of the Hardin Unit of the sums which ·they would have received as tax which were ln effect under sections 480, Missouri Basin project; to the Committee on increases in pay and allowances 1f promo 1400, and 1410 of the Internal Revenue COde Interior and Insular Affairs. tions which they received on theif return prior to January 1, 1954; to the Committee 1103. A letter from the Under Secretary of had been made for pay purposes; to the on Ways and .Means. Agriculture, transmitting a draft of legis Committee on Armed· Services. By Mr_ DAWSON of Utah: lation entitled "To validate conveyance of a By Mr. AYRES: H. R. 6881. A bill to provide that title to 40-acre tract in Okaloosa County, Fla."; ·to H. R. 6867. A bill to amend the Veterans certain school lands shall vest in the States the Committee on Interior and Insular Af RegUlations to provide that arthritis develop under act oLJan.uary .:25, 1927, notwit)lstand fairs. ing a 10-percent-or-more degree of disability ing any Federal leases which may be out-_ 1104. A letter from the Acting Secretary within 3 years after separation 'from active standing on such lands at the time they of the Treasury, transmitting a report cov service shall be presumed to be service-con ate surveyed~ to the Committee .on Interior ering claims paid during the 6-month period nected; to the Committee on Veterans' Af and Insular Affairs. ending June 39, 1953, on account of the f_airs. By Mr. DEMPSEY: correction of military records of Coast Guard By Mr: BARTLETT: H. R. 6882. A bill to amend the act of Sep-_ p~rsonnel, ~ursuant to section ~0!7 (e) of th~ 'H. R. 6868. A bill to provide for tlre abol'l.; tember 27, 19-50, .relating to construction of ~gislative Reorganization Act of 1946, as tion of the 80-rod reserved spac~s between the Vermejo reclamation project; to the Com amended; to the Committee on Armed Serv-. claims on shore waters in Alaska; to the mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. ices. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. By Mr. D'EWART: 1105. A letter from the ·secretary of the H. R. 6869. A bill to provide transportation H. R. 6883. A bill to amend the Agricultural Tr~asury, transmitting a combined state on Canadian vessels between, Skagway, Adjustment Act of 1938 so as to· authorize ment of receipts, expenditures, and balances Alaska, and other points in Alaska, between the Secretary of Agriculture to exempt cer of the United States Government for the Haines, Alaska, and other points in Alaska, tain classes of wheat from controls under fiscal year ended June 30, 1953, pursuant to. and between Hyder, Alaska, and other polnts that act; to the Committee on Agriculture. section-IS of the act of July 31, 1894 (5 U.S. iD, :Alaska or th~ continental United States, By Mr. FARRINGTON: C. 264); to the Committee on Government either
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS
Increasing Income-Tax Exemption From $600 not only threatens American fam Health Program ily life but it threatens the future of $600 to $1,000 America. If our country- is to survive during EXTENSION OF REMARKS EXTENSION OF REMARKS these next crucial generations, young OF OF parents must have every encouragement, not only to have children, but to prop HON. CHARLES A. WOLVERTON HON. EDITH NOURSE ROGERS erly care for them and to give them an OF NEW JERSEY OF :MASSACHUSETTS adequate education. A nation in Ylhich IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES its people are educated is a strong nation. Wednesday, January 6, 1954 Freedom depends upon education and Wednesday, January 6, 1954 education depends upon freedom. Cer Mr. WOLVERTON. Mr. Speaker, on Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. tainly the time has come in this country Monday, January 11, 1954, the Commit Speaker, on this opening day of this new when the American taxpayer has earned tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce session of Congress I have introduced this reasonable relief in order that his has arranged to resume its inquiry into a bill to increase from $600 to $1,000 the own country might be strengthened. the subject of a com!)rehensive health income-tax exemption allowed a tax There are some who hold the view that program. These hearings will consti payer for a dependent. The purpose of the Nation cannot afford to increase the tute a continuation of the committee's this bill is to provide reasonable relief exemption for a dependent from $600 to study of methods now available to to the American taxpayer possessing de $1,000 because it would cost the Govern groups and individuals to protect them pendents. If this bill of mine is enacted ment too much in taxes. It is my view selves against the cost of illness and to into law, the present income-tax law that this is faulty economic- reasoning. find ways and means of improving or would be amended permitting this in It is not fact; it is pure opinion. This expanding the same. The study is a crease from $600 to $1,000 for dependents opinion is not based upon sound eco continuation of the hearings conducted for the taxable years beginning after nomic thinking. If at the proper time I by the committee in Washington last December 31, 1953. am asked to do so, I shall be glad to fall after the adjournment of Congress The American taxpayer has earned. state my views on this subject to the and which were subsequently supple some relief. In no other country in the Congress. I expect to do everything I mented by studies in foreign countries. world have the citizens of such nations possibly can to get this bill passed during In these health studies, serious consid answered their responsibilities to gov this session of Congress. I shall appre eration will be given to the formulation ernment as honestly and as loyally as ciate the support of the American people. of a program that will enable assistance have the American people. Not only The bill follow..s : to be given to our people in carrying has the American taxpayer shouldered A bill to increase from $600 to $1,000 the the tremendously burdensome cost of the burden of financing war and the income-tax exemption allowed a taxpayer .medical attention, particularly where armament of free nations but he has also for a dependent hospitalization is necessary, or the ill gladly and willingly shouldered the re Be it enacted, etc., That section 25 (b) ness is of a long-term character. (1) (D) of the Internal Revenue Code (re Commendable progress has been made sponsibility of reconstruction of the lating to normal tax and surtax exemptions) whole free world. The enormous sums is hereby amended by striking out "An in this connection by many of our labor of money which our country has contrib exemption of $600 for each dependent" and unions and industrial concerns. What uted abroad has come, and is coming, inserting in lieu thereof "An exemption o! has been provided by such and the ex from the American taxpayer. $1,000 for each dependent." perience they have gained can be of Due to these large foreign require SEc. 2. Section 58 (a) (1) of the Internal great assistance in formulating a pro ments, together with the great expense Revenue Code (relating to requirement of gram for the general public. Likewise, of government here at home, the Amer declaration of estimated tax) is hereby much is to be learned from the expe amended to read as follows: rience of voluntary health organiza ican taxpayer has su:ffered. His family " ( 1) his gross income from wages (as de has swrered; his children have swrered; fined in sec. 1621) can reasonably be tions, such as Blue Cross, Blue Shield, American life has suffered. In view of expected to exceed the sum of $4,500 plus- and similar group-insurance plans. the present $600 low exemption for a "(A) $600 with respect to each exemption Study and consideration should also dependent, it is exceedingly difficult for provided in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) be given to the possibility of enacting American families not only to finance of section 25 (b) (1); and legislation to permit deduction for in the day-to-day living costs of their de "(B) $1,000 with respect to each exem.ption come-tax purposes of payments made to provided in subparagraph (D) of section 25 medical-insurance plans as an incentive pendent children and their education, (b) (1); or." but it has become so difficult, it is re SEc. 3. The amendments made by this act to individuals to join such health pro grettable to say, children are avoided. shall apply only with respect to taxable years grams; to legislation designed to pro In other words, this low exemption of beginning after December 31, 1953. vide Federal reinsurance of prepaid 26 CONGRESSIONAL RECORP -HOUSE January 6 health service plans of nonprofit asso - Wednesday, January 13: Mr. Lowell J. Reed, ation be made the permissible exception. ciations; to Federal guarantees of pri president, Johns Hopkins University, Balti Unfortunately, the intent of the Con more, Md.; Dr ~ Russel Van Arsdale Lee, di gress, as expressed in the House and vate loans for the construction of hos rector, Palo Alto Clinic, Palo Alto, Calif. pital and clinical facilities; to programs Thursday, January 14: Dr. George Baehr, Senate reports, had not been embodied for strengthening medical schools and president and medical director, Health In in the policies and regulations issued providing an increased number of med surance Plan of Greater New York, New York, under authority of the act. There has ical students and nurses, and programs N.Y. been an indiscriminate use of negoti designed to extend preventive medical Friday, January 15: Mr. Fred Umhey, ex ation in Government procurement con care. ecutive secretary, Interna tiona l Ladies' G ar tracts. Negotiation has in practice ment Workers Union, New York, N. Y.; Mr. become the rule rather than the permis The organizations and individuals A. J. Hayes, international president, Inter who are expected to testify at the hear national Association of Machin ists, Washing sible exception. ing either are concerned directly with ton, D . C.; Mr. Nelson Cruikshank, director, It is the purpose of this bill to insure the securing or furnishing of medical Socia l Insurance Activities, A. F. of L ., Wash that through advertising and competi and hospital services or have made ington, D. C. tive bidding the Government as a pur studies with regard to the cost involved . Monday, January 18: Mr. Jerry Voorhis, ex chaser will receive the best bargain in furnishing such services. ecutive secretary, Cooperative Health Fed available and that suppliers in a position The committee's health inquiry was eration of America, Chicago, Ill.; Mr. Dillon to furnish the Government's require S. Meyer, executive director, Group Health begun during the congressional recess Association, Inc., Washington, D. C. ments will have a fair and equal oppor on October 1 and the first 2 weeks of Tuesday, January 19: Congress of Indus tunity to compete throughout the United the committee's hearings were devoted trial Organizations, Mr. Walter Reuther, States. Competitive bidding applies to to a study of the causes and control of president, United Automobile Workers, De everyone who is in a position to supply some of the principal diseases of man troit 7, Mich. (Names of additional repre the Government's requirements and not kind. The second phase of the hear sentatives of CIO to be announced.) merely to those who happen to be located ings is now being continued. It was Wednesda y, January 20: Dr. Dean ,\ . Clark, where Government surveys are con general director, Massachusetts General Hos ducted. The procurement laws which opened with testimony by insurance pital, Boston, Mass. companies and industrial concerns with Thursday, January 21: Mr. Benjamin Lor were passed by the Congress applied regard to group and individual health ber, insurance manager, Universal Pictures fairly and equally to all of the people. insurance available today. Co., Inc. New York, N. Y. The Office of Defense Mobilization dis I am introducing today 4 bills incor Tuesday, January 26: Research Council for criminated against the thinly populated porating one or more of the aforemen Economic Security, Chicago, Ill., Mr. Gerhard areas of our country by writing policies tioned proposals. I am expecting to in Hirschfeld, director; Mr. Leon Werch, director which applied only to areas having a of research. labor force of at least 15,000 and esti troduce additional bills in order to have Wednesday, January 27 : Health Informa before the House alternative proposals tion Foundation, New York, N. Y., Admiral mated nonagricultural employment of at designed to assist our people in carrying W. H. P. Bland.y, United States Navy (re least 8,000. burdensome medical costs. tired) , president; Mr Kenneth Williamson, There has also been a growing aware At the close of the 81st Congress I vice president and executive secretary; Dr. ness that small-business concerns have introduced a bill to strengthen group Odin Anderson, research director; Dr. Clyde not fared well under negotiated con insurance plans. I am reintroducing Hart, director, National Opinion Research tracts. In the preparation of this bill, this bill today. The purpose of the bill Center. numerous persons closely associated Thursday, January 28: American Medical with the daily problems of small busi is to expand health services by encour Association. (Names of witnesses to be an aging the growth of and guaranteeing nounced.) ness were consulted. I have gained the the strength and security of nonprofit Monday, February 1: Mr. George Bugbee, impression that a return to competitive associations. It would also permit ex executive director, American Hospital Asso bidding as the rule rather than the tended coverage and allow protection ciation, Chicago, Ill.; Commission on the exception would restore to small-business against long, costly treatment. Financing of Hospital Care, Chicago, Ill. concerns a confidence in our procure (Names of witnesses to be announced.) ment program which is needed at this The second bill I have introduced is Tuesday, February 2: Mr. E. A. Van Steen designed to assist nonprofit associations time. It is the declared policy of the wyk, executive director, Associated Hospital Congress that a fair proportion of the offering prepaid health-service pro Service of Philadelphia, and chairman, Gov grams to secure necessary facilities and ernment relations committee, Blue Cross total purchases and contracts for sup equipment through long-term, interest Commission, Chicago, Ill.; Blue Ehield Med plies and services for the Government bearing loans. ical Care Plans, Chicago, Ill. (Names o! shall be placed with small-business My third bill would amend title VI of witnesses to be announced.) concerns. the Public Health Service Act-relating During this period of negotiation of to hospital survey and construction-to Government contracts by Executive provide mortgage-loan insurance to order the cost of awarding and admin stimulate investment of private capital Return to Competitive Bidding istering a typical textile contract in the construction of self -supporting reached the unbelievably high cost of hospitals and other medical facilities, EXTENSION OF REMARKS $557 per contract. The American peo and to facilitate the extension of volun OF ple expect and are entitled to receive tary, prepayment health plans provid the maximum defense obtainable from ing comprehensive medical and hospital HON. PAUL BROWN funds expended by our military services, care. OF GEORGIA without paying unnecessarily high prices The fourth bill I have introduced IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES or unnecessarily high administrative costs under a system which is foreign to would amend the Internal Revenue Wednesday, January 6, 1954 Code and authorize a deduction up to competitive bidding and free competitive $100 for income-tax purposes of pay Mr. BROwN of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, enterprise. ments made to medical-insurance plans. I have this date introduced a bill which Negotiation has had the effect of sad This deduction would be in addition to in substance provides that Government dling segments of American industry deductions for medical expenses now contracts be ·a warded to the low bidder with an economic control over manu authorized by law. in the vast majority of cases. This bill factured items in surplus supply at a The schedule of hearings and the would amend section 2 (c) U> of the time when it is the declared policy to names of the witnesses who are expected Armed Services Procurement Act of 1947 abolish controls. I would not desire to to testify are as follows: and amend section 302 (c) (1) of the prevent the Government from negotia Federal Property and Administrative ting for a critical material in short sup Monday, January 11: Mr. Henry J. Kaiser, Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, oakland, Services Act of 1949. ply which could not be secu.red by com Calif.; Dr. Sidney R. Garfield, Kaiser Founda It was the original intent of the Con petitive bidding, but I do object to the tion Health Plan, Oakland, Calif. gress, as expressed in the House and negotiation of contracts for supplies and Tuesday, January 12: Dr. Paul B. Magnu Senate reports which accompanied the services which can be secured under son, president, Rehabilitation Institute, Chi Armed Services Procurement Act of 1947, competitive bidding. cago, Dl.; Dr. H. Clilford Loos, Ross-Loos that competitive bidding be used in the The inequities which have resulted Clinic, Los Angeles, Cali!. vast majority of cases and that negoti- under the system of negotiated contracts 1951,. CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD -HOUSE 27 procurement have· ooen many. Policies Legion. These bllls are the result of reso father, instead of the present $60, or where have been written which authorized up lutions adopted at the 1953 national con both are granted the benefit, •40 each, in to 15 percent in excess of the lowest bid vention of the Legion. stead of the present $35 each. The American Five of these measures would change the Legion points out that there is ample justi price for negotiated contracts. Bid existing laws relating to veterans' insurance. fication for the recommended adjustment · of matching policies have been followed One of these bills provides that the com rates. All other disability and death com which resulted in manufacturers taking muted value of any installments of insur pensation and pension rates were increased contracts away from other manufac ance remaining unpaid at the death· of the in 1952, in the 82d Congress. The cost of turers who would have received the con last beneficiary shall be paid to the estate of living increased -for these survivors as for tract except for location. Unemploy the insured. Another bill provides that any everyone else. There are widows and de ment has been created in one section by person having United States Government pendent parents of deceased World War I life insurance or national service life insur veterans who are eking out a bare existence negotiating contracts for the stated pur ance on the 5-year level premium term plan, because the compensation award is their pose of solving an unemployment prob the term of which expires while the person _only income to meet their living expenses. lem in another location. Government is in active service after April 25, 1951, or The final Legion bill would amend exist surveys were not made for all areas, re within 120 days after separation from such ing regulations so as to provide for the trans sulting in a failure to recognize the fact service, shall upon application made within portation of the body of a veteran dying in ·that unemployment can be as severe in 120 days after separation be granted an a State veterans' home. At the present one location as another. Manufacturers -equivalent amount of insurance on the 5- time up to $150 may now be paid by the could move to distress labor areas and year level premium term plan at the pre Veterans' Administration, where a veteran mium rate for his then attained age. An ·meeting the allowance requirements dies in take. away contracts from other manu other bill amends the National Service Life a State veterans' hoine, for burial and fu facturers in nonsurplus labor areas. In Insurance Act of 1940 by ·waiving all pre ·neral expenses and transportation of the .Arizona, 250 seamstresses were thrown miums on United States Government or body, in~luding prepa·ration of the body, to out of work and a parach:Ite manufac national service life insurance term policies ·the place of burial. Assumption by the Fed -turer forced out of l>usiness on a nego- and so niuch of the premiums on permanent eral Government of the cost of transporting tiated contract. In New Jersey a com plan policies as represents the pure insurance the body to its final resting place will make pany engaged in research and develop risk for those insured who were unable to certain that the burial and funeral allow apply for. the waiver authorized by law be ance is sumcient to assure a fitting burial ·ment was almost forced out of business cause of being missing in action or captured for the veteran, in recognition of his serv on a negotiated contract. A premium by tlie enemy after April 25, 1951. Another ice to his country. The Legion· believes that ·was placed on inemciency by giving pref 'insurance bill provides for the payment in equal treatment in this regard should be erence to mills operating ~ .80 hours or a lump sum, direct to counsel, of a reason accorderl the veteran, whether he has been less per week, and emcient textile man able attorney's fee in a suit brought by or domiciled in a State veterans' home or a ufacturers of the South were penalized. in behalf of an insured during his lifetime Veterans' Administration home. ~ · · for waiver of premiums on account of total All of these measures will be numbered An attempt has been made to justify and referred to the Committee on Veterans' the negotiation and channeling of con disability. The other insurance measure would llmit eligibility of a stepchild and of Affairs of the Bouse of Representatives. tracts to preference areas on .the ground a stepparent for . servicemen's indemnity 1'bey will then be assigned to the proper that the Government would save in un awards. It would authorize an award to subcommittee for study and possibly .hear employment compensation · payments; a stepchild or a stepparent designated as ings, with a view toward their enactment. that the Government would- otherwise beneficiary by the insured, making certain lose taxes; that lost sales would other- that payment would be made 1f the perso·n ·wise result;. and that additional relief in service wanted this. Also, as is proper, . -payments would be necessary in the ab if a stepparent not designated as benefici · My Social-Security Proposals senQe of the policy. If contracts can be ary, had nonetheless stood in the relation ship of parent to the insured for ~ year or negotiated to serve these purposes, for more at any tiine. prior to the insured's EXTENSION OF REMARKS which no figures were made available, it entry into active service, such parent would OF would be dimcult to mention any other be in the permitted class of beneficiaries. matter of local _public interest which There is also a bill that would continue HON. CARL T. CURTIS would not also be of" equal concern to the direct home and farmhouse loan' au r OF NEBRASKA thority of the Administrator of Veterans' . those who administer our procurement IN THE HOUSE OF REPREsENTATIVES program. These are all matter1; which A1fairs to January 1, 1955, with -the same rate of annual appropriations to be allotted Wednesday, January 6, 1954 are not remotely concerned with Gov on a quarterly basis as now provided under ernment procurement, and which desig existing statutes. Mr. CURTIS of Nebraska. Mr. Speak nated departments of the Government Another blll would grant a statutory 3- er, today I have introduced a bill which are already engaged in administering. year presumption of service-connection, in represents my individual views for the Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I am con stead of the present statutory 2-year pre improvement of social security. This vinced that an amendment to existing sumption, for multiple sclerosis. It would proposal is H. R. 6863. procurement legislat:on is necessary in also grant a 3-year statutory presumption of service connection for the chronic func- The following points represent the ord~r that competitive bidding be rees - tiona! psychoses, instead of the present 1- major items incorporated in this bill: · tablished as the -rule rather than as the year presumption now afforded by inclusion - First. Coverage under title II of the permissible exception, and this is the in a list of chronic diseases in a Veterans' Social Security Act-OASI~is ~ extended purpose which I seek to accomplish in Administration regulation. By the enact to practically ·an occupations now ex introducing the bill. ment of this legislation, multiple sclerosis Cluded from coverage. This is along the and the chronic functional psychoses would line previously recommended by Presi then be placed on a parity with all types of dent Eisenhower. The coverage provi active tuberculosis. Eleven American Legion Bills St111 another bill would redefine the term sions of my bill are virtually identical "widow of a. World War I veteran," by ex with the bill introduced by Chairman EXTENSION OF REMARKS tending from December 14, 1944, to January Reed, H. R. 6812. Most people who have OF 1, 1953, the date before which a woman must given any attention to social security are be married to a World War I veteran to be agreed that a national compulsory social HON. EDITH NOURSE ROGERS determined to be his widow for VA com security system cannot work with the pensation and pension purposes. greatest degree of success without uni OF MASSACHUSETTS Another bill would enable World War II IN 'q!E HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES versal coverage or nearly so. In addi veterans to qualify for benefits of the Serv tion to extending coverage to occupa Wednesday, January 6, J.-954 icemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, of which they would otherwise be deprived because tions now excluded from the act, it also : Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. of recall to active service in the Armed makes coverage possible for State and Speak-er, under leave to extend my re Forces. local employees who are already covered marks· in the RECORD, I include the fol There is also a bill to provide increases by a retirement system, but with the ex lowing stat~ment concerning 11 bills I in ~ the monthly rates of 'Wartime service ception of firemen and policemen. am introducing today at the request of connected death compensation payable to Second.· The eligibility requirements widQws alone, an~ to dependent parents. It the American Legion: proposes a monthly compensation rate tn are liberalized in my bill. 'Ibis is some On this opening day o! the ·second ses wartime service:..connected deaths of $85 for times referred to as the $75 a month sion of the s3d Congress, I am introducing a widow with no child, instead of the present work ,clause. At the present time, if a 11 bills at the· request of the American e75, ·and t75 for a dependent- mother or --beneficiary earns even a few cents more 28 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 6 than $75 in a given month, he loses all ble for the survivor benefits. The man working in covered employment for as of the benefits for that month. I have ner of doing this and the reasons for it little as 6 quarters or 1% years. placed this on an annual basis. This will be discussed in connection with the The people that I am talking about should be of great help to many people. · provision that follows: today are by and large the people who If an OASI beneficiary has a chance to Eighth. My proposal would make it because of age or physical condition were take seasonal work or to work for a few possible to extend title II benefits unable to take advantage of the new months and earn substantial wages, he OASI-now to approximately 5 million start provisions of the 1950 act. Had can do so and he will not lose any bene more of the Nation's retired aged. they been abl~ to do so they would now fits unless for the full year he exceeds The 5 million aged people to whom I be drawing benefits. But they would the amount of permissible ·earnings. My propose payment of the minimum OASI not have paid for their benefits, they bill also raises the amount of permissible benefit are individuals of advanced age would have made a mere token pay earnings to $1,000 per year, but by plac who as a class have been unable to ment. ing it on an annual basis it is my belief qualify. under the new-start provisions of The partisan obstructionists who now · that it will be much more workable and the 1950 amendments to th.e social-secu scream at my proposal and raise the fair to a considerable number of people. rity law. Much of the criticism against cry that it is unfair and unsound were Third. At the present time there are this proposal has arisen from a lack of silent in 1950-likewise for partisan rea over a million of our aged population who information as to how the present sys sons. are eligible for benefits but are continu tem is working. These criticisms are The late Senator Taft recognized the . ing to work. The reasons for their ilot erroneously based on the belief that the true nature of the present system and asking for the benefits and for continuing present system is one where an indi the effect of the 1950 amendments. In to work may be many and varied. My vidual pays for his own benefits and that speaking on those amendments on June proposal would remove the social secu every individual who has a social-secu 14, 1950, Mr. Taft said: rity card is buying and paying for his rity taxes on the earnings of all people In the long run we have to recognize that after they reach the age of 66 if they benefit or is laying up savings in the the only way to pay those sums is for the have 40 quarters of coverage. The indi program. people who are working at the time to pay vidual who declines the benefits and con The fact is that under the present the benefits for the people who are not tinues to work saves the system consider law an individ,ual can qualify for mini working. There is no other way to do it. able money and it is certainly fair that if mum benefits by paying as little as $4.50 he has paJd for 40 quarters that he be taxes. But, lest I be charged with talk In the course of that debate Senator SMITH of New Jersey asked Senator Taft relieved from continuing to pay the social ing about the exceptional case, let us the following question: security tax. consider the -individual who has paid the Fourth. The bill that I am today in maximum tax. An individual who has Mr. SMITH. Is the Senator proposing th&t troducing calls for a raise of the mini paid the maximum tax since the act be hereafter those presently working will be mum benefit to $45 per month. At the came effective in 1937 'and who retires taxed to pay benefits to those who are 65 and over, but at the same time those pres , -present time the minimum benefit is $25. this year could not have paid more than ently working will .not be contributing to This will bring a raise in benefits to more $543 in social-security taxes throughout their. own retirement benefits? · than one-third -of the ·present benefici the period. Such an individual would Mr. TAFT. That is correct. I would favor aries who are now receiving the very low draw tne maximum benefit; and if his a universal old-age pension system. At the benefits. This is a social program de wife was likewise 65, together they would same time, we might just as well recognize signed to meet a social need and the draw $127.50 per month, which is paid what we are doing. In the old days chil present minimum benefit is inadequate to them as a matter of right, regardless dren were supposed to take care of their parents. That was sometimes done, and for that purpose. · ·of their need or other income. At age sometimes it was not done. Sometimea Fifth. This bill also provides that the 65 the life expectancy of a man is 12 there were no children to assume the re benefit paid to a widow or widower will years and that of his wife is 14 years. sponsibility. For that system we should sub not be less 'than the minimum primary In other words, these benefits will total stitute a system under which all the people benefit; to wit, $45 per month. At the approximately $18,000. under 65 are undertaking to say they will present time a widow only receives three~ Many individuals have already quali pay old-age pensions to ev.eryone over 65, fourths the amount of the husband's fied for the maximum benefit above hoping that when they reach the age of 65 primary benefit. With the present very referred to for the payment of only $81 the people who are at that time working low primary benefit, three-fourths of in taxes. will assume the same obligation. that amount is an extremely small allow In other words, the system that we Mr. Taft went on to say: ance. My bill says that the widow's or have now, in truth and in fact, provides What I want to point out is that this bill widower's benefit shall not be less than that nearly all of the benefit that an already has gone far toward recognizing the $45 per month. aged person receives is paid from the principle of paying to those over 65 years Sixth. My bill also carries a provision current social-security taxes of the peo of age a pension, with little relation to what tht!J paid in during their life. In other that will eliminate a gre~t many of the ple now working, words, it is no longer insurance. It is some abuses in the payment of benefits to indi The payment of benefits to substan thing called social insurance. It is not viduals living in foreign countries. Un tially all of the retired aged now is in insurance, and, at least up to date, this sys der the present law it is possible for indi line with the previous amendments to the tem has not been very social either, because viduals WhO are n0t our citizens-who in social-security law. Tbe 1939 amend it has covered only a very small portion fact may never have been in the United ments moved up the effective date as to of the total number of people who are over States-to receive social-security bene when individuals could draw benefits. 65 years of age. fits for years and years. In the calendar The 1950 amendments did the same year 1952, the payments of social-secu thing. The 1950 amendments had the Senator Taft further said: rity benefits to individuals residfng in provision referr.ed to ·as the "new starts.,. In other words, we are recognizing in thla foreign lands were greater than the pay The adoption by Congress of the new bill that we have an obligation to pay old ments of social-security benefits to the start provision was the first step toward age pensions to people who are old. Simply people in any one of the following States: the extension· of OASI benefits to all because they are old and not because they Arizona, Delaware, Idaho, Montana, Ne the retired aged. When the 1950 act was paid money into the fund. vada, New Mexico, North Dakota, South written Congress made social-security Senator Taft in specifically referring Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Wyoming, and benefits available to many people who tc the new-start principle on· that same Mississippi. were already aged. They accomplished day said: There are situations where as a matter this by shortening the time in which Under the new-start principle, a man wh() of fairness and equity an individual these old people would have to work pays · in practically nothing will get •70 a should draw his benefits even though he under social security and pay social-se month. Why should we not give the man leaves the United States. I have not curity taxes to qualify for benefits. This who does not pay in anything f70 a month, sought to disturb those. is what the term "new starts" means. or at least $65 a month? As I see it, we have Seventh. My bill would make the sur These new-start provisions which be· practically destroyed the theory of social vivor benefits available now to fatherless came law in 1950 made it possible for insurance. All I regret is that we still use children and their mothers where ·the older people to qualify not only for bene the name "insurance" when as a matter of father died without having bec-ome eligi- fits but for the maximum benefits by tact there is no insurance about it. 195./j. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 29 .The net effect of what I propose to do able social-securitY. taxes but technical gress would be justified in extending the for the present retired aged is to gi:ve the ities in · the law }lave prevented the minimum benefit to these aged people minimum benefit to those retired aged payment of benefits to them or to their who do not now receive a benefit. How who do not have a wage record which survivors. I want to quote from the ever, my proposal .has a further im would entitle them to a benefit under testimony before the subcommittee portant provision. It di&tingu~shes it existing law. The _people who have a studying social security: from any other proposal that has been wage record and who have paid sum~ CouNsEL. Suppose an individual had made for blanketing in the unprotected cient .taxes would of course continue to worked 24 quarters or 6 years, in covered retired aged. I provide for an additional get wage-related benefits up to the pres employment, from January 1940 to January source of revenue to the social security ent maximum. It is interesting to note 1946 and died in January 1950, just before fund in lieu of the token taxes that these that this is substantially in line with reaching age 65. Would his widow, upon older people would have paid had they reaching age 65, be eligible for an old-age what Senator Taft said in the debate in benefit? been able to qualify under the 1950 law. the ot}J.er body on June 14, 1950, and I WITNEss. No. In the example you give Briefly, this added revenue would be quote: he would not have met the insured status obtained by applying the social-security I personally, at the moment, should be requirement in e1l'ect at the time he died. tax at the ·employees' rate on the first Inclined to favor a fiat minimum and then He would have been req'!Jired to have 26 $3,600 of income of all people regardless have an increased benefit as people have paid quarters of coverage, and he ac~ually had of its source. At the present time an taxes during their life or _as they have earned 24. money during the 10 years prior to the time CoUNSEL. Suppose an individual with individual who works for wages or is they retired. Under that rule-there would be · exactly the same wage record, that is, 24 engaged in self-employment pays the some relation to the amount paid in. I quarters, or 6 years, in covered emplo~me~t social-security tax on his first $3,600. think some relation should be recognized. from January 1940 to· January 1946, dted 1n This would continue. But an individual January 1951, just before reaching age 65. whose sole income is from investments The method that I would use for giving Would his widow upon reaching age 65 be or rent or the like pays no direct social an OASI benefit to the present retired eligible for an old-age benefit? security. tax. My bill would require all aged ·who have an insufficient work rec WITNESS. Yes. (Hearings, Nov. 20, 1953, p. 1163 of transcript.) individuals to pay the social-security ord would be to make those aged eligible tax, except those paying civil service tO apply for a benefit on a presumptive The critics of this proposal say they and railroad retirement. wage record which would give such an object to paying benefits where no tax individual the minimum benefit. How This added source of revenue will bring bas been ·paid or where. there is no wage in a substantial amount to the social ever, in order to hold down the cost of record. Can these people have forgotten this provision and in order prevent security fund. It will . be a continuing to what Congress has already done in the source of revenue. A fair and conserva the sending of OASI checks to individuals present social-security system? of considerable income if they had never tive estimate of it would be $200 million When ·the 1950 law was passed the a year. been in covered employment or paid any Congress raised the benefit schedule. sOcial-security tax, I would require an Mr. Speak~r. if these 5.3 million aged Then in order to do justice and to carry to whom I propose the payment of a aged persOn wno applies for the mirti out a social purpose they raised the ben mum benefit on _the basis of a presump minimum benefit of $45 a month had efits of the people who already had re qualified as "new starts" under the 1950 tive wage record to waive his extra per tired prior to the amendments of that sonal exemption in the-income-tax law. amendments at wage levels for 6 quar year. These people who were already on ters sufficient to give them $45 monthly This provision of. course would not apply the benefit rolls were given ·an additional to the individual who has established a benefits, the combined employee and em benefit for which no taxes were paid. ployer social-security taxes for th~m wage record making him eligible for Some individuals received an additional benefits. - would have totaled $250 'million. In benefit of as much as $30 a month for other words, an amount equivalent·· to ·There_ are ·many arguments pointipg which no additional taxes were required. the total OASI taxes that would have up the fairnesS and the equity o~ . my The total cost of these additional bene been paid by these older people and by proposal. First let us consider who these fits for those already on the OASI rolls their ·employers under the new:..start unprotected aged are. It is estimated for which no added tax payments were provisions will under my bill flow into that-there are approximately 5.3 million required by the 1950 act is estimated at the fund every 15 months. additional aged persons who would draw $5,460,000,000. A similar principle was Mr. Speaker, as the Congress proceeds a benefit under my proposal. · More than followed by the Congress in 1952 and half of these are widows. Some. of them to make social-security coverage uni additional benefits were paid to those versal we are faced with our last good are in their 90's, some of them in their already on the rolls for which no added 80's, and many of them past 70. _ It is opportunity to make the program tax payments were required at a total sound. ' estimated that probably more than half estimated cost of $2,530,000,000. of them are over 75 years of age. They It is difficult for us to realize that the ·Those who charge that my proposal to way to make OASI sound is to pay bene were unable to qualify under the new pay benefits to all the present retired start provisions of the· 1950 law. Had fits to more of our · aged now. This, aged is radical or is "a dishonest ap however, is the way for us to act· with they been able to come under the 1950 proach" either are totally ignorant as law they could have, with the paY1llent responsibility. There is a reason why I to what Congress has done in the past say this. Most people are agreed that of ·as little as $4.50 tax, become eligible or they are deliberately attempting to for a minimum benefit. there is a limit as to ·how high benefits mislead the public. I grant to anyone and taxes should go. Those who seek It must also · he borne in mind that the right to disagree on.what should or many of these people have paid some extremely high benefits can attain their should not be done, but I suggest that goal ·while the number of beneficiaries social-security taxes. Every Member of we debate these things on their merits is low because the cost isn't felt or real Congress has in his files letters from aged and not attempt to discredit proposals ized. When the program begins to carry people who have paid social-security by smears and name calling. . taxes but for one reason or another the the full load of all the retired aged, then Mr. Speaker, I submit that the pay radical and extreme increases in'benefits quarters of coverage are not such as ment of. benefits to these 5 million aged would make them eligible for· benefits. will be much less likely because we would people is an extension of the principle be immediately faced with the increased No doubt many of these unprotected aged followed in previous amendments to the have paid considerable social-security - expeJJ.diture of billions of dollars and the social-security law that permitted· older necessity for an immediate· increase of tax as an employer in a small unincor ~ people to become eligible upon the pay porated business before self-employment ment of a mere token tax. I submit that the tax. It would minimize the present was covered. There are, of course, many many of these people have already paid danger of hidden and delayed costs. It of them who have not paid any social some social.,.security taxes and I further would put checks and balances in the security tax. But we should not forget submit . that in 1950 and in 1952, Con system--checks and balances that do not that many ·or them have paid. and t}J.ey gress did grant billions of dollars of ad now exist. Those who would propose may well have paid more in direct socia.l.:. ditional benefits for which no added tax radical and e~tremely . h_igh maximum security taxes than others who are now payments were required. benefits or the whole range of welfare drawing benefits. There are many; cases . Mr. 'Speaker, from the standpoint of state benefits are opposed to assuming of individuals who· ,have paid consider- equity, .fair play, .and justice the . Con- a . realistic approach with reference to CONGRESSIONAL RECORD·- HOUSE January 6 . our present retired aged. They are un 65? I have asked that question re their 60th birthday will not have to wait willing to take on the full load of the peatedly, and I have never had a satis until they are 65 to receive social-secu aged now-a load which they are expect- · factory answer. Perhaps the best one rity benefits. Shortening the waiting ing today's children to take on two is that the choice of age 65 was made period for workers who are disabled at decades hence. almost two decades ago, at a time when earilier ages will not completely solve My proposals will make for soundness we had had little experience with retire their problem-but if we can, on their now and in the future, and in addition, ment plans. By and large, therefore, 60th birthday, say to these people, "You they will bring social-security benefits to the eligibility age was set at 65 by a · are entitled now to your social-security approximately 6 million of our aged who mathematical and arbitrary choice, benefit. You do not have to wait an are now denied those benefits. rather than because it had any special other 5 years until you are 65," we shall meaning in our industrial structure. have taken an important step toward My point, here, then, is that we must relieving at least part of the heartless now reevaluate that decision made over waiting period which is caused by the Lowering the Retirement Age in Old-Age 18 years ago in the light of our experi age restrictions of present law. and Survivors Insurance to 60 ence with the system and our develop May I remind you of another area in ment as a nation. And I am convinced which the simple matter of lowering re that the record of the old-age and sur tirement age would be a step in the direc EXTENSION OF REMARKS vivors plan, the experience of the people tion of righting a real injustice to many OF entitled to its benefits, and the industrial of the widowed mothers of our country. HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. development and increased productivity As you know, women are not entitled to of our country dictate the wisdom of benefits as the widows of workers until OF NEW JERSEY adopting the more realistic retirement they reach age 65 under our existing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES age of 60 years. system. This works a special hardship Wednesday, January 6, 1954 Such a revision will recognize the on the aged widows and on the depend ·Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, we are clear fact of our time that the very in ent mothers of wage earners who have hearing quite a lot of talk today about crease in our productivity is shortening died. It is especially true that women ways in which our social-securit;y sys the work life of most Americans very age_55 and over find it practically im tem should be improved. And, m the . decisively. We hear much talk, for possible to get a job unless they have beginning, I would like to suggest tJ:;at example, of the merit of hiring older been recently employed. If a bereaved some of the so-called remedies wh1eh workers--or of encouraging them to re widow has never had a job, or if she has are being advanced will bear careful main -at their jobs as long as possible. been out of the labor market for a long watching. For example, we cannot, I All of · this is laudable and desirable. time because she was primarily a home am convinced, improve our social-secu But the stark reality of the matter is maker, her problem of sustaining herself rity system by allowing it to do less that a great many older workers cannot after the death of her husband is one of and less for more and more people. We continue to work either because they are tragic proportions: Un:ier the existing physically unable to do so or because no- · law, she will be entitled to a widow's need to extend the coverage of the sys body will hire them. Nearly all evi tem, certainly, but not, as some of the benefit if her husband was covered by dence shows that job opportunities for social security. But not until she has proposals would do, at the expense of older workers are decreasing simul those of us who are now receiving its reached age 65. If she was widowed at taneously with the expansion of our age 55, she must wait 10 years for that benefits, or who will be receiving them economy. Studies made by the Depart in the future. benefit. If she has no children living ment of Labor sh~~ that men and As many of you know, my own over in the home, and if she is unable to find women who lose their jobs after age work-either because of inexperience or · all solution for improving our present 45 have the greatest di:fficulty finding system is not only to extend its cover · ill health--she often has no recourse . new jobs. According to these studies, but public relief. Again, lowering the age, but to improve its prote~tion and even those employers who keep older eligibility age to 60 would be a step in its benefits structure substantially. My workers who are already on their pay bill, H. R. 6180, would accomplish the the direction· of relieving much misery. rolls put strict age limits when hiring And for those wives and mothers who purposes of a genuinely protective ~o new workers. Tragically enough, about cial-security system not only by provid are 60 and over when tragedy strikes, it one-third of all persons applying for em- would be avoided altogether. ing for more generous benefits under ployment are 45 years of age and over. the existing system, but also by furnish I have so far mentioned some special This evidence that older workers are the conditions which, because of the indi ir.g protection against wage loss caused first casualties in the labor market is, by the fearful hazard of disability, be vidual inequities they produce, demon in my opinion, one more very important strate how much more protective our it temporary or permanent. This is an reason why we should lower the eligi ambitious program, and one which will, social-security system could become by bility age in old-age and survivors insur the simple means of lowering the retire I am afraid, hardly meet with the ap ance at least to age 60. proval of the present Congress. But ment age by just 5 years. But such an And let us remember, too, the hard improvement is also desirable from the I am glad to be a sponsor of this bill ship caused in the case of men and because I am very sure that it outlines point of view of all of us. We are faced women who are forced to leave their with the fact that the genius of modern the social-security program which this jobs before age 65 .because of disabling country will someday achieve. industrialism and the productiveness of injury or illness. All of us know that our working force have made it possible Meanwhile, I am greatly· concerned such tragedies occur without regard to with supporting such genuine improve for us to produce more than we had ever age. They do not wait until age 65, be dreamed we could produce-and all that ments as may be possible under exist cause the law has set that arbitrary age ing conditions. And today I want to by working less. But we know, as well, as the one which makes benefits avail that in creating new opportunities and talk with you about one such improve able. We know, too, that crippling ac ment which, to my mind, is of the ut new production records we have also cidents and illnesses are more likely to increased some of the risks having to do most importance in relieving the fear occur as we grow older. _ of insecurity in the later years of life, with economic security for the American Now in my opinion, the only real solu family. but which has so far received little at tion to this problem lies in enacting a tention. I am convinced that we could really protective disability insurance The conditions of our time call as in make one of the most important single program--such as the one outlined in sistently for a shortening of the working steps in the direction of genuinely im my omnibus bill. For in this way we life as they have for a shortening of the proving the system and bringing it more could reach down to protect the worker working day. For the most part, we have in line with the realities of our time, against such a tragedy at any age. But adjusted the hours of the working day by lowering the retirement age under again-short of that long-range goal or of the working week-to meet modern old-a;;e and survivors insurance from we can substantially reduce the tragedy conditions. But we are still wedded to a age 65 to age 60. by lowering the retirement age to 60 working-life concept which dates back Why was the retirement age in the . years. This will mean that men and at least three decades. We are here original Social Security Act set at age women who now are so disabled after concerned, then, not with the condition 1951,. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 31 of the country in 1910-<>r even in 1935- On the other han1, a reduction -in the tricts-about 30,000 people in the bound but with the situation today. We have personal exemptions would benefit aries of the districts-should be willing revised and modernized our social secu everyone but would be particularly bene to bind themselves to the payment of rity structure in nearly every other re ficial to large families. $52 million plus interest, in order to more spect, but we have held on to an outworn H. R. 2281 is also applicable to the fully develop a water supply to meet the concept in allowing the retirement age double exemption for blind persons and expanding needs of the irrigators. to stand at 65. persons over 65. Hence, a married cou The amount which is provided as I believe our social-security system ple, .both over 65, would' be entitled to financial aid is the sum which it would should be one which will encourage us an exemption of $3,000 under H. R. 2281, cost the Federal Government for the to make way for younger workers, and in contrast to the present exemption of irrigation features of the project, should encourage a way of life which, in the $2,400. Thus, this bill would be a great it ·develop the water resource and in turn democratic pattern, produces the maxi help to the old people who have particu sell it to the irrigators. Under the recla mum of economic progress and individ larly borne the burden of inflation which mation law this would be repaid by the ual security. ·short of the enactment of has sharply reduced the value of their water users, without interest, over a a genuinely protective social-security savings and annuities. period of 40 years. This sum is not a system, such as is proposed in my omni The Republican administration which gift to the irrigation districts. It is bus bill, I suggest that an amendment came into office in 1920, following World merely a loan to help them get started lowering the retirement age from age 65 War I and its high taxes, particularly on the project. It will be repaid by the to age 60 would be one of the most uni benefited the people with low incomes by districts. versally beneficial improvements we can greatly reducing their income tax from This bill is a "guinea pig" bill that may make in the system. It will, I submit, its previous high level. The present new pave the way for other similar projects be a long step forward in providing bet Republican administration can lik~wise and that will result in collaboration be ter and more adequate protection against do a worthwhile act of justice and give tween the Federal Government and State the economic risks of our time. priority in tax relief for the persons with agencies in the development of water low incomes and large families by rais resources. It will place the management ing the present tax exemptions $600 to and control of these resources in the $750 or more per dependent. hands of those who will use and pay for Present Income-Tax Exemp~ion of $600 the works necessary to bring the water to their lands. It will be controlled at Should Be Raised the level of and by the very people who Federal Cooperation With Local Subdivi use the resource. It will remove remote :EXTENSION OF REMARKS control of water which comes from an or sions for the Conservation and Develop intrastate stream in California, which by ment of Water Resources its constitution provides that the water HON.CHARLESJ.KERSTEN of its streams belong to the people of or WYSCONSIN EXTENSION OF REMARKS the State. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Another interesting feature-of this de 01' Wednesday, January 6, 1954 velopment is that hydroelectric develop HON. LEROY JOHNSON ment of these waters will provide elec Mr. KERSTEN of Wisconsin. Mr. 01' CALII'ORNIA tricity, the sale of which will completely Speaker, the present personal income . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pay for the whole project in 50 years. tax exemption of $600 for each taxpayer These districts have an executed con and each dependent is totally unrealistic Wednesday, January 6, 1954 tract with the Pacific Gas & Electric Co: today. At the time when these exemp Mr. JOHNSON of California. Mr. that all the power developed by these tions were made so low a dollar was Speaker, in line with the announced dams will be purchased by the Pacific worth more than it is today. With the policy of the Department of Interior to Gas & Electric Co., and it is estimated decreasing value of the dollar it is now cooperate with the States and other that in 50 years the income from this necessary to raise the personal income political subdivisions in the conservation contract will pay the money for which tax exemption in order to end the dis and development of water resources, I the people of the districts have bonded proportionate tax burden which now falls have today introduced a bill to provide themselves on large families. Federal assistance to permit the financ A most interesting thing about this In January 1953, I introduced H. R. ing and construction of the Tri-Dam situation is that the vote of the people 2281 which provides for raising the in project on the Stanislaus River in Cali who authorized these bonds was over 9 come-tax exemption from $600 to $750 fornia. to 1 in one district, and over 5 to 1 in for all personal taxpayers and for each The South San Joaquin Irrigation Dis the other district. dependent. According to the Treasury trict and the Oakdale Irrigation District Department estimates this change in the have combined their interests in under income-tax laws would make an addi taking this joint project. These two tional $3% billion a year available to districts were pioneers in the develop Deduction of College Expenses for American families. We all know that ment of irrigation in California which Income-Tax Purposes the American family is the great spend turned our agricultural production from ing unit which keeps the wheels of Amer grains, hay, and so forth, to specialized EXTENSION OF REMARKS ican industry turning. This additional crops such as almonds, walnuts. peaches, or $3% billion in the hands of American plums, pears, prunes, grapes, truck families would be spent on the usual garden crops of all kinds, and so forth. HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. family necessities and would thus help This has resulted in California being the 01' NEW JERSEY to keep American business at a high State which for years has been the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES level and help to absorb American largest producer, in dollar value, of agri farmer products. cultural crops. Wednesday, January 6, 1954 Since it has been proposed to reduce This bill will authorize assistance in Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, a pro taxes beyond the amount which has the amount of $10,370,000 to these dis posal has been made that the income already gone into effect as of January 1 tricts. The districts have each voted tax laws should be revised to allow de of this year, it would be much more equi bonds in the sum of $26 million for the duction for tax purposes of certain ex table to bring about this reduction by development of the Tri-Dam project. penses connected with college education. increasing the personal exemptions The districts are operated jointly, and I am thoroughly in agreement with ·the rather than by an overall percentage de have two Federal Power Commission basic principle upon which this proposal crease in the tax rates. An overall de licenses authorizing the construction of is based. My specific reasons I will crease in rates, while helpful, would still this project. enumerate for you in a minute, but first leave the large families bearing a dis It is fantastic that a small group of I would like to say a few words about the proportionate share of the tax burden. people who are the owners of these dis- importance of a college education for the 32 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE January 6 youth of today. If we are willing to sup help the children, but it also would help ministration's proposal, we are entitled port tax advantages for the sake of mak some of the private institutions of higher to a full explanation from those responsi ing college education more readily avail learning by increasing the number of ble for it, and an opportunity for the able, we must first agree that a college students in attendance. In the long run, people's representatives to pass upon its education is a good and desirable thing, of course, all of us would benefit by soundness. We live in a very complex world today, having a citizenry which was better edu It does not seem right, somehow, to a world which our ancestors would find cated and better equipped to face the have one hand asking for billions and completely batHing. We are engaged in problems of modern-day living. sacrifice to destroy an enemy and the all sorts of activities which they could other hand patting him on the back and never have anticipated. We have made encouraging his economic welfare. tremendous strides in both the physical and the social sciences. Life is infinitely Trade With Iron Curtain Countries more complex today than ever before. How are we to cope with this increased EXTENSION OF REMARKS Resolution Introduced Calls· for Nation complexity, with this myriad of new in wide Soil Conservation and Flood Pre ventions and new developments? How OF are we to equip the young men and HON. JOHN E. LYLE, JR. vention Program women of today to go out with a chance OF TEXAS of making a better world for themselves? IN TIIE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES EXTENSION OF REMARKS One answer is that we must provide bet OF ter and more extensive education for as Wednesday, January 6, 1954 many of our population as possible. Mr. LYLE. Mr. Speaker, I have been HON. HOWARDS. MILLER Now, a better education does not mean home among normal people so long that OF KANSAS that everyone must go to college. But, it takes reconditioning to understand IN TIIE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES certainly, it means that we should pro some of the things I have been reading Wednesday, January 6, 1954 vide the opportunity for the best quali about in the Washington papers for the fied of our young people to do so. We last 2 days. Mr. MILLER of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, need desperately, for instance, many When I left here in August to go home, I have introduced for consideration of more scientists and adequately trained Russia was a mortal enemy of mankind, the House and the Senate a resolution professional men and women. We need, cruelly bent upon the destruction of requesting the Department of Agricul too, men and women who have an under freedom and decency and all of the ture to take immediate steps to develop standing of our social and economic things we cherish. That is, I thought so, a comprehensive and nationwide soil structure, of our cultural institutions; but I read this morning where the Presi conservation and flood-prevention pro men and women with a background ade dent's man, Stassen, now called Foreign gram. quate to enable them to devise workable Operations Administrator, had a press In introducing this resolution I had in solutions to the many problems which conference and said that the National mind two principal objects. confront us. Colleges are equipped to Security Council decided last summer to First of these arises out of the serious help us satisfy those needs. relax the curbs on trade with the Iron ness of the problem of saving our soil. Today, 150,000 top students each year and Bamboo countries, and that the ad The United States fell heir to the great are unable to go on to college from high ministration has been relaxing the bans est fortune ever inherited by any nation. school, mostly for financial reasons. on items considered nonstrategic over 3,628,130 square miles of land-forests. Only 20 percent graduate from college. the last 5 months. As a matter of fact, minerals, farmland in seemingly inex We can and must do better than this. the article said that the Eisenhower haustible quantity. We were the rich· There are a few fortunate families administration has reversed its policy of man's son of the world, and I regret to who have no trouble in meeting all the opposing trade with Russia and is now say we have wasted our substance very expenses their children incur during the encouraging such trade. The article re much as the proverbial rich man's son course of their college educations. But minds us, however, that this will not is likely to do. most of us experience a great deal of favorably affect the surpluses of Amer We have wantonly wasted our metals difficulty in scratching up the thousands ica-it will only favorably affect the until we are being driven to import iron of dollars required to put a child through countries that we have been giving for our steel mills. We have denuded college. Many of us find it far beyond money to since the war and, of course our mountains of timber until we can the realm of possibility, or are forced Russia. ' foresee a shortage of lumber within a to go heavily into debt to secure the Mr. Speaker, when can an enemy be lifetime. But these losses, serious as they necessary funds. One action which forgiven for purely economic purposes? are, are small compared to the loss of would provide some relief is the raising When is it advisable to prohibit Ameri the soil that is being yearly washed into of the income tax deduction allowed for cans from trading with the Iron Curtain the sea. a dependent in college to a figure which countries, and at the same time advisable No man who loves his country and more nearly corresponds to the actual to permit and encourage our beneficiaries who has a decent regard for the genera· cost than does the present $600 allow and competitors to carry on this trade? tions to come after him, and knowing ance. Experience has shown that a par I have not been able to wipe away the the soil loss this Nation annually sus· ent must expect to pay nearly $1,500 a blood and sacrifice and suffering brought tains, can look into the future without year to keep a child in college; many on by the Communists sufficiently to ac fear and anxiety for his country. schools require a much greater amount; cept without protest a policy that will Think of it, my colleagues, you guard. some are somewhat less expensive, espe strengthen the Government of Russia. ians of the welfare of the people of this cially if the child is living at home. It is not possible for me to experience Nation, the loss, the irreparable loss Very few of us have $1,500 a year to anything except anger and sadness that that can never be retrieved. It is not spare, and the situation becomes even my country would make such a decision, like the destruction of a city. Cities can worse when two or more children are a decision which, apparently, was made be rebuilt and they are rebuilt, often ready for college at the same time. In last summer when young Americans were bigger and better than ever, but the good creased tax deductions would not solve dying at the hands of the stooges of the soil, the life of a nation, washed into the the whole problem, but they would make Communist government. I do not pro sea, can never, never be replaced. it a little less burdensome. We allow pose to tell the Governments of England, Think of it, my colleagues, the waste. deductions for medical expenses, for con France, Italy, or any other government the unredeemable waste, such as no na .. tributions to charities (possibly includ except my own what they should or tion on the earth lias ever sustained. ing the education of someone else's chil should not do with reference to someone Shall we stand idly by and see it con dren), and we grant special tax advan who is trying to kill them, but I do say tinue? We must not, we dare not do it. tages for such things as the rapid amor that I am not going to share with them If we Members of Congress, guardians of tization of the cost of defense plants. the hard -earned dollars of the American this Nation, knowingly permit this waste It would be even more logical to allow people, and to further say that the pro to continue we shall deserve the con tax advantages for the college educations posed announcement by Mr. Stassen does demnation, not only of this generation. of our children. Not only would this not make sense to me. If it is the ad- but of all the generations that come 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 33 after. We cannot plead ignorance-we lea the laughing-stock of the world. It of procedure to bring them within the know the facts; we cannot plead pov· can best be done within the halls of Con .. scope of our democratic process. - erty-we can only plead guili~guilty gress itself by exerting greater control Consequently, I am introducing a con of a crime for which we cannot make over these run-away committees and by current resolution which seeks to estab· amends. prescribing set rules of procedure in their lish certain rules of procedure governing What then shall be our course of ac inve~tigative ~ctivities. investigations by committees of Con tion? Shall we close our eyes to the_ Mr. Speaker, during the 82d Congress, gress. It follows generally some of the hideous spectacle of our basic wealth back in 1951 and 1952, I had the honor· provisions contained in a similar resolu· being transported into the sea? Shall to serve as chairman of the House Inter tion introduced by the distinguished we close our ears to the roar of the rivers state and Foreign Commerce Subcom Senator of Tennessee [Mr. KEFAUVER] carrying not our "black gold" but our mittee which conducted an investigation and nine of his Senate colleagues, but "bread of life" into the Gulf of Mexico of the Securities and Exchange Commis with certain exceptions and modifica and the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans? sion. At the very first meeting of our tions. I repeat, Mr. Speaker, what will this subcommittee, I laid down the rules by My resolution contains a new pro· Congress do in such circumstances? No which the investigation would be con vision-section 3-which- specifies that more important question can come be· ducted. I quote from the subcommit· the subject and purpose of an investi fore this session. There can be but one tee's hearings, part 1, page 2: gation shall be stated before hearings answer: We shall, we must, adopt a sen The subcommittee will seek to ascertain are held, and that the evidence devel sible, comprehensive soil-conservation whether or not the legislative intent and oped by the committee during the hear· program. To prev:ent further waste of_ policy have been understood and carried out ings shall be relevant to the subject and our soil should be our first and primary by the Commission. The inquiry will be purpose as stated~ This section is in consideration. conducted in an objective, fair, judicial, and accordance with my views expressed in We have more than 3 million men in impartial manner in the interest o! the the quotation cited above from the hear· Nation. ings of the SEC Subcommittee which I the armed services. We have other mil· In reviewing the Commission's activities lions engaged in the manufacture of in·· we shall aim to do so in a constructive and headed in the last Congress. struments of war. We all know that, dignified. manner, to give credit and recog Another provision in my resolution sooner or later, the international ten nition to the Commission's achievements, section 14-prescribes that television or sions must lessen, these soldiers will be and to point out any deficiencies and weak radio coverage shall be omitted during brought home, and ·the men in war E_;pots wherever these may occur, so that hearings if the witness objects on the· plants will be out of jobs. All must be proper steps may be taken to correct them. ground that his reputation is at stake. given employment. Where in all this . • • • Slander and character assassination wiil be ruled out of order. We -will not Where there is no objection on the part land can be found a better place to put smear, but we will not. whitewash. At all of the witness, such coverage is to be these young men to work, than in saving times it shall be the aim o! the subcommit· facilitated to the fullest possible extent.- our basic resource, the good black soil tee to extend to those involved and to those Other sections of my resolution pro- that produces the corn, .the wheat, the who want to be heard the privilege and vide as follows: _ cotton, the wool, the swine, and the cat opportunity to present their views. We Any person or organization whose ac tle that feed and clothe the people of shall, however, avoid cluttering the record tivities are the subject of an investigation this Nation. with irrelevant testimony and baseless de· !amatory remarks. shall be notified of the nature of the charges against them and the derogatory Mr. Speaker, I need not tell you that material which is to be presented against I followed that procedure scrupulously. Congressional Investigations them. I sought- to conduct the hearings judi· Such person or organization should be cially and to track down every lead in given the opportunity to present evi· EXTENSION OF REMARKS a fair and impartial manner, without dence in their own behalf. OF sensationalism and without seeking Persons or organizations investigated headlines at the other fellow's expense. should be permitted the advice·of coun HON~ -LOUIS B. HELLER I want to reiterate my position that OF NEW YORK sel, who shall be entitled to question congressional investigations must be within appropriate limits such person o~ IN-·'111E HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conducted in such manner. The rights representatives of organizations for per Wednesday, January 6, 1954 and the privileges, the good names, and tinent facts. Mr. HELLER. Mr. Speaker, there-is the good reputations of those appearing They may file with the committee a as witnesses or those named during the limited number of questions to be an.: great dissatisfaction in our country to course of such hearings, must be safe.. day with the investigative methods and swered by witnesses who have testified guarded. Irresponsible charges, made to derogatory information. procedures used by congressional com under the protective cloak of congres· mittees. Unfortunately, there has been At the conclusion of the evidence, such sional immunity, must be ruled out. The person or organization may file a rebut a good deal of abuse of these processes, sooner that is done, the sooner we shall which has proven injurious to the civil tal statement. be able to preserve the great moral and Witnesses should not be compelled to rights and liberties of American citizens. political freedoms we so proudly call It is undermining our whole concept of testify as to their religious or political freedom and may in the long run: de.;, our own. beliefs unless a majority of the commit· stroy our way of life. · It is for these reasons that I have tee rules that such information is rele· given much thought in recent months vant to the investigation. The trend of fear and hysteria, which to this matter in the hope of sugg-esting is felt throughout the length and breadth - These are the main provisions of the ~ertain rules of procedure. in order to resolution, but there are also several of our country today, is a direct result ameliorate the investigative processes of of the abuse of congressional power and congressional committees. I am of the minor provisions which contain safe~ the dictatorial manner of some of those opinion-and I believe all my colleagues guards concerning subpenas, the presen.. who utilize this power for personal or in this ChambeF will agree with me tation of bona fide claims of privilege, partisan reasons. Our tradition of free that the primary purpose for which Con inquiries into the private affairs of an dom, our respect for human rjghts and gress is entitled· to use compulsory power Individual, testimony developed in exec for the dignity of the individual, the ·in its investigative procedure is to obtain utive sesSions, and other safeguards. privileges we enjoy in the form of civil the necessary information to perform its Mr. :Speaker, I urge the Members of liberties-all ·of these rights and privi.; Congress to give serious consideration to leges which made ·America great-are le~slative functions. When these legis being trampled upon. ' lative investigations take on the appear· this matter and to the proposals con tained.in my resolution. By adoption of It is not too late to retrace our steps ance of a court trial, when they are and to correct -this situation, and that conducted in a way to advance the po~ these rules of procedure, we shall not can best be done by promptly putting in litical fortunes of an individual who is a only vastly improve the prestige of Con- their place the vociferous witch-hunters~ member. of such committee or the politi.; gress but also bring t0 an end the period the book-burners, the "character assas.;. J::al party :with.which .he is amliated, then of fear and hysteria and lift the national sins, and the like~ who have made Amer~ it 'is time io revise .or amead c;»ur rule& morale to great heights. - c--a 34 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 6 The full text of my resolution follows: such person's testimony shall be kept secret. so overriding that they let the cat out Concurrent Resolution 186 Any such examination shall be held before of the bag on several critical issues. To not less than two committee members. Tes begin with, even before Stalin was an Concuir~r{t resolution establishing rules of timony taken in executive session shall be procedure governing investigations by kept secret and shall not be released, or nounced as dead, they denied his only committees of Congress used in· public hearings, without the a-p significant contribution to Marxian - Resolved by the House of Representatives proval of a majority of ·the committee. theory by admitting that the multi (the Senate concurring therein), That the SEc. 9. No witness before a committee shall national tensions of the U.S.S.R. were following provisions of this concurrent reso be compelled to testify as to his religious greater than ever before in history. The lution are adopted as an exercise of t):le rule or political belief unless the committee rules greatest myth surrounding Stalin was making power of the Senate and House of by majority vote that such testimony is that he had solved the perplexing prob Representatives, respectively, and as such relevant to the inquiry. lem of nationalism by getting the people they shall be considered as part of the rules SEc. 10. Until after the committee has of each House, respectively, governing the been given a reasonable time to file its re to accept the "dictatorship of the prole conduct of investigations undertaken by port, members of committees shall refrain tariat" as the road to utopia. Their committees. from making derogatory comments about a fears also. led them to admit publicly SEc. 2. As used In this concurrent resolu witness in either House or elsewhere and their belief that the ethnic Russians, tion, the term "committee" means a stand shall refrain from revealing the contents of the minority peoples of the U. S. S. R., ing or select committee of either House of any committee report or the conclusions were the superior people of the system Congress, a joint committee of the two contained in such report prior to its issuance. and the dependence of the regime upon Houses, or a duly authorized subcommit SEc. 11. Minority reports, if any, shall be tee of any of the foregoing. filed at the same ·time as majority reports their loyal support of the transition fol SEC. 3. Before any committee begins any on investigations involving the private affairs lowing Stalin's death. bearings in connection with any investiga of individuals. The struggle between Malenkov and tion, the chairman, or a member of the SEc. 12. All of the evidence involving the Beria was forecast on the very day they committee designated by him for the pur private affairs of individuals upon which a carried Stalin's mortal remains to Red pose, shall clearly state the subject and committee report, finding, or conclusion is Square. In the funeral orations given purpose of the investigation. The evidence based shall be made public concurrently with by both men, one finds the seeds of the sought to be elicied by the committee in such report, finding, or conclusion. the course of such hearings shall be relevant SEc. 13. A verbatim record shall be made struggle which ensued during the fol to the subject of the investigation, and rea of all hearings. Records of public hearings lowing 5 months. Malenkov, in his ora sonably calculated to contribute to the ac and published portions of executive hearings tion, made particular reference to the complishment of the purpose of the investi shall be made available to the public upon peoples of Russia. Beria on the other gation, as so stated. payment of the cost thereof. hand, chose to call them peoples of the SEc. 4. Insofar as practicable, any person SEC. 14. The appearance of a witness be U. S. S. R. The passage of time and or organization whose activities are the sub fore a committee in the course of an investi the elimination of Beria have proved the gation shall not be broadcast or televised ject of investigation by a committee, or real significance of the choice of these about whom derogatory information is pro without his consent, where there is reason posed to be presented at a public hearing of able ground to believe that in the course terms by the leading contenders for a committee, shall be fully advised by the of his appearance a reference will be made, Stalin's throne. committee as to the matters into which the by the witness or by any member of the · Beria, by virtue of his long tenure of committee proposes to inquire and the de committee or its staff, to any matter ad office, as head of the dreaded secret rogatory material which is proposed to be versely affecting the reputation of the police, knew better than anyone else the presented. Insofar as practicable, all ma witness. structural and political weakness of the terial reflecting on the character of any in dividual or organization which is proposed Communist empire. He also-knew what to be presented at a public hearing of a the vast majority of the peoples of the committee shall be first reviewed in· execu Ukrainian National Independence U.S.S.R. wanted because he spent most tive session and shall not be presented at a Truth or Fiction of his lifetime sending people to death public hearing ~xcept pursuant to ma,jority or slave labor camps just because they vote of the committee. did seek goals and objectives which did SEc. 5. Any person or organization whose EXTENSION OF REMARKS not agree with those of the regime. He activities are the subject of any investiga OF knew why the police state was necessary tion by a committ~e. or a~out whom a de rogatory statement is made or material is and he thereby knew what kind of in- presented at any public hearing of a com HON. MICHAEL A. FEIGHAN . •· ternal pressure would assure his victory mittee, shall- OF OHIO in the struggle with Malenkov. ( 1) be given an opportunity to present IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Malenkov on the other hand, was a evidence in his or its own behalf at the same Wednesday, January 6, 1954 typical Moscow bureaucrat, steeped in session and, if possible, on the same day; the chauvinistic life of Muscovy. Well ( 2) be permitted in appearances before the Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, I have committee to be accompanied and advised by schooled by Stalin in the technique of counsel, who shall within appropriate limits asked for time today in order to invite imperial control, he, above all others, be entitled to question such person or rep the attention of the Members of Con came closest to the requirements of a resentatives of such organization, in order gress to some unusual developments czar. He thereby became the candidate to bring out all pertinent facts; taking place within the U. S. S. R. These. of the Moscovites and as such all ethnic (3) be permitted to file with the commit events have been given scant public Russians were committed to support tee a limited number of interrogatories to notice in the United States and have him. be answered by witnesses who have testified received like treatment, with a few nota to derogatory material about such person What followed is a matter of history. or organization; ble exceptions, elsewhere in the free Beria spent his time building up strength (4) be entitled to have the committee sub world. But they have been given intense in the 14 non-Russian nations of the pena witnesses for limited direct or adverse treatment within the prison of nations, U. S. S. R. Russians were dismissed examination by such person or organization, which we, by habit, refer to as the Union from high office in most of those areas or by his or its counsel, subject to the dis of Soviet Socialist Republics. Since and in their places Beria put men who cretion of the committee; and these events have a vital bearing on the could be counted upon to demand con (5> be permitted to file at the conclusion security of the United States and the of the evidence a rebuttal statement, which cessions from the Muscovites. In dis shall be made a part of the record and con advancement of human freedom missing the Russian bureaucrats. sidered in the committee's report. throughout the world, I feel they should charges were placed against them for SEc. 6. Any witness who asserts a bona be of special interest to all Members of attempting to Russify the non-Russian fide claim of privilege shall be entitled to Congress. nations, disregarding the legitimate as present such claim to the committee, either . Just a few months ago we and the pirations of the people and for reviving in his own proper person or through counsel, other people of the free world were in the chauvinistic policies of the Czars. In and secure the committee's ruling. formed by the Kremlin that Stalin, the retrospect we can now see that Beria SEC. 7. No subpena to Inquire Into the pri czar of tyrants, was about pass from vate affairs of any individual shall be issued to came close to attaining total power. by any committee except pursuant to ma this earth like all mortal men. Scarcely Malenkov, having made his deal with the jority vote of the committee. had this announcement been made when Russian contrplled Red army, was able SEC. 8. No person shall be required to tes the official mouthpiece of the Red con to use that force to stop Beria-to ar tify in executive session of any committee spirators called for unity of the many rest him, to try him and to liquidate him. unless a majority of the committee expressly nations and peoples making up the u. Perhaps we shall never know exactly rules that the public interest requires that S. s. R. Their fear and uncertainty was how close Beria came to winning this 195.1, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 35 struggle but there are strong indications I am also· sure that the Ukrainhui peo .. Eighty-Third Congress, Second Session, at this early date that Malenkov stopped ple will recall the true story about the him with little time to spare. There are Treaty of Peryaslav. They will remem· Report lC;» th~ People of the Fifth Con also signs that Beria left behind some ber that Hetman Khmelnitsky was de· gressional District of Maryland violent seeds of internal disruption ceived by the Muscovites 300 years ago at which may very well burst in the hands a time when he was making an heroic EXTENSION OF REMARKS of Malenkov-if he lasts long enough. struggle for the independence of Ukraine. OF I am not attempting to analyze Beria's They will never forget how the Mus· motives ·or to suggest that he sought to covites violated this treaty and in the HON. -FRANK SMALL, JR. reform after Stalin's death. He was a end used it as a means to annex Ukrain· OF MARYLAND ruthless, amoral person all his life and ian lands and make the people subservi· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the record should remain clear on that ent to Moscow. They will surely recall Wednesday, January 6, 1954 point. In his struggle for total power, the failure of the czars to Russify the however, cold-blooded judgment rather Ukraine just as today they see on all sides Mr. SMALL. Mr. Speaker, as the than sentiment was required. the efforts of the Communist Party to secot?-d session of the 83d Congress opens, The Soviet indictment of Beria charged accomplish what the czars failed to ac offermg new opportunities for construc him, among other things; with the fol complish. Their courage and true na tive legislation, I should like to make lowing: tional spirit will be strengthened by the several observations for the record at First. Supporting remnants of the expressed fears of Moscow. They cannot this time. I therefore submit this report bourgeois nationalist elements in the f-ail to press forward with renewed vigor to my constituents: non-Russian nations of the U.S.S.R. toward the centuries old goal of an inde My work on the Public Works Commit Second. Sowing hatred and discord be -pendent, sovereign Ukraine taking its tee is both interesting and demanding. tween the peoples of the U. S. S. R. place among the other nations of the Many of the projects considered by our Third. Undermining the friendship of world as a respected equal. committee have real merit. You can the peoples of the U. S. S. R. with the I am equally confident that the other readily appreciate how difficult it is to non-Russian nation& of the U. S. S. R. establish projects which should be given ethnic Russian people. priority for appropriations. You and I The closed court committee which will not be deceived by the Kremlin falsi fi-cation of history in connection with the are impelled by our sense of responsi· supposedly tried Beria announced him bility as conscientious and patriotic citi· guilty of these charges, among others, Treaty of Peryaslav. The Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians have fresh in zens to do our duty. The very safety and ordered his execution. This was of our great Republic depends upon the carried out on December 23, 1953. their memories the treaties they were forced sign in 1.939 which were later way in which- you and I discharge this _But this does not end the case of Lav to responsibility. · renti Beria. Even before his announced used illegally to annex those sovereign nations into the U. S. S. R. The people The last session of Congress accom· execution, the frightened Muscovites felt plished a saving of $13 billion, compared compelled to take a most extraordinary of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaidzhan will never forget how they lost their na with the estimate prepared in advance by step to demonstrate what they call the the previous administration. This was unbreakable friendship of the peoples of tional independence gained after World War I through the violation of similar a saving of about $81 for every man, the U. S. S. R. for the ethnic Russians. woman, and child in the country. More Pravda of December 9, 1953, announced treaties by Moscow. Nor will the people of the Independent Byelorussian or the can be saved if Congress will clamp down that by official decree, January 8, 1954, on foreign spending, as I believe we was to be a multinational holiday cele Turkestani Democratic Republic ever forget what signing any sort of treaty should do, for I still believe that you brated throughout the realm, in com cannot buy friends. It is hoped that memoration of the 300th anniversary of with Moscow means. Down through all recorded history, Muscovy has always Congress can discontinue foreign-aid ~he annexation of the Ukraine by Mus programs soon and thus further reduce covy. This decree makes it "incumbent considered any treaty of mutual assist ance or nonaggression with a foreign our Government expenditures. upon local party and Soviet organiza While the last session of Congress tions to mark widely this event-to or state as a legal instrument to perform any illegal act necessary the extension passed up a proposed increase in the ganize lectures, reports and talks devoted to national debt limit, it is anticipated that to this important event-and the further of the empire. this will be up for consideration early strengthening of friendship of the peo Now that the Kremlin has been fo;ced in the second session. Budget requests ples of the Soviet Union." to admit that the aspirations of all the were cut, but the present administra· Pravda, in an editorial of December Ukrainian people is, and always has been, tion is confronted with the heavy com· for national independence. we should 9, 1953, gives extravagant instructions on mit~ents of the former regime. Bills why this multinational holiday is pro extend similar recognition. There is coming due must be paid. The Govern claimed and how it is to be cariied out. pending before the House Foreign Affairs ment must borrow the money to pay The Ukrainians are to be told that they Committee a resolution-House Concur· them unless tax payments take a spurt. have now realized thelr centuries long rent Resolution 58--calling for the es We must always be in a position to pay struggle for national independence be tablishment of full diplomatic relations our obligations or face a national calam· cause their Russian "brothers"· have with Ukraine and Byelorussia. Public ity. This is just a business reality. granted it to them. The Ukrainians are hearings have been held on this resolu Matters of vital concern to the Fifth to be praised for this centuries long tion and it is time action was taken on it. Congressional District to which I shall ~truggle and told that they attained it By taking early and affirmative action continue to devote my attention and through the efforts of the Communist on this resolution, we can establish a personal efforts include the following: Party. They are to be reminded, how Anacostia River· Basin ftood-control ever, that their national independence real test of the sincerity of Moscow in its claimed support for peace and tran project, better known as Peace Cross : is not the same kind sought by Ukrainian Senator JOHN MARSHALL BUTLER and patriots over the centuries. It is a new quillity among nations. We could not be kind, manufactured by the Muscovites, accused of interference in the internal Senator J. GLENN BEALL are cooperating affairs of the U. S. S. R. because the actively with us in an effort to obtain and called National Soviet Ukrainian conclusive, favorable action for -some statehood. According. to the editorial, Kremlin itself has announced to the construction funds in 1954. This . proj this means "national in appearance and world that the Ukrainian nation has ect is important not only as a relief to socialist in substance." What the Uk been given its national independence. homeowners and businesses in the area, rainians will not be told is that this All the other non-Russian nations of but also for the movement of traffic on is the same old stuff put out in revised the U. S. S. R. have been given instruc United States Routes 1 and 50 and for form and tailored to cause more than tions to prepare appropriate celebrations the defense of the National Capital. the ordinary confusion resulting from for this occasion. The Kremlin knows The State of Maryland has made man such proclamations. But, I am sure the that all these nations also seek the same datorily available a sum of $4,250,000 Ukrainian people will not be fooled by goal. It is clearly in our best interests for construction on this project, predi this maneuver and will see in it an ad to find out whether the Kremlin an cated on an appropriation by the Fed mission of fear on the part of the nouncement of December 9, 1953, is truth eral Government, which would permit Kremlin. or fiction. · us to go ahead without· further delays. 36 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 6 Planning by the United States Army permit the Secretary of Agriculture to velt. As a boy in knee pants he was engineers has progressed sufficiently for adjust acreage restrictions according to one of my heroes. His exploits in the construction to begin as ·soon as Federal the various types and grades of wheat in Spanish-American War were dear to my funds can be provided. the areas in which they are produced a~ heart. And as I grew older I learned of Andrews Air Force Base and Friend cording to the supply of such types and his efficient and successful administra ship International Airport: The entire grades in relation to demand for them. tion of our Nation's affairs as its Chief Maryland congressional delegation, in The present law providing for acreage Executive. cluding all Representatives and both restrictions on wheat contains a serious I would most certainly do nothing to United States Senators, is cooperating defect in that it does not take into ac mar the cherished memory of that great with us in opposing the partial com count the fact that the supply and de statesman-soldier. On the contrary my mercialization of Andrews Air Force mand situation varies with different proposal would serve to enhance that Base; and we unitedly favor the use of classes of wheat. memory. The bridge I propose would Friendship International Airport to han At present the surplus of wheat in the carry the name "the Theodore Roose dle the overflow load of transoceanic and United States is so great that acreage velt Memorial Bridge." It would be a transcontinental air traffic which cannot restrictions have been applied. How constant reminder to the millions of peo be readily accommodated at Washington ever, investigation reveals that the larg ple who would pass over it that Theodore National Airport. est oversupply is in the soft wheats, while Roosevelt will ever live in the American Washington-Baltimore Expressway: there is a high level of demand and in hall of fame. The Baltimore end of this new highway, dications of some shortage of high pro No one will contend that the Lincoln built by the State of Maryland, will be tein spring and hard winter wheat and Memorial Bridge in Washington offends open to all types of traffic. The Depart durum. the memory of Abraham Lincoln. Nor ment of the Interior has indicated that Montana farmers received premiums will they say that the George Washing the Washington end, designated as as high as 50 cents per bushel on high ton Bridge in New York reflects adverse "parkway" and built by the Federal Gov protein wheat this year. I am told that ly on the memory of the man who was ernment, will be limited to passenger the 1953 crop of durum is only about "first in war, first in peace, and first in vehicles only. We are seeking a solu one-half our normal requirement. It the hearts of his countrymen." If any tion to this problem which has two appears that the production of high pro luster could be added to the names of schools of thought. We feel that the tein and durum in 1953 did not con Lincoln and Washington, these splendid Interior Department should afford fur tribute to the surplus supply of wheat. bridge structures have added it. And ther opportunity for both sides to be Nevertheless, the present law requires so it would be with the Theodore Roose heard. that the acreage allotments be assigned velt Memorial Bridge which I proposed The Hatch Act: I shall continue to to all producers of wheat, regardless of in the bill I have introduced in the press for enactment of my bill, H. R. the class of wheat produced, and there House today. 1418, to amend the Hatch Act so that fore the acreage of these needed and de Theodore Roosevelt Island will not be Government employees will be able to sirable classes of wheat must be restricted destroyed, nor will the bird sanctuary enjoy the same rights as other citizens just the same as the acreage of those there be disturbed. I am sure that were to participate in political campaigns. classes of which there is a surplus. I the great "Teddy" alive he would be the I shall continue to look out for the feel it is desirable to give the Secretary last to stand in the way of progress and best interests of our schools, so far as of Agriculture the authority he needs to the great needs of the citizens of our I can help at the national level, with due administer the law with greater flexibil communities. When the best interests consideration for the heavy load we carry ity so that he may take into account of our Nation and its people were con in federally impacted areas. I am ever these special situations. cerned he moved fast. When he con ready to do what I can to protect the Properly administered, this amend ceived the Panama Canal it is said he extensive varied interests of all segments ment will assure American consumers a acted first and obtained the approval of of agriculture and other legitimate busi continued adequate supply of high pro Congress later. That was the nature of ness and industry, employees and em tein wheat, while at the same time pro the man. He was a doer and he did ployers alike. I shall continue to work tecting the economy against an over not believe in haggling about it. also for improved retirement benefits for supply of other grades. Government employees in the interest The amendment would have no effect of a better civil service. on price support operations for any class The opportunity to serve the people of of wheat. Clear All Decks for Action the Fifth District of Maryland in Con gress is deeply appreciated, but there are some things more important to me than EXTENSION OF REMARKS my commission as your Congressman. Proposed Span Over Potomac River OF What happens to me will be of little im HON. GEORGE H. BENDER portance, in a general sense, but what EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF OHIO happens to this country is tremendously OF important to my children, to your chil IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dren, and to our children's children. I HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL Wednesday, January 6, 1954 want to do a good job. You can help. OF VIRGINIA Mr. BENDER. Mr. Speaker, Mr. I shall be glad to hear from you on any IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Eisenhower has taken over. This is the matters which you feel should be brought big news story of January 1954. After a to my attention. My address is room Wednesday, January 6, 1954 year of taking soundings, the President 1608, New House Office Building, Wash Mr. BROYHILL. Mr. Speaker, it now is prepared to steer the ship into deep ington, D. C. rests with the Congress to make the de waters. In the past month, White House cision necessary to the solution of the conferences with Congressmen have serious bridge problem affecting the given the President a direct insight into Acreage Restriction on Wheat greater Washington area. I believe that the thinking of the folks at home, and it will be decided in the best interests th~ ~;ople on ~~IJ.l- !1~ E-!~~~ ~elr _in EXTENSION OF REMARKS or tlie citizens· of washington anifrielgh-:. Washmgton. Ours Is a country which OF boring Virginia. prides itself upon action. We like to I sincerely regret that some well-in know the facts and act. So does Presi HON. WESLEY A. D'EWART tentioned citizens have objected to the dent Eisenhower. His whole history is OF MONTANA E Street bridge location because the a testimonial to this decisiveness. He IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proposed span would go over Theodore hates fence sitting. But he does not like Wednesday, January 6, 1954 Roosevelt Island. This island was dedi to become involved before he knows the cated to the memory of that great Amer situation. Mr. D'EWART. Mr. Speaker, I have ican and former President. We have reached a point in world introduced today a bill to amend the I sincerely share their admiration and history where no government can sit Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 to respect for the lovable "Teddy" Roose- complacently on the sidelines and sim- 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD·- HOUSE 37 ply referee the game. Today, govern extends the present rate of tax on· em that this friendship witll the Roosevelt ments are active participants in the na ployers and employees under the Federal family gave her either special privileges tional economy, whether we like the role Insurance Contributions Act until 1959. at or responsibilities to the White House. or not. Military expenditures are a In each instance the bill provides that its After her election she made it clear that large element of the Nation's budget; provisions shall be retroactive to Janu she meant this by taking an active part social-security payments serve as a floor ary 1, 1954, the date the increase went in opposing some of the administration uncier personal planning; farm price sup into effect. programs. She fought for the soldiers' ports assure basic income to a vital ele I shall ask the Ways and Means Com bonus, which Mr. Roosevelt opposed. ment of our population; taxes impinge on mittee to set the bill down for a hearing She opposed the third term for Franklin every business and every family, daily, at the earliest possible date so that action D. Roosevelt, and accepted the chair quarterly, and yearly. may be had upon it. manship of the Democrats for Willkie in To meet these problems, a firm hand Arizona. In April1939, Mrs. Greenway on the tiller is necessary. As the year married Harry 0. King, of New York opens, we can be sure that this strong City. Her first marriage was to Robert hand is there. President Eisenhower is Mrs. Isabella Greenway King, Former Munro Ferguson. Mr. Ferguson passed running the show. In moments when Congresswoman From Arizona away in 1922. In 1923 Mrs. Ferguson indecision is fatal, it is good to know that married Gen. John C. Greenway, a friend he is there. of many years. Shortly after their mar EXTENSION OF REMARKS riage General and Mrs. Greenway moved OF to Ajo, Ariz., where as mining engineer he had been responsible for the develop The Social Security Tax HON. HAROLD A. PATTEN ment of the New Cornelia Copper Co. OF ARIZONA General Greenway passed away in 1926. EXTENSION OF REMARKS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In 1928 when her two elder children were Wednesday, January 6, 1954 of college age, she purchased a working OF cattle ranch and with the children op HON. JAMES C. DAVIS Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, on behalf erated the outfit. Mrs. King owned and of the people of Arizona I wish to ex operated the famous Arizona Inn, at OF GEORGIA press regret and sorrow over the pass IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tucson. ing of Mrs. Isabella Greenway King, for Mrs. King served on the governing Wednesday, January 6, 1954 mer Congresswoman from Arizona. boards of a number of charitable insti Mr. DAVIS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, Isabella Greenway King was born tutions. She was one of the trustees of I have today introduced a bill to continue March 22, 1886, on a farm in Boone Tucson Desert Sanitarium before it be the rate of social-security tax at 3 per County, Ky.· She spent her early years came the Tucson Medical Center; the cent. Under existing law social-security ·between St. Paul and Kentucky shar first chairman of Tucson's emergency tax was fixed at 1% percent to be paid ing her grandfather's home and the Ken unemployment relief committee; and nu each by the employer and the employee tucky farm where she and her mother merous other committees. During World until January 1, 1954. On that date were born. She attended schools in New War II she was national chairman of under the law the amount of tax to be York City. American women's Volunteer Services. paid by the employer and the employee In 1928 Mrs. King became national . Besides her husband she is survived by increased to 2 percent, making a total of committeewoman from Arizona and took her daughter, Mrs. (::harles Breasted, 4 percent. This raises the tax one-third an active part in Al Smith's campaign. two sons, Robert Munro Ferguson and on both the employer and the employee, She took part in local Tucson political John Selmes Greenway. and it is estimated that this increase activities and in 1931 she took the first would bring into the fund an increase of steps toward organizing a preconvention approximately $1% billion per annum. campaign for Gov. Franklin D. Roose In many instances this increase in velt. It w·as largely due to Mrs. King's Topsy-Turvy World Gets Topsier in 1954 social-security tax would more than off efforts and leadership that Arizona sent set the tax reduction resulting from the delegates instructed to vote for the nom EXTENSION OF REMARKS 10 percept cut in individual income taxes ination of Franklin D. Roosevelt. After OF which went into effect January 1. the nomination of Governor Roosevelt, In view of the fact that the whole Mrs. Greenway, as national committee HON. GEORGE H. BENDER matter of soCial-security legislation has woman for her party, applied herself to OF OHIO been under study by the Ways and Means the organization of Arizona for the Dem IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ocratic Party's nominee. Mrs. King was Committee, and in view of the further Wednesday, January 6, 1954 fact that important changes may be well known for her diplomacy, ability, made in the social security laws during and personal charm. Mr. BENDER. Mr. Speaker, some day the present session of Congress, I think During the depression years she es some farsighted genius of world history we could well afford to wait and see tablished an employment agency in will come up with another Arnold Toyn whether any far-reaching changes will Tucson. beeish analysis of what happens as the be made by Congress in social-security Mrs. Greenway became prominent years go by. It will take somebody with laws before we arrive at a figure to which when at the 1932 Democratic conven the sardonic humor of George Bernard the tax will be increased. It is possible tion she seconded the nomination of Shaw or the cynicism of Voltaire to do that no increase at all will be necessary Franklin D. Roosevelt. She never had the job, because no normal gent would at the present time. On the other hand, been a candidate for office, but con be able to decipher the life and times of it is possible that changes might be made sented to do so when Lewis Douglas was the 1950's. · in the laws which would call for a differ appointed Director of the Budget. Mrs. Witness the major trends of our day. ent schedule of payments by the tax Greenway became a candidate for his The western world is vigorously alined payer. unexpired term in Congress and won the with West Germany and Japan on the - -Certainly; while the entire subject. is nomination at a special primary elec one hand, and with Italy on the other, in under consideration, the matter of tax tion. She polled 30,277 votes more than the struggle for world leadership against increases should be held in abeyance her two opponents combined. At the the eastern Communists. In World War until it is determined whether the pres general election in October she again II, these countries were our primary ent provisions of the law will be con won with a total of 24,163 votes; re- targets. Today, we are wooing them with tinued in force or whether they should . elected to the 74th Congress and served all the ardor money can buy. be changed. from October 3, 19·33, to January 3, 1937; Consider, too, the other side of the In order to allow ample time for a was not a candidate for nomination in picture. Our allies during the same war thorough and complete study of the en 1936. were France, Great Britain, and the tire question, my bill continues the pres Because of her close personal friend Soviet Union. We are worried to death ent rate of tax in effect on self-employ ship with Franklin and Eleanor Roose about France's apparent inability to ment income until January 1, 1960, and velt Mrs. Greenway combated the idea stabilize her political organization. We 38 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 6 have been scared stiff on numerous occa mous economic losses suffered both by Are "New Look" Defense Policy Man sions by the British determination to the Nation as a whole and by individuals power Reductions Threatening Our trade with anybody, any time, for any and family units, raises two important thing, even if it hurts us. As for the questions for which the committee Security? Soviet Union, the exchanges of verbal sought answers: brick-bats between Moscow and Wash First. How can some of the suffering EXTENSION OF REMARKS ington sometimes become so vigorous and some of the economic losses be pre OF that we can feel them. Off in China, our vented or mitigated; and friends of World War II a1·e vil·tually Second. How can groups, individuals, HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE exiles on Formosa, and it is often difficult and family units project themselves OF TEXAS for us to determine whether they are against the unavoidable economic losses IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES friends or enemies, and, in all honesty, :flowing from these diseases? Wednesday, January 6, 1954 they feel the same way about us. If you The first aspect of our inquiry was, like your generation confused, this is the therefore, directed primarily toward the Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, as my right time to be alive. If you have a public and private efforts that are being colleagues here on the :floor of the House kind of nostalgic hankering for orderli made into the causes, treatment, and and my constituents back home know ness, brother, did you pick the wrong control of some of these major diseases. I have always supported wholehearted!; time. During the second series of our hear a strong defense establishment for our ings which began October 13, we are country. This support is the outgrowth seeking from insurance companies, Blue of my experience in the military service Opening Statement Made by Chairman Cross, Blue Shield, cooperatives, employ as a combat ofiil'!er during World War II. ers, and unions, information with regard I was in hopes then, as I am sure we all Wolverton, of Committee on Interstate to some of the plans now in operation were, that never again would our sons, and Foreign Commerce, on Resumption designed to protect individuals and nor the sons of the mothers and fathers all over the country, be called upon to of Committee's Hearing on Providing a members of groups and family units against the economic hazards of ill suffer the anguish and horror of another Health Program health. war, with its inevitable depletion of the During the recess, the chairman of the Nation's irreplaceable young manhood Committee on Interstate and Foreign and our diminishing national resources. EXTENSION OF REMARKS During World War I, this Nation suf OF Commerce and two members of the committee, Representatives HoFFM.I\N f~r~d 364,800 casualties and spent $33 HON. CHARLES A. WOLVERTON and SPRINGER, made a trip to Europe and billion. In World War II the casualties rose to 1,066,938 and to the astronomical OF NEW JERSEY other parts of the world for the purpose sum of $330 billion-3 ¥2 times greater in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of getting the benefit of the experience of European and other governments and terms of casualties and 10 times as great Wednesday, January 6, 1954 ~ ri~ate agencies and groups, in ~stab in dollars spent; and then we had Korea hshmg programs for widespread allevia with its 27,711 casualties and untold bil~ Mr. WOLVERTON. Mr. Speaker, lions still to be tabulated. That is why, among the diversified legislative func tion of the costs of both preventive and Mr. Speaker, I voice my own and many tions assigned to the House Committee curative measures. Material and data obtained on this trip will be made a part of my colleagues' deep concern over re on Interstate and Foreign Commerce of cent announcements by the present ad which I am chairman, none appear' to of the record of the committee in the hearings being held. ministration on the reduction and re me more important than the committee's deployment of our Armed Forces, com legislative jurisdiction with regard to President Eisenhower, in his message monly referred to as the "new look." I, health. None of the many other sub on the state of the Union, expressed his for one, do not intend to gamble with our jects with which this committee deals concern for the health of the people of national defense; nor do I believe the affects every family and individual in the United States and stated: people of this country want us to do so. these United States more directly than I am fiatly opposed to the socialization o! Apparently this legislative body has been medicine. The great need for hospital and the subject of health. Apart, however, c~lled upon to support this program from the human factors involved, I have medical services can best be met by the ini tiative of private plans, but it is unfortu Without being informed of the circum become convinced from my study of stances or conditions upon which these health problems that the subject of nately a fact that medical costs are rising and already impose severe hardships on many decisions have been based. health has more important economic im families. The Federal Government can do Are we being led to believe the threat plications for our Nation than are gen many helpful things and still a void the so from Communist Russia has so radical erally recognized. The following figures cialization of medicine. ly diminished that we can afford to are evidence of the economic importance gamble with the security of this Nation of ill health. . The President endorsed the participa tion by the Federal Government in med as well as the free world? Do we have Four major diseases alone-heart a peace treaty with Austria? With Ger cancer, tuberculosis, and rheumatis~ ical research programs into the various diseases, the assistance given to States in many? Or in Korea? Has the Kremlin and arthritis-have resulted in an an agreed to any disarmament proposals or nual loss of 370,000,000 man-days. This their health and rehabilitation programs, and endorsed the hospital survey and to any plan for atomic control, or in fact accounts for over one-third of the total honored any agreement among the com man days lost annually on account of construction program. He specifically endorsed private and nonprofit hospital munity of nations? chronic diseases. If so! Mr. Speaker, I am not aware of Dl;lring the course of our hearings, we and medical insurance plans. He stated that a limited Government reinsurance it, and If there has been a radical change received the startling testimony that the by the Communists, this legislative body annual costs to the Nation from illnesses service would permit the private and nonprofit insurance companies to offer an~ the people of this country should be is roughly equivalent to the total Federal so mformed. Not only have there been income-tax revenues-or $30 billion broader protection to more of the many families which want and should have it. no overt acts by the Communists leading annually. to pe~ce, but Communist Russia and its By contrast, the United States is He stated that on January 18 he would forward to Congress a special message satellites are maintaining and building spending only $181 million annually for a wa:r machine of tanks, planes, and sub public and private research into the presenting this administration's health p:ogram in detail. I, personally, am marmes second to none. To augment dreaded diseases. At the same time this powerful striking force, it has been there is as yet no adequate private pro~ highly pleased that the President in announced that Russia has atomic gram for helping the aged and ill to bear cluded within his program such a broad weapons and, in fact, may be ahead of the expenses of hospital and medical statement of health objectives. the free world in nuclear and thermo bills, particularly those that extend over Today the committee resumed it hear nuclear developments. Those of you long periods of time. ings by continuing the inquiry into what ~ho have witnessed an atomic explo The magnitude of the human suffering protec~ion is available to the people by siOn-and many of you have-do not caused by these diseases and the enor- group msurance plans. have to be reminded what this means. 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 39 In the face of this threat to our way mon knowledge that Russia maintains rounding this decision and I feel it is the of life and to freedom everywhere, we vast numbers of ground troops, great responsibility of Congress to determine have been called upon to support a pro quantities of armor, and a rapidly ex the facts. gram which is based upon the following panding tactical Air Force. In sub In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I, along premises: stance, the administration is asking the with many of _my colleagues; do:not have That a strong retaliatory air and Congress of the United States and the the answers to the questions that have sea power will deter aggression and blast American people to believe that through been raised. I do not pretend to be a the aggressor into submission if war is some mysterious formula recently de military expert nor do I have the infor thrust upon -us; and vised, our Nation, depending primarily mation that is available to the admin (b) That the present combat effec on airpower and atomic and nuclear istration. I do, however, have complete tiveness of. our Armed Forces can be weapons,· can deal successfully with an confidence in our military leaders and maintained by reducing the number of enemy which also possesses atomic and before I can support such a program men in our military establishment nuclear weapons, a numerically superior that has been laid down, there must be through the development of new air force, tremendous numbers of well further assurance that such a program weapons and "slicing away the fat" trained, well-equipped ground troops, is sound and its adoption will not im that is, reducing our support units. and their supporting units. It must be pair the safety of this country. Mr. Speaker, as one who has been emphasized also, that in addition to the privileged to lead soldiers into combat, massive army which the Russians con I view with deep concern the effects of trol directly, that . they have access to such a program based largely upon sup unlimited supplies of manpower in their Question of the Week position rather than fact, which affects satellite countries, and particularly in this Nation's ability to wage war and to Asia. EXTENSION OF REMARKS win if war is thrust upon it. Are -we During the past few years, we have OF · not guilty of subscribing to the easier, been repeatedly warned of the presence more popular way to win a war as advo of a rapidly growing fleet of Russian sub HON. GEORGE H. BENDER cated by wishful thinkers? Are we cast marines. We have been told that ad OF OHIO ing aside what history recorded in all vanced types of Russian submarines exist IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wars down through the centuries that in such quantities that they could suc Wednesday, January 6, 1954 wars, hot a:p.d cold, are waged for the cessfully challenge our control of the purpose of controlling land areas, areas shipping lanes. In the face of a dras Mr. BENDER. ·Mr.· Speaker, how will which are the source of the world's tically reduced naval arm, what solution the Senate Republicans manage respon wealth? While control of the air above is being advanced in the "new look" to sibility with a Democratic majority? and the sealanes are vital, the decisive deal with this growing threat to our naval For answer, see Mr. WAYNE MoRsE. He battle will be determined on the land. superiority? has the code. Nowhere in history has airpower alone Let me make it clear that I support the been able to stop aggression. And Korea maintenance and expansion of a power and Indochina have indicated no ful Air Force. We must continue -re .change in this pattern. The hard cold search and development of atomic arid Retirement of Judge Charles C. Lockwood facts-unsavory as they may be-are nuclear weapons. I raise the question, that the ground forces must dig out the however, as to whether sharp curtail -EXTENSION OF REMARKS aggres~or before victory can be achieved. ment in Army grourid forces and naval OF As part of the new look w.e are called arms will leave us an adequate Defense upon_to support a program which is also Establishment. HON. LOUIS B. HELLER based upon the premise that greater Most of you remember that well worn OF NEW YORK combat effectiveness can be gained by phrase of "slicing off the fat" of only IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES reducipg the number of men in our a few years ago when the then Secretary Armed Forces through the development of Defense started cutting .the Armed Wednesday, January 6, 1954 of new weapons and reductions, pri Forces. As a result of this reduction our Mr. HELLER. Mr. Speaker, as of marily in our support forces. What are Armed Forces, especially ground combat January 1 of this year, my friend,-Judge these new weapons that will make such and support units, when suddenly called Charles C. Lockwood, official referee of ~ reduction possible? Can we reduce upon to resist aggression in Korea, were the Brooklyn supreme court, has retired the Armed Forces and expect the Army, woefully inadequate. Combat divisions from the bench on which he had served Navy, and to a lesser degree the Air Force were at half strength; regiments con for the past 22 years. He was originally to carry out their assigned missions sisted of two battalions instead of three; elected to the supreme court in 1931 and equally effectively? History shows that and our combat support forces were seri was reelected in 1945. When he reached with the development of new weapons, ously lacking. It was only through the the statutory retirement age of 70, 6 each more complex and destructive than heroic efforts and sacrifices of a handful years ago, he was named an official its predecessor, more manpower, not less, of ground forces that gained for us suf referee, and served 3 successive 2-year is required to keep it in action. Is this ficient time to prevent the aggressor terms in the latter capacity. truth no longer valid? Can we now en from engulfing all of Korea. Those of us who know Judge Lockwood gage in wishful thinking of the push As another part of the new look in intimately are not surprised to learn button warfare strategists who would our combat forces, the announcement that he has no intention of retiring com lead us to believe that this day has has been made that two divisions will be pletely from all active work. He will be arrived? I repeat, what are these new withdrawn from Korea. Are we being associated hereafter with the law firm weapons? How many do we have? How asked to support another program of of Guggenheimer & Untermeyer in pri are they ·used, and by whom? I realize bring the boys home in the face of an vate legal practice. Furthermore, I see the security aspects of this revelation, armed truce? Will not this action be where Governor Dewey, of New York, has but certainly Memb~rs of Congress pri viewed by a ruthless aggressor as a sign named Judge Lockwood as a member marily concerned with military matters of weakness? Are we going to break of a special 12-man committee to formu should have this information and I have faith with those who have already made late a code of ethics for public officials no assurance ·from my colleagues that the supreme sacrifice, and to sacrifice and political party functionaries. He is such is the case. needlessly the lives of thousands more unquestionably the perfect man for such I know of no responsible official in the of our youth because we did not have task. administration who discounts the ability the fortitude to stick it out? We made Judge Lockwood is a native of Brook of Russia to produce and use atomic and that mistake in World War I and World lyn, where he was born 76 years ago. He nuclear weapons. In fact, we are War II and it appears to me we are doing was a member of the New York State periodically warned by administration it again and if this is unfortunately true, assembly in 1914, and served in the State spokesmen that Russia is capable of de what will be the reaction of our allies senate from 1915 to 1922. Although a livering atomic and nuclear explosives to as well as the Communists. Are we in lifelong Republican, Lockwood was ap our continent. In addition to its arsenal viting -further aggression? I should like pointed by the late Governor Alfred E. of atomic and nuclear weapons, it is com- to know the set of circumstances _sur- Smith as a member of the State transit 40 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 6 commission and was subsequently reap household utility services-water, gas, the t axes do you personally dislike the pointed to that post by another Demo electricity, and telephone-only tele most?" cratic governor, the late Franklin D. ·phone service is subject to any Federal The list, ranked in order of frequency of mention, is given below: Roosevelt. He held this post until 1931, excise tax. Moreover, the tax rates im 1. Telephone cans. when he was elected to the New York posed on telephone services is the next 2. Railroad tickets. supreme court. highest to that on liquor and tobacco. 3. Cosmetics, toilet preparations. Prior to his election to the bench, Judge Manifestly, this inequitable treatment of 4. Telegrams. Lockwood served at various times as the telephone user should not be allowed 5. Movie tickets. chairman of the Kings County Repub to continue. 6. Women's purses, handbags. lican General Committee, and was Re Regulatory authorities are greatly 7. Sports tickets. 8. Jewelry. publican candidate for city controller concerned over excise taxes on commu 9. Men's wallets. and for Lieutenant Governor of New nication and transportation services. 10. Luggage. York. During his 22-year tenure on the The National Association of Railroad 11. Nightclub tickets. supreme court he specialized in transit and Utilities Commissioners, by resolu 12. Furs. matters, condemnation proceedings, and tion adopted at its November 1952 con Women questioned in the survey gave pretrial settlement of cases. He is pres vention, stated: somewhat different answers from men. ident of the board of trustees of Brook As might be expected, more women than The present excise taxes on transporta men expressed dislike for the tax on cos lyn Law School, a trustee of Brooklyn tion and communication services are inimi metics and toilet preparations and women's Hospital, Brooklyn Law Library, and of cal to the maintenance of reasonably priced purses and handbags. and nondiscriminatory public transporta many charitable institutions in our bor Following is the way the women ranked ough. tion and communication services, and that, the list: accordingly, the excise taxes on transporta WOMEN On the occasion of his retirement from tion and communication services should be the bench, I extend to Judge Lockwood repealed or greatly reduced. 1. Telephone calls. my sincerest wishes for a long and active 2. Cosmetics, toilet preparations. life and for many fruitful years of con This position was reaffirmed by the 3. Women's purses, handbags. structive service to our community and National Association of Railroad and 4. Railroad tickets. to the people of New York. Men of his Utilities Commissioners at its September 5. Telegrams. 1953 convention. 6. Movie tickets. caliber and reputation are a source of 7. Jewelry. great inspiration to all of us. The excise taxes on communications 8. Men's wallets. and transportation are disliked by the 9 . Furs. general public more than the excise taxes 10. Luggage. on all other items. The American In 11. Sports tickets. Excise Taxes on Communication and stitute of Public Opinion-Gallup Poll 12. Nightclub tickets. Transportation Services Should Be on September 25, 1953, released the re And here is the men's list: sults of a nationwide poll which showed MEN Modified that of the excise taxes most disliked 1. Telephone calls. the tax on telephone calls was first and 2. Railroad tickets. EXTENSION OF REMARKS the tax on railroad tickets second. A 3. Telegrams. OF copy of the results of this poll, as re 4. Movie tickets. ·ported in the Washington Post of Sep 5. Cosmetics, toilet preparations. HON. GEORGE H. BENDER 6. Sports tickets. tember 26, 1953, follows: 7. Women's purses, handbags. OF OHIO PUBLIC MOST IRRITATED BY TAX ON PHONE 8. Jewelry. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CALLS, RAIL TICKETS 9. Men's wallets. Wednesday, January 6, 1954 PRINCETON, N.J., September 25.-The spe 10. Nightclub tickets. cial excise taxes on telephone calls and on 11. Luggage. Mr. BENDER. Mr. Speaker, the ex railroad tickets are the two types of excise 12. Furs. isting Federal excise-tax rates on com ta:: which the general public dislikes the An institute, survey in March 1950, found munication services and the transporta most, judging by results of a nationwide that the excise tax then being levied on baby tion of persons are unreasonably high, survey by the American Institute of Public oil and baby powder was the one disliked the Opinion. most. are unfair to the users of these services, Congress later repealed the excise tax on and should be modified immediately. The levy on cosmetics and toilet prepara tions ranks next in order of dislike, fol the baby products. The bill, H. R. 7618, would reduce these lowed by the tax on telegrams, movie tickets, excessive taxes generally to a level of 10 and women's purses and handbags. percent. Approximately 4 out of every 10 adults (39 Even a tax rate of 10 percent on serv percent) named the telephone tax as the Political Patronage and Veteran~' ices which are essential to the day-to most irritating one, which was more than day life of the general public is too high. twice the 17 percent naming the railroad Preference Telephone and telegraph services and ticket tax. Utility companies and other industries, travel by air, rail, and bus are not items particularly the movie industry, whose serv EXTENSION OF REMARKS the public can do without but, on the ices or products carry an excise tax have OF contrary, are necessary to the general pressed for tax relief. welfare of the Nation, to commerce, and The 25 percent tax on long-distance tele HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE to the national defense. These taxes phone calls and 15 percent surcharge on OF TEXAS must be further reduced as soon as pos- local service, as well as the 15 percent trans IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES . sible, and, when the revenue require portation tax,' are levies that were imposed ments of the Government will permit, during World War II to discourage use of Wednesday, January 6, 1954 should be completely eliminated. these faci11ties. Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, since In his pocket veto of the bill to exempt The present excise-tax rates were en motion pictures from the 20-percent Federal taking office, the administration, and acted and increased during time of war admissions tax, President Eisenhower noted particularly the Justice Department, primarily to discourage civilian usage of that it would have been unfair to single out has made a continuous assault on the utility services whose capacities wer·e one industry for relief. Veterans' Preference Act. During the strained by defense requirements. The To determine which excise taxes paid di 1st session of the 83d Congress, the De rates then imposed were generally rectly by the consumer are the most irritat partment of State, the Commerce De higher than excise-tax rates imposed ing or annoying, the institute prepared a list partment, and the Justice Department on most other articles, including luxu of certain items carrying these levies and attempted to place a rider on the de sounded national opinion among adults on ries. The continuation of these high the following ques-tion: partment appropriation bills which rates has resulted in gross discrimina "During World War II the Government put would give the Secretaries and the At tion against the users of communication a special tax ranging from 15 percent to 25 torney General absolute discretion and and transportation services. It should percent on_such things~ jewelry, furs, movie authority to "terminate the employ be mentioned that of the four essential tickets, railroad tickets, etc. Which one of ment of any officer or employee when it 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -. HOUSE 41 is determined that such termination is Despite the fact that the Veterans' warfare. All the better, of course, but necessary or advisable in the interests Preference Act clearly gives the Civil there must always be awareness of the of the United States." Proponents of Service Commission authority to make past when one looks hopefully toward the proposal argued that this sweeping the final administrative determination the future. authority was necessary to get rid of in such a case and further provides that We are eager to end the tensions of security risks. This argument was ad· it shall be mandatory for the adminis current world history. We must not be vanced despite the fact that the admin· trative officer to take such corrective willing to end them at the expense of istration had just published its new se action as the Commission finally recom America's position. That position is one curity program, which gave an agency mends, the Attorney General refused to of moral leadership, no less than of eco head authority to remove persons who comply with his statutory duty and re nomic, military, or political strength. were considered to be unsatisfactory turn the veteran to his former position, _ America's desire for peace has led us fre security risks. The obvious effect of the as recommended by the Civil Service quently to the scrapping of our ships, to provision, had it been included in the Commission. the reduction of our standing military appropriation bill, would have been the As a result, Witsil filed a complaint for forces, to the elimination of planes, and creation of a political patronage device relief, in the nature of a mandamus, in the general weakening of our strength, for the heads of these three depart the United States District Court for the long before anybody else was ready to ments. The proposal was rejected in District of Columbia, in an effort to com follow suit. the House; however, its proponents were pel the Attorney General to comply with It may be good and noble to set a not content with their defeat in the the law. The Attorney General appar wholesome example, but in matters of House and attempted to secure its inclu ently was reluctant to allow his actions to such great moment, only the foolish are sion in the Senate, where it was again stand the test of a court action, and rein ready to strip themselves bare while defeated. stated Witsil. Shortly thereafter, the others remain mightily armed. Moscow At the time the proposal was Attorney General, acting under section will be glad to see Uncle Sam take the under discussion in the House and Sen 14 of the Veterans' Preference Act, which initiative in this regard. Let us be sure ate, warnings were issued that favorable he had previously denied was applicable of simultaneous action before we pre action on the proposal would, in fact, in Witsil's case, preferred charges of in pare to turn in our equipment. eliminate protection for veteran em· competency against Witsil, as follows: ployees of those departments under vet· First. He used Government telephones erans' preference laws. The true mo· for personal business. tives of the Department heads, and par· Second. He talked to Federal employ Military Utilization of Land Needs Study ees about non-Government business dur ticularly the Attorney General, are now ing office hours. clear. Not content with his failure to Third. He had an inability to organize EXTENSION OF REMARKS obtain blanket authority from the Con data. OF gress to fire veterans without regard to To date the Civil Service Commission the Veterans' Preference Act, the Attor· has not held a hearing on Witsil's case HON. SAMUEL W. YORTY ney General summarily fired a young to determine the validity of the Attorney OF CALIFORNIA lawyer by the name of John P. Witsil General's charges. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES without regard to his veteran status and The Veterans' Preference Act of 1944 his rights under the Veterans' Preference gives the veteran no special privilege Wednesday, January 6, 1954 Act of 1944. Witsil was a GS-9 attorney other than protection from being fired Mr. YORTY. Mr. Speaker, the Hon in the Department of Justice, receiving without cause. Specifically, it protects orable Franklin G. Floete, Assistant Sec an annual salary of about $5,060 per the veteran from just such an attempt retary of Defense, Properties and In year. It is apparent, therefore, that as is being made by the Attorney Gen stallations, has asked our military com Witsil did not occupy a policymaking eral to turn the Justice Department and mands to report on their utilization of job in the Department. the Federal service into a political real estate now held by them. This is Witsil filed an appeal with the Civil patronage device. Mr. Speaker, we have certainly a timely undertaking. The Service Commission under the provisions here the sad spectacle of the Attorney Secretary's commendabe foresight and of section 14 of the Veterans' Preference General of the United States, the officer initiative will result not only in worth Act. After investigation and considera· who is charged with upholding and de while savings but also in better coordin tion of the evidence, the chief law officer fending the laws of the United States, ation between civilian and military re of the Civil Service Commission recom willfully ignoring existing law and legally quirements. mended that Witsil be retroactively re· constituted authority for the express The United States Military Establish stored to active duty in his position and purpose to turning his Department into ment now has gigantic real estate hold grade in the Justice Department. The a political-patronage haven. ings. It is, nevertheless, constantly Attorney General declined to accept the reaching out for more and more land. recommendation of the chief law officer Furthermore, each service seems to feel and filed an appeal from the finding and it must have exclusive holdings for its recommendation of the chief law officer Beware of Muscovites Accepting Gifts limited purposes although proper imple with the Civil Service Commission. mentation of our policy of unification The Civil Service Commission consid EXTENSION OF REMARKS should create a trend toward joint use ered the case and advised the Attorney OF of real property and a consequent fuller General that his· action in discharg and more efficient utilization of it. ing Witsil was illegal and invalid and HON. GEORGE H. BENDER Many military properties were ac directed that Witsil be restored to his OF OHIO quired long ago and are now in the heart position and grade. The Civil Service IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of congested cities whereas when ac Commission was acting under the pro quired they . were well outside crowded visions of the Veterans' Preference Act Wednesday, January 6, 1954 centers. In· such cases an up-to-date of 1944, as amended, the pertinent part Mr. BENDER. Mr. Speaker, Mr. survey might well indicate that both of which is as follows: Malenkov's acceptance of President civilian and military purposes would best After investigation and consideration of Eisenhower's invitation to talk through be served by moving all or part of such the evidence submitted, the Civil Service the proposal for an international pool of installations to less crowded areas. For Commission shall submit its findings and atomic materials is by all odds one of the example, in my own State of California, recommendations to the proper administra most constructive steps which have been the Army is hoarding hundreds of idle tive oftlcer and shall send copies of same to the appellant or to his designated representa taken since the end of World Warn in acres in the great city of San Francisco. tive, and lt shall be mandatory for such ad the whole field of diplomacy. Beyond This city is literally bursting at the ministrative officer to take such corrective this, there is apparently some inclina seams for lack of room to grow. Mean action as the Commission finally recom tion to broaden the talks to include the while, Camp Roberts is put in mothballs. mends. possibility of ending any threat of atomic An impartial survey would determine 42 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE January 7 how many of these hoarded idle acres that many acres are being.held in exc~ss Government against thousands of are really still needed by the Army. of need both from the standpoint of civilians. My colleagues from other parts of the quantity and time. The military is a large landholder on Nation will, I am sure, instantly think of Acquisition by the Military Establish Chesapeake Bay. It owns Governor's other examples of questionable retention ment has not always been circumspect. Island in New York. It is ever acquir of real estate by the Military Establish Camp Pendleton was acquired without ing more and more land while seeming ment. Of course, ·none of us would rec ommend any curtailment or removal of adequate determination of water sup reticent to let go of any. Assistant Sec installations where this would weaken plies. This has resulted in the bringing retary Floete deserves commendation for our military forces, but I am convinced of a costly and irritating lawsuit by the tackling this important problem.
The message also informed the Senate The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there ob SENATE that a committee of three Members had jection? The Chair hears none and it been appointed by the Speaker on the is so ordered. ' THURSDAY, JANUARY 7, 1954 part of the House of Representatives to join with a committee on the part of the The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown Senate to notify the President of the JOINT SESSION. OF THE TWO Harris, D. D., offered the following United States that a quorum of each HOUSES prayer: House had assembled and Congress was Mr. KNOWLAND. Mr. President, I 0 God, our Father, who art love and ready to receive any communication that light and truth, we turn unfilled to Thee. he may be pleased to make. ask that the Chair lay before the Sen In a world where the very foundations The message announced that the ate House Concurrent Resolution 184. seem to be shaken we cherish this hushed House had agreed to a concurrent reso The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the and hallowed moment which so long lution