Earth Resources NASA SP-7041(51) .' .' A Continuing e October 1986 Bibliography NASA * with Indexes

National Aeronautics and Space Ad ministration

[NASA-SP-7041 (51)) EAPTH RESCUKES: A N8 7- 138 32 CCITANUING BIBLICGRAPBY WITH INLEXES [ISSUE I 51) (National Bercnaotics and SFace Adaiaistratioc) 119 F CSCL 05B Unclas 00/43 43926 Earth Resourn i Earth Resourn 3rth Resources th Resources Ear I Re~~umsEarth ksoumEarth F sources Earth Re ACCESSION NUMBER RANGES

Acccssizn numbers cited in this Supplement fall within the following ranges.

STAR (N-10000 Series) N86-22537 - N86-28047

IAA (A-10000 Series) A86-29843 - A86-40002

This supplement is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, Virginia 22161, price code A06.

~ ~- NASA SP-7041(51)

EARTH RESOURCES

A CONTINUING BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH INDEXES

Issue 51

A selection of annotated references to unclassified reports and journal articles that were introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system and announced between July 1 and September 30,1986 in

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA).

Scientific and Technical Information Branch 1986 NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, DC This bibliography was prepared by the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Facility operated for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration by RMS Associates. INTRODUCTION

The technical literature described in this continuing bibliography may be helpful to researchers in numerous disciplines such as agriculture and forestry, geography and cartography, geology and mining, oceanography and fishing, environmental control, and many others. Until recently it was impossible for anyone to examine more than a minute fraction of the Earth’s surface continuously. Now vast areas can be observed synoptically, and changes noted in both the Earth’s lands and waters, by sensing instrumentation on orbiting spacecraft or on aircraft. This literature survey lists 382 reports, articles, and other documents announced between July 1 and September 30, 1986 in Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR), and International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA). The coverage includes documents related to the identification and evaluation by means of sensors in spacecraft and aircraft of vegetation, minerals, and other natural resources, and the techniques and potentialities of surveying and keeping up-to-date inventories of such riches. It encompasses studies of such natural phenomena as earthquakes, volcanoes, ocean currents, and magnetic fields; and such cultural phenomena as cities, transportation networks, and irrigation systems. Descriptions of the components and use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation, their subsystems, observational procedures, signature and analyses and interpretive techniques for gathering data are also included. All reports generated under NASA’s Earth Resources Survey Program for the time period covered in this bibliography are also included. The bibliography does not contain citations to documents dealing mainly with satellites or satellite equipment used in navigation or communication systems, nor with instrumentation not used aboard aerospace vehicles. The selected items are grouped in nine categories. These are listed in the Table of Contents with notes regarding the scope of each category. These categories were especially chosen for this publication, and differ from those found in STAR and IAA. Each entry consists of a standard bibliographic citation accompanied by an abstract. The citations include the original accession numbers from the respective announcement journals. Under each of the nine categories, the entries are presented in one of two groups that appear in the following order: IAA entries identified by accession number series A86-10,000 in ascending accession number order; S JAR entries identified by accession number series N86-10,000 in ascending accession number order. After the abstract section, there are seven indexes: subject, personal author, corporate source, foreign technology, contract number, reportf accession number, and accession number.

iii TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Category 01 Agriculture and Forestry 1 Includes crop forecasts, crop signature analysis, soil identification, disease detection, harvest estimates, range resources, timber inventory, forest fire detection, and wildlife migration patterns.

Category 02 Environmental Changes and Cultural Resources 15 Includes land use analysis, urban and metropolitan studies, environmental impact, air and water pollution, geographic information systems, and geographic analysis.

Category 03 Geodesy and Cartography 18 Includes mapping and topography.

Category 04 Geology and Mineral Resources 19 Includes mineral deposits, petroleum deposits, spectral properties of rocks, geological exploration, and lithology.

Category 05 Oceanography and Marine Resources 24 Includes sea-surface temperature, ocean bottom surveying imagery, drift rates, sea ice and icebergs, sea state, fish location

Category 06 Hydrology and Water Management 42 Includes snow cover and water runoff in rivers and glaciers, saline intrusion, drainage analysis, geomorphology of river basins, land uses, and estuarine studies.

Category 07 Data Processing and Distribution Systems 44 Includes film processing, computer technology, satellite and aircraft hardware, and imagery.

Category 08 Instrumentation and Sensors 52 Includes data acquisition and camera systems and remote sensors.

Category 09 General 58 Includes economic analysis.

Subject Index ...... A-1 Personal Author Index ...... 9-1 Corporate Source Index ...... C-1 Foreign Technology Index ...... D-1 Contract Number Index ...... E-1 ReportlAccession Number Index ...... F-1 Accession Number Index ...... G-1

V TYPICAL REPORT CITATION AND ABSTRACT

NASA SPONSORED 1 MICROFICHE ACCESSON NUMBER-N8&12740'# Kansas Univ. Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence. +-CORPORATE SOURCI Remote Sensing Lab. ~LE-EVALUATION OF SPACE SAR AS A LANDGOVER CLASSIFICATION Final Report AMS-B. BRISCO, F. T. ULABY. and T. H. L. WILLIAMS 1985 3 p refs Original contains imagery. Original photography PUBLICATION DATE purchased from the EROS Data Center, Sioux Falls, S.D. 57198 ERTS CONTRACT NUMBER- (Contract NCC9-7) (E86-10004; NASA-CR-176267; NAS 1.26:176267; RSL-TR-605-1)t---REPORT NUMBERS AVAILABILITY SOURCE-Avail: NTlS HC AO6/MF A01 CSCL 028- The multidimensional approach to the mapping of land cover, COSATI CODE crops, and forests is reported. Dimensionality is achieved by using data from sensors such as LANDSAT to augment Seasat and Shuttle Image Radar (SIR) data, using different image features such as tone and texture, and acquiring multidate data. Seasat, Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR-A), and LANDSAT data are used both individually and in combination to map land cover in Oklahoma. The results indicates that radar is the best single sensor (72% accuracy) and produces the best sensor combination (97.5% accuracy) for discriminating among five land cover categories. Multidate Seasat data and a single data of LANDSAT coverage are then used in a crop classification study of western Kansas. The highest accuracy for a single channel is achieved using a Seasat scene, which produces a classification accuracy of 67%. Classificationaccuracy increases to approximately 75% when either a multidate Seasat combination or LANDSAT data in a multisensor combination is used. The tonal and textural elements of SIR-A data are then used both alone and in combination to classify forests into five categories. Author

TYPICAL JOURNAL ARTICLE CITATION AND ABSTRACT

NASA SPONSORED 1 MICROFICHE AMACCESSION NUMBER- A86-15608'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. TITLE- BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLING IN TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS - MODELING, MEASUREMENT, AND REMOTE SENSING ~w~s-0. L. PETERSON, P. A. MATSON, J. G. LAWLESS (NASA, Ames -AUTHOR'S AFFlLlATlOl Research Center, Moffett Field, CA), J. D. ABER (Wisconsin, University, Madison), P. M. VITOUSEK (Stanford University, CA) et al. IAF, International Astronautical Congress, 36th. Stockholm, -EETING Sweden, Oct. 7-12, 1985. 13 p. refs REPORT NWBER-(IAF PAPER 85-14)- MEETING DATE The use of modeling, remote sensing, and measurements to characterize the pathways and to measure the rate of biogeochemical cycling in forest ecosystems is described. The application of the process-level model to predict processes in intact forests and ecosystems response to disturbance is examined. The selection of research areas from contrasting climate regimes and sites having a fertility gradient in that regime is discussed, and the sites studied are listed. The use of remote sensing in determining leaf area index and canopy biochemistry is analyzed. Nhusoxide emission is investigated by using a gas measurement instrument. Future research projects, which include studying the influence of changes on nutrient cycling in ecosystems and the effect of pollutants on the ecosystems, are discussed. I.F.

vi EARTH RESOURCES A Continuing Bibliography (Issue 5 1)

OCTOBER 1986

01 is acquired is of great importance since the emitted thermal response of any natural material is a function not only of the AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY material’s emissivity, but also of its temperature at the time of imaging. The implications of acquiring monotemporal, multitemporal and muttidate thermal infrared data are discussed in relation to Includes crop forecasts, crop signature analysis, soil identification, thermal sensors in past, current and future satellites. Author disease detection, harvest estimates, range resources, timber inventry, forest fire detection, and wildlife migration patterns.

A86-29843 A86-30192 AGRICULTURAL AND SCIENTIFIC SPACE PLATFORMS DIURNAL PAllERNS OF BIDIRECTIONAL VEGETATION [NARODNOKHOZIAISTVENNYE I NAUCHNYE KOSMICHESKIE INDICES FOR WHEAT CANOPIES KOMPLEKSY] M. SHIBAYAMA, C. L. WIEGAND, and A. J. RICHARDSON (USDA, V. S. AVDUEVSKII and G. R. USPENSKll Moscow, Izdatel’stvo Agricultural Research Service, Weslaco, TX) International Journal Mashinostroenie, 1985, 416 p. In Russian. refs of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, Feb. 1986, p. The agricultural and scientific applications of remote sensing 233-246. refs platforms in space are discussed, with emphasis given to Soviet Solar altitude effects on the perpendicular vegetation index Meteor and Salyut programs. The physical principles of a number (PVI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) are of remote sensing instruments are briefly described, including lidar, examined. Spectral data of two canopies of hard, red spring wheat SAR, microwave radiometry, and infrared photography. Numerical was collected at A.R.S. South Research Farm in Weslaco, Texas techniques for classifying remote sensing data according to the in 1984. Leaf area index (LEA) was measured over plant physical characteristics of the object (water, forest land, agricultural development and ranged from 4.0-2.5. PVI and NDVl were areas) are also described. Organizational diagrams describing a calculated from radiometer RED (0.63-0.69 microns) and NIR typical remote sensing system for agricultural applications are (0.76-0.90 microns) bidirectional radiance observations of wheat provided. I.H. canopies; the equation for calculating common solar irradiance (PVIC) from PVI is given. It is observed that PVlC at nadir view A86-30190 increases as the solar zenith angle increases; however, the NDVl MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS remains unchanged. The off-nadir to nadir PVlC ratio increases IN CANADA as the view zenith and solar zenith angles increase and the NDVl J. CIHLAR, R. J. BROWN, and B. GUINDON (Canada Centre for is unaffected. It is concluded that PVI, though subjected to Remote Sensing, Ottawa) InternationalJournal of Remote Sensing bidirectional effects, provides more useful data about wheat (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, Feb. 1986, p. 195-212. refs canopies at LA1 greater than two than does NDVI. I.F. The objective of this paper is to review current knowledge concerning synthetic aperture radar applications to crops in Canada. Following a brief overview of studies during SURSAT (1978-1 980) and RADARSAT (1981 and later) projects, several A86-30193’ National Aeronautics and Space Administration. issues are considered. These include crop-classificationaccuracies Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. achieved with SAR or SAR and VIR data at various sites, the ASSESSING IMPACTS OF OFF-NADIR OBSERVATION ON importance of crop and soil parameters affecting SAR images, REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION - USE OF THE SUITS the procedures for digital SAR image analysis and the relationship MODEL between airborne SAR data and future satellite SAR data. Finally, D. S. BARTLElT, R. W. JOHNSON (NASA, Langley Research recent developments of new ground and airborne microwave Center, Hampton, VA), M. A. HARDISKY, and V. KLEMAS instruments to be used in agricultural studies are described. (Delaware, University, Newark) International Journal of Remote Author Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, Feb. 1986, p. 247-264. NASA-supported research. refs ~a6-30191 The use of Suits’ (1972a, b) digital radiative transfer model to MONOTEMPORAL, MULTITEMPORAL, AND MULTIDATE simulate the effect of nonlambertian canopy reflectance on THERMAL INFRARED DATA ACQUISITION FROM SATELLITES off-nadir observations of vegetation is discussed. Canopy FOR SOIL AND SURFACE-MATERIAL SURVEY reflectances of cord grass are calculated using the radiative transfer D. W. LYNN (Reading, University, England) International Journal model, field radiometric measurements, and airborne multispectral of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, Feb. 1986, p. scanner data. The effects of varying view angles on canopy 21 3-231. refs reflectance are analyzed and compared. The comparison reveals With the improvement in spatial resolution of thermal sensors that the model is effective in simulating the sense and magnitude over the past decade the employment of thermal infrared satellite of reflectance change due to variable angles of observations; data for soil and surface-material survey has become increasingly however, the model does not reproduce the observed dependence attractive. The individual orbital characteristics of each satellite of nadir canopy reflectance on solar zenith angle. It is concluded provide the opportunity of acquiring monotemporal (same day, one that the radiative transfer model is applicable for predicting the time), multitemporal (same day, different times) and multidate variation in canopy reflectance due to changing view zenith (different days, same time) imagery. The time at which such imagery angles. I.F.

1 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-30194" National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A86-32684 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. DETERMINATION OF THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF SATELLITE-DERIVED LEAF-AREA-INDEX AND VEGETATION NONUNIFORMLY MOISTENED SOILS WITH A SURFACE MAPS AS INPUT TO GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE MODELS - A TRANSITION LAYER ON THE BASIS OF MICROWAVE HIERARCHICAL APPROACH SPECTRORADIOMETRY [OPREDELENIE VLAZHNOSTI G. D. BADHWAR, R. B. MACDONALD (NASA, Johnson Space NEODNORODNO UVLAZHNENNYKH POCHVOGRUNTOV S Center, Houston, TX). and N. C. MEHTA (MIT, Lexington, MA) POVERKHNOSTNYM PEREKHODNYM SLOEM PO DANNYM International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1 161). vol. SPEKTRAL'NYKH SVCH-RADIOMETRICHESKIKH IZMERENII] 7, Feb. 1986, p. 265-281. refs E. A. REUTOV and A. M. SHUTKO (AN SSSR, lnstitut Radiotekhniki A hierarchical procedure for developing a leaf area index (LAI) i Elektroniki, Moscow, USSR) lssledovanie Zemli iz Kosmosa map of deciduous boreal forests is studied. The collection of (ISSN 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 71-78. In Russian. refs spectral reflectance data from the Boundary Waters Canoe area in Minnesota using helicopter-, high-altitude aircraft-, and Landsat-mounted spectral sensors is described. The relationship A86-32689 between LA1 and biomass and the reflectance ratio is analyzed. FORMATION OF A DIGITAL DATA BASE FOR AUTOMATED The sensitivity of canopy reflectance in the visible and infrared to FOREST MAPPING [FORMIROVANIE TSlFROVOl BAZY the LA1 of the canopy for various boreal forest species is evaluated. DANNYKH PRI AVTOMATIZIROVANNOM KARTOGRAFIRO- The data reveal that Landsat data are useful for producing LA1 VANll LESOV] maps of deciduous forest areas and the maps provide data which E. D. BODANSKII, D. A. STAROSTENKO, and R. I. ELMAN clarifies the function of vegetation in the global carbon cycle (Vsesoiuznoe Aerofotolesoustroitel'noe Ob'edinenie Lesproekt, models. I.F. Moscow, USSR) lssledovanie Zemli iz Kosmosa (ISSN 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 104-110. In Russian. A86-30196 The paper examines the content and structure of a digital THE INFLUENCE OF OBSERVATIONAL INTERDEPENDENCE forest-mapping database, consistent with the content and structure ON SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE RELATIONSHIPS WITH PLANT of maps automatically compiled from space remote-sensing images. AND SOIL VARIABLES It is shown how graphic data, in raster and vector formats, can W. J. RIPPLE, B. J. SCHRUMPF, and D. L. ISAACSON (Oregon be represented in digital form. The concepts of an elementary State University, Corvallis) International Journal of Remote graphic feature, a graphic fragment, and a mapping generator are Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, Feb. 1986, p. 291-294. refs described. B.J. The relationships between spectral reflectance and plot variables in a desert shrub community were studied by repeated observation as biomass was removed from 2.93 sq m plots. As a A86-33503' Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. result of these repeated observations, interdependence effects OVERVIEW OF THE AGRISTARS RESEARCH PROGRAM. I were present in the data sets. The spectraVplot relationships were C. E. CAUDILL (USDA, Statistical Reporting Service, Washington, discovered to be weaker with the removal of this observational DC) and R. E. HATCH (NASA, Washington, DC) IN: 1985 interdependence. Middle infrared reflectance (2.08-2.35 microns) International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium was found to account for more of the variation in the group of (IGARSS '85),Amherst. MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 plot variables than did reflectance in the other spectral regions . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., tested, and the variable of total moisture was best for explaining 1985, p. 9-16. the variability of the spectral data. Author An account is given of the activities and accomplishments to date of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agriculture and A86-30197 Resources Inventory Surveys Through Aerospace Remote Sensing VEGETATION INDEX AND POSSIBILITY OF COMPLEMENTARY (AgRISTARS) program, which is a cooperative venture with NASA PARAMETERS FROM AVHRR/2 and the Departments of the Interior and of Commerce. AgRlSTARS S. M. SINGH (Reading, University, England) International Journal research activities encompass early warning and crop condition of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, Feb. 1986, p. assessment, inventory technology development for production 295-300. forecasting, crop yield model development, soil moisture monitoring, The data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer domestic crops and land cover sensing, renewable resources are used for calculating atmospherically corrected temperature inventory, and conservation and pollution assessment. O.C. difference in the split-window channels, the normalized difference vegetation index and the spectral reflectance at channel-1 wavelength. An illustration is presented which shows that when A86-33504' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. there is significant change (larger than the inherent accuracy) in Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. any one of these three quantities, the other two quantities also PASSIVE MICROWAVE SOIL MOISTURE RESEARCH change. This qualitative inference indicates the possibility that these T. J. SCHMUGGE, P. E. ONEILL, and J. R. WANG (NASA, Goddard three parameters may complement each other. Author Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), A86-30198 Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, A TEXTURE-ENHANCEMENT PROCEDURE FOR SEPARATING Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. ORCHARD FROM FOREST IN THEMATIC MAPPER DATA 20-25. refs D. K. GORDON and W. R. PHILIPSON (Cornell University, Ithaca, The AgRlSTARS Soil Moisture Project has made significant NY) International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1 161), progress in the quantification of microwave sensor capabilities for vol. 7, Feb. 1986, p. 301-304. soil moisture remote sensing. The 21-cm wavelength has been (Contract USDA-58-319T-3-0208X) verified to be the best single channel for radiometric observations A procedure is described for automatically separating temperate of soil moisture. It has also been found that other remote sensing fruit tree orchards from mixed deciduous forest in Landsat Thematic approaches used in conjunction with L-band passive data are more Mapper data. A filter is applied to enhance the texture of bands 4 successful than multiple wavelength microwave radiometry in this and 3 prior to ratioing, smoothing, and level-slicing to a binary application. AgRlSTARS studies have also improved current image on the basis of supervised training. Including the binary understanding of noise factors affecting the interpretability of image in supervised classification of single data imagery has microwave emission data. The absorption of soil emission by reduced misclassification of forest as orchard from 75 percent of vegetation has been quantified, although this effect is less important the forest pixels to fewer than 7 percent. Author than absorption effects for microwave radiometry. O.C.

2 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-33506' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. of coniferous forests such as slash pine plantation and natural National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. pine; (2) at a large incidence angle, where polarization effect is REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETECTION OF significant, and by ranging measurement, the W polarization BSC SOIL EROSION AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF SOIL obtain peak value at the first few meters from the canopy top CONSERVATION PRACTICES and decrease rather quickly, while the HH polarization BSC obtain R. E. PELLETIER (NASA, National Space Technology Laboratories, peak value at longer distances from the canopy top and decrease Bay St. Louis, MS) and R. H. GRIFFIN (USDA, Fort Worth, TX) rather slowly through the canopy; and (3) using the active radar IN: 1985 InternationalGeoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium calibrator for tree canopy attenuation measurement of a dense (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 and a sparse live oak, it is found that the tree canopies with . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., higher attenuations have higher BSC for all three polarizations, 1985, p. 40-45. refs with W polarization containing the largest differential (2.2 dB). The following paper is a summary of a number of techniques Author initiated under the AgRlSTARS (Agriculture and Resources Inventory Surveys Through Aerospace Remote Sensing) project for the detection of soil degradation caused by water erosion and the identification of soil conservation practices for resource inventories. Discussed are methods to utilize a geographic information system to determine potential soil erosion through a USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) model; application of the A8643538 Kauth-Thomas Transform to detect present erosional status; and ONE STEP ABOVE GROUND TRUTH - AIRPHOTO KEYS FOR the identification of conservation practices through visual LARGE-SCALE VEGETATION ANALYSIS interpretation and a variety of enhancement procedures applied W. BEFORT (New Hampshire, University, Durham) IN: 1985 to digital remotely sensed data. Author International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 A86-33523' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Pasadena. 1985, p. 278-283. refs RADAR SCATTEROMETER PROBING OF THICK VEGETATION The major requirements for producing an effective pictorial CANOPIES airphoto vegetation key, i.e., a pictorial set of reference material J. F. PARIS (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion for rapid and accurate analysis of aerial photographs, are discussed. Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Consideration is given to the reproduction of color stereogram Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October and to the identification and grouping of species, as well as to 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical the cost, publication form, and durability of the key. A modular and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 161-163. layout is suggested, which would facilitate making additions and improvements incrementally, without revising the entire work. A8643524 Publishing the key as a looseleaf, rather than a bound book would ESTIMATION OF THE WEIGHT OF VEGETATION USING enalbe the user to purchase, in addition to the basic set of pages, MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION MEASUREMENTS only the pages that would suit his specific requirements. Moreover, W. L. STUTZMAN (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State damaged pages could be replaced individually, and the pages University, Blacksburg) and H. S. CRAWFORD (U.S. Forest Service, needed in the field could be laminated. I.S. Orono, ME) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 164-167. refs Fast, accurate estimation of vegetation weight using microwave transmission measurements is reported, with application to the propagation problem arising in communication. Field tests at 12.25 A8643539 GHz in 1976 using a 5-m path two first-Fresnel zones wide (35 A CORRELATION AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF PRECENT cm), and one with a cell width of two second-Fresnel zones (49.5 CANOPY CLOSURE VS. TMS SPECTRAL RESPONSE FOR cm), were performed at a site in Virginia containing mostly Virginia SELECTED FOREST SITES IN THE SAN JUAN NATIONAL pine regrowth. The attenuation least polarized and then FOREST, COLORADO compensated for polarization mismatch was found to correlate M. K. BUTERA (Science Applications International Corp., well with oven-dry weight of vegetation having stems less than Washington, DC) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote 1.25 cm in diameter. Correlation of vegetation to attenuation in Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, controlled field tests from 1977 to 1979 in Maine was significant, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and though not as good as in previous tests. Results from random Electronic Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 287-302. refs sampling testing show similar regeneration coefficients of signal This investigation tested the correlation of canopy closure with loss to vegetation weight to those of the controlled tests. R.R. the signal response of individual Thematic Mapper Simulator (TMS) bands for selected forest sites in the San Juan National Forest, A86-33525' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Colorado. Ground truth consisted of a photointerpreted National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. determination of percent canopy closure of 0 to 100 percent for A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE MEASUREMENTS OF 32 sites. The sites selected were situated on plateaus at an FOREST CANOPIES WITH C-BAND RADAR SCATTEROMETER elevation of approximately 3 km with slope not greater than 10 AT NASAINSTL percent. The predominant tree species were ponderosa pine and S. T. WU (NASA, National Space Technology Laboratories, Bay aspen. The mean TMS response per band site was calculated St. Louis, MS) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote from data acquired by aircraft during mid-September 1981. A Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, correlation analysis of TMS response vs canopy closure resulted 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and in the following correlation coefficients for bands 1 through 7, Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 168-173. respectively: -0.757, -0.663, -0.666, -0.088,-0.797, -0.597, -0.763. This paper presents preliminary results of C-band radar Two model regressions were applied to the TMS data set to create scatterometer measurements of forest canopies of southeastern a map of predicted percent forest canopy closure for the study forests in the vicinity of NASAINSTL. The results are as follows: area. Results indicated percent predictive accuracies of 71, 74, (1) the radar backscattering coefficients (BSC) of deciduous forests and 57 for percent canopy closure classes of 0-25, 25-75, and such as oak, maple, blackgum, and cypress are higher than those 75-100, respectively. Author

3 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-33540' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A86-33555 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. BACKSCATTER MEASUREMENTS FROM SIMULATED ANALYSIS OF FOREST/STRUCTURE USING THEMATIC RESONANTSTRUCTURES MAPPER SIMULATOR DATA DrF.-ZOOK and R. J. BLANCHARD (Texas, University, Arlington) D. L. PETERSON, J. A. BRASS (NASA, Ames Research Center, IN: 1985 InternationalGeoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Moffett Field, CAI, W. E. WESTMAN, V. G. AMBROSIA, M. A. (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985. Digest. Volume 1 SPANNER (NASA, Ames Research Center; Technicolor . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Government Services, Inc., Moffett Field, CA) et al. IN: 1985 1985, p. 399-404. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium A simulation is performed to test the hypothesis that higher (IGARSS '85),Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 nodal dielectric constants in the stalks caused by additional . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., moisture were responsible for increased radar backscatter cross 1985, p. 305-309. sections in standing corn late in the season. Measurements at L-band were made of 2.5 relative permitivity PUC pipe with metal rings to simulate the moisture laden nodes, using a 20-MHz short A86-33541' Hunter Coll., New York. pulse radar polarimeter system. Simulation target data from nodal CALIFORNIA TIMBER VOLUME INVENTORY USING LANDSAT lengths of 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 wavelengths revealed that the nodal A. H. STRAHLER (Hunter College, New York) IN: 1985 spacing backscatter is dependent on the volume density as well International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium as the nodal spacing of stalk structures. The similarity in the number (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 of scatterers between the rings-only experiments and other . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., experiments suggests that an additional phenomenon must be 1985, p. 310-312. Research supported by the US. Forest Service accounting for the increase in backscatter. R.R. and California Institute of Technology. (Contract NAS9-15509; NAS7-100; USDA-53-9158-0-6362)

A86-33542' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A86-33556' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. Pasadena. ESTIMATION OF BIOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FOREST NEAR INFRARED LEAF REFLECTANCE MODELING CANOPIES THROUGH INVERSION OF MICROWAVE J. B. PARRISH (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion SCATTEROMETER DATA D. E. PITTS, G. D. BADHWAR (NASA, Johnson Space Center, Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85),Amherst, MA, October Houston, TX), and E. RAYNA (Lockheed Engineering and 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical Management Services Co., Inc., Houston, TX) IN: 1985 and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 405-409. refs International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Near infrared leaf reflectance modeling using Fresnel's equation (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 (Kumar and Silva, 1973) and Snell's Law successfully approximated . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 313-320. the spectral curve for a 0.25-mm turgid oak leaf lying on a Halon background. Calculations were made for ten interfaces, air-wax, A method for estimating the biophysical properties of a forest wax-cellulose, cellulose-water, cellulose-air, air-water, and their canopy through inversion of microwave scatterometer data is inverses. A water path of 0.5 mm yielded acceptable results, and discussed. A C-band scatterometer flown over an aspen site in it was found that assignment of more weight to those interfaces northern Minnesota during 19 days from May 2 to October 20, involving air versus water or cellulose, and less to those involving 1984, was modified to enable continuous recording of the range of the target. This provided the backscatter cross section as a wax, decreased the standard deviation of the error for all wavelengths. Data suggest that the air-cell interface is not the function of range and was used to study scattering processes within the canopy. The remote estimates of HH, W, and HV only important contributor to the overall reflectance of a leaf. extinction coefficient values agreed well with the estimates obtained Results also argue against the assertion that the near infrared plateau is a function of cell structure within the leaf. R.R. with the use of an active radar calibrator. IS.

A86-33554' California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. MODELLING OF BACKSCATTER FROM VEGETATION LAYERS A86-33557 J. J. VAN ZYL, N. ENGHETA, C. H. PAPAS (California Institute of LIGHT INTERCEPTION AND LEAF AREA ESTIMATES FROM Technology, Pasadena), C. ELACHI, and H. ZEBKER (California MEASUREMENTSOFGRASSCANOPYREFLECTANCE Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: G. ASRAR and E. T. KANEMASU (Kansas State University of 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Agriculture and Applied Science, Manhattan) IN: 1985 International (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA. October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics engineers, Inc., Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, 1985, p. 389-398. refs Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.. 1985, p. A simple way to build up a library of models which may be 41 2-417. refs used to distinguish between the different types of vegetation and A procedure for estimating intercepted photosyntheticallyactive ground surfaces by means of their backscatter properties is radiation (PAR) and the green leaf area index (LAI) from presented. The curve of constant power received by the antenna measurements of grass canopy was developed. Spectral (Gamma sphere) is calculated for the given Stokes Scattering measurements were conducted throughout the entire season on Operator, and model parameters are adopted of the most similar the Konza Prairie Research Natural Area (Kansas), using a library model Gamma sphere. Results calculated for a single truck-mounted assembly equipped with Exotech model 100-A and scattering model resembling coniferous trees are compared with Barnes Modular Multispectral model radiometers. Empirical linear the Gamma spheres of a model resembling tropical region trees. regression equations were derived, based on a simple radiative The polarization which would minimize the effect of either the transfer model and direct field measurements, that can be used ground surface or the vegetation layer can be calculated and to estimate p (the mean daily PAR fraction, corrected for the used to analyze the backscatter from the ground surface/vegetation reflected and transmitted components) from measurements of layer combination, and enhance the power received from the canopy reflectance by the radiometers that mimic the MSS and desired part of the combination. R.R. TM sensor,systems on board Landsat satellites. I.S.

4 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-33558 A86-33576' Agricultural Research Service, Houston, Tex. CLASSIFICATION OF SOUTH TEXAS FARM AND RANGE OVERVIEW AND HIGHLIGHTS OF EARLY WARNING AND RESOURCES USING NOAA7 AVHRR SATELLITE IMAGERY CROP CONDITION ASSESSMENT PROJECT A. J. RICHARDSON and J. H. EVERITT (USDA, Agricultural G. 0. BOATWRIGHT (USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Research Service, Weslaco, TX) IN: 1985 International Houston, TX) and V. S. WHITEHEAD (NASA, Johnson Space Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Center, Houston, TX) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical 418-425. refs and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 537-546. refs Polar orbiting meteorologicalsatellite scenes from October 1981 Work of the Early Warning and Crop Condition Assessment to July 1982 were used to classify south Texas farm and range (EWICCA) project, one of eight projects in the Agriculture and plant communities using the NOAA7 advanced very high resolution Resources Inventory Surveys Through Aerospace Remote Sensing radiometer (AVHRR). Classification results were related to maps (AgRISTARS), is reviewed. Its mission, to develop and test remote of south Texas that contained information about soil, crop, and sensing techniques that enhance operational methodologies for agronomic resources, and to agronomic resource expertise of local crop condition assessment, was in response to initiatives issued scientists. A table look-up procedure, based on reflective bands 1 by the Secretary of Agriculture. Meteorologically driven crop stress and 2, was used to automatically classify AVHRR data into cloud, indicator models have been developed or modified for wheat, maize, water, bare soil, and vegetation vigor levels (low, medium, and grain sorghum, and soybeans. These models provide early warning high). These classified results were found to be related to prominant alerts of potential or actual crop stresses due to water deficits, level I farm and range resources such as oak (Quercus spp) trees, adverse temperatures, and water excess that could delay planting improved grasses, unimproved rangeland, dryland cotton and or harvesting operations. Recommendations are given for future sorghum farming areas, and irrigated cotton and sorghum farming research involving vegetative index numbers and the NOAA and areas. Author Landsat satellites. D.H.

A86-33565' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., A86-33577' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Pasadena. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. FOREST DISCRIMINATION WITH MULTIPOLARIZATION VEGETATION ASSESSMENT USING A COMBINATION OF IMAGING RADAR VISIBLE, NEAR-IR AND THERMAL-IR AVHRR DATA J. P. FORD and D. E. WICKLAND (California Institute of V. S. WHITEHEAD (NASA, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX), Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: 1985 W. JOHNSON, and J. BOATRIGHT (Lockheed Engineering and International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Management Services Co., Inc., Houston, TX) IN: 1985 (IGARSS '85). Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 1985, p. 462-465. NASA-supported research. . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., The use of radar polarization diversity for discriminating forest 1985, p. 548-555. refs canopy variables on airborne synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) images Twelve hour temperature difference (thermal inertia) maps is evaluated. SAR images were acquired at L-Band (24.6 cm) generated by rectifying and registering ascending (day) passes simultaneously in four linear polarization states (HH, HV, VH, and and descending (night) passes of the NOAA-7 Advanced Very w) in South Carolina on March 1, 1984. In order to relate the High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) are compared to vegetation polarization signatures to biophysical properties, false-color index maps generated from the visible and near IR data from the composite images were compared to maps of forest stands in the day pass of that satellite. There appears to be significant and timber compartment. In decreasing order, the most useful unique information concerning surface characteristics in the correlative forest data are stand basal area, forest age, site temperature difference data on the 1 km scale of the AVHRR. A condition index, and forest management type. It is found that scatter diagram is provided which shows the pattern of day-night multipolarization images discriminate variation in tree density and temperature difference compared to vegetation index for irrigated difference in the amount of understory, but do not discriminate agriculture, dry rangeland, lakes, wet areas and burned rangeland. between evergreen and deciduous forest types. R.R. A detailed description of the techniques employed to provide the day-night temperature maps is provided. Author

A86-33566' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. A86-33578 FOREST DISCRIMINATION WITH MULTIPOLARIZATION DETECTION AND EVALUATION OF PLANT STRESSES FOR IMAGING RADAR CROP MANAGEMENT DECISIONS J. P. FORD and D. E. WICKLAND (California Institute of R. D. JACKSON, P. J. PINTER, JR., R. J. REGINATO, and S. B. Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: 1985 IDS0 (USDA, Water Conservation Laboratory, Phoenix, AZ) IN: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 466-469. NASA-supported research. 1985, p. 556-561. refs The relations between polarization signatures and biophysical It is suggested that the ability to quantitatively assess crop characteristics through a range of different forest environments conditions using remotely sensed data would not only improve were investigated using airborne synthetic-aperture (SAR) images yield forecasts but would also provide information that would be acquired at L-band on March 1, 1984 in South Carolina. SAR useful to farm managers in making day-to-day management data acquired in four linear polarization states with 10-m spatial decisions. Experiments were conducted using ground based resolution were encoded as color composite images and compared radiometers to relate spectral response to crop canopy to US Forest Service forest stand data. The most useful correlative characteristics. It was found that radiometrically measured crop forest data were stand basal area, forest age, site condition index, temperature, when compared with a reference temperature, was and forest management type. It is found that the multipolarization related to the degree of plant stress and could indicate the onset images discriminate variation in tree density or difference in the of stress. Timeliness, frequency of coverage, and resolution are amount of understory, but no evidence has been found for three factors that must be considered when satellite based sensors discrimination between evergreen and deciduous forest types. are used to evaluate crop conditions for farm management R.R. applications. D.H.

5 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-33579 A86-33598 DEVELOPMENT OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL CROP MODEL SURFACE MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION BASED ON SPECTRAL INPUTS FROM REMOTELY SENSED INFORMATION SHAPE C. L. WIEGAND, A. J. RICHARDSON (USDA, Agricultural Research M. J. CARLOTTO and V. T. TOM (Analytic Sciences Corp., Reading, Service, Weslaco, TX). R. D. JACKSON, P. J. PINTER. JR. (USDA. MA) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Agricultural Research Service, Phoenix, AZ), J. K. AASE (USDA, Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Agricultural Research Service, Sidney, MT) et al. IN: 1985 Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 703-708. refs (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 A method for classifying surface material classes, based on . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., the shape of the spectral signature, is presented. Spectral shape 1985, p, 564-569. is described in terms of a vector of predicates which specify the Efforts at developing agrometeorological crop model inputs from relative intensities between all pairs of bands. Spectral signatures remotely sensed information (AgRISTARS Early WarningICrop are represented as logical expressions of shape predicates which Condition Assessment Project Subtask 5 within USDA) are define the classification logic. Preliminary results for Landsat TM described. Much effort has gone into developing measurement image classification are discussed. D.H. and interpretation skill, convincing the scientific community of the validity and information content of the spectral measurements, A86-33605 and providing new understanding of the crop scenes viewed as USDA/SRS SOFTWARE FOR LANDSAT MSS-BASED affected by bidirectional, atmospheric, and solid background CROP-ACREAGE ESTIMATION variations. Vegetation indices are an excellent measure of the M. OZGA (USDA, Statistical Reporting Service, Washington, DC) amount of green photosynthetically active tissue present in plant IN: 1985 InternationalGeoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium stands at any time during the season. They can reliably estimate (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 leaf area index and intercepted photosynthetically active radiation. . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Newness of the spectral interpretations, combined with continual 1985, p. 762-772. refs revisions in the agrometeorological models and lack of feedback A description is given of a large software system, known as capability in them, have prevented the benefits of spectral inputs EDITOR, developed by the Statistical Reporting Service of the to agrometeorological models from being fully realized. D.H. USDA to aid in crop acreage estimation. EDITOR is a collection of independent programs operating on data in many different files. Most EDITOR programs are called using relatively simple commands from a main program. Topics covered include: the history and development of EDITOR; the structure and major functions; supercomputer usage; and computer configuration for A8633582 EDITOR processing. PEDITOR (portable EDITOR) has been POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS OF THE MICROWAVES SURFACE developed for use with the smaller machines - including SOIL MOISTURE REMOTE SENSING microcomputers - coming into use. To continue to be useful with R. BERNARD and D. VIDAL-MADJAR (Centre de Recherches en new types of data, such as Thematic Mapper and SPOT, and the Physique de PEnvironnement Terrestre et Planetaire, new computers, EDITOR will have to be adapted. D.H. Issy-les-Moulineaux, France) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, A86-33606' Houston Univ., Clear Lake, Tex. October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of EVALUATION OF CROP ACREAGE ESTIMATION METHODS Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 594-600. USING LANDSAT DATA AS AUXILIARY INPUT CNES-supported research. refs R. S. CHHIKARA (Houston, University, Clear Lake, TX), A. G. With the development of airborne scatterometers and of HOUSTON (NASA, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX), and J. microwaves radiometers, it is now possible to map the soil surface C. LUNDGREN (Lockheed Engineering and Management Services water content and its short or long term time variation. It is shown Co., Houston, TX) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote here that this parameter is meaningful to describe the vertical soil Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, water movement in the unsaturated zone and that it can also be 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and used to estimate the drainage properties of bare soils surface. Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 778-785. USDA-supported Author research. refs (Contract NAS9-15800) The regression and ratio estimators are studied in the context of improving upon the ground survey estimates of crop acreages by utilizing Landsat data. The approach is to formulate analytically the estimation problem that utilizes ground survey data, as collected A86-33583' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Landsat data, which Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. provide a complete coverage for an area of interest, and then to AN AIRBORNE MULTIPLE-BEAM 1.4 GHZ PUSHBROOM conduct simulation studies. It is shown over a wide range of MICROWAVE RADIOMETER conditions that the regression estimator is the most efficient unless R. F. HARRINGTON and R. W. LAWRENCE (NASA, Langley there is a low correlation between the actual and estimated crop Research Center, Hampton, VA) IN: 1985 International acreages in the sampled area segments, in which case a ratio Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), type estimator is superior. Estimation of the variance of the Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 , New York, regression estimator is also investigated. Author Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 601-606. A86-33622 A method is described for providing soil moisture measurements NONPARAMETRIC MODELS AND CROP CLASSIFICATION from satellites by performing simultaneous measurements across M. L. ARMSTRONG and 1. E. ABDOU (Delaware, University, track (the pushbroom approach). The method has the advantage Newark) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing of obtaining the required swath width without sacrificing sensitivity. Symposium (IGARSS '85),Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. A prototype Pushbroom Microwave Radiometer developed at Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics NASA's Langley Research Center is described. It is a multibeam Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 892-897. refs L-Band (141 3 MHz) radiometer system providing simultaneous The performance of a nonparametric classifier is compared cross track measurements. Results of flight tests onboard a P-3 with that of a Gaussian classifier. Two measures of performance aircraft are discussed. D.H. are used: the chi-squared goodness-of-fit test, and the classification

6 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

error. The data set used is a Landsat multispectral scanner image, 4) and the near-infrared Thematic Mapper band (TM 4) were best and the classes of interest are cordsoybean fields. The results in defining metal stress in vegetation, followed closely by the visible show that although the Gaussian model did not satisfy the (TM 1, 2 and 3) and shortwave infrared (TM 5 and 7) Thematic goodness-of-fit measure, the overall classification performance was Mapper bands. Both MSS- and TM-based transformations good. Another conclusion is that the nonparametric classifier error employing simple band ratios, normalized differences, and principal is comparable to the Gaussian error, with more room for components generally produced poor to only fair results, with the improvement. Author exception of the first principal component. Author

A0643625 A0643629 SAR IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING DlGlTlSED FIELD EVALUATION OF LANDSAT MSS BANDS AND BOUNDARIES FOR CROP MAPPING AND MONITORING TRANSFORMATIONS FOR DETECTING HEAVY METAL STRESS APPLICATIONS IN FOREST-COVERED AREAS M. G. WOODING (Royal Aircraft Establishment, U.K. National C. BANNINGER (Graz, Technische Universitaet und Remote Sensing Centre, Farnborough, England) IN: 1985 Forschungszentrum; lnstitut fuer Digitale Bildverarbeitung und International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Graphik, Austria) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and 1985, p. 912-918. Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 957-963. refs An approach to SAR image segmentation (so that areas can Single and transformed band Landsat MSS data from three be analyzed as separate units) is presented, based on the digitizing scene dates of two tree stands growing in metal-rich soils show of field boundaries from large scale maps and the geometric the first principal component and the Kauth-Thomas green transformation of SAR images. Following the registration of maps vegetative and, to a lesser extent, the soil brightness indices to and images, techniques are used for automated backscatter be overall best in discriminating heavy metal stress in vegetation. measurement and the generation of segmented images. The The next most useful, in decreasing order of importance, are approach is seen to be particularly valuable for experimental work Landsat bands 6 and 7, perpendicular vegetation indices, band in general and for operational crop monitoring. The UK Ordnance differences, and simple band ratios (all employing Landsat bands Survey has long term plans to digitize fully the preparation of its 5, 6, and 7). Landsat bands 4 and 5 and the second principal maps and this could eventually be an important data source of component are the least useful for metal stress detection. field boundary maps for large area crop mapping. Plans have Author been made to have a facility to edit field boundaries on a display of the field boundary map superimposed on the image. A segmented image database system is to be developed to exploit A86-33644' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. and extend the analysis possibilities created by image Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ' segmentation. D.H. MULTI-CROP AREA ESTIMATION AND MAPPING ON A YICROPROCESSOR/MAINFRAME NETWORK A8643627 E. SHEFFNER (NASA, Ames Research Center; Technicolor SPECTRAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS - A BRIDGE BETWEEN Government Services, Inc., Moffett Field, CA) IN: 1985 SPECTRAL OBSERVATIONS AND AGROMETEOROLOGICAL International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium CROP MODELS (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 C. L. WIEGAND, A. J. RICHARDSON, and P. R. NIXON (USDA, . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Agricultural Research Service, Weslaco, TX) IN: 1985 International 1985, p. 1117-1122. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), (Contract NAS2-11101) Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, The data processing system is outlined for a 1985 test aimed Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. at determining the performance characteristics of area estimation 941-946. refs and mapping procedures connected with the California Cooperative Two experiments are described that were conducted under Remote Sensing Project. The project is a joint effort of the USDA AgRlSTARS sponsorship, one with cotton and one with spring Statistical Reporting Service-Remote Sensing Branch, the California wheat, specifically to determine the relationships for each term in Department of Water Resources, NASA-Ames Research Center, the 'spectral components analysis' identity, LAIIVI x APAR/LAI and the University of California Remote Sensing Research Program. = APARIVI. LA1 is leaf area index; VI is vegetation index; and One objective of the program was to study performance when APAR is absorbed photosynthetically active radiation. LA1 and data processing is done on a microprocessor/mainframe network APAR were well estimated from vegetation indices such as under operational conditions. The 1985 test covered the hardware, normalized difference and perpendicular vegetation index. The software, and network specifications and the integration of these spectral components analysis results presented lend credence to three components. Plans for the year - including planned completion the information conveyed by spectral canopy observations about of PEDITOR software, testing of software on MIDAS, and plant development and yield, and establish a bridge between accomplishment of data processing on the MIDAS-VAX-CRAY remote observations and agrometeorologicalcrop modeling through network - are discussed briefly. D.H. the variables of mutual concern: MI, light absorption, and yield. D.H. A06-34740 REFLECTANCE MODELLING AND THE DERIVATION OF A0643620 VEGETATION INDICES FOR AN AUSTRALIAN SEMI-ARID COMPARISON BETWEEN LANDSAT MSS AND THEMATIC SHRUBLAND MAPPER DATA FOR GEOBOTANICAL PROSPECTING IN THE R. P. PECH, R. D. GRAETZ (CSIRO, Div. of Wildlife and Rangelands I SPANISH-PORTUGUESE PYRITE BELT Research, Lyneham, Australia), and A. W. DAVIS (CSIRO, Div. of C. BANNINGER (Graz, Technische Universitaet und Mathematics and Statistics, Glen Osmond, Australia) International Forschungszentrum; lnstitut fuer Digitale Bildverarbeitung und Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, March 1986, Graphik, Austria) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote p. 389-403. refs Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, Indices of vegetation 'cover' and 'greenness' are derived for 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Landsat MSS digital data for an Australian rangeland type, and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 949-956. refs their usefulness discussed with reference to the information content Landsat MSS and Thematic Mapper data successfully detected of the data and the effect of shadowing as an interaction between metal-related stress in a pine tree stand growing in copper-lead-zinc landscape components. The indices are related to a class of rich soils. The far red and near-infrared MSS bands (MSS 3 and statistical models called mixture models which provides a formal

7 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY framework for analyzing reflectance data from multicomponent A86-35677' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. surfaces. Author Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN A BOREAL FOREST - RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THEMATIC MAPPER BAND REFLECTANCE AND A86-34741 LEAF AREA INDEX FOR ASPEN FORESTRY INFORMATION CONTENT OF THEMATIC MAPPER G. D. BADHWAR, R. €3. MACDONALD, F. G. HALL (NASA, Johnson DATA Space Center, Houston, TX), and J. G. CARNES (Lockheed D. N. H. HORLER (Horler Information, Inc., Ottawa, Canada) and Engineering and Management Services Co., Houston, TX) F. J. AHERN (Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa) (International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 01 43-1161), vol. 1IGARSS '841: From Research toward Operational Use, 7, March 1986, p. 405-428. refs Strasbourg, France, Aug. 27-30, 1984) IEEE Transactions on The spectral and radiometric properties of Thematic Mapper Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892), vol. GE-24, (TM) imagery are studied by principal component analysis. The May 1986, p. 322-326. Previously announced in STAR as principal components are: (1) brightness features, (2) N84-33875. refs greenness-type features, and (3) a contrast between visible and Results from analysis of a data set of simultaneous near-infrared regions and the shortwave infrared (SWIR) region. measurements of Thematic Mapper band reflectance and leaf area Landsat-4 data of the Dryden-Lac Seul region in western Ontario index are presented. The measurements were made over pure collected on September 26, 1982 is utilized in this study. The stands of Aspen in the Superior National Forest of northern analysis reveals that the spectral data can be reduced to three Minnesota. The analysis indicates that the reflectance may be eigenvectors with a loss of less than 10 percent of the scene sensitive to the leaf area index of the Aspen early in the season. variance. TM bands perform well for the three principal The sensitivity disappears as the season progresses. Based on components; TM bands 3, 4, and 5 are applicable for general the results of model calculations, an explanation for the observed cover-type discrimination and bands 1, 4, and 5 for separating a relationship is developed. The model calculations indicate that the set of softwood classes. It is observed that the TM bands 5 and sensitivity of the reflectance to the Aspen overstory depends on 7, which represent the SWIR spectral region, are sensitive to forest the amount of understory present. ESA vegetation density. I.F.

A86-34742' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A86-35678 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. A STABLE ITERATIVE PROCEDURE TO OBTAIN SOIL IDENTIFYING DEFORESTATION IN BRAZIL USING SURFACE PARAMETERS AND FLUXES FROM SATELLITE MULTIRESOLUTION SATELLITE DATA DATA R. NELSON and B. HOLBEN (NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, M. RAFFY and F. BECKER (Groupement Scientifique de Greenbelt, MD) International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN Teledetection Spatiale, Strasbourg, France) (International 0143-1161), vol. 7, March 1986, p. 429-448. refs Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium 1IGARSS '841: From The use of multiresolution satellite data to monitor deforestation Research toward Operational Use, Strasbourg, France, Aug. 27-30, on a continental1subcontinental scale is examined. MSS, local 1984) IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing area coverage (LAC), global area coverage (GAC), and GOES (ISSN 0196-2892), vol. GE-24, May 1986, p. 327-333. data were applied to the study of deforestation in Rondonia, Brazil; CNRS-supported research. refs the characteristics of these sensors are described. The probability Two general methods recently proposed to obtain the thermal thresholding and vegetation-index thresholding procedures used inertia, the sensible heat flux, and the evapotranspirationflux from to process the data in order to differentiate between forest from satellite data are summarized. In these methods, stable algorithms nonforest are analyzed. The LAC, GAC, and GOES data are were used, but the stabilization coefficients exist and can lead to compared to MSS data. It is observed that GOES data is not an iterative process to calculate the thermal inertia and the fluxes useful for monitoring colonization projects due to excessive noise with improved accuracy despite errors of measurements. Some in the data; the GAC data is only applicable in large areas of applications using in situ data and theoretically simulated data are contiguous forest clearing; the MSS data when available is given as an example. Author applicable as a ground data reference source for differentiating cleared areas from primary; the LAC data are capable of delineating colonization clearings; and the probability thresholding procedure differentiates forest from nonforest more accurately than the vegetation-index procedure. The data reveal that the LAC data A86-35679' Texas Univ., Arlington. combined with the probability threshold procedure provide the best UTILIZATION OF ACTIVE MICROWAVE ROUGHNESS data-source/classification-procedure combination. I.F. MEASUREMENTS TO IMPROVE PASSIVE MICROWAVE SOIL MOISTURE ESTIMATES OVER BARE SOILS S. W. THEIS (Texas Instruments, Inc., McKinney), A. J. BLANCHARD (Texas, University, Arlington), and 6. J. A86-34744 BLANCHARD (International Geoscience and Remote Sensing AN IMPROVED HYBRID CLASSIFIER Symposium 1IGARSS '841: From Research toward Operational J. Y. KO0 and M. KIM (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Use, Strasbourg, France, Aug. 27-30, 1984) IEEE Transactions on Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea) International Journal of Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892), vol. GE-24, Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, March 1986, p. May 1986, p. 334-339. USGS-USDA-supportedresearch. Previously 471-476. announced in STAR as N84-33898. refs A new hybrid classifier is proposed which utilizes the advantages (Contract NSG-5134; DOC-MO-AOI -78-004332) of the maximum likelihood classifier and the parallelepiped Multisensor aircraft data were used to establish the potential classifier. The new hybrid classifier reduces the processing time of the active microwave sensor response to be used to compensate more substantially than the conventional one by introducing a lower for roughness in the passive microwave sensor's response to soil boundary for each class. The rate of misclassificationis comparable moisture. Only bare fields were used. It is found that the L-band to that of maximum likelihood classifier. Performance of the radiometer's capability to estimate soil moisture significantly conventional and the new method are compared by an example. improves when surface roughness is accounted for with the Author scatterometers. ESA a 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-35681 of oak is demonstrated using data acquired by the polarization MICROWAVE EMISSION FROM ROW CROPS photometer. The instrument is being used to increase D. R. BRUNFELDT (Applied Microwave Corp., Lawrence, KS) and understanding of the radiation transfer process in plant canopies F. T. ULABY (Michigan, University, Ann Arbor) (International and specifically to determine how agronomic information of the Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IIGARSS '84/: From physical and chemical processes in leaves, plants, and plant Research toward Operational Use, Strasbourg, France, Aug. 27-30, canopies is expressed in these light-scattering properties. Author 1984) IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892), vol. GE-24, May 1986, p. 353-359. In order to examine the emission properties of vegetation without taking into consideration the effects of variations in the A86-36037# soil background, strips of metal screening were used to cover the FOREST SIGNATURES IN IMAGING AND NON-IMAGING soil surface between adjacent rows of plants. Temporal MICROWAVE SCAlTEROMETER DATA measurements were made at 2.7 and 5.1 GHz for soybean, wheat, A. J. SIEBER (DFVLR, lnstitut fuer Hochfrequenztechnik, and corn canopies. Several special experiments were conducted Oberpfaffenhofen, West Germany) ESA Journal (ISSN 0379-2285), to evaluate the sensitivity of brightness temperature to look vol. 9, no. 4, 1985, p. 431-448. refs direction (relative to row direction), polarization configuration, and X-band and L-band radars have been used to determine the incidence angle, and to evaluate the emission contributions of signatures of both deciduous and coniferous trees. The information defoliated stalks. In general, the results show that the canopy is content of the radars is significantly influenced not only by the X- highly anisotropic, the emission exhibits a strong dependence on and L-band radar cross-sections of the trees, but also by the polarization and look direction, and the scattering albedo is typically spatial resolutions of the measurements. It has been found that less than 0.1. Canopy transmissivity was estimated from the selection of the appropriate polarisation allows particular tree radiometric observations and then related empirically to the species to be identified. Author canopy's integrated water content. Using this relation in a zero-order radiative transfer model led to good agreement between the experimental observations and the model predictions. Author

A86-35687 A86-36042' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. SEGMENTATION OF A THEMATIC MAPPER IMAGE USING THE Earth Resources Lab., Bay St. Louis, Miss. FUZZY C-MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVE RADIANT TEMPERATURES IN A R. L. CANNON, J. C. BEZDEK (South Carolina, University, PACIFIC NORTHWEST FOREST USING THERMAL INFRARED Columbia), J. V. DAVE (IBM Palo Alto Scientific Center, CA), and MULTISPECTRAL SCANNER DATA M. M. TRlVEDl (Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge) IEEE S. A. SADER (NASA, Earth Resources Laboratory, Bay St. Louis, Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN MS) Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257), vol. 0196-2892), vol. GE-24, May 1986, p. 400-408. refs 19, April 1986, p. 105-115. refs (Contract NSF ECS-82-17191; NSF IST-84-07860) Analysis of Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner data In this paper, a segmentation procedure that utilizes a clustering collected over H. J. Andrews experimental forest in western Oregon algorithm based upon fuzzy set theory is developed. The procedure indicated that aspect and slope gradient had a greater effect on operates in a nonparametric unsupervised mode. The feasibility of the thermal emission of younger reforested clearcuts than of older the methodology is demonstrated by segmenting a six-band stands. Older forest stands (older than 25 years) with greater Landsat-4 digital image with 324 scan lines and 392 pixels per amounts of green biomass and closed canopies, had lower effective scan line. For this image, 100-percent ground cover information is radiant temperatures than younger, less dense stands. Aspect and available for estimating the quality of segmentation. About 80 slope had little effect on the effective radiant temperature of these percent of the imaged area contains corn and soybean fields older stands. Canopy temperature recorded at approximately 1:30 near the peak of their growing season. The remaining 20 percent pm local time July 29, 1983 were nearly equal to maximum daily of the image contains 12 different types of ground cover classes air temperature recorded at eight reference stands. The that appear in regions of different sizes and shapes. The investigation provided some insights into the utility of the thermal segmentation method uses the fuzzy c-means algorithm in two sensor for detecting surface temperature differences related to stages. The large number of clusters resulting from this forest composition and green biomass amounts in mountain segmentation process are then merged by use of a similarity terrain. Author measure on the cluster centers. Results are presented to show that this two-stage process leads to separation of corn and soybean, and of several minor classes that would otherwise be overwhelmed in any practical one-stage clustering. Author A86-36044 SOIL BACKGROUND EFFECTS ON THE SPECTRAL RESPONSE A86-35748' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. OF A THREE-COMPONENT RANGELAND SCENE Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. J. L. HEILMAN (Texas A & M University, College Station) and W. POLARIZATION PHOTOMETER TO MEASURE BIDIRECTIONAL E. BOYD (Earth Observation Satellite Co., Lanham, MD) Remote REFLECTANCE FACTOR R(55 DEG, 0 DEG, 55 DEG, 180 DEG) Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257), vol. 19, April 1986, p. OF LEAVES 127-137. refs V. C. VANDERBILT (NASA, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Landsat data were simulated for a grass, brush, and soil CA; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN) and L. GRANT (Purdue rangeland scene for active growth and summer dormancy, to University, West Lafayette, IN) Optical Engineering (ISSN evaluate the effect of soil background reflectance on the sensitivity 0091-3286), vol. 25, April 1986, p. 566-571. refs ratio and orthogonal spectral indices to vegetation density. As the (Contract NAG5-269; NAS9-16528) density of green vegetation increased, the sensitivities of the ratio A polarization photometer has been developed for rapidly vegetation index and the normalized difference decreased for low determining the bidirectional, polarized, and diffuse light-scattering soil reflectance, and increased for high soil reflectance. Differences properties of individual leavs illuminated and measured 'in vivo' at were found between some results obtained from published an angle of 55 deg (approximately Brewster's angle) in six coefficients and those obtained from the simulated data. The results wavelength bands in the visible and near-IR wavelength regions. suggest that discrimination of brush and vegetation may not be The optical performance and data quality of the system are possible during active growth (when the grass is dormant), and evaluated to estimate the magnitude of the variation in the data that even if soil-specific calibration and soil lines are used, the attributable to the instrument system and to measurement accuracy of vegetation density estimates derived from the indices procedures. The potential to discriminate between three species may vary with soil background. R.R.

9 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-36045' Illinois Univ., Chicago. Landsats 4 and 5. Nadir measurements of spectral reflectance SCAlTERlNG FROM A RANDOM LAYER EMBEDDED WITH and emittance were made over well-watered canopies with and DIELECTRIC NEEDLES without dew to determine its effect on each wavelength interval. H. J. EOM (Illinois, University, Chicago) and A. K. FUNG (Texas, The diurnal patterns of reflectances from canopies without dew University, Arlington) Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN were symmetric with respect to solar noon. However, when dew 0034-4257), vol. 19, April 1986, p. 139-149. refs was present on canopies, morning reflectances in wavelengths (Contract NAG5-68; NASS-15421) shorter than 0.7 micron and longer than 1.15 microns were Intensity scattering from a random layer imbedded with small significantly different than those observed during the afternoon dielectric needles is studied for applications to coniferous under similar solar zenith angles. Quantitative measurements of vegetation. The phase matrix of a thin needle whose length may dew density in each cultivar established that moderately high dew be appreciable compared to the incident wavelength is presented. levels increased reflectance in visible wavelengths by 40-60 percent The effects of needle orientation on scattering is taken into account and decreased reflectance in wavelengths between 1.1 5 and 2.35 by averaging the phase function over angles of orientation. The microns by 25-60 percent. No effect of dew was noted in the backscattering coefficient from the layer is computed by solving near-IR region of the spectrum between 0.7 and 1.1 microns or the radiative transfer equation. The effects of operating frequency, the thermal IR 10.4-12.5 microns. Author orientation and size of a needle on like- and cross-backscattering are demonstrated. It was found that in backscatteringangular trends are mainly controlled by the orientation of the needles. Author A86-36084 A86-36046' Illinois Univ., Chicago. USE OF MULTITEMPORAL SPECTRAL PROFILES IN REGRESSION MODELS FOR VEGETATION AGRICULTURAL LANDCOVER CLASSIFICATION RADAR-BACKSCATTERING AND RADIOMETRIC EMISSION T. H. C. LO (Alabama, University, University), F. L. SCARPACE, H. J. EOM (Illinois, University, Chicago) Remote Sensing of and T. M. LILLESAND (Wisconsin, University, Madison) Environment (ISSN 0034-4257), vol. 19, April 1986, p. 151-157. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (ISSN refs 0099-1112), vol. 52, April 1986, p. 535-544. refs (Contract NAG5-486) A range of single date and multitemporal classification Simple regression estimation of radar backscatter and approaches was compared using Landsat MSS data acquired radiometric emission from vegetative terrain is proposed, based during the 1979 growing season in the vicinity of Green Bay, WI. on the exact radiative transfer models. A vegetative canopy is In addition to evaluating the traditional supervised and unsupervised modeled as a Rayleigh scattering layer above an irregular Kirchhoff classification strategies typically applied in such efforts, an surface. The rms errors between the exact and the estimated unsupervised multitemporal ratio approach was developed. This ones are found to be less than 5 percent for emission, and 1 dB involved the use of multidate ratioed data in a clustering algorithm for the backscattering case, in most practical uses. The proposed sensitive to image texture. A spectral variance threshold for a formulas are useful in quickly estimating backscattering and moving 3 by 3 pixel window in the image data was used to isolate emission from the vegetative terrain. Author homogeneous areas for cluster center definition. A temporal ratio profile for each cluster center was constructed and then labeled A86-36047' Kansas State Univ., Manhattan. according to the local crop calendar. The paper highlights not DISTINGUISHING AMONG TALLGRASS PRAIRIE COVER only the ease of this procedure, but also its superior accuracy TYPES FROM MEASUREMENTS OF MULTISPECTRAL and consistency as compared to the traditional classification REFLECTANCE procedures tested. The practicality of such multitemporal analyses G. ASRAR, R. L. WEISER, D. E. JOHNSON, E. T. KANEMASU, will be greatly enhanced by the 'on demand' image acquisition and J. M. KILLEEN (Kansas State University of Agriculture and features of future satellite systems such as SPOT. Author Applied Science, Manhattan) Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257). vol. 19, April 1986, p. 159-169. refs (Contract NAS1-67457) The heterogeneity in surface cover caused by management A86-36237 practices or natural events complicates monitoring the conditions EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OVER AN AGRICULTURAL REGION of grasslands and assessing their productivity by remote sensing USING A SURFACE FLUX/TEMPERATURE MODEL BASED ON techniques. Statistical procedures were sought that would allow NOAA-AVHRR DATA different grassland surface cover types (bare soil, senescent 0. TACONET, R. BERNARD, and D. VIDAL-MADJAR (Centre de vegetation, and green vegetation) to be distinguished by using Recherches en Physique de I'Environnement Terrestre et measurements of grassland multispectral reflectance. Two Planetaire, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France) Journal of Climate and procedures, discriminant analysis and canonical discriminant Applied Meteorology (ISSN 0733-3021), vol. 25, March 1986, p. analysis, were found suitable for achieving this objective. Linear 284-307. CNES-supported research. refs classification functions and canonical variables were derived, which A methodology was developed to infer daily evaporation and distinguish between the three cover types. A comparison between soil moisture distribution over large areas. It uses NOAAJ surface two sensor systems, a Barnes multiband radiometer and an Exotech data as input data in a one-dimensional boundary radiometer that simulates the Landsat thematic mapper (TM) and layer/vegetation/soiI model based on the formation of Deardorff, multispectral scanner (MSS)bands, respectively, showed that the which allows the use of a small number of mesoscale surface separability among the three cover types was substantially improved vegetation parameters. Model sensitivity tests indicate that a single by the additional and improved spectral features of the Barnes surface temperature measured near midday is sufficient for radiometer. Author obtaining the surface energy fluxes over dense vegetation, and for deriving the bulk canopy resistance to evaporation. The ability A8636049 of the model to predict the area-averaged surface fluxes and EFFECT OF DEW ON CANOPY REFLECTANCE AND canopy resistances over dense vegetation is examined in TEMPERATURE conjunction with experimental surface flux measurements for three P. J. PINTER, JR. (USDA, Water Conservation Laboratory, Phoenix, cases over a flat monocultural region (the Beuce in France). Using AZ) Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257), vol. 19, an empirical expression which relates canopy resistance to root April 1986, p. 187-205. refs zone water content. an averaged evaluation of the soil moisture The diurnal behavior of canopy reflectance and emittance was can be derived (assuming the absence of a current capability for characterized for six spring wheat cultivars using two ground-based routine daily soil-moisture observation over an agricultural region). radiometers that had spectral bandpass characteristics similar to Hence, the spatial gradient of water content between two distinct the multispectral scanner and thematic mapper radiometers on areas of Beuce is evaluated. K.K.

10 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-36697 column tension is greater at higher damage sites; and a 'blue DETERMINATION OF THE SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF shift' is indicated in the spectral data at high damage sites. I.F. NATURAL OBJECTS ON TEST RANGES, AND ASPECTS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF SPACE SYSTEMS [OPREDELENIE SPEKTRAL'NYKH KHARAKTERISTIK PRIRODNYKH OBEKTOV NA POLIGONAKH I VOPROSY EFFEKTIVNOSTI KOSMICHESKIKH SISTEMI A. M. VOLKOV, ED. and S. G. IAKOVLEV, ED. Leningrad, A86-37014 Gidrometeoizdat (Gosudarstvennyi Nauchno-lssledovatel'skii ADDING SPATIAL CONSIDERATIONS TO THE JABOWA Tsentr lzucheniia Prirodnykh Resursov, Trudy, No. 24), 1985, 120 MODEL OF FOREST GROWTH p. In Russian. No individual items are abstracted in this volume. D. B. BOTKIN, T. E. REYNALES, and K. D. WOODS (California, Papers are presented on various aspects of the remote sensing University, Santa Barbara) IN: Machine processing of remotely of earth resources. Particular attention is given to the measurement sensed data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, of the reflection characteristics of natural objects using airborne and analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International spectrometers; vegetation differentiation according to spectral Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, characteristics; the cost effectiveness of satellite remote-sensing Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. systems; the monitoring of the stability of instruments for measuring 141-148. refs the brightness spectral density of natural objects; and the effect Classical ecological questions about the nature of communities of the atmosphere on the spectral brightness of objects during and spatial pattern in vegetation may be answered through the remote sensing in the optical range. B.J. integration of data from remote sensing with ecosystem simulation models. JABOWA and related forest growth models have A86-36783 successfully simulated small plots but are not adequate for SMALL FORMAT, OBLIQUE, COLOUR AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY large-area projections. Study of vegetation pattern requires - AN AID TO THE LOCATION OF METHANE SEEPAGE selection of an appropriate spatial resolution of 'grain size', which P. J. CURRAN (Sheffield, University, England) InternationalJournal should be guided by the ecological phenomena studied and an of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, April 1986, p. understanding of the effects of adjacent units on one another. A 477-479. refs forest sample plot size of 0.1 hectare is proposed as both ecologically appropriate and consistent with available resolution A86-36789' Lockheed Engineering and Management Services from remote sensing devices. The rationale and methodology for Co., Inc., Houston, Tex. transforming JABOWA from a non-spatial 'gap' model to a model AN INFORMATION MEASURE FOR CLASS DISCRIMINATION with the capacity to simulate the growth of spatially-related forest S. S. SHEN (Lockheed Engineering and Management Services plots are discussed. Author Co., Inc., Houston, TX) and G. D. BADHWAR (NASA, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX) International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, April 1986, p. 547-556. refs This article describes a separability measure for class discrimination. This measure is based on the Fisher information measure for estimating the mixing proportion of two classes. The A86-37015 Fisher information measure not only provides a means to assess DETECTION OF BIOMASS BY AN EMPlRlC ALBEDO AND quantitatively the information content in the features for separating SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE MODEL IN THE SAHARA DESERT classes, but also gives the lower bound for the variance of any FROM LANDSAT-IMAGERY unbiased estimate of the mixing proportion based on observations M. C. MUEKSCH (Bonn, Universitaet, West Germany) IN: Machine of the features. Unlike most commonly used separability measures, processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: this measure is not dependent on the form of the probability Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of distribution of the features and does not imply a specific estimation the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June procedure. This is important because the probability distribution 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics function that describes the data for a given class does not have Engineers, 1985, p. 149-156. refs simple analytic forms, such as a Gaussian. Results of applying this measure to compare the information content provided by three Landsat-derived feature vectors for the purpose of separating small grains from other crops are presented. Author

A86-37008' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., A86-37016' Wisconsin Univ., Madison. Pasadena. MODELING THE CONTROLS OF FOREST PRODUCTIVITY FIELD AND AIRBORNE SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION OF USING CANOPY VARIABLES SUSPECTED DAMAGE IN RED SPRUCE (PICEA RUBENS) FROM J. D. ABER and J. FOWNES (Wisconsin, University, Madison) IN: VERMONT Machine processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global B. N. ROCK, J. E. VOGELMANN (California Institute of Technology, process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena), and D. L. WILLIAMS (NASA, Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, West Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD) IN: Machine Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 157-161. Research supported Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of by the University of Wisconsin. refs the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June (Contract NCA2-IR-865-401) 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics A framework is presented by which a generalized, canopy-driven Engineers, 1985, p. 71 -81. NASA-supported research. refs model of biogeochemical cycling in forest ecosystems may be The utilization of remote sensing to monitor forest damage produced. Recent research results demonstrating relationships due to acid deposition is investigated. Spectral and water between canopy characteristics and important ecosystem measurements and aircraft radiance data of red spruce and balsam processes are used to support this approach. Most relationships fir, collected in Camels Hump Mountain and Ripton, Vermont hold across species groups and suggest that identification of between August 13-20, 1984, are analyzed to evaluate the damage species may not be crucial. Linking this type of model to remote levels of the trees. Variations in reflectance features and canopy sensing will depend on developing the capability to measure a moisture content are studied. It is observed that damage correlates few key morphological and chemical parameters of whole forest with elevation (greater damage at higher elevations); xylem water canopies by reflectance characteristics. Author

11 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-37018' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A86-37034' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. ANALYSIS OF DATA ACQUIRED BY SHUTTLE IMAGING AGRICULTURAL APPLICATIONS FOR THERMAL INFRARED RADAR SIR-A AND LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER OVER MULTISPECTRAL SCANNER DATA BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA R. E. PELLETIER, M. C. OCHOA (NASA, National Space S.-T. WU (NASA, National Space Technology Laboratories, Bay Technology Laboratories, Bay Saint Louis, MS), and B. F. HAJEK Saint Louis, MS) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed (Auburn University, AL) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 173-182. refs 321-328. refs Seasonally compatible data collected by SIR-A and by Landsat The use of the Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS) 4 TM over the lower coastal plain in Alabama were coregistered, data in agricultural landscapes is discussed. The TIMS allows for forming a SIR-A/TM multichannel data set with 30 m x 30 m narrow-band analysis in the 8.2-1 1.6 micron range at spatial pixel size. Spectral signature plots and histogram analysis of the resolutions down to 5 meters in cell size. A coastal plain region data were used to observe data characteristics. Radar returns in SE Alabama was studied using the TIMS. The croplplant vigor, from pine forest classes correlated highly with the tree ages, canopy density, and thermal response changes for soils obtained suggesting the potential utility of microwave remote sensing for from thermal imagery are examined. The application of TIMS data forest biomass estimation. As compared with the TM-only data to hydrologic and topographic issues, inventory and conservation set, the use of SIR-A/TM data set improved classification accuracy monitoring, and the enhancement and extraction of cartographic of the seven land cover types studied. In addition, the SIR-A/TM features is described. I.F. classified data support previous finding by Engheta and Elachi (1982) that microwave data appear to be correlated with differing bottomland hardwood forest vegetation as associated with varying water regimens (i.e., wet versus dry). IS. A86-37035 THE TASSELED CAP - SIZE, SHAPE AND ORIENTATION CHANGES DUE TO SOIL BACKGROUND A. R. HUETE (Arizona, University, Tucson) and R. D. JACKSON A86-37020 INTEGRATION OF HIGH AND LOW RESOLUTION SATELLITE (USDA, Water Conservation Laboratory, Phoenix, AZ) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data Quantifying global process: DATA FOR CROP CONDITION ASSESSMENT - Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of R. J. BROWN and C. PREVOST (Canada Centre for Remote the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June Sensing, Ottawa) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed 25-27, 1985 New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics data Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and . - Engineers, 1985, p. 329-337. refs analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International The empirical domain of the Tasseled Cap Graphic Model was Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, examined in the soil brightness-plant greenness plane. Individual, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 189-196. refs soil-specific tasseled caps were derived for four different soil types with similar plant canopy conditions in order to analyze soil Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) and NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) imagery were registered and background influences on greenness results. The size, shape and the radiances from several sites were measured. The Landsat orientation of these tasseled caps were strongly dependent on soil type, and greenness results for identical plant canopy data were used to assess which ground cover types were contributing to the AVHRR radiance values and to evaluate the conditions were not reproducible across tasseled caps. Greenness effect nongrain classes would have on estimating grain crop was comparable only when individual tasseled caps were scaled condition. It is seen that great care must be taken in directly to similar sizes. In contrast to the global tasseled cap, soil-specific comparing areas within one data source with different crop mixes models significantly improved vegetation assessment, particularly and vegetation classes since the total contribution of the grains at low green canopy covers. Author to the vegetation index, as measured by the AVHRR, can be less than 40 percent. However, reliable use can be made of the AVHRR data if a comparison is made from year to year for a particular region. Author A86-37036 WAVELENGTH INTENSITY INDICES IN RELATION TO TREE CONDITION AND LEAF-NUTRIENT CONTENT S.-F. SHIH, D. L. MYHRE, G. J. EDWARDS, C. H. BLAZQUEZ, A86-37025 and J. M. GARDNER (Florida, University, Gainesville) IN: Machine SEMI-OPERATIONAL IDENTIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: CROPS FROM AIRBORNE SUR-DATA Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of P. BINNENKADE (Nationaal Lucht- en Ruimtevaartlaboratorium, the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June Amsterdam, Netherlands), H. W. J. VAN KASTEREN. and D. UENK 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics (Centrum voor Agrobiologisch Onderzoek, Wageningen, Engineers, 1985, p. 350-356. refs Netherlands) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data - As an alternative to assessing occurrence of citrus blight with Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical conventional techniques, wavelength intensity indices were used methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, to estimate tree health status and the leaf contents of Zn, Na, K, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Mg, Ga, P, Cu, and AI. The results of chemical analysis showed Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 241 -247. refs that the leaves of declined trees have a tendency to be low in K The 1984-airborne SLAR campaign of the Dutch ROVE-team and Mg and high in Na, Ca, and AI. Photographs made with infrared is discussed. Through preprocessing, segmentation, and film were analyzed by densitometry. On the basis of statistical pseudohierarchical classification a multitemporal data set of three analysis, the parameters of wavelength intensity indices correlating test sites is treated for identification of potatoes and other most strongly with either the leaf nutrient content or the tree agricultural crops. Author health status were selected. IS.

12 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

A86-39002' Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, Ind. ratio vegetation index was calculated. The results show that SUN ANGLE, VIEW ANGLE, AND BACKGROUND EFFECTS ON off-nadir directional reflectance measured at the surface in the SPECTRAL RESPONSE OF SIMULATED BALSAM FIR red and near-IR portions of the spectrum are approximately CANOPIES maintained with AVHRR viewing and illumination characteristics. K. J. RANSON, C. S. T. DAUGHTRY, and L. L. BIEHL (Purdue The two-channel reflectance response is such that the ratio University, West Lafayette, IN) Photogrammetric Engineering and vegetation index is more constant with scan angle and atmospheric Remote Sensing (ISSN 0099-1112), vol. 52, May 1986, p. conditions than individual channels. It is shown that inclusion of 649-658. refs atmospheric and surface reflectance data can greatly improve (Contract NAS9-16528) interpretation of AVHRR data, when knowledge of the range of An experiment is described that examines the effects of solar atmospheric conditions and approximate directional reflectances zenith angle and background reflectance on the composite scene of major cover types are known. Author reflectance of small balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) arranged in different densities. In this study, the shape, density, and, A86-39147 consequently, the needle area index and phytomass of the SEPARATION OF SOIL-PLANT SPECTRAL MIXTURES BY canopies, as well as the background reflectance, were controlled. FACTOR ANALYSIS The effects of sun angle, view angle, and background reflectance A. R. HUETE (Arizona, University, Tucson) Remote Sensing of on the multispectral response of small balsam fir trees were Environment (ISSN 0034-4257), vol. 19, June 1986, p. 237-251. significant. Regression models relating spectral vegetation indices refs (Le., normalized difference (ND) and greenness (GR) to phytomass) A factor-analytic inversion model is presented which enables a showed very poor relationships for balsam fir canopies with a data set of spectral mixtures to be decomposed into the sum of grass background. However, strong linear relationships were found unique reflecting components weighted by their corresponding for ND and GR with phytomass for a background that simulated amounts. Spectral mixtures are decomposed into abstract the reflectance of snow. Changing solar zenith angle significantly eigenspectra and eigenvector matrices. The eigenspectra are then affected the models relating ND to phytomass for the snow transformed into pure component spectral signature through a background, but was not significant in the model relating GR to target testing procedure that allows one to individually search for phytomass for the snow background Author the presence of ground reflecting features. Soil-plant mixtures with variable soil moisture and plant densities were successfully A86-39003' Washington Univ., St. Louis, Mo. decomposed into dry soil, wet soil, and vegetation components USE OF SIR-A AND LANDSAT MSS DATA IN MAPPING SHRUB and their respective amounts in all spectral mixtures were AND INTERSHRUB VEGETATION AT KOONAMORE, SOUTH determined. Potential uses of factor analysis in soil identification AUSTRALIA and biomass assessment are discussed. Author G. M. GREEN (Washington University, St. Louis, MO) Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (ISSN A86-39148' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 0099-1 112), vol. 52, May 1986, p. 659-670. refs Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. (Contract JPL-956427; JPL-956515) ANALYSIS OF A RESISTANCE-ENERGY BALANCE METHOD Shrublands cover much of the interior of the Australian continent FOR ESTIMATING DAILY EVAPORATION FROM WHEAT PLOTS and support a large grazing industry. Distinguishing the woody USING ONE-TIME-OF-DAY INFRARED TEMPERATURE perennial vegetation from the smaller herbaceous vegetation and OBSERVATIONS soil-encrusting lichen found between the shrubs is critical for range B. J. CHOUDHURY (NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, management but is difficult to do using Landsat data alone. In Greenbelt, MD), S. B. IDSO, and R. J. REGINATO (USDA, Water this study Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-A) and Landsat data Conservation Laboratory, Phoenix, AZ) Remote Sensing of acquired over Koonamore Station are examined together. Given Environment (ISSN 0034-4257), vol. 19, June 1986, p. 253-268. the low topography and fine textured soils at Koonamore, radar refs return should be primarily determined by the percent area occupied Accurate estimates of evaporation over field-scale or larger by shrubs. During periods when most of the vegetation was areas are needed in hydrologic studies, irrigation scheduling, and non-vigorous and spectrally homogeneous, SIR-A data, as a meteorology. Remotely sensed surface temperature might be used surrogate measure of shrub cover, allowed the reflectance due to in a model to calculate evaporation. A resistance-energy balance shrubs in Landsat data to be separated from the reflectance due model, which combines an energy balance equation, the to the intervening ground. This method allows estimation of the Penman-Monteith (1 981) evaporation equation, and van den intershrub reflectance properties that are related to herbaceous Honert's (1948) equation for water extraction by plant roots, is vegetation, lichen, and bare soil exposures. Author analyzed for estimating daily evaporation from wheat using postnoon canopy temperature measurements. Additional data A86-39006 requirements are half-hourly averages of solar radiation, air and PREDICTING TREE GROUNDLINE DIAMETER FROM CROWN dew point temperatures, and wind speed, along with reasonable MEASUREMENTS MADE ON 35-MM AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY estimates of canopy emissivity, albedo, height, and leaf area index. G. F. HAGAN (Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN) and J. L. Evaporation fluxes were measured in the field by precision weighing SMITH (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, lysimeters for well-watered and water-stressed wheat. Errors in , Blacksburg) Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing computed daily evaporation were generally less than 10 percent, (ISSN 0099-1 112), vol. 52, May 1986, p. 687-690. refs while errors in cumulative evaporation for 10 clear sky days were less than 5 percent for both well-wateredand water-stressedwheat. A86-39146* National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Some results from sensitivity analysis of the model are also ' Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. given. Author DIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE RESPONSE IN AVHRR RED AND NEAR-IR BANDS FOR THREE COVER TYPES AND VARYING AM-39149. Kansas Univ. Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence. ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR BACKSCAlTERlNG SOURCES IN 1 B. HOLBEN, D. KIMES, and R. S. FRASER (NASA, Goddard Space TREES AND SHRUBS AT 10 GHZ Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD) Remote Sensing of Environment R. ZOUGHI, L. K. WU, and R. K. MOORE (University of Kansas (ISSN 0034-4257), vol. 19, June 1986, p. 213-236. refs Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence) Remote Sensing of Surface directional red and near-infrared reflectances of bare Environment (ISSN 0034-4257), vol. 19, June 1986, p. 269-290. I soil, orchard grass, and fescue were extracted from a multitemporal refs data Set to correspond to NOAA-7 Advanced Very High Resolution (Contract NAG5-271) Radiometer (AVHRR) scanning and illumination geometry at 30 A short-range very-fine-resolution FM-CW radar scatterometer deg latitude. Radiances were simulated at satellite altitude and a has been used to identify the primary contributors to IO-GHz radar

13 01 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY backscatter from pine, pin oak, American sycamore and sugar parallelepiped classifier. The classification technique (CLPIPE) and maple trees, and from creeping juniper shrubs. This system the statistical software module (FIND) are incorporated into a provided a range resolution of 11 cm and gave a 16-cm diameter production software runstream (DUCK.CAN). The production illumination area at the target range of about 4 m. For a pine runstream allows analysis with geographically referenced raw data, tree, the needles caused the strongest backscatter as well as the to complete the classification process, develop statistical reports, strongest attenuation in the radar signal. Cones, although and produce final output products in the form of maps and tables. insignificant contributors to the total backscatter, were more It is concluded that the TM has the capability to spectrally identify important for backscattering than for attenuation. For the rest of wetland categories. E.A.K. the trees, leaves were the strongest cause of backscattering and attenuation. However, in the absence of leaves, the petioles, small twigs, and branches gave relatively strong backscatter. For American sycamore and sugar maple trees, the fruits did not affect the total backscatter unless they were packed in clusters. For creeping juniper the backscattered energy and attenuation in the radar signal were mainly due to the top two layers of the evergreen N86-25034'# Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., scales. The contribution of the tree trunks was not determined. Pasadena. Author CONCEPTUAL DESIGN STUDY FOREST FIRE ADVANCED SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY (FFAST) N86-23994'# Delaware Univ., Newark. Coll. of Marine Studies. J. D. NICHOLS and J. R. WARREN (Department of Agriculture, REMOTE SENSING INVESTIGATIONS OF WETLAND BIOMASS Washington, D.C.) 15 Feb. 1986 132 p refs AND PRODUCTIVITY FOR GLOBAL BIOSYSTEMS RESEARCH (Contract NAS7-918) Final Technical Report, 1 Nov. 1982 - 1 Apr. 1986 (JPL-PUBL-86-5; NAS 1.26:177214; NASA-CR-177214) Avail: V. KLEMAS 15 Apr. 1986 25 p refs NTlS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 02F (Contract NAGW-374) An integrated forest fire detection and mapping system that (NASA-CR-176725; NAS 1.26:176725) Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF will be based upon technology available in the 1990s was defined. A01 CSCLO8B Uncertainties in emerging and advanced technologies related to The relationship between spectral radiance and plant canopy the conceptual design were identified and recommended for biomass was studied in wetlands. Spectroradiometer data was inclusion as preferred system components. System component gathered on Thematic Mapper wavebands 3, 4, and 5, and technologies identified for an end-to-end system include thermal correlated with canopy and edaphic factors determined by infrared, linear array detectors, automatic georeferencing and signal harvesting. The relationship between spectral radiance and plant processing, geosynchronous satellite communication links, and canopy biomass for major salt and brackish canopy types was advanced data integration and display. Potential system determined. Algorithms were developed for biomass measurement configuration options were developed and examined for possible in mangrove swamps. The influence of latitudinal variability in inclusion in the preferred system configuration. The preferred canopy structure on biomass assessment of selected plants was system configuration will provide increased performance and be investigated. Brackish marsh biomass estimates were obtained from cost effective over the system currently in use. Forest fire low altitude aircraft and compared with ground measurements. management user requirements and the system component Annual net aerial primary productivity estimates computed from emerging technologies were the basis for the system configuration spectral radiance data were compiled for a Spartina alterniflora design. A preferred system configuration was defined that warrants marsh. Spectral radiance data were expressed as vegetation or continued refinement and development, examined economic infrared index values. Biomass estimates computed from models aspects of the current and preferred system, and provided were in close agreement with biomass estimates determined from preliminary cost estimates for follow-on system prototype harvests. Author development. B.G.

N86-23995*# Operations Research, Inc., Landover, Md. EOS RADIOMETER CONCEPTS FOR SOIL MOISTURE REMOTE SENSING Final Report J. CARR 10 Feb. 1986 175 p (Contract NAS5-28648) (NASA-CR-177854; NAS 1.26377854) Avail: NTlS HC AO8/MF N86-25863'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A01 CSCLO8B National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. Preliminary work with aperture synthesis concepts for EOS is TIMBER RESOURCES INVENTORY AND MONITORING JOINT reported. The effects of nonvanishing bandwidths on image RESEARCH PROJECT reconstruction in aperture synthesis system was studied. It is found C. L. HILL Oct. 1985 35 p refs Prepared in cooperation that nonvanishing bandwidths introduce errors in off-axis pixels with International Paper Co., Tuxedo Park, N.Y. Original contains when naive Fourier processing is used. The net effect is for color illustrations bandwidth to limit sensor field-of-view. To quantify this effect a (NASA-TM-88754; NAS 1.15:88754; ERL-237) Avail: NTlS HC computer program was written which is documented. Example runs A03/MF A01 CSCL 02F are included which illustrate the resultant radiometric errors and Primary objectives were to develop remote sensing analysis effective fields-of-view for a plausible simple sensor. Author techniques for extracting forest related information from LANDSAT Multispectral Scanner (MMS) and Thematic Mapper data and to N86-25032# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. determine the extent to which International Paper Company National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. information needs can be addressed with remote sensing DUCKS UNLIMITED JOINT RESEARCH PROJECT Final Report information. The company actively manages 8.4 million acres of C. L. HILL Dec. 1985 175 p refs forest land. Traditionally, their forest inventories, updated on a (NASA-TM-88755; NAS 1.1 5:88755; ERL-238) Avail: NTlS HC three year cycle, are conducted through field surveys and aerial AOB/MF A01 CSCL 138 photography. The results reside in a digital forest data base The feasibility of using LANDSAT thematic mapper (TM) data containing 240 descriptive parameteres for individual forest stands. and geographic information system technology as part of a The information in the data base is used to develop seasonal waterfowl habitat inventory and assessment program was and long range management strategies. Forest stand condition determined. The TM data analysis offers interesting results in assessements (species composition, age, and density stratification) wetland mapping. The best technique is the one that utilizes a and identification of silvicultural activities (site preparation, planting, distance derived mask as input to a modified orthogonal thinning, and harvest) are addressed. B.G.

14 02 ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AND CULTURAL RESOURCES

N86-26666# lnstituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos and assess the amount of needed ancillary and ground-reference Campos (Brazil). data, given the required accuracy of determination. ESA A PROPOSAL FOR A PROJECT ENTITLED ASSESSMENT OF FOREST RESOURCES IN URUGUAY SUBMllTED TO THE N86-27698'# Maryland Univ., College Park. Office of Sponsored UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT Programs. ORGANIZATION (UNIDO) DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGYINASA-GSFC GEOBOTANICAL R. A. NOVAES, D. C. L. LEE, P. H. FILHO, A. INVESTIGATION Summary Report PACHECODOSSANTOS, and F. J. PONZONI Mar. 1986 13 p 26 May 1986 10 p refs (INPE-3828-NTE/255) Avail: NTlS HC AO2/MF A01 (Contract NSG-5423) This project proposal was submitted by request of the United (NASA-CR-177300; NAS 1.26:177300) Avail: NTlS HC AO2IMF Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). The main A01 CSCLO2F objective is to collect basis forest information for the development, Geobotanical mapping in the southern Appalachians and soil promotion, and utilization of alternative sources of energy through metal associated changes in vegatation spectral responses in the the use of Uruguay's national resources and to define the value reflective and emissive portions of the electromagnetic spectrum of LANDSAT-TM as an aid in efficient management of the country's (EMS) is studied. It is determined whether deciduous forest plantations. An additional objective is to train the Uruguayan vegetation reflection and emission characteristics show detectable technical team. Indications are given as to how each task will be changes that can be related to residual soil characteristics. accomplished and what techniques will be employed in performing Analyses of such related characteristics enhances the ability to main tasks such as: forest mapping and development of map discriminate underlying lithologies as well as variances within legends, map accuracy assessment and forest area correction, lithologies associated with natural heavy metal occurences. An stand timber volume evaluation, field sampling, and mensuration understanding is developed of the factors which contribute to the procedures. Flow diagrams of the overall project, activity bar differing spectral signatures of various lithology/soil types. A diagrams, and list of equipment required for task completion are combination of field data and remote spectral analysis is studied. included. The expected results of the map products and timber E.R. volumes are discussed. Author N86-27704'# Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Dept. of Meteorology. N86-26667# lnstituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF SOIL MOISTURE OVER Campos (Brazil). VEGETATION Final Report, 1 Mar. 1985 - 28 Feb. 1986 WHEAT AREA ESTIMATION USING DIGITAL LANDSAT MSS T. N. CARLSON Jul. 1986 40 p DATA AND AER~ALPHOTOGRAPHS (Contract NAG5184) M. A. MOREIRA, S. C. CHEN, and G. T. BATISTA Mar. 1986 (NASA-CR-177226; NAS 1.26:177226) Avail: NTlS HC A03/MF 28 p Submitted for publication A01 CSCLOSM (INPE-3824-PRE/900) Avail: NTlS HC AO3/MF A01 Modeling of surface energy fluxes was combined with in-situ A procedure to estimate wheat (Triticum aestivum L) area using measurement of surface parameters, specifically the surface sampling technique based on aerial photographs and digital sensible heat flux and the substrate soil moisture. A vegetation LANDSAT MSS data was developed. Aerial photographs covering component was incorporated in the atmospheric/substrate model 720 sq km were visually analyzed. Computer classification of and subsequently showed that fluxes over vegetation can be very LANDSAT MSS data acquired on Sept. 4, 1979 was done using much different than those over bare soil for a given surface-air unsupervised and supervised algorithms and classification results temperature difference. The temperature signatures measured by were spatially filtered using a post-processing technique. To a satellite or airborne radiometer should be interpreted in estimate wheat area, a regression approach was applied using conjunction with surface measurements of modeled parameters. different sample sizes and various sampling units. Based on four Paradoxically, analyses of the large-scale distribution of soil decision criteria proposed in this study, it was concluded that: (1) moisture availability shows that there is a very high correlation as the size of sampling unit decreased, the percentage of sample between antecedent precipitation and inferred surface moisture area required to obtain similar estimation performance also availability, even when no specific vegetation parameterization is decreased; (2) the lowest percentage of the area sampled for used in the boundary layer model. Preparatory work was begun in wheat estimation under established precision and accuracy criteria streamlining the present boundary layer model, developing better through regression estimation was 13.09% using 10 sq km as the algorithms for relating surface temperatures to substrate moisture, sampling unit; and (3) wheat area estimation obtained by regression preparing for participation in the French HAPEX experiment, and estimation was more precise and accurate than those obtained analyzing aircraft microwave and radiometric surface temperature by direct expansion method. Author data for the 1983 French Beauce experiments. B.G.

N86-26674# Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Wageningen (Netherlands). Subfaculteit Wiskunde en 02 Informatica. A MULTllNDEX MULTITEMPORAL APPROACH TO MAP CROPS IN THE EARLY GROWING SEASON: AN APPLICATION TO TWO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AND CULTURAL ITALIAN IRRIGATION DISTRICTS EAST SESIA AND GRANDE RESOURCES BONlFlGA FERRARESE M. S. DOTT and S. AZZALI May 1985 42 p Sponsored by Includes land use analysis, urban and metroplitan studies, European Economic Commission environmental impact, air and water pollution, geographic (ICW-1611; ESA-86-96955) Avail: NTlS HC AO3/MF A01 information systems, and geographic analysis. The feasibility of a method to determine quality, quantity, and type of crops and their water stress by LANDSAT images was tested in two irrigation districts in the Po valley, Italy. In spite of A86-30195 striking misestimates, results are promising, 5 out of 11 crops REMOTE SENSING FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES - A CASE being detected. However, the uncertain number of yearly available STUDY OF TUNISIA images and lack of reference data to tune the method inhibit the A. HAMZA (Ministry of Agriculture, Soils Directorate, Tunis, operational development of this tool. It is emphasized that the Tunisia) International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN feasibility of mapping individual crops by means of LANDSAT-MSS 0143-1161). vol. 7, Feb. 1986, p. 283-286. data is definitely proven in principle. A semioperational use of The use of satellite remote sensing for the technological and such data would provide an opportunity to iron out practical details economic advancement of developing countries is examined. The

15 development of a country is achieved by quantitative and qualitative A86-33643 knowledge of resources, exploitation and management of these RESOURCE MONITORING ORIENTED REMOTE SENSING DATA resources, and control of the resources. Remote sensing data PROCESSING CAPABILITIES are studied in order to evaluate and control the resources of K. STAENZ, E. H. MEIER. 0. R. NUESCH, K. 1. ITTEN, and H. developing nations. The national and international remote sensing HAEFNER (Zuerich, Universitaet, Zurich, Switzerland) IN: 1985 strategies and infrastructures required for developiong countries International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium to successfully employ remote sensing technology are described. (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 Examples of remote-sensing application studies in Tunisia are . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., given. I.F. 1985, p. 1109-1116. refs Digital image processing capabilities of the University of Zurich are demonstrated with particular emphasis on two image analysis systems, called IBIS and DIPS. In addition, an overview is given over the most important projects (research, development, and A86-30974 applications) conducted in the past as well as currently under POSSIBILITY OF SMALL-SCALE PHYSICOGEOGRAPHICAL way. Further needs in connection with the resource monitoring REGIONALIZATION USING SPACE SPECTROMETRY DATA [O tasks are discussed. Author VOZMOZHNOSTI MELKOMASSHTABNOGO FIZIKO-GEO- GRAFICHESKOGO RAlONlROVANllA PO DANNYM KOSMI- CHESKOGO SPEKTROMETRIROVANIIA] A86-365 13 L. 1. KISELEVSKII, 6. 1. BELIAEV, V. E. PLIUTA, and S. G. THE POSSIBILITY OF APPLYING DIFFERENT TYPES OF SlNlAKOVlCH (AN BSSR, lnstitut Fiziki, Minsk, Belorussian SSR) IMAGE-ANALYSIS SOFTWARE TO ENVIRONYENFPROTEC- Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Doklady (ISSN OOO2-3264), vol. 286, no. TlON PROBLEMS [VOZMOZHNOSTI PRIMENENIIA RAZ- NORODNOGO PROGRAMMNOGO OBESPECHENIIA ANALIZA 5, 1986, p. 1236-1240. In Russian. Small scale physicogeographical regionalization has been IZOBRAZHENII DLlA ZADACH OKHRANY OKRUZHAIUSHCHEI demonstrated using Salyut-4 spectrometry data in the 0.4-0.8 SREDY] micron range. The study involved boundary definition according to A. D. KITOV IN: Methods of combined air and space optical-field differences in the case of gradual transitions between remote-sensing studies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel'stvo Nauka, physicogeographic zones. The data analyzed covered forest, 1985, p. 63-69. In Russian. refs forest-steppe, steppe, semiarid, and mountainous areas. B.J. Software-requirements for an environment-protection approach that employs remote monitoring are formulated for the specific example of pollutant emissions from power plants. Information on existing image-processing software is presented, and the applicability of this software to environment protection is ~86-32537 discussed. B.J. DETECTING DESERT LOCUST BREEDING GROUNDS IN THE SAHEL WITH SATELLITE DATA A86-37011 P. V. RlGTERlNK (Computer Sciences Corp., Silver Spring, MD) A MEASURING REFERENCE SYSTEM TO QUANTIFY THE IN: EASCON '85: National space strategy - A progress report; DESERTIFICATION PROCESS IN A SEMIARID ECOSYSTEM Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Electronics and Aerospace BASEDON LANDSATMSSDATA Systems Conference, Washington, DC, October 28-30, 1985 . New J. C. DE LA TORRE, J. H. SASSER, and J. LIRA (Direccion General York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, de Geografia, Mexico City, Mexico) IN: Machine processing of p. 141-143. refs remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor The problem of detecting desert locust breeding grounds in systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh the Sahel region of Africa with satellite data is reviewed. Early International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN. June 25-27, 1985 . information demonstrated the feasibility of a variety of techniques New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, which were only marginally cost-effective. Recently, a number of p. 112-121. refs scientists have realized that the AVHRR sensor on the NOAA Landsat MSS data of a 3600 sq km test site in Mexico, collected series of satellites will provide appropriate data at a reasonable over a 9 years period, are used to evaluate the state and rate of price. This paper will describe various techniques for processing change of desertification. A desertification model is derived from these data and recommend an approach for future data the mean albedo and mean information content of the target processing. Author system. The applicability of the model is verified in three experiments. The first experiment simulated the process of desertification by analyzing a 64 x 64 pixel window, the second utilized a set of 64 x 64 pixel windows, and the third experiment A86-33595 tested the capability of the model to measure the state and APPROACHES TO COMPUTER REASONING IN REMOTE progression of desertification. It is observed that albedo and SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION PROCESSING - information content are important indicators of desertification. A SURVEY I.F. P. H. SWAIN (Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium A86-38677 (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE [OKRUZHAIUSHCHAIA SREDA . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., I KLIMAT] 1985, p. 687-692. refs K. IA. KONDRATEV Leningrad, Obshchestvo Znanie RSFSR. (Contract NSF ECS-84-00324) 1985, 32 p. In Russian. refs A survey is given of a number of approaches to computerized The book is concerned with the effect of the pollution of the reasoning which have been or might be applied to multi-attribute atmosphere, water basins, and soil on global climate. It is shown geographic data. Possible low level reasoning methods include: that the most significant changes in climate are associated with the stacked vector approach, source-specific prior probabilities and an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide and other a generalization of that approach by Swain et al. (1985). and a optically active small gas components. The increasing carbon contextual classification method. An expert system for change dioxide concentration contributes to the greenhouse effect, leading detection represents a possible implementation of higher level to a general warming of the climate. The discussion also covers reasoning. Possible future directions that such research might take space-based observations of environmental changes, global are indicated. D.H. ecological monitoring, and the climate of planets. V.L.

16 N86-24034# Army Cold Regions Test Center, APO Seattle, Wash. N86-26675# Geological Survey, Reston, Va. National Mapping 98733. Div. VEGETATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS OF THE RESEARCH, INVESTIGATIONS AND TECHNICAL PRUDHOE BAY REGION, ALASKA DEVELOPMENTS NATIONAL MAPPING PROGRAM, D. A. WALKER Sep. 1985 238 p 1983-1984 (AD-A162022; CRREL-85-14) Avail: NTlS HC A11/MF A01 R. 6. MCEWEN 1985 134 p CSCL 06C (PB86-166097; USGS-OFR-85-304) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF The following topics are discussed: description of the region A01 CSCL 088 (topography, geology, climate, soils, wildlife, oil-field facilities, Subject areas covered are cartography, photogrammetry and environmental impacts); microscale gradients; plant communities surveying, image mapping, remote sensing, land use and land along the major microscale gradients, aerial analysis of vegetation cover mapping, and geographic information systems. The influence and other geobotanical units, influence of microscale patterns on of digital cartographic concepts is found throughout and is leading soil factors and individual plant taxa; mesoscale gradients; not only to the automation of map making but to the computer macroscale gradients; floristic analysis; growth of salix lanata along analysis of spatial data, the essence of modern geographic the summer temperature gradient; annotated plant checklist for information systems. There are several activities of special interest. the Prudhoe Bay region; environmental and species data for the These include the 1:1OO,OOO-scale digital cartographic data base, permanent study plots; environmental and vegetation data the LANDSAT Thematic Mapper image map of Great Salt Lake summaries for all stand types; supplementary floristic data. GRA and Vicinity, the successful testing of the Aerial Profiling of Terrain System, several applications of geographic information systems, and publication of the first chapters of the National Gazetteer of N86-25036# EG and G Energy Measurements, Inc., Las Vegas, the United States. GRA Nev. COMPREHENSIVE INTEGRATED REMOTE SENSING FOR US DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY APPLICATIONS L. R. TINNEY and J. G. LACKEY 1985 10 p refs Presented at the International Conference on Man's Role in Changing the Global Environment, Venice, Italy, 21 Oct. 1985 (Contract DE-AC08-83NV-10282) (DE86-002101; EGG-10282-1 096; CONF-8510222-1) Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF A01 A major remote sensing program of the Department of Energy (DOE) is described and examples of processed data are presented. The program is termed Comprehensive Integrated Remote Sensing, or CIRS, and involves equipment and personnel of the DOE Remote Sensing Laboratory. Data is being collected to support environmental and emergency response functions for large DOE sites. Integration of the data is being enhanced by implementation of a geographic information system. DOE

N86-26669"# Kansas Univ. Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence. N86-27788"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Space Technology Center. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. RESEARCH ON ENHANCING THE UTILIZATION OF DIGITAL TRANSPORT PROCESSES AS MANIFESTED IN SATELLITE MULTISPECTRAL DATA AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND LIDAR AEROSOL MEASUREMENTS SYSTEMS IN GLOBAL HABITABILITY STUDIES Final Report, M. P. MCCORMICK In International Council of Scientific Unions 1985-1986 Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18 1 p Dec. 1985 E. A. MARTINKO and J. W. MERCHANT Feb. 1986 60 p Avail: NTlS HC A23/MF A01; also available from SCOSTEP Sponosred in part by the Kansas Fish and Game Commission Secretariat, Illinois Univ., 1406 West Green Street, Urbana, 111. (Contract NGL-17-004-024) 61801 CSCL 04A (NASA-CR-177294; NAS 1.26:177294) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF A large increase in stratospheric aerosol data has become A01 CSCLO5B available recently from the SAM II and SAGE satellite sensors The University of Kansas Applied Remote Sensing (KARS) and the impetus from increased volcanic perturbations. Six years program is engaged in a continuing long term research and of SAM II and nearly 3 years of SAGE measurements have been development effort designed to reveal and facilitate new accumulated. The increase in large volcanic eruptions since 1979 applications of remote sensing technology for decision makers in has caused an acceleration of new data sets from worldwide lidars governmental agencies and private firms. Some objectives of the and airborne lidar campaigns and from various airborne in situ program follows. The development of new modes of analyzing measurements. The SAM II and SAGE data sets show the tropical multispectral scanner, aerial camera, thermal scanner, and radar stratosphere as a source for background stratospheric aerosols, data, singly or in concert in order to more effectively use these and midlatitudes as a possible sink. Analyses of SAM II data systems. Merge data derived from remote sensing with data derived show that the aerosol within the northern wintertime polar vortex from conventional sources in geographic information systems to becomes isolated from the outside. Subsidence occurs within the facilitate better environmental planning. Stimulation of the vortex, changing the vertical aerosol distribution over the winter application of the products of remote sensing systems to problems period. SAM II and SAGE data show that the aerosol is transported of resource management and environmental quality now being in the stratosphere from low to high latitudes in wintertime. Entry addressed in NASA's Global Habitability directive. The application regions of tropospheric air in the Tropics are also evident in the of remote sensing techniques and analysis and geographic SAGE data as shown by stratospheric cirrus clouds being formed information systems technology to the solution of significant well above the local tropopause. Nature has provided over the concerns of state and local officials and private industry. The past 5 years a number of large volcanic eruptions which spewed guidance, assistance and stimulation of faculty, staff and students tons of new aerosol into the stratosphere. These eruptions have in the utilization of information from the Earth Resources Satellite occurred at various latitudes which allow transport differences to (LANDSAT) and Aircraft Programs of NASA in research, education, be studied. Satellite and lidar aerosol data will be used to describe and public service activities carried at the University of Kansas. the stratospheric motions of aerosols produced after these violet E.R. volcanic eruptions. Author

17 03 GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY

03 data are analyzed to investigate: (1) single band geometric integrity, (2) 30 m resolution interband registration; (3) image to image GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY conformity; (4) image to ground conformity; and (5) image projective geometry conformity to a mapped earth geometry. The procedures used to study these characteristics are described. The data reveal Includes mapping and topography. that Landsat TM digital data met or exceed map accuracy standards for horizontal control. I.F. A86-33516' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., A86-37795' ARCO Oil and Gas Co., Dallas, Tex. Pasadena. STRUCTURE OF THE SOUTHERN RIO GRANDE RIFT FROM TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING FROM INTERFEROMETRIC GRAVITY INTERPRETATION SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR OBSERVATIONS P. H. DAGGETT (ARCO Oil and Gas Co., Exploration and H. A. ZEBKER and R. GOLDSTEIN (California Institute of M. Production Research Dept., Plano, TX), G. R. KELLER, C.-L. WEN Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: 1985 (Texas, University, El Paso), and P. MORGAN (Lunar and Planetary International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Institute, Houston, TX; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN) (IGARSS '85). Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 91, May . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 10, 1986, p. 6157-6167. refs 1985, p. 113-117. refs (Contract NSF EAR-70-25371; NASW-3389) Interferometric SAR observations are a basis for the generation Regional Bouguer gravity anomalies in southern New Mexico of high resolution topographic maps of a region through the have been analyzed by two-dimensional wave number filtering and interpretation of interference fringes. The combination of height, poly-nomial trend surface analysis of the observed gravity field. A along-track, and slant range measurements is sufficient for prominent, regional oval-shaped positive gravity anomaly was found rectification of the radar imagery for cartographic applications, in to be associated with the southern Rio Grande rift. Computer addition to furnishing an accurate determination of the scene modeling of three regional gravity profiles suggests that this topography. Topographic maps have been derived on the basis of anomaly is due to crustal thinning beneath the southern Rio Grande data recorded by both aircraft and Seasat-A satellite radars. A rift. These models indicate a 25 to 26-km minimum crustal thickness comparison of the maps obtained with US. Geological Survey within the rift and suggest that the rift is underlain by a broad Contour maps indicates a high degree of correlation between two zone of anomalously low-density upper mantle. The southern sets of altitude data. O.C. terminus of the anomalous zone is approximately 50 km southwest of El Paso, Texas. A thinning of the rifted crust of 2-3 km relative A86-36099* Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., to the adjacent Basin and Range province indicates an extension Pasadena. of about 9 percent during the formation of the modern southern TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING FROM INTERFEROMETRIC Rio Grande rift. This extension estimate is consistent with estimates SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR OBSERVATIONS from other data sources. The crustal thinning and anomalous H. A. ZEBKER and R. M. GOLDSTEIN (California Institute of mantle is thought to result from magmatic activity related to surface Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena) Journal of volcanism and high heat flow in this area. Author Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 91, April 10, 1986. p. 4993-4999. NASA-supported research. Previously announced in A86-37797* Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y. STAR as N86-10622. refs EVIDENCE OF ONGOING CRUSTAL DEFORMATION RELATED The production of high-resolution topographic maps derived TO MAGMATIC ACTIVITY NEAR SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO from interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations of the S. LARSEN, L. BROWN (Cornell University, Ithaca, NY), and R. earth is reported. Topographic maps are typically determined from RElLlNGER (USAF, Geophysics Laboratory, Bedford, MA) Journal stereo-pair optical photographs. Vertical relief causes the same of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 91, May 10, 1986, terrain to appear in a slightly different projection for differing look p. 6283-6292. refs angles, and this shifl in appearance is interpreted in terms of the (Contract USGS-14-08-0001-20585; NAS5-27232; NAS5-27339) height of the terrain. The radar interferometric approach is related Leveling measurements conducted in 1980-1981 by the National to the stereo technique in that the terrain is viewed at two different Geodetic Survey in the Socorro area of the Rio Grande rift are angles; however, in this case, the angular separation of the analyzed. Crustal uplift related to magma inflation in the midcrustal antennas is extremely small, on the order of a milliradian or less, magma body is detected; an uplift of 0.18 cm/yr is measured for as compared to tens of degrees for the optical case. Thus, the the time between 1951-1 980. The survey data of 1911 and 1959 geometrical distortion and subsequent rectification correction are compared to the present data and good correlation is observed. algorithms are much less severe in the reduction of interferometric The systematic leveling errors including height-dependence and data. R.J.F. refraction errors are studied. The 30-km-wide subsidence in the area is examined. The spatial correlation between seismic activity, A86-37024' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., the Socorro magma body, and crustal deformation in Socorro is Pasadena. investigated.The crustal movement from magma reservior activities LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER GEODETIC ACCURACY - is modeled using the formulations of Dieterich and Decker (1975). IMPLICATIONS FOR GEOCODED MAP COMPATIBILITY The modeling of the deformation reveals that the movement in N. A. BRYANT, A. L. ZOBRIST, R. E. WALKER, and B. the Socorro area is associated with the 19-km deep Socorro magma GOKHMANN (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion body. I.F. Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and N86-26741*# Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge. Dept. analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Studies. Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, PLATE MOTIONS AND DEFORMATIONS FROM GEOLOGIC AND Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. GEODETIC DATA Semiannual Report, 1 Aug. 1984 - 31 Dec. 228-237. refs 1985 (Contract NAS7-918) T. H. JORDAN 30 Jun. 1986 53 p The geodetic accuracy and geometric fidelity of corrected (Contract NAG5-459) thematic mapper (TM) imagery are evaluated. The positional (NASA-CR-177299; NAS 1.26:i 77299) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF accuracy requirements for the TM are for a single band to within A01 CSCL08G 0.5 pixels of true earth-surface locations at any point over 90 Research effort on behalf of the Crustal Dynamics Project percent of the image and for interband registration to within 0.3 focused on the development of methodologies suitable for the pixel tolerance over 90 percent of the data. Landsat 4 and 5 TM analysis of space-geodetic data sets for the estimation of crustal

18 04 GEOLOGY AND MiNERAL RESOURCES motions, in conjunction with results derived from land-based 04 geodetic data, neo-tectonic studies, and other geophysical data. These methodologies were used to provide estimates of both global GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES plate motions and intraplate deformation in the western U.S. Results from the satellite ranging experiment for the rate of change of the baseline length between San Diego and Quincy, California indicated Includes mineral deposits, petroleum deposits, spectral properties that relative motion between the North American and Pacific plates of rocks, geological exploration, and lithology. over the course of the observing period during 1972 to 1982 were consistent with estimates calculated from geologic data averaged over the past few million years. This result, when A86-30189 combined with other kinematic constraints on western US. USE OF SEASAT SAR IMAGERY FOR GEOLOGICAL MAPPING deformation derived from land-basedgeodesy, neo-tectonic studies, IN A VOLCANIC TERRAIN - ASKJA CALDERA, ICELAND and other geophysical data, places limits on the possible extension J. S. MACKENZIE (Imperial College of Science and Technology, of the Basin and Range province, and implies significant London, England) and P. S. RINGROSE (Strathclyde, University, deformation is occurring west of the San Andreas fault. A new Glasgow, Scotland) International Journal of Remote Sensing methodology was developed to analyze vector-position (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, Feb. 1986, p. 181-194. Research space-geodetic data to provide estimates of relative vector motions supported by the University of Edinburgh and Royal Aircraft of the observing sites. The algorithm is suitable for the reduction Establishment. of large, inhomogeneous data sets, and takes into account the Nine distinct surface types have been identified by comparison full position covariances, errors due to poorly resolved Earth of Seasat SAR imagery with field observations in the Askja Caldera orientation parameters and vertical positions, and reduces baises region of central Iceland. A map of radargeological surface type due to inhomogeneous sampling of the data. This methodology is presented, together with field descriptions and discussion of was applied to the problem of estimating the rate-scaling parameter the influence of the surface types on radar signal return. Surface of a global plate tectonic model using satellite laser ranging relief, surface roughness and clast size were found to have the observations over a five-year interval. The results indicate that greatest importance for image interpretation. Author the mean rate of global plate motions for that interval are consistent with those averaged over several million years, and are not consistent with quiescent or greatly accelerated plate motions. This methodology was also used to provide constraints on deformation in the western U.S. using very long baseline interferometry observations over a two-year period. M.G.

A06-32680 FEATURES OF THE GEOLOGICAL APPLICATION OF SPACE DATA [OSOBENNOSTI GEOLOGICHESKOGO PRlMENENllA KOSMICHESKOI INFORMATSII] V. G. TRIFONOV (AN SSSR, Geologicheskii Institut, Moscow, N86-26745# Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Dept. of Geodetic USSR) and S. S. SHULTS (Vsesoiuznyi Geologicheskii Institut, Science and Surveying. Leningrad, USSR) lssledovanie Zemli iz Kosmosa (ISSN THE STUDY OF GRAVITY FIELD ESTIMATION PROCEDURES 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 32-42. In Russian. refs Final Report, 22 Dec. 1981 - 30 Jun. 1985 The information content of spectral signatures is compared to R. H. RAPP Sep. 1985 12 p refs that of geometric signatures with reference to the study of (Contract F19628-82-K-0022) geological formations on the basis of space remote-sensing (AD-Al64564; AFGL-TR-85-0278) Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF A01 imagery. The geometric signature of an object includes its shape, CSCL 08E structure, and position with respect to other objects on space The research described includes the use of high degree imagery. Geological formations are characterized by the fact that potential coefficient expansions, vertical datum corrections, they are better interpreted by geometric than spectral signature. improved gravity fields from satellite altimetry, the computation of This calls for a special geology-oriented methodology for the the gravity vector in space and the use of digital terrain models application of space data. B.J. for gravimetric computations. GRA

N86-27833'# Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge. Dept. A86-32681 of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences. INTERPRETATION OF RING STRUCTURES ON SPACE IMAGES PLATE MOTIONS AND DEFORMATIONS FROM GEOLOGIC AND AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH GEOPHYSICAL FIELDS AND GEODETIC DATA Semiannual Report, 1 Aug. 1983 - 31 Dec. CRUSTAL STRUCTURE IN THE USSR [DESHIFRIROVANIE 1985 KOL'TSEVYKH STRUKTUR NA KOSMICHESKIKH SNIMKAKH I T. H. JORDAN 1986 53 p IKH KORELlATSllA S GEOFlZlCHESKlMl POLlAMl I (Contract NAG5-459) STROENIEM ZEMNOI KORY TERRlTORll SSSR] (NASA-CR-177313; NAS 1.26:177313) Avail: NTlS HC AO4/MF A. T. ZVEREV and IA. G. KATS (Moskovskii Gosudarstvennyi A01 CSCL08E Universitet, Moscow, USSR) lssledovanie Zemli iz Kosmosa (ISSN A satellite laser ranging experiment conducted by NASA since 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 43-50. In Russian. refs 1972 has measured the relative motion between the North America Identified ring structures in the USSR are correlated with and Pacific plates in California. Based on these measurements, geological and geophysical features as well as with the associated the 896-km distance between San Diego and Quincy, California, lithospheric characteristics. The correlation analysis indicates that is shortening at 62 + or - 9 mm/yr. This geodetic estimate is the ring structures are deep-lying and have a long evolutionary consistent with the rate of motion between the two plates, history. In addition, they are found to exhibit a higher concentration calculated from geological data to be 53 + or - 3 mm/yr averaged in areas with a thinner and older crust, a higher rock density, and over the past few million years. Author a stronger heat flux. B.J.

19 A86-32682 photogaphs of raised relief maps of the Appalachians. These maps APPLICATION OF SPACE IMAGERY TO THE IDENTIFICATION provide a filter, leaving only the most prominent and well developed AND GEOLOGICAL-GEOPHYSICAL STUDY OF HIDDEN topographic linears as a subset of the many classes of linear PLUTONS IN EARLY PROTEROZOIC TROUGHS features that are imbedded in a typical Landsat or radar image. [ISPOL'ZOVANIE KOSMICHESKIKH SNIMKOV PRI VYlAVLENll Six different mosaics of these maps were produced, illuminated I GEOLOGO-GEOFIZICHESKOM IZUCHENII SKRYTYKH from six different azimuths. Data analyses involved automatic fitting PLUTONOV V RANNEPROTEROZOISKIKH TROGAKH] of Gaussian peaks to azimuth-frequency histograms. The origins D. M. TROFIMOV, N. A. STRAKHOVA, V. A. BOGOSLOVSKII, E. of the local lineament domains obtained, which represent regional B. ILINA, V. A. KAZANTSEV (Moskovskii Gosudarstvennyi or subregional scale features, and as such must have been created Universitet, Moscow, USSR) et al. lssledovanie Zemli iz Kosmosa by paleostress fields of at least comparable size, are discussed. (ISSN 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 51-56. In Russian. IS. Space imagery was used to identify and examine hidden plutons in the early Proterozoic troughs of the central Kursk Magnetic Anomaly. It is shown that intersections of faults identified on space images are related to sulfide mineralization. It is noted that the method used can be applied to mineral prospecting in the sedimentary cover basement. B.J. A86-33519 A86-32690 A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF LANDSAT MSS AND TM DATA COMPUTER-AIDED INTERPRETATION OF SPACE IMAGES IN THE LEVACK AREA, SUDBURY, CANADA WITH THE AIM OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS [AVTOMATIZIRO- J. K. HORNSBY (Intera Technologies, Ltd., Calgary, Canada) and VANNOE DESHIFRIROVANIE KOSMICHESKIKH SNIMKOV S B. BRUCE (Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa, Canada) TSEL'IU STRUKTURNOGO ANALIZA] IN: 1985 InternationalGeoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium N. V. KORONOVSKII, A. A. ZLATOPOLSKII, and G. N. (IGARSS '85),Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 IVANCHENKO (Moskovskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet; . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, InC., Proizvodstvennoe Geologicheskoe Ob'edinenie Aerogeologiia, 1985, p. 131-140. refs Moscow, USSR) lssledovanie Zemli iz Kosmosa (ISSN The results of preliminary digital analysis of Landsat's MSS 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 11 1-1 18. In Russian. and TM imagery is presented for lineament and lithologic Landsat imagery of the eastern Caucasus was interpreted using interpretation in the copper-nickel producing Levack area of the special-purpose computer programs to facilitate the structural Sudbury Basin in Canada. The digital analysis methodology involves analysis of the region. Some of the linear elements identified were the production of a series of band combination enhancements rejected, while others were combined into lineament zones. Most and classification products, used as the bases for comparative of the lineaments were found to coincide with those identified by visual geological interpretation and feature compilation, The results visual interpretation. It is noted that the proposed method can be of the study indicated that the MSS and TM data show more used for the quick-look assessment of tectonic deformations. geologic structure within the study area than was previously B.J. mapped. Both types of data allow the interpretation of the same major structures, but the TM data reveal more curvilinear and A86-33517 linear features than the MSS data, offer greater detail at points of PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING IN PERIGLACIAL intersection, and provide a more continuous record of a particular GEOMORPHOLOGY linear across an image. Both the MSS and TM were capable of W. G. HOWLAND (Middlebury College, VT) IN: 1985 International discriminating the major lithologic units of the Sudbury Igneous Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Complex, felsic intrusives, and the metavolcanic-metasedimentaw Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, belt to the north. Although the TM data display greater spectral Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. variability and provide a more detailed classification, the MSS data 119-1 24. yield consistent results and would likely be more cost effective Remote sensing and photogrammetry are seldom effectively for large area reconnaissance. IS. applied in geomorphic research. However, instruments, imagery and techniques, which have recently become far more accessible than previously, can provide a quantitative basis for the assessment of terrain morphology, and greatly aid the analysis of geomorphic processes. This paper describes the use of existing technology in ways that directly aid in geomorphic research, and provides an example concerning an Arctic study area. The first part (A) of the A86-33520 paper discusses techniques in the general context of LINEAMENT ANALYSIS IN A TEST AREA OF NORTHERN geomorphology, while the second part (B) shows, with a case MOZAMBIQUE study, the applicability of these techniques. Author M. POSCOLlERl and S. SALVl (CNR, lstituto di Astrofisica Spaziale, Frascati, Italy) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote A86-33518 Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, TOPOGRAPHIC LINEAMENT DOMAINS OF THE 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and APPALACHIANS - SOME NEW METHODS AND TECHNIQUES Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 141-146. refs FOR PALEOSTRESS ANALYSIS Lineament analysis for a test area in northern Mozambique, is D. U. WISE, L. T. GRADY (Massachusetts, University, Amherst), presented. The lineaments have been interpreted from a Landsat and F. SALVlNl (Pisa, Universita, Italy) IN: 1985 International 2 picture and then digitized. A procedure was developed, based Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85). on statistical and analytical methods, for processing large amount Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, of linear data sets, in which the numerical matrices representing Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. the areal density of the structural domains are displayed by contour 125-130. line maps. These maps allow the identification of regional structural The method of Wise et al. (1985) for the analysis of geologic trends suitable for mineral exploration and may be utilized as a lineaments on remotely sensed images is applied to the check for the precision of the existing geological maps derived by Appalachian chain. The technique emphasizes subparallel other methods. The results of a comparison of the contour maps lineament swarms and their map domains rather than individual with the geological map and the map of the mining districts are lines. The basic data are derived from mosaics of side-lighted discussed. . I.S.

20 04 GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

A86-33521' Brown Univ., Providence, R. I. A86-33552' Brown Univ., Providence, R. I. SPECTROSCOPY OF MOSES ROCK DIKE USING REMOTE STRUCTURE OF TERRESTRIAL IMPACT CRATERS FROM SENSING SIR-B RADAR DATA - PRELIMINARY RESULTS J. F. MUSTARD and C. M. PIETERS (Brown University, Providence, P. C. FISHER, J. W. HEAD (Brown University, Providence, RI), S. RI) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing H. ZlSK (Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA), R. A. F. GRIEVE Symposium (IGARSS '85),Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. (Department of Energy, Mines, and Resources, Earth Physics Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Branch, Ottawa, Canada), and K. SULLIVAN (NASA, Johnson Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 147-152. refs Space Center, Houston, TX) IN: 1985 International Geoscience (Contract NASW-4048) and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '854, Amherst, MA, Zeiss IR-photographs, NS0001 (TM simulator) and airborne October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of imaging spectrometer (AIS) data were obtained for the Moses Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 376, 377. Rock kimberlite dike in southern Utah to identify and characterize The structure in and around the Charlevoix and Deep Bay the distinctive mafic mineralogy of the dike as well as the impact craters was analyzed by comparing SIR-B radar image surrounding sedimentary rocks. The Zeiss and NS001 images lineament maps with maps derived from Landsat data and aerial provide information on the regional setting and allow units of the photography. Relationships revealed include the discovery in the dike to be distinguished from the sediments. The AIS data are Deep Bay lineament distribution of a mode, of slightly different narrow images obtained in 128 near-infrared channels and provide location and size to that determined by aerial photography, which characterizing information on the surface composition through. correlates with the regional glacial trend. The Deep Bay regional Three distinct spectroscopic units were found which have been glacial trend displays a much more prominent signature in the tentatively identified as serpentized olivine-bearing soils found in aerial photography than in the radar data, confirming the influence the dike and two types of gypsum bearing soils found in the of radar look direction on the interpretation of lineament distribution surrounding sedimentary soils. Author and orientation. Effects from the impact event are noted in the radar images of both craters, with lineaments of one km or less appearing to be associated with the rim structure. R.R. A86-33550' Hawaii Univ., Honolulu. PRELIMINARY GEOLOGIC ANALYSES OF SIR-B RADAR DATA A86-33592' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., FOR HAWAII Pasadena. L. R. GADDIS, P. J. MOUGINIS-MARK (Hawaii, University, WHAT ARE THE BEST RADAR WAVELENGTHS, INCIDENCE Honolulu), V. H. KAUPP, H. C. MACDONALD, and W. P. WAITE ANGLES AND POLARIZATIONS FOR GEOLOGIC (Arkansas, University, Fayetteville) IN: 1985 International APPLICATIONS? A STATISTICAL APPROACH Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), R. BLOM (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Laboratory, Pasadena; California, University, Santa Barbara), L. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. SCHENCK, and R. ALLEY (California Institute of Technology, Jet 364-369. refs Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: 1985 International (Contract JPL-956925) Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), A number of distinct topographic and textural units were Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, discerned on SIR-B radar images of the KilaueaIKau Desert area. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. The SIR-B enhanced large-scale topographic features, such as 659-664. NASA-sponsored research. the Kahuku Pali and the Koae Faults (both oriented towards the Linear discriminant analysis of multifrequency and radar antenna), while it was unable to detect features facing away rnultipolarization radar scatterometer data of lava flows and from the radar antenna such as the Hilina and Kaoiki Pali. Textural sedimentary rocks indicates that the lava flows can be separated units which were identified on the SIR-B images include aa flows by age and the sedimentary rocks can be discriminated from one of various ages, and several pyroclastic units. The extreme surface another. The optimum wavelengths, polarizations and incidence roughness of aa flows produced high radar returns on both the angles among those available for these problems was determined 28 deg and 48 deg SIR-B data sets. In contrast, pahoehoe flows by the discriminant analysis program. For separation of the lava produced smooth, low return units which were difficult to distinguish flows, shorter wavelengths, smaller incidence angles and horizontal from surrounding radar-dark materials. It is suggested that multilook polarization are best. A SIR-C radar configuration could provide direction data, acquired at steeper incidence angles during a reflight nearly complete discrimination of these lava flows. Conversely, of SIR-B, may aid in the further identification of pahoehoe flows the longer wavelengths, larger incidence angles and vertical and subtle topographic features. K.K. polarization was preferred for sedimentary rocks, perhaps due to the slight vegetation cover. Satisfactory classification of A86-33551 Sedimentary rocks requires more radar data than for the lavas. INTRODUCTORY ANALYSES OF SIR-B RADAR DATA FOR These results are potentially useful both for radar system HAWAII configuration and for geological applications. The method B. A. DERRYBERRY, V. H. KAUPP, H. C. MACDONALD, W. P. developed here may provide a rationale for user specification of WAITE (Arkansas, University, Fayetteville), L. R. GADDIS (Hawaii, imaging system parameters. Author University, Honolulu) et al. IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, A86-33593 October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of ANALYSIS OF L-BAND MULTIPOLARIZATION RADAR IAMGES Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 370-375. FOR LAVA FLOW MAPPING Two synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the Kilauea V. H. KAUPP, R. E. CHILTON, H. C. MACDONALD, W. P. WAITE Volcano/Kau Desert were obtained and used, together with surface (Arkansas, University, Fayetteville), L. R. GADDIS (Hawaii, roughness measurements, to model the interaction between an University, Honolulu) et al. IN: 1985 International Geoscience incident wave and a volcanic surface. An analysis relating lava and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, flow type and age was performed using Shuttle imaging radar October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of (SIR-B) data. Mean, variance, and histogram were used to Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 669-675. refs discriminate between aa and pahoehoe surfaces of differing ages. Multipolarization radar iamges of the Medicine Lake Highland, It was demonstrated that the extreme roughness and blockiness CA, area were obtained in support of the SIR-B (Shuttle imaging of aa flows produce both distinctively high returns on radar images radar) program by the JPL aircraft SAR (synthetic aperture radar). and histograms characteristic of nonideal scattering surfaces. These images have been evaluated in an attempt to determine Pahoehoe flows, by contrast, are smooth low-return features, which the influences of polarization on lava flow mapping. Images of all are difficult to distinguish from surrounding radar-dark materials, four polarizations (HH, HV, VH, and W) of the region were available. and appear to be nerly ideal scattering surfaces. K.K. In studying nine flows, the W images provided the best

21 04 GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES discrimination in almost all cases. A color composite created from content of TV images obtained in remote-sensing studies of Siberia; the HH, W. and VH images was evaluated for each scene, and the remote sensing of transition zones of the junction of Siberian despite range tonal variations it is seen that discrimination of flows platforms and orogens; a combined approach to oil and gas is accomplished more easily using the composites. The incremental exploration in the southern Permsk region; the application of value of the cross polarized return cannot be evaluated with this image-analysis software to environment-protection problems; and small amount of data, and a more extensive study is needed. the choice of spectral bands for a spaceborne multispectral D.H. scanner. B.J.

A86-35676 STATISTICAL LINEAMENT ANALYSIS IN SOUTH GREENLAND BASED ON LANDSAT IMAGERY K. CONRADSEN (Danmarks Tekniske Hojskole, Lyngby, Denmark), A86-36502 G. NILSSON (Telelogic AB, Malmo, Sweden), and T. THYRSTED PROBLEMS AND PRINCIPLES OF THE GEOLOGICAL (Gronlands Geologiske Undersogelse, Copenhagen. Denmark) INTERPRETATION OF REMOTE-SENSING DATA [PROBLEMY (International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium I PRlNTSlPY GEOLOGICHESKOI INTERPRETATSII IIGARSS ‘841: From Research toward Operational Use, REZUL‘TATOV DESHlFRlROVANllA DISTANTSIONNYKH Strasbourg, France, Aug. 27-30, 1984) IEEE Transactions on MATERIALOV] Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 01 96-2892), vol. GE-24, D. M. TROFIMOV IN: Methods of combined air and space May 1986, p. 313-321. refs remote-sensing studies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, Linear features, mapped visually from MSS channel-7 1985, p. 5-8. In Russian. photoprints (1:1,000,000) of Landsat images from South Greenland, Principles of the multilevel geological interpretation of aerial were digitized and analyzed statistically. A sinusoidal curve was and space remote-sensing data are examined. The interpretation fitted to the frequency distribution which was then divided into ten is based on the spatial correlation of remote-sensing images of significant classes of azimuthal trends. Maps showing the density geological objects observed on photographs, as well as on the of linear features for each of the ten classes indicate that many basis of geological-geophysical data, taking the density of initial of the classes are distributed in zones defined by elongate maxima information into account. The interpretation involves successive or rows of maxima. In cases where the elongate maxima and the approximation to the object, generating the remote-sensing or linear feature direction of the class in question are parallel, a landscape image from top to bottom, from the more studied to zone of major crustal discontinuity is inferred. In the area the less studied ’horizons’ of the earth crust. B.J. investigated, such zones coincide with geochemical boundaries and graben structures, and the intersections of some zones seem to control intrusion sites. In cases where there is no parallelism between the elongate maxima and the linear feature direction, an en echelon pattern of the lineaments may be inferred. Author A86-36503 A86-36083’ Kansas Univ., Lawrence. COMBINED STRUCTURAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL GEOLOGICAL MAPPING POTENTIAL OF METHODS FOR THE PROCESSING OF AERIAL AND SPACE COMPUTER-ENHANCED IMAGES FROM THE SHUlTLE PHOTOGRAPHIC REMOTE-SENSING DATA WITH THE AIM OF IMAGING RADAR - LISBON VALLEY ANTICLINE, UTAH SOLVING GEOLOGICAL PROBLEMS [KOMPLEKSNYE J. D. CURLIS, V. S. FROST, and L. F. DELLWIG (Kansas, University, STRUKTURNO-GEOMORFOLOGICHESKIE METODY Lawrence) Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing OBRABOTKI AEROKOSMICHESKOI FOTOlNFORMATSll DLlA (ISSN 0099-1112), vol. 52, April 1986, p. 525-532. Research RESHENllA GEOLOGICHESKIKH ZADACH] supported by Phillips Petroleum Go., American Association of L. K. ZIATKOVA IN: Methods of combined air and space Petroleum Geologists, and University of Kansas. refs remote-sensingstudies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, (Contract JPL-954946) 1985, p. 9-19. In Russian. refs Computer-enhancement techniques applied to the SIR-A data The paper examines aspects of the development of a combined from the Lisbon Valley area in the northern portion of the Paradox system for the instrumented, automated processing of aerial and basin increased the value of the imagery in the development of space remote-sensing data with the aim of recognizing various geologically useful maps. The enhancement techniques include types of tectonic and seismic structures and exploring for fossil filtering to remove image speckle from the SIR-A data and fuels and ore deposits. The approach used involves the combining these data with Landsat multispectral scanner data. A identification of the interpretation features and morphometric method well-suited for the combination of the data sets utilized a characteristics connected with water divides and river basins. three-dimensional domain defined by intensity-hue-saturation(IHS) B.J. coordinates. Such a system allows the Landsat data to modulate image intensity, while the SIR-A data control image hue and saturation. Whereas the addition of Landsat data to the SIR-A image by means of a pixel-by-pixel ratio accentuated textural variations within the image, the addition of color to the combined A86-36504 images enabled isolation of areas in which gray-tone contrast was INVESTIGATION OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE - A NEW minimal. This isolation resulted in a more precise definition of CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRUCTURAL stratigraphic units. Author GEOMORPHOLOGY [ ISSLEDOVANIIA ZEMLI I2 KOSMOSA - NOVYI VKLAD V RAZVlTlE STRUKTURNOI GEOMORFOLOGII] A86-36501 A. P. KULAKOV IN: Methods of combined air and space METHODS OF COMBINED AIR AND SPACE REMOTE-SENSING remote-sensing studies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, STUDIES OF SIBERIA [METODY KOMPLEKSNYKH 1985, p. 19-22. In Russian. refs AEROKOSMICHESKIKH ISSLEDOVANII SIBIRI] It is noted that space remote-sensing data have produced a L. K. ZIATKOVA, ED. Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1985, 96 ’revolution’ in morphostructural studies, and have led to a number p. In Russian. For individual items see A86-36502 to A86-36518. of new ideas in the area of morphological analysis and synthesis. The use of remote-sensing techniques to solve geological In particular, the ubiquitous development on the earth of problems is considered along with the computer-aided processing morphostructures of a central type, with diameters up to several of remote-sensing images. Particular consideration is given to the thousand kilometers, has been established. In addition, previously contribution of remote sensing to the development of structural undetected transregional fault zones (lineaments) have been geomorphology; the quantitative assessment of the information observed. . B.J.

22 04 GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

A86-36505 A8G-36509 METHOD FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF COMBINATION OF AIR AND SPACE REMOTE-SENSING CONVERGENCE IN MAPPING IN THE CASE OF THE METHODS AND GEOLOGICALCEOPHVSICAL METHODS FOR INTERPRETATION OF SPACE PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE PURPOSE OF OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION IN THE OIL-ANPGAS-BEARING REGIONS OF SIBERIA [METOD SOUTHERN PERMSK REGION [KOMPLEKSIROVANIE KOLICHESTVENNOI OTSENKI SKHODIMOSTI V AERO-KOSMOGEOLOGICHESKIKH I GEOLOGO-GEO- KARTOGRAFICHESKIKH POSTROENIIAKH PRI FlZlCHESKlKH METODOV PRI NEFTEGAZOPOISKOVVKH DESHIFRIROVANII KOSMOSNIMKOV NEFTEGAZONOSNYKH RABOTAKH NA IUGE PERMSKOI OBLASTI] RAIONOV SIBIRI] IU. A. DULEPOV, V. V. MAKALOVSKII, V. S. KUROCHKIN, and A. M. BOROVIKOV and L. M. SHEMIAKIN IN: Methods of V. G. GATSKOV IN: Methods of combined air and space combined air and space remote-sensing studies of Siberia . remote-sensing studies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1985, p. 22-30. In Russian. refs 1985. p. 48-52. In Russian.

A86-36510 ASPECTS OF THE GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF GEOPHYSICAL FIELDS AND RESULTS OF AIR AND SPACE A86-36506 REMOTE SENSING OBSERVATIONS OF OIL-ANPGAS- QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE INFORMATION BEARING TERRITORIES [NEKOTORVE VOPROSY GEOLOGI- CONTENT OF TV IMAGES OF DIFFERENT SCALE ON THE CHESKOI INTERPRETATSI GEOFIZICHESKIKH POLEI I RE- EXAMPLE OF DISJUNCTIVES OF SIBERIA ZUL‘TATOV AEROKOSMICHESKIKH NABLlUDENll NEFTEGA- [KOLICHESTVENNAIA OTSENKA INFORMATIVNOSTI ZONOSNVKH TERRITORII] RAZNOMASSHTABNYKH TELESNIMKOV NA PRIMERE V. V. PANASENKO and V. N. PANASENKO IN: Methods of DIZ‘IUNKTIVOV SIBIRI] combined air and space remote-sensing studies of Siberia . V. I. VlTlAZ and V. IA. EROMENKO IN: Methods of combined Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1985, p. 52-56. In Russian. refs air and space remote-sensing studies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1985, p. 30-34. In Russian. The interpretation of ultrasmall-scaleand small-scaleN images of platform regions of Siberia is examined along with the A06-37009 interpretation of small-scale space imagery. Linear, ring-shaped, DIRECTION DEPENDENT INTERPOLATION OF AEROMAGNETIC DATA and arclike elements on interregional and regional scales are L. BRINDT and H. HAUSKA (Lulea, Hogskolan, Sweden) IN: identified. The regional features of western and eastern Siberia are manifested in the large relative density of lineaments on the Machine processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global Siberian platform. B.J. process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985. p. 86-95. Sponsorship: Styrelsen for Teknisk Utveckling and Swedish Board for Space Activities. refs (Contract STU-83-4119; SBSA-63-83; SBSA-56-84) A86-36507 The paper describes a method for level correction and METHODS FOR THE REMOTE SENSING OF TRANSITION interpolation of anisotropically sampled aeromagnetic data. The ZONES OF THE JUNCTION OF SIBERIAN PLATFORMS AND level correction is based on piecewise comparison of adjacent OROGENS [METODY DISTANTSIONNVKH ISSLEDOVANII flightlines. The interpolation scheme is based on cubic splines PEREKHODNYKH ZON SOCHLENENIIA PLATFORM I and preserves thin linear structures in anisotropic potential field OROGENOV SIBIRI] data. The design of such a method is an important building stone L. K. ZIATKOVA IN: Methods of combined air and space for the design of an image-based information system for geologic remote-sensing studies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, applications. Author 1985, p. 35-41. In Russian. refs The paper examines the use of space-image interpretation techniques to identify various structures in zones joining Siberian platforms and orogens. It is shown that such junction zones should A86-37021 be considered as a Combination of various types of platform and LANDSAT MSS AND AIRBORNE GEOPHYSICAL DATA orogenic structures, subjected to endodynamic, exodynamic, COMBINED FOR MAPPING GRANITE IN SOUTHWEST NOVA hypergenoexodynamic, and technogenoanthropogenic processes. SCOTIA B.J. V. R. SLANEY (Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 198-206. refs A86-36508 THE USE OF REMOTE-SENSING DATA TO PREDICT REGIONAL AND LOCAL OIL-ANDGASBEARING STRUCTURES WITHIN A86-37865# THE DNEPROVSK-DONETSK PALEORIFT [OPYT PRlMENENllA APPLICATION OF SPACEBORNE AND AIRBORNE KOSMICHESKOI INFORMATSII DLlA PROGNOZIROVANIIA TECHNIQUES IN MINERAL EXPLORATION AT WADI EL REGIONACNYKH I LOKACNYKH NEFTEGAZONOSNYKH ALLAQI AREA, EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT STRUKTUR V PREDELAKH DNEPROVSKO-DONETSKOGO E. M. EL SHAZLY, M. A. A. HADY, and A. F. EL NASHARTY PALEORIFTA] (Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Remote Sensing V. K. GAVRISH, A. I. NEDOSHOVENKO, E. S. PETROVA, and V. Centre, Cairo, Egypt) IN: International Conference on Space, N. DEMENTEV IN: Methods of combined air and space 25th, Rome, Italy, March 26-28, 1985, Proceedings . Rome, remote-sensing studies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel‘stvo Nauka, Rassegna lnternazionale Elettronica Nucleare ed Aerospaziale, 1985, p. 42-47. In Russian. refs 1985, p. 217-224. refs

23 N86-23030# Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, N86-25912'# Nevada Univ., Reno. Dept. of Geological D.C. Sciences. OIL AND GAS TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE ARCTIC AND THE NATURE AND ORIGIN OF MINERAL COATINGS ON DEEPWATER VOLCANIC ROCKS OF THE BLACK MOUNTAIN, STONEWALL May 1985 235 p MOUNTAIN AND KANE SPRINGS WASH VOLCANIC CENTERS (PB86-119948) Avail: NTlS HC A1 l/MF A01 CSCL 081 IN SOUTHERN NEVADA Semiannual Progress Report, Jul. 1985 Nearly 2 billion acres of offshore public domain is owned by - Jan. 1986 the United States adjacent to Alaska and the lower 48 states. J. V. TARANIK, D. 0.NOBLE, L. C. HSU. and A. HUTSINPILLER Much of the Nation's future domestic petroleum supply is expected Jan. 1986 23 p refs Original contains color illustrations to come from this area. Areas of highest potential apparently occur (Contract NAS5-28765) in deeper water and in the Arctic where operating conditions are (NASA-CR-176805; NAS 1.26:176805) Avail: NTlS HC AO2IMF severe, development costs high, and financial risks immense. As A01 CSCL08G the pace of exploration increases in these frontier regions, Four LANDSAT thematic mapping scenes in southern Nevada questions arise about the technologies needed to safely and were requested at two different acquisition times in order to assess efficiently explore and develop oil and gas in harsh environments. the effect of vegetation on the signature of the volcanic units. The study explores the range of technologies required for The remote sensing data acquisition and analysis portion are nearly exploration and development of offshore energy resources and completed. The LANDSAT thematic mapping data is of good quality, assesses associated economic factors and financial risks. GRA and image analysis techniques are so far successful in delineating areas with distinct spectral characteristics. Spectrally distinct areas were correlated with variations in surface coating and lithologies of the volcanic rocks. Author

N86-26740'# Bechtel National, Inc., San Francisco, Calif. THEMATIC MAPPER RESEARCH IN THE EARTH SCIENCES TECTONIC EVALUATION OF THE NUBIAN SHIELD OF N86-25099# Geological Survey, Reston, Va. NORTHEASTERN SUDAN/SOUTHEASTERN EGYPT USING REMOTE MONITORING OF PROCESSES THAT SHAPE DESERT THEMATIC MAPPER IMAGERY Interim Report SURFACES THE DESERT WINDS PROJECT Feb. 1986 24 p refs Original contains color illustrations J. F. MCCAULEY, C. S. BREED, P. J. HELM, G. H. BILLINGSLEY, (Contract NAS5-28757) D. J. MACKINNON, M. J. GROLIER, and C. K. MCCAULEY (NASA-CR-177311; NAS 1.26:177311) Avail: NTlS HC AO2IMF (Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff) 1985 23 p refs A01 CSCL08G (Tl86-900108; USGS-BULL-1634; LC-84-601115) Avail: NTlS The tectonic evaluation of the Nubian Shield using the Thematic HC AO2/MF A01 Mapper (TM) imagery is progressing well and shows great promise. Investigations of wind as a geologic agent have been hampered The TM tapes for the six LANDSAT 5 scenes covering the northern by a scarcity of long-term onsite measurements of wind velocity portion of the Red Sea hills were received, and preliminary maps (including peak gusts, direction, and periodicity), precipitation and interpretations were made for most of the area. It is apparent frequency and intensity, relative humidity, and soil and air that faulting and shearing associated with the major suture zones temperatures in key desert localities. A new long-term study, using such as the Sol Hamed are clearly visible and that considerable data obtained by meteorologic and geologic sensors coupled to detail can be seen. An entire quadrant of scene 173,451 was nonattended solar-powered data-collector platforms is described. examined in detail using all seven bands, and every band Data obtained from these geometeorologic (Geomet) stations in combination was evaluated to best display the geology. A desert type areas of Arizona are automatically relayed by the comparison was done with color ratio combinations and color Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) to the combinations of the eigen vector bands to verify if band US. Geological survey in Flagstaff, Ariz., in real time, and converted combinations of 7-red, 4-green, and 2-blue were indeed superior. to graphic form. Preliminary computer analysis of the data indicates There is no single optimum enhancement which provides the strikingly different meteorologic patterns that control, in great part, greatest detail for every image and no single combination of the local surficial geology of different desert areas. Author spectral bands for all cases, although bands 7, 4, and 2 do provide the best overall display. The color combination of the eigen vector bands proved useful in distinguishing fine detailed features. B.G.

05 N86-25866'# Lunar and Planetary Inst., Houston, Tex. THEMATIC MAPPER STUDIES OF ANDEAN VOLCANOES OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES Monthly Report P. W. FRANCIS 1986 13 p Original contains color Includes sea-surface temperature, Ocean bottom surveying imagery, illustrations drift rates, sea ice and icebergs, sea state, fish location. (Contract NAS5-28759) (NASA-CR-176807; NAS 1.261 76807; MR-6) Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL O8K A86-31350 The primary objective was to identify all the active volcanoes INTEGRATED GLOBAL MONITORING OF THE WORLD OCEAN. in the Andean region of Bolivia. Morphological features of the VOLUMES 1,2, & 3 [KOMPLEKSNYI GLOBACNYI MONITORING Tata Sabaya volcano, Bolivia, were studied with the thematic MIROVOGO OKEANA. VOLUMES 1,2, & 31 mapper. Details include marginal levees on lava and pyroclastic IU. A. IZRAEL, ED. Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1985, 1134 p. flows, and summit crater structure. Valley glacier moraine deposits, In Russian. No individual items are abstracted in these volumes. not easily identified on the multispectral band scanner, were also Papers from the First International Symposium on Integrated unambiguous, and provide useful marker horizons on large volcanic Global Monitoring of the World Ocean (Tallin, 1983) are presented. edifices which were built up in preglacial times but which were Reports from various international organizations are presented. active subsequently. With such high resolution imagery, it is not Particular topics include: the scientific foundations of the ecological only possible to identify potentially active volcanoes, but also to monitoring of the ocean; methods for the assessment of ocean use standard photogeological interpretation to outline the history pollution; the effect of atmospheric transport on ocean pollution; of individual volcanoes. B.G. the ecological consequences of ocean pollution; and

24 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES biogeochemical cycles and balances of pollutants. Consideration years. Attention is given to TOPEX as an international program, is also given to the monitoring of heat transfer in the ocean and aspects of timing regarding the conduction of the various between the atmosphere and the ocean, and to Ocean modeling. experiments dealing with the oceans and the global climate, and B.J. the special characteristics of the TOPEX mission. G.R.

A86-31976 A86-32599# EVIDENCE FOR SMALL-SCALE MANTLE CONVECTION FROM OPEN OCEAN RADAR SEA SCAlTER MEASUREMENTS SEASAT ALTIMETER DATA D. B. TRIZNA (US. Navy, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, W. F. HAXBY and J. K. WEISSEL (Lamont-Doherty Geological DC) IN International Radar Conference, Arlington, VA, May 6-9, Observatory, Palisades, NY) Journal of Geophysical Research 1985, Record . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics (ISSN 0148-0227). vol. 91, March 10, 1986, p. 3507-3520. refs Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 135-140. refs (Contract NO0014-80-C-0098; NO0014-84-C-0132; NSF Measurements are reported of shipboard X-band radar sea WE-82-02454; NSF WE-82-08927) scatter for a variety of wind speeds, collected over 360 degrees The present paper has mainly the objective to draw attention in azimuth using horizontal polarization. The data were sorted by to singular but subtle patterns of gravity undulations, taking into azimuth and statistics are reported for the upwind aspect. These account their association with the younger portions of fast-moving are fit well by a double Weibull distribution, similar to that reported oceanic plates. The explanation is proposed that these gravity by Hansen and Cavaleri. The scattering mechanisms responsible features reflect the development, through instability in the thermal for this double distribution are suggested to be Bragg scatter and boundary layer, of small-scale mantle convection which is organized sea spikes. Results of correlating the parameters of these into longitudinal rolls by shear imparted fast-moving plates. From distributions against environmental parameters which were the crustal age at which the lineated gravity patterns become collected aboard the research vessel are presented. Author discernable it is inferred that small-scale convection becomes established within 5-10 m.y. after initiation of plate cooling. Attention A86-32635 is given to new information from Seasat altimeter data, other THE DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND EARLY TRIALS OF A geophysical data, and implications for convection in the mantle. NOVEL AIRBORNE SURVEILLANCE RADAR G.R. J. G. SCHOENENBERGER and P. D. L. WILLIAMS (RacaCDecca Advanced Development, Ltd., Walton-on-Thames, England) IN: A86-32267 International Radar Conference, Arlington, VA, May 6-9, 1985, THE EFFECTIVE ELASTIC LITHOSPHERE UNDER THE Record . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, COOK-AUSTRAL AND SOCIETY ISLANDS Inc., 1985, p. 372-377. refs S. CALMANT and A. CAZENAVE (CNES, Groupe de Recherche Attention is given to a novel airborne surveillance radar that de Geodesie Spatiale, Toulouse, France) Earth and Planetary originated in a conventional pulse radar carried under a variety of Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X), vol. 77, no. 2, March 1986, p. test aircraft and which was then upgraded to SLAR equipment 187-202. Research supported by the lnstitut National des Sciences incorporating a bandwidth processor for the real time recording of de I'Univers and CNES. refs images on an inexpensive audio tape deck. Ocean surface imagery The elastic thickness, Te, of the oceanic lithosphere along the of reasonable quality has been obtained by these means. The volcanic chains of Cook-Austral and Society islands was system is expected to be useful in searches for patterns of shipping determined, using a three-dimensional spatial method to model and features such as oil slicks and thermal currents in disturbed the lithospheric flexure and assuming a continuous elastic plate. water. O.C. The model was constrained by geoid height data from the Seasat satellite. When the Society and Cook-Austral Te results versus A86-32676 age of load are plotted together, it becomes obvious that within NEAR-SURFACE WATER CIRCULATION IN THE SUB-ARCTIC the first five-million years after loading, Te decreases significantly FRONTAL ZONE (ACCORDING TO SATELLITE DATA) [O while tending rapidly to an equilibrium value. This may be interpreted PRIPOVERKHNOSTNOI TSlRKULlATSll VOD V as the effect of initial stress relaxation which occurs just after SUBARKTICHESKOI FRONTAL'NOI ZONE /PO DANNYM IS/] loading inside the lower lithosphere and suggests that the presently A. 1. GINZBURG and K. N. FEDOROV (AN SSSR, lnstitut measured elastic thickness under the very young Tahiti load (about Okeanologii, Moscow, USSR) lssledovanie Zemli iz Kosmosa 0.8 Ma) is not yet the equilibrium thickness. IS. (ISSN 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 8-13. In Russian. refs Two satellite images, one taken in the IR and the other taken A86-32556'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, in the visible, of the region bounded by Hokkaido and sub-Arctic Washington, D.C. waters on the north, Honsu Island on the west, and the main THE OCEAN TOPOGRAPHY EXPERIMENT (TOPEX) - SOME Kuroshio front on the south are analyzed. The IR image was QUESTIONS ANSWERED obtained with the NOAA-6 satellite on May 20, 1981, while the W. F. TOWNSEND (NASA, Washington, DC) IN: EASCON '85: visible image was obtained with a Meteor satellite on May 19, National space strategy - A progress report; Proceedings to the 1984. Similar conditions are shown to produce similar circulation Eighteenth Annual Electronics and Aerospace Systems patterns, consisting of an anticyclonic eddy and interrelated Conference, Washington, DC, October 28-30, 1985 . New York, meridional and zonal jetlike or mushroomlike currents 150-250 km Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. in extent. The possible mechanism for their formation is examined 293-296. together with the conditions under which this eddy-jet combination The Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) is to provide a is most probable. B.J. basis for improving the understanding of the general circulation of the global oceans. In the context of this experiment, measurements A86-32677 of the surface topography of the oceans are to be conducted SOME FEATURES OF SMALL-SCALE OCEAN EDDIES with the aid of radar altimetry. The obtained data, when combined ACCORDING TO AN ANALYSIS OF SATELLITE IMAGES [O with appropriate in situ observations, will make it possible to NEKOTORYKH OSOBENNOSTIAKH MELKOMASSHTABNYKH determine the three-dimensional structure of the ocean currents. OKEANSKIKH VlKHREl /PO DANNYM ANALIZA The in situ observations needed are to be provided by the World SPUTNIKOVYKH IZOBRAZHENII/] Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). Information regarding the A. S. KAZMIN and N. P. KUZMINA (AN SSSR, lnstitut Okeanologii, ocean surface winds obtained with the aid of the NASA Moscow, USSR) lssledovanie Zemli iz Kosmosa (ISSN Scatterometer (NSCAT) to be flown on the Navy Remote Ocean 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 14-19. In Russian. refs Sensing System (N-ROSS) can supplement the TOPEX and WOCE Salyut-6 and Landsat-1 images of several regions of the Gulf data about the oceans. The TOPEX satellite is to be designed for Stream and North Atlantic current are analyzed. The analysis a three year lifetime, but it will carry expendables for two additional yielded a more accurate spatial pattern of small-scale (5-30 km)

25 eddies and improved their correlation and large-scale circulation with the Nimbus 7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer features. B.J. data, it is applicable also to data from other microwave radiometers operating in a similar wavelength range. Author A86-32678 SALYUT-6 OBSERVATION OF COLOR AND BRIGHTNESS CONTRASTS CORRELATED WITH OCEAN-BOTTOM RELIEF [NABLlUDENlE S ORBITAL'NOI STANTSll 'SALIUT-6' TSVETOVYKH I IARKOSTNYKH KONTRASTOV, A86-33105' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., KORRELIROVANNYKH S REL'EFOM DNA OKEANA] Pasadena. V. T. ISAKOV, V. V. KOVALENOK, A. 1. LAZAREV, and T. A. WEDDELL-SCOTIA SEA MARGINAL ICE ZONE OBSERVATIONS DAMINOVA (Gosudarstvennyi Opticheskii Institut, Leningrad, FROM SPACE, OCTOBER 1984 USSR) lssledovanie Zemli iz Kosmosa (ISSN 0205-9614), F. D. CARSEY, E. HOLT (California Institute of Technology, Jet Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 20-25. In Russian. Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena), S. MARTIN, D. A. ROTHROCK (Washington, University, Seattle), L. MCNUTT (Radarsat, Ottawa, A86-32679 Canada) et al. Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF THE DYNAMICS OF 0148-0227), vol. 91, March 15, 1986, p. 3920-3924. THE WESTERN PART OF THE BLACK SEA [DISTANTSIONNYE NASA-supported research. refs I MODEL'NYE ISSLEDOVANIIA DINAMIKI ZAPADNOI CHASTI Imagery from the Shuttle imaging radar-B experiment as well CHERNOGO MORIA] as other satellite and meteorological data are examined to learn E. V. STANEV, L. I. MILENOVA, V. M. RUSENOV, and E. K. more about the open sea ice margin of the Weddell-Scotia Seas RUMENINA (Natsional'nyi Komitet PO lssledovaniiu i Ispol'zovaniiu region. At the ice edge, the ice forms into bandlike aggregates of Kosmicheskogo Prostranstva, Sofia, Bulgaria) lssledovanie Zemli small ice floes similar to those observed in the Bering Sea. The iz Kosmosa (ISSN 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 26-31. In radar backscatter characteristics of these bands suggest that their Russian. refs upper surface is wet. Further into the pack, the radar imagery The dynamics of the western part of the Black Sea was shows a transition to large floes. In the open sea, large icebergs investigated on the basis of Salyut-Soyuz MSS data and numerical and long surface gravity waves are discernable in the radar modeling. It is shown that the propagation of Danube waters, images. Author frontal zones, the meandering of the main stream, and the formation of off-shore rings in the western Black Sea could be recognized on the space images. The remote-sensing and simulation data are compared for features of different scales. B.J. A86-33120 A86-32683 EVOLUTION OF THE NET SURFACE SHORTWAVE RADIATION DETERMINATION OF SEA SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE FROM OVER THE INDIAN OCEAN DURING SUMMER MONEX (1979) AIRBORNE MEASUREMENTS [OPREDELENIE KOEFFITSIENTA - A SATELLITE DESCRIPTION SPEKTRAL'NOI IARKOSTI MORIA PO IZMERENIIAM S C. GAUTIER (California, University, La Jolla) Monthly Weather AVl ANOSlTELl A] Review (ISSN 0027-0644), vol. 114, March 1986, p. 525-533. A. P. VASILKOV, 0. A. ERSHOV, and A. 1. SUDBIN (AN SSSR, NASA-supported research. refs lnstitut Okeanologii, Moscow, USSR) lssledovanie Zemli iz (Contract NSF ATM-82-05817; NSF OCE-82-14791) Kosmosa (ISSN 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 63-70. In The evolution of the net shortwave (NSW) radiation fields during Russian. refs the monsoon of 1979 was analyzed, using geostationary satellite Upward radiance spectra measured by helicopter at 2-5 km data, collected before, during. and after the monsoon onset. It is over Black Sea coastal areas are analyzed. The data were used seen, from the time sequence of NSW fields, that during the to retrieve spectra at sea level; and the spectra were corrected preonset phase the characteristics of the NSW field are dominated for atmospheric effects using a modified Gordon algorithm and by a strong maximum in the entire Arabian Sea and by a strong concurrent measurements of atmospheric spectral transparence. minimum in the central and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean, the The correction method made it possible to retrieve the sea spectral minimum being associated with the intense convective activity reflectance in the 400-700 nm range with a maximum absolute occurring in that region. As the season evolves, the minima of error of about 0.01 for measurement altitudes up to 5 km. The NSW associated with the large scale convective activity propagate retrieval accuracy was checked by comparing the spectra obtained westward in the equatorial ocean. During the monsoon onset, there with those measured at 100 m. B.J. occurs an explosive onset of the convection activity in the Arabian Sea: the maximum has retreated towards the Somalia coast, and A86-33104*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. most of the sea then experiences a strong minimum of NSW Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. associated with the intense precipitation occurring along the REDUCTION OF WEATHER EFFECTS IN THE CALCULATION southwestern coast of the Indian subcontinent. I.S. OF SEA ICE CONCENTRATION FROM MICROWAVE RADIANCES p. GLOERSEN and D. J. CAVALIER (NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD) Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 91, March 15, 1986, p. 3913-3919. A86-33315 NASA-supported research. refs STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE EASTERLY JET STREAM A technique is presented which improves existing methods of ACCORDING TO SATELLITE DATA [OB OSOBENNOSTIAKH CalCUlating sea ice concentrations from microwave radiances by STRUKTURY VOSTOCHNOGO STRUINOGO TECHENllA PO reducing weather-related effects over open wean areas and in DANNYM IS21 the vicinity of marginal sea ice zones. Winds, atmospheric water T. KH. GEOKHLANIAN IN: Aspects of the processing and vapor, cloud liquid water, and rain increase the microwave emission interpretation of measurement data from meteorological satellites over these regions and thus result in erroneous values of computed . Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1985, p. 19-26. In Russian. refs sea ice concentration. The method described is based on the Several features of the cloud structure of the easterly jet stream microwave spectral properties of sea ice and ice-free ocean and are examined on the basis of a combined analysis of cloud utilizes ratios of the polarized radiances at the 0.81-cm (37 GHz) photographs taken by the Meteor and NOAA satellites, and and 1.7-cm (18 GHz) wavelengths. Following a discussion of the aerosynoptic data. It is noted that these features can serve as physical basis for this technique, examples are provided which the basis of an analysis of weather in the tropical zone of the demonstrate its utility. While the technique was developed for use Indian Ocean. B.J.

26 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES

A86-33320 A86-33483 ESTIMATION OF THE ACCURACY OF THE REMOTE ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF ALTIMETER SEA DETERMINATION OF OCEAN SURFACE TEMPERATURE ON ECHO THE BASIS OF SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS OF OUTGOING D. E. BARRICK (Ocean Surface Research, Boulder, CO) and B. THERMAL RADIATION IN THE 10.5-12.5 MICRON RANGE J. LlPA (Ocean Surface Research, Woodside, CA) IN: Satellite [OTSENKI TOCHNOSTI DISTANTSIONNOGO OPREDELENIIA oceanic remote sensing . Orlando, FL, Academic Press, Inc., 1985, TEMPERATURY POVERKHNOSTI OKEANA PO DANNYM p. 61-100. refs SPUTNIKOVYKH IZMERENII UKHODIASHCHEGO TEPLOVOGO Attention is given to Barrick's (1972) mathematical model IZLUCHENIIA V DIAPAZONE 10,512,5 MKM] describing the altimetric echo waveform, using physical optics to V. M. SUTOVSKII, A. B. USPENSKII, and V. E. TRETIAKOV IN: represent the scatter from the rough surface. A convolutional form Aspects of the processing and interpretation of measurement data of this model is presented which expresses the sea surface from meteorological satellites . Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1985, wave-height probability density function. Models are developed to p. 66-79. In Russian. refs study various factors which bias or distort the altimeter echo, such as antenna errors and rain biases, and the Seasat altimeter data are used to test their application. IS.

A86-33392 A86-33484 OBSERVATION OF INTERNAL WAVES AND SEISMIC WAVES OCEANIC SURFACE WINDS IN THE SICILIAN CHANNEL D. B. ROSS (NOAA, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological P. TRIVERO (Torino, Universita; CNR. lstituto di Cosmogeofisica, Laboratory, Miami, FL), V. J. CARDONE (Oceanweather, Inc., White Turin, Italy) Nuovo Cimento, Lettere, Serie 2, vol. 44, Dec. 16, Plains, NY), J. OVERLAND (NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental 1985, p. 658-664. refs Laboratories, Seattle, WA), R. D. MCPHERSON (NOAA, National Internal and seismic waves in the Sicilian Channel are studied. Meteorological Center, Washington, DC), and W. J. PIERSON, JR. The structural features of the internal waves observed in synthetic (City College, New York) IN: Satellite Oceanic remote sensing . aperture radar images are examined; internal waves propagating Orlando, FL, Academic Press, Inc.. 1985, p. 101-140. refs in a circle about 60 km in diameter and about 1 km apart, radar The mechanism of radar backscatter, which prvides a foundation signatures, and volcanic activity are detected. Analysis of the six for wind measurements by the Seasat-A Scatterometer System months of seismographic data reveals low frequency oscillations (SASS) is examined. Development of a model relating the SASS occurring in groups of decreasing amplitude at 1 hour intervals, data to surface wind speed, which accounts for changes of the which are preceded by intensified signals in the seismograph marine wind field and the effects of the surface roughness and readings, and a correlation between the occurrence of earthquakes thermodynamic factors, is discussed. The effect produced by and the shape of the oscillations is observed. I.F. including the satellite data into the standard data base on atmospheric circulation is evaluated using an experiment in which global SASS data were compared with the wind data obtained without SASS (NOSASS). In the Northern Hemisphere, there is little difference between SASS and NOSASS analysis, suggesting A86-33481 that SASS winds are at least as useful as ship winds, buoy reports, SATELLITE OCEANIC REMOTE SENSING and low level, cloud-tracked winds. In the Southern Hemisphere, B. SALTZMAN, ED. (Yale University, New Haven, CT) Orlando, differences in wind and height analyses were quite large. IS. FL, Academic Press, Inc. , 1985, 525 p. For individual items see A86-33482 to A86-33490. A86-33485' National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Oceanic remote sensing by several NASA sponsored satellite Boulder, Colo. systems is described, and the results of these measurements are SURFACE AND INTERNAL OCEAN WAVE OBSERVATIONS discussed. Papers are presented on the Seasat, Nimbus-7, and C. L. RUFENACH, L. S. FEDOR (NOAA, Wave Propagation TIROS-N observations; analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea Laboratory, Boulder, CO), J. R. APEL (Johns Hopkins University, echo; oceanic surface winds; surface and internal ocean wave Laurel, MD), and F. I. GONZALEZ (NOAA, Pacific Marine observations; and microwave wind and rain observations in severe Environmental Laboratories, Seattle, WA) IN: Satellite oceanic tropical and midlatitude marine storms. Consideration is given to remote sensing . Orlando, FL, Academic Press, Inc., 1985, p. sea surface temperature determinations, ocean color 141-196. NOAA-supported research. refs measurements, observations of the polar regions from satellites (Contract NASA ORDER W-15084) using active and passive microwave techniques, precipitation in The physical characteristics of the ocean surface waves are tropical cyclones, and living marine resources applications. discussed, together with the prinicples behind altimetry Additional papers provide details of the remote sensors involved measurements of the wave height and SAR measurements of in these oceanic studies, details of the Seasat validation program, surface wave direction and length. In addition, theoretical aspects and a summary of the data availability. I.S. of oceanic internal gravity waves are presented, and the measurements of oceanic internal wave fields, using the 'surface signatures' accompanying the underlying oscillations, are described. Results of the surface wave measurements obtained by the Seasat A86-33482 altimeter and SAR are presented along with inferred internal wave THE 1978 OCEANIC TRILOGY - SEASAT, NIMBUS-7, AND results obtained by SAR. IS. TIROS-N J. W. SHERMAN, 111 (NOAA, National Environmental Satellite, Data, A86-33486* National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and Information Service, Washington, DC) IN: Satellite oceanic Miami, Fla. remote sensing . Orlando, FL, Academic Press, Inc., 1985, p. SEASAT MICROWAVE WIND AND RAIN OBSERVATIONS IN 11-60. refs SEVERE TROPICAL AND MIDLATITUDE MARINE STORMS The sensors aboard NASA's Seasat, Nimbus-7, and TIROS-N P. G. BLACK, J. D. HAWKINS (NOAA, Atlantic Oceangraphic and satellites are described. These include the Seasat-A Scatterometer Meteorological Laboratory, Miami, FL), R. C. GENTRY (Clemson System (SASS), a radar altimeter, a SAR, the Scanning University, SC), and V. J. CARDONE (Oceanweather, Inc., White Multichannel Microwave Radiometer, the Visible and Infrared Plains, NY) IN: Satellite oceanic remote sensing . Orlando, FL, Radiometer, and the Coastal Zone Color Scanner. Results obtained Academic Press, Inc., 1985, p. 197-277. NOAA-NASA-sponsored on ice dynamics, ocean color, sea surface temperature, research. refs atmospheric water, wind characteristics, sea current characteristics, Initial results of studies concerning Seasat measurements in and eddy structures, are summarized. I.S. and around tropical and severe midlatitude cyclones over the open

27 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES

ocean are presented, together with an assessment of their accuracy altimeter, the SAR, the Seasat-A Scatterometer System, and the and usefulness. Complementary measurements of surface wind Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) are speed and direction, rainfall rate, and the sea surface temperature discussed, together with the advantages and limitations of each obtained with the Seasat-A Satellite Scatterometer (SASS), the instrument as applied to the study of ice dynamics. The Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR), and the SMMR algorithm for calculating sea-ice concentrations is Seasat SAR are analyzed. The Seasat data for the Hurrricanes presented. In addition, the Seasat altimeter-derived data on wind Fico, Ella, and Greta and the QE II storm are compared with data speed and wave heights in the Southern Ocean, and on the ice obtained from aircraft, buoys, and ships. It is shown that the sheets of the Antarctica and Greenland were evaluated. I.S. SASS-derived wind speeds are accurate to within 10 percent, and the directions are accurate to within 20 percent. In general, the SASS estimates tend to measure light winds too high and intense 4986-33490 winds too low. The errors of the SMMR-derived measurements of PRECIPITATION IN TROPICAL CYCLONES the winds in hurricanes tend to be higher than those of the C. G. GRlFFlTH and L. S. FEDOR (NOAA, Environmental Research SASS-derived measurements. IS. Laboratories, Boulder, CO) IN: Satellite oceanic remote sensing . Orlando, FL, Academic Press, Inc., 1985, p. 393-417. refs A86-33487 Using the Griffith-Woodley (Griffith et al., 1978) technique, rain SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE DETERMINATIONS rates were derived from the Seasat Visible and Infrared Radiometer J. C. ALISHOUSE and E. P. MCCLAIN (NOAA, National (VIRR)-IR data for seleted passes over three 1978 Pacific tropical Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Washington, storms: Fico, Agnes, and Carmen. The Griffith-Woodley technique DC) IN: Satellite oceanic remote sensing . Orlando, FL, Academic is described in detail, and its limitations are discussed. The Press, Inc., 1985, p. 279-296. refs VIRR-derived rain rates, besides being useful for assessing storm Sea surface temperature (SST) determinations by the use of rainfall prior to landfall, can also be used to correct for attenuation microwave and infrared sensors aboard Seasat, the Scanning in microwave channels sensitive to rainfall, such as the altimeter Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and the Advanced and scatterometer. I.S. Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), respectively, are discussed. The SMMR data have been screened to avoid rain, sun glint, and land effects, while the AVHRR data have been screened for clouds and sun glint. Comparison of the SMMR data A86-33514 with surface observations on both a point-by-point and a monthly MULTIFREQUENCY OBSERVATIONS OF BRIGHTNESS grid basis have shown much better agreeement between the TEMPERATURE OF ARTIFICIAL NEW AND YOUNG SEA ICE averaged and the gridded values than in the case of point-by-point T. C. GRENFELL (Washington, University, Seattle) IN: 1985 comparison. The point-by-point comparison between the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium AVHRR-derived SST's and surface observations are better than (IGARSS '85),Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 in the case of the SMMR, possibly because of the much smaller . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., field of view. IS. 1985, p. 92-98. refs An effective technique for isolating the influence of individual A86-33488' Miami Univ., Fla. physical properties of sea ice on microwave emission is to study OCEAN COLOR MEASUREMENTS a horizontally homogeneous ice sheet whose thermal history and H. R. GORDON (Miami, University, Coral Gables, FL), R. W. physical characteristics are closely monitored. This has been AUSTIN (California, University, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, undertaken by a study encompassing radiometric, dielectric and La Jolla), D. K. CLARK, W. A. HOVIS (NOAA, National scatterometric properties, whose preliminary results are presently Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Washington, reported. The major variations observed were associated with ice DC), and C. S. YENTSCH (Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, growth to about 50 mm, as well as with subsequent changes in West Boothbay Harbor, ME) IN: Satellite oceanic remote sensing the state of the state of the surface associated with roughness . Orlando, FL, Academic Press, Inc., 1985, p. 297-333. refs and the distribution of brine. The effects of snow cover were (Contract NAS5-22963; NAS5-26247; NAS5-22948; significant. but smaller than modifications in surface roughness. N00014-78-C-0566; NAGW-273; NOAA-NA-79SA00741; O.C. NOAA-NA-80AAD00007) Ocean color observations by the Coastal Zone color scanner (CZCS) aboard the Nimbus-7 satellite are discussed, together with A86-33529' Illinois Univ., Urbana. the factors contributing to the 'apparent' color of the ocean. The REMOTE SENSING OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AND SEA CZCS optical systems and the tecniques for extraction of the STATE USING LASER ALTIMETERS phytoplankton pigment concentration and the diffuse attenuation C. S. GARDNER (Illinois, University, Urbana) IN: 1985 International coefficient K from the 'apparent' water color are described in detail. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Special consideration is given to the use of biooptical algorithms Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, and the development of the K algorithm for the CZCS imagery. It Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. is shown that under typical atmospheric conditions, the pigment 199-206. refs concentration can be extracted from the satellite imagery to within (Contract NSG-5049) + or - 30 percent over concentration ranges from 0 to 5 mg/cu Short-pulse multicolor laser ranging systems are currently being m for the Morel case 1 water (Morel and Prieur, 1977), to which developed for satellite ranging applications. These systems use the oceanic waters belong as a rule. I.S. Q-switched pulsed lasers and streak-tube cameras to provide timing accuracies approaching a few picoseconds. Satellite laser ranging A86-33489' Massachusetts Univ., Amherst. systems have been used to evaluate many important geophysical OBSERVATIONS OF THE POLAR REGIONS FROM SATELLITES phenomena such as fault motion, polar motion and solid earth USING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE MICROWAVE TECHNIQUES tides, by measuring the orbital perturbations of retroreflector C. T. SWIFT (Massachusetts, University, Amherst), D. J. CAVALIER1 equipped satellites. Some existing operational systems provide (USGS, Tacoma, WA), P. GLOERSEN, H. J. ZWALLY, N. M. range resolution approaching a few millimeters. There is currently MOGNARD (NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD) considerable interest in adapting these highly accurate systems et al. IN: Satellite oceanic remote sensing . Orlando, FL, Academic for use as airborne and satellite based altimeters. Potential Press, Inc., 1985, p. 335-392. refs applications include the measurement of sea state, ground Observations of the Ocean ice, ice sheets, ice edges, and topography and atmospheric pressure. This paper reviews recent ocean waves in the Antarctic, performed by the Seasat and progress in the development of multicolor laser altimeters for use Nimbus-7 satellites are described. Specific features of the Seasat in m0nitorin.g sea state and atmospheric pressure. Author

28 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES

A86-33532' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. gravity wave spectral information and backscatter statistics for ice Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. type discrimination and automated ice concentration algorithms. LIDAR OBSERVATIONS OF THE PLANETARY BOUNDARY Author LAYER S. H. MELFI, J. D. SPINHIRNE, and S. P. PALM (NASA, Goddard A86-33562' National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD) IN: 1985 International Boulder, Colo. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85). MEASUREMENT OF SEA ICE BACKSCAlTER Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, CHARACTERISTICS AT 36 GHZ USING THE SURFACE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. CONTOURRADAR 21 8-222. refs L. S. FEDOR (NOAA, Wave Propagation Laboratory, Boulder, CO) The application of an airborne downward-looking lidar to the and E. J. WALSH (NASA, Wallops Flight Center, Wallops Island, study of organized cellular convection in the planetary boundary VA) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing layer (PBL) over the ocean is described. The lidar consisted of a Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985. Digest. frequency doubled Nd-YAG 530 mm-wavelength laser whose axis Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics was aligned colinearly with the optical axis of an all-reflecting 40 Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 446-451. mm-diameter Newtonian telescope. The airborne lidar provided a Scattering studies of sea ice off the coast of Greenland were unique observation of both microscale and mesoscale variations performed in January 1984 using the 36-GHz Surface Contour of the PBL top. The lidar data, presented as constant backscatter Radar (SCR) aboard the NASA P-3 aircraft. An oscillating mirror isopleth soundings, provide a visual indication of the presence of scans an actual half-power width of 0.96 degrees laterally to vertically organized convection cells. Comparisons of the measure the surface at 51 evenly spaced points. By banking the lidar-derived PBL structure with both a conceptual model of the aircraft, real-time topographical mapping and relative backscattered PBL and laboratory simulations of Deardorf et al. (1980) of a power are obtained at incidence angles between 0 and 30 degrees developing convective PBL showed that the observations are off-nadar, achieving at 175 m altitude a 2.9 by 4.4 m spatial consistent with a model of mixing in the PBL, which involves a resolution at nadir. With an aircraft ground speed of 100 m/s, field of organized updrafts separated by downdrafts. I.S. 5-m successive scan line spacing and 1.E-m cross-track direction spacing is provided. By circling the aircraft in the 15 degree bank, A86-33560' Washington Univ., Seattle. the azimuthal anisotropy of the scattering is investigated along EXTRACTING SEA ICE DATA FROM SATELLITE SAR with the incidence angle dependence. R.R. IMAGERY M. FlLY and D. A. ROTHROCK (Washington, University, Seattle) A86-33591 National Aeronautics and Space Administration. IN: 1985 InternationalGeoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Wallops Flight Center, Wallops Island, Va. (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 DESIGN AND BENEFITS OF A MULTIBEAM EARTH OBSERVING . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., RADAR 1985, p. 432-437. NASA-Navy-supported research. refs C. L. PARSONS, E. J. WALSH (NASA, Wallops Flight Center, With the prospect operational satellite SAR's by the end of Wallops Island, VA), and F. B. BECK (NASA, Langley Research the decade, there is a clear need to develop automated algorithms Center, Hampton, VA) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and for the extraction of geophysical data about sea ice from high Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October resolution radar imagery. To this end, techniques were developed 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical for distinguishing ice from open water and for resolving the details and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 650-656. refs of deformation within areas 100 km square imaged by SEASAT The oceanographic rationale is described for continuing to SAR. The classification of ice and open water is based on the advance the state of the art in satellite radar altimetry, and the creation of two bands of lower resolution image data: local average expected capabilities of a multibeam Earth Observing Radar are brightness, and the local variance of brightness. In the space of noted. At the end of this decade, there is the possibility that these two variables, ice and open water are separated into two altimeters may be in orbit aboard the American TOPEX, the ESA distinct clusters. The deformation is found on a 3.4 km mesh by ERS-1, and the French SPOT satellites at the same time. The local cross-correlations of the brightness. Comparison with TOPEX version will be the most precise altimeter yet built. Global manually determined deformation shows room for improvement in ocean circulation will be measured by using TOPEX to monitor regions of high deformation by using smaller areas for the elevation changes across the ocean basins due to oceanic cross-correlation. Th concentration and deformation data are used currents. It will then be possible to monitor the 'mean' circulation together to determine localized regions of the scene where open patterns in the oceans. The multiple beams of EOR might be water is produced or lost. Author used to measure the curvature of the topographic surface. The use of curvature is especially beneficial because it is directly related A86-33561 to ocean circulation, which is a function only of the Laplacian of SAR REMOTE SENSING DURING YIZEX 84 the topographic height field in a given area. With the EOR, that R. A. SHUCHMAN and B. A. BURNS (Michigan, Environmental height field will be known and ocean circulation can be immediately Research Institute, Ann Arbor) IN: 1985 International Geoscience computed. D.H. and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of A86-33601 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 439-443. Pasadena. (Contract NO0014-81 -C-0295; NO0014-83-C-0404) A MEDIAN FILTER APPROACH FOR CORRECTING ERRORS During the summer Marginal Ice Zone Experiment (MIZEX) of IN A VECTOR FIELD 1984, extensive mosaic coverage of the experiment area was H. SCHULTZ (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion obtained by the CV-580 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and over a period of 10 days. By virtue of the SAR's imaging capabilities, Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October such as all-weather imaging, relatively high resolution, and large 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical dynamic range of backscatter from SAR ice and open ocean, and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 724-728. information on important MIZ parameters can be derived from the Techniques are presented for detecting and correcting errors SAR data. Information on ice edge location and location of ice-edge in a vector field. These methods employ median filters which are eddies, for example, can be obtained directly from examination of frequently used in image processing to enhance edges and remove the imagery as can detection of ocean fronts and internal waves. noise. A detailed example is given for wind field maps produced With machine-assisted manual image analysis, estimates of ice by a spaceborne scatterometer. The error detection and concentration, floe size distributions, and ice field motion can also replacement algorithm was tested with simulation data from the be derived. Full digital analysis, however, is required to obtain NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT) project. Author

29 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES

A86-33602 A86-33609' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. THE SPATIAL EVOLUTION OF SAR DERIVED WAVE SPECTRA Wallops Flight Center, Wallops Island, Va. IN THE VICINITY OF HURRICANE IVA SPECTRAL MEASUREMENTS IN SUPPORT OF SIR-B USING F. M. MONALDO, D. E. IRVINE (Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, THESURFACECONTOURRADAR MD), and F. I. GONZALEZ (NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental E. J. WALSH, D. W. HANCOCK, 111, D. E. HINES (NASA, Wallops Laboratory, Seattle, WA) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Flight Center, Wallops Island, VA), R. N. SWIFT, and J. F. SCOTT Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October (EG & G Washington Analytical Services Center, Inc., Pocomoke 7-9. 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical City, MD) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 731-736. refs Symposium (IGARSS '85).Amherst, MA, October 7-9. 1985, Digest. A swath of Seasat SAR imagery 1200 km long was used to Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics generate a spatial series of SAR ocean image spectra in the Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 798-803. refs vicinity of Hurricane IVA. These spectra were corrected for an The use of the Surface Contour Radar (SCR) from an aircraft instrument transfer function. By using a much longer image strip to obtain spectral information on the seas off the tip of South than previous investigators, it is possible to explain the evolution America, in support of the SIR-B experiment in October 1984, is of SAR measured spectral parameters, dominate wavelength and reported. The SCR is a computer-controlled 36-GHz radar that propagation direction, in terms of simple kinematic parameters of measures sea surface directional wave spectra and produces a the moving hurricane. Author real-time topographical map of the surface below the aircraft. Ground tracks and polar plots of the data obtained are illustrated. D.H.

A86-33611' Environmental Research Inst. of Michigan, Ann Arbor. SIMULATIONS OF SAR WAVE SPECTRA USING HIGH A86-33607 SPECTRAL RESOLUTION ESTIMATES FROM THE SCR AND THE SIR-B EXTREME WAVES EXPERIMENT IN THE SOUTHERN ROWS INSTRUMENTS OCEANS D. LYZENGA (Michigan, Environmental Research Institute, Ann R. C. BEAL (Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD) IN: 1985 Arbor) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Symposium (IGARSS '85),Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. (IGARSS '85),Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 81 2-817. NASA-supported research. 1985, p. 787-791. refs (Contract NO001 4-81-C-0692) An account is given of the October 1984 SIR-B Extreme Waves A numerical model for predicting the synthetic aperture radar Experiment off the west coast of southern Chile and in the region (SAR) image of a moving ocean surface is described, and results of the Agulhas Current south and east of South Africa. The are presented for two SIR-B data sets collected off the coast of experiment was designed to overcome many of the limitations Chile. Wave height spectra measured by the NASA radar ocean encountered in Seasat by collecting simultaneous and independent wave spectrometer (ROWS) and surface contour radar (SCR) were estimates of the directional wave spectra from aircraft to verify used as inputs to this model, and results are compared with actual and calibrate the SAR rneasureements over a variety of incidence SIR-B image spectra from orbits 91 and 106. Author angles and sea states. For the SIR-B reflight, scheduled for March 1987, the intent is to repeat the Chile experiment just to the east and north of St. Johns, Newfoundland where North Atlantic storms A86-33612 are notorious for producing high waves. D.H. DIRECTIONAL OCEAN WAVE SPECTRA OBTAINED FROM THE SHUlTLE IMAGING RADAR OFF THE COAST OF CHILE F. M. MONALDO and D. G. TILLEY (Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 81 8-822. refs A86-33608 During the Shuttle Imaging Radar Mission (SIR-B) in October WAVES PREDICTED BY THE GLOBAL SPECTRAL OCEAN 1984, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ocean wave imagery was WAVE MODEL OFF THE WEST COAST OF CHILE DURING acquired coincident with independent measurements of the THE SIR-B MISSION two-dimensional ocean wave spectrum made by instruments aboard L. F. ZAMBRESKY (US. Navy, Fleet Numerical Oceanography a P-3 aircraft. Preliminary evaluation of SAR image spectra suggest Center, Monterey, CA) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and a close correspondence between SAR image spectra and ocean surface slope-variance spectra. Author Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 792-797. A86-336 19 The verification of the GSOWM (Global Spectral Ocean Wave RADAR SOUNDING OF ICE MASSES CONTAlNlNG LIQUID Model) of the Fleet Numerical Oceanography Center in the WATER Southern Hemisphere in October 1984 is described. The primary S. M. HODGE (USGS; Puget Sound, University, Tacoma, WA) output of GSOWM is directional wave spectra with a resolution of IN: 1985 InternationalGeoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium 15 frequencies and 24 directions at every point on a 2.5 degree (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 latitude/longitude grid. From October 8 through October 12, 1984, . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., SIR-B observed directional wave spectra of the southwestern tip 1985, p. 868-873. refs of Chile from the Space Shuttle. Two airborne scanning radars When frequencies of 1-10 MHz are used, scattering from made nearly simultaneous measurements. A wave model without water-filled cavities found in temperate glaciers is sufficiently any direct initialization through wave observations can predict reduced that bottom returns are usually detectable. An impulse waves with a reasonable degree of skill. The next step toward type of radar, with resistively-loaded antennas, is necessary for improving wave modeling would be to incorporate near real-time acceptable range resolution. Evidence from two independent radar wave observations; a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar is one studies, as well as from borehole drilling, suggests that the of the few viable instruments for providing the quasi-synoptic characteristic dimension of these cavities is of the order of 0.5-1.0 observations of directional wave spectra required by GSOWM. m. Significant potential exists for substantially improving overall D.H. system performance and for applying this remote sensing technique

30 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES to studies of the internal structure and flow of polar ice sheets as A large body of data on the hydrodynamic properties and well as temperate glaciers. Author electromagnetic signatures of continental shelf internal waves was obtained under a variety of wind, surface wave, and radar A86-33631 illumination conditions. D.H. SATELLITE IMAGING OF COASTAL FLOW CIRCULATION IN RELATION TO NUMERICAL MODELLING A86-33646 L. JONSSON (Lund, Universitet. Sweden) IN: 1985 International SAR-OBSERVED INTERNAL WAVE SIGNATURES FROM Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), SARSEX - INITIAL OBSERVATIONS Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, E. S. KASISCHKE, R. A. SHUCHMAN, and D. R. LYZENGA Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. (Michigan, Environmental Research Institute, Ann Arbor) IN: 1985 979-983. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Flow related problems have been investigated in the area of (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 the coastal waters near southern Sweden, using numerical models . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., and satellite imagery. Different kinds of approximation of flow 1985, p. 1129-1134. behavior are examined - the shallow water approach and laterally (Contract NO001 4-81-C-0692) integrated flow equations. Some of the applications are discussed The aircraft SAR data set collected during the 1984 SARSEX especially with reference to assumptions made and the remotely experiment is summarized. Digitally-recorded and processed sensed flow information. Satellite imaging has demonstrated its imagery (X- and L-band), collected on August 31, 1984, is potential of providing large-scale synoptic flow information in the presented, along with calibrated radar cross-section scans showing coastal waters off Scania, Sweden. Both temperature differences internal wave surface patterns. These scans reveal a distinct and suspended material were used as indicators. The findings difference for the signatures between X- and L-bands, with the have implications in several respects for numerical modeling. L-band signatures having a greater peak-to-background modulation. D.H. Also, the scans reveal that the SAR images range-traveling waves more distinctly than azimuth-traveling waves. Author AW-33632 APPLICABILITY OF ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION ALGORITHM 1186-33647 FORCZCSDATATOJAPANESECOASTALAREA SAR OBSERVED INTERNAL WAVE SIGNATURES FROM H. FUKUSHIMA (Tokai University, Shimizu, Japan) and T. SARSEX-COMPARISONS WITH SAR IMAGING MODELS OGlSHlMA (Hokkaido Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, R. A. SHUCHMAN, E. S. KASISCHKE, D. R. LYZENGA (Michigan, Kushiro, Japan) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Environmental Research Institute, Ann Arbor), and D. R. Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, THOMPSON (Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD) IN: 1985 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 987-992. refs (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 Several concepts are discussed on which NASA's atmospheric . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., correction algorithm strongly rely, based on the observed 1985, p. 1153-1 159. refs chlorophyll and irradiance data for Japanese coastal waters. The (Contract NO0014-81 -C-0692; N00024-83-C-5301) assumption that the water-leaving radiance at 670 nm is zero is This paper discusses comparisons between actual and model tested against the observed data and the error due to the predicted SAR intensities from internal waves collected during the assumption is evaluated. It is shown that the error might be 1984 SARSEX experiment. A SAR ocean surface imaging model significant for areas with high sediment concentrations.The spectral based upon the spectral perturbation of Bragg scatterers is relation of water-leaving radiance for various lambdas (the basis described. Results from this model are compared with the SAR for the iterative procedure used when the radiance at 670 nm is observations. At L-band, the model predictions compare favorably not zero) is also discussed. The regularly observed chlorophyll with the SAR observations for range-traveling internal waves. The concentration data from 1979-1983 around Japan are investigated model present predicts no surface signature for any X-band cases to check the presence, extent, and location of the 'clear water' and for L-band azimuth-traveling waves, whereas the SAR clearly area which acts as an anchor point for atmospheric correction. shows signatures for these cases. Other possible imaging Always finding such an area presents some difficulties, and this mechanisms are suggested. Author suggests the necessity for other algorithms that do not rely on this concept. D.H. ~86-34488 A86-33645 OPTIMAL DISPOSITION OF SATELLITE-TRACKED DRIFTING AN OVERVIEW OF THE SAR INTERNAL WAVE SIGNATURE BUOYS IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC [OB OPTIMAL'NOM EXPERIMENT RAZMESHCHENII V IUZHNOI ATLANTIKE DREIFUIUSHCHIKH R. F. GASPAROVIC and J. R. APEL (Johns Hopkins University, BUEV, OTSLEZHIVAEMYKH SO SPUTNIKOV] Laurel, MD) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote A. F. TRESHNIKOV, V. V. GURETSKII, A. I. DANILOV, V. N. Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, EREMEEV, L. M. IVANOV (Arkticheskii i Antarkticheskii 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Nauchno-lssledovatel'skii Institut, Leningrad, USSR) et al. Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 1123-1 128. Navy-supported Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Doklady (ISSN 0002-3264), vol. 287, no. research. 2, 1986, p. 430-434. In Russian. refs Activities during SARSEX Phase I (the synthetic aperture radar internal wave signature experiment) from August 27 to September A 86 - 3 4 7 4 3 7,1984 are summarized. SARSEX is a research program sponsored ESTIMATION OF SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE FROM AVHRR by the Office of Naval Research to investigate SAR imaging of DATA COMMENTS ON THE PAPER BY SINGH ET AL. (1985) oceanic internal wave surface effects. The experiment, conducted J. R. EYRE (Oxford University, England) International Journal of in the New York Bight south of Long Island was designed to yield Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, March 1986, p. calibrated SAR images of internal waves with coincident sea truth 465-469. refs data to provide quantitative tests of model predictions for internal The method proposed by Singh et al. (1985) for estimating wave signatures. Oceanographic measurements were made from sea-surface temperature using one channel of the Advanced Very two research vessels. Four current meter moorings were implanted High Resolution Radiometer is shown to be, in its optimum form, to measure internal wave currents. Dual frequency (X-band and mathematically equivalent to a simple linear regression method. L-band) SAR imagery was obtained from a CV-580 aircraft another The relationship between single-channel and split-window methods CV-580 aircraft flew a laser scatterometer and a third aircraft was and the reasons for the superiority of the latter over the former used for visual observation of the internal wave surface features. are discussed. Author

31 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES

A86-34754 for slowly moving hurricanes the maximum cooling occurs near or INVESTIGATION OF THE CONTENT OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN on the track. Because western North Atlantic hurricanes are often SEA AEROSOLS AND THE SURFACE MICROLAYER OFF SEA found in close proximity to high pressure systems, daytime satellite WATER [ ISSLEDOVANIE SODERZHANIIA MIKROELEMENTOV images must be made with some care because of diurnal V MORSKIKH AEROZOLICAKM I POVERKHNOSTNONI warming. Author MIKROSLOE MORSKOI VPDYl V. D. KORZH (AN SSSR, lnstitut Okeanologii, Moscow, USSR) A86-35550' Washington Univ., Seattle. Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Doklady (ISSN 0002-3264), vol. 286, no. A SIMPLE, OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS SCHEME FOR 6, 1986, p. 1348-1351. In Russian. refs SCAlTEROMETER DATA G. LEVY and R. A. BROWN (Washington, University, Seattle) A86-35278# Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 91, April ACCURACY ESTIMATE OF GEOID AND OCEAN TOPOGRAPHY 15, 1986, p. 5153-5158. refs RECOVERED JOINTLY FROM SATELLITE ALTIMETRY (Contract NAGW-679) C. A. WAGNER (NOAA, National Geodetic Survey, Rockville, MD) A simple economical objective analysis scheme is devised and Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 91, Jan. tested on real scatterometer data. It is designed to treat dense 10, 1986, p. 453-461. refs data such as those of the Seasat A Satellite Scatterometer (SASS) Joint determination of the geoid and permanent dynamic sea for individual or multiple passes, and preserves subsynoptic scale topography is demonstrated by simulation from direct use of features. Errors are evaluated with the aid of sampling ('bootstrap') satellite altimetry. The separation is feasible because of the statistical methods. In addition, sensitivity tests have been disparities between the error spectra of the geoid and its unique performed which establish qualitative confidence in calculated fields perturbative effects as seen on the orbit. The solution for the of divergence and vorticity. The SASS wind algorithm could be components of the permanent topography from 14 cm Seasat improved; however, the data at this point are limited by instrument altimetry promises to yield accurate results down to half errors rather than analysis errors. The analysis error is typically wavelengths of about 1000 km. Present discrimination of this negligible in comparison with the instrument error, but amounts to surface from disjoint satellite altimeter results appears to be at a 30 percent of the instrument error in areas of strong wind shear. scale near 4000 km. The radial effects of uncertainties in the M2 The scheme is very economical, and thus suitable for large volumes ocean tide on the Seasat orbit and altimeter measurements will of dense data such as SASS data. Author probably be only a minor contaminant of the solution. Author A86-35682 A86-35531 MICROWAVE RADIOMETRY FOR OIL POLLUTION INTENSITY MODULATION IN SAR IMAGES OF INTERNAL MONITORING, MEASUREMENTS, AND SYSTEMS WAVES N. SKOU (Danmarks Tekniske Hojskole, Lyngby, Denmark) D. R. THOMPSON and R. F. GASPAROVIC (Johns Hopkins (International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium University, Laurel, MD) Nature (ISSN 0028-0836), vol. 320, March 1IGARSS '841: From Research toward Operational Use, 27, 1986, p. 345-348. Navy-sponsored research. refs Strasbourg, France, Aug. 27-30, 1984) IEEE Transactions on During the SAR Signature Experiment (SARSEX), conducted in Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892), vol. GE-24, 1984 in the New York Bight off the eastern coast of the United May 1986, p. 360-367. refs States, SAR images of the ocean surface and concurrent Work is presently carried out in Europe to change the status ground-truth measurements were collected in order to test of the microwave radiometer, namely, to develop it from a research quantitatively various imaging theories. These theories predict that instrument to an operational instrument - especially for measuring the intensity modulations observed in SAR images of internal waves oil pollution on the sea surface. The Technical University of are produced by variations in the internal wave surface roughness Denmark (TUD), with its long experience in airborne microwave induced by spatial variations in the internal wave surface current radiometry, is heavily involved in this process. The TUD field. Analysis of the SARSEX data indicates that the imaging multichannel imaging radiometer system has been flown in several theories can explain the observed modulation for L-band SAR large-scale oil-pollution experiments, the collected data have been wavelengths, but underpredict by almost an order of magnitude analyzed, and they have revealed that care must be exercised to the observed X-band modulation. This discrepancy is explained obtain accurate oil volume estimations. Computer simulations of by hypothesizing a two-step mechanism in which the observed the total measurement situation have shown how the observed X-band modulation results from additional small-scale roughness difficulties come about and have indicated the countermeasures produced by the strong perturbation of meter-scale surface waves to apply. Based on the abovementioned exercises, optimum (and by the internal wave current field. C.D. practical) systems are being developed. Author

A86-35545 A86-35683'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF SEA SURFACE COOLING BY Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. HURRICANES AIRCRAFT AND SATELLITE PASSIVE MICROWAVE L. STRAMMA, P. CORNILLON (Rhode Island, University, OBSERVATIONS OF THE BERING SEA ICE COVER DURING Narragansett), and J. F. PRICE (Woods Hole Oceanographic MIZEX WEST Institution, MA) Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN D. J. CAVALIERI, P. GLOERSEN, and T. T. WILHEIT, JR. (NASA, 0148-0227), vol. 91, April 15, 1986, p. 5031-5035. refs Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD) (International (Contract N00014-81-C-0062; N00014-76-C-0197; NR PROJECT Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IIGARSS '841: From 083-165; NR PROJECT 083-400) Research toward Operational Use, Strasbourg, France, Aug. 27-30, Sea surface cooling associated with 13 hurricanes in the 1984) IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing western North Atlantic between September 1981 and December (ISSN 0196-2892), vol. GE-24, May 1986, p. 368-377. 1984 is examined, using satellite-derived sea surface temperature NASA-supported research. Previously announced in STAR as fields. Some surface cooling is observed in all cases; however, N84-33917. refs because of cloud cover and the fairly weak signal in some cases, Passive microwave measurements of the Bering Sea were made pronounced cooling is seen along an extensive and continuous with the NASA CV-990 airborne laboratory during February. portion of the storm path for only three strong hurricanes. The Microwave data were obtained with imaging and dual-polarized, persistence of cooling following the passage of a hurricane varies fixed-beam radiometers in a range of frequencies from 10 to 183 from a few days to at least 16 days. The amplitude of cooling is GHz. The high resolution imagery at 92 GHz provides a particularly moderately well correlated with hurricane strength, and is as large good description of the marginal ice zone delineating regions of as 3.5 C. When the hurricanes move rapidly, the maximum cooling open water, ice compactness, and ice-edge structure. Analysis of occurs well to the right of the track (approximately 70 km), whereas the fixed-beam data shows that spectral differences increase with

32 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES

a decrease in ice thickness. Polarization at 18 and 37 GHz A86-36096 distinguishes among new, young, and first-year ice types. ESA GRAVITY ANOMALIES AND SEA SURFACE HEIGHTS DERIVED FROM A COMBINED GEOS 3ISEASAT ALTIMETER DATA SET R. H. RAPP (Ohio State University, Columbus) Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 91, April 10, 1986, p. 4867-4876. refs A86-35688 (Contract F19628-82-K-0022) RELATIVE VERTICAL POSITIONING USING GROUND-LEVEL The development of a set of gravity anomalies and sea surface TRANSPONDERS WITH THE ERS-1 ALTIMETER height (SSH) on a 0.125 deg grid from altimeter data is described. R. J. POWELL (SERC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, The gravity anomalies and SSH set are estimated using Mortiz's England) IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (1980) method of least squares collocation. The point prediction (ISSN 0196-2892), vol. GE-24, May 1986, p. 421-425. tests performed to evaluate the accuracy of the gravity anomaly The use of the ERS-1 satellite altimeter to measure the relative predictions are examined. The effect of sea surface topography vertical position of land-based transponders and the ocean geoid on the predicted anomalies is studied. The predicted anomalies on 2000-km-long segments of the satellite ground track is proposed. are compared with ship gravity data. The calculation of power The procedures and equations for calculating delay measurements, spectra from the point predictions and of geoid undulation power evaluating their accuracy, and converting the delay data to range between specified spherical harmonic degrees are discussed. measurements are described. The usefulness of this technique is I.F. tested by obtaining measurements from aircraft using the RAL altimeter over ground-based corner reflectors; the experiment A86-36480 revealed the accuracy of the vertical positioning data and the PROBABILISTIC MODELING OF FIELDS OF ATMOSPHERIC validity of the predicted delay resolution. The vertical positioning TURBULENCE AND SEA ROUGHNESS WITH REFERENCE TO data are applicable for altimeter calibration, measurements of THE STUDY OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS [VEROIATNOSTNOE sea-state bias effects, seismic and geodetic studies, and satellite MODELIROVANIE POLEI TURBULENTNOSTI ATMOSFERY I orbit measurements. I.F. MORSKOGO VOLNENllA PRI ISSLEDOVANII SLOZHNYKH SISTEM] IU. 1. PALAGIN, S. V. FEWTOV, and A. S. SHALYGIN Radiotekhnika i Elektronika (ISSN 0033-8494), vol. 31, April 1986, A86-35860# p. 721-727. In Russian. refs Simulation models of atmospheric turbulence and sea WIND DEPENDENCE OF L-BAND RADAR BACKSCAlTER A. SARKAR, L. BHADURI, and R. KUMAR (Indian Space Research roughness are developed on the basis of parametric Organization, Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad, India) representations of random fields. The models do not exhibit errors 1 Defence Science Journal (ISSN 0011-748X), vol. 35, Oct. 1985, in relation to the spectral-correlation characteristics, require a p. 383-389. limited computation volume, and are convenient for implementation on both digital and analog processors. The present approach is Like other microwave frequency bands, L-band scattering applied to the statistical modeling of the motion-control system of coefficient measurements have shown a definite dependence on a flight vehicle with a radar altimeter. Author ocean surface wind speed 0.The relationship between the two depends on the observation angle of the radar. The satellite-borne L-band radars Seasat-SAR and SIR-A made observations at fixed A86-36788 incidence angles, while the just completed SIR-B mission has made POSITION FIXING AFLOAT observations at multiple incidence angles. The present work uses A. E. INGHAM (Meeting on Location-Terrestrial Positioning and the theory of scattering from a composite surface and generates Geometric Correction of Imagery, University of Nottingham. an analytic function of the relationship between the scattering England, May 23, 1984) International Journal of Remote Sen9ng coefficient and W for varying incidence angle at L-band by the (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, April 1986, p. 541-546. method of empirical curve fitting. Author The utopian notion of position determination at sea is for an unlimited number of users to obtain an unambiguous, extremely accurate positioning facility, not only at the sea surface but also on the seabed or anywhere in between, 24 hours per day, continuously and in all weathers. This has traditionally implied such 1 A86-36048 unattainable standards of technology that the notion has inspired SATELLITE THERMAL OBSERVATION OF OIL SLICKS ON THE little but cynical laughter. Now however, the notion has become PERSIAN GULF reality for most of the practical situations encountered offshore. 1. ASANUMA. K. MUNEYAMA, Y. SASAKI (Japan Marine Science The question of how accurate a position should be can still evoke and Technology Center, Yokosuka ), J. IISAKA (Canada Centre debate, of course, but only remote sensing and, perhaps, geodesy i for Remote Sensing, Ottawa), Y. YASUDA (Chiba, University, demand, on occasion, higher standards than are attainable by 1 Japan) et al. Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257), contemporary methods. This paper attempts to set in perspective I vol. 19, April 1986, p. 171-186. refs the various methods employed to determine position offshore and I A possibility of oil slicks detection is discussed for oil slicks to discuss in general terms the several approaches to the accuracy I spread in the vicinity of the Nowruz oil fields in the Persian Gulf requirement. Author 1 since March 1983 to July 1983 with considering an apparent thermal I inertia. The apparent thermal was computed from continuous A86-36954# observations of sea surface temperature and albedo by the REMOTE SENSING WITH THE JINDALEE SKYWAVE RADAR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on the S. J. ANDERSON (Department of Defence, Electronics Research ! NOAAJ through day and night with 12 h interval. The apparent Laboratory, Adelaide, Australia) IN: Conference on the Ionosphere thermal inertia is defined as a function of a temperature difference and Radio Wave Propagation, 3rd, Sydney, Australia, February between the daytime and the nighttime and an apparent albedo. 11-1 5, 1985, Proceedings . Darlinghurst, Australia, Ionospheric ' Sea surface temperature used for computing the apparent thermal Prediction Service, 1985, 4 p. refs 1 inertia was obtained through an atmospheric correction with an An account is given of the use of the Jindalee skywave radar empirical equation which uses an energy difference between two to produce a surface wind map that was transmitted over a facsimile ' thermal channels of the AVHRR. Although there was an ambiguity link from near Alice Springs to the Bureau of Meteorology Regional on a selection of same object on water body, the computed office in Darwin. The event, on February 7, 1985, marked the apparent thermal inertia showed the possibility of oil slicks detection commencement of what may one day become a routine service - from sea water. Author the provision of real-time wind and sea-state information extracted

33 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES from skywave radar echoes. A concerted effort is under way to sea level variability in the equatorial Pacific for the duration of the establish the viability and utility of employing the radar in this Geosat mission (approximately 3 years) can be constructed. secondary (nonmilitary) role. Direct observables are: Author Bragg-resonant wave ratio; surface current, dominant wavenumber; swell frequency and direction; sea-state; nondirection spectrum; A86-38718# and directional spectrum. Wind direction and wind speed are ERS-1 - OUR NEW WINDOW ON THE OCEANS FOR THE inferred. Topics discussed include: the influence of the ionosphere; 1990s estimation of ocean surface parameters; validation of estimation D. T. LLEWELLYN-JONES (SERC. Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, procedures; and present and future radar capabilities. D.H. Didcot, England) British Interplanetary Society, Journal (Space Science) (ISSN 0007-084X), vol. 39, May 1986, p. 228-234. A86-370 13 ESA's First Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-1) due for launch ASSESSMENT AND TRENDS OF FLORIDA'S MARINE in 1989 will monitor a carefully selected set of geophysical FISHERIES HABITAT AN INTEGRATION OF AERIAL parameters in an effort to describe the state of the sea-surface. PHOTOGRAPHY AND THEMATIC MAPPER IMAGERY The payload instruments of ERS-1, how they make their K. D. HADDAD and 6. A. HARRIS (Florida Department of Natural measurements, and how the data will be dealt with, are described Resources, St. Petersburg) IN: Machine processing of remotely and discussed. The payload consists of three microwave radars: sensed data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, (1) a wind and wave scatterometer, (2) a synthetic aperture radar, and analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International and (3) a radar altimeter. These instruments are complemented Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27. 1985 . New York, by an Along Track Scanning Radiometer and a Precise Range Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. and Range-Rate Experiment. The concept of fast delivery data 130-138. refs products is an essential element of the ERS-1 system, meaning that the processed ERS-1 data will be distributed to designated A86-37506 points of contact within three hours of being obtained by the TECHNOLOGICAL IMPROVEMENTS TO NAVAL AVIATION spacecraft. It is concluded that these measurements will lead to a WEATHER SUPPORT better scientific understanding of ocean-atmosphere interactions; H. E. NICHOLSON (U.S. Navy, Fleet Numerical Oceanography moreover, they will pave the way to the application of such data Center, Monterey, CA) IN: InternationalConference on the Aviation products to a large range of commercial activities. K.K. Weather System, 2nd, Montreal, Canada, June 19-21, 1985, Preprints . Boston, MA, American Meteorological Society, 1985, N86-15969# Mound Lab., Miamisburg, Ohio. p. 321-324. OPERATIONAL METHODS FOR DATA INTERPOLATION Problems unique to US Naval Aviation weather support, the G. L. SILVER 1 Aug. 1985 37 p system currently in use, and technological advances for the near (Contract DE-AC04-76DP-00053) future are presented in detail. The Fleet Numerical Oceanography (DE85-016050; MLM-3277) Avail: NTlS HC A03/MF A01 Center (FNOC) in Monterey, California, is the center of the Naval The operational method for data treatment is illustrated: four, support system as it now exists. Using a real-time data base and five, six, and seven point echo functions, formulas for extremum weatherlocean prediction models, the FNOC supplies the basic evaluation and location, two-dimensional echo functions, equations forecast guidance to US Naval forces around the world, noting relating data in two-dimensional configurations, derivative methods, various drawbacks. The NEDN (Naval Environmental Data Network) and programs are given. DOE Oceanographic Data Distribution and Expansion System/ Satellite Data Processing Display System (NODDESBPADS), to be installed N86-23017# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, Va. in oceanography centers this year, is discussed. The NODDES USSR REPORT EARTH SCIENCES Abstracts Only side of the system will provide for communication, storage, 31 Mar. 1986 56 p Transl. into ENGLISH from various Russian manipulation and display of computer products and conventional articles data, while SPADS will do the same for satellite data. Other (JPRS-UES-86-004) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF A01 improvements to Naval Aviation weather support include the Progress is reported in U.S.S.R. earth sciences. Topics Aviation Support Display Station (ASDS) and the Optimum Path discussed include (1 ) meteorology; (2) oceanography; (3) terrestrial Aircraft Routing System (OPARS). ASDS will condense satellite geophysics; (4) atmospheric physics; and (5) artic and antarctic and radar images, alphanumeric data and computer-generated research. weather charts into one unit, while OPARS will provide information on the most efficient flight routes. K.K. N86-23203# Naval Ocean Research and Development Activity, Bay St. Louis, Miss. A86-38648# PROCEEDINGS OF THE ARCTIC OCEANOGRAPHY SEA LEVEL TIME SERIES IN THE EQUATORIAL PACIFIC FROM CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOP HELD AT THE NAVAL OCEAN SATELLITE ALTIMETRY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY, NSTL, US. ON L. MILLER, R. CHENEY, and D. MILBERT (NOAA, National Ocean JUNE 11-14, 1985 Service, Rockville, MD) Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 1985 293 p Conference held in Bay St. Louis, Miss., 11-14 0094-8276), vol. 13, May 1986, p. 475-478. refs Jun. 1985 Geosat, a Navy satellite launched in March 1985, will provide (AD-A162578) Avail: NTlS HC A13/MF A01 CSCL 20A the first long-term, global altimeter data set. These observations The four general subject areas were: Arctic Operations and will enable construction of monthly sea level maps of the equatorial acoustics; Buoys; and Sea Ice. Included titles are: MIZEX(Margina1 Pacific, much like those presently derived from island tide gauges, Ice Zone Experiment) Operations; International Ice Patrol but with greatly improved spatial resolution and coverage. During Operations; Remote Sensing for Polar Icebreaker Navigation in the first half of the Geosat mission, the satellite ground track will Sea Ice; Satellite Telemetry Buoys for Collection of Arctic Acoustic not repeat, requiring time series analyses to be based on altimetric and Environmental Data; Arctic Temperature - Conductivity Buoys; height differences at crossover points. The 3-month Seasat data Generation and Movement of Ice Islands near the Canadian Arctic set was used in the equatorial Pacific to test the feasibility and Archipelago; Effect of the Physical Properties of Ice on the High accuracy of this procedure. Crossover differences were sorted Frequency Acoustic Backscatter from an Ice Keel Model; Simulation into diamond-shaped areas with zonal and meridional dimensions Model for High-Frequency Underice Acoustic Backscattering; High of 200 and 400 km, respectively. The sea level time series in Frequency Acoustic Reflection from Flat Sea Ice; Use of each of these areas was then determined using objective analysis. Penetrators to Estimate the Properties of Ice in Arctic Regions; These computations show agreement within 5 cm between altimeter Acoustic Bottom Interaction Considerations in the Arctic; Horizontal and island tide gauge observations on time scales greater than 1 Directionalityof Ice Edge Noise; Characteristics of Industrial Sounds month. Using this technique, it is proposed that monthly maps of in the Shallow Beaufort Sea; A Multi-bounce, Single-scatter, Ray

34 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES

Theoretic Model for Under-ice Predictions, Frequency-domain N86-23211# National Environmental Satellite Service, Electromagnetic Ice-sounding; Radiometric Imagery of Sea Ice; Washington, D. C. Remote Sensing of the Marginal Ice Zone During MlZEX 83 and ENVIRONMENTAL DATA SOURCES FOR THE CHESAPEAKE 84; Variations in Bering Sea Ice Coverage Related to Large-scale BAY AREA Atmospheric Circulation Patterns; Determining Sea Ice Type and Jun. 1985 66 p Inferred Ice Thickness Distributions from Aerial Photographs; (PB86-110640; NESDIS-ENVIRON-INVENT-3) Avail: NTlS HC Pressure Ridge Morphology and Physical Properties of Sea Ice in A04/MF A01 CSCL 08C the Greenland Sea. GRA Chesapeake Bay is one of the largest and most productive estuaries in the world. It is a unique, irreplaceable natural--as well as national--resource. Declining harvests of fish and shellfish, N86-23207# Johns Hopkins Univ., Laurel, Md. Applied Physics however, have served notice that the Bay’s renewable living Lab. resources are endangered by deteriorating water quality and habitat STRATEGIES FOR THE CALIBRATION AND OPERATIONAL destruction. The primary purpose of this publication is to provide USE OF THE ERS-1 SAR WAVE MODE Final Report information about environmental data for the Chesapeake Bay area A. D. GOLDFINGER Paris ESA Mar. 1985 126 p refs that is available from the National Environmental Satellite, Data, Original contains color illustrations and Information Service. GRA (Contract ESTEC-5538/83) (JHU/APL/SDO-7565; ESA-CR(P)-2097) Avail: NTlS HC N86-23213# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, A07f MF A01 Miami, Fla. Oceanographic and Meteorological Labs. Algorithms for estimating ocean wave spectra and tracking HEAT BUDGET AND CLIMATIC ATLAS OF THE EQUATORIAL spectral peaks for ERS-1 Active Microwave instrument were ATLANTIC OCEAN DURING FGGE (FIRST GARP GLOBAL studied. Procedures for calibrating the system and validating the EXPERIMENT, 1979 algorithms are proposed. The ocean can be represented by a E. MARMOIEJO, J. F. FESTA, and R. L. MOLINAN Aug. 1985 two-scale model in which random local phenomena cause small 82 P uncorrelated variations in the ocean spectrum that are (PB86-111622; NOAA-TM-ERL-AOML-61) Avail: NTlS HC superimposed on slowly changing excursions due to macroscopic A05/MF A01 CSCL 08J effects. Macroscopic phenomena show correlation lengths of 50 Observations of surface oceanographic and meteorological to 100 km. Principal error sources in measuring spectral peak fields collected during the first GARP Global Experiment (FGGE) positions are: error inherent in measuring a static spectral peak; in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean have been combined and averaged error due to dynamic tracking effects; and error due to localized by month onto a 2 degree by 2 degree grid. Monthly distributions ocean excursions. Two bit quantization of the SAR signals is not of sea-surface temperature, wind speed and direction, air a significant error source. Spectra should be estimated from temperature, specific humidity, and cloud cover have been multilook imagery. If the number of looks is maximized, it does generated for the period from December 1978 through November not matter how the fixed buffer of SAR data is broken up into 1979. Net short-wave and long-wave radiation, and sensible and subimages. Author (ESA) latent heat flux distributions have been generated from surface data using the bulk aerodynamic formulas. Standard errors of the mean values have been computed along with monthly contoured N86-23208# National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. plots of each oceanographic and meteorological variable. GRA Div. of Polar Programs. ICE SHELVES OF ANTARCTICA N86-24002# Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt fuer N. I. BARKOV 1985 272 p Transl. into ENGLISH from the Luft- und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen (West Germany). Abt. mono. “Shelfove Ledniki Antarktidy” Leningrad, USSR, Hochfrequenzverfahren. Gidrometeorologicheskoe, 1971 ARCHIMEDES PROJECT REMOTE SENSING OF OIL SPILLS (PB86-106986; IT-75-52081) Avail: NTlS HC A1 2/MF A01 NORTH SEA EXPERIMENT, OCTOBER 1983. REPORT ON CSCL 08L DFVLR (SIDE-LOOKING AIRBORNE RADAR (SLAR) The vast areas occupied by ice shelves and their peripheral CONTRIBUTION location in Antarctica have attracted the attention of investigators F. WlTE Sep. 1985 30 p for long. Their special features have been studied and their role (DFVLR-FB-85-54; ISSN-0171-1342) Avail: NTlS HC AO3/MF in the mass budget of the continent’s ice cover examined. A01 ; DFVLR, Cologne DM 13 Information on the ice shelves, published till 1968, has been Oil pollution monitoring by SLAR was assessed in flight tests examined in the monograph. The author describes the special using specially created slicks. The SUR-system demonstrates its conditions of existence of ice shelves, their movement, morphology, ability to detect and image oil slicks even on a smooth water charging, the structure of the thermal regime, and their contribution surface. The received radar backscatter as a function of surface to the development of glaciation on the continent. In this respect, roughness and angle of incidence fluctuates considerably, so the particular attention has been paid to the study of the floating, probability to detect oil slicks increases by using steeper depression most representative, part of such ice formations. GRA angles than normal to obtain a large swath width. An important tool to improve the accuracy of classification is the data correction algorithm. The classification quality strongly depends on viewing N86-23209# National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. direction (best perpendicular to the waves) and on the sea state. Div. of Polar Programs. As expected VV-polarization is the preferable solution for oil slick PROBLEMS OF THE ARCTIC AND THE ANTARCTIC, monitoring with a SLAR. Author (ESA) COLLECTION OF ARTICLES, VOLUME 56, 1981 A. F. TRESHNIKOV 1985 167 p Transl. into ENGLISH of N86-24 112# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Problemy Arktiki i Antarktiki (USSR), Sbornik Statei, v. 56, 1981 Seattle, Wash. Marine Environmental Lab. p 1-159 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SURFACE OBSERVATIONS OVER (PB86-107109; TT-82-00-102) Avail: NTlS HC A08f MF A01 THE GLOBAL OCEANS AND THE SOUTHERN OSCILLATION CSCL 08C P. B. WRIGHT, T. P. MITCHELL, and J. M. WALLACE Jan. Many articles included in this volume deal with various aspects 1985 70 p Prepared in cooperation with Washington Univ., of the studies on sea ice, viz., conditions of regelation, thermal Seattle displacement, deformation and stresses, hummocking, morphology, (PB86-110038; NOAA-DR-ERL-PMEL-12) Avail: NTlS HC and techniques of thickness measurements. Another group of A04/MF A01 CSCL 048 articles deals with hydrometeorological forecasts, subsurface The atlas contains maps of correlation and regression currents, water density fields, etc. GRA coefficients between seasonal anomalies of surface meteorological

35 fields over the global Oceans and Darwin, Australia annual-mean NB6-24166# lnstituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos sea-level pressure anomalies. The statistics were calculated for Campos (Brazil). six consecutive seasons defined relative to the Darwin index. The DEVELOPMENT OF A SATELLITE-TRACKED resulting charts provide a description of the time evolution of OCEANOGRAPHIC DRIFTING BUOY FOR THE BRAZILIAN meteorological anomalies associated with the Southern Oscillation ANTARCTIC PROGRAM, PART 1 over the global oceans. GRA M. R. STEVENSON and E. M. B. ALONSO Feb. 1986 24 p refs Submitted for publication (INPE-3793-PRE/888) Avail: NTlS HC AO2/MF A01 The project Measurement of the Antarctic Current (MEDICA) N86-24120'# National Academy of Sciences - National Research which was to develop, build and launch drifting oceanographic Council, Washington, D. C. Commission on Physical Sciences, buoys, located by System ARGOS, in Antarctica is presented. Mathematics and Resources. The basis of the drifting buoy was to used a data collection platform PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON THE (DCP). A biconic geometry was used for the buoy hull to provide GLOBAL WEATHER EXPERIMENT CURRENT ACHIEVEMENTS good vertical stability and resistance to entrapment by ice. AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS, VOLUME 1 Flnal Report Fiberglass was used for its high strength to weight ratio, and the Oct. 1985 89 p refs Workshop held in Woods Hole, Mass., facility to use molds for production of the hulls. Sandwich 9-20 JuI. 1984 construction was incorporated and provided for outer and inner (Contract NSF ATM-80-25329) hulls of fiberglass with polyurethane foam between the walls. Within (NASA-CR-176720; NAS 1.261 76720) Avail: NTlS HC AOWMF the hull, the DCP unit and its interface box are mounted within a A01 CSCLO4B metal conical rack. The transmitting antenna is mounted on a A summary of the proceedings in which the most important metal base-plane disc and, in turn, is secured atop the rack. A findings stemming from the Global Weather Experiment (GWE) power supply, consisting of several hundred alkaline dry cells, are highlighted, additional key results and recommendations are suitably interconnectedand sealed within a plastic housing, resides comered, and the presentations and discussion are summarized. below the rack for maximum buoy stability. An additional thermistor Detailed achievements, unresolved problems, and is mounted in a housing on the conical cover of the buoy and recommendations are included. Author provides air temperature readings. The physical specifications and measuring capabilities of the sensors. E.A.K.

N86-24142*# National Academy of Sciences - National Research N86-24168# lnstituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sa0 Jose dos Council, Washington, 0. C. Commission on Physical Sciences, Campos (Brazil). Mathematics, and Resources. COMPARISON OF CIRCULATION ESTIMATES AND WINDS PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON THE BASED ON SHIPBOARD AND SATELLITE-TRACKED BUOY GLOBAL WEATHER EXPERIMENT CURRENT ACHIEVEMENTS DATA IN BRANSFIELD STRAIT, 9-14 MARCH, 1985, PART 3 AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS, VOLUME 2, PART 2 Flnal Report M. R. STEVENSON, H. M. INOSTROZAV, J. L. STECH, and E. Oct. 1985 414 p refs Workshop held in Woods Hole, Mass., M. B. ALONSO Feb. 1986 21 p refs Submitted for 9-20 Jul. 1984 Sponsored in cooperation with NASA and NOAA publication 3 VOl. (INPE-3795-PRE/890) Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF A01 (Contract NSF ATM-80-25329) The INPE freely drifting prototype oceanographic buoy (System (NASA-CR-176722; NAS 1.26:176722; PB86-139177) Avail: ARGOS) was launched successfully on 9 March at 1931 GMT, NTlS HC AlB/MF A01 CSCL 048 for a several day test experiment. During the 9 to 14 March, An assessment of the status of research using Global Weather 1985, interval, a set of 7 hydrographic stations was made in the Experiment (GWE) data and of the progress in meeting the Bransfield Strait to obtain information about temperature, salinity objectives of the GWE, Le., better knowledge and understanding and density. Results of the several day drifter trajectory are of the atmosphere in order to provide more useful weather presented together with a comparison with geostrophic circulation, prediction services. Volume Two consists of a compilation of the surface winds and air and sea temperatures. Mean drifter velocity papers presented during the workshop. These cover studies that was 27.0 cm/s toward 042 deg and confirmed a predicted NE addressed GWE research objectives and utilized GWE information. movement for the surface water layer. The surface geostrophic The titles in Part 2 of this volume include General Circulation current was toward 020 deg at 4 cm/s, at 10 m depth the current Planetary Waves, Interhemispheric, Cross-Equatorial Exchange, was toward 045 deg at 5 cm/s. Best agreement was found between Global Aspects of Monsoons, Midlatitude-Tropical Interactions the rifter trajectory and the geostrophic current at 10 m depth. At During Monsoons, Stratosphere, Southern Hemisphere, the time of buoy launch and for about one day thereafter, winds Parameterization, Design of Observations, Oceanography, Future were weak and toward 090 deg; after another day, however, the Possibilities, Research Gaps, with an Appendix. surface winds changed and blew generally toward 250 deg at speeds that gradually increased up to 16 kts, in opposition to the surface water motion. Air and water temperatures measured from the buoy are also discussed and compared with measurements N86-24161'# Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, made at the hydrographic stations. Author Calif. SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE FROM SATELLITES THE N86-24170# SACLANT ASW Research Center, La Spezia IMPACT OF FGGE Final Report (Italy). R. L. BERNSTEIN ln NAS-NRC Proceedings of the First National AN ATLAS OF ORIGINAL AND MERCATOR-TRANSFORMED Workshop on the Global Weather Experiment, Vol. 2, Pt. 2 p SATELLITE-DATA IMAGES OF THE ALBORAN SEA, 761-764 Oct. 1985 refs AUGUST-OCTOBER 1983 Avail: NTlS HG A18/MF A01 CSCL 04B E. NAClNl 1 Aug. 1985 132 p Spacecraft instruments first launched at the beginning of the (AD-A161 898; SACLANTCEN-SR-89) Avail: NTlS HC A07/MF FGGE year are now producing sea surface temperature data A01 CSCL 14E accurate to about 1 C. At larger scales, the errors are dominated A collection of satellite (NOAA7) images of the Alboran Sea in by systematic effects, some of which are instrumental, but most High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) and Automatic are geophysical, Le., correlated with volcanic aerosols, atmospheric Picture Transmission (APT) format in the visible, near-infrared, and water vapor, clouds, and surface wind. Progress is being made to thermal infrared fields is presented. Some of them have been identify and eliminate such errors and thereby provide sea surface transformed to Mercator projection in order to show how the use temperature data on a global basis consistently accurate to 0.5 of such images can aid in the preparation and conduct of C, which will be needed for studies of climate variability. Author oceanographic and other operations. The contents include: image

36 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES collection and processing, transformation to Mercator projection, covered and extended the NOCAL region. On each of these cruises, application to oceanographic studies, water masses, temperature hydrographic stations were occupied at approximately 19 km along profiling, comparison with synoptic weather charts, and tidal data. the track. For the AXBT flight, the along-track station spacing GRA varied between about 28 km and about 46 km. Data acquired during Legs DI and DII include XBT and CTD profiles; whereas N86-24172# Naval Ocean Research and Development Activity, data acquired during Leg P are AXBT profiles. Bucket surface Bay St. Louis, Miss. temperatures were taken at all CTD stations. A Rosette sampler

OCEAN WAVE~ SLOPE ~~~ STATISTICS FROM AUTOMATED was used to acquire deep salinity samples. These salinity samples ANALYSIS OF SUN GLllTER PHOTOGRAPHS Final Report were used for calibration purposes as well as contributions to the M. LYBANON Jun. 1985 65 p data base. GRA (AD-A161995; NORDA-103) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 08C N86-24180# Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, The image of the Sun reflected from the rough surface of the N. Y. sea forms a diffuse pattern, whose details depend on the nature MARGINAL ICE ZONE EXPERIMENT - 1984, PHYSICAL of the surface waves and swell. Consequently, statistics of the OCEANOGRAPHY REPORT USNS LYNCH AND slope distribution of the sea surface are related to the statistics HELICOPTER-BASED STD DATA of the Sun’s glitter on the sea surface. Aerial photographs are a T. 0. MANLEY Dec. 1985 291 p convenient medium for recording the glitter pattern. The (Contract NO0014-84-C-01 32) mathematical relationship to derive the sea surface slope statistics (AD-A163096; LDGO-85-7) Avail: NTlS HC Al3/MF A01 can be determined from an analysis of the imaging geometry. CSCL 08J However, analysis of the photographs can be a labor-intensive During the summer of 1984, the Arctic Oceanography procedure. The problem was first studied over thirty years ago. Department of Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory acquired Now, there are modern digital image processing systems and a total of 222 helicopter-based C/STD stations within the techniques that greatly increase the practicality of the analysis. ice-covered region of the Fram Strait to a nominal depth of 500 This report derives the relevant equations and describes an m. This program was accomplished as part of an international implementation on the Interactive Digital Satellite Image Processing experiment known as MlZEX East 1984. The two ships used in System (IDSIPS). The IDSIPS system is operated by the Remote helicopter operations the F/S Polarstern and the M/V Polarqueen. Sensing Branch of the Naval Ocean Research and Development The USNS Lynch was also used to obtain 26 CTD stations from Activity (NORDA). The report includes full formal documentation two separate legs into the Fram Strait. The first leg primarily of the computer software. Author (GRA) consisted of an open water transect of the strait at a latitude of 79 N. Stations were typically taken to within 10 m of the bottom N86-24173# Naval Ocean Research and Development Activity, and extended from the ice edge onto the shelf of Svalbard. The Bay St. Louis, Miss. second leg was more acoustically oriented and confined to the CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE OCEANOGRAPHY OF THE southern region of the Yermak Plateau. During this leg, 11 stations WESTERN ALBORAN SEA Final Report to a nominal depth of 450 m were taken. Standard level listings R. ARNONE, R. BARCAIA, G. DAWSON, F. FIEDLER, and G. of temperature, potential temperature, salinity, sigma-t, specific HEBURN Apr. 1985 120 p Presented at the 29th Congress volume anomaly, dynamic height, and sound velocity are given and Plenary Session of the International Commission for the for each cast along with profiles of temperature, salinity and Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean Sea, Lucerne, sigma-t. Author (GRA) Switzerland, 11-1 9 Oct. 1984 (AD-A162019; NORDA-TN-315) Avail: NTlS HC AO6/MF A01 N86-24181# Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, CSCL 08C N. Y. This compilation includes the following articles: Donde Va? PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY REPORT CAMP-BASED AND An Oceanographic Experiment in the Alboran Sea. The Donde Va HELICOPTER-BASED STD DATA FROM THE DRIFTING ICE Group; The Hydrographic Structure of the Alboran Sea Gyre, June STATION FRAM 3 and October 1982; NIMBUS-7/CZCS Derived Maps of T. 0. MANLEY and D. B. CAMP Dec. 1985 339 p Near-Surface Chlorophyll; The Flow of Atlantic Water into the (Contract N00014-84-C-0132) Alboran Sea During Donde Va; A Time Series Station at the Eastern (AD-A163097; LDGO-85-8) Avail: NTlS HC A1 5/MF A01 Entrance of the Strait of Gibraltar; A Preliminary Study of a Standing CSCL 08J Interval Wave in the Western Approaches to the Strait of Gibraltar; During the spring of 1981, a manned camp was established Effects of Wind Versus Hydraulic Forcing on the Dynamics of the on a drifting ice floe north of Spitzbergen. During the 61 days of Western Mediterranean Sea; and Computational Methods for Two occupation, the Arctic Oceanography Department of Problems in Air-Sea Interaction. GRA Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory obtained a total of 194 STD stations from the combined efforts of personnel in charge of N86-24176# Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Calif. camp-based and helicopter-basedoperations. This report describes HYDROGRAPHIC DATA FROM THE OPTOMA PROGRAM, the methods used in the acquisition and processing of the data OPTOMA17: OPTOMA17 P, 21 JULY 1985, OPTOMA17 LEG and provides output for each case. The output consists of standard DI, 10-22 AUGUST 1985, OPTOMA17 LEG Dll, 23 AUGUST - 5 level listings of temperature, potential temperature, salinity, sigma-t, SEPTEMBER 1985 Report, Oct. 1982 - Sep. 1985 specific volume anomaly, dynamic height, and sound velocity, along P. A. WITTMANN, E. A. KELLEY, JR., and C. N. K. MOOERS with corresponding profiles of temperature, salinity and sigma-t. Oct. 1985 133 p Author (GRA) (AD-A162067; NPS68-85-026) Avail: NTlS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 08C N86-24182# National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. The Ocean Prediction Through Observations, Modeling and Div. of Polar Programs. Analysis (OPTOMA) Program seeks to understand the mesoscale PROBLEMS OF THE ARCTIC AND THE ANTARCTIC, (fronts, eddies, and jets) variability and dynamics of the California COLLECTION OF ARTICLES, VOL. 57, 1981 Current System and to determine the scientific limits to practical A. F. TRESHNIKOV, ed. 1985 151 p Transl. into ENGLISH mesoscale ocean forecasting. To help carry out the aims of this of Sbornik Statei (USSR), v. 57, 1981 p 1-142 project, a series of cruises has been planned in two subdomains, (PB86-106994; lT-82-00-104) Avail: NTlS HC AO8/MF A01 NOCAL and CENCAL. The two cruises and one AXBT flight CSCL 08C comprising OPTOMA17 were undertaken in the USNS DE Problems of polar oceanography; hydrochemical studies in the STEIGUER and a Reserve Patrol Wing P3B aircraft. Hydrographic Arctic Ocean; general distribution variability of ice in the World data were acquired off the coast of California in an area which Ocean as a climate-forming factor; air-sea interaction in the Arctic

37 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES basin and the North Atlantic; physics of ice and the ocean; N86-25962# Marine Research Inst., Helsinki (Finland). long-range meteorological forecasts are reported. GRA INVESTIGATION OF ICE DYNAMICS IN THE MARGINAL ICE ZONE Interim Report, 16 May - 30 Sep. 1985 M. LEPPAERANTA 30 Sep. 1985 11 p refs N86-25100'# Applied Science Associates, Inc., Apex, N.C. (Contract DAJA45-83-C-0034) STUDIES RELATED TO OCEAN DYNAMICS. TASK 3.2: (AD-A164364; IR-6) Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 08L AIRCRAFT FIELD TEST PROGRAM TO INVESTIGATE THE MIZEX-83 was a pilot study program in the Greenland Sea ABILITY OF REMOTE SENSING METHODS TO MEASURE where ice kinematics data could be collected for about ten days. CURRENT/WIND-WAVE INTERACTIONS Final Report Ocean current measurements were simultaneously made beneath N. E. HUANG, W. A. FLOOD, and G. S. BROWN May 1975 the same ice floes as we had transponders for the ice kinematics 74 p refs at three stations. The currents were measured with Aanderaa (Contract NAS6-2520) current recorders giving the mean absolute speed and (NASA-CR-168349; NAS 1.26:168439) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF instantaneous direction at ten-minute intervals. The ice kinematics A01 CSCLO8C data describe relative motion between the stations. Thus in The feasibility of remote sensing of current flows in the ocean comparing ice and current kinematics we consider the relative and the remote sensing of ocean currents by backscattering cross motion, i.e., spatial fluctuations of velocity between two stations section techniques was studied. It was established that for capillary and the rate of deformation given by the three stations. The active waves, small scale currents could be accurately measured through role of ice in the ice-ocean system has a consequence that an observation of wave kinematics. Drastic modifications of waves ocean dynamics model for the ice margin problems should have by changing currents were noted. The development of new methods an advanced ice dynamics model coupled with it. The ice motion for the measurement of capillary waves are discussed. lmprovement was also measured with Argos satellite buoys. They are very good methods to resolve data processing problems are suggested. for measuring trajectories. GRA E.A.K.

N86-25104# Hawaii Inst. of Geophysics, Honolulu. MONTHLY MAPS OF SEA LEVEL ANOMALIES IN THE PACIFIC, N86-26313# Pacific Missile Test Center, Point Mugu, Calif. 1975 1981. REPORT ON THE IGOSS (INTEGRATED GLOBAL NAVSTAR GPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM) ACCURACY OCEAN SERVICES SYSTEM) SEA LEVEL PILOT PROJECT WHILE SURVEYING ARRAYS OF DEEP OCEAN K. WYRTKI and S. NAKAHARA Aug. 1984 96 p TRANSPONDERS (Contract NA80RA-H-00002) L. A. ANDERSON Dec. 1985 21 p (AD-A163061 ; HIG-84-3; JIMAR-84-0085) Avail: NTlS HC (AD-A163364; PMTC-TP-000037) Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF A01 A05/MF A01 CSCL 08C CSCL 17G Sea level data obtained on islands in the tropical and subtropical The observed accuracy of the Navstar GPS Global Positioning Pacific Ocean are used to compile maps of the sea level anomaly System when used with acoustic data to geodetically locate arrays for each month of the period January 1975 to December 1981. of bottom-mounted ocean transponders is presented. Two arrays The maps reveal the large horizontal coherence of sea level were to be located, and each was surveyed on several separate anomalies with space scales of several thousand kilometers. occasions. In addition to GPS with dual frequency precise P-code, Coherence scales are larger in the east-west than in the north-south the arrays were located by using Argo, Syledis. Transit satellites, direction. The anomalies are also coherent over many months and by several other tracking methods. Because the array positions indicating a dominance of low-frequency variations. GRA have been well determined, the data is now able to reveal the absolute GPS fix error while at sea. For one survey, ground truth information from the Yuma GPS facility, 263 nautical miles (487 N86-25106# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, km) away, was used to reduce measurement bias. GRA Boulder, Colo. Wave Propagation Lab. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION (WAVE PROPAGATION LABORATORY, BOULDER, COLORADO) Oct. 1985 50 p (PB86-139524) Avail: NTlS HC AO3/MF A01 CSCL 08C N86-26517# Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge. Coastal Studies The nation's geophysical research and service is to be improved Inst. through creation and application of new remote measurement METHODS OF OBTAINING OFFSHORE WIND DIRECTION AND systems. Essential functions include: Wave propagation studies; SEA-STATE DATA FROM X-BAND AIRCRAFT SAR (SYNTHETIC Technique development; Atmospheric and Oceanic research; APERTURE RADAR) IMAGERY OF COASTAL WATERS Technology transfer. GRA G. A. MASTIN, C. A. HARLOW, 0. K. HUH, and S. A. HSU Apr. 1985 18p (Contract N00014-83-C-0150) N86-25939# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, (AD-A165552; TR-410) Avail: NTlS HC AO2/MF A01 CSCL Seattle, Wash. Marine Environmental Lab. 171 SEA ICE DYNAMICS AND REGIONAL METEOROLOGY FOR THE X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery of the Goto ARCTIC POLYNYA EXPERIMENT (APEXFBERING SEA 1985 Islands of Japan was digitally analyzed to extract air-sea interaction C. H. PEASE, M. REYNOLDS, G. A. GALASSO, V. L. LONG, and parameters and to assess the potential of texture measures in S. A. SAL0 Oct. 1985 129 p analysis of SAR ocean imagery. Wind direction is extracted from (PB86-148038; NOM-TM-ERL-PMEL-64) Avail: NTlS HC wind rows, wind streaks, and random turbulence patterns observed A07/MF A01 CSCL 048 in the SAR imagery. Sea-state parameters are either extracted The purpose of the Artic Polynya Experiment (APEX) is to directly from the imagery or estimated using the extracted investigate physical processes and thermodynamics in the information in previously established empirical formulas. A atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean in the vicinity of St. Lawrence convenient method of digitally presenting imagery, local power Island in the northern Bering Sea. The relative importance on sea spectra, and the extracted/estimated parameters is presented. ice motion of baroclinic currents due to brine rejection during the Texture analysis based on gray-level co-occurrence (GLC) matrices freezing of ice in the polynya, barotropic currents due to set-up is applied to SAR ocean imagery. The inertia measure is shown on the shelf, internal ice stress due to the presence of St. Lawrence to extract similar information to the power spectrum. The Island, wind stress and Coriolis force are being considered through cluster-shade measure is shown to be sensitive to image phase. a measurement and modeling program. GRA GRA 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES

N86-26670'# University of South Florida, St. Petersburg. Dept. N86-26782'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. of Marine Science. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. A SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF THE FATE OF PHYTOPLANKTON OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS OF TIDAL FIELDS IN THE ATLANTIC WITHIN THE MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT AND INDIAN OCEANS J. J. WALSH, D. A. DIETERLE, and M. B. MEYERS 1986 62 p B. V. SANCHEZ, D. B. RAO (National Meteorological Center, (Contract NAGW-678) Washington, D.C.), and S. D. STEENROD (Applied Research Corp., (NASA-CR-177265; NAS 1.26:177265) Avail: NTlS HC AO4/MF Landover, Md.) Jun. 1986 25 p refs A01 CSCL08A (NASA-TM-87773; NAS 1.1587773; REPT-86B0195) Avail: A time-dependent, three-dimensional simulation model of NTlS HC AO2IMF A01 CSCL 08C wind-induced changes of the circulation field, of light and nutrient An objective analysis technique has been developed to regulation of photosynthesis, of vertical mixing as well as algal extrapolate tidal amplitudes and phases over entire ocean basins sinking, and of herbivore grazing stress, is used to analyze the using existing gauge data and the altimetric measurements which seasonal production, consumption, and transport of the spring are now beginning to be provided by satellite oceanography. The bloom within the mid-Atlantic Bight. The particular case (c) of a technique was previously tested in the Lake Superior basin. The 58-day period in February-April 1979, simulated primary production, method has now been developed and applied in the Atlantic-Indian based on both nitrate and recycled nitrogen, with a mean of 0.62 ocean basins using a 6 deg x 6 deg grid to test its essential g C sq m/day over the whole model domain, and an export at features. The functions used in the interpolation are the the shelf-break off Long Island of 2.60 g chl sq miday within the eigenfunctions of the velocity potential (Proudman functions) which lower third of the water column. About 57% of the carbon fixation are computed numerically from a knowledge of the basin's bottom was removed by herbivores, with 21% lost as export, either topography, the horizontal plan form and the necessary boundary downshelf or offshore to slope waters, after the first 58 days of conditions. These functions are characteristic of the particular basin. the spring bloom. Extension of the model for another 22 days of The gravitational normal modes of the basin are computed as case (c) increased the mean export to 27%, while variation of the part of the investigation, they are used to obtain the theoretical model's parameters in 8 other cases led to a range in export forced solutions for the tidal constituents, the latter provide the from 8% to 38% of the average primary production. Spatial and simulated data for the testing of the method and serve as a temporal variations of the simulated alba1 biomass, left behind in guide in choosing the most energetic modes for the Objective the shelf water column, reproduced chlorophyll fields sensed by analysis. The results of the objective analysis of the M2 and K1 satellite, shipboard, and in situ instruments. Author tidal constituents indicate the possibility of recovering the tidal signal with a degree of accuracy well within the error bounds of present day satellite techniques. Author N86-26716# Coast Guard, Washington, D.C. A REVIEW OF METHODS TO TRACK OIL IN ARCTIC WATERS N86-26783'# Alaska Univ., Anchorage. Final Report INFLUENCE OF THE YUKON RIVER ON THE BERING SEA J. W. STMARTIN Jun. 1985 25 p refs Progress Report (AD-A164679; USCG-D-28-85) Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF A01 K. DEAN and C. P. MCROY 1986 12 p refs Original CSCL 138 contains color illustrations A review of available literature on the tracking of oil in Arctic (Contract NAS5-28769) environments was conducted. The effectiveness of satellite and (NASA-CR-177310; NAS 1.26:177310) Avail: NTlS HC AO2IMF aircraft mounted detection devices used in locating oil-on-water, A01 CSCL 1OC ice or in an ice/water mixture was examined. Oil spill tracking The relationships between the discharge of the Yukon River buoys and devices, both micro and macro scale, were also reviewed to the currents and biological productivity in the northern Bering with their applicability to the Arctic environment detailed. Sea were studied. Specific objectives were: to develop thermal, Recommendations were made for the US. Coast Guard to use sediment, and chlorophyll surface maps using Thematic Mapper ARGOS system buoys on Arctic oil spills for long term tracking of (TM) data of the discharge of the Yukon River and the Alaskan movement. An additional recommendationwas made for the future Coastal Current during the ice free season; to develop a historical testing of the HU-25A mounted AIREYE surveillance system or model of the distribution of the Yukon River discharge and the an HC-130 mounted sensor package on oil spilled in an Arctic Alaskan Coastal Current using LANDSAT Multispectral band environment. Author (GRA) scanner (MSS) and NOAA satellite imagery; and to use high resolution TM data to define the surface dynamics of the front between the Alaskan Coastal Current and the Bering ShelfiAnadyr N86-26758*# Florida State Univ., Tallahassee. Dept. of Current. LANDSAT MSS, TM, and Advanced Very High Resolution Meteorology. Radiometer (AVHRR) data were recorded during the 1985 ice AN INVESTIGATION OF THE MARINE BOUNDARY LAYER free period. The data coincided with shipboard measurements DURING COLD AIR OUTBREAK Final Report acquired by Inner Shelf Transfer and Recycling (ISTAR) project S. A. STAGE Jul. 1986 26 p refs scientists. An integrated model of the distribution of turbid water (Contract NAG5-332) discharged from the Yukon River was compiled. A similar model (NASA-CR-177287; NAS 1.26:177287) Avail: NTlS HC A03/MF is also being compiled for the Alaskan Coastal and Bering A01 CSCLO4B Shelf/Anadyr water masses based on their thermal expressions Methods for use in the remote estimation of ocean surface seen on AVHRR imagery. B.G. sensible and latent heat fluxes were developed and evaluated. Three different techniques were developed for determining these N86-26788# Science Applications International Corp., College fluxes. These methods are: (1) Obtaining surface sensible and Station, Tex. latent heat fluxes from satellite measurements; (2)Obtaining surface A STUDY OF SEA ICE KINEMATICS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP sensible and latent heat fluxes from an MABL model; (3) A method TO ARCTIC AMBIENT NOISE. PART 3, SECTION 1: AMBIENT using horizontal transfer coefficients. These techniques are not NOISE. SECTION 2 AMBIENT NOISE Final Report, Mar. 1985 - very sensitive to errors in the data and therefore appear to hold Feb. 1986 promise of producing useful answers. Questions remain about how J. K. LEWIS and W. W. DENNER Feb. 1986 327 p Closely the structure of the real atmosphere agrees with the (Contract NO0014-85-C-0531) assumptions made for each of these techniques, and, therefore (AD-A165304; AD-EBO1922; SAIC-85/1950-PT-3; about how well these techniques can perform in actual use. The SAlEl-425-07-356-1O-PT-3-SE) Avail: NTlS HC A1 5/MF A01 value of these techniques is that they promise to provide methods CSCL 08L for the determination of fluxes over regions where very few This report details the kinematic analysis of sea ice motion traditional measurement exist. E.R. data collected during the Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment

39 (AIDJEX) in the Beaufort Sea. In addition, relationships between Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. The National Environmental the ice kinematic parameters and associated ambient noise are Satellite, Data, and Information Service operates the Polar-orbiting presented. These relationships were determined by an extensive Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) and Geostationary correlation process between the noise and ice motion time histories. Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) systems and provides Time scales of the various modes of ice motion were calculated data archive and distribution services to the public and private by season. Also, seasonal time and space scales were calculated sectors. The satellite support needed to help meet their mission for ambient noise at 10 Hz, 32 Hz, and 1000 Hz. Contents of this goals through the end of this century are presented as they have section include: Seasonal Arctic Ambient Noise Variations, Beaufort been identified by each agency. The requirements specified in Sea, 1975-1976; Two-Dimensional Contour Maps of Arctic Ambient this report will be a major factor in the long-range planning for Noise Variations, 8-9 August 1975 (Summer); and Two-Dimensional NOAA's future satellite programs. Author (GRA) Contour Maps of Arctic Ambient Noise Variations, 16-17 November 1975 (Fall). GRA N86-27694# Meteorological Satellite Center, Tokyo (Japan). METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE CENTER TECHNICAL NOTE, N86-26789# Science Applications International Corp.. College NO. 13, 1986 Station, Tex. Mar. 1986 73 D In ENGLISH and JAPANESE A STUDY OF SEA ICE KINEMATICS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP (ISSN-0388-9655) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF A01 TO ARCTIC AMBIENT NOISE. PART 3, SECTION 3 AMBIENT Two articles are presented, one addressing the land-sea NOISE Final Report, Mar. 1985 - Feb. 1986 contrast in the Earth radiation budget and the other discussing J. K. LEWIS and W. W. DENNER Feb. 1986 107 p the Cb cloud vortical pattern apart from a typhoon pressure center. (Contract NO001 4-85-C-0531) In addition, a bibliography of references dealing with the use of (AD-A165305; AD-E301 922; SAIC-85/1950-PT-3-SEC-3; satellite data in practical work and research is given. SAC1-425-07-356-10-PT-3-2) Avail: NTlS HC AO6/MF A01 GSCL 08L N86-27695# Meteorological Satellite Center, Tokyo (Japan). This report details the kinetic analysis of sea ice motion data ON LAND-SEA CONTRAST IN THE EARTH RADIATION collected during the Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment (AIDJEX) BUDGET in the Beaufort Sea. In addition, relationships between the ice 1. KUBOTA and H. IMAl ln its Meteorological Satellite Center kinematic parameters and associated ambient noise are presented. Technical Note, no. 13, 1986 (ISSN-0388-9653) p 1-31 Mar. These relationships were determined by an extensive correlation 1986 In JAPANESE; ENGLISH summary process between the noise and ice motion time histories. Time Avail: NTlS HC AOUMF A01 scales of the various modes of ice motion were calculated by In order to make clear the difference between the Earth's season. Also, seasonal time and space scales were calculated radiation budget over land and over sea, three components of for ambient noise at 10 Hz, 32 Hz, and 1000 Hz. Contents of this the budget; absorbed solar radiation, emitted terrestrial radiation, section include: Seasonal Arctic Ambient Noise Temporal and net total radiation N on the Earth-atmosphere system measured Autocorrelations, Beaufort Sea, 1975-1976; Seasonal Arctic by the wide field of view sensor aboard NIMBUS 7 were analyzed Ambient Noise Spatial Autocorrelations, Beaufort Sea, 1975-1976; for the period during November 1978 to October 1979. The resultant Seasonal Arctic Ambient Noise Power Spectra, Beaufort Sea, zonal averages over each land and sea showed following facts. 1975-1976. GRA Both S and N in the latitudinal range 40 degrees around the solar declination are above 40 W/sq m larger over the sea than over N86-26791# Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge. Marine land. The excess of S over sea beyond land stems mainly from Industry Advisory Services. differences of both clear-sky albedo and cloud amount between REMOTE SENSING AND OCEANOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT over land and over sea. In the latitudinal range 30 degrees centered TECHNOLOGY: SOME PRESENT SYSTEMS AND FUTURE 60N or 60S, S over land in summer is above 15 W/sq m greater NEEDS, REVISED then over sea contrary to the low latitudes. Finally, examination 1 Aug. 1985 24 p Sponsored by NOAA of latitudinal variation of T all the year round shows that there are (Contract NA84AA-D-00046) a minimum zone near the equator corresponding to ITCZ, and a (PB86-156502; MITSG-85-21; OPPORTUNITY-BRIEF-41) Avail: maximum zone in the subtropical area of each hemisphere NTlS HC AO2/MF A01 CSCL O8C corresponding to the subtropical high pressures or the downward Satellite sensing systems offer new capabilities for obtaining stream branches of the direct circulation. The minimum in the synoptic data which can be used for understanding the dynamics zonal monthly average over land tends to be lower than over sea of the ocean. While satellites have expanded our potential for and the both maximums over land tend to be greater than over exploring the ocean, they have also increased the demand for sea. These facts show that the direct circulation over land looks extensive in situ measurements (footprints or 'ground truth') to more active than over sea. Author calibrate the remotely observed data. Used together with computer models, in situ measurements and satellite measurements provide N86-27697 GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht (West new insights into the dynamics of the ocean, such as the motions Germany). of warm core rings north of the Gulf Stream. Modelling, satellite ON THE INFORMATION CONTENT OF MULTISPECTRAL imagery and in situ measurements are being combined in ways RADIANCEMEASUREMENTSOVERAN OCEAN which promise very significant advances in studying natural J. FISCHER 1985 16 p Repr. from International Journal of phenomena. GRA Remote Sensing, v. 6, no. 5, 1985 p 773-786 In GERMAN (GKSS-85/E/43; ISSN-0344-9629; ESA-86-96898) Avail: Issuing N86-27414# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Activity Washington, D. C. An eigenvalue analysis and a multivariate significance test are NOMSATELLITE REQUIREMENTS FORECAST Flnal Report applied to the problem of measuring suspended matter, D. COTTER, L. FISHER, D. MONTGOMERY, T. PYLE, and F. phytoplankton, and yellow substance from ship, aircraft, or satellite. ZBAR May 1985 119 p The number of linearly independent pieces of information is inferred (AD-A165244) Avail: NTlS HC AO6/MF A01 CSCL 228 from multispectralradiance measurements at six wavelengths within Environmental satellites have been an essential component of the visible part of the spectrum. The radiances analyzed are NOMSglobal observing system for 25 years. This report offers calculated with a radiative transfer model (matrix operator method) a projection of NOAA's requirements for satellite data and services for an atmosphere-ocean system and realistic variations of covering the next 15 years. These requirements derive from the scattering and absorption by hydrosols in ocean waters, as well mission responsibilities of NOAA's public service and research as maritime atmospheric aerosols. Instrumental errors and errors agencies; the National Weather Service, the National Ocean in atmospheric correction strongly determine the information Service, the National Marine Fisheries Service, and the Office of content. The ,wavelength dependence of both errors is taken into

40 05 OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESOURCES account. Depending on atmospheric and Oceanic turbidity, at most N86-27837*# Florida State Univ., Gainesville. Dept. of 2 independent optical parameters of water substances can be Meteorology. derived with an accuracy of a factor of 2 from multispectralradiance A MODEL FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE SURFACE FLUXES measurements made at a height of 10 km. ESA OF MOMENTUM, HEAT AND MOISTURE OF THE CLOUD TOPPED MARINE ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER FROM SATELLITE MEASURABLE PARAMETERS M.S. Thesis D. E. ALLISON Aug. 1984 73 p (Contract NAG5-332) (NASA-CR-177283; NAS 1.26177283) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF N8&27699'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A01 CSCL04A Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. A model is developed for the estimation of the surface fluxes SATELLITE DETECTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON EXPORT FROM of momentum, heat, and moisture of the cloud topped marine THE MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT DURING THE 1979 SPRING atmospheric boundary layer by use of satellite remotely sensed BLOOM parameters. The parameters chosen for the problem are the J. J. WALSH (University of South Florida, St. Petersburg.), D. A. integrated liquid water content, q sub li, the integrated water vapor DIETERLE, and W. E. ESAIAS Feb. 1986 53 p Sponsored in content, q sub vi, the cloud top temperature, and either a measure part by DOE and NOAA of the 10 meter neutral wind speed or the friction velocity at the (NASA-TM-88782; NAS 1.15:88782) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF surface. Under the assumption of a horizontally homogeneous, A01 CSCL08A well-mixed boundary layer, the model calculates the equivalent Analysis of Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) imagery potential temperature and total water profiles of the boundary layer confirms shipboard and in situ moored fluorometer observations along with the boundary layer height from inputs of q sub li, q of resuspension of near-bottom chlorophyll within surface waters sub vi, and cloud top temperature. These values, along with the (1 to 10 m) by northwesterly wind events in the mid-Atlantic Bight. 10m neutral wind speed or friction velocity and the sea surface As much as 8 to 16 micrograms chl/l are found during these temperature are then used to estimate the surface fluxes. The wind events from March to May, with a seasonal increase of algal development of a scheme to parameterize the integrated water biomass until onset of stratification of the water column. Rapid vapor outside of the boundary layer for the cases of cold air sinking or downwelling apparently occurs after subsequent wind outbreak and California coastal stratus is presented. Author events, however, such that the predominant surface chlorophyll pattern is approx. 0.5 to 1.5 micrograms/l over the continental shelf during most of the spring bloom. Perhaps half of the N86-27838'# Florida State Univ., Tallahassee. Dept. of chlorophyll increase observed by satellite during a wind Meteorology. resuspension event represents in-situ production during the 4 to 5 AN INVESTIGATION OF THE MARINE BOUNDARY LAYER day interval, with the remainder attributed to accumulation of algal DURING COLD AIR OUTBREAK Flnal Report biomass previously produced and temporarily stored within S. A. STAGE Jul. 1986 26 P near-bottom water. Present calculations suggest that about 10% (Contract NAG5-332) of the primary production of the spring bloom may be exported [NASA-CR-177249: NAS 1.26:1772491 Avail: NTlS HC A03/MF as ungrazed phytoplankton carbon from mid-Atlantic shelf waters A01 CSCL04A ' to those of the continental slope. Author Three techniques were developed and tested for use in the remote estimation of ocean surface heat and vapor fluxes. Methods for measurement of surface sensible and latent heat fluxes discussed include: satellite measurement, marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) model, and horizontal transfer coefficients. N86-27700*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The accuracy and applicability of the methods are examined. Wallops Flight Center, Wallops Island, Va. Publications and papers are listed. B.G. HIGH FREQUENCY SAMPLING OF THE 1984 SPRING BLOOM WITHIN THE MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT SYNOPTIC SHIPBOARD, AIRCRAFT, AND IN SITU PERSPECTIVES OF THE SEEP-I N86-27853'# Florida State Univ., Tallahassee. Coll. of Arts EXPERIMENT and Sciences. J. J. WALSH (University of South Florida, St. Petersburg), C. D. A MODEL FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE SURFACE FLUXES WlRlCK (Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, N. Y.), L. J. OF MOMENTUM, HEAT, AND MOISTURE OF THE PIETRAFESA (North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh.), T. E. CLOUD-TOPPED MARINE ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER WHITLEDGE (Texas Univ., Port Aransas), F. E. HOGE, and R. N. FROM SATELLITE MEASURABLE PARAMETERS M.S. Thecrls SWIFT (EG and G Washington Analytical Services Center, Inc., D. E. ALLISON Aug. 1984 74 p Pocomoke City, Md.) 1986 56 p (Contract NAG5-332) (NASA-TM-88765; NAS 1.1588765) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF (NASA-CR-177290; NAS 1.26177290) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL08A A01 CSCLO4B Moorings of current meters, thermistors, transmissometers, and A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of momentum, fluorometers on the mid-Atlantic shelf, south of Long Island, suggest heat, and moisture of the cloud topped marine atmospheric a cumulative seaward export of perhaps 0.35 g C/sq m/day boundary laryer was developed by use of satellite remotely sensed between the 80 and 120 m isobaths during February-April 1984. prarameters. The parameters chosen for the problem were the Such a horizontal loss of algal carbon over the lower third of the integrated liquid water content, the integrated water vapor content, water column would be 23 to 78% of the March-April 1984 primary the cloud top temperature, the sea surface temperature, and either production. This physical carbon loss is similar to daily grazing a measure of the 10 meter neutral wind spread or the friction losses from zooplankton of 3240% of the algal fixation of carbon. velocity at the surface. Under the assumptions of a horizontally Metabolic demands of the benthos could be met by just the homogeneous, well-mixed boundary layer, the model calculates estimated fecal pellet flux, without direct consumption of algal the equivalent potential temperature and total water profiles of carbon, while bacterioplankton needs could be served by excretory the boundary layer along with the boundary layer height. The release of dissolved organic matter during photosynthesis. development of a scheme to parameterize the integrated water Sediment traps tethered 10 m off the bottom at the 120 m isobath vapor outside of the boundary layer for the cases of cold air and 50 m above the 500 m isobath caught as much as 0.16 to outbreak and California coastal stratus is presented. Sensitivity 0.26 g C /sq m/day during March-April 1984, in reasonable studies are presented showing the potential accuracy of this agreement with the flux estimated from the other moored technique. With improvements of current technology, the model instruments. Author will provide reasonable estimates of the surface fluxes. Author

41 06 HYDROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT

06 A86-33615 MILLIMETER-WAVE BACKSCATTER FROM SNOWCOVER HYDROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT L. D. WlLLlAMS (Aberdeen, University, Scotland), R. V. BlRNlE (Macaulay Institute for Soil Research, Aberdeen, Scotland), and J. G. GALLAGHER (Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Malvern, Includes snow cover and water runoff in rivers and glaciers, saline England) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing intrusion, drainage analysis, geomorphology of river basins, land Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. uses, and estuarine studies. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 842-847. refs Ground-truth measurements of snowcover properties were A86-33505 made in Bavaria in 1984 in support of helicopter-mounted radar LARGE AREA SNOWMELT RUNOFF SIMULATIONS BASED ON measurements of 80 GHz and 94 GHz backscattering from the LANDSAT-MSS DATA snowcover. The variation of the backscattering coefficient with M. F. BAUMGARTNER (Zuerich, Eidgenoessische Technische surface snow properties is investigated in this paper by stepwise Hochschule; Zuerich, Universitaet, Zurich, Switzerland), K. SEIDEL, multiple regression. Similar qualitative results are obtained for 80 H. HAEFNER, K. 1. ITTEN (Zuerich, Universitaet, Zurich, GHz and for six polarization combinations of 94 GHz. For wet Switzerland), and J. MARTINEC (Eidgenoessisches lnstitut fuer snow, the backscattering coefficient increased by 4-7 dB per mm Schneeund Lawinenforschung, Weissfluhjoch-Davos, Switzerland) surface roughness increase, and decreased by 0.2-1.1 dB per 1 IN: 1985 InternationalGeoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium percent increase in volumetric liquid water content. For dry snow, (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 the backscattering coefficient decreased with increasing grain size . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., (contrary to expectation) by 1-2 dB per mm, and did not depend 1985, p. 30-38. refs on surface roughness. In a few cases (both wet and dry), porosity Attention is given to a method for the processing of satellite makes a small but statistically significant contribution to the remote sensing images, as well as to a snowmelt runoff simulation regression, the backscattering coefficient increasing by 0.1 dB per by the Matinec-Rango (1983) model on the basis of such data. 1 percent increase in porosity. Author The primary problems addressed were those of (1) the morphological and climatological complexity of basins in the Swiss Alps, and (2) the requirement of at least four snow cover evaluations A8633616 during the snowmelt period, which requires the use of incomplete REMOTE SENSING OF SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT USING satellite scenes. The changing extent of seasonal snow cover is NIMBUS7 SMMR DATA an important variable for the snowmelt-runoff model. O.C. M. HALLIKAINEN and P. JOLMA (Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 850-855. Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) data have been applied to remote sensing studies of seasonal snow cover in Finland. An algorithm has been developed to retrieve the water equivalent of dry snow cover from SMMR data. The algorithm takes into account the influence of land-cover categories (forest, etc.) on the brightness temperature of snow-covered terrain. SMMR data for two winters show that three distinct classes can be observed in the microwave behavior of A86-33613 snow-covered terrain: early and mid-winter, spring (after several 100 MHZ DIELECTRIC CONSTANT MEASUREMENTS OF SNOW melt-freeze cycles), and melting period (wet snow). Substantial COVER DEPENDENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL AND SNOW PACK differences in the behavior between consecutive winters may PARAMETERS occur. Author B. A. BURNS, R. W. LARSON (Michigan, Environmental Research Institute, Ann Arbor), R. G. ONSTOTT (Kansas, University, Lawrence), and D. J. FISK (US. Army, Cold Regions Research A86-33617 and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover. NH) IN: 1985 International ICE CONDITIONS ON THE OHIO AND ILLINOIS RIVERS, Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85). 1972-1985 Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, L. W. GAT0 (US. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. Laboratory, Hanover, NH) IN: 1985 International Geoscience 82 9 - 8 3 4. and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, (Contract NO001 4-814-0295) October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Research is reported aimed at determining the relationship Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 856-861. between the dielectric constant and environmental parameters Army-supported research. including physical properties of snow cover and local meteorological A part of the Corps of Engineers' River Ice Management (RIM) variables. It is necessary to understand how snow properties affect program is discussed, with objectives to document ice conditions remote sensing signatures in order to use microwave remote along the Ohio and Illinois Rivers from 1972 to 1985. The ice sensors to find snow depth, snow water equivalent, and coverage. data are required for developing an ice forecasting model, for For a given frequency, the dielectric constant of snow is a function evaluating remote sensing systems, and for other projects in the of the temperature, density and grain size of the snow and its RIM program. Images obtained using the Landsat Multispectral liquid water content. Results presented are based on Scanner (MSS), Return Beam Vidicon (RBV) and Thematic Mapper measurements made in SE Michigan and at CRREL, during MIZEX (TM) were studied. Despite problems of cloud cover and orbital '84 and the 1985 USGS-NASA passive microwave study of the configurations that limited image taking opportunities, Landsat Colorado snow pack. Both the masking and the information aspect imagery analysis provides a historical view of general ice conditions. of the snow cover problem are represented by the experiments. For many rivers this may be the only source of data on past ice All dielectric constant measurements were made with a 100 MHz conditions. Because of the shortcomings of the Landsat imagery Q-meter system developed at ERIM. An alcohol calorimetry and the success of mapping ice on the Ohio during the winter of technique developed at CRREL (Fisk, 1983) was used to measure 1984-85 with video, ice conditions will be mapped in the future liquid water content. D.H. from videotapes taken from a low-flying aircraft. D.H.

42 06 HYDROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT

A86-33630 Creek Watershed in Indiana. It is observed that land cover PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF ESTUARINE WATER COLOR clasifications developed from satellite or airborne scanner digital USING VECTOR ANALYSIS OF SATELLITE DATA data are useful for classifying land use characteristics. I.F. R. P. STUMPF (NOAA, Assessment and Information Services Center, Washington, DC) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October A86-37012 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical THE STUDY OF THE NATURAL GEOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 971-976. refs IN THE COASTAL AREAS OF WATER COVERED PARTS OF An approximately linear relationship between the spectral bands MARMARA REGION IN TURKEY WITH THE HELP OF is found in viewing satellite data of estuarine water in spectral LANDSAT-4 MSS DATA USING AN UNSUPERVISED space. The relationship may be treated in vector form. By applying CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHM WITH EUCLIDEAN DISTANCE a turbid water expression for the irradiant reflectance, one can D. MAKTAV (Istanbul, Technical University, Turkey) IN: Machine obtain expressions that explain the spectral relationship, Le., the processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: vector orientation, in terms of absorption. Changes in vector Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of orientation depend on variations in pigment concentrations, the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June whereas sediment concentration determines the vector's 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics magnitude. The technique provides a physical separation between Engineers, 1985, p. 122-127. refs sediment and pigments in turbid water. By using the unit vector, one can estimate relative quantities of pigments in Chesapeake and Delaware Bays and identify blooms. D.H. A86-39004 USE OF THEMATIC MAPPER DATA TO ASSESS WATER A86-36193' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. QUALITY IN GREEN BAY AND CENTRAL LAKE MICHIGAN Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. R. G. LATHROP, JR. and T. M. LILLESAND (Wisconsin, University, OPTIMIZED RETRIEVALS OF PRECIPITABLE WATER FIELDS Madison) Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing FROM COMBINATIONS OF VAS SATELLITE AND (ISSN 0099-111 2), vol. 52, May 1986, p. 671-680. refs CONVENTIONAL SURFACE OBSERVATIONS (Contract NOAA-NA-84AAD00065; NOAA PROJECT 1444824) W. D. ROBINSON, D. CHESTERS, and L. W. UCCELLlNl (NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD) Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 91, April 20, 1986, N86-23027# Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, N. Mex. p. 5305-5318. NASA-supported research. refs STABLE-ISOTOPE STUDIES OF GROUNDWATERS IN VlSSR (visible and infrared spin-scan radiometer) atmospheric SOUTHEASTERN NEW MEXICO sounder (VAS) radiances and conventional surface temperature S. J. LAMBERT 1985 23 p refs Presented at the Conference and dewpoint data are used in several combinations within a on the Rustler Formation, Carlsbad, N. Mex., 7 Mar. 1985 regression approach to determine the optimum resolution and (Contract DE-AC04-76DP-00789) accuracy of precipitable water (PW) fields retrieved from satellite (DE86-002590; SAND-85-1978C; CONF-8503189-1) Avail: NTlS observations. Point retrievals at radiosonde stations are used to HC A02/MF A01 determine the numerical accuracy of each retrieval technique, and Oxygen-1811 6 and deuterium/hydrogen ratio measurements image sequences of the retrieved PW fields are used to determine have been made on groundwaters sampled according to specific the temporal stability and spatial coherence of mesoscale PW field criteria applied during pump tests of the Rustler Formation features. VAS channels 5, 6, 7, and 8 and the surface dewpoint (the uppermost Permian evaporite unit) in Nash Draw, a contribute the most information to regression-based retrievals of solution-subsidence valley west of the WlPP site in the northern PW. The most accurate PW retrievals are obtained when radiances Delaware Basin of southeastern New Mexico. Comparison of these are averaged to a resolution of 15 to 60 km. A physical data with similar measurements on other groundwaters from the 'split-window' approach provides better PW estimates than northern Delaware Basin indicates two nonoverlapping populations regression when only the 11- and 12-micron VAS channels are of meteoric groundwaters in delta-0-18/delta-D space. Most of available or when radiosonde-based training is limited to only one the Rustler waters in Nash Draw and at the WlPP site and older time period. Author waters from the eastern two-thirds of the Capitan Limestone constitute one population, while unconfined groundwaters A86-36234# originating as observable modern surface recharge to alluvium, ESTIMATION OF MONTHLY RAINFALL FROM the near-surface Rustler in southwestern Nash Draw, and the SATELLITE-OBSERVED CLOUD AMOUNT IN THE TROPICAL Capitan in the Guadalupe Mountains (Carlsbad Caverns) constitute WESTERN PACIFIC the other. The isotopic distinction suggests that Rustler T. MARUYAMA, T. NIlTA, and Y. TSUNEOKA (Meteorological groundwater in most of Nash Draw and at the WlPP site is not Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan) Meteorological Society of receiving significant modern meteoric recharge. A likely explanation Japan, Journal (ISSN 0026-1165), vol. 64, Feb. 1986, p. 147-153. for this distinction is that meteoric recharge to most of the Rustler refs and Capitan took place in the geologic past under climate conditions significantly different from the present. DOE A86-37010 HYDROLOGIC MODELING USING LANDSAT MSS DATA D. P. ALEXANDER (Rural Water Commission, East Doncaster, N86-23993# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Australia) and A. RAMACHANDRA RAO (Purdue University, West Washington, D. C. National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Lafayette, IN) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data - Information Service. Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical HYDROLOGIC AND LAND SCIENCES APPLICATIONS OF NOAA methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, POLAR-ORBITING SATELLITE DATA West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of M. MATSON and F. PARMENTER-HOLT 1985 24 p refs Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 103-111. refs Original document contains color illustrations A hydrologic analysis procedure for simulating the rainfall-runoff Avail: NTlS HC AO2/MF A01 process is described. Landsat data are employed to define land Hydrologic and land sciences applications of NOAA polar cover classes. The development of a data bank to store land use orbiting satellites presented include: continental snow cover; river classification data and the utilization of the HEC-1 Flood basin snow mapping and flood monitoring; soil moisture analysis; Hydrograph Package computer program to calculate flood vegetation progress and seasonal changes; fire detection and hydrographs and the Hydrolic Parameters program to access the monitoring; urban effects; volcanoes; and geologic assessment. data bank are examined. This procedure is applied to the Sugar B.G.

43 N86-24075 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, globally; however, some accompanying disadvantages are that the Washington, D. C. retrievals are asynoptic and that they are made only in clear and NOAA ATLAS: AN ATLAS OF SATELLITE-DERIVED partly cloudy areas. The major advantage of the bogus method is NORTHERN HEMISPHERIC SNOW COVER FREQUENCY that profiles are available at synoptic times and over areas where M. MATSON, C. F. ROPELEWSKI, and M. S. VARNADORE Mar. no TOVS moisture values are retrieved. The disadvantage of the 1986 149 p bogus method is that the moisture values are less accurate than Avail: NTlS HC A07/MF A01 the TOVS values in clear and partly cloudy areas. Furthermore, This atlas presents 15 years (1967 to 1981) of satellite derived the method is only partially automated and requires subjective snow cover data in the form of monthly and midmonth to midmonth interpretation of cloud imagery. Author snow cover frequency maps. The maps are in two general formats: frequency of snow cover incremented in 10 percent intervals and contour maps incremented in 25 percent intervals. In addition to the maps, tables and time series of Eurasian and North American snow cover are presented. Author

N86-26665'# South Carolina Univ., Columbia. Inst. for Marine Biology and Coastal Research. APPLICATION OF LANDSAT TM IMAGES TO ASSESS 07 CIRCULATION AND DISPERSION IN COASTAL LAGOONS Progrew Report 6. KJERFVE, J. R. JENSEN, and K. E. MAGILL 15 Feb. 1986 DATA PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION 38 p refs SYSTEMS (Contract NAS5-28741) (NASA-CR-177315; NAS 1.26:177315) Avail: NTlS HC AO3/MF Includes film processing, computer technology, satellite and aircraft A01 CSCLO8C hardware, and imagery. The main objectives are formulated around a four pronged work approach, consisting of tasks related to: image processing and analysis of LANDSAT thematic mapping; numerical modeling A86-32333 of circulation and dispersion; hydrographic and spectral radiation IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM INTERFACES field sampling/ground truth data collection; and special efforts to W. 6. GREEN (System Development Corp., Camarillo, CA) IN: focus the investigation on turbid CoastaVestuarine fronts. Author Digital image processing: Proceedings of the Tenth Critical Reviews of Technology Conference, Los Angeles, CA, January 22, 23, 1985 N86-26668# National Environmental Satellite Service, Suitland, . Bellingham, WA, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Md. Satellite Applications Lab. Engineers, 1985, p. 103-109. CHARACTERISTICS OF WESTERN REGION FLASH FLOOD An image processing architecture is described that provides EVENTS IN GOES IMAGERY AND CONVENTIONAL DATA isolation of external interfaces from image processing applications E. L. FLEMING and L. E. SPAYD, JR. Mar. 1986 87 p refs software modules. The architecture allows development of a variety (NOAA-TM-NESDIS-13) Avail: NTlS HC AO5/MF A01 of specialized user interfaces, each of which utilizes the same Characteristics of western region convective and extratropical basic set of image processing software routines. The architecture cyclone flash flood events as observed in (VIS and IR) GOES also allows development of interfaces to external non-imaging data imagery and conventional surface and upper air data are presented. bases, and other software (such as commercially available Data One hundred and thirty-seven convective heavy rainfall events Base Management Systems) without requiring modification of the from 1981 to 1983 were examined and categorized into time of image processing software routines. Examples of a user interface year, time of day of maximum precipitation, minimum cloud top developed on a personal workstation and of the correlation of temperature at time of maximum precipitation, and type of weather satellite imagery with georeferenced data bases are satellite-observed convective system. Detailed analysis of presented. Author conventional data for the largest flash flood producing mesoscale convective systems (MCS) yielded four distinct atmospheric patterns at the surface, 700, and 500 mb levels. Twenty-four flash flood events produced by extratropical cyclones from 1981 to 1983 were classified into three main types of satellite observed cloud A86-32337 patterns. These atmospheric composites and satellite observed TECHNIQUES FOR MULTISPECTRAL IMAGE cloud patterns were designed to aid operational meteorologists in CLASSIFICATION recognizing and forecasting flash flood events in the western region M. J. CARLOTO (Analytic Sciences Corp., Reading, MA) IN: of the United States. M.G. Digital image processing; Proceedings of the Tenth Critical Reviews of Technology Conference, Los Angeles, CA, January 22, 23, 1985 N86-27703# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, . Bellingham, WA, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Washington, D. C. Engineers, 1985, p. 174-191. refs SATELLITE-DERIVED MOISTURE PROFILES The state of the art in multispectral classifiers is reviewed by A. TIMCHALK Apr. 1986 70 p examining current multispectral techniques within the context of (NOAA-NESDIS-24) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF A01 the overall classification process. An overview of the classification An evaluation of relative humidity and mixing ratio profiles process is given, addressing such activities as scene and sensor determined by two different satellite methods is presented. One preprocessing requirements, signal vs. semantic considerations in method (bogus), which is used operationally, uses GOES cloud feature extraction, and issues relating to classifier training. imagery to prescribe vertical moisture profiles. The second method Statistical classification theory is reviewed, discussing the use of (TOVS) uses a 15-channel algorithm with polar orbiting satellite spatial and contextual information, multitemporal classification data. The accuracies of both methods, although inferior to moisture techniques, hierarchical classifiers, and methods for incorporating profiles obtained from rawinsondes, show sufficient accuracy to collateral information sources to improve classification accuracy be useful as input into forecast models whose domain includes and efficiency. Post-processing techniques for extracting and large oceanic areas. TOVS moisture profiles were more accurate interpreting spatial and structural information in the thematic map in clear and partly cloudy areas, whereas the bogus profiles were are described. Current trends in applying multispectral classification more accurate in the broken cloud cover areas. An advantage of techniques are summarized, and future directions in the technology the TOVS method is that it is fully automated and can be applied are outlined. C.D.

44 07 DATA PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

A86-32368 A86-33515 ON-BOARD DATA COMPRESSION FOR ADVANCED LANDSAT PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF SIR-B IMAGES FOR STEREO C. SCHUELER, C. DE BOER, B. MARKS, and M. STEGALL APPLICATIONS (Hughes Santa Barbara Research Center, Goleta, CA) IN: V. H. KAUPP, H. C. MACDONALD, W. P. WAITE (Arkansas, Architectures and algorithms for digital image processing 11; University, Fayetteville), and M. A. PISARUCK (Boeing Airplane Proceedings of the Meeting, Los Angeles, CA, January 24, 25, Co., Seattle, WA) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote 1985 . Bellingham, WA, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, Engineers, 1985, p. 135-146. refs 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Advanced Landsat Sensor (ALS) technology has produced Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 105-110. refs requirements for increasing data rates that may exceed space to Space Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR-B) SAR images of a single ground data link capacity, so that identification of appropriate data region in South America that were obtained at several different compression techniques is of interest. Unlike many other illumination angles have been evaluated to determine the applications, Landsat requires information lossless compression. illumination angle combination that best generates a DPCM, Interpolated DPCM, and error-correcting three-dimensional stereo model of a terrain type for human successive-differencePCM (ESPCM) are compared, leading to the perception. After such parameters as resolution and image scale conclusion that ESPCM is a practical, real-time (on-board) are taken into account, rankings obtained with the images are compression algorithm. ESPCM offers compression ratios found to compare favorably with earlier analyses and with the approaching DPCM with no information loss and little or no increase model of an equation here presented. O.C. in complexity. Moreover, adaptive ESPCM (AESPCM) yields an average compression efficiency of 84 percent relative to successive difference entropy, and 97 percent relative to scene entropy. Compression ratios vary from a low of 1.18 for a high entropy (6.64 bits/pixel) mountain scene to a high of 2.38 for low entropy (2.54 bitdpixel) ocean data. The weighted average lossless compression ratio to be expected, using a representative selection of Landsat Thematic Mapper eight-bit data as a basis, appears to A86-33522 be approximately 2.1, for an average compressed data rate of LITHOLOGIC SIGNATURES IN MULTI-CHANNEL SAR about 3.7 bitslpixel. Author IMAGERY B. A. BURNS, K. 1. BARTELS, and R. W. LARSON (Michigan, Environmental Research Institute, Ann Arbor) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985. Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 153-157. refs (Contract NSF ECS-82-13418) A86-32370 Dual polarization, dual frequency SAR data of semiarid terrain IMAGE SEGMENTATION ALGORITHMS in north-central Arizona is found to provide good discrimination T. W. RYAN (Science Applications International Corp., Tucson, between a variety of volcanic and sedimentary units in the area. AZ) IN: Architectures and algorithms for digital image processing These data allow not only manipulation of multichannel composite II; Proceedings of the Meeting, Los Angeles, CA, January 24, 25, images to enhance scattering differences between units, but also 1985 . Bellingham, WA, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation derivation of radiometrically rectified relative backscatter cross Engineers, 1985, p. 172-178. refs sections. Based on these cross section values, dielectric constant The paper describes a sequence of algorithms used to perform measurements of field samples, and surface roughness profiles, segmentation of aerial images of natural terrain for the purpose the relative importance of surface and volume scattering for the of extracting features pertinent to cartographic applications. Topics different units are evaluated. Three-color composite images include image filtering, labeling, automated editing and refinement revealed that the 23-cm L-band wave is sensitive to unit contacts, of the segmentation within a resolution pyramid. These techniques producing high contrast for forested areas and rivers banks, and are considered to be preprocessing activities which will, in general, that the 3-cm X-band wavelength picks up more of the textural require some editing by trained cartographers. The objective of details in the units. Experimental results indicate that for two this work is to minimize the tedium of feature extraction using surfaces of similar roughness, differences in dielectric constant algorithms that do not require excessive computational overhead. alone are sufficient to explain the observed X-band signatures. Author R.R.

A86-32688 A86-33526 A HISTOGRAM AS THE BASIS OF THE STATISTICAL DESCRIPTION OF A DATABANK OF NORMALIZED RADAR CLASSIFICATION OF IMAGES [GISTOGRAMMA KAK OSNOVA CROSS SECTION OF TERRAIN STATlSTlCHESKOl KLASSlFlKATSll IZOBRAZHENII] C. C. BOREL, R. M. NARAYANAN, and R. E. MCINTOSH D. A. USIKOV and T. V. PlATlBRAT (AN SSSR, lnstitut (Massachusetts, University, Amherst) IN: 1985 International Kosmicheskikh Issledovanii, Moscow, USSR) lssledovanie Zemli Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), iz Kosmosa (ISSN 0205-9614), Jan.-Feb. 1986, p. 99-103. In Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Russian. refs Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. The concept of statistical image classification (as applied to 176-182. remote-sensing images, e.g., in crop monitoring, forest inventory, (Contract F19628-84-K-0018) and geological survey) is defined. In this classification, a histogram A computer program called FINRACS which allows users access can have a fundamental role as a complete system of functionals to published NRCS data on a variety of terrain conditions is expressing all the other statistical characteristics of the images. described. The rationale, terrain classification system, and main Histogram-based procedures for calculating Mahalanobis distances features of the program are described with examples. Possible are proposed. B.J. applications of the databank are also indicated. Author

45 07 DATA PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

A86-33534 A86-33596' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. AUTOMATIC CLOUD CLASSIFICATION Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. 6. M. MEHTRE, N. N. MURTHY (CMC, Ltd., Secunderabad, India), THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN MSS SATELLITE IMAGERY B. LIPOVSCAK (Hidrometeoroloski Zavod SR Hrvatske, Zagreb, CLASSIFICATION EXPERT SYSTEM Yugoslavia), and 6.CHATTERJEE (Indian Institute of Technology, S. W. ENGLE (NASA, Ames Research Center; Informatics General Kharagpur, India) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Corp., Moffett Field, CA) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85). Amherst, MA, October 7-9, Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 233-241. refs and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 693-696. In this paper design and implementation of an automatic cloud Unsupervised image classification of Landsat MSS imagery classifier is discussed. It is assumed that the pattern classes obey entails a significant part of the remote sensing, image analysis the multivariate normal distribution. Maximum likelihood with effort. Expert systems, a technology developed in the field of threshold and penalized misclassification algorithms have been artificial intelligence, offers the potential to automate this process, implemented both on host computer VAX-11/750 and Array thus greatly increasing the efficiency with which an analyst can Processor FPS/lOO. This technique classifies not only different perform unsupervised image classification and making the cloud types but land, sea and snow as well. The result of knowledge of the image analyst available to a community of classification and the time required on host as well as on array nonexperts. Such a system, under development at the NASA/Ames processor for various picture complexities has been tested. The Research Center, is described and planned enhancements are array processor results are found to approach real time discussed. Author performance. NOM satellite pictures have been used for testing. Author

A86-33535 A86-33597 CONTEXT CLASSIFIER A STEPWISE HIERARCHICAL MULTI-BINARY APPROACH IN R. M. HARALICK and H. JOO (Machine Vision International, Ann TM LANDUSE CLASSIFICATION Arbor, MI) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing K. I. ITTEN, K. STAENZ, M. F. BAUMGARTNER, and TH. Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. JOHNSON (Zuerich, Universitaet, Zurich, Switzerland) IN: 1985 Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Engineers, Inc., 1985. p. 247-254. (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 A pixel can have certain properties when viewed in isolation, . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., which change when viewed in the entire context of the image. A 1985, p. 697-702. refs theory, and an algorithm are presented for a context classifier In Thematic Mapper landuse classification, a stepwise procedure which gives each pixel the highest probability label, given some is suggested as an alternative to the usual practice of classifying substantially sized context neighboring the pixel. The algorithm the total scene content in one expensive swath. Binary decisions takes the form of a recursive neighborhood operator, first applied in a hierarchically structured model lead to the degree of separation in a top-down scan of the image, and then in a bottom-up scan and classification level that is predefined by the customer and of the image. Applied to a simulated image generated from a real that can be obtained, so control is not lost in a multidimensional, Landsat image, the context classifier showed better accuracy than multiproblem compromise. Thematic Mapper data will not the Bayes classifier. On real images, the contex classifier showed completely solve all classification problems, but even with a medium a 4 to 8 percent increase in overall classification accuracy over technology approach it permits landuse classifications better than the context-free Bayes classsifier under a Gaussian-distribution any previous sensor. D.H. assumption. IS.

A86-33594' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. A86-33600 MULTIPOLARIZATION SAR DATA FOR SURFACE FEATURE SLOPE-INTERCEPT-DENSITY PLOTS - A NEW METHOD FOR DELINEATION LINE DETECTION IN IMAGES S. T. WU (NASA, National Space Technology Laboratories, Bay F. SALVlNl (Pisa, Universita, Italy) IN: 1985 International St. Louis, MS) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 678-683. refs 715-720. This paper presents the techniques and the utility of A new approach to the problem of line detection is announced, multipolarization Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data for surface going back to the first principles of lines to define slopes and feature delineation. Three channels of ratioed data (W/HH, intercepts with the X or Y axes. Most plotting and calculations VH/HH, and VHIW) are generated from the HH, VV, and VH are then done in slope-intercept space in which a line is represented polarization data (V = vertical, H = horizontal). The technique as a point and a line in slope-intercept space represents all possible assumes redundancy of the VH and HV polarization and only VH lines passing through a point in XY space. If a pixel has something polarization is used. The ratioed data are linearly stretched to distinctive about it that might help to define a line in the image, yield a digital number within a range of 0 to 255. Based on the then all possible lines through that pixel can be represented by a separability measure for two-class delineation, it was found that line in slope-intercept space. In this way a grid can be prepared (1) the ratioed data resulted in a better delineation of surface representing all possible lines through all distinctive pixels in the features with high like (HH or W) polarization digital number, and image. The number of calculations required increases (2) the use of ratioed data provided further information not available approximately linearly with the number of pixels, rather than from the original three-polarization data. The results suggest an exponentially as with other methods. If the size or shape of the advantage in using the ratioed data and the original counting circle is allowed to vary, the sharpness of the detected three-polarization data for surface feature delineation. Author lines can be made greater or less. D.H.

46 07 DATA PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

A86-33621 a measure of spatial variation - the variogram. The approach used A NON-STATIONARY CONTEXTUAL CLASSIFIER WITH to explore the nature of spatial variation in remotely sensed images IMPROVED ACCURACY can be thought of as a 'bottom up' approach because it starts J. K. RHO and K. H. PARK (Korea Advanced Institute of Science with a model of the scene and works toward the characteristics and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea) IN: 1985 International of a remotely sensed image derived from the scene. To date, Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), observed images at two resolutions for each of three kinds of Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, environment have been used to evaluate the use of variograms in Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. real images. The images are from forests, residential, and 886-891. agricultural environments. One resolution used is 30 m from the A modified contextual classifier - called a nonstationary Thematic Mapper or Thematic Mapper Simulator. For each contextual classifier - is proposed. In the new method, the context environment also there is fine resolution data from the range of distribution function is considered as the context probability. It is 0.15-2.5 m. It is noted that variograms from these images show shown by real Landsat II data for the Seoul area and simulated considerable structure. Work continues on checking the validity of data that the method offers substantial improvement in the disk model (a way of representing trees and their shadows). classification accuracy. Results are comapred with a D.H. classify-and-count contextual classifier and the Bayes classifier. As the raw speed of computer components improve, it is expected A86-33639 that the proposed classifier will be useful in various applications SPATIAL ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR MULTICHANNEL where classification accuracy is very important. D.H. SATELLITE IMAGERY V. T. TOM and M. J. CARLOlTO (Analytic Sciences Corp., Reading, A86-33624' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. MA) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. LAND USE MAPPING USING EDGE DENSITY TEXTURE Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics MEASURES ON THEMATIC MAPPER SIMULATOR DATA Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 1084-1090. C. A. HLAVKA (NASA, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA) Global and local multiband spatial enhancement techniques IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium for digital imagery are described. The techniques are based on a (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 least-squares approach, and utilize correlation between a low . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., resolution image of one spectral wavelength and a high resolution 1985, p. 906-911. refs reference image of a different wavelength in order to augment Texture analysis was performed as part of an investigation of the high spatial frequency content of the low resolution image. the information content of Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery. High The limitations of the global approach motivate a local approach altitude aircraft scanner imagery from the Airborne Thematic based on a sliding window technique. Using the local enhancement Mapper (ATM) instrument was acquired over central California and approach, the apparent ground resolution for TM thermal imagery used to simulate TM data. Edge density texture images were and SPOT multispectral imagery is improved from 120 to 30 meters constructed by computation of propoltions of edge pixels in a 31 and 20 to 10 meters, respectively. Author x 31 moving window on a near infrared ATM band. A training technique was employed to select computational parameters to maximize the difference between edge density measurements in A86-33640' Du Pont de Nemours (E. 1.) and Co.. Wilmington, urban and in rural areas. The results of classification of the texture Del. images showed that urban and rural areas could be distinguished MODIFIED CUBIC CONVOLUTION RESAMPLING FOR with texture alone, indicating that inclusion of texture in automated LANDSAT classification procedures could significantly improve their A. PRAKASH (Du Pont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, DE) accuracy. Author and B. MCKEE (General Electric Co., Philadelphia, PA) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium A86-33626 (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 CLASSIFICATION OF GEOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS USING . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., PASSIVE MICROWAVE SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS 1985, p. 1091-1096. R. R. FERRARO, JR., J. A. KOGUT (Research and Data Systems, (Contract NAS5-25300) Inc., Lanham, MD), and N. C. GRODY (NOAA, National An overview is given of Landsat Thematic Mapper resampling EnvironmentalSatellite, Data, and Information Service, Washington, technique, including a modification of the well-known cubic DC) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing convolution interpolator (nearest neighbor interpolation) used to Symposium (IGARSS '85). Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. provide geometric correction for TM data. Post launch study has Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics shown that the modified cubic convolution interpolator can Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 919-924. refs selectively enhance or suppress frequency bands in the output A method using the 18 and 37 GHz vertically polarized image. This selectivity is demonstrated on TM Band 3 imagery. brightness temperatures from the Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel D.H. Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) to classify six different geophysical parameters is presented. These parameters are: dry snow, sea A86-34738 ice, dry land, flooded land, precipitation, and open water. The THE ESTIMATION OF ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS FOR SPOT microwave theory and classification algorithm are briefly discussed, USING AVHRR CHANNEL-1 DATA and the method is illustrated with an example. C.D. S. M. SlNGH and A. P. CRACKNELL (Dundee, University, Scotland) International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN A86-33638' Boston Univ., Mass. 0143-1 161), vol. 7, March 1986, p. 361-377. Sponsorship: Ministry VARIOGRAMS AND SPATIAL VARIATION IN REMOTELY of Defence. refs SENSED IMAGES (Contract MOD-2205124S) c. WOODCOCK (Boston University, MA) IN: 1985 International The aim of this paper is to estimate the effect of atmospheric Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85). contamination on SPOT satellite data for stereoscopic modelling Amherst, MA, October 7-9. 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, by using data from the AVHRR instrument carried on the NOAA Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. satellite series. This paper includes the development of an 1078-1083. NASA-supported research. atmospheric correction algorithm for the visible spectral channel Research is presented that is aimed at developing a link or data from the AVHRR instrument, and an analysis of the connection between ground scenes and spatial variation in images. atmospherically corrected AVHRR data from many successive The link is established through the use of models of scenes and days, bearing in mind that the SPOT data for stereoscopic modelling

47 07 DATA PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS will be from two orbits which will be separated by several days. Landsat MSS image onto a 1:50,000 topographic map. Experience Author to date indicates that the average relative error in positioning of linear features is about 30 m at a scale of 1:50,000. A recent A86-34739 program of 2700 maps, representing an area of about 2 million THE APPLICABILITY OF LOWTRAN 5 COMPUTER CODE TO sq km, was completed in nine months including selected field AERIAL THERMOGRAPHIC DATA CORRECTION verification. The average cost for this combined program of change S. B. WILSON and J. M. ANDERSON (Dundee, University, detection and map revision was $0.15 (US.) per sq km or $150 Scotland) International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN (US.) per 1:50,000 map. Relevant experience suggests that these 0143-1161), vol. 7, March 1986, p. 379-388. refs techniques can be transferred with minimal training and capital The data available in the LOWTRAN 5 computer code are cost for use in other parts of the world; some modification may applied to short path lengths for radiation in the thermal infrared be required for arid areas and rainforest. Author range during a particular survey. The resulting calculated value for the atmospheric transmittance is compared with an A86-36227# experimentally derived value. Author INTRASEASONAL VARIATIONS OF OLR IN THE TROPICS DURING THE FGGE YEAR A86-351 11 T. NAKAZAWA (Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, PROBLEMS WITH GLOBAL MAPPING Japan) Meteorological Society of Japan, Journal (ISSN K. RAWER (Freiburg, Universitaet, Freiburg im Breisgau, West 0026-1165), vol. 64,Feb. 1986, p. 17-34. refs Germany) Acta Astronautica (ISSN 0094-5765), vol. 13, March NOM satellite data collected during the FGGE experiment are 1986, p. 131, 132. refs analyzed to model the seasonal characteristics of thef intraseasonal The empirical and orthogonal functions mapping techniques variations and the relationship with shorter period fluctuations and are described. The incorrect mapping characteristics obtained with tropical cyclone activities in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere these techniques and various methods of correcting these problems tropics. The satellite data encompassed twice-daily outgoing are examined. The relationship between coordinates and the longwave radiation (OLR), a measure of the convective activity mapping procedures is studied. Various examples of global mapping over the tropics. A harmonic analysis with a least squares approach by empirical and orlhogonal functions methods are provided. I.F. was applied to 11 months of data to study the annual mean, yearly and half-yearly cycles, as well as any periodicity in 3-10 A86-35292 day periods. The latter periods exhibited amplitude modulations EXAMPLES OF THE AUTOMATED DERIVATION OF DIGITAL that had a 30-60 day period. The short-period fluctuations had SURFACE MODELS [BEISPIELE ZUR AUTOMATISCHEN amplitudes that were large during the active phase of the ERFASSUNG VON DIGITALEN OBERFLAECHENMODELLEN] intraseasonalvariations and small during the lapse in the variations. W. FOERSTNER (Stuttgart, Universitaet, West Germany) The data only covered a period of 11 months and need to be Bildmessung und Luftbildwesen (ISSN 0006-2421), vol. 54, March supplemented with data from several more years to test the validity 1986, p. 71-79. In German. refs of the observed relationships. M.S.K. The power and heterogeneity of existing approaches to the automated derivation of digital surface models are shown using A86-3651 1 three examples of feature-based stereo matching algorithms. The TECHNICAL AND SOFTWARE FACILITIES AT A CENTER FOR automated measurement of digital suface models is discussed, THE PROCESSING OF REMOTE-SENSING DATA examining criteria for the selection of control points, suitable [TEKHNICHESKOE I PROGRAMMNOE OBESPECHENIE features for surface measurement, and available information TSENTRA OBRABOTKI AEROKOSMICHESKOI INFORMATSII] suitable for interpolation. C.D. A. S. ALEKSEEV, S. T. VASKOV, V. N. DEMENTEV, B. K. KOZHEVNIKOV, E. G. MIKHALTSOV et al. IN: Methods of A86-36079 combined air and space remote-sensing studies of Siberia . SATELLITE ORIENTATION AND POSITION FOR GEOMETRIC Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1985, p. 57-60. In Russian. CORRECTION OF SCANNER IMAGERY The structure of technical and software facilities at TsOGI, the P. H. SALAMONOWICZ (USGS, Reston, VA) Photogrammetric Soviet center for the processing of remote-sensing data, is Engineering and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0099-1 112), vol. 52, April examined. Particular attention is given to: (1) the main tasks toward 1986, p. 491-499. refs which the technical facilities are oriented; and (2) the multilevel The US. Geological Survey (USGS) Mini Image Processing organization of the software system for image processing. The System currently relies on a polynomial method for geometric user-oriented character of the center is emphasized, and prospects correction of Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data. A large for the further development of the facilities are discussed. B.J. number of ground control points are required because polynomials do not model the sources of error. In order to reduce the number of necessary points, a set of mathematical equations modeling A86-36515 the Landsat satellite motions and MSS scanner has been derived STATISTICAL APPROACH TO THE CLASSIFICATION OF and programmed. A best fit to the equations is obtained by using OBJECTS ON AIR AND SPACE REMOTE-SENSING IMAGES a least-squares technique that permits computation of the satellite [STATISTICHESKII PODKHOD K KLASSlFlKATSll OB’EKTOV orientation and position parameters based on only a few control NA AEROKOSMICHESKIKH IZOBRAZHENIIAKH] points. The parameters thus derived serve as a basis for geometric B. A. GORBUNOV IN: Methods of combined air and space correction of the whole image. A preliminary test shows that the remote-sensingstudies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, model permits pixel location to be predicted to approximately 100 1985, p. 75-79. In Russian. meters based on six control points. Author A86-36517 A86-36082 CERTAIN TRANSFORMATIONS IN A QUANTITATIVE ECONOMICAL MAINTENANCE OF A NATIONAL TOPOGRAPHIC APPROACH TO IMAGE PROCESSING [NEKOTORYE DATA BASE USING LANDSAT IMAGES PREOBRAZOVANIIA V KOLICHESTVENNOM PODKHODE PRI A. F. GREGORY and H. D. MOORE (Gregory Geoscience, Ltd., OBRABOTKE IZOBRAZHENIII Ottawa, Canada) Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote V. A. ZABELIN and V. P. PIATKIN IN: Methods of combined air Sensing (ISSN 0099-111 2), vol. 52, April 1986, p. 51 9-524. refs and space remote-sensing studies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, An operational program to detect changes for 1:50,000 mapping Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1985, p. 84-87. In Russian. refs and to provide information for the revision of 1:250,000 maps has A quantitative image-synthesis approach for remote-sensing been developed and implemented. A specialized images is examined. The development of quantitative methods for projection-compositor (PROCOM-2) is used to register a recent the processing of spectrally superposed data is considered with

48 07 DATA PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS emphasis on the choice of spectral band for the image synthesis. residual clustering is examined in two case studies: one case is B.J. the land cover classification of the Osaka district and the second is the forest classification of the Mount Fuji area using Landsat A86-36518 MSS data. The data reveal that the minimum residual clustering COMPUTER PROCESSING OF SPECTRALLY SUPERPOSED has a higher classification accuracy and a shorter processing time DATA [OBRABOTKA SPEKTROSOVMESHCHENNOI than conventional clustering procedures. I.F. INFORMATSII NA EVM] V. A. ZABELIN IN: Methods of combined air and space A86-37004 remote-sensingstudies of Siberia . Novosibirsk, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, MULTISPECTRAL CHANGE DETECTION USING DIFFERENCE 1985. p. 87-90. In Russian. refs CLASSIFICATION AND BITEMPORAL CLASSIFICATION An interactive technique for the processing of multispectral G. M. HALEY (Santa Barbara Research Center, CA) IN Machine remote-sensing data is described. Particular attention is given to processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: the subprograms in the appropriate software package, intended Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of for the processing of spectrally superposed data. B.J. the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN. June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics AS36784 Engineers, 1985, p. 26-33. ESTIMATION OF ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTIONS FROM The development of a boundary change detection technique is MULTIPLE AIRCRAFT IMAGERY discussed. The technique is applicable for agriculture, building M. D. STEVEN and E. M. ROLLIN (Nottingham University, construction, military surveillance, and glacier movement England) (Workshop on Atmospheric Corrections, University of observations. The gradient methods for boundary indications and Nottingham, England, May 22, 1985) International Journal of the global histogram and region growing classification techniques Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. 7, April 1986, p. 481-497. are examined. The procedures for two methods of boundary change NERC-supported research. refs detection are described and compared in terms of accuracy and Remote-sensing techniques measure the radiance of the computational requirements. One method uses gradient operators surface through a layer of atmosphere which both attenuates the and difference classifications to observe spectral changes and signal and adds a path radiance. One class of solution can be the second technique employs bitemporal classification to detect found using the known dependence of transmittance on spatial variations. It is noted that the second technique is more atmospheric path length. Multiheight measurements from aircraft accurate than the first; however, it requires more computational enable the determination of transmittance and path radiance by time. Author linear regression. Multiangle measurements from overlapping aircraft scans have also been applied, but the difference of path A86-37006 lengths offered by the range of aircraft scan angles is insufficient ESTIMATION OF THE LOCATION PARAMETER OF A to determine the atmospheric parameters with accuracy, especially MULTISPECTRAL DISTRIBUTION BY A MEDIAN OPERATOR with the uncertainties introduced by reflection from non-Lambertian C. A. POMALAZA-RAEZ and Y.4. FONG (Clarkson University, surfaces. The atmosphere is not horizontally homogeneous in the Potsdam, NY) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data presence of cloud or dense haze. Significant variations occur even - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and at a distance from clouds and, on cloudless days, variations in analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International optical depth can occur in dense haze layers. The variations are Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York. most significant at shorter wavelengths but have a coherent spatial Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 41-48. distribution which can be applied to distinguish zones of different refs atmospheric characteristics. Author Three different kinds of median type estimators for use in applications where the underlying probability distribution is A86-36790 multivariable are proposed and analyzed. Such applications arise LANDSAT TM IMAGE FORWARD/REVERSE SCAN BANDING in the area of remote sensing classification, problems, multispectral CHARACTERIZATION AND CORRECTION edges filtering, and computer vision systems. Both aspects, the L. FUSCO, U. FREI, D. TREVESE (ESA, European Space Research numerical complexity, and the statistical characteristics of the Institute, Frascati, Italy), P. N. BLONDA, G. PASQUARIELLO (CNR, estimators are studied and discussed. From the numerical results lstituto Elaborazione Segnali ed Immagini, Bari, Italy) et al. obtained by analytical and computer simulation methods there is International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161), vol. evidence that a simple extension of the scalar median estimator 7, April 1986, p. 557-575. refs has an overall performance (in the mean square error sense) that Cross-scan averages of forward and reverse scan are analysed is the same or better than the other two proposed estimators. to model the within-line sample-position-dependent noise of The computational requirements of this estimator are not excessive Landsat Thematic Mapper images, in cases where no radiometric making it attractive for applications where large amounts of data saturation is present. Two sources of banding are discussed: the are present. Author droop, already mentioned by other authors, and the so-called radiometric hysteresis. The defined models are used to generate AM-37017 a correction algorithm which has been tested with real data. HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF MULTITEMPORAUMULTI- Author SPECTRAL SCANNER DATA D. F. LOZANO-GARCIA and R. M. HOFFER (Purdue University, A86-37003 West Lafayette, IN) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed HIGH ACCURACY CLUSTERING USING RESIDUAL IMAGE data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and K. FUKUE, H. SHIMODA, and T. SAKATA (lokai University, Tokyo, analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Japan) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data - Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, 162-169. refs West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 , New York, Institute of To evaluate the classification accuracy of hierarchical classifiers, Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 17-25. the results obtained by the use of the layered hierarchical classifier The minimum residual clustering procedures used to classify were compared to those of a single stage classifier, using Landsat-1 remote sensing data is described. Training data problems, which MSS data obtained in June 1973 and February 1974 over two include the number of training classes and training data, and the central Indiana areas. Four procedures were used: (1) a standard effect of subclasses on training classes, are examined. Two single stage maximum likelihood classification employing an simulations were conducted in order to evaluate the characteristics sight-channel training statistics, and (4) the layered classifier, but of the minimum residual clustering. The applicability of the minimum treating the data from the two dates independently. It has been

49 07 DATA PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS found that the classification accuracies were relatively high for all additional simulation study indicated that the loss of image four procedures, but that the layered classifier was more efficient, information due to layover, foreshortening and radar shadow would requiring only one third of the CPU time used in the single stage be minimized using an elevation angle as high as 60 degrees at classification. I.S. the average Space Shuttle altitude of 260 km. R.R.

A86-37019 A86-37027' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., PROCESSING OF MULTI-SENSOR REMOTELY SENSED DATA Pasadena. TO A STANDARD GEOCODED FORMAT PRELIMINARY SCIENCE RESULTS FROM THE SHUTTLE T. A. FISHER (Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa) and IMAGING RADAR-B N. MlNlELLY (MacDonald Dettwiler and Associates, Ltd., M. RUZEK (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Vancouver, Canada) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed Laboratory, Pasadena) INMachine processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 254-265. 183-188. NASA-supported research. refs To realize the full potential of remotely sensed data, it must Preliminary results of analyzing digital radar imagery data be corrected and converted to a standard format. The Canada obtained by the SIR-B aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger STS Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS) has defined a standard 41-G are presented. The data cover 5 million square kilometers geocoded format (Guertin et al.) which is compatible with the of the earth surface between 57 deg north and south latitudes. Canadian National Topographic System (NTS) series of maps. This Radar imagery of the same target at different incidence angles paper gives the characteristics of the CCRS geocoded products, was used to classify surfaces by their backscatter response as a describes some of the benefits that will be derived from the function of incidence angle. The SIR-B proved to be useful for application of geocoded products, and gives a brief overview of collecting multiple incidence angle data sets over a broad range the Multi-Observational Satellite Image Correction System of targets, providing information in the areas of geology, archeology, (MOSAICS) which is being developed to create these products. forestry, agriculture, oceanography, geography, and hydrology. The MOSAICS will correct and convert imagery from a number of analysis is also used to optimize radar parameters such as look different satellites and sensors into CCRS geocoded format, angle for future missions. IS. producing a large number of high accuracy CCT and film products. Author A86-37028' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. A86-37022 THE SIR4 EXPERIMENT - MEASURING NEW VARIABLES MULTISOURCE DATA ANALYSIS IN REMOTE SENSING AND FROM SPACE WITH SAR GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION PROCESSING S. D. WALL (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion P. H. SWAIN (Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN), J. A. Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed RICHARDS, and T. LEE (New South Wales, University, Kensington, data - Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and Australia) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data - analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 268-270. West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of NASA-supported research. Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 21 1-218. SIR-C is a continuation of the Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR) (Contract NSF ECS-84-00324) series of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging systems flown A general approach is presented for the computer analysis, by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory aboard the Space Shuttle. SIR-A, using quantitative multivariate methods, of remote sensing data flown in 1981, showed that SAR can be a useful remote sensing combined with other sources of data in geographic information tool in the fields of geology, hydrology, and oceanography. SIR-B systems. A method is proposed by which inferences can be drawn added the capability of moving the radar's antenna in 1984, showing systematically from multiple observations having significant but that multiple incidence angle images add materially to the unknown interactions. A simple classification experiment with usefulness of SAR. SIR-C will add the dimensions of wavelength Landsat MSS data is undertaken to illustrate the use of this and polarization, providing the most powerful system ever flown method. Author for SAR scientific studies of the earth. Author

A86-37026 A86-37032' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. RADAR IMAGE SIMULATION AS A TOOL TO ANALYZE Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. TOPOGRAPHIC EFFECTS ON GEOMETRY AND RADIOMETRY MEASUREMENT OF THEMATIC MAPPER DATA QUALITY OF RADAR IMAGERY R. C. WRIGLEY, C. A. HLAVKA, D. H. CARD (NASA, Ames G. DOMIK (Graz, Technische Universitaet und Forschungszentrum, Research Center, Moffett Field, CA), J. S. BUlS (Technicolor Austria) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data - Government Services, Inc., Moffett Field, CA), R. A. Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical SCHOWENGERDT (Arizona, University, Tucson) et al. IN: Machine methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 248-253. refs the Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June (Contract ESA-5443183 / D/IM(SC)) 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Radar image simulation was used to create a relationship Engineers, 1985, p. 303-314. refs between radar image coordinates and corresponding terrain Thematic Mapper data from Landsat-4 and Landsat-5 were properties as a means of analyzing radar radiometry and geometry. examined for band-to-band registration, absolute geodetic Using a digital elevation model, and flight and image parameters registration, periodic noise and spatial resolution. Between focal extracted from SIR-A data of Sardegna collected in November planes, appreciable misregistrations existed in early data products 1981, the simulator models all geometric aspects of the SIR-A but were corrected in later data products. The analysis of absolute sensor, and the image is then registered and geometrically rectified geodetic registration used only system-corrected data because to yield a radar ortho image of the digital terrain model geometry. ground control point-corrected data were unavailable. Geodetic Radiometric correction of the radar image, removing the effects registration errors averaged only 9.7 pixels, less than expected of topographic slopes, enabled lithological mapping, and for the for system-correcteddata. Periodic noise at four spatial frequencies given example, two thematic classes were differentiated. An was observed in Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper data by using Fourier

50 07 DATA PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS analysis on small areas over water. Magnitudes of periodic noise A86-39545 components were consistent within a scene. The modulation A TECHNIQUE FOR ASSESSING THE SEVERITY OF TERRAIN transfer function was determined for two Landsat-4 scenes. The SHADOWING IN MOBILE SATELLITE SERVICE effective instantaneous field of view was 40.8 meters in one case, A. HILLS (Alaska, University, Fairbanks) and D. C. ROGERS and 48.6 meters in the other. Author (Chugach Electric Association, Anchorage, AK) IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation (ISSN 0018-926X), vol. AP-34, April 1986, p. 601-603. A86-37033 A graphical analysis technique is presented that produces an estimate of the severity of terrain shadowing of a particular A CLUSTERING ALGORITHM FOR REMOTE SENSING MULTISPECTRAL DATA geosynchronous satellite. The technique can be used to analyze L. I. DAWEI (Zhanjiang Electronic Industrial Co., People’s Republic the coverage provided by a new group of satellites capable of of China) IN: Machine processing of remotely sensed data - direct communication with mobile and transportable units. Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical Application of the technique to a number of highways in Alaska is methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, described. Author West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 31 5-318. refs N86-23028# National Aerospace Lab., Amsterdam (Netherlands). A clustering algorithm, named SORT, used for classification of Informatics Div. remote sensing multispectral data is described. The program MAP DIGITIZATION OFFERS NEW POSSIBILITIES involves the scanning of the entire image and the construction of F. A. GERRITSEN and H. J. BOS 6 Aug. 1984 13 p Repr. a cluster table. The SORT program operates in the IRAS II image from De lngenieur (Utrecht, Netherlands), v. 96, no. 94, Apr. 1984 processing system and is applicable for geoscience studies. I.F. p 26-29 In DUTCH; ENGLISH summary Presented at Royal Netherlands Institute of Engineering (KLvL) Digital Maps Symposium, The Hague, Netherlands, 8 Feb. 1984 Original contains color illustrations A86-37864# (NLR-MP-84061-U; 88571449) Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF A01 DESIGN OF THE EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY THEMATIC Alternatives for the digitization of map information, its application MAPPER PROCESSING CHAINS possibilities, costs, and required efforts are discussed. Structured G. TREVlSlOL (Advanced Computer Systems, Italy) IN: geographic data bases for map production offer a large range or International Conference on Space, 25th, Rome, Italy, March 26-28, possibilities, but require large personnel efforts. Simple interactive 1985, Proceedings . Rome, Rassegna lnternazionale Elettronica use for presentation purposes demands a less complicated way Nucleare ed Aerospaziale, 1985, p. 207-215. of digitization, but requires relatively expensive apparatus. An A data processing system is described that is designed to automated system for flight route planning is mentioned. process the data acquired from Landsats 4 and 5 (Multispectral Author (ESA) Scanner and Thematic Mapper data) and SPOT (HVR1 and HVR2 data). The data are received by the SSX Acquisition System and N86-25919# National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, Colo. recorded on a high density digital recorder during a satellite pass. EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI DATA SERVICES AND User products, or output products, are available as images stored PUBLICATIONS on computer compatible tapes (CCT) and as images stored on Dec. 1985 15 p film. The processing subsystem provides quick-look images on (PB86-156254; KGRD-15-REV) Avail: NTlS HC AO2/MF A01 CCT or film and rawlsystem-corrected images on CCT or 240-mm CSCL 08G film. The data management subsystem provides for automatic order The National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information handling of output products, monitoring of the production process, Service (NESDIS) collects, manages, and diseminates the great and management of the Image Catalogue. Design criteria and mass of information produced by the scientific observation of hardware and software subsystem overviews are discussed. The interplanetary space and the physical world. Data activities in project was completely successful. D.H. seismology, gravity, geomagnetism, marine geology and geophysics, geothermics, and solar-terrestrial physics are directed by the NESDIA National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) in A86-39150 Boulder, CO. NGDC also provides facilities for World Data Center-A APPLICATION OF SHUTTLE IMAGING RADAR DATA FOR (including the disciplines of Solid Earth Geophysics, Marine Geology LAND USE INVESTIGATIONS and Geophysics, Solar-Terrestrial Physcis, and Glaciology). The J. LIU (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Remote Sensing products and services in seismology are briefly described. NGDC Application, Beijing, People’s Republic of China), X. TENG (Chinese is a focal point for disseminating historical earthquake data and Academy of Sciences, Changchun Physics Institute, People’s information to both technical and general users. Author Republic of China), and J. XlAO (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geochemistry, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China) N86-27749’# Colorado Univ., Boulder. Dept. of Astrophysics, Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257), vol. 19, June Planentary and Atmospheric Science. 1986, p. 291 -301. TRANSIENT RESPONSE TO LOCALIZED EPISODIC HEATING A Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR)-A image in the south of Tianijin IN THE TROPICS acquired by the SIR-A in November 1981 was interpreted manually M. L. SALBY and R. R. GARCIA (National Center for Atmospheric and with the aid of a computer system. The methods of processing Research, Boulder, Colo.) In International Council of Scientific involved density slicing with statistical training, producing Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18 8 p Dec. 1985 normalized false color composite images through coregistration of Avail: NTlS HC A23/MF A01; also available from SCOSTEP the SIR-A and Landsat MSS image data sets, and unsupervised Secretariat, Illinois Univ., 1406 West Green Street, Urbana, 111. clustering. The interpretation keys for the SIR-A image were 61801 CSCL 04A established after investigation in situ and analysis of soil dielectric It is generally recognized that equatorial disturbances in the and moisture properties. The interpretation accuracy for various lower stratosphere are excited by convective latent heat release images were determined by using a combination of color infrared associated with the Internal Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). and aerial photography and land use maps acquired recently. The Recently, attention has also focused on tropical convection with research indicates that the SIR-A data can remedy some defects regard to extratropical teleconnection patterns. Unlike equatorial of Landsat MSS data due to the SIR-A’s better response to waves which are trapped about the equator but propagate vertically, residential areas and linear features. The SIR-AILandsat MSS the latter extend well out of the tropics but are barotropic. They normalized composite image incorporated the strong points of both. have been most widely discussed in connection with long-term The interpretation accuracy, therefore was increased. Author climatological features. Both types of disturbances have been

51 08 INSTRUMENTATION AND SENSORS examined largely from the standpoint of steady monochromatic A86-33501 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst. forcing, in the latter case zero frequency or time-mean heating. 1985 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING However, tropical convection as revealed by recent geostationary SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS '85), UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSElTS, satellite imagery is anything but regular, surely not steady. Much AMHERST, OCTOBER 7-9, 1985, DIGEST. VOLUMES 1 & 2 of the heating variance is concentrated spatially within three K. R. CARVER, ED. (Massachusetts, University, Amherst) localized convective centers: Indonesia, the Amazon, and the Symposium sponsored by IEEE, NASA, Navy, et al. New York, Congo. Convective activity within these regions undergoes an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985. Vol. irregular evolution over the span of a couple of days. It involves a 1, 577 p.; vol. 2, 661 p. For individual items see A86-33502 to rather broad spectrum of spatial and temporal scales. The analysis A86-33603, A86-33605 to A86-33647. of cloud brightness over the Eastern Atlantic and Africa suggests The present conference on remote sensing instrumentation a characteristic time scale of 3-4 days and correlations scales in considers topics in water resources research, planetary remote latitude and longitude of approximately 30 deg. Author sensing and mathematical geophysics, sea ice behavior in view of the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratories pond measurements, Shuttle Imaging Radar-B (SIR-B) system performance and calibration results, geological applications of remote sensing, and microwave scattering from vegetation. Further attention is given to atmospheric probing with lasers, image processing for remote sensing, forest inventory and condition assessment, atmospheric remote sensing, SIR-B geological results, the reflectance, emission, and scattering characteristics of INSTRUMENTATION AND SENSORS vegetation, sea ice sensing, multipolarization SAR results, the theoretical modeling of surfaces and volumes, crop condition Includes data acquisition and camera systems and remote assessment and productivity estimates, and SIR-B results for sensors. vegetation cover. Also considered are the microwave remote sensing of soil moisture, advanced sensors, advanced information extraction, wind and wave remote observations, results from the A86-31222 ESA Remote Sensing satellite, large area crop and land cover SPOT - A HIGH-PRECISION VIEW OF THE EARTH statistics, SIR-B results for directional ocean wave spectra, S. COMPARD Revue Aerospatiale (ISSN 0065-3780), March seasonal snow cover, ice sheets, and lake ice, fundamental 1986, p. 34-37. In English and French. research in terrain remote sensing, image classification methods, The design of SPOT which travels in a near-polar, vegetation stress detection, remote sensing of coastal processes, sun-synchronous orbit 822 km above the earth is examined. The SAR systems and calibration, electromagneticgeophysical methods capabilities of the two high-resolution-visibleimaging instruments and signal processing, image processing techniques, and SAR that scan an area 117 km wide with a resolution of 10 m or 20 m internal wave measurements. O.C. are studied. The noncontinuous imaging process is described. The benefits SPOT provides to its customers including ecologists, A86-33502 geologists, and oceanographers are discussed. I.F. NOAA PLANS FOR REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH, OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE G. OHHING (NOAA, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and A86-333 17 Information Service, Washington, DC) IN: 1985 International AN ALGORITHM FOR THE IDENTlFlCATlON OF CLOUD COVER Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), AND THE ESTIMATION OF SPECTRAL BRIGHTNESSES OF THE Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, CLOUDLESS ATMOSPHERE ACCORDING TO SATELLITE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. SCANNING MEASUREMENTS OF OUTGOING IR RADIATION 2-8. [OB ODNOM ALGORITME IDENTlFlKATSll OBLACHNOI I The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration OTSENKI SPEKTRAL'NYKH IARKOSTEI BEZOBLACHNOI (NOAA) operates a multisatellite system, capable of continuous ATMOSFERY PO DANNYM SPUTNIKOVYKH global coverage of the earth, which employs two polar-orbit SKANIRUIUSHCHIKH IZMERENII UKHODIASHCHEGO IK Advanced Tiros-N (ATN) satellites, two Geostationary Operational IZLUCHENIIA] Environmental Satellites (GOES), and two Landsats. Although the IU. V. PLOKHENKO and V. E. TRETIAKOV IN: Aspects of the ATN and GOES satellites were designed for atmospheric processing and interpretation of measurement data from observations, they furnish additional data on the land and ocean meteorological satellites . Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1985, p. components of the earth system. Attention is presently given to 36-41. In Russian. NOAA plans for the improvement of this earth remote sensing satellite system in the near-term period ending in 1992 and in the long term period extending from there to the year 2000. O.C. A86-333 18 EXPERIMENTS ON THE REMOTE TEMPERATURE SOUNDING A86-33533 OF THE ATMOSPHERE ON THE BASIS OF NOAA-SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS RADIOMETER MEASUREMENTS [EKSPERlMENlY PO J. A. COAKLEY, JR. (National Center for Atmospheric Research, DISTANTSIONNOMU TEMPERATURNOMU ZONDlROVANllU Boulder, CO) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote ATMOSFERY NA OSNOVE RADIOMETRICHESKIKH IZMERENII Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, S IS2 NOAA] 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of Electrical and IU. M. TUMOFEEV, IU. V. PLOKHENKO, and A. B. USPENSKll Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 227-232. refs IN: Aspects of the processing and interpretation of measurement An approach is described to the retrieval of cloud cover data from meteorological satellites . Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, information from the imagery data of the Tiros-N Advanced Very 1985, p. 42-49. In Russian. refs High Resolution Radiometer, making it possible to probe the A description is given of algorithms and programs for the physical properties of clouds. The 65,000-pixel visible and IR secondary processing of measurements of outgoing radiation of images for a 1000 km x 1000 km area of the Pacific Ocean were the ground-atmosphere system, measured with the NOAA HIRS/2 constructed from data with a spatial resolution of 4 km x 4 km. radiometer of the TOVS system with the aim of To treat only partially cloud-covered pixels the spatial coherence atmospheric-temperature sounding. Results are presented of method of Coakley and Bretherton (1982) was used. The method numerical experiments on temperature sounding based on HIRS/2 takes advantage of the fact that for many large-scale cloud archive data prepared during the ALPEX experiment. B.J. systems, the clouds lie in distinct well-defined layers and are often

52 08 INSTRUMENTATION AND SENSORS opague at infrared wavelengths. A plot of the reflected 3.7-micron A86-33586' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., radiance data versus emitted 11-micron radiance for a Pasadena. single-layered cloud system observed during the day shows that SPACEBORNE IMAGING RADAR (SIR) PROJECT cloud-covered pixels reflect less of the 3.7-micron radiation than C. ELACHI, N. HERMAN (California Institute of Technology, Jet do some of the pixels that are only partially cloud-covered. The Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena), and K. CARVER reflectivity is greater for small, finite clouds because these clouds (Massachusetts, University, Amherst) IN: 1985 International allow photons that enter the cloud top to escape through a side, Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), while large extensive clouds would absorb the same photons. Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, I.S. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 625-628. An overview is given of elements of the SIR (Shuttle Imaging Radar) project, covering the coming decade. The project is intended A86-33545' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. to develop the scientific basis and the required technology of the PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING OF STRATOSPHERIC AND Earth Orbiting Satellite (EOS) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). MESOSPHERIC WINDS Plans are ongoing for a SIR-B reflight in 1987, a dual SIR-C flight D. J. MCCLEESE and J. S. MARGOLIS (California Institute of in 1989 and a SIR-D flight in 1992 leading to an advanced Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: 1985 multispectral multipolarization imaging sensor for flight on EOS in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium 1994. The conventional and distributed radar approaches are (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 compared. D.H. . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 333-338. NASA-supported research. A passive infrared sensor for remote sounding of the wind field in the stratosphere and mesosphere from near earth orbital spacecraft is described. The sensor utilizes gas correlation spectroscopy and electrooptic phase-modulation techniques to A86-33588' Massachusetts Univ., Amherst. measure winds in the 20-120 km altitude range, temperature, and ELECTRONICALLY STEERED THINNED ARRAY RADIOMETER atmospheric species concentrations. The operation of the sensor (ESTAR) SYSTEM DESIGN, CALIBRATION, AND SENSITIVITY is examined. The sensitivity of the sensor is small Doppler shifts C. RUF, C. T. SWIFT (Massachusetts, University, Amherst), and in an observed spectrum and the performance of the instrument D. LEVINE (NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD) were evaluated using laboratory simulation and numerical modeling. IN: 1985 InternationalGeoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium The data reveal that the sensor's wind measurements should have (IGARSS '85). Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 an accuracy better than 5 m/s and a spatial resolution of 5 km . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., vertical by 150 km horizontal. I.F. 1985, p. 635-640. refs The ESTAR system, an imaging L-band radiometer designed to provide measurements of soil moisture from space, is described. A86-33547 The large aperture size dictated by the resolution requirement (10 REMOTE SENSING OF VERTICAL MOISTURE PROFILES AND km or less) suggests the use of aperture synthesis, and plans to CLOUD PROPERTIES FROM SIMULATED MILLIMETER WAVE have ESTAR operate in low earth orbit require that the synthesis SOUNDER AND MICROWAVE IMAGER DATA be performed in the short data acquisition time permitted by satellite R. G. ISAACS and G. DEBLONDE (Atmospheric and Environmental motion. Two forms of ESTAR are described. ESTAR-0 is to be an Research Inc., Cambridge, MA) IN: 1985 InternationalGeoscience airborne prototype designed for proof of concept; it will image a and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, line of eight adjacent pixels with 8 degree spatial resolution of 0.1 October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 1 . New York, Institute of degree Kelvin temperature resolution, given 1 sec integration time. Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 345-350. refs ESTAR-1 is the satellite version to operate from space. A tentative (Contract F19628-83-C-0027; F19628-84-C-0134) sensor design will image a line of 128 0.5 degree pixels with 2.0 degree K resolution assuming 0.7 sec integration at 700 km altitude. D.H. A86-33584' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. MICROWAVE BACKSCATTER AND EMISSION OBSERVED FROM SHUTTLE IMAGING RADAR B AND AN AIRBORNE 1.4 GHZ RADIOMETER J. R. WANG, J. C. SCHIUE, T. J. SCHMUGGE (NASA, Goddard A86-33589 Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD), E. T. ENGMAN (USDA, PUSH-BROOM MICROWAVE RADIOMETER SYSTEMS FOR Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD), T. MO (Computer SPACE APPLICATIONS Sciences Corp., Beltsville, MD), and R. W. LAWRENCE (NASA, N. SKOU (Danmarks Tekniske Hojskole, Lyngby, Denmark) IN: Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA) IN: 1985 International 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 1985, p. 641-646. ESA-supported research. refs 607-612. refs A comparison is given between the conventional method of A soil moisture experiment conducted with the Shuttle Imaging imaging the earth's surface by scanning a single beam antenna Radar B (SIR-B) is reported. SIR-B operated at 1.28 GHz provided carried by a satellite and the pushbroom approach which does the active microwave measurements, while a 4-beam pushbroom not use a scanning antenna. In the pushbroom approach, a multiple 1.4 GHz radiometer gave the complementary passive microwave beam antenna covers the swath while the satellite moves forward; measurements. The aircraft measurements were made at an numbers of radiometer receivers are connected to an equal number altitude of 330 m, resulting in a ground resolution cell of about of antenna feeds to sense the earth simultaneously. Relationships 100 m diameter. SIR-B ground resolution from 225 km was about between swath width, footprint, integration time, satellite height, 35 m. More than 150 agricultural fields in the San Joaquin Valley frequency A0 are presented for earth oriented imaging systems. of California were examined in the experiment. The effect of surface Three specific examples of geophysical measurement situations roughness height on radar backscatter and radiometric calling for the pushbroom solution are dealt with: sea ice mapping, measurements was studied. D.H. coastal salinity, and soil moisture measurements. D.H.

53 08 INSTRUMENTATION AND SENSORS

A86-33590' Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., A86-33634' Environmental Research Inst. of Michigan, Ann Pasadena. Arbor. HIGH RESOLUTION MILLIMETER-WAVE IMAGING SENSOR VERIFICATION OF L-BAND SAR CALIBRATION W. J. WILSON, R. J. HOWARD, and G. S. PARKS (California R. w. LARSON, P. L. JACKSON, and E. KASISCHKE (Michigan, Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena) IN: Environmental Research Institute, Ann Arbor) IN: 1985 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85),Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 647-649. Army-supported research. 1985, p. 1001-1006. NASA-supported research. A scanning 3-mm radiometer is described that has been built (Contract NO0014-81 -c-0692) for use on a small aircraft to produce real time high resolution Absolute calibration of a digital L-band SAR system to an images of the ground when atmospheric conditions such as smoke, accuracy of better than 3 dB has been verified. This was dust, and clouds make IR and visual sensors unusable. The sensor accomplished with a calibration signal generator that produces can be used for a variety of remote sensing applications such as the phase history of a point target. This signal relates calibration measurements of snow cover and snow water equivalent, values to various SAR data sets. Values of radar cross-section precipitation mapping, vegetation type and extent, surface moisture (RCS) of reference reflectors were obtained using a derived and temperature, and surface thermal inertia. The advantages of calibration relationship for the L-band channel on the ERIM/CCRS millimeter waves for cloud penetration and the ability to observe X-C-L SAR system. Calibrated RCS values were compared to different physical phenomena make this system an attractive known RCS values of each reference reflector for verification and supplement to visible and IR remote sensing systems. D.H. to obtain an error estimate. The calibration was based on the radar response to 21 calibrated reference reflectors. Author

A86-33636 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYNTHETIC A86-33623' National Aeronautics and Space Administration. APERTURE RADAR TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. SUBSYSTEM DESIGN AND SOME COMPONENT TEST EXTENDED TESTING OF A GENERAL CONTEXTUAL RESULTS CLASSIFIER USING THE MASSIVELY PARALLEL PROCESSOR I. IZUMI, K. NISHIKOWA, Y. UENO, M. FUKAI, K. TANAKA (NEC - PRELIMINARY RESULTS AND TEST PLANS Corp., Tokyo, Japan) et al. IN: 1985 International Geoscience J. C. TILTON (NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, MD) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 1014-1017. Volume 2 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics An account is given of research and development work on Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. 900-905. refs synthetic aperture radar for earth observation satellites, with Earlier encouraging test results of a contextual classifier that reference to the Japanese Earth Resources Satellite-1, to be combines spatial and spectral information employing a general launched in FY 1990. The subsystem design to establish the statistical approach are expanded. The earlier results were of limited functions, configuration, and main design parameters for this meaning because they were produced from small (50-by-50 pixel) equipment is described. Test results are given for some key data sets. An implementation of the contextual classifier on NASA components of the SAR transmitter and receiver. D.H. Goddard's Massively Parallel Processor (MPP) is presented; for the first time the MPP makes feasible the testing of the classifier on large data sets (a 12-hour test on a VAX-11/780 minicomputer A86-33641 now takes 5 minutes on the MPP). The MPP is a Single-Instruction, HIGH SPEED IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM WITH CUSTOM Multiple Data Stream computer, consisting of 16,384 bit serial VLSl FOR DSP microprocessors connected in a 128-by-128 mesh array with each M. KUBO, Y. KUNIYASU, S. HORII, A. KANUMA, M. SUGAl element having data transfer connections with its four nearest (Toshiba Corp., Kawasaki, Japan) et al. IN: 1985 International neighbors so that the MPP is capable of billions of operations per Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), second. Preliminary results are given (with more expected for the Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, conference) and plans are mentioned for extended testing of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. contextual classifier on Thematic Mapper data sets. D.H. 1097-1102. refs The error in the sum of products operation caused by the underflow in the accumulator of the VLSl is analyzed and avoided by its sizing. The effect of word length constraint in FFT and inverse FFT in series is measured by simulation to size the VLSI. The outlook for the precise and fast image processing is examined; A86-33633 100 km x 100 km SAR image formation is done within six minutes SNR IN SAR with 16 VLSls in parallel. Author R. K. RANEY (RADARSAT, Ottawa, Canada) IN: 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '85), Amherst, MA, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volume 2 . New York, A06-34112# Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1985, p. COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS OF THE NAVSTAR GLOBAL 994-999. refs POSITIONING SYSTEM The issue of signal-to-noise ratio for a synthetic aperture radar M. W. MILLER (Rockwell International Corp., Satellite Systems (SAR) observing extended natural terrain is readdressed. The Div., Washington, DC) IN: US. Opportunities in Space Conference; generally accepted form of the SNR equation (providing the design Proceedings of the Second Annual Space Business Conference, basis of famous SARs) is only 'almost correct' and actually depends Washington, DC, October 30-November 1, 1985 . London, Space on two offsetting errors for its success. It is not appropriate to Consultants International, Ltd., 1985, 10 p. substitute an area increment of average reflectivity for peak point The characteristics and operation of the Global Positioning target reflectivity, nor is it correct phenomenologically to apply System (GPS) are described. The benefits GPS will provide to coherent gain to mean power measures. An expression is given civilian air, sea, land, and space travel are discussed. Specific that retains the minimum parameters essential to describe SAR commercial applications for the satellite system, which include air sensitivity to uniform natural scatterers and is based on more traffic control, time synchronization, and oil exploration, are appropriate application of SAR operation. D.H. analyzed. I.F.

54 08 INSTRUMENTATION AND SENSORS

A86-34736 A86-36080 TERRAIN HEIGHT MEASUREMENT BY SYNTHETIC APERTURE PRACTICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY FROM 35-MM AERIAL RADAR WITH AN INTERFEROMETER PHOTOGRAPHY H. HIROSAWA and N. KOBAYASHI (Tokyo, University, Japan) A. ROBERTS and L. GRISWOLD (Simon Fraser University, International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1 161), vol. Burnaby, Canada) Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote 7, March 1986, p. 339-348. refs Sensing (ISSN 0099-1112), vol. 52, April 1986, p. 501-508. refs This paper describes the terrain height measurement capability To date, photogrammetry has been primarily concerned with of synthetic aperture radar with an interferometer assuming the the analysis of 240-mm photographs or transparencies taken with radar operates on a satellite. The interferometer phase metric cameras. With advances in microcomputer controlled measurement uncertainty due to additive thermal noise and analytical stereoplotters, 35-mm aerial photography cm achieve multiplicative speckle noise, which determine the upper limit of acceptable levels of accuracy. The photogrammetric accuracy of the height measurement accuracies of this radar system, has been 35-mm aerial photography was analyzed using a modified Zeiss obtained by numerical simulation. The height measurement G-2 Stereocord. The imagery distortions were corrected using the accuracies attainable on relatively flat terrain areas are of roughly analytical orientation procedures of the stereoplotting the same order as range resolution when C- or X-band radar is hardware-software system. Vertical measurements deviated not operated at an altitude of 300 km. Author more than + or - 0.001 of the flying height from ground truth values. These results are within precision standards for many practical photogrammetry applications. Author

A86-36514 CHOICE OF SPECTRAL BANDS FOR A SPACEBORNE A86-34737 MULTISPECTRAL SCANNER [VYBOR ZON SPEKTRA PRI 1 AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO GEOMETRIC PRECISION KOSMICHESKOI S’EMKE] PROCESSING OF SPACEBORNE HIGH-RESOLUTION N. A. TEPLIAKOV and V. M. CHERNIN IN: Methods of combined SENSORS air and space remote-sensing studies of Siberia Novosibirsk, A. MOCCIA and S. VETRELLA (Napoli, Universita, Naples, Italy) . Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1985, p. 72-75. In Russian. International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1 161), vol. A graph-analytical method based on the simultaneous analysis 7, March 1986, p. 349-359. Research supported by the Minister0 of the parameters of the scanning objects is presented for refs della Pubblica lstruzione and CNR. determining the optimal spectral bands for a multispectral scanner. The planimetric errors due to terrain relief and atmospheric Recommendations are given on the improvement of remote-sensing ’ .efraction must be considered when high geometric resolution optical filters and on the compilation of a spectral-contrast catalog sensors and off-nadir viewing angles are used. This paper presents for remote-sensing objects. B.J. an approach to correct these errors using an integrated procedure that takes into account geometric and radiometric effects, :onnected to simulations of future remote-sensing systems or A86-36785 mecision data processing. A diagram shows the relation between SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING OF ATMOSPHERIC OPTICAL the root mean square error of the digital elevation model necessary DEPTH SPECTRUM to correct the terrain relief effect and the achievable scale of the S. ARANUVACHAPUN (Exeter, University, England) (Workshop wtput image map. The procedure is currently applied to the SPOT on Atmospheric Corrections, University of Nottingham, England, simulation on the Basilicata test site in southern Italy. A short May 22, 1985) International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN example is given to analyse the geometric errors involved. 0143-1161), vol. 7, April 1986, p. 499-514. refs Author Satellite radiance data are applied to the study of optical depth and aerosol radiative transfer in the atmosphere. The collection of the coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) radiance data and measured aerosol size distribution data utilized in this analysis is described. The equations for computing the radiance of the aerosol size distribution and oceanic surface albedo are presented. The A86-35425 variability of the aerosol phase function, which represents the ASIAN CONFERENCE ON REMOTE SENSING, 5TH, aerosol radiative transfer in the atmosphere, is examined. CZCS KATHMANDU, NEPAL, NOVEMBER 15-16, 1984, and the computed radiance data are compared and an optical PROCEEDINGS depth spectrum is derived. The results reveal that there is a strong Conference sponsored by the Ministry of Forest and Soil dependence of optical depth on the wavelength. It is noted that Conservation of Nepal, Japan Association of Remote Sensing, ocean color remote-sensingdata is useful for estimating the optical Tokai University, et al. Tokyo, University of Tokyo, 1985, 503 p. depth spectrum of the earth’s atmosphere. I.F. No individual items are abstracted in this volume. Papers are presented on remote sensing activities in A86-36838*# National Aeionautics and Space Administration. Bangladesh, China, India, Japan, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Nepal, and Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. Asia; airborne radar system use in topographic mapping; SAGE OBSERVATIONS OF STRATOSPHERIC NITROGEN photometric camera mission on Spacelab 1; and the use of remote DIOXIDE sensing technique in archaeology. Topics discussed include the W. P. CHU and M. P. MCCORMICK (NASA, Langley Research application of remote sensing to agriculture/forestry, Center, Hampton, VA) Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN landuse/cartography, water resources/oceanography,and geology 0148-0227), vol. 91, April 30, 1986, p. 5465-5476. refs and geomorphology. Consideration is given to the utilization of The global distribution of nitrogen dioxide in the middle to upper continuation methods is enhancement of satellite/low flying MSS stratosphere (25-45 km altitude) for the period February 1979 to digital imagery; three dimensional measurement by stereo Landsat November 1981 has been determined from observations of MSS CCT data; tachometry by a nonmetric camera in a model attenuated solar radiation in the visible region 0.385-0.45 micron plane; print plotted false color imageries and its use in remote by the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) satellite sensing studies; application of airborne multispectral scanners; instrument. The SAGE-derived NO2 vertical profiles compare well remote sensing inputs to resource data management system for with observations by balloon- and aircraft-borne sensors. The global developing countries; photogrammetric accuracy of stereo space SAGE NO2 distributions generally show a maximum in mixing ratio photographs taken by metric camera from Spacelab 1; remotely of 8 parts per billion by volume at about 35 km altitude near the sensed canopy temperature based models for estimating equatorial latitudes at local sunset. The location of the mixing evapotranspiration; and the use of color plotter to generate high ratio peak moves synchronously with the overhead sun for the resolution image pixels. I.F. four different seasons. High-latitude NO2 column content shows

55 08 INSTRUMENTATION AND SENSORS strong seasonal variation, with a maximum in local summer and a A86-39559 minimum in local winter. Selected data at high-latitude winter THE ARGOS SYSTEM FOR POSITIONING AND DATA seasons are presented, suggesting that the large variation shown COLLECTION BY SATELLITE - CHARACTERISTICS AND could be explained by the coupling of both dynamics and PERFORMANCE LEVELS [LE SYSTEME ARGOS DE photochemistry of the NO(x) species. Finally, profiles of the ratio LOCALISATION ET DE COLLECTE DE DONNEES PAR of sunset to sunrise NO2 mixing ratios, peaking at about a factor SATELLITE CARACTERISTIQUES ET PERFORMANCES] of two at 30 km, are shown. Author R. ROSS0 (CNES, Paris, France) Navigation (Paris) (ISSN 0028-1530), vol. 34, April 1986, p. 187-195. In French. The ARGOS system was developed jointly by CNES, NASA and NOAA for positioning and data collection purposes after the A86-37001 success of the Eole satellite in relaying meteorological balloon MACHINE PROCESSING OF REMOTELY SENSED DATA - data. The system has three segments: data collection stations, QUANTIFYING GLOBAL PROCESS: MODELS, SENSOR meteorological satellites, and a ground system for receiving, SYSTEMS, AND ANALYTICAL METHODS; PROCEEDINGS OF two storing and processing the data. The data gathering equipment is THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, PURDUE located at 750 sites in 24 countries and on ships at sea. UNIVERSITY, WEST LAFAYETTE, IN, JUNE 25-27, 1985 Transmissions to the satellites for relay are performed at 401.650 S. K. MENGEL, ED. and D. 8. MORRISON, ED. Symposium MHz. The satellites fly an 850 km altitude polar orbit, each having sponsored by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science 250 data collection platforms in line-of-sight link at all times. Each Society of America, IEEE, et ai. New York, Institute of Electrical data stream received is marked to identify the transmitting station, and Electronics Engineers, 1985, 380 p. For individual items see time and frequency of the transmission. The central data treatment A86-37002 to A86-37036. facility is at Toulouse; receiving stations are also located in Alaska, Consideration is given to global biogeochemical issues, image Virginia and Lannion. The data is stored for remote interrogation processing, remote sensing of tropical environments, global through telephone links. The satellites transmit signals at 401.650 processes, geology, landcover hydrology, and ecosystems MHz, which permits positioning by measurement of the Doppler modeling. Topics discussed include multisensor remote sensing effect so long as precise orbital predictions for the spacecraft are strategies, geographic information systems, radars, and agricultural available. M.S.K. remote sensing. Papers are presented on fast feature extraction; a computational approach for adjusting TM imagery terrain distortions; the segmentation of a textured image by a maximum A86-39969 likelihood classifier; analysis of MSS Landsat data; sun angle and THE EFFECT OF THE ATMOSPHERE ON THE SATELLITE background effects on spectral response of simulated forest REMOTE SENSING OF EARTH RESOURCES [VLIIANIE canopies; an integrated approach for vegetation/landcover ATMOSFERY NA ISSLEDOVANIIA PRIRODNYKH RESURSOV mapping with digital Landsat images; geological and I2 KOSMOSA] geomorphological studies using an image processing technique; K. IA. KONDRATEV, 0. I. SMOKTII, and V. V. KOZODEROV and wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree conditions and Moscow, Izdatel'stvo Mashinostroenie, 1985, 272 p, In Russian. leaf-nutrient content. I.F. refs The work examines the development of algorithms and schemes for the atmospheric radiation correction of satellite remote-sensing data. Attention is given to theoretical aspects of the solution of A86-37007 direct and inverse problems connected with the analysis of THE EMERGENCE OF AIRBORNE VIDEO TECHNIQUES AS AN outgoing-radiationfields of the system consisting of the atmosphere ALTERNATIVE FOR ACCESSING TROPICAL ENVIRONMENTS and a horizontal inhomogeneous underlying surface. Computing - A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE systems are described which make possible the real-time correction R. D. MOWER (North Dakota, University, Grand Forks) IN: of spectral-band photographs and spectrograms of earth Machine processing of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global resources. B.J. process: Models, sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium, West N86-23025# Sherbrooke Univ. (Quebec). Dept. de Geographie. Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 59-64. refs [LES MICRO-ONDES EN TELEDETECTION] The development of remote sensing systems is discussed. The P. DESFOSSES, J. M. M. DUBOIS, and F. BONN Oct. 1985 use of video technology to acquire airborne video data and 126 p refs In FRENCH; ENGLISH summary techniques for analyzing the data are described. The application (SU-84; SU-85; ISSN-0710-0868) Avail: NTlS HC A07/MF A01 of airborne video technology to tropical areas in developing Fundamentals of microwave remote sensing are presented. It countries is examined. Examples of remote sensing projects that is noted that there is a need for a simple introduction to this employed airborne video technology are presented. I.F. specialized subject. The fundamentals of microwave physics are introduced. Radar systems, wave interaction with natural surfaces and interpretation of radar imagery are discussed. E.A.K. A86-37343 APPLICATIONS OF SENSOR PAYLOADS N86-23159'# Oklahoma Univ., Norman. National Severe Storms J. W. JACK (Ferranti Defence Systems, Ltd., Electro-Optics Dept.. Lab. Edinburgh, Scotland) IN: Remotely piloted vehicles; International ANALYSIS OF AIRBORNE DOPPLER LIDAR, DOPPLER RADAR Conference, 5th, Bristol, England, September 9-11, 1985, AND TALL TOWER MEASUREMENTS OF ATMOSPHERIC Supplementary Papers . Bristol, England, University of Bristol, 1985, FLOWS IN QUIESCENT AND STORMY WEATHER Contractor p. 17.1 -17.7. Report, 27 Apr. 1982 - 31 Jul. 1985 An account is given of the availability and performance H. B. BLUESTEIN, R. J. DOVIAK, M. D. EILTS, E. W. MCCAUL, capabilities of TV, intensified TV, pyroelectric vidicon, and thermal R. RABIN, A. SUNDARA-RAJAN, and D. S. ZRNlC Washington imaging systems applicable to visible to far-IR sensing tasks aboard NASA Feb. 1986 178 p refs RPV platforms. Attention is given to a number of payload (Contract NAS8-34749) configurations which, while conceived to meet a military requirement (NASA-CR-3960; NAS 1.263960) Avail: NTlS HC AO9/MF A01 for the detection and recognition of a military vehicle, are not CSCL 048 restricted to military applications. Civilian applications include The first experiment to combine airborne Doppler Lidar and thermal emission surveys for local governments and industrial ground-based dual Doppler Radar measurements of wind to detail concerns, traffic flow pattern surveillance, and pipeline and the lower tropospheric flows in quiescent and stormy weather was transmission line surveys. O.C. conducted in central Oklahoma during four days in June-July 1981.

56 08 INSTRUMENTATION AND SENSORS

Data from these unique remote sensing instruments, coupled with be flown with its longitudinal symmetry axis in nadir direction data from conventional in-situ facilities, i.e., 500-m meteorological (configuration 1) and with its longitudinal symmetry axis in direction tower, rawinsonde, and surface based sensors, were analyzed to of the velocity vector (configuration 2). Configuration 2 has a longer enhance understanding of wind, waves and turbulence. The feeding system, lower overall noise due to lower feed system purposes of the study were to: (1) compare winds mapped by sidelobes, and better scanning possibilities. The main scientific ground-based dual Doppler radars, airborne Doppler lidar, and objective of this experiment is the analysis of the capabilities of a anemometers on a tower; (2) compare measured atmospheric 90 GHz satellite radiometer to determine the fluid water content boundary layer flow with flows predicted by theoretical models; of clouds, to measure low rain rates, to map the cloud cover and , (3) investigate the kinematic structure of air mass boundaries that extended targets (diameter 1 km) and to map snow cover. , precede the development of severe storms; and (4) study the Instrument design, radiometer calibration, data processing, ground I kinematic structure of thunderstorm phenomena (downdrafts, gust support, and development schedule are considered. 1 fronts, etc.) that produce wind shear and turbulence hazardous to Author (ESA)

~ aircraft operations. The report consists of three parts: Part 1, Intercomparison of Wind Data from Airborne Lidar, Ground-Based N86-24003# Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm G.m.b.H.. Ottobrunn I Radars and Instrumented 444 m Tower; Part 2, The Structure of (West Germany). Systems Space Group. the Convective Atmospheric Boundary Layer as Revealed by Lidar MOMS01 (MODULAR OPTOELECTRONIC MULTISPECTRAL and Doppler Radars; and Part 3, Doppler Lidar Observations in SCANNER) FOR EARTH OBSERVATION FIRST RESULTS OF Thunderstorm Environments. Author STS7 MISSION D. MEISSNER, H. LAUCHT, J. BODECHTEL, and R. HAYDN 1985 15 p refs Presented at 1983 Joint InternationalGeoscience Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 83) and National Radio SITE SELECTION AND DIRECTIONAL MODELS OF DESERTS Science-Commission F Meeting, FA-4, San Francisco, Calif., 31 USED FOR ERBE VALIDATION TARGETS Aug. - 2 Sep. 1983 Previously announced in IAA as A8535050 W. F. STAYLOR Apr. 1986 15 p refs Original contains color illustrations (NASA-TP-2540; L-16041; NAS 1.60:2540) Avail: NTlS HC Avail: NTlS HC A02/MF A01 AO2/MF A01 CSCL 048 The MOMS design is outlined and results from STS-7 are Broadband shortwave and longwave radiance measurements described. The mission included mapping of different ground targets obtained from the Nimbus 7 Earth Radiation Budget scanner were with low to high contrast and albedo in visible and near infrared , used to develop reflectance and emittance models for the Sahara, part of the spectrum over arid areas, areas with dense and sparse Gibson, and Saudi Deserts. These deserts will serve as in-flight natural vegetation, coastal zones, mountainous regions and open ' validation targets for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment being ocean islands. System verification was achieved under space I flown on the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite and two National conditions for a 2-channel version to demonstrate the capability Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration polar satellites. The for scan line extension and the ability to combine pixel-coincident directional reflectance model derived for the deserts was a function modules. Author (ESA) of the sum and product of the cosines of the solar and viewing 1 zenith angles, and thus reciprocity existed between these zenith N86-24128'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. angles. The emittance model was related by a power law of the Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. cosine of the viewing zenith angle. Author GUS EXPERIMENTS ON THE IMPACT OF FGGE SATELLITE DATA ON NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION N86-23992 Deutsche Geodaetische Kommission, Munich (West E. KALNAY, R. ATLAS, W. E. BAKER, and J. SUSSKIND ln Germany). NAS-NRC Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the RECTIFICATION OF SCANNER IMAGES USING PREDICTION Global Weather Experiment, Vol. 2, Pt. 1 p 121-145 Oct. 1985 APPROACHES Ph.D. Thesis - Bonn Unlv. [ENTZERRUNG VON refs SCANNERBILDERN MI1 PRAEDIKTIONSANSAETZEN] Avail: NTlS HC A17/MF A01 CSCL 048 A. ROSE Bayerischen Akademie der Wiessenschaften 1984 Simulation studies and pre-FGGE data impact studies were 85 p refs In GERMAN briefly reviewed. Impact of Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheric (SER-C-303; ISBN-3-7696-9353-1; ISSN-0065-5325) Avail: Science temperature soundings and cloud tracked winds was also Issuing Activity examined. B.G. The rectification of airborne scanner data was investigated. The concept on which the covariance estimation is based, and N86-24160'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. the resulting prediction formulas are explained; the common ground Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. and differences with the Ebner method are discussed. The SIMULATION STUDIES RELATED TO THE DESIGN OF developed method was tested on airborne scanner images. The POST-FGGE OBSERVING SYSTEMS Final Report prediction of the image rectification results from the prediction of M. HALEM, R. ATLAS, aQd J. SUSSKIND In NAS-NRC orientation parameters; the model combines interpolation and Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the Global Weather parametric methods. A modular programming system was Experiment, Vol. 2, Pt. 2 p 727-760 Oct. 1985 refs developed to conduct the rectification work; the programming Avail: NTlS HC A18/MF A01 CSCL 048 package consists of a prediction and an image processing part. The results of three detailed simulation studies are presented. The test results satisfy expectations; a substantial increase in The first study consists of a comparative assessment of the accuracy is obtained. The improvements depend on the number performance of an advanced moisture/temperature sounder and the quality of the control points. Author (ESA) (AMTS) being proposed by NASA as a follow-on replacement to the current HIRS-2 operational sounder aboard the NOAA weather N86-24000# Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt fuer satellites. The second study was concerned with assessing the relative accuracies of inferred atmospheric states for idealized lidar wind profiling systems, temperature profiling systems, temperature profiling systems, surface pressure systems, and composite systems. The third study incorporated the above systems into a highly realistic data analysis/forecast cycle from which a series of forecast impact studies were conducted. These studies, taken together, give us a picture of the potential that emerging technoloies can offer in the determination of the basic atmospheric variables required for long-range numerical weather and climate prediction. Author

57 08 INSTRUMENTATION AND SENSORS

N86-25084# Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Calif. 09 SATELLITE CLOUD AND PRECIPITATION ANALYSIS USING A MINICOMPUTER Technical Report, Oct. 1983 - Oct. 1985 GENERAL C. H. WASH, L. A. SPRAY, and L. C. CHOU Nov. 1985 94 p refs (AD-A163821; NPS63-85-003) Avail: NTlS HC A05/MF A01 Includes economic analysis. CSCL 048 A satellite-derived cloud and precipitation analysis program has been developed for an interactive mini-computer system. The A86-34111# program utilizes geostationary infrared and visual data with A MULTI-NATIONAL CONSORTIUM OPPORTUNITY FOR operational upper air and surface temperature analyses to specify REMOTE SENSING cloud-type, cloud amount, cloud-top temperature, cloud-top height P. M. MAUGHAN (Space Development Services, Washington, and estimated precipitation intensity. Five cases of GOES-East DC) IN: US. Opportunities in Space Conference; Proceedings of data (2 x 2 n mi visual and 2 x 4 n mi infrared) for an approximately the Second Annual Space Business Conference, Washington, DC, 1600 x 1600 n mi area over the eastern United States and western October 30-November 1, 1985 . London, Space Consultants North Atlantic Ocean are used in evaluating the model's International, Ltd., 1985, 10 p. performance. Each satellite-derived. cloud and precipitation analysis The development of a multinational consortium for remote is evaluated subjectively, using conventional synoptic data, radar sensing is proposed. Problems that could result, such as data measurements and manual nephanalysis for verification, and censorship, as multiple sensing systems compete for commercial objectively, using surface synoptic observations for verification. success are examined. The advantages a consortium would provide Successful estimates of cloud amount for overcast and clear skies to remote sensing data users are discussed. The consortium is to were obtained; however, broken and scattered conditions were be composed of public or private space-related organizations and underestimated. The majority of stratiform cloud types and to construct, launch, and operate satellite systems. The control multi-layered clouds were analyzed correctly by the model. each member country would have over the operation of the Classificationerrors occurred with cumuliform clouds and thin cirrus. consortium and the access to data is described. I.F. Reasonable precipitation intensity and cloud-top temperaturelheight analyses were produced by the NPS model. A86-34118# GRA 'NEW OPPORTUNITIES IN REMOTE SENSING L. P. MITCHELL (Eastman Kodak Go., Rochester, NY) IN: U.S. Opportunities in Space Conference; Proceedings of the Second Annual Space Business Conference, Washington, DC, October 30-November 1, 1985 . London, Space Consultants International, Ltd., 1985, 11 p. Technical and business activities in remote sensing are described. The need for improvements in satellite sensors and N86-25925# Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Calif. computer hardware necessary for the acquisition of higher spatial STUDIES OF COMPLEX TERRAIN WIND FLOWS USING and spectral resolution data, the storage of more information, and ACOUSTIC SOUNDER AND OPTICAL CROSSWIND REMOTE faster retrieval of the data is examined. The development of SENSORS software, algorithms, and techniques which will improve the W. M. PORCH, W. NEFF, and C. KING Aug. 1985 26 p refs processing and enhance the data is studied. The teaching and (Contract W-7405-ENG-48) training of customers on the applications of the remote sensing (DE86-002993; UCID-20519; ASCOT-85-2) Avail: NTlS HC data and the proper marketing of the information are discussed. A03/MF A01 I.F. Remote sensing instrumentation has played an important role in the Atmospheric Studies in Complex Terrain (ASCOT) field A86-37002 experimental program. The goal of this program is to better THE EVOLUTION OF REMOTE SENSING SCIENCE AND understand transport and diffusion processes in complex terrain APPLICATIONS with an emphasis focused on nighttime drainage wind conditions. J. H. MCELROY (NOAA. National Environmental Satellite, Data, Two aspects of the instrumentation are discussed: acoustic and Information Service, Washington, DC) IN: Machine processing sounders (doppler and monostatic) and space averaging optical of remotely sensed data - Quantifying global process: Models, crosswind sensors. Data from these two sources are discussed sensor systems, and analytical methods; Proceedings of the and compared with data from conventional tower and tethersonde Eleventh International Symposium, West Lafayette, IN, June 25-27, instrumentation. DOE 1985 . New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1985, p. 4-1 1. refs The development of space observation systems and their applications are examined. The satellite systems that provide meteorological, oceanographic, land-science, and atmospheric data are described. The use of NASA's Polar Platform for observational missions is proposed. The need for data systems which process N86-27705"# Arizona Univ., Tucson. Optical Sciences Center. and distribute data quickly and accurately is discussed. I.F. SPECTRORADIOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR ADVANCED LAND OBSERVING SYSTEMS Final Report N86-25076# National Academy of Sciences - National Research P. N. SLATER Jul. 1986 101 p Council, Washington, D. C. (Contract NAGS-196) EARTH SCIENCE INVESTIGATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES (NASA-CR-177205; NAS 1.26:177205) Avail: NTlS HC AO6/MF ANTARCTIC RESEARCH PROGRAM (USARP) FOR THE PERIOD A01 CSCLO8B JULY 1, 1984 - JUNE 30, 1985 Research aimed at improving the inflight absolute radiometric 1985 87 p Sponsored in part by the National Science Foundation, calibration of advanced land observing systems was initiated. Washington, D.C. Emphasis was on the satellite sensor calibration program at White (Contract NSF DPP-82-07098) Sands. Topics addressed include: absolute radiometric calibration (PB86-143773) Avail: NTlS HC AOWMF A01 CSCL 08G of advanced remote sensing; atmospheric effects on reflected A listing of earth science research activities was conducted as radiation; inflight radiometric calibration; field radiometric methods part of the US. Antarctic Research Program for the year July 1, for reflectance and atmospheric measurement; and calibration of 1984, through June 30, 1985. Publications resulting from the field relectance radiometers. B.G. research are also listed. Information was obtained by a survey of

58 09 GENERAL participants in the US. Antarctic Program, with respondents from the winning proposal submitted by Ford Aerospace and providing the data on their work in camera-ready format. GRA Communications Corporation and is a glimpse at what the future has in store for GOES. Author (GRA) N86-26355'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. N86-27412# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, ENVIROSAT-2000 REPORT FEDERAL AGENCY SATELLITE Washington, D. C. Natl. Environ. Satellite Data and Inform. REQUIREMENTS Service. D. COlTER, ed., I. WOLZER, ed., N. BLAKE, J. JARMAN, D. OPERATIONAL SATELLITE SUPPORT TO SCIENTIFIC LICHY, T. PANGBURN, R. MCARDLE, C. PAUL, L. SHAFFER, G. PROGRAMS Final Report THORLEY et al. NOAA Jul. 1985 156 p refs H. W. YATES, D. J. COTTER, and G. OHRING Mar. 1985 57 (NASA-TM-88752; NAS 1.15:88752) Avail: NTlS HC A08/MF P A01 CSCL22B (AD-A165081) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 22B The requirement of Federal agencies, other than NOAA, for The role of operational environmental satellites in science the data and services of civil operational environmental satellites programs undertaken to study the Earth system is examined. It (both polar orbiting and geostationary) are summarized. Agency centers on the satellite systems operated by the National Oceanic plans for taking advantage of proposed future Earth sensing space and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Other satellite systems systems, domestic and foreign, are cited also. Current data uses are referenced as appropriate. NOAA's operational satellites are and future requirements are addressed as identified by each sewing the research community extensively. Research programs agency. B.G. such as climate studies, ocean dynamics investigations, and global vegetation surveys benefit from the special characteristics of N86-27410# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, operational satellites. Among these characteristics are routine Washington, D. C. Natl. Environ. Satellite Data and Inform. global coverage in many spectral intervals; reliability, resulting from Service. a commitment to continue the service; speed in data access FEDERAL AGENCY SATELLITE REQUIREMENTS Final Report because of real-time applications; repeatability of measurements D. COTTER and 1. WOLZER Jul. 1985 160 p because of matched, calibrated instruments; and data handling (AD-A165071) Avail: NTlS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 048 methods that provide output products in conventional, usable This report summarizes the requirements of Federal agencies formats and with traceable histories. Author (GRA) for the data and services of NOAA's civil operational environmental satellites--both polar-orbiting and geostationary. The Federal N86-27413# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, agencies contributing to this document have described their current Washington, D. C. and planned use of the data and services provided by NOAA's COMPARISON OF THE DEFENSE METEOROLOGICAL environmental satellite and Landsat systems, as well as those SATELLITE PROGRAM (DMSP) AND THE NOAA provided by the systems of others. Agency plans for taking POLAR-ORBITING OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL advantage of proposed future Earth-sensing space systems, SATELLITE (POES) PROGRAM domestic and foreign, are cited also. The report emphasizes D. COTTER, A. RAMSEY, E. HEACOCK, J. BAILEY, and Q. requirements for direct and indirect support from NOAA's WILKES Oct. 1985 416 p environmental satellite systems. In the direct case, the agencies (AD-A165118) Avail: NTlS HC A18/MF A01 CSCL 228 process, interpret, or use NOAA's satellite data, products, or This report offers technical comparison of the two United States services as inputs to in-house activities. In the indirect case, NOAA operational space programs that are based on the capabilities of provides the agencies with support products, such as weather polar-orbiting environmental satellites. The US. Air Force manages forecasts, that depend on satellite operations to various degrees. and conducts the operations of the Defense MeteorologicalSatellite This report focuses on the direct requirements served by the Program (DMSP); the National Oceanic and Atmospheric National Environmental Satellite Data, and Information Service Administration has the same responsibilities with respect to the (NESDIS). Described here are the satellite needs of the Department NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) of Agriculture, the Army Corps of Engineers, the Department of program. The report examines the major missions and goals of Transportation (which includes the Federal Aviation Administration the two programs, the management and operational procedures and the Coast Guard), the Agency for International Development, that they follow, and the support they extend to each other and the Department of Defense, the Department of the Interior, and to other Federal agencies. Detailed discussions are provided about the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Current data the specifications and performance characteristics of the uses and future requirements are addressed. GRA spacecraft, sensors, onboard systems, command and control systems, and communications systems employed by the two N86-27411# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, programs. An extensive relative analysis of the operation and uses Washington, D. C. Natl. Environ. Satellite Data and Inform. of the DMSP and POES imaging and atmospheric sounding Service. instruments is provided. Other sensors and systems are discussed, GOES (GEOSTATIONARY OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL as is the joint agreement between DOD and NOAA for sharing SATELLITEFNEXT OVERVIEW Final Report their satellite data and data processing load. Nonmeteorological A. SCHWALB, D. COTTER, and J. HUSSEY Sep. 1985 76 p users of DMSP and POES data are described. The organization (AD-A165080) Avail: NTlS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 228 and content of the satellite data archive are presented. Near-future This report describes, in summary form, the current National system improvements and longer-term mission requirements are Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Geostationary also discussed. Author (GRA) Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) system and the scientific rationale used to develop specifications for the next N86-28007# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, generation of satellites of this series. The payload instruments of Washington, D. C. the current satellites are reviewed in conjunction with the products OPTIMUM MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR THE NOAA prepared from their data outputs. The rationale used by the National (NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION) Weather Service (NWS) in developing top-level requirements for POLAR-ORBITING OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL GOES-Next stresses the projected use of data within the SATELLITES, 1985-2000. VOLUME 1 Final Report restructured NWS organization expected in the 1990's. W. H. ESKITE and W. P. BISHOP Apr. 1985 70 p NOAA-certifiedrequirements used by the National Aeronautics and (AD-A165143) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 05A Space Administration (NASA) to develop the Request for Proposal, The experience of the past 15 years was used as a basis to issued to industry in June 1984, are also provided. Finally, a brief establish the best management principles to apply to the POES description of the satellite system that will be built for launch in for the next 15 years. This was done for both a two-satellite the 1990's is provided. This final section has been abstracted configuration and a one-satellite configuration. The principles

59 09 GENERAL include always having a spare available, a 4-month call-up capability, taking advantage of satellites that live longer than their design life, and taking advantage of early indications of imminent failure. These principles must be applied in different ways to the two configurations. Applying these principles to several scenarios for the future leads to the conclusion that we should plan for 12 satellites for the next 15 years for either the one-satellite or the two-satellite system. Author (GRA)

N86-28016# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D. C. INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION OF AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE PROGRAMS Final Report P. UHLlR and L. SHAFFER Jun. 1985 65 p (AD-A165142) Avail: NTlS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 228 The paper begins with an overview of U.S. policy on remote sensing. Next, the extensive international cooperation in U.S. Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellites (POES) is described. This includes participation in the POES direct readout services program, and existing instrument contributions and commitments to the POES system. The opportunities and mechanisms for future contributions to POES, or to the polar platform component of the U.S. Space Station, are also examined. Geostationary environmental satellites are operated by the United States, the European Space Agency, Japan, and India. These systems are described, and the Coordination on Geostationary Meteorological Satellites is discussed. Other international organizations used for cooperation and coordination in remote-sensing activities are outlined. These include the World Meteorological Organization, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, the International Council of Scientific Unions, and the Committee on Earth Observations Satellites. Contributions by the United States to planned foreign remote-sensing programs are addressed as well. Finally, the report identifies and discusses three trends in remote sensing, and makes some concluding observations about the future of international remote-sensing ac tivities. Appendix A lists the dates of all relevant documents, such as Memoranda of Understanding, Terms of Reference for international committees, and Minutes of Meetings. GRA

60 SUBJECT INDEX

EARTH RESOURCES I A Continuing Bibliography (Issue 51) OCTOBER 1986

Typical Subject Index Listing

Studies of complex terrain wind flows using acoustic AGRISTARS PROJECT sounder and optical cross-wind remote sensors Overview of the AgRlSTARS research program. I --- [DE86002993] p58 N86-25925 AGgriculture and Resources Inventory surveys Through AERIAL PHOTOaRAPHV Aerospace Remote Sensing p2 A8633503 Assessing impacts of off-nadir observation on remote Passive microwave soil moisture research sensing of vegetation - Use of the %is model D2 A8633504 p 1 A8630193 Remote sensing techniques for the detection of soil Image segmentation algorithms p 45 A8632370 erosion and the identification of soil conservation Determinationof sea spectral reflectance from airborne practices p3 A8633506 IAlAA PAPER 85-20971 p 48 A8612933 measurements p26 A86-32683 Overview and highlights of Early Warning and Crop One step above ground truth ~ Airphoto keys for Condition Assessment project p5 A8633576 1 T-r largescale vegetation analysls p3 A8633538 The applicability of LOWTRAN 5 computer code to aerial Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs from remotely sensed information p 6 A86-33579 thermographic data correction p48 A86-34739 I rr' Practical photogrammetry from 35-mm aerial AGROMETEOROLOGY photography p55 A8636080 Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs from remotely sensed information p 6 A86-33579 TITLE NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER Methods of combined air and space remotesensing +-l+~+~+l studies of Sibecia p22 A86-36501 Spectral components analysis - A bridge between Combined structural and geomorphological methods for spectral Observations and agrometeorological crop the processing of aerial and space photographic models p7 A8633627 remote-sensing data with the aim of solving geological AIR SEA ICE INTERACTIONS The subject heading is a key to the subject content problems p22 A8636503 Reduction of weather effects in the calculation of sea of the document. The title is used to provide a Statistical apxoach to the clasification of objects on ice concentration from microwave radiances description of the subject matter. When the title is air and space remote-sensing images p26 A86-33104 p 48 A8636515 insufficiently descriptive of the document content. AIR WATER INTERACTIONS Small format. oblique, colour aerial photography . An Lidar observations of the planetary boundary layer .the title extension is added, separated from the title aid to the location of methane seepage p 29 A86-33532 by three hyphens. The (NASA or AIM) accession p 11 A86-36783 Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based number and the page number are included in each Estimation of atmospheric corrections from multiple on shipboard and satellite-tracked buoy data in Bransfield aircrafl imagery p 49 A8636784 entry to assist the user in locating the abstract in Strait, 9-14 March, 1985, part 3 Assessment and trends of Florida's marine fisheries [ INPE-3795-PRE1890] p36 N86-24168 the abstract section. If applicable. a report number habitat An integration of aerial photography and Thematic Contributions to the oceanography of the western is also included as an aid in identifying the Mapper imagery p 34 A8637013 Alboran Sea document. Under any one subject heading, the Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condhn [ ADA1 620191 p37 N86-24173 accession numbers are arranged in sequence with and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A8637036 Sea ice dynamics and regional meteorologyfor the Arctic polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 the AIMaccession numbers appearing first. Application of spacabcfne and airborne techniques in mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastem Desert, [PB86-148038] p 38 N86-25939 Egypt p 23 A86-37865 An investigation of the marine boundary layer during Predicting tree groundline diameter from crown cold air outbreak measurements made on 35-mm aerial photography [ NASA-CR-1772871 p39 N86-26758 p 13 A86-39006 A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of A Ocean wave slope statistics from automated analysis momentum. heat. and moisture of the clwd-topped marine of sun glitter photographs atmospheric boundaq layer from satellite meawaMe [AD-A161995] p37 N86-24172 parameters ACCURACY [NASA-CR-177290] p41 N86-27853 Site selection and directional models of deserts used Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data and aerial photographs AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT for ERBE validation targets Measurement of sea ice backscatter characteristics at [INPE-3824-PRE/W] p 15 N86-26667 [NASA-TP-2540] p57 N86-23160 36 GHz using the surface contour radar High frequency sampling the 1984 spring bloom within Navstar GPS (Global Positioning System) accuracy while of p29 A8633562 surveying arrays of deep ocean transponders the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard. aircraft, and An airborne multiple-beam 1.4 GHz pushbroom in situ perspecties of the SEEP4 experiment [ AD-A1633641 p 38 N86-26313 microwave radiometer p6 A86-33583 [NASA-TM-88765] p41 N86-27700 ACID RAIN Microwave backscatter and emission observed from AERIAL RECONNAISSANCE Field and airborne spectral characterizationof suspected Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters damage red (picea rubens) from Vermont radiometer p53 A8633584 in spruce [ADA1646791 p39 N86-26716 p 11 A8637008 Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer AEROMAGNETISM (ESTAR) system design, calibration, and sensitivity ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES Direction dependent interpolation of aeromagnetic p 53 A86-33588 Navstar GPS (Global Positioning System) accuracy while data p 23 A8637009 Hibh resolution millimeter-wave imaging sensor surveying arrays of deep ocean transponders AEROSOLS p54 A86-33590 [AD-A163364] p38 N86-26313 Investigation of the content of trace elements in sea Spectral measurements in support of SIR-B using the A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to aerosols and the surface microlayer off sea water Surface Contour Radar --- for South Pacific arctic ambient noise. Part 3, Section 1: Ambient noise. p32 A8634754 p30 A86-33809 Section 2: Ambient noise Transport processes as manifested in satellie and lidar The emergence of airborne Meo techniques as an [ADA1653041 p39 N8626788 aerosol measurements p 17 N86-27788 alternative for accessing tropical environments - A A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to AEROSPACE SYSTEMS histciical perspeclive p56 A8637007 arctic ambient noise. Part 3, section 3: Ambient noise Agricultural and scientific space platforms ___ Russian Semi-operationalidentification of agricultural crops from [ADA1653051 p40 N86-26789 book p 1 A86-29843 airborne SUR-data p 12 A8637025 Applications of sensor payloads p 56 A8637343 ACOUSTIC VELOCITY AGREEMENTS Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and Marginal ice zone experiment - 1984, physical Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite tall tower measurements of atmosphericflows in quiescent oceanography report: USNS Lynch and helicopter-based Program (DMSP) and the NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational and stormy weather STD data Environmental Satellite (POES) program [NASA-CR-3960] p 56 N86-23159 [AD-A165t18] p 59 N8627413 [AD-A1630961 p37 N86-24180 Rectification of scanner images using prediction Physical oceanography report: Camp-based and AGRICULTURE approaches __.airborne scanners heliter-based STD data from the drifting ice station Agricultural and scientific space platforms --- Russian [SER-C-303] p57 N86-23992 FRAM 3 book p 1 A86-29843 Archimedes project remote sensing of oil spills North [ADA1630971 p37 N86-24181 Use of multitemporal spectral profiles in agricultural Sea experiment, October 1983. Report on DFVLR ACOUSTICS land-cover classification p 10 A8636084 (Side-LookingAirborne Radar (SLAR) contribution PmWdingS of the Arctic Oceanography Conference Agricultural applications for thermal infrared [DFVLR-FB-85-54] p 35 N86-24002 and Workshop he!d at the Naval Ocean Research and multispectral scanner data p 12 A8637034 AIRBORNE SURVEILLANCE RADAR Development Activity. NSTL. MS. on June 11-14, 1985 Federal agency satellite requirements The design. construction and early trials of a nwel [ADA1625781 p34 N86-23203 [ADA1650711 p59 N8627410 airborne surveillance radar p25 A8632635 ALASKA SUBJECT INDEX

ALASKA ARCTIC OCEAN A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference momentum, heat, and moisture of the cloud-topped marine [ NASA-CR-1773101 p39 N86-26783 and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable ALGAE Development Activity. NSTL. MS. on June 11-14. 1985 parameters A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within [AD-A162578] p34 N86-23203 [NASA-CR-177290] p 41 N86-27853 the mid-Atlantic bight Marginal ice zone experiment - 1984. physical ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION [NASA-CR-I77265) p39 N86-26670 oceanography report: USNS Lynch and helicopter-based Estimation of monthly rainfall from satellite-observed Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the STD data cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific mid-Atlantic Biiht during Me 1979 spring bloom [ AD-A1630961 p37 N86-24180 p43 A8636234 [NASA-TM-88782] p 41 N86-27699 Physical oceanography report: Camp-based and Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the High frequency sampling of the 1984 Spring bloom within helicopter-based STD data from the drifting ice station Global Weather Experiment Current Achievements and the mid-Atlantic Bight Synoptic shipboard, aircrait, and FRAM 3 Future Directions, volume 2, part 2 in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment [ AD-A163097) p 37 N86-24181 [NASA-CR-176722] p 36 N86-24142 [NASA-TM-88765] p 41 N86-27700 Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, collection of ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION ALGORITHMS articles, vol. 57, 1981 SAGE ObSeNatiOnS of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide Image segmentation algorithms p 45 A8632370 [PB86-106994] p37 N86-24182 p55 A8636838 ALTIMETERS Satellitbderived moisture profiles Sea level time series in the equatorial Pacific from A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters [ ADA1646791 p39 NE626716 [NOA&NESDIS24] p 44 N86-27703 satellite altimetry p34 A86-38648 ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION The study of gravity field estimation procedures ARCTIC REGIONS Reduction of weather effects in the calculation of sea [AD-A164564] p 19 N86-26745 Photogrammetry and remote sensing in periglacial ice concentration from microwave radiances AMBIENCE WmorPhologY p20 A86-33517 p26 A86-33104 A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference Applicability of atmospheric correction algorithm for arctic ambient noise. Part 3. Section 1: Ambient noise. and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and CZCS data to Japanese coastal area --.Coastal Zone Section 2: Ambient noise Development Activity, NSTL. MS. on June 11-14, 1985 Color Scanner p 31 A8633632 [ AD-A1653041 p 39 N86-26788 [ADA1625781 p 34 N86-23203 The estimation of atmospheric effects for SPOT using A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, Collection of arctic ambient noise. Part 3. section 3 Ambient noise Articles. Volume 56. 1981 AVHRREstimation channel-1 of atmospheric data wectiinsp 47 from A8634738 multile [AD-A1 653051 p 40 N86-26789 [ PB86-1o7109] p35 N86-23209 aircraft imagery p49 A86-36784 AMPLITUDES Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, collection of ATMOSPHERIC DIFFUSION Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian articles. vol. 57, 1981 Transport processes as manifested in satellite and lidar Oceans [P886-106994] p 37 N86-24182 aerosol measurements p 17 N86-27788 [NASA-TM-87773] p 39 N86-26782 Sea ice dynamics and regional meteorologyforthe Arctic ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS ANDES MOUNTAINS (SOUTH AMERICA) polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 Reduction of weather effects in the calculation of sea Thematic mapper studies of Andean volcanws [PB86-148038] p 38 N86-25939 ice concentration from microwave radiances [ NASA-CR-176607] p 24 N86-25866 A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to p 26 A8643104 ANNUAL VARIATIONS arctic ambient noise. Part 3. Section 1: Ambient noise. Directional reflectance response in AVHRR red and lntraseasonal variations of OLR in the tropics during Section Ambient noise near-IR bands for three cover types and varying the FGGE year --- outgoing long wave radiation 2 [ADA1653041 p39 N86-26788 atmospheric conditions p 13 A8639146 p 48 A8636227 The effect of the atmosphere on the satellite remote A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to Relationships between surface observations over the sensing of earth resources --- Russian book arcti ambient noise. Part 3, section 3 Ambient noise global oceans and the southern oscillation p56 A8639969 [ AD-A1653051 p 40 N86-26789 [PB86-1 100381 p35 N86-24112 Spectroradiometric considerations for advanced land Monthly maps of sea level anomalies in the Pacific, 1975 ARID LANDS observing systems Reflectance modelling and the derivation of vegetation 1981. Report on the IGOSS (Integrated Global Ocean [NASA-CR-177205] p 58 N86-27705 Services System) Sea Level Pilot Project indices for an Australian semi-arid shrubland ATMOSPHERIC HEAT BUDGET [AD-A163061] p 38 N86-25104 p7 A86-34740 Heat budget and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment, arctic ambient noise. Part 3, Section 1: Ambient noise. surfaces: The Desert Winds Project 1979 Section 2 Ambient noise [Tl86-~108] p24 N86-25099 [PB86-f 116221 p35 N86-23213 [ AD-A165304 I p 39 N86-26788 ARRAYS ATMOSPHERIC MODELS ANOMALIES Navstar GPS (Global Positioning System) accuracy while Evapotranspiration over an agricultural region using a Relationships between surface ObSeNatiOnS over the SUNeYing arrays of deep ocean transponders surface flux/temperature model based on NOAA-AVHRR global Oceans and the southern oscillation [AD-A1633641 p 38 N86-26313 data p 10 A8636237 [PB86-1100381 p 35 N86-24112 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospheric Monthly maps of sea level anomalies in the Pacific, 1975 Approaches to computer reasoning in remote sensing turbulence and sea roughness with referenceto the study 1981. Report on the IGOSS (Integrated Global Ocean and geographic information processing - A survey of complex systems --_ for flight control Services System) Sea Level Pilot Project p 16 A8633595 p33 AB6-36480 [ADA1630611 p 38 N86-25104 ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the ANTARCTIC REGIONS Operational satellite support to scientific programs Global Weather Experiment: Current Achievements and Observations of the polar regions from satellites using [AD-A165081] p 59 N86-27412 Future Directions. volume 1 active and passive microwave techniques ASIA [NASA-CR-l76720] p36 N86-24120 p 28 A8633489 Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, 5th, Kathmandu, An investigation of the marine boundary layer during USSR report: Earth sciences Nepal. November 15-18. 1984, Proceedings cold air outbreak [JPRS-UES-86-004] p 34 N86-23017 p 55 A8645425 [NASA-CR-177249] p41 N86-27838 Ice shelves of Antarctica ATLANTIC OCEAN A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of [ PB86-106986 I p35 N86-23208 Some features of small-scale ocean eddies according momentum, heat, and moisture of the cloud-topped marine Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, Collection of to an analysis of satellite images p 25 Am32677 atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measuraMe Atikles. Volume 56,1981 Heat budget and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic parameters [PBE6107109] p35 NE623209 Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment, [NASA-CR-177290] p 41 NE627853 Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic 1979 ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE drifting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 [PEE61 116221 p 35 N86-23213 Remote sensing of vertical moisture profiles and cloud [ INPE-3793-PRE18881 p 36 N86-24166 A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within properties from simulated millimeter wave sounder and Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based the mid-Atlantic bight microwave imager data p 53 A8633547 on shipboard and satellite-trackedbuoy data in Bransfield [NASA-CR-177265] p39 NE626670 ATMOSPHERIC OPTICS Strait, 9-14 March, 1985. part 3 High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within Satellie remote sensing of atmospheric optical depth [INPE-3795-PRE/890] p36 NE624168 the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard. aircraft, and spectrum p55 A86-36785 Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, collection of in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS articles. vol. 57, 1981 [NASA-TM-88765] p41 NE627700 USSR repoct: Earth sciences [PB86-106994] p37 N86-24182 ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION [ JPRSUES86-004] p 34 NE623017 Earth science investigations in the United States The effect of the atmosphere on the satellite remote ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE Antarctic Research Program (USARP) for the period July sensing of earth resources .._Russian book Remote sensing of atmospheric pressure and sea state 1, 1984 -June 30, 1985 p 56 A8639969 using laser altimeters p28 A8633529 ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION [PB86-1437731 p 58 N86-25076 ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAVER Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Note, no. APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS (NORTH AMERICA) Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and 13. tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent 1986 Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians ~ and stormy weather [ ISSN-0388-96531 p40 N86-27694 Some new methods and techniques for paleostress [NASA-CR-3960] p56 N86-23159 On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget analysis p 20 A86-33518 An investigation of the marine boundary layer during p40 N86-27695 AQUIFERS cold air outbreak ATMOSPHERIC SCAlTERlNG stable-isotope studies Of groundwaters in mtheastem [NASA-CR-177287] p39 N86-26758 Estimation of atmospheric corrections from multiple New Mexico A rnCdel fn the estimation of the surface fluxes of aircraft imagery p49 A8636784 [DE86-002590] p 43 N86-23027 momentum, heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING ARCHITECTURE (COMPUTERS) atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable Satellite-borne 90 GHz radiometer experiment Image processing system interfaces parameters (SABREX), phase A1 P 44 A86-32333 [NASA-CR-177283] p41 N86-27837 [DFVLR-MIlT-85-13] p 57 N86-24000 A-2 SUBJECT INDEX CLASSIFICATIONS

ATMOSPHERICTEMPERATURE Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea CALIFORNIA An algorithm for the identification of cloud cover and [NASA-CR-1773101 p 39 N86-26783 Plate motions and deformations from geologic and the estimation of spectral brightnesses of the cloudless BIAS geodetic data atmosphere according to satellite scanning measurements Navstar GPS (Global PositioningSystem) accuracywhile [NASA-CR-177299] p 16 N86-26741 of outgoing IR radiation p 52 A6633317 surveying arrays of deep Ocean transponders A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of Experiments on the remote temperature sounding of the [AD-A163364] p 38 N86-26313 momentum, heat, and moisture of the cloud-topped marine atmosphere on the basis of NOM-satellite radiometer BIBLIOGRAPHIES atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable measurements p52 A86-33316 Ice shelves of Antarctica parameters ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE [ PB86-1069861 p35 N86-23208 [NASA-CR-177290] p 41 N86-27853 Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospheric Earth science investigations in the United States CANOPIES (VEGETATION) turbulence and sea roughness with reference to the study Antarctic Research Program (USARP) for the period July Microwave remote sensing of agricultural crops in of complex systems --- fw flight control 1, 1964 - June 30, 1985 Canada p 1 A8630190 p33 A6646480 [PB66-143773] p 56 N66-25076 Diurnal patterns of bidirectional vegetation indices for BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AUSTRALIA wheat canopies PI A6630192 Modeling the controls of forest productivityusing canopy Relationships between surface observations over the Assessing impacts of off-nadir observation on remote variables p 11 A86-37016 global oceans and the southern oscillation sensing of vegetation - Use of the Suits model BIOMASS [PEE61 100381 p35 N86-24112 pl A86-30193 The influence of observational interdependence on Radar scatterometer probing of thick vegetation AUTOMATIC CONTROL Spectral reflectance relationships with plant and soil An atlas of original and mercator-transformed canopies p3 A8633523 variables p2 A8630196 A preliminary report on the measurements of forest satellitedata images of the Alboran Sea, August-October Estimation of the weight of vegetation using miaowave canopies with C-band radar scatterometer at 1983 transmission measurements p3 A66-33524 NASAINSTL p3 A8633525 [ AD-A161 8981 p 36 N86-24170 Detection of biomass by an empiric albedo and spectral A correlation and regression analysis of precent canopy AUTOMATION reflectance model in the Sahara Desert from closure vs. TMS spectral responsefor selected forest sites Automatic cloud classification p 46 A8633534 Landsat-imagery p 11 A86-37015 in the San Juan National Forest, Colorado Separation of soil-plant spectral mixtures by factor p3 A8633539 analysis p13 A8639147 Estimation of biophysical properties of forest canopies B Remote sensing investigations of wetland biomass and through inversion of microwave scatterometer data productivity for global biosystems research p4 A86-33542 BACKSCATTERING [NASA-CR-176725] p 14 N66-23994 Microwave emission from row crops p 9 A8635681 Lithdoglc signatures in multi-channel SAR imagery Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the Regression models for vegetation radar-backscattering p 45 A86-33522 mid-Atlantic Bight during the 1979 spring bloom and radiometric emission p 10 A86-36046 Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers [NASA-TM-88782] p41 N6627699 Effect of dew on canopy reflectanceand temperature p4 A6633554 BLACK SEA p 10 A86-36049 Backscatter measurements from simulated resonant Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the Modelingthe controls of forest productivity using canopy structures p4 A86-33555 western part of the Black Sea p 26 A8632679 variables p 11 A8637016 Measurement of sea ice backscatter characteristics at BLIGHT Sun angle, view angle, and background effects on 36 GHz using the surface contour radar Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condition spectral response of simulated balsam fir canopies p29 A8633562 and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A8647036 p 13 A86-39002 Microwave backscatter and emission observed from BOLIVIA Remote sensing investigations of wetland biomass and Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz Thematic mapper studies of Andean volcanoes productivity for global biosystems research radiometer p 53 A8633564 [NASA-CR-176807] p24 N86-25866 [NASA-CR-176725] p 14 NE623994 Millimeter-wave backscatter from snowcover BOUNDARYLAYERS DeDartment of GeoloovlNASA-GSFC-. oeobotanical p 42 A86-33615 Preliminary assessment of soil moisture over invesiigation Wind dependence of L-band radar backscatter vegetation [NASA-CR-177300] p 15 N86-27698 p33 A86-35660 [NASA-CR-177226] p 15 N86-27704 Preliminary assessment of soil moisture over Scattering from a random layer embedded with dielectric BRAZIL vegetation needles --_ for applications to coniferous vegetation Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data [NASA-CR-177226] p 15 NE627704 p 10 A86-36045 and aerial photographs CAPILLARY WAVES Regression models for vegetation radar-backscattering [INPE-3624-PRE/900] p 15 N66-26667 Studies related to ocean dynamics. Task 3.2 Aircraft and radiometric emission p 10 A6636046 BRIGHTNESS Field Test Program to invest!gate the ability of remote Identification of major backscattering sources in trees Salyut-6 obsefvatbn of colw and brightness contrasts sensing methods to measure currentlwind-wave and shrubs at 10 GHz p 13 AS39149 currelated with ocean-bottom relief p 26 A6642676 interactions Studies related to ocean dynamics. Task 3.2 Aircraft Determinationof sea spectral reflectance from airborne [ NASA-CR-1683491 p 38 N86-25100 Field Test Program to investigate the ability of remote measurements p 26 A86-32663 CARBON sensing methods to measure currentlwind-wave The tasseled cap - Size, shape and orientation changes HQh frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within interactions due to soil background --- in soil brightness-plant the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft. and [ NASA-CR-1683491 p36 N86-25100 greenness plane p 12 A6637035 in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment BANDWIDTH BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE [ NASA-TM-887651 p41 N86-27700 €OS radiometer concepts for soil moisture remote Multifrequency Observations of brightness temperature CARBON CYCLE sensing of artificial new and young sea ice p 28 A8633514 Satellitederivedleaf-area-index and vegetation maps as 1NASA-CR-1776541 p 14 N86-23995 BUOYS input to global carbon cycle models - A hietarchical BATHYTHERMOGRAPHS optimal disposition of satellitetrackeddrifting buoys in approach p 2 A86-30194 Hydrographic data hom the OPTOMA program, the South Atlantic p 31 A6644488 CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION OPTOMA17: OPTOMA17 P. 21 July 1985. OPTOMA17 Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic Environment and climate ... Russian book leg DI. 10-22August 1985.OPTOMA17 leg DII, 23 August drifting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 p 16 A86-38677 - 5 September 1985 [INPE-3793-PRE/868] p 36 N66-24166 CHANGE DETECTION [ AD-A1620671 p 37 N66-24176 Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based Multispectral change detection using difference BAYS (TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES) on shipboard and satellite-trackedbuoy data in Bransfild classification and bitemporal classification Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the Strait, 9-14 March, 1985. part 3 p49 A86-37004 mid-Atlantic Bight during the 1979 spring bloom [INPE-3795-PRE/890] p 36 N86-24168 CHESAPEAKE BAY (US) 1NASA-TM-887821 p41 N86-27699 A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters Environmental data SwrceS for the Chesapeake Bay High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within [APA164679] p39 N66-26716 Area the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft, and [PB86-110640] p 35 N86-23211 in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment CHLOROPHYLLS [NASA-TM-867651 p 41 N66-27700 C Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea BEAUFORT SEA (NORTH AMERICA) [ NASA-CR-1773101 p 39 N66-26783 Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference C BAND Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and A preliminary report on the measurements of forest mid-Atlantic Bight during the 1979 spring bloom Development Activity, NSTL, MS. on June 11-14. 1985 canopies with C-band radar scatterometer at [NASA-TM-88762] p 41 N86-27699 NASA/NSTL p3 A6633525 [ AD-A1625781 p 34 N86-23203 High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationshii to The SIR-C experiment - Measuring new variables from the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard. aircraft, and arctic ambient noise. Part 3, Section I: Ambient noise. space with SAR p 50 A6637026 in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment Section 2 Ambient noise CALDERAS [ NASA-TM-687651 p41 N86-27700 Use of Seasat SAR imagery for geological mapping in [AD-A165304] p 39 N86-26766 CIRRUS CLOUDS A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to a volcanic terrain - Askja Caldera, Iceland Satellite cloud and precipitation analysis using a arctic ambient noise. Part 3, section 3: Ambient noise p 19 A8630189 minicomputer [AD-A1653051 p 40 N86-26769 CALIBRATING [AD-A163621] p 58 N66-25084 BERING SEA Verification of L-band SAR calibration CITRUS TREES Aircraft and satellite passive microwave observations p 54 A6633634 Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condition of the Bering Sea ice cover during MIZEX West Strategies for the calibration and operational use of the and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A8637036 p32 A66-35683 ERS-1 SAR wave mode CLASSIFICATIONS Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference [JHU/APL/SDO-75651 p35 N86-23207 Techniques for multispectral image classification and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and Spectroradiometric considerations for advanced land p44 A8632337 Development Activity, NSTL. MS. on June 11-14,1985 Observing systems A histogram as the basis of the statistical classification [ADA1625781 p 34 N86-23203 [NASA-CR-1772051 p 58 N66-27705 of images p45 A8632688

A-3 CLASSIFIERS SUBJECT INDEX

Automatic cloud classification p 46 A8633534 Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Context classifier --- pixel classification theory and sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic Symposium (IGARSS '85). University of Massachusetts, algorithms p46 A86-33535 Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters Amherst. Octb7-9. 1985, West. Volumes 1 8 2 Classification of south Texas farm and range reswrces [ADA1655521 p38 NE626517 p 52 A86-33501 using NOAA7 AVHRR satellite imagery A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, 5th. Kathmandu, p5 A8633558 the mid-Atlantic bight Nepal, November 15-18, 1984. Proceedings A stepwise hierarchical multi-binary approach in TM [NASA-CR-177265] p 39 N86-26670 p 55 A8645425 landuse classification --- Thematic Mapping COASTALLONECOLORSCANNER Machine processing of remotely sensed data - p46 A8643597 Ocean color measurements p28 A8633488 Quantifying global process: Models. sensor systems, and A non-stationary contextual classifier with improved Applicability of atmospheric correction algorithm for analytical methods: Proceedings of the Eleventh accuracy --_ for multispectral data p 47 A8633621 CZCS data to Japanese coastal area --_ Coastal Zone International Symposium, Purdue University. West Extended testing of a general contextual classifier using Color Scanner p31 A8633632 Lafayene. IN, June 25-27, 1985 p 56 AM-37001 the massively parallel processot - Preliminary results and A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference test plans --- for thematic mapping p 54 A86-33623 the mid-Atlantic bight and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and Classification of Beophysical parameters using passive [NASA-CR-1772651 p39 N86-26670 Development Activity, NSTL, MS. on June 11-14, 1985 microwave satellite measurements p 47 A86-33626 COASTS [ADA1625781 p34 N86-23203 An improved hybrid classifier .--for remote sensing Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and CONIFERS p8 A8644744 sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic Forest signaturesin imagingand non-imagingmicrowave Use of multitemporal spectral profiles in agricultural Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters scaneromater data p9 A86-36037 landcover classification p 10 A86-36084 [ AD-A1655521 p 38 N86-26517 Scattering from a random layer embedded with dielectric Statistical approach to the classification of objects on A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of needles --- for applications to coniferous vegetation air and space remote-sensing images momentum. heat, and moisture of the cloud-topped marine p 10 A8636045 p 48 A86-36515 atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable Field and airborne spectral characterizationof suspected Multispectral change detection using difference parameters damage in red spruce (picea rubens) from Vermont classification and bitemporal classification [NASA-CR-177290] p41 N86-27853 p 11 A86-37008 p49 A8637004 CODES Sun angle, view angle, and background effects on Estimation of the location parameter of a multispectral The applicability of LOWTRAN 5 computer code to aerial spectral response of simulated balsam fir canopies distribution by a median operator p 49 A86-37006 thermographic data correction p48 A8634739 p 13 A8639002 A clustering algorithm for remote sensing multispectral COLD FRONTS CONTINENTAL SHELVES data p 51 A8647033 A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the mid-Atlantic Bight during the 1979 spring bloom CLASSIFIERS momentum, heat. and moisture of the cloud-topped marine [ NASA-TM-887821 p 41 N86-27699 Ducks Unlimited Joint Research Project atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within [NASA-TM-68755] p 14 N86-25032 parameters [NASA-CR-177290] p41 N86-27853 the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft, and CLIMATE in situ perspectives of the SEEP4 experiment Heat bdget and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic COLORPHOTOGRAPHY Small format. oblique. colour aerial photography An [NASA-TM-88765] p41 N86-27700 Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment. - aid to the location of methane seepage CONVECTION 1979 p tt A8636783 Characteristics of western region flash flood events in [PB86-111622] p 35 N86-232 13 COLORIMETRY GOES imagery and conventional data Operational satellite support to scientific programs Salyut-6 observation of color and brightness contrasts [NOAA-TM-NESDIS-13] p44 N86-26668 [AD-At65081I p 59 N86-27412 correlated with ocean-bonom relief p 26 A8632678 CONVECTION CURRENTS CLIMATOLOGY COMMAND AND CONTROL Lidar observations of the planetary boundary layer Environment and climate --.Russian book Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite p 29 A8643532 p 16 A8638677 Program (DMSP) and the NOAA Polar-orbitingOperational CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER Sea surface temperature from satellites: The impact Environmental Satellite (POES) program Transient response to localized episodic heating in the of FGGE p36 N86-24161 [AD-A165118] p59 N86-27413 tropics p51 N86-27749 CLOSURE LAW COMMUNICATION SATELLITES COOLING A correlation and regression analysis of precent canopy A technique for assessing the severity of terrain Satellite ObSeNatIOnS of sea surface cooling by closure vs. TMS spectral response for selected forest sites shadowing in mobile satellite service p 51 A86-39545 hurricanes p32 A8635545 in the San Juan National Forest, Colorado COMPARISON CORRELATION p3 A8643539 Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite A correlation and regression analysis of precent canopy CLOUD COVER Program (DMSP) and the NOAA Polar-obitingOperational closure vs. TMS spectral response for selected forest sites Remote sensing of clouds p 52 A8633533 Environmental Satellite (POES) program in the San Juan National Forest, Colorado p A8643539 Estimation of monthly rainfall from satelliteobserved [AD-A165118] p59 NE627413 3 cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific COMPUTER AIDED MAPPING CRACKING (FRACTURING) p43 A8636234 Computer-aidedinterpretation of space images with the A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to aim of structural analysis p20 A8632690 arctic ambient noise. Part 3, Section 1: Ambient noise. Satellite cloud and precipitation analysis using a Section 2: Ambient noise minicomputer Map digitization offers new possibilities [ AD-A165304 I p39 N86-26788 [AD-At63621I p 58 N86-25084 [NLR-MP-84061-U] p 51 N86-23028 COMPUTER PROGRAMS A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget Description of a databank of normalized radar cross arctic ambient noise. Part 3. section 3: Ambient noise p 40 N86-27695 section of terrain p 45 A8643526 [ AD-A1653051 p 40 N86-26789 CLOUD PHOTOGRAPHY Ocean wave slope statistics from automated analysis CROP IDENTIFICATION Remote sensing of clouds p 52 A8633533 of sun glitter photographs Nonparametric models and crop classification Satellitederived moisture profiles [ AD-A161 995) p 37 N86-24172 p6 A86-33622 [NOAA-NESDIS-241 p 44 N86-27703 COMPUTER TECHNIQUES Multi-crop area estimation and mapping on a CLOUD PHYSICS Approaches to computer reasoning in remote sensing micrcprocessor/mainframe network p 7 A86-33644 Satellie-bome 90 GHz radiometer experiment and geographic information processing - A SUN^ An information measure for class discrimination -- in (SABREX). phase A1 p 16 A86-33595 remote sensing of crop obsecvation p 11 A86-36789 [ DFVLR-MIlT-85-13] p57 N86-24000 The possibility of applying different types of Semioperationalidentification of agricultural crops from CLOUDS image-analysis software to environment-protection airborne SLAR-data p 12 A86-37025 A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of problems ..-in remote sensing p 16 A86-36513 Agricultural applications for thermal infrared momentum, heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine Certain transformations in a quantitative approach to multispectral scanner data p 12 A86-37034 atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable image processing --- computer techniques for satellite A multiindex multitemporal approach to map crops in parameters photography p 48 A86-36517 the early growing season: An application to two Italian [NASA-CR-177283] p41 NE627837 Computer processing of spectrally superposed data --- imigation districts: East Sesia and Grande Bonifiga CLOUDS (METEOROLOGY) subroutines for MSS remote sensing p 49 AM-36518 Fenarese --- flue gases Automatic cloud classification p 46 A8643534 Operational methods for data interpolation [ICW-1611] p 15 NE626674 CLUSTER ANALYSIS [DE854160501 p34 N86-15969 CROP INVENTORIES High accuracy clustering using residual image --- from Map digitization offers new possibilities Microwave remote sensing of agricultural crops in Landsat satellite p 49 A86-37003 [ NLR-MP-WOGl-U] p 51 N86-23028 Canada p 1 A8640190 The study of gravity field estimation procedures A clustering algorithm for remote sensing multispectral Diurnal patterns of bidirectional vegetation indices for [AD-At64564] p 19 NE626745 wheat canopies p 1 A86-30192 data p 51 A8637033 COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION Overview of the AgRlSTARS research program. I --. COASTAL CURRENTS Radar image simulation as a tool to analyze topographic AGgriculture and Resources Inventory Surveys Through Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea effects on geometry and radiometry of radar imagery Aerospace Remote Sensing p2 A8633503 [NASA-CR-177310] p 39 N86-26783 p50 A8637026 COASTAL PLAINS Simulation studies related to the design of post-FGGE Classification of south Texas farm and range resources using NOM7 AVHRR satellite imagery The study of the natural geographic differences in the observing systems p57 N86-24160 coastal areas of water covered parts of Marmara region Remote sensing and oceanographic equipment p5 A8633558 in Turkey with the help of Landsat-4 MSS data using an technology: Some present systems and future needs, Overview and highlights of Early Warning and Crop unsupervised classification algorithm with Euclidean revised Condition Assessment project p5 A8633576 distance p43 A8637012 [PB86-156502] p40 NE626791 Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs COASTAL WATER CONFERENCES from remotely sensed information p 6 A8643579 Satellite imaging of coastal flow circulation in relation Integrated global monitoring of the world ocean. USDAlSRS software for Landsat MSS-based to numerical modelling p 31 A86-33631 Volumes 1. 2. 8 3 --- Russian book p 24 A86-31350 cropacreage estimation p6 A86-33605

A-4 SUBJECT INDEX ECOSYSTEMS

Evaluation of crop acreage estimation methods using DEPTH EARTH ALBEDO Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 A8633606 Marginal ice zone experiment - 1984. physical On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data oceanography report: USNS Lynch and helicopter-based p 40 N86-27695 and aerial photographs STD data EARTH CRUST [INPE-3824-PRE/900] p 15 N86-26667 [AD-A163096] p 37 N86-24180 Structure of the southern Rio Grande rift from gravity CROP VIGOR DESERTlFlCATON interpretation p 18 A8637795 Overview and highlights of Early Warning and Crop A measuring reference system to quantify the Evidence of ongoing tal deformation related to Condition Assessment project p5 A8633576 desertification process in a semiarid ecosystem based on magmatic activity near Socorro. New Mexico Detection and evaluation of plant stressas for crop Landsat MSS data p 16 A8637011 p 18 A86-37797 DESERTS management decisions p5 A8633578 Plate motions and deformations from geologic and The influence of observational interdependence on CRUSTAL FRACTURES geodetic data Spectral reflectance relationships with plant and soil Evidence of ongoing c~staldeformation related to [NASA-CR-177313] p 19 N86-27833 magmatic actimar Socono, New Mexico variables p 2 A86-30196 Detecting desert locust breeding grounds in the Sahel EARTH MANTLE p 18 A8637797 Evidence for small-scale mantle convection from Seasat CUMULONIMBUS CLOUDS with satellite data p 16 A86-32537 Site selection and directional models of deserts used altimeter data p 25 A8631976 Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Note, no. 13, EARTH MOVEMENTS 1986 for ERBE validation targets [NASA-TP-25401 p 57 N86-23160 Plate motions and deformations from geologic and [ISSN-0388-9653] p40 NE627694 geodetic data CUMULUS CLOUDS Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert [NASA-CR-1772991 p 18 N86-26741 Satallite cloud and precipitatm analysis using a surfaces: The Desert Winds Prokt minicomputer [T186-900108] p24 N8625099 EARTH OBSERVATIONS (FROM SPACE) Agricultural and scientific space platforms Russian [AD-A183821] p58 N86-25084 DETERIORATION - CV-SSO AIRCRAFT Environmental data sources for the Chesapeake Bay book pl A8629843 Aircraft and satellite passive microwave observations Area Possibili of small-scale physiwgeographical of the Bering Sea ice mer during MIZEX West [PB86-110640] p 35 N86-23211 regionalition using space spectrometry data p32 A8635683 DEVELOPING NATIONS p 16 A8630974 CYCLONES Remote sensing for developing cwntries - A case study Weddell-Scotiasea marginalice zone observations from Seasat microwave wind and rain observations in severe of Tunisia p 15 A8630195 space, October 1984 p 26 A8633105 tropical and midlatitude marine storms DEW NOAA plans for ramte sensing of the earth, oceans p 27 A8633486 Effect of dew on canopy reflectance and temperature and atmosphere p52 A86-33502 Precipitation in tropical cyclones p 28 A86-33490 p10 A8636049 Passive remote sensing of stratospheric and Characteristics of western region flash flood events in DIAMETERS mesospheric winds p53 A8633545 GOES imagery and conventional data Predicting tree groundline diameter from crown Design and benefits of a multibeam Earth Observing [NOAA-TM-NESDIS-l3] p44 N86-26668 measurements made on 35-mm aerial photography Radar p 29 A8633591 p 13 A8639006 Investigationof the earth from space. A new mtribubon DIFFERENTIAL PULSE CODE MODULATION to the development of structural geomwphology D On-board data compression for advanced Landsat p22 A8636504 p45 A8632388 Estimation of atmospheric cwections from multiple DATA ACQUISITION DIGITAL DATA aircraft imagery p49 A8636784 ENVIROSAT.2000 report: Federal agency satellite Variograms and spatial variation in remotely sensed The evolution of remote sensing science and requirements images p47 A8633638 applications p58 A86-37002 [NASA-TM-887521 p 59 N86-26355 Examples of the automated derivation of digital surface Analysis of data acquired by Shuffle Imaging Radar DATA BASES models p 48 A8635292 SIR-A and Landsat Thematic Mapper over Baldwin County, Formation of a digital data base for automated forest DIGITAL RADAR SYSTEMS Alabama p12 A8637018 mapping p2 A86-32689 Verification of L-band SAR calibration Plate motions and deformations from geologic and Description of a databank of normaliied radar cross p 54 A8633634 geodetic data section of terrain p45 A8633526 DIGITAL SYSTEMS [NASA-CR-177313] p 19 N8627833 Eccmmical maintenance of a national topographic data Ocean wave abpe statistics from automated analysis EARTH ORBITS base uskg Landsat images p48 A8638082 of sun gliphotographs The study of gravity field estimation procedures Operational satellite suppoct to scientific programs [ADA1619951 p37 N86-24172 [ ADA1645641 p 19 N86-26745 [ADA1650811 p 59 N86-27412 DIGITAL TECHNWES EARTH RADIATION BUDGET EXPERIMENT DATA COLLECTION PLATFORMS Formation of a rhgitd data base for automated forest Site selection and directional models of deserts used The ARGOS system for positioning and data collection mapping p2 A8632689 for ERBE validation targets by satellite - Characteristics and performance levels Map digitaation oliers new possibilities [ NASA-TP-25401 p57 N86-23180 p56 A8639559 [NLR-MP-84061-U] p 51 N86-23028 EARTHRESOURCES Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS (STATISTICS) Remote sensing for developing countries - A case study drifting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 Distinguishing among tallgrass ptairie cover types from of Tunisia p 15 A8830195 [ INPE-3793-PRE/888] p36 N86-24166 measurements of multispectral reflectance Resource monitoring oriented remota sensing data DATA COMPRESSION p 10 A8636047 processing capabilities pl6 A8633643 On-board data compression for advanced Landsat An information measure for class discrimination ._.in Determination of the spectral characteristics of natural p45 A8632368 remote sensing of crop observatbn p 11 A8636789 objects on test ranges. and aspects of the efficiency of DATA PROCESSING DISCRIMINATION space systems -_- Russian book p 11 A8636697 Multiaop area estimatin and mapping on a Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging The effect of the atmosphere on the satellite remote microprocessor/mainframe network p 7 A86-33644 radar p5 A86-33586 sensing of earth resources -.-Russian book Machine processing of remotely sensed data ~ DIURNAL VARIATIONS p56 A8639969 Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and Diurnal patterns of bidirectional vegetatin indices for USSR report: Earth sciences analy\ical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh wheat canopies p 1 A8630192 [ JPRS-UES-86-0041 p 34 N86-23017 International Symposium, Purdue University. West DMSP SATELLITES Earth science investigations in the United States Lafayene. IN, June 25-27, 1985 p A8637001 56 Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Antarctic Research Program (USARP) for the period July Designof the European Space Agency Thematic Mapper Program (DMSP) and the NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational 1. 1984 - June 30, 1985 processing chains p 51 A86-37864 Environmental Satellite (FOES) program [PB86-143773] p 58 N86-25076 Operational methods for data interpolation [ADA1651181 p59 NE627413 EARTHSURFACE [DE8541 60501 p 34 N8615969 DOPPLER RADAR Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-B radar GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental data ~ Preliminary results p21 A8633552 Satellite)-nexl overview Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar. Doppler radar and tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent Multipolarization SAR data for surface feature [AD-A185080] p 59 N8627411 and stormy weather delineation p46 A6633594 DATA REDUCTION Examples of the automated derivation of digital surface [NASA-CR-39601 p 56 N86-23159 A simple, objective analysis scheme for scanermter models p48 A86-35292 DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS data -- Seasat A satellite observation of wind over A stable iterative procedure to obtain soil surface A study sea ice kinematics and their relationship to ocean p 32 A8635550 of parameters and fluxes from satellite data arctk ambient noise. Part 3, Sectii 1: Ambient noise. DATA SAMPLING p8 A8635678 Section 2: Ambient noise Modified cubic convolution resampling for Landsat Small format, oblique, mlour aerial photography An [AD-A165304] p 39 N86-26788 - p47 A8633640 aid to the location of methane seepage DATA SYSTEMS A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to p 11 A8636783 Technological improvements to naval aviation weather arctic ambient noise. Part 3, section 3: Ambient noise EARTHQUAKES support p34 A86-37506 [AD-A1653051 p40 N86-26789 Earthquake and tsunami data services and DECIDUOUS TREES publications Forest signaturesin imaging and non-imagingmicrowave [PB86156254] p51 N86-25919 scanerometer data p9 A86-36037 E ECOSYSTEMS DEFORESTATION Modeling the controls of forest productivity using canopy Identitying deforestation in Brazil using multiresolution EARTH (PLANET) variables p 11 A8637016 satellite data p8 A8634742 Operational satellite support to Scientiic programs Ducks Unlimited Joint Research Project DEFORMATION (AD-Al65081 ] p 59 N86-27412 [NASA-TM-88755] p 14 N86-25032 Plate motions and deformations from geologic and International coordination of and contributions to A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within geodetic data environmental satellite programs the mid-Atlantic bight [NASA-CR-177299] p 18 N86-26741 [ADA1651421 p60 N86-28016 [NASA-CR-t77265] p39 N86-26670

A-5 EGYPT SUBJECT INDEX

EGYPT ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH SATELLITES Nonparametric models and crop classification Application of spaceborne and airborne techniques in ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite p6 A8633622 mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastern Desert, requirements SAR image segmentationusing digitised field boundaries Egypt p 23 A8637865 [NASA-TM-86752] p 59 N86-26355 for crop mapping and monitoring applications Thematic mapper research in the Earth sciences: ENVIRONMENTALSURVEYS p7 A8633625 Tectonic evaluation of the Nubian Shield of northeastern Vegetation and environmental gradients of the PNdhoe Spectral components analysis . A bridge between Sudanlsoutheastern Egypt using thematic mapper Bay region, Alaska spectral observations and agrometeorological crop imagery [ADA162022] p 17 N86-24034 models p7 A8633627 [NASA-CR-1773111 p 24 N86-26740 EQUATORIAL ATMOSPHERE Multicrop area estimation and mapping on a EIGENVALUES Transient response to localized episodic heating in the microprocessorlmainfranm network p 7 A8633644 On the information content of multispectral radiance tropics p 51 N86-27749 Microwave emission from row crops p 9 A8635681 measurements over an ocean --- ESA programs EOUATORIAL REGIONS Integration of high and low resolution satellite data for [GKSS-85/E/43] p 40 N86-27697 Heat budget and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic crop condition assessment p 12 A8637020 EIGENVECTORS Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment. FARMLANDS Thematic mapper research in the Earth sciences: 1979 Classification of south Texas farm and range resources Tectonic evaluation of the Nubian Shield of northeastern [PB86-111622] p 35 N86-23213 using NOAA7 AVHRR satellite imagery Sudanlsoutheastern Egypt using thematic mapper Transient response to localized episodic heating in the p 5 A8633558 imagery FIELD OF VIEW tropics p 51 N86-27749 [NASA-CR-177311] p 24 N86-26740 EOS radiometer concepts for soil moisture remote Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian ERROR ANALYSIS sensing Oceans Hierarchicalclassification of multitemporallmulti~tral [NASA-CR-177854] p 14 N86-23995 [ NASA-TM-877731 p 39 N86-26782 wanner data p49 A8637017 FILTERS ELASTIC MEDIA ERROR CORRECTING DEVICES A median filter approach for correcting errors in a vector The effective elastic lithosphere under the Cook-Austral A median filter approach for correcting errors in avector field p29 A86-33601 and Society islands p 25 A8632267 field p 29 A8633601 FISHERIES ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ERRORS Assessment and trends of Florida's marine fisheries The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing Navstar GPS (Global PositioningSystem) accuracy while habitat An integration of aerial photography and Thematic [SU-84] p 56 "23025 surveying arrays of deep ocean transponders Mapper imagery p 34 A8637013 ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRA [AD-A163364] p 38 N86-26313 NOAA satellite requirements forecast Thematic mapper research in the Earth sciences: ERS1 (ESA SATELLITE) [ AD-A1652441 p 40 N86-27414 Tectonic evaluation of the Nubian Shield of northeastern Relative vertical positioning using ground-level FLIGHT CONDITIONS Sudanlsoutheastern Egypt using thematic mapper transponders with the ERS-1 altimeter Technological improvements to naval aviation weather imagery p33 A8635686 =JPport p34 AM-37506 [NASA-CR-177311] p 24 N86-26740 ERS-1 - Our new window on the Oceans for the 1990s FLIGHT CONTROL Department of GeologylNASA-GSFC geobotanical p 34 A8638718 Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospheric investigation Strategies for the calibration and operational use of the turbulence and sea roughness with reference to the study [NASA-CR-l77300] p 15 N86-27698 ERSl SAR wave mode of complex systems --- for flight control ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE TRANSMISSION [ JHU/APL/SDO-7565] p35 NE623207 p33 A8636480 Position fixing afloat --- coordinate determination at ESTIMATING FLIGHT PLANS sea p 33 A8636788 Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data Map digitization offers new possibilities ENERGY BUOGETS and aerial photographs [NLR-MP-84061-U] p 51 N86-23028 On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget [ INPE-3824-PRE19001 p 15 N86-26667 FLIGHT TESTS p 40 N86-27695 ESTUARIES Archimedes project remote sensing of oil spills North ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS Physical interpretation of estuarine water color using Sea experiment, October 1983. Report on DFVLR 100 MHz dielectric constant measurements of snow vector analysis of satellite data p 43 A8633630 (Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) contribution cover Dependence on environmental and snow pack Environmental data sources for the Chesapeake Bay [ DFVLR-FB-85-541 p35 N86-24002 parameters p 42 A8633613 Area FLOOD PREDICTIONS Environment and climate Russian ... book [PB86-110640] p 35 N8623211 Characteristics of western region flash flood events in p 16 A8638677 Application of LANDSAT TM images to assess GOES imagery and conventional data Comprehensive integrated remote sensing for US circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons [NOAA-TM-NESDIS-13] p44 N86-26668 Department of Energy applications [ NASA-CR-1773151 p44 N86-26665 FLORIDA [DE86-002101] p 17 N66-25036 EUROPEANSPACE AGENCY Assessment and trends of Florida's marine fisheries ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION Design of the EuropeanSpace Agency Thematic Mapper habitat An integration of aerial photography and Thematic Environment and climate -..Russian book processing chains p 51 A8637864 Mapper imagery p 34 A8637013 p 16 A8638677 EVAPORATION ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING FLOW VELOCITY Analysis of a resistance-energy balance method for Application of LANDSAT TM images to assess Research on enhancing the utilization of digital estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons multispectral data and geographic information systems in one-time-ofday infrared temperature Observations [NASA-CR-177315] p44 NE626665 global habitability studies p 13 A8639148 [ NASA-CR-1772941 p 17 N86-26669 FOREST FIRE DETECTION EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ENVIRONMENTALMONITORING Conceptual design study: Forest Fire Advanced System A stable iterative procedure to obtain soil surface Integrated global monitonng of the world ocean. Technology (FFAST) parameters and fluxes from satellite data Volumes 1, 2, 8 3 -_- Russian book p 24 A8631350 [ JPL-PUBL-66-51 p 14 NE625034 p8 A8635678 Detecting desert locust breeding grounds in the Sahel FOREST FIRES Evapotranspiration over an agricultural region using a with satellite data p 16 A8632537 Conceptual design study: Forest Fire Advanced System surface fluxltemperature model based on NOAA-AVHRR The Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) Some Technology (FFAST) - data p 10 A8646237 questions answered p 25 A8632556 [ JPL-PUBL-66-51 p 14 N86-25034 EXPERT SYSTEMS 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing FOREST MANAGEMENT The development of an MSS satellite imagery Symposium (IGARSS '85), University of Massachusetts, Formation of a digital data base for automated forest classification expert system p 46 A8633596 Amherst, October 7-9, 1985, Digest. Volumes 1 8 2 mapping p2 A8632689 EXTREMELY HIGH FREOUENCIES p 52 A8633501 Satellite-borne GHz radiometer experiment Analysis 01 forestlstnrcture using thematic mapper Remote sensing techniques for the detection of soil 90 (SABREX), phase A1 simulator data p4 A86-33540 erosion and identification 01 soil conservation the [DFVLR-MIlT-85-13] p57 N86-24000 Field and airborne spectral characterizationof suspected pactices p3 A86-33506 damage in red spruce (picea rubens) from Vermont Resource monitoring oriented remote sensing data p 11 A8637008 processing capabilities p 16 A86-33643 F Adding spatial considerations to the JABOWA model Identifying deforestation in Brazil using multiresolution of forest growth p 11 A8637014 satellite data p8 A8634742 FACTOR ANALYSIS Timber Resources Inventory and Monitoring Joint Methods of combined air and space remote-sensing Separation of soil-plant spectral mixtures by factor Research Project studies of Siberia p 22 A86-36501 analysis p 13 A8639147 [NASA-TM-88754] p 14 NE625863 FARM CROPS The possibility of applying different types of FORESTS Microwave remote sensing of agricultural crops in image-analysis software to environment-protection A texture-enhancement procedure for separating Canada p 1 A8630190 problems --- in remote sensing p 16 A8636513 orchard from forest in Thematic Mapper data Overview of the AgRlSTARS research program. I A measuring reference system to quantify the --- AGgriculture and Resources Inventory Surveys Through p 2 A8630198 desertification process in a semiarid ecosystem based on Aerospace Remote Sensing p2 A86-33503 A preliminary report on the measurements of forest Landsat MSS data p 16 A8637011 Overview and highlights of Early Warning and Crop canopies with C-band radar scatterometer at Assessment and trends of Florida's marine fisheries Condition Assessment project p5 A86-33576 NASAlNSTL p3 A8633525 habitat An integration of aenal photography and Thematic Detection and evaluation of plant stresses for crop A correlation and regression analysis of precent canopy Mapper imagery p34 A8637013 management decisions p 5 A8633578 closure vs. TMS spectral response for selected forest sites Use of Thematic Mapper data to assess water quality Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs in the San Juan National Forest, Colorado in Green Bay and central Lake Michigan from remotely sensed information p 6 A8633579 p3 A8633539 p 43 A86-39004 USDAISRS software for Landsat MSS-based Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging Environmental data sources for the Chesapeake Bay crop-acreage estimation p6 A8633605 radar p5 A8633565 Area Evaluation of crop acreage estimation methods using Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging [PB86-1106401 p 35 N86-23211 Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 A86-33606 radar p5 A8633566

Ab SUBJECT INDEX GULF STREAM

Comparison between Landsat MSS and Thematic Stableisotope studies of groundwaters in southeastern GEOPHYSICS Mapper data for geobotanical prospecting in the New Mexico USSR report: Earth sciences Spanish-Portuguese Pyrite Belt p7 A86-33628 [DE864025901 p43 N86-23027 [ JPRS-UES-864041 p 34 N86-23017 Evaluation of Landsat MSS bands and transformations Operational satellite support to scientiic programs GEOS 3 SATELLITE for detecting heavy metal stress in forest-covered areas [AD-A165081] p 59 NE627412 Gravity anomalies and sea surface heights derived from p7 A8633629 GEOIDS a combined GEOS 31Seasat altimeter data set Forestry information content of Thematic Mapper data Accuracy estimate of geoid and ocean topography p33 A8636096 recovered jointly from satellite altimetry p8 A8634741 GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH PROGRAM Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics p 32 A8635278 GEOLOGICAL FAULTS lntraseasonal variations of OLR in the tropics during in a boreal forest - Relationshipbetween Thematic Mapper Structure of the southern Rim Grande rift from gravity the FGGE year __-outgoing long wave radiation band reflectance and leaf area index for Aspen p48 A8636227 p8 A8635677 interpretation p 18 A8637795 Plate motions and deformabns from geologic and Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the Forest signatures in imaging and non-imagingmicrowave geodetic data Global Weather Experiment: Current Achievements and scatterometer data p9 A86-36037 [ NASA-CR-1773131 p 19 N86-27833 Future Directions, volume 1 Analysis of effective radiant temperatures in a Pacific GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS [NASA-CR-176720] p 36 N86-24120 Northwest forest using Thermal Infrared Multispectral Use of Seasat SAR imagery for geological mapping in GUS experiments on the impact of FGGE satellite data Scanner data p9 A86-36042 a volcanic terrain - Ask* Caldera, Iceland on numerical weather prediction p 57 N86-24128 Modeling the controls of forest productivity using canopy p 19 A8630189 Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the variables p 11 A8637016 Features of the geological application of space data Global Weather Experiment: Current Achievements and Analysis of data acquired by Shuttle Imaging Radar p 19 A86-32680 Future Directions, volume 2. part 2 SIR-A and Landsat Thematic Mapper over BaldwinCounty. Application of space imagery to the identification and [NASA-CR-l76722] p 36 N86-24142 Alabama p 12 A86-37018 geological-geophysical study of hidden plutons in early Simulation studies related to the design of post-FGGE A proposal for a project entitled Assessment of Forest Proterozoic troughs p20 A8632682 Observing systems p57 N86-24160 Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations Lineament analysis in a test area of northern Sea surface temperature from satellites: The impact Industrial Development Organization (UNIW) Mozambique p 20 A8633520 of FGGE p 36 N86-24161 [ INPE-3828-NTE/255] p 15 N88-26666 Preliminary geologic analyses of SIR-B radar data for GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM FUZZY SETS Hawaii p 21 A8633550 Commercial applications of the Navstar Global Segmentation of a Thematic Mapper image using the What are the best radar wavelengths, incidence angles Positioning System p 54 A86341 12 fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm p 9 A8635687 and polarizations for geologic applications? A statistical approach p 21 A8633592 Navstar GPS (Global Positioning System) accuracy while surveying arrays of deep ocean transponders Analysis of L-bandmultipolarization radar iamges for lava [AD-A1633641 p38 NE626313 flow mapping p 21 A86-33593 G Problems and principles of the geological interpretation GOES SATELLITES GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental GARP ATLANTIC TROPICAL EXPERIMENT of remote-sensing data p 22 A8636502 for the quantitative estimation of convergence Satellite)-next overview Heat budget and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic Method in mapping in the of the interpretation of space [AD-AI 65080 I p 59 N86-27411 Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment, case photographs of oil-and-gas-bearing regions of Siberia NOAA satellite requirements forecast 1979 [ AD-A1652441 p40 NE627414 [PB86111622] p35 N86-23213 p23 A8636505 Quantitative assessment of the information content of GRADIENTS GAS SPECTROSCOPY N images of different scale on the example of disjunctives Vegetation and environmental gradients of Me Prudhcm Passive remote sensing of stratospheric and of Siberia p23 A8636506 Bay region, Alaska mesospheric winds p53 A8633545 Methods for the remote sensing of transition zones of [ AD-A1620221 p 17 NE624034 GEOBOTANY the junction of Siberian platforms and orogens GRANITE Comparison between Landsat MSS and Thematic p 23 A86-36507 Landsat MSS and airborne geophysical data combined Mapper data for geobotanical prospecting in the The use of remotesensing data to predict regional and for mapping granite in southwest Nova Scotia Spanish-Portuguese Fynte Belt p7 A8633628 local oil-and-gas-bearing smctures within the p23 AM-37021 Department of Geology/NASA-GSFC geobotanical Dneprorsk-Donetsk paleoritt p 23 A86-36508 GRASSLANDS investigation Combination of air and space remotesensing methods Light interception and leaf area estimates from [NASA-CR-177300] p 15 N86-27698 and geological-geophysical methods for the purpose of measurements of grass canopy reflectance GEODESY oil and gas exploration in Me southern Permsk region p4 A8633557 Plate motions and deformations from geologic and p 23 A86-36509 Distinguishing among tallgrass prairie cover types from geodetic data Aspects of the geological interpretation of geophysical measurements of multispectral reflectance [NASA-CR-177299] p 18 N86-26741 fields and results of air and space remote-sensing p 10 A8636047 The study of gravity field estimation procedures observations of oil-and-gas-bearing territories p 23 A8636510 GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS [AD-A164564] p 19 N86-26745 The study of gravity field estimation procedures Landsat MSS and airborne geophysical data combined GEODETIC ACCURACY [ AD-A1645641 p 19 NE626745 Accuracy estimate of geoid and ocean topography for mapping granite in southwest Nova Scotia GRAVITY ANOMALIES recovered jointly from satellite altimetry p 23 A8637021 Evidence for small-scale mantle convection from Seasat p A8635278 GEOLOGY 32 altimeter data p 25 A86-31976 Landsat Thematic Mapper geodetic accuracy - Vegetation and environmental gradients of the PNdhoe Implications for geocoded map compatibility Bay region, Alaska Gravity anomalies and sea surface heights derived from p 18 A8637024 [AD-A162022] p 17 N86-24034 a combined GEOS WSeasat altimeter data set GEODETIC SURVEYS GEOMETRIC DILUTION OF PRECISION p33 A8636096 Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality An integrated approach to geometric precision Structure of the southern Rio Grande rift from gravity p50 A8637032 processing of spaceborne high-resolution sensors interpretation p 18 A8637795 Evidence of ongoing crustal deformation related to p 55 A8634737 GREENLAND magmatic activity near Socorro, New Mexico GEOMETRIC RECTIFICATION (IMAGERY) Statistical lineament analysis in South Greenland based p 18 A8637797 Modified cubic convolution resampling for Landsat on Landsat imagery p22 A8635676 GEODYNAMICS p47 A8633640 GROUND STATIONS Plate motions and deformations from geologic and Satellite orientation and po&n for geometric correction Designof the European Space Agency Thematic Mapper geodetic data of scanner imagery p48 A8636079 processing chains p51 A86-37864 [NASA-CR-177299] p 18 N86-26741 Processing of multi-sensor remotely sensed data to a GROUNDTRUTH GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS standard geocoded format p 50 A8637019 One step above ground truth ~ Airphoto keys for Image processing system interfaces Radar image simulation as a tool to analyze topographic large-scale vegetation analysis p3 A8633538 p44 A8632333 effects on geometry and radiometry of radar imagery p50 A8637026 Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and Approaches to computer reasoning in remote sensing tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent Rectification of scanner images using prediction and geographic information processing - A SUNW and stormy weather approaches airborne scanners p 16 A86-33595 - [NASA-CR-3960] p56 N8623159 Economical maintenance of a national topographic data [ SER-C303I p57 N86-23992 Application of IANDSAT TM images to assess base using Landsat images p48 A8636082 GEOMETRY circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons Technical and software faciliies at a center for the Ocean wave slope statisti hom automated analysis [NASA-CR-l773151 p44 N86-26665 processing of remotesensing data p 48 A863651 1 of sun glitter photographs Multisource data analysis in remote sensing and [ AD-A161 9951 p37 NE624172 Remote sensing and oceanographic equipment geographic information processing p 50 A8637022 GEOMORPHOLOGY technology: Some present systems and future needs, Research on enhancing the utilization of digital Photogrammetry and remote sensing in periglacial revised multispectral data and geographic information systems in geomorphology p 20 A8633517 [ PB86156502] p 40 N86-26791 global habitability studies Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-B radar GROUND WATER [NASA-CR-l77294] p 17 N86-26669 data - Preliminary reSUltS p 21 A8633552 Stable-isotocm studies of aroundwaters in southeastern Research, investigations and technical developments: Combined structural and geomorphological methods for New Mexico National mapping program, 1983-1984 the processing of aerial and space photographic [DE864025901 p 43 N86-23027 [PB86-166097] p 17 NE626675 remote-sensing data with the aim of solving geological GULF STREAM GEOGRAPHY problems p 22 A8636503 Remote sensing and oceanographic equipment Possibility of small-scale physicogeographical lnvestigationoftheearthfromspace-A new contribution technology: Some present systems and future needs. regionalization using space spectrometry data to the development of structural geomorphology revised p 16 A8630974 p 22 A8636504 [PB86-156502] p 40 N86-26791

A-7 HABITATS SUBJECT INDEX

H HYDROMETEOROLOGY Hierarchicalclassification of multitemporal/multispectral Satellite-borne 90 GHz radiometer experiment scanner data p 49 A8637017 HABITATS (SABREX). phase A1 Multisource data analysis in remote sensing and Ducks Unlimited Joint Research Project [DWLR-MITT-85-13] p57 N86-24000 geographic information processing p 50 A86-37022 [ NASA-TM-887551 p 14 N86-25032 HYDROPHONES Radar image simulation as a tool to analyze topographic HARMONICS NavstarGPS(Global PositioningSystem) accuracy while effects on geometry and radiometry of radar imagery The study of gravity field estimation procedures surveying mays of deep ocean transponders p50 A86-37026 [ AD-A164564 1 p 19 N86-26745 [ AD-A1633641 p38 N86-26313 Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality HAWAII p50 A8637032 Preliminary wlogic analyses of SIR-B radar data for Wheat area estimation using digital IANDSAT MSS data Hawaii p 21 A8633550 I and aerial photographs lntroductwy analyses of SIR-B radar data for Hawaii [INPE-3824-PRE/W] P 15 N86-26667 p2t A86-33551 ICE On the information content of multispectral radiance HAZARDS measurements wer an ocean ESA programs Marginal ice zone experiment ~ 1984, physical -_- Comprehensive integrated remote sensing for US oceanography report: USNS Lynch and heliter-based [GKSS85/E/43] P40 NE627697 Department of Energy applications STD data IMAGE CONTRAST [DE86M)2101] p 17 N86-25036 (ADA1630961 p37 N8624180 Salyut-6 obserration of color and bnghtness contrasts HEAT FLUX ICE ENVIRONMENTS conelated with ocean-bottom relief p 26 A8632678 A stable iterative procedure to obtain soil surface Ice shelves of Antarctica IMAGE ENHANCEMENT parameters and fluxes from satellite data [PB86106986] p35 N8623!3208 A texture-enhancement procedure for separating p8 A8635678 orchard from forest in Thematic Mapper data Evapotranspiration over an agkultural region using a Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, Collection of Articles, Volume 56. 1981 P 2 A86-30198 surface fluxltemperature modal baaed on NOM-AVHRR Spatial enhancement techniques for multichannel [PB86-107109] p35 N86-23209 data p 10 A8636237 satellite imagery p47 A8633639 Heat budget and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters Geological mapping potential of computer-enhanced Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment, [AD-A164679] p39 N86-26716 images from the Shuttle Imaging Radar - Lisbon Valley 1979 ICE MAPPING Anticline, Utah p22 A86-36083 [PB86111622] p 35 N86-23213 SAR remote sensing during MIZEX 84 IMAGE PROCESSING An investition of the marine boundary layer during p29 A8633561 Image processing system interfaces cold air outbreak Measurement of sea ice backscatter characteristics at p44 A8642333 [NASA-CR-1772871 p 39 N86-26758 36 GHz using the surface contour radar Image segmentation algorithms p 45 A8632370 Preliminary assessment of soil moisture over p 29 A86-33562 High speed image processing system with custom VLSl vegetation Aircraft and satellite passive microwave observations for DSP _-- Digital Signal Processor p 54 A8633641 [NASA-CR-177226] p 15 N86-27704 of the Bering Sea ice cover during MlZEX West Resource monitoring oriented remote sensing data A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of p32 A8635683 processing capabilities p 16 A86-33643 momentum, heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine Ice shelves of Antarctica Satellite orientation and position for geometric correction atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable [PB86-106986] p 35 N86-23208 of scanner imagery p48 A8636079 parameters ICE REPORTING Certain transformations in a quantitative approach to [NASACR-177283] p 41 N86-27837 Observations of the polar regions from satellites using image processing --- computer technques for satellita An investigation of the marine boundary layer during active and passive microwave techniques PhotographyComputer processing of spectrally superposedp48 A8636517 data --- cold air outbreak p28 A86-33489 [NASA-CR-177249] p 41 N86-27838 Multifrequency observations of brightness temperature subroutines for MSS remote sensing p 49 A8636518 A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of of artificial new and young sea ice p 28 A8633514 Machine pocessing of remotely sensed data - momentum, heat, and moisture of the cloud-toppedmarine Extracting sea ice data from satellite SAR imagery Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable p29 A8633560 analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh parameters SAR remote sensing during MlZEX 84 International Symposium. Purdue University. West [NASACR-177290] p41 N8627853 p29 A8633561 Lafayette. IN, June 25-27, 1985 p 56 A8637001 HIERARCHIES Ice conditions on the Ohio and Illinois Rivers, High accuracy clustering using residual image ._-from Hierarchicalclassification of mulbtemporallmultispectral 1972-1985 p42 A8633617 Landsat satellite p49 A86-37003 scanner data p 49 A8637017 Radar sounding of ice masses containing liquid water An atlas of original and mercator-transformed HIGH RESOLUTION p 30 A8633619 satellitedata images of the Albcfan Sea, August-October An atlas of original and mercator-transformed ICEBERGS 1983 satellitedata images of the Alboran Sea, August-October Investqalion of ice dynamics in the marginal ice zone [APA161898] p36 NE624170 1983 [ADA1643641 p38 N8625962 Ocean wave slope statistics from automated analysis (ADA161 8981 p 36 "-24170 ICELAND of sun glitter photographs niGn SPEED Use of Seasat SAR imagw for gedogsal mapping in [ADA1619951 p37 N8624172 Hih speed image processing system with custom VLSl a volcanic terram .Askja Caldera, Iceland Application of IANDSAT TM images to assass for DSP ._-Diiital Signal Processor p 54 A86-33641 p 19 A8630189 circulation and dispersion in wastal lagoons HUMIDITY MEASUREMENT IMAGE ANALYSIS [NASA-CR-l77315] p44 NE626665 Satelliederived moisture profiles Techniques for multispectral image classification Thematic mapper research in the Earth sciences: [NOAA-NESDIS-24] p44 N86-27703 p 44 A86-32337 Tectonic evaluation of the Nubian Shield of northeastern HURRICANES A histogram as the basis of the statistical classification Sudan/southeastern Egypt using thematic mapper The spatial evolution of SAR derived wave spectra in of images p45 A8632688 imagery the vicinity of Hurricane IVA p30 A86-33602 Weddell-Scotiasea marginal ice zona Observations from [NASA-CR-177311 I p24 N86-26740 Satellite observations of sea surface cooling by space, October 1984 P26 A8633105 Spectroradiometric considerations for advanced land hurricanes p32 A8635545 Gontext classifier -.. pixel classification theory and observing systems HYDRODYNAMICS algorithms P 46 A86-33535 [NASA-CR-177205] p 58 N86-27705 Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, collection of Analysis of forest/structure using thematic mapper IMAQE RESOLUTION articles, vol. 57. 1981 simulator data p4 A8633540 Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality [PB86-106994] p 37 N86-24182 Preliminary geologic analyses of SIR-B radar data for p50 A8637032 HYDROGRAPHY Hawaii P21 A86-33550 IMAGING RADAR Contributions to the oceanography of the western Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging Lithologic signatures in multi-channel SAR imagery Albcfan Sea radar P5 A8633566 p45 A8633522 (ADA1620191 p 37 N86-24173 Analysis of L-band multipolarizationradar iamges for lava Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA program, flow mapping P21 A8633593 radar p5 A86-33566 OPTOMAtT: OPTOMA17 P, 21 July 1985, OPTOMAt7 The development of an MSS satellite imagery IMAQING rrcnNiauEs leg DI. 10-22 August 1985.OPTOMA17 leg DII, 23 August classification expert system P46 A86-33596 Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea - 5 September 1985 Slopeinterceptdensity plots - A new method for line [NASA-CR-1773101 p39 N8626783 detection in images --- in pixels p 46 A8633W [ADA1620671 p37 -24176 INDIAN OCEAN HYDROLOGY Classification of geophysical parameters using passive Evolution of the net surface shortwave radiation wer The influence of observatbnal interdependence on microwave satellite measurements p 47 A8633626 the Indian Ocean during summer MONEX (1979) A spectral reflectance relationships with plant and soil Variograms and spatial variation in remotely sensed - satellite description p26 A8633120 images P47 A8633638 variables p2 A8630196 INDIAN SPACE PROGRAM Phys~calinterpretation of estuarine water using Statistical lineament analysis in South Greenland based color Satellite-bome 90 GHz radiometer experiment vector analysis of satellite data p 43 A8633630 on Landsat imagery P22 A8635676 Segmentation of a Thematic Mapper image using the (SABREX). phase A1 Optimized retrievals of precipitable water fields from [DFVLR-MI?T-85-13] p57 N8624D00 combinations of VAS satellite and conventional surface fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm p 9 A8635687 The possibili of applying dimerant types of INDUSTRIAL AREAS obgervations p43 A8636193 image-analysis software to environment-protection A preliminary anarysls of Landsat MSS and TM data in Hydrologic and land sciences applications of NOAA problems --- in remote sensing p 16 A8636513 the Lwack area, Sudbury. Canada p 20 A8633519 polar-orbiting satellite data P43 N8623993 Estimation of atmospheric corrections from multiple INFORMATION DISSEMINATION HYDROLOGY MODELS alrciaft imagery p49 A8636784 Ducks Unlimited Joint Research Project Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on Landsat TM image forwardlreverse scan banding [ NASA-TM-887551 p 14 N86-25032 Landsat-MSS data p42 A86-33505 Charactemation and correcton p 49 A8636790 Earthquake and tsunami data services and Hydrologic modeling using Landsat MSS data Estimation of the location parameter of a muMspectral publitions p43 A8637010 distribution by e median -rator p 49 A8637006 [PB86156254] p 51 NE625919 SUBJECT INDEX MAGMA

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT INTERPOLATION A measuring reference system to quantity the Economical maintenance of a national topographic data Directbn dependent interpolation of aeromagnetic desertifiition process in a semiarid ecosystem based on base using Landsat images p48 A86-36082 data p23 A86-37009 Landsat MSS data p 16 1\66-37011 Multisource data analysis in remote sensing and Operational methods for data interpolation Detection of biomass by an empiric albedo and spectral geographic information processing p 50 A86-37022 [DE85-016050] p34 N86-15969 reflectance model in the Sahara Desert from INFORMATION THEORY ISLINDS Landsat-imagery p 11 A86-37015 On the information content of multispectral radiance Methods of obtaining olfshore wind direction and Processing of multi-sensor remotely sensed data to a sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic measurements over an owan _-.ESA programs standard geocoded format p 50 A86-37019 [GKSW5/E/43] p40 N86-27697 Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters Integration of high and low resolution satellite data fw [ AD-A1655521 p 38 N86-26517 INFRARED DETECTORS crop condition assessment p 12 A86-37020 Conceptual design study: Forest Fire Advanced System ISOTOPES Technology (FFAST) Stable-isotope studies of grwndwaters in SOutheastem Use of SIR-A and Landsat MSS data in mapping shrub [JPL-PUBL86-5] p14 N86-25034 New Mexico and intershrub vegetation at Koonamore. South Australia INFRARED IMAGERV [DE864025901 p43 N86-23027 p 13 A86-39003 Monotemporal, multitemporal, and multidate thermal ITERATIVE SOLUTION EOS radiometer concepts for soil moisture remote infrared data acquisition from satellites for soil and A stable iterative procedure to obtain soil surface sensing surface-material survey pl A86-30191 parameters and fluxes from satellite data [ NASA-CR-1778541 p 14 N86-23995 An algocithm for the identification of clwd cover and p8 A86-35678 A multiindex multitemporal approach to map crops in the estimation of spectral brightnesses of the cloudless the early growing season: An application to two Italian atmosphere according to satellite scanning measurements irrigation districts: East Sesia and Grande Bonifiga of wtgoing IR radiation p 52 A86-33317 J Ferrarese --- flue gases Estimation of the accuracy of the remote determination [ICW-1611] p 15 N86-26674 of ocean surface temperature on the basis of satellite JET STREAMS (METEOROLOGY) LANDSAT 4 measurements of outgoing thermal radiation in the Structural features of the easterly jet stream according The study of the natural geographic differences in the 10.5-12.5 micron range p27 A86-33320 to satellite data p 26 A8633315 coastal areas of water covered parts of Marmara region Spectroscopy of Moses Rock dike using remote in Turkey with the help of Landsat-4 MSS data using an sensing p21 A86-33521 K unsupevised classification algorithm with Euclidean Vegetation assessment using a combination of visible, distance p 43 A86-37012 near-IR and thermal-IR AVHRR data p 5 A86-33577 KINEMATICS LASER ALTIMETERS Analysis of effeclive radiant temperatures in a Pacific Investigatim of ice dynamics in the marginal ice zone Remote sensing of atmospheric pressure and sea state Northwest forest using Thermal Infrared Multispecbal [AD-At64364] p38 N86-25962 using laser altimeters p28 A86-33529 Scanner data p9 A86-36042 A study of sea ice kinema& and their relationship to LAVA Agricultural applications for thermal infrared arctic ambient noise. Part 3, Section 1: Ambient noise. Introductory analyses of SIR-B radar data for Hawaii multispectral scanner data p 12 A8637034 .Section 2 Ambient wise p21 Ae6-33551 An atlas of original and mercator-bansformed [ AD-A1653041 p39 N86-26788 Analysis of L-bandmultipolarization radar iamges for lava satellitedata images of the Alboran Sea. AugustOctober A study of sea ice kinematics and their relathship to flow mapping p21 A8633593 1983 arctic ambient noise. Part 3, section 3: Ambient noise Thematic mapper studies of Andean volcanoes [ AD-A1618981 p 36 N86-24170 [ADA1653051 p40 N86-26789 INFRARED INSTRUMENTS [NASA-CR-l76807] p24 N86-25866 Passive remote sensing of stratospheric and LEAVES mesospheric winds p53 A86-33545 L Satellitederivedleaf-area-index and vegetation maps as Analysis of a resistance-energy balance method for input to global carbon cycle models - A hierarchical estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using LAGOONS approach p 2 A88-30194 one-timeof-day infrared temperature observations Appliition of LANDSAT TM images to assess Near infrared leaf reflectance modeling p 13 A86-39148 circulation and disperrion in coastal lagoons p4 A86-33556 INFRARED RADIATION [NASA-CR-177315] p44 N86-26665 Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics

An atlas of original and mercator-transformed LAKE MICHIGAN in a boreal forest ~ Relationship between Thematic M-r satellite-data images of the Alboran Sea, August-October Use of Thematic Mapper data to assess water quality band reflectance and leaf area index for Aspen 1983 in Green Bay and central Lake Michigan 08 A8635677 [ AD-A161 8981 p 36 N86-24170 p43 A86-39004 Polarization photometer to measure bidirectional INFRARED RADIOMETERS LAND ICE reflectance factor R(55 deg. 0 deg, 55 deg. 160 deg) of Vegetation index and possibility of complementary Radar sounding of ice masses containing liquid water leaves p9 A86-35748 parameters from AVHRR/2 p2 A8530197 p 30 A86-33619 LIGHT SCAlTERlNG Sea surface temperature determinations Ice shelves of Antarctica Polarization photometer to measure bidirectional p28 A86-33487 [ PB86-1069861 p 35 N86-23208 reflectance factor R(55 deg. 0 deg, 55 deg. 180 deg) of Precipitation in tropical cyclones p 28 A8633490 LAND MANAGEMENT leaves p9 Ae6-35748 INFRARED REFLECTION Remote sensing techniques for the detection of soil LINEAR POLARIZATION Near infrared leaf reflectance modeling erosion and the identification of soil conservation FoTest discrimination with multipolarization imaging p4 A86-33556 practices p3 A8633506 radar p5 A8833566 INFRARED SIGNATURES LAND USE LITHOLOOY Near infrared leaf reflectance modeling A stepwise hierarchical multi-binary approach in TM Lithologic signatures in multi-channel SAR imagery p4 A8633556 landuse classification Thematic Mapping --- p45 A8833522 INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY p46 A8633597 The nature and origin of mineral coatings volcanic Possibility of small-scale physicogeographml Land use mapping using edge density texture measures on rocks 01 the Black Mountain. Stonewall Mwntain and Kane regionalhation using space spectrometry data on Thematic Mapper sirnulatoc data p 47 A86-33624 p16 A86-30974 Springs Wash volcanic centers in southern Nevada Use of multitemporal spectral profiles in agricultural [NASA-CR-176805] p24 N86-25912 Spectroscopy of Moses Rock dike using remote landcover classification p10 A86-36084 sensing p21 A86-33521 LITHOSPHERE &,lication of Shuttle imaging radar data for land use INLAND WATERS The effectiveelastic lithosphere under the Cook-Austral investylations p51 A86-39150 Ice conditions on the Ohio and Illinois Rivers, and Society islands p 25 A8632267 1972-1985 p 42 A86-33617 Hydrologic and land sciences applications of NOAA LOCUSTS INSTRUMENT ERRORS polar-orbiting satellite data p 43 N86-23993 btecting desert locust breeding grounds in the Sahel An integrated approach to geometric precision Comprehensive integrated remote sensing for US with satellite data p 16 A8632537 processing of spaceborne high-resolution sensors Department of Energy applications LONG RANGE WEATHER FORECASTING p 55 A86-34737 [DE864021011 p 17 N86-25036 Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, collection of INTERFEROMETRY Research, investigations and technical developments: articles, vol. 57, 1981 Topographic mapping from interlerometrii synthetic National mapping program, 1983-1984 [PB86-106994] p 37 N86-24182 aperture radar observations p 18 A86-36099 [ PB86-1660971 p 17 N86-26675 LONG WAVE RADIATION INTERNAL WAVES LANDSAT SATELLITES lntraseasonal variations of OLR in the tropics during Observation of internal waves and seismic waves in the On-board data compression for advanced Landsat the FGGE year _-.outgoing long wave radiation Sicilian Channel p 27 A86-33392 p45 A86-32368 p48 A8636227 Surface and internal ocean wave observations Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on LOSSLESS EQUIPMENT p27 A86-33485 Landsat-MSS data p42 A86-33505 On-board data compression for advanced Landsat An overview of the SAR internal wave signature Lineament analysis in a test area of northem p45 A8632368 experiment p31 A86-33645 Mozambique p20 A86-33520 LOUISIANA SAR-obse~edinternal wave signatures from SARSEX California timber volume inventory using Landsat Application of LANDSAT TM images to assess - Initial observations p31 A8633646 circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons SAR internal wave signatures from p4 A86-33541 observed [NASA-CR-177315] p44 N86-26665 SARSEXcomparisons with SAR imaging modeis Modifd cubic convolution resampling for Landsat p31 A86-33647 p47 A86-33640 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Landsat TM image forward/reverse scan banding M A multi-national consortium opportunity for remote Characterization and conectkm p 49 A86-36790 sensing p 58 A8634111 High accuracy clustering using residual image - from MAGMA International coordination of and contributions to Landsat satellite p49 A86-37003 Evidence of ongoing crustal deformation related to environmental satellite programs Hydrologic modeling using Landsat MSS data magmatic actity near Socorro, New Mexico [ AD-A1651 421 p60 N86-26016 p43 A86-37010 p18 A86-37797

A-9 MAPPING SUBJECT INDEX

MAPPING METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS Estimation of sea-surface temperature from AVHRR Use of SIR-A and Landsat MSS data in mapping shrub Passive remote sensing of stratospheric and data Comments on the paper by Singh et al. (1985) and intershrub vegetation at Koonamore, South Australia mesospheric winds p53 A8633545 p31 A86-34743 p13 A8639003 METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS Microwave radiometry for oil pollution monitoring, An atlas of original and mercatw-transformed 100 MHz dielectric constant measurements of snow measurements. and systems p32 A86-35682 satellitedata images of the Alboran Sea, August-October cover Dependence on environmental and snow pack Regression models for vegetation radar-backscanenng 1983 parameters p42 A8633613 and radiometric emission p 10 A8636046 [ AD-A161 8981 p 36 NE624170 Relationships between surface observations over the Satellitsborne 90 GHz radiometer experiment Conceptual design study: Fire Advanced System Fwest global Oceans and the southern oscillation (SAEREX), phase A1 Technolcgy (FFAST) [PB86110038] p35 NE€-24112 [DNLR-MIlT-85-131 p57 N86-24000 [JPL-PUEL-865] p 14 N86-25034 METEOROLOGICAL RADAR MICROWAVE SCAlTERlNG ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite A median filter approach for correcting errors in a vector requirements Estimation of biophysical properties of forest canopies field p29 A8633601 through inversion of microwave scatterometer data [NASA-TM-887521 p59 N86-26355 METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES P4 A86-33542 MAPS The ARGOS system for positioning and data collection Relationships between surface ObseNatiOnS over the Measurement of sea ice backscatter characteristics at by satellite Characteristics and performance levels global Oceans and the southem oscillation - 36 GHz using the surface contour radar p 56 A86-39559 [PB86-110038] p 35 N86-24112 p 29 A8643562 Monthly maps of sea level anomalies in the Pacific, 1975 Satellite cloud and precipitation analysis using a Millimeter-wave backscatter from snowcover 1981. Report on the IGOSS (Integrated Global Ocean minicomputer p 42 A8643615 Services System) Sea Level Pilot Pr-t [AD-A163821I p 58 N86-25084 MICROWAVE SENSORS [AD-A163061] p 38 N86-25104 Federal agency satellite requirements Observations of the polar regions from satellites using MARINE BIOLOGY [AD-A165071] p 59 N86-27410 active and passive microwave techniques A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite p 28 A86-33489 the mid-Atlantic bight Program (DMSP) and the NOAA Polar-orbitingoperational Passive microwave soil moisture research [ NASA-CR-I772651 p39 N86-26670 Environmental Satellite (POES) program p 2 A86-33504 MARINE CHEMISTRY [ AD-A1651 181 p 59 N86-27413 The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing Investigation of the content of trace elements in sea NOAA satellite requirements forecast [sua1 p 56 N86-23025 aerosols and the surface microlayer off sea water [AD-A165244] p 40 N86-27414 Strategies for the calibration and operational use of the p32 A8644754 Satellitederived moisture profiles ERS-1 SAR wave mode MARINE ENVIRONMENTS [NOAA-NESDIS-24] p44 NE627703 [JHUIAPLISW7565] p 35 N86-23207 The Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) - Some Optimum management strategies for the NOAA MICROWAVE SOUNDING questions answered p25 A8632556 (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Position fixing afloat --- coordinate determination at Remote sensing of vertical moisture profiles and cloud polarorbiing operational environmental satellites, properties from simulated millimeter wave sounder and sea p33 A6636788 1965-2000. Volume 1 Ducks Unlimited Joint Research Project miwowave imager data p53 A8633547 [AD-A165143] p59 N86-28007 [ NASA-TM-687551 p 14 N86-25032 MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION An investigation of the marhe boundary layer during METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES Estimation of the weight of vegetation using microwave Technological improvements naval aviation weather cold air outbreak to transmission measurements p3 A8633524 [ NASA-CR-1772871 p 39 N86-26758 support p34 A8637506 MINERAL DEPOSITS MARINE METEOROLOGY The ARGOS system for positioning and data collection Lineament analysis in a test area of northern Structural features of the easterly jet stream according by satellite - Characteristics and performance levels Mozambique p20 A86-33520 to satellite data p 26 A86-33315 p56 A8639559 MINERAL EXPLORATION Seasat microwave wind and rain observations in severe METEOROLOGY Comparison between Landsat MSS and Thematic tropical and midlatitude marine storms USSR report: Earth sciences Mapper data for geobotanical prospecting in the p 27 A8633486 [ JPRS-UES-86-0041 p 34 N86-23017 Spanish-Portuguesepyrite Belt p7 A86-33628 Precipitation in tropical cyclones p 28 A86-33490 Relationships between surface observations over the Statistkal lineament analysis in South Greenland based A median filter approach for correcting errors in a vector global Oceans and the southern oscillation on Landsat imagery p 22 A8645676 field p 29 A8643601 [PB86-110038] p 35 N86-24112 Aspects of the gealogcal interpretation of geophysical Waves predicted by the Global Spectral Ocean Wave Sea ice dynamics and regional meteorologyfor the Arctic fields and results of air and space remote-sensing model off the west coast of Chile during the SIR-B polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 observations of oil-and-gas-bearingterritories mission p 30 A86-33608 [PB86-148038] p 38 N86-25939 p 23 A86-36510 A simple, objective analysis scheme for scatterometer METHANE Application of spaceborne and airborne techniques in data Seasat A satellite observation of wind over --_ Small format, oblique, colour aerial photography - An mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastern Desert, p 32 A8635550 ocean aid to the location of methane seepage Egypt p23 A86-37865 Estimation of monthly rainlall from satelliteobserved p 11 A8646783 cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific MISSION PLANNING MEXICO ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite p 43 A86-36234 Application of LANDSAT TM images to assess MARSHLANDS requirements p 59 N86-26355 circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons [NASA-TM-88752] The study of the natural geographic ditferences in the [NASA-CR-177315] P44 N86-26665 coastal areas of water covered parts of Marmara region MICROWAVE EMISSION MIXING in Turkey with the help of Landsat-4 MSS data using an Microwave emission from row crops p 9 A86-35681 An investigation of the marine boundary layer during unsupervised classification algorithm with Euclidean MICROWAVE IMAGERY Cold air outbreak distance p 43 A86-37012 Microwave remote sensing of agricultural crops in [NASA-CR-177249] p 41 N86-27838 MATHEMATICAL MODELS Canada p 1 A8630190 MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics Multifrequency observations of brightness temperature A technique for assessky the severity of terrain in a borealforest - Relationshipbetween Thematic Mapper of artificial new and young sea ice p 28 A86-33514 shadowing in mobile satellite service p 51 A8639545 band reflectance and leaf area index for Aspen Classification of geophysical parameters using passive MODELS p8 A86-35677 microwave satellite measurements p 47 A86-33626 Site selection and directional models of deserts used Preliminary assessment of soil moisture over MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS for ERBE validation targets Vegetation Determination of the moisture content of nonuniformly [NASA-TP-2540] p 57 N86-23160 moistened soils with a surface transition layer on the basis [NASA-CR-177226] p 15 N86-27704 MOISTURE An investigation of the marine boundary layer during of microwave spectroradiometry p 2 A86-32684 Reduction of weather effects in the calculation of sea A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of cold air outbreak momentum, heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine [NASA-CR-177249] p 41 N86-27838 ice concentration from microwave radiances p 26 A86-33104 atmospheric boundarv layer from satellite measurable MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATES parameters An improved hybrid classifier --.for remote sensing Sea surface temperature determinations p A8643487 [NASA-CR-177283] p 41 N86-27837 p8 A86-34744 28 Possible applications of the microwaves surface soil MOISTURE CONTENT MEDITERRANEAN SEA Determination of the moisture content of nonuniformly An atlas of original and mercator-transformed moisture remote sensing p6 A8633582 An aihrne multiple-beam 1.4 GHz pushbroom moistened soils with a surface transition layer on the basis satellitedata images of the Alboran Sea. August-October of microwave spectroradiometiy p 2 A86-32684 1983 microwave radiometer p6 A86-33583 Microwave backscatter and emission observed from Utilization of act~e microwave roughness [AD-A161898] p 36 NE624170 Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz measurementsto improve passive microwave soil moisture Contributions to the oceanography of the western radiometer p53 AM-33584 estimates over bare soils p8 A86-35679 Alboran Sea Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer Satellitederived moisture profiles [ AD-A16201 91 p37 N8624173 (€STAR) system design, calibration. and sensiti [NOAA-NESDIS-24] p44 N86-27703 MESOSCALE PHENOMENA p53 A8633588 Hydrographk data frm ttre OPTOMA program. Push-broom microwave radiometer systems for space Preliminary assessment of soil moisture over OPTOMAl7: OPTOMA17 P. 21 July 1985, OPTOMA17 applications p53 A8633589 vegetation I@DI, 10-22 August 1985.OPTOMA17 leg 011.23 August Huh resolution millimeter-wave imaging sensor [NASA-CR-1772261 p 15 N86-27704 - 5 September 1985 p54 A8633590 A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of [AD-A162067] p37 NE624176 Remote sensing of snow water equivalent using momentum. heat, and moisture of the cloud-topped marine Characteristics of western region flash flood events in Nimbus-7 SMMR data p42 A8633616 atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable GOES imagery and conventional data The estimation of atmospheric effects for SPOT using parameters [NOAA-TM-NESDIS131 p44 N86-26668 AVHRR channel-I data p47 AM-34738 [NASA-CR-177290] p41 NE627853

A-10 SUBJECT INDEX OCEAN SURFACE

MOMENTUM NEARSHORE WAER Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of Determination 01 sea spectral reflectance from airborne Oceans momentum, heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine measurements p 26 A86-32683 [NASA-TM-87773] p 39 N86-26782 atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable Directional ocean wave spectra obtained from the OCEANCURRENTS parameters Shuttle Imaging Radar off the coast of Chile Near-surface water circulation in the sub-Arctic frontal [ NASA-CR-1772831 p 41 N86-27837 p 30 A8633612 zone (according to satellite data) p 25 A8632676 MONSOONS NEVADA Some features of small-scale Ocean eddies according Evolution of the net surface shortwave radiation over The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic to an analysis of satellite images p 25 A86-32677 the Indian Ocean during summer MONEX (1979) A rocks of the Black Mountain. Stonewall Mountain and Kane - Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the satellite description p26 A86-33120 Springs Wash volcanic centers in southern Nevada westem part 01 the Black Sea p 26 A86-32679 [NASA-CR-176805] p24 NE625912 MORPHOLOGY Optimal disposition of satellite-tracked drifting buoys in Thematic mapper studies of Andean volcanoes NEW MEXICO the South Atlantic p 31 A8634488 [NASAGR-176807] p 24 N86-25866 Stable-isotope studies of groundwaters in southeastern Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic MULTISENSOR APPLICATIONS New Mexico drifting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 Processing of multi-sensor remotely sensed data to a [DE860025901 p 43 N86-23027 [INPE-3793-PREI888] p36 N86-24166 standard geocoded format p 50 A8637019 NIMBUS 7 SATELLITE MULTISPECTRAL BAND SCANNERS The 1978 oceanic trilogy - Seasat. Nimbus-7, and Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA program, Techniques for multispectral image classification TIROS-N p 27 A86-33482 OPTOMAl7: OPTOMA17 P, 21 July 1985. OPTOMA17 leg DI, 10-22 August 1985.OPTOMAl7 leg 23 August p 44 A8632337 NITROGEN DIOXIDE DII. Evaluation of Landsat MSS bands and transformations SAGE observations of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide .5 September 1985 for detecting heavy metal stress in forest-covered areas p55 A8636838 [ AD-AI 620671 p 37 N86-24176 p7 A86-33629 NOM SATELLITES Studies related to ocean dynamics. Task 3.2: Aircraft Analysis of effectie radiant temperatures in a Pacific Experimenlson the remote temperature sounding of the Field Test Program to investigate the ability of remote Northwest forest using Thermal Infrared Multispectral atmosphere on the basis of NOAA-satellite radiometer sensing methods to measure currenthind-wave Scanner data p9 A86-36042 measurements p 52 A8633318 interactions Distinguishing among tallgrass prairie cover types from NOAA plans for remote sensing of the earth, oceans [NASA-CR-168349] p38 N86-25100 measurements of multispectral reflectance and atmosphere p52 A86-33502 Investigation of ice dynamics in the marginal ice zone p10 A8636047 Integration of high and low resolution satellite data for [ AD-A1643641 p 36 N66-25962 Choice of spectral bands for a spaceborne multispectral crop condition assessment p 12 A8637020 OCEAN DATA ACQUISITIONS SYSTEMS scanner p 55 A86-36514 Hydrologic and land sciences applications of NOAA Technological improvements to naval aviation weather An information measure for class discrimination --- in polar-orbiting satellite data p 43 N86-23993 support p34 A8637506 remote sensing of crop observation p 11 A8636789 Federal agency satellite requirements Strategies for the calibration and operational use of the Multispectral change detection using difference [AD-A165071I p 59 N86-27410 ERS-1 SAR wave mode classification and bitemporal classification Operational satellite support to scientific programs [ JHUIAPLISDO-75651 p35 NE623207 p 49 A8637004 [AD-A165081I p 59 N66-27412 OCEAN DYNAMICS Estimation of the location parameter of a multispectral Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellie Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the distribution by a median operator p 49 A86-37006 Program (DMSP) and the NOAA Polar-orbitingOperational westem part of the Black Sea p 26 A86-32679 Hydrologic modeling using Landsat MSS data Environmental Satellite (POES) program ObSeNatiOn of internal waves and seismic waves in the p 43 A86-37010 [AD-A1651181 p 59 N86-27413 Sicilian Channel p 27 A86-33392

A measuring reference system to quantify the NOAA satellite requirements forecast Marginal ice zone experiment ~ 1984. physical desertification process in a semiarid ecosystem based on [ AD-A1652441 p 40 N86-27414 oceanography report: USNS Lynch and helicopter-based Landsat MSS data p 16 A863701 1 Optimum management strategies for the NOM STD data Hierarchicalclassification of multitemporalImultispectral (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) [ AD-A1630961 p 37 N86-24180 scanner data p 49 A86-37017 polar-orbiting operational environmental satellites, Physical oceanography report: Camp-based and Processing of multi-sensor remotely sensed data to a 1985-2000. Volume 1 helicopter-based STD data from the drifting ice station standard geocoded format p 50 A8637019 [AD-AI 651 431 p59 N86-28007 FRAM 3 Integration of high and low resolution Satellite data for NOISE (SOUND) [ AD-A1630971 p 37 N86-24181 crop condition assessment p 12 A8637020 A study of saa ice kinematics and their relationship to Investigation of ice dynamics in the marginal ice zone Landsat MSS and airborne geophysical data combined arctic ambient noise. Part 3, Section 1: Ambient noise. [AD-A1M364] p38 NE625962 for mapping granite in southwest Nova Scotia Section 2 Ambient noise Remote sensing and oceanographic equipment p 23 A8637021 [ AD-A1653041 p 39 N86-26786 technology: Some present systems and future needs, Agricultural applications for thermal infrared A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to revised multispectral scanner data p 12 A86-37034 arctii ambient noise. Part 3. section 3 Ambient noise [PB86-156502] p 40 N86-26791 Use of SIR-A and Landsat MSS data in mapping shrub [AD-A165305] p 40 N86-26789 Operational satellite support to scientific programs and intershrub vegetation at Koonamore, South Australia [AD-A165081] p 59 N86-27412 NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS OCEAN MODELS p 13 A8639003 Nonparametric models and crop classification Waves predicted by the Global Spectral Ocean Wave Rectification of scanner images using prediction p6 A86-33622 approaches --- airborne scanners model off the west coast of Chile during the SIR-B NORTH SEA [SER-C-303] p 57 N86-23992 mission p30 A86-33608 Archimedes project remote sensing of oil spills North MOMS41 (Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospheric Sea experiment, October 1983. Report on DFVLR Scanner) for Earth observation: First results of STS-7 turbulence and sea roughness with reference to the study (Side-LookingAirborne Radar (SLAR) contribution mission p57 N86-24003 of complex systems --- for flight control MULTISPECTRAL LINEAR ARRAYS [DFVLR-FB-85-54] p35 N86-24002 p33 A8636480 Processing of multi-sensor remotely sensed data to a NORTHERN HEMISPHERE Investigation of ice dynamics in the marginal ice zone standard geocoded format p 50 A8637019 NOAA Atlas: An atlas of satellite-derived Northern [ AD-A1643641 p 38 N86-25962 MULTISPECTRAL PHOTOGRAPHY Hemispheric snow cove( frequency p 44 N86-24075 OCEANSURFACE A non-stationary contextual classifier with improved NOVA SCOTIA The design, construction and early trials of a novel accuracy -.-lor multispectral data p 47 A86-33621 Landsat MSS and airborne geophysical data combined airborne surveillance radar p 25 A8632635 Spatial enhancement techniques for multichannel for mapping granite in southwest Nova Scotia Determination of sea spectral reflectancefrom airborne satellite imagery p 47 A8633639 p 23 A8637021 measurements p 26 A8632683 Computer processing of spectrally superposed data _.. NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Evolution of the net surface shortwave radiation over subroutines for MSS remote sensing p 49 A86-36518 Application of LANDSAT TM images to assess thie Indian Ocean during summer MONEX (1979) - A A clusterina-- alaorithm for remote sensino multisDectral circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons satellite description p 26 A8633120 data piA86137033 [NASA-CR-177315] p44 N86-26665 The 1978 oceanic trilogy - Seasat, Nimbus-7, and MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS NUMERICAL WEATHER FORECASTING TIROSN p 27 A86-33482 Multisource data analysis in remote sensina and GLAS experiments on the impact of FGGE satellite data Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo geographic information pricessing p 50 A86-57022 on numerical weather prediction p 57 N86-24128 p27 A8633483 On the information content of multispectral radiance Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the Oceanic surface winds p 27 A8633484 measurements over an Ocean --- ESA programs Global Weather Experiment: Current Achievements and Surface and internal ocean wave observations [GKSS-85/E/43] p 40 N86-27697 Future Directions, volume 2. pan 2 p 27 A86-33485 [NASA-CR-176722] p 36 N86-24142 Spectral measurements in support of SIR-B using the Surface Contour Radar --- for South Pacific NUTRIENTS p30 A8633609 N Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condition Simulations of SAR wave spectra using high spectral and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A6637036 NASA PROGRAMS resolution estimates from the SCR and ROWS Spaceborne Imaging Radar (SIR) project instruments p 30 A86-33611 p 53 A8643586 Investigation of the content of trace elements in sea NAVIGATION AIDS 0 aerosols and the surface microlayer off sea water Map digitization offers new possibilities P 32 A8634754 [ NLR-MP-84061-U] p 51 N86-23028 OCEAN BOTTOM Intensity modulation in SAR images of internal waves NAVSTAR SATELLITES Evidence for small-scale mantle convection from Seasat p 32 A8635531 Commercial applications of the Navstar Global altimeter data p 25 A8631976 Microwave radiometry for oil pollution monitoring, Positioning System p 54 A86-341 12 The etlectiie elastic lihosphere under the Cook-Austral measurements, and systems p 32 A86-35682 NAVY and Society islands p 25 A8632267 Gravity anomalies and sea surface heights derived from Technological improvements to naval aviation weather Salyut-6 observation of Color and brightness contrasts a combined GEOS 3ISeasat altimeter data set support p 34 A8637506 correlated with ocean-bottom relief D 26 A8632678 p 33 A86-36096

A-1 1 OCEANOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS SUBJECT INDEX

Position fixing afloat --- amrdinate determination at OIL EXPLORATION PERMllTlVlTY sea p33 A8636788 Method for the quantitative estimation of convergence 100 MHz dielectric constant measurements of snow Remote sensing with the Jindalee skywave radar in mapping in the case of the interpretation of space cover Dependence on environmental and snow pack p33 A86-36954 photographs of oil-and-gas-bearingregions of Siberia parameters p 42 A8633613

ERS-1 ~ Our new window on the Oceans for the 1990s p 23 A8636505 PETROLOGY p 34 A86-38718 The use of remotesensing data to predict regional and What are the best radar wavelengths, incidence angles Monthly maps of sea level anomalies in the Pacific, 1975 local oil-andgas-bearing structures within the and polarizations for geologic applications? A statistical 1981. Report on the IGOSS (Integrated Global Ocean Dneprovsk-Donetskpaleocifl p23 A8636508 approach p21 A8633592 Setvices System) Sea Level Pilot Prokt Combination of air and space remote-sensing methods Thematic mapper studiis of Andean VOICBM)~~ [ADA1630611 p38 N8625104 and geologicalgeophysical methods for the purpose of [NASA-CR-176807] p24 N86-25868 On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget oil and gas exploration in the southern Permsk region PHOTOGEOLOGY p40 N8627695 p23 A8636509 Use of Seasat SAR imagery for geological mapping in OCEANOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS Oil and gas technologies for the Arctic and deepwater a volcanic terrain ~ Askja Caldera, Iceland Integrated global monitoring of the world Ocean. [PEW1199481 p 24 N86-23030 p 19 A8630189 Features of geological application of space data Volumes 1.2.8 3 --- Russian book p 24 A8631350 OIL FIELDS the p 19 A86-32680 The Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) - Some Oil and gas technologies for the Arctic and deepwater Interpretation of ring structures on space images and questions answered p 25 A8632556 [PB86-1 199481 p24 NE623030 their correlation with geophysical fields and crustal Some features of small-scale Ocean eddies according OIL POLLUTION to an analysis of satellite images p 25 A8632677 structure in the USSR p19 A8632681 Microwave radiometry for oil pollution monitoring, Application of space imagery to the identification and NOM plans for remote sensing of the earth. Oceans measurements, and systems p32 A86-35682 geologicalgeophysical study of hidden plutons in early and atmosphere p52 A86-33502 Archimedes project remote sensing of oil spills North Proterozoic troughs p20 A8632682 Design and beneMs of a rnultibeam Earth Obsefving Sea experiment, October 1983. Report on DFVLR Computer-aidedinterpretation of space images with the Radar p29 A8633591 (Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SIAR) contribution aim of structural analysis p20 A8632690 The spatial evolution of SAR derived wave spectra in DFVLR-FB-65-54] p35 N86-24002 A preliminary analysis of Landsat MSS and TM data in the vicinity of Hurricane IVA p30 A8633602 OIL SLICKS the Levack area, Sudbury. Canada p 20 A86-33519 The SIR-B Extreme Waves Experiment in the southern Satellite thermal observation of oil slicks on the Persian Spectroscopy of Moses Rock dike using remote Oceans p 30 A8633607 Gulf p33 A8636048 sensing p 21 A8633521 Spectral measurements in support of SIR-B using the A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters Geological mapping potential of computer-enhanced Surface Contour Radar --- for South Pacific [AD-A1646791 p 39 NE626716 images from the Shuttle Imaging Radar - Lisbon Valley p30 A8633609 ONBOARD DATA PROCESSING Anticline, Utah p22 A86-36083 Satellite imaging of coastal flow circulation in relation On-board data compression for advanced Landsat Methods of combined air and space remote-sensing to numerical modelling p 31 A8633631 p45 A86-32368 studies of Siberia p22 A86-36501 Optimal disposition of satellitetracked drifting buoys in ONBOARD EQUIPMENT Problems and principles of the geological interpretation the South Atlantic p31 A86-34488 International coordination of and contributions to of remotesensing data p22 A8636502 Combined structural and geomorphologicalmethods for Estimation of sea-surface temperature from AVHRR environmental satellite programs processing of aerial and space photographic data Comments on the papet by Singh et al. (1985) [AD-A165142] pB0 N86-28016 the remote-sensing data with the aim of solving geological p31 A8634743 OPERATIONAL CALCULUS Operational methods for data interpolation proMems p22 A8636503 ERS-1 - Our new window on the Oceans for the 1990s Method for the quantitative estimation of convergence p 34 A86-38718 [ DE85-0160501 p34 N86-15969 OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS in mapping in the case of the interpretation of space Marginal ice zone experiment - 1984, physical photographs of oil-andgas-bearingregions of Siberia Oceanography report: USNS Lynch and helicopter-based Studies of complex terrain wind flows using acoustic sounder and optical cross-wind remote sensors p23 A86-36505 STD data Quantitative assessment of the information content of [ ADA1630961 p 37 N86-24180 [ DE860029931 p58 N8625925 OPTICAL RADAR TV images of differentscale on the example of disjunctivas Physical oceanography report: Camp-based and Lidar observations of the planelary boundary layer of Siberia p23 A%-36506 heliter-based STD data from the drifting ice station p 29 A8633532 Methods for the remota sensing of transition zones of FRAM 3 Analysis of airborne Doppler liar, Doppler radar and the junction of Siberian platforms and orogens [ADA1630971 p37 N8624181 tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent p23 A8636507 Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic. collection of and stormy weather The use of remote-sensing data to predict regional and articles. vol. 57, 1981 [NASA-CR-39601 p 56 NE623159 local oil-andgas-bearing structures within the [PB86106994] p37 N86-24182 Transport processes as manifested in satellite and lidar Dneprovsk-Donetskpaleorin p23 A8636508 On the information content of multispectral radiance aerosol measurements p 17 N86-27788 Combination of air and space remote-sensing methods measurements over an Ocean --- ESA programs ORCHARDS and geological-geophysical methods for the purpose of [GKSS-85/E/43] p 40 N86-27697 A texture-enhancement procedure for separating oil and gas exploration in the southern Permsk region OCEANOGRAPHY orchard from forest in Thematic Mapper data p 23 A8636509 Satellite Oceanic remote sensing p 27 A8633481 p 2 A8630198 Aspects of the geological interpretation of geophysical fields and results of air and space remote-sensing The 1978 oceanic trilogy - Seasat, Nimbus-7, and ORGANIZATIONS observations of oil-andgas-bearing territories TIROS-N p27 A86-33482 A multi-national consortium opportunity for remote p 23 A8636510 Accuracy estimate of geoid and ocean topography sensing p 58 A8634111 OSCILLATIONS Application of spaceborne and airborne techniques in recovered jantly from satellite altimetry mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastern Desert, p32 A86-35278 Relationships between surface observations over the EwPt p23 A8637865 USSR report: Earth sciences global Oceans and the southern oscillation [ PB86110038] p 35 N88-24112 PHOTOGRAMMETRY [ JPRS-UES-86-0041 p 34 N86-23017 Photogrammetry and remote sensing in periglacial Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference geomorphology p20 A8633517

and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and P Slope-intercept-density plots ~ A n%w method for line Development Activity. NSTL. MS. on June 11-14, 1985 detection in images --- in pixels p 46 AM-33600 [ ADA1 625781 p 34 N86-23203 PACIFIC OCEAN Practical photogrammetry from 35-mm aerial An atlas of original and mercator-transformed The effective elastic lithosphere under the Cook-Austral photography p55 A8636080 satellitedata images of the Alboran Sea. August-October and Society islands p25 A8632267 Research, investigations and technical developments: 1983 Near-surface water circulation in the sub-Arctic frontal National mapping program. 1983.1964 [ AD-A1 61 8981 p 36 N86-24170 zone (according to satellite data) p 25 A86-32676 [ PB86-1660971 p 17 N86-26675 Contributions to the oceanography of the western Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA program, PHOTOINTERPRETATION Albcfan Sea OPTOMAl7: OPTOMAl7 P, 21 July 1985. OPTOMAl7 A texture-enhancement procedure for separating [ADA1620191 p37 N86-24173 leg DI. 10-22 August 1985.OPTOMA17 leg Dll. 23 August orchard from forest in Thematic Mapper data Management information (Wave Propagation - 5 September 1985 p 2 A8630198 Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado) [ADA1620671 p37 NE624176 Interpretation of ring structures on space images and [PEE61395241 p38 N86-25106 PALEONTOLOGY their correlation with geophysical fields and crustal Sea ice dynamics and regional meteorologyfor the Arctic Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians - structure in the USSR p 19 A8632681 polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 Some new methods and techniques for paleostress Application of space imagery to the identification and geological-geophysical study of hidden plutons in early [PB86-148038] p 38 N86-25939 analysis p 20 A8633518 International coordination of and contributions to PARALLEL PROCESSING (COMPUTERS) Proterozoic troughs p20 A8632682 Extendedtesting of a general contextual classifier using A histogram as the basis of the statistical classification environmental satellite programs massively parallel processor - Preliminary results and of images p45 A86-32688 [ADA1651421 p 60 N86-28016 the test plans --- for thematic mapping p 54 A86-33623 Computer-aided interpretation of space images with the OCEANS PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION aim of structural analysis p20 A86-32690 Navstar GPS (Global Positioning System) accuracy while Estimation of location parameter of a multispectral Context classifier -- pixel classification theory and surveying mays of deep ocean transponders the distribution by a median operator p 49 A8637006 algorithms p 46 A8633535 [ADA1633641 p 38 N86-26313 PASSIVE L-BAND RADIOMETERS Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging objective analysis of tilfields in the Atlantic and Indian Utilization of active microwave roughness radar p5 A8633565 Oceans measurements to improvepassive microwavesoil moisture Approaches to computer reasoning in remote sensing [NASA-TM-87773] p 39 N86-26782 estimates over bare soils p8 A8635679 and geographic information processing - A Survey OFFSHORE ENERGY SOURCES Aircraft and satellite passive microwave observations p 16 A8633595 Oil and gas technologies for the Arctic and deepwater of the Bering Sea ice wver during MlZEX West The development of an MSS satellite imagery [PEE61 199481 p 24 N86-23030 p32 A8635683 classificationexpert system p46 A8633596 A-12 SUBJECT INDEX RADAR IMAGERY

Surface material classification based on spectral Evaluation of Landsat MSS bands and transformations Remote sensing investigations of wetland biomass and Shape p6 A86-33598 for detecting heavy metal stress in forestcovered areas productivity for global biosystems research Evaluation of crop acreage estimation methods using p7 A8643629 [NASA-CR-176725] p 14 N86-23994 Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 A86-33606 PLANTS (BOTANY) PULSE RADAR A non-stationary contextual classifier with improved The influence of observabonal interdependence on Topogrephi mapping from interferometric synthetic accuracy --for multispectral data p 47 A86-33621 spectral reflectance relationships with plant and soil aperture radar observations p 18 A8636099 Nonparametric models and crop classification variables p2 A8640196 PUSHBROOY SENSOR MDDES p6 A86-33622 The tasseled cap - Size. shape and ciientatim changes An airborne multiple-beam 1.4 GHz pushbroom due to soil background in soil brightness-plant Extended testing of a general contextual classifier using -- microwave radiometer p6 A86-33583 greenness plane p 12 A86-37035 massively parallel processor. Preliminary results and Push-broom microwave radiometer systems for space the Separation of soil-plant spectral mixtures by factor test plans - for thematic mapping p 54 A86-33623 applications p53 A8633589 analysis p13 A86-39147 Land use mapping using edge density ternre measures Vegetation and environmental gradients of the Prudhoe on Thematic Mapper simulator data p 47 A86-33624 Bay region. Alaska R An imprwed hybrid classifier ._-for remote sensing [AD-A1620221 p 17 NE624034 p8 A8634744 PLATES (TECTONICS) RADAR CROSS SECTiONS Problems and principles of the geological interpretation Evidence for small-scale mantle convection from Seasat Open Ocean radar sea scatter measurements of remote-sensing data p22 A86-36502 altimeter data p 25 A8631976 p25 A8632599 Method for the quantitative estimation of mergence Plate moms and deformations from geologic and Lithologic signatures in multichannel SAR imagery in mapping in the case of the interpretation of space geodetic data p45 A86-33522 photographs of oil-andqas-bearingregions of Siberia [ NASA-CR-1772991 p 18 N86-26741 Description of a databank of normalized radar cross p23 A86-36505 Plate motions and deformatbns from geologic and section of twain p45 Am-33526 Combination of air and space remote-sensing methods geodetic data RADAR DATA and geologicalgeophysical methods for the purpose of [ NASA-CR-1773131 p 19 N86-27833 Applicatm of Shuttle imaging radar data for land use oil and gas exploration in the southern Permsk region POUR METEOROLOOY investigations p51 A8639150 p23 A86-36509 International coordination of and contributions to RADAR DETECTION Aspects of the geological interpretation of geophysical environmental satellite programs Radar sounding of ice masses containing liquid water fields and results of air and space remote-sensing [ AD-A1651 421 p 60 N86-28016 p 30 A8633619 observations of oil-and-gas-bearingterritories POLAR NAVIGATION RADARECHOES p23 A8636510 Proceedings of the Arctic Ocasnography Conference Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo Statistical approach to the classification of objects on and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and p27 A86-33483 air and space remote-sensing images Development Actii, NSTL. MS. on June 11-14, 1985 Remote sen- with the Jindalee skywave radar p 48 A8636515 [ ADA1625781 p34 NE623203 p33 A8838954 A clustering algorithm for remote sensing multispectral POLAR ORBITS RADAR EOUIPMENT data p51 A86-37033 Hydrologic and land sciences applications of NOAA The design, construction and early trials of a novel Thematic mapper research in the Earth sciences: polar-wbiting satellite data p43 N86-23993 airborne surveillance radar p25 A8832635 Tectonic evaluation of the Nubian Shield of northeastern Optimum management strategies for the NOM RADAR GEOLOOY Sudanlswtheastern Egypt using themati mapper (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Evidence for small-scale mantle convection from Seasat imagery polar-orbiting operational environmental satellites. altimeter data p 25 AM-31976 [NASA-CR-177311] p24 N86-26740 1985-2OOO. Volume 1 Observation of internal waves and seismic waves in the PHOTOMAPPING [ AD-A1651433 p59 N86-28007 Sicilian Channel p27 M88-33392 Vegetation index and possibility of complementary POLARIZATION (WAVES) RADAR IMAGERY parameters from AVHRRl2 p2 A8630197 Polarization photometer to measure bidirectional Usa of Seasat SAR imagery for geo1og.d mapping in Possibility of small-scale physicogeographical reflectance factor R(55 deg. 0 deg. 55 deg, 180 deg) of a volcanic terrain - Askja Caldera, Iceland regionalization using space spectromeby data leaves p9 A86-35748 p19 A86-30189 p 16 A8630974 POLARIZATION CHARACTERISTICS Microwave remote sensing of agricultural crops in Formation of a digital data base for automated forest Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging Canada p 1 A8630190 mapping p2 A8632689 radar p5 A8643565 Preliminafy analysis of SIR-E images for stereo Slope-intercept-density plots - A new method for li POLLUTIOW MONITORING applications p45 A86-33515 detection in images --- in pixels p 46 A86-33600 Microwave radiometry for oil pollution monitoring, Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-E radar measurements. and systems p32 A8635682 Problems with global mapping p 48 A86-35111 data ~ Preliminary results p21 A8633552 Geological mapping potential of computer-enhanced Satellite thsnnal observation of oil slicks on the Persian Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging images from the Shuttle Imaging Radar - Lisbon Valley Gulf p33 A86-36048 radar p5 A8633565 Anticline, Utah p22 A86-36083 Field and airborne spectral characterizatinof suspected Spaceborne Imaging Radar (SIR) prokt Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic damage in red spruce (picea rubens) from Vermont p53 A86-33586 aperture radar observations p 18 A86-36099 p 11 A8637008 What are the best radar wavelengths, incidence angles Landsat Thematic Mapper gembetic accwacy - Archimedes project remole sensmg of oil spills North and polarizations for geologic applications? A statistkd

Implications for geocoded map compatibility Sea exDeriment. October 1983. ReDOrt on DFVLR~ approach p 21 A8633592 p 18 A8637024 (Side-Looking AikRadar (SLAR) contribution Analysis of L-band multiarizatlnradar iamges for lava PHOTOMETERS [ DFVLR-FB-85-54] p35 N86-24002 flow mapping p 21 A86-33593 Polarization photometer to measure bidirectional POROSITY Multipolarization SAR data for surface feature reflectance factor R(55 deg, 0 deg. 55 deg, 180 deg) of Stable-isotope studies of groundwaters in southeastern delineation p46 A8643594 leaves p9 A8645748 New Mexico Simulations of SAR wave spectra using high spectral PLAN POSITION INDICATORS [DE86-002590] p43 Ne623027 resolution estimates from the SCR and ROWS The design, construction and early trials of a novel POSITION (LOCATION) instruments p 30 A864361 1 airborne surveillance radar p25 A86-32635 Position fixing afloat .--cowdinate determination at Directional ocean wave spectra obtained from the PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER sea p33 A86-36788 Shuttle Imaging Radar off the coast of Chile Lidar observations of the planetary bwndary layer POSlTlONlNG p 30 A86-33612 p29 A86-33532 Navstar GPS (Global PositioningSystem) accuracy while SAR image segmentationusing digitised field boundaries PLANETARYCRATERS surveying arrays of deep ocean transponders for crop mapping and monitoting applications Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-E radar [ADA1633641 p 38 N86-26313 p7 A86-33625 data - Preliminary results p21 A86-33552 POWER SPECTRA \High speed image processing system with custom VLSl PLANETARY WAVES Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction end for DSP --_ Digital Signal Processor p 54 A86-33641 Transient response to localized episodic heating in the sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic Intensity modulation in SAR images of internal waves tropics p 51 N86-27749 Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters p 32 A86-35531 PLANKTON [ADA1655521 p 38 N86-26517 Geological mapping potential of computer-enhanced Ocean color measurements p28 A86-33488 PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY) images from the Shuttle Imaging Radar - Lisbon Valley A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within Optimized retrievals of precipitable water fields from Anticline, Utah p22 A86-36083 the mid-Atlantic bght combinations of VAS satellite and conventional surface Analysis of data acquired by Shuttle Imaging Radar [NASAGR-177265] p39 N86-26670 observations p 43 A8636193 SIR-A and Landsat Thematic Mapper Over Ealdwin County, Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the Satellite cloud and pcecipitatbn anaiysis using a Alabama p 12 AB637018 mid-Atlantic Bight during the 1979 spring bloom minicomputer Radar image simulation as a tool to analyze topographic [ NASA-TM-887821 p41 N86-27699 [AD-A163821I p 58 N86-25084 effects on geometry and radiometry of radar imagery High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within PREDICTION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES p50 A86-37026 the mid-Atlantic Eight Synoptic shipboard, aircraft, and Waves predicted by the Global Spectral Ocean Wave Preliminary science results from the Shuttle Imaging in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment model off the west coast of Chile during the SIR-E Radar-E p50 A8837027 [NASA-TM-88765] p41 N86-27700 mission p30 A86-33608 The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing PLANNING Rectification of scanner images using prediction [SU-84] p56 NE623025 NOAA satellite requirements forecast approaches -_-airborne 8cBnners Archimedes project remote sensing of oil spills North [ADA1652441 p40 N86-27414 [SER-C303] p57 NE623992 Sea experiment, October 1983. Report on DFVLR PLANT STRESS Spectroradiometric msiderabns for advanced land (Side-LookingAirborne Radar (SUR) contribution Detection and evaluation of plant stresses for crop obsecving systems IDFVLR-FE-85-541 p35 N86-24002 management decisions p5 A8633578 [NASA-CR-177205] p58 N86-27705 Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and Comparison between Landsat MSS and Thematic PRODUCTIVITY sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic Mapper data for gec4otanical prospecting in the Modeling the controls of forest productivity using canopy Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters Spanish-Portuguese Pyrite Belt p7 A8633628 variables pll A8637016 [ADA1655521 p 38 N86-26517

A-13 RADAR MAPS SUBJECT INDEX

RADAR MAPS Relative vertical positioning using ground-level REGRESSION ANALYSIS Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic transponders with the ERS-1 altimeter A correlation and regression analysis of precent canopy aperture radar Observations p 18 A86-33516 p 33 A8645688 closure vs. TMS spectral response lor selected forest sites Extracting sea ice data from satellite SAR imagery Gravity anomalies end sea surtace heights derived from in the San Juan National Forest. Colorado p29 A86-33560 a combined GEOS 3/Seasat altimeter data set p3 A86-33539 RADARMEASUREMENT p 33 A86-36096 Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data Open Ocean radar sea scatter measurements Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospheric and aerial photographs p 25 A8642599 turbulence and sea roughness with reference to the study [ INPE-3824-PRE/900] p 15 N86-26667 A preliminary report on the measurements of forest of complex systems _-- for flight control RELIABILITY canopies with C-band radar scatterometer at p33 A86-36480 Operational satellite support to scientific programs NASA/NSTL p 3 A86-33525 RADIO ANTENNAS [AD-A165081] p 59 N86-27412 Measurement of sea ice backscatter characteristics at Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic REMOTE SENSING 36 GHz using the surface contour radar drilting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 Agricultural and scientific space platforms .--Russian p 29 A86-33562 [ INPE-3793-PREI8881 p36 N86-24166 book p 1 A86-29843 Design and benefits of a muftibeam Earth Observing Microwave remote sensing of agricultural crops in RADIO INTERFEROMETERS Radar p 29 A86-33591 Canada p 1 A86-30190 Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic The SIR-B Extreme Waves Experiment in the southern Remote sensing lor developing countries - A case study aperture radar ObSeNatiOnS p16 A8633516 Oceans p 30 A8643607 of Tunisia p 15 A86-30195 Terrain height measurement by synthetic aperture radar Spectral measurements in support 01 SIR-B using the SPOT ~ A high-precision view of the earth Surface Contour Radar --- for South Pacific with an interferometer p 55 A8644736 p 52 A86-31222 p 30 A86-33609 RADIO WAVES Techniques for multispectral image classification Millimeter-wave backscatter from snowcover Remote sensing with the Jindalee skywave radar p 44 A86-32337 p 42 A86-33615 p 33 A8646954 The design. construction and early trials of a novel Satellite cloud and precipitation analysis using a RADIOMETERS airborne surveillance radar p 25 A86-32635 minicomputer Vegetation assessment using a combination of visible, Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the [AD-A163821I p 58 N86-25084 near-IR and thermal-IR AVHRR data p 5 A86-33577 western part of the Black Sea p 26 A8642679 RADAR SCAlTERING EOS radiometer concepts lor soil moisture remote Features of the geological application of space data Open Ocean radar sea scatter measurements sensing p 19 A8642680 p 25 A86-32599 [ NASA-CR-1778541 p 14 N86-23995 Determination of the moisture content of nonuniforrnly Radar scatternmeter probing of thick vegetation RADIOMETRIC CORRECTION moistened soils with a surface transition layer on the basis canopies p3 A66-33523 Landsat TM image lorward/reverse scan banding of microwave spectroradiometry p2 A8642684 A preliminary report on the measurements of forest Characterization and correction p 49 A86-36790 A histogram es the basis of the statistical classification canopies with Cband radar scatterometer at Radar image simulation as a tool to analyze topographic of images p 45 A86-32688 NASAINSTL p3 A86-33525 effects on geometry and radiometry of radar imagery Formation of a digital data base for automated forest Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers p 50 A86-37026 mapping p2 A86-32689 p4 A86-33554 Experimentson the remote temperature sounding 01 the Spectroradiometric considerations for advanced land Backscatter measurements from simulated resonant atmosphere on the basis of NOAA-satellite radiometer observing systems structures p4 A86-33555 measurements p 52 A86-33318 [NASA-CR-177205] p 58 N86-27705 Wind dependence of L-band radar backscatter Estimation of the accuracy of the remote determination p33 A86-35860 RADIOMETRIC RESOLUTION of Ocean surface temperature on the basis of satellite Scattering from a random layer embedded with dielectric Classification of south Texas farm and range resources measurements of outgoing thermal radiation in the needles --- for applications to coniferous vegetation using NOAA7 AVHRR satellite imagery 10.5-12.5 micron range p 27 A86-33320 p 10 A86-36045 p5 A86-33558 Satellite Oceanic remote sensing p 27 A86-33481 Regression models for vegetation radar-backscattering Integration of high and low resolution satellite data for Sea surface temperature determinations and radiometric emission p 10 A86-36046 crop condition assessment p 12 A86-37020 p 28 A66-33487 Identification of major backscattering sources in trees RAIN 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing and shrubs at 10 GHz p 13 A86-39149 Seasat microwave wind and rain observations in severe Symposium (IGARSS '85), University of Massachusetts, RADAR SIGNATURES tropical and midlatitude marine storms Amherst. October 7-9. 1985. Digest. Volumes 1 8 2 Backscatter measurements from simulated resonant p 27 A86-33486 p 52 A86-33501 structures p 4 A8643555 Precipitation in tropical cyclones p 28 A86-33490 NOAA plans lor remote sensing of the earth, Oceans An overview of the SAR internal wave signature Estimation of monthly rainfall from satellite-observed and atmosphere p 52 A86-33502 experiment p31 A86-33645 cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific Remote sensing techniques for the detection of soil SAR-observed internal wave signatures from SARSEX p 43 A86-36234 erosion and the identification of soil conservation - Initial observations p 31 A86-33646 RAINSTORMS practices p3 A86-33506 SAR Observed internal wave signatures from Characteristics of western region flash flood events in Photogrammetry and remote sensing in periglacial SARSEX-comparisons with SAR imaging models GOES imagery and conventional data geomorphology p 20 A86-33517 p 31 A86-33647 [ NOM-TM-NESDIS-131 p 44 N86-26668 Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians . Some new methods and techniques for peleostress Forest signatures imaging and non-imaging microwave in RANGERESOURCES analysis p 20 A86-33518 scatterometer data p9 A86-36037 Classification of south Texas farm and range resources Spectroscopy of Moses Rock dike using remote RADAR TRACKING using NOM7 AVHRR satellite imagery sensing p 21 A86-33521 Lidar ObSeNatiOnS of the planetary boundary layer p 5 A86-33550 Radar scatterometer probing of thick vegetation p 29 A86-33532 RANGELANDS canopies p3 A86-33523 Soil background effects on the spectral response a Remote sensing with the Jindalee skywave radar of Estimation of the weight 01 vegetation using microwave p 33 A8646954 three-component rangeland scene p 9 A86-36044 transmission measurements p3 A86-33524 REAL TIME OPERATION RADAR TRANSMllTERS Remote sensing of atmospheric pressure and sea state On-board data compression for advanced Landsat Research and development of the synthetic aperture using laser altimeters p 28 A86-33529 radar transmitter and receiver subsystem design and some ,045 A86-32368 Lidar observations of the planetary boundary layer component test results p 54 A86-33636 Operational satellite support to scientific programs p 29 A86-33532 RADIANCE [AD-A165081] p 59 "3-2741 2 Context classifier --- pixel classification theory and Site selection and directional models of deserts used REFERENCESYSTEMS algorithms p 46 A8643535 for ERBE validation targets One step above ground truth - Airphoto keys for Analysis of forest/structure using thematic mapper [NASA-TP-2540] p57 N86-23160 large-scale vegetation analysis p3 A86-33538 simulator data p4 A86-33540 Remote sensing investigations of wetland biomass and A measuring reference system to quantify the productivity for global biosystems research desertification process in a semiarid ecosystem based on California timber volume inventory using Landsat [NASA-CR-176725] p 14 N86-23994 Landsat MSS data p 16 A864701 1 p 4 A86-33541 RADIATION MEASUREMENT REFLECTANCE Passive remote sensing of stratosphenc and Estimation of the accuracy of the remote determination Spectral characterization 01 biophysical characteristics mesospheric winds p 53 A8643545 of ocean surface temperature on the basis of satellite in a borealforest - Relationship between Thematic Mapper Remote sensing of vertical moisture profiles end cloud measurements of outgoing thermal radiation in the band reflectance and leaf area index for Aspen properties from simulated millimeter wave sounder and 10.5-12.5 micron range p 27 A86-33320 p8 A86-35677 microwave imager data p 53 A8643547 RADIATIVE TRANSFER Polarization photometer to measure bidirectional Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers Assessing impacts of off-nadir observation on remote reflectance factor R(55 deg, o deg, 55 deg. 180 deg) of p4 A8643554 sensing of vegetation - Use of the Suits model leaves p9 A8645748 Backscatter measurements from simulated resonant p 1 A8640193 REFORESTATION structures p4 A86-33555 Timber Resources Inventory and Monitoring Joint Satellite remote sensing of atmospheric optical depth Near infrared leaf reflectance modeling Research Project spectrum p 55 A86-36785 p 4 A86-33556 [NASA-TM-68754] p 14 N86-25863 Spectroradiometric considerations for advanced land REGIONAL PLANNING Detection and evaluation of plant stresses for crop observing systems Timber Resources Inventory and Monitoring Joint management decisions p 5 A8643578 [NASA-CR-177205] p 58 N86-27705 Research Project Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs RADIO ALTIMETERS [NASA-TM-88754] p 14 N86-25863 from remotely sensed information p 6 A86-33579 Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo REGIONS Possible applications of the microwaves surface soil p 27 A8633483 Possibility of small-scale physicogeogrephical moisture remote sensing p6 A86-33582 Design and benefits of a multibeam Earth Observing regionalization using space spectrometry data Push-broom microweve radiometer systems for space Radar p 29 A86-33591 D 16 A8630974 applications P 53 A86-33589

A-14 SUBJECT INDEX S MATRIX THEORY

What are the best radar wavelengths, incidence angles Estimation of the location parameter of a multispectral Research on enhancing the utilization of digital and polarizations for geologic applications? A statistical distribution by a median operator p 49 A8647006 multispectral data and geographic information systems in approach p 21 A8643592 The emergence of airborne video techniques as an global habitability studies

Multipolarization SAR data for surface feature alternative for accessing tropical environments ~ A [ NASA-CR-1772941 p 17 N8626669 delineation p46 A8633594 historical perspective p56 A86-37007 Research, investigations and technical developments: Approaches to computer reasoning in remote sensing Field and airborne spectral characterization of suspected National mapping program, 1983-1984 and geographic informationprocessing - A survey damage in red spruce (picea rubens) from Vermont [PB86-166097] p 17 N86-26675 p 16 A86-33595 p 11 A86-37008 An investigation of the marine boundary layer during Surface material classification based on spectral Direction dependent interpolation of aeromagnetic cold air outbreak shape p6 A8633598 data p 23 A86-37009 [ NASA-CR-1772871 p 39 N86-26758 Slope-intercept-density plots A new method for line Hydrologic modeling using Landsat MSS data - Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian detection in images in pixels p 46 A8643600 p 43 A86-37010 _-_ Oceans Ice conditions on the Ohio and Illinois Rivers, The study of the natural geographic differences in the [NASA-TM-87773] p 39 N86-26782 1972-1985 p 42 A8643617 coastal areas of water covered parts of Marmara region Radar sounding of ice masses containing liquid water in Turkey with the help of Landsat-4 MSS data using an Remote sensing and oceanographic equipment technology: Some present systems and future needs. p 30 A8643619 IJnSUpeNised classification algorithm with Euclidean Classification of geophysical parameters using passive distance p43 A8637012 revised microwave satellite measurements p 47 A86-33626 Adding spatial considerations to the JABOWA del [ PB86-1565021 p 40 N66-26791 Spectral components analysis - A bridge between of forest growth p 11 A8647014 On the information content of multispectral radiance spectral observations and agrometeorological crop Modelingthe controls of forest productivity using canopy measurements over an Ocean .--ESA programs models p 7 A66-33627 variables p 11 A8647016 [GKSS-85/El43] p 40 N86-27697 Comparison between Landsat MSS and Thematic Hierarchicalclassification of multitemporallmultispectral Spectroradiometric considerations for advanced land Mapper data for geobotanical prospecting in the scanner data p 49 A864701 7 ObSeNing systems Spanish-Portuguese Pyrite Belt p7 A86-33626 Processing of multi-sensor remotely sensed data to a [ NASA-CR-1772051 p 58 N86-27705 Variograms and spatial variation in remotely sensed standard geocoded format p 50 A86-37019 A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of images p 47 A86-33638 Landsat MSS and airborne geophysical data combined momentum, heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine Resource monitoring oriented remote sensing data for mapping granite in southwest Nova Scotia atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable processing capabilities p 16 A8633643 p 23 A8647021 parameters A multi-national consortium opportunity fw remote Multisource data analysis in remote sensing and [NASA-CR-t772631 p41 NE627837 sensing p 58 A86-34111 geographic information processing p 50 A86-37022 An investigation of the marine boundary layer during ’New opportunities in remote sensing’ Semi-operationalidentification of agricultural crops from cold air outbreak p 58 A86-34118 airborne SLAR-data p 12 A8647025 [ NASA-CR-1772491 p 41 N86-27838 An improved hybrid classifier --- for remote sensing Preliminary science results from the Shuttle Imaging REMOTE SENSORS p8 A8644744 Radar-B p 50 A86-37027 High resolution millimeter-wave imaging sensor The SIR-C experiment Measuring new variables from Examples of the automated derivation of digital surface - p 54 A86-33590 models p 48 A86-35292 space with SAR p 50 A86-37028 Research and development of the synthetic aperture Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, 5th, Kathmandu, Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality radar transmitter and receiver Subsystem design and some Nepal, November 15-18. 1984. Proceedings p 50 A8647032 component test results p54 A8633636 p 55 A8645425 Application of spaceborne and aihrne techniques in Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastern Desert. Applications of sensor payloads p 56 A6637343 in a boreal forest - Relationshipbetween Thematic Mapper Egypt p23 A8637665 Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference band reflectance and leaf area index for Aspen ERS-I - Our new window on the oceans for the 1990s and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and p8 A8645677 p 34 A86-38718 Development Activity. NSTL, MS. on June 11-14, 1985 Microwave emission from row crops p 9 A8645681 Sun angle, view angle, and background effects on [AD-A1625781 p 34 N86-23203 Microwave radiometry for oil pollution monitoring, spectral response of simulated balsam fir canopies Studies of complex terrain wind flows using acoustic measurements, and systems p32 A86-35682 p 13 A86-39002 sounder and optical cross-wind remote sensors Polarization photometer to measure bidirectional Use of SIR-A and Landsat MSS data in mapping shrub [DE86-002993] p 58 N86-25925 reflectance factor R(55 deg. 0 deg. 55 deg. 180 deg) of and intershrub vegetation at Kwnamore. South Australia International coordination of and contributions to leaves p9 A8635746 p 13 A86-39003 environmental satellite programs Soil background effects on the spectral response 01 a Use of Thematic Mapper data to assess water quality [ AD-At 651 421 p60 NE628016 three-component rangeland scene p 9 A6646044 in Green Bay and central Lake Michigan REMOTELY PILOTED VEHICLES Scattering from a random layer embedded with dielectric p43 A86-39004 Applications of sensor payloads p 56 A8637343 needles --- for applications to coniferous vegetation Predicting tree groundline diameter from crown REQUIREMENTS p 10 A86-36045 measurements made on 35-mm aerial photography Federal agency satellite requirements Regression models for vegetation radar-backscattering p 13 A8649006 [ AD-AI 65071 ] p 59 N86-27410 Directional reflectance response in AVHRR red and and radiometric emission p 10 A86-36046 GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Distinguishing among tallgrass prairie cover types from near-IR bands for three cover types and varying Satellite)-nexl overview measurements of multispectral reflectance atmospheric conditions p 13 A86-39146 [ AD-A1650801 p 59 “186-2741 1 Separation of soil-plant spectral mixtures by factor p 10 A8646047 RESEARCH MANAGEMENT Effect 01 dew on canopy reflectance and temperature analysis p 13 A8649147 Earth science investigations in the United States Analysis of a resistanceenergy balance method for p 10 A86-36049 Antarctic Research Program (USARP) for the period July Methods 01 combined air and space remote-sensing estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using 1, 1984 - June 30, 1985 studies of Siberia p 22 A86-36501 one-time-of-day infrared temperature ObseNatiOnS [PB86-143773] p58 N86-25076 Problems and principles of the geological interpretation p 13 A8649148 Management information (Wave Propagation Identification of major backscattering sources in trees of remote-sensingdata p 22 A86-36502 Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado) Technical and software facilities at a center for the and shrubs at 10 GHz p 13 A8649149 processing 01 remote-sensing data p 48 A86-36511 The effect of the atmosphere on the satellite remote [PB66-139524] p 38 N86-25106 RESOURCESMANAGEMENT The possibility of applying different types of sensing of earth resources --- Russian book Research on enhancing the utilization of digital image-analysis software to environment-protection p 56 A86-39969 multispectral data and geographic information systems in problems -__in remote sensing p 16 A8646513 The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing global habitability studies Certain transformations in a quantitative approach to [SU-84] p 56 N86-23025 [ NASA-CR-1772941 p 17 N86-26669 image processing computer techniques for satellite Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and --- RING STRUCTURES tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent Photography p 48 A86-36517 Interpretation of ring structures on space images and Computer processing of spectrally superposed data and stormy weather _._ their correlation with geophysical fields and crustal subroutines for MSS remote sensing p 49 A8646518 [ NASA-CR-39601 p56 N86-23159 structure in the USSR p 19 A86-32681 Determination of the spectral characteristics of natural EOS radiometer concepts for soil moisture remote RIO GRANDE (NORTH AMERICA) objects on test ranges. and aspects of the efficiency of sensing Structure of the southern Rio Grande rift from gravity space systems --- Russian book p 11 A86-36697 [NASA-CR-177854] p 14 N86-23995 interpretation p 18 A86-37795 Estimation of atmospheric corrections from multiple Comprehensive integrated remote sensing for US RIVERS Department 01 Energy applications aircraft imagery p 49 A8646784 Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea Satellite remote sensing of atmospheric optical depth [DE86-002101 p 17 N86-25036 I [ NASA-CR-1773101 Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert p39 N86-26783 spectrum p 55 A8646785 ROCK INTRUSIONS An information measure for class discrimination in surfaces: The Desert Winds Project ___ Spectroscopy of Moses Rock dike using remote remote sensing of crop observation p 11 A86-36789 [T186-9001081 p 24 N86-25099 Remote sensing with the Jindalee skywave radar Studies related to ocean dynamics. Task Aircraft sensing p 21 A6643521 3.2 ROCKS Field Test Program to investigate the ability of remote p 33 A8646954 The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic Machine processing of remotely sensed data - sensing methods to measure currentlwind-wave rocks of the Black Mountain, Stonewall Mountain and Kane Quantifying global process: Models. sensor systems, and interactions Springs Wash volcanic centers in southern Nevada analytical methods; Proceedings of the Eleventh [NASA-CR-168349] p 38 N86-25100 International Symposium, Purdue University, West Management information (Wave Propagation [NASA-CR-176805] p 24 N86-25912 Lafayette. IN, June 25-27, 1985 p 56 A8637001 Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado) The evolution of remote sensing science and [ PB86-1395241 p 38 N86-25106 S applications p58 A8647002 A proposal lor a project entitled Assessment of Forest Multispectral change detection using difference Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations S MATRIX THEORY classification and bitemporal classification Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Remote sensing with the Jindalee skywave radar p 49 A6647004 [INPE-3828-NTE/255] p 15 N86-26666 p 33 A86-36954

A-15 SAGE SATELLITE SUBJECT INDEX

SAGE SATELUTE Extracting sea ice data from satellite SAR imagery Assessment and trends of Florida's marine fisheries SAGE observations of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide p29 A86335M) habitat An integration of aerial photcqraphy and Thematic p55 A8636836 Vegetation assessment using a combination of visible. Mapper imagery p 34 A8637013 UARADESERT (AFRICA) near-IR and thermal-IR AVHRR data p 5 A8633577 Detection of biomass by an empiric albedo and spectral Detection of biomass by an empiric albedo and spectral The development of an MSS satellite imagery reflectance model in the Sahara Desert from reflectance model in the Sahara Desert from classification expert system p46 A86-33596 Landsat-imagery pll A8637015 Landsat-imagery p 11 A8637015 A stepwise hierarchical multi-binary approach in TM Analysis of data acquired by Shuttle Imaging Radar SALINITY landuse classification_.. Thematic Mapping SIR-A and Landsat Thematic Mapper over Baldwin County. Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based p46 A86-33597 Alabama p 12 A86-37018 on shipboard and satellite-trackedbuoy data in Bransfield Integration of hgh and low resolution satellite data for USDAlSRS software for Landsat MSSbased Strait, 9-14 March, 1985, part 3 condin assessment p 12 A8637020 cropacreage estimation p6 A8633605 crop [ INPE-3795-PRE/BW] p36 NB6-24168 Landsat Thematk Mapper geodetic accuracy - Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA program, Evaluation of crop acreage estimation methods using Implications for geowded map compatibility OPTOMA17 OPTOMA17 P, 21 July 1985, OPTOMA17 Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 A8633606 p 18 A8637024 leg DI. 10-22 August 1985,OPTOMA17 leg DII. 23 August Remote sensing of snow water equivalent using Designof the European Space Agency Thematic Mapper .5 September 1985 Nimbus-7 SMMR data p42 A86-33616 processing chains p51 A8637864 [AD-A1 62067 1 p37 -24176 Ice conditms on the Ohio and Illinois Rivers. Application of spaceborne and airborne techniques in Marginal ice zone experiment - 1984. physical 1972-1985 p42 A86-33617 mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastern Desert, oceanography report: USNS Lynch and helicopter-baaed Classification of geophysical parameters using passive Egypt p23 A86-37865 STD data miaoowave satellite measurements p 47 A8633626 A proposal for a prom entitled Assessment of Forest [ADA1630961 p37 N86-24180 Evaluation of Landsat MSS bands and transformations Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations Physical oceanography report: Camp-based and for detecting heavy metal stress in forestcwered areas Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) heliter-based STD data from the drifting ice station p7 AB633629 [INPE-3828-NTEl2551 p15 N86-26666 FRAM 3 Physical interptatation of estuarine water color using Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data [ADA1630971 p37 N8624181 vector analysis of satellite data p 43 A8633630 and aerial photographs Application of LANDSAT TM images to asaess Satellite imaging of coastal flow circulation in relation [INPE-3824-PRE/9001 p 15 N86-26667 circuation and dispersion in coastal lagoons to numerical modelling p 31 A8633631 Characteristics of western region flash flood events in [NASA-CR-t77315] p44 N66-26665 Applicability of atmospheric correction algorithm for GOES imagery and conventional data SALYUT SPACE STATION CZCS data to Japanese coastal area -_- Coastal Zone [ NOM-TM-NESDIS-131 p 44 N86-26668 Possibility of small-scale physicogeoeraphcal Color Scanner p31 A8633632 A multiindex multiemporal approach to map crops in regionalization using space Spectrometry data Spatial enhancement techniques for multichannel the early graving season: An application to two Italian p 16 AM-30974 satellite imagery p47 A8633639 irrigation districts: East Sesia and Grande Mi SATELLITE DESIGN An integrated approach to geometric precision Ferrwase --_flue gases Satellite-he 90 GHz radiometer experiment processing of spaceborne high-resolution sensors [ICW-1611] p 15 N86-26674 (SABREX), phase A1 p55 A8634737 Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the [DFVLR-MIlT45-13] p 57 N86-24000 The estimation of atmospheric effects for SPOT using mid-Atlantic Bight during the 1979 spring Moom SATELLITE DOPPLER POSITIONING AVHRR channel-1 data p47 A86-34736 [ NASA-TM-887821 p41 NE627699 Plate motions and deformations from geologic and Reflectance modelling and the derivation of vegetation Transient response to localized episodic heating in the geodetic data indices for an Australian semi-arid shrubland tropics p 51 N86-27749 [NASA-CR-l77299] p 16 N86-26741 p7 A8634740 SATELLITE NETWORKS SATELLITE IMAGERY Forestry information content of Thematic Mapper data The ARGOS system for positioning and data collection Use of Seasat SAR imagery for geological mapping in p8 AS-34741 by satellite - Characteristics and performance levels a volcanic terrain .Askja Caldera Iceland Idenbiymg deforestation in Brazil using muttiresolution p56 A8639559 p19 A86-30189 setellie data p8 A8634742 SATELLITE OBSERVATION Monotemporal, multitemporal, and multidate thermal Statistical lineament analysis in South Greenland based Evolution of the net surface shortwave radiation over

infrared data acquisition from satellites for soil and on Landsat imagery p22 A8635676 the Indian Ocean during summer MONEX (1979) ~ A surfacematerial survey p 1 A8630191 Segmentation of a Thematic Mapper image using the satellite description p26 A8633120 Assessing impacts of off-nadir observation on remote fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm p 9 A88635687 Satellite oceanic remote sensing p 27 A8633481 sensing of vegetation - Use of the Suits model Satellite wientation and position for geometric correction Observations of the polar regions from satellies using p 1 A8630193 of scanner imagery p48 A8836079 active and passive microwave techniques Satellite-derived leaf-area-index and vegetation maps as Economical maintenance of a national topographic data p 28 A86-33489 input to global carbon cycle models - A hierarchical base using Landsat images p46 A8636082 Light interception and leaf area estimates from approach p 2 A8630194 Use of multitemporal spectral profiles in agricultural measurements of grass canopy reflectance Remote sensing for developing countries -A case study landcover classification p 10 A8636084 p4 A8633557 of Tunisia p 15 A8630195 Optimized retrievals of precipitable water fields from A multi-national consortium opportunity for remote Vegetation index and possibility of complementary combinations of VAS satellite and conventional surface sensing p 58 A86-34111 parameters from AVHRR/2 p2 A8630197 observations p 43 A86-36193 Accuracy estimate of geoid and ocean topography Detecling desert locust breeding grounds in the Sahel Evapotranspiration over an agricultural region using a recovered jointly from satallite altimetry wilh satellite data p 16 A8632537 surfacefluxltemperature model based on NOAA-AVHRR p 32 A8635278 Near-surface water circulation in the sub-Arctic frontal data p 10 A8636237 Satellite observations of sea surface cooling by zone (according to satellite data) p 25 A8632676 Combined structural and geomorphologicalmethods for hurricanes p 32 A86-35545 Some features of small-scale Ocean eddies according the processing of aerial and space photographic A stable iterative procedure to obtain soil surface to an analysis of satellite images p 25 A86-32677 remotesensing data with the aim of sohring geological parameters and fluxes from satellite data Salyut-6 observation of color and bnghtness contrasts problems p22 A8636503 p8 A8635678 correlated wilh ocean-bottom relief p 26 A8632676 Investigationof the earth from space ~ A new contribution Satellite thermal observation of oil slicks on the Persian Features of the geological application of space data to the development of structural geomorphology Gulf p33 A8636048 p 19 A863mO p22 A8636504 Gravity anomalies and sea surface heights derived from Internetation of ring SbllCtures on space images and The use of remotesensing data to predict regional and a combined GEOS B/Seasat altimeter data set their correlation with geophysical fields and crustal local oil-and-gas-bearing structures within the p33 A8636096 structure in the USSR p 19 A86-32681 Dnqxovsk-Donetsk paleorift p 23 A8636508 lntraseasonal variations of OLR in the tropics during Computer-aided interpretation of space images with the Technical and software facilities at a center for the the FGGE year _-- outgoing long wave radiation aim of structural analysis p 20 A8632690 processing of remotesensing data p 48 A86-36511 p 48 A8636227 Weddell-Scotia sea marginal ice zone observations from Choice of spectral bands for a spaceborne multispectral Estimation of monthly rainfall from satellite-observed space, October 19M p26 A8633105 scanner p55 A8636514 cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific Ocean color measurements p28 A8633486 Statistical approach to the classification of objects on p43 A8636234 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing air and space remotesensing images Satellite remote sensing of atmospheric optical depth Symposium (IGARSS '85), University of Massachusetts, p 48 A8636515 spectrum p55 A8636785 Amherst. October 7-9. 1985. Lhgest. Volumes 1 8 2 Determination of the spectral characteristics of natural An information measure for class discrimination --- in p52 A8633501 cbjecb on test ranges, and aspects of the efficiency of remote sensing of crop observation p 11 A8636769 NOM plans for remote sensing of the earth. oceans space systems _-- Russian book p 11 A8636697 SAGE observations of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide and atmosphere p52 A8633502 Landsat TM image forwardlreverse scan banding p55 A86-36838 Overview of the AgRlSTARS research program. I -_. Characterization and conection p 49 A86-36790 Preliminary science results from the Shuttle Imaging AGgriiculture and Resources Inventory Surveys Through The evolution of remote sensing science and Radar-E p50 A86-37027 Aerospace Remote Sensing p2 A86-33503 applications p58 A8637002 Sea level time Wsin the equatorial Pacific from Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on High accuracy clustering using residual image - from satellite altimetry p34 A86-38648 Landsat-MSS data p42 A8633505 Landsat satellite p49 A8637003 The effect of the atmosphere on the satellite remote A preliminary analysis of Landsat MSS and TM data in Hydrologic modeling using Landsat MSS data sensing of earth resources --- Russian book the Levack area. Sudbury. Canada p 20 A8633519 p43 AB637010 p56 A8639969 Remote sensing of clouds p52 A8633533 A measuring reference System to quanbfy the NOAA Atlas: An atlas of satelliiederived Northem California timber volume inventay using Landsat descdfication process in a semiarid ecosystem based on Hemispheric snow cow frequency p 44 N8624075 p4 A8633541 Landsat MSS data p 16 A8637011 Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-B radar The study of the natural geographic differences in the Global Weather Experiment Current Achievements and data - Preliminary results p21 A86-33552 coastal waas of water covered parts of Marmara region Future Directions, volume 2, part 2 Classification of south Texas farm and range resources in Turkey with the help of Landsat-4 MSS data using an [NASA-CR-176722] p 36 N86-24142 using NOM7 AVHRR satellite imagery unsupervised classification algorithm with Euclidean Simulation studies related to the design of post-FGGE p5 A8633556 distance p43 A8837012 observing systems 057 N86-24160

A-1 6 SUBJECT INDEX SHADOWS

Sea surface temperature from satellites: The impact Studies related to Ocean dynamics. Task 3.2 Aircraft Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospheric of FGGE p 36 N8624161 Field Test Program to inves%te the Mi of remote turbulence and sea roughness with reference to the study Characteristics of western region flash flood events in sensing methods to measure currentfwind-wave of complex systems --- for flight control GOES imagery and conventional data interactions p33 A8636480 [NOAA-TM-NESDIS-t3] p44 N86-26668 [NASA-CR-168349] p38 N86-25100 SEA STATES A simulation analysls of the fate of phytoplankton within SCATTEROMETERS Remote sensing of atmospheric pressure and sea state the mid-Atlantic bght Oceanic surface winds p27 A8633484 using laser altimeters p 28 A8633529 [NASA-CR-177265] p39 N86-26670 Radar scatterometer voting of thick vegetation The SIR-B Exlreme Waves Experiment in the swthern A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters Canopies p3 A8633523 oceans p 30 A8633607 [ADA1646791 p 39 N86-26716 Estimation of biophysical properties of forest canopies through inversion of miaowave scatterometer data Waves predicted by the Global spectral Ocean Wave Metmdogiil Satellite Center Technical Note, m. 13, model off the west coast of Chile during the SIR-B p4 A8633542 1986 Possible applications of the microwaves surface soil mission p30 A8633608 [ IssN-o3se9653] p40 Ne27694 moisture remote sensing p6 A8633582 Relative vertical positioning using grwnd-level On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget What are the best radar wavdengths. incidence angles transponders with the ERSl altimeter p40 N8627695 and polarizations for geologic applications? A statistical p33 A8635688 Transport processes as manifested in satellite and liar approach p21 A86-33592 Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and aerosol measurements p 17 N8627788 A simple, obiective analysis scheme for scatterometer sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of data .--Seasat A satellite observation of wind over Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters momentum. heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine Ocean p32 A86-35550 [AD-A1 655521 p38 N86-26517 atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable Forest signaturesin imaging and non-imaging microwave SEASURFACETEMPERATURE parameters scatterometer data p9 A8636037 Estimation of the accuracy of the remote determination [NASA-CR-177283] p41 N86-27837 SCENE ANALYSIS of ocean surface temperature on the basis of satellite SATELLITE ORBITS Vafiograms and spatial variation in remotely sensed measurements of outgoing thermal radiation in the ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite images p47 A8633638 10.5-12.5 mium range p27 A8633320 requirements Multispectral change deteckm using difference Sea surface temperature determinations [ NASA-TM-887521 p59 N8626355 classification and bitemporal classification p28 A8633487 SATELLITE ORIENTATION p49 A8637004 Estimation of sea-surface temperature from AVHRR Satellite orientation and positionfor geometric conectii SClENTlFlC SATELLITES data Comments on the paper by Singh et al. (1985) of scanner imagery p48 A86-36079 Agricultural and Scientific space platforms -_.Russian p31 A8634743 SATELLITE PERTURBATION book p 1 A86-29843 Satellite observations of sea surface cooling by Federal agency satellite requirements The study of gravity field estimation procedures hurricanes p32 A8635545 [AD-A164564] p 19 N86-26745 [AD-A16507t] p 59 N86-27410 Heat budget and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental SATELLITE SOUNDING Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment, The Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) Some Satellite)-next overview - 1979 questions answered p 25 A86-32556 [AD-A165080] p 59 N8627411 [PB861 116221 p35 N8623213 Structural features of the easterly jet stream according Operational satellite support to scientific programs to satellite data p26 A8633315 [ADA1650811 p 59 N86-27412 Sea surface temperature from satellites: The impact An algorithm for the identification of cloud cover and Comparison Of the Defense MeteMological Satellite of FGGE p36 NE624161 the estimation of spectral brightnesses of the clwdless Program (DMSP) and the NOMPolar.orbiting Operational Sea ice dynamicsand regional metmofogy for the Arctic atmosphere according to satellite scanning measurements Environmental Satellite (POES) program polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 of outgoing IR radiation p52 A8633317 [ADA1651 181 p59 N86-27413 [ PB86-1480381 p38 N86-25939 Estimation of the accuracy of the remote determination NOM satellite requirements forecast An investigation of the marine boundary layer during of ocean surface temperature on the basis of satellite [ADA1652441 p40 N86-27414 cold air outbreak measurements of outgoing thermal radiation in the International coordination of and contributions to [ NASA-CR-1772491 p 41 N86-27838 10.5-12.5 micron range p27 A8633320 environmental satellite programs SEA WATER Satellite oceanic remote sensing p 27 A8633481 [AD-A1651421 p60 N86-28016 Investigation of the content of trace elements in sea Optimal disposition of satellite-track4 drifting buoys in SEA ICE aerosols and the surface microlayer off sea water the South Atlantic p31 A8634488 Weddell-Scotiasea marginal ice zone obsewations from p32 A8634754 SATELLITE TRACKING space, October 1984 p 26 A8633105 A review of methods to track Oil in arctic waters Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic observations of the polar regions from satellites using [ AD-A1646791 p39 N86-26716 drifting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 active and passive miaowave techniques SEASAT SATELLITES [INPE-3793-PRE/@88] p 36 N8624166 p28 A8633489 Evidence for small-scale mantle convection from Seaaat SATELLITE-BORNE INSTRUMENTS Multifrequency observations of brightness temperature altimeter data p 25 A8631976 of artificial new and ywng sea ice p 28 A8633514 The 1978 oceanic trilogy - Seasat, Nimbus-7, and Observation of internal waves seismic waves in the Extracting ice data from satellite SAR imagery and TIROSN p27 A8633482 sea Sicilian Channel p27 A8633392 Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo p29 A86-33560 The 1978 oceanic trilogy Seasat. Nimbus-7, and p27 A8633483 SAR remote sensing during MIZEX 84 - Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer p 29 A8633561 TIROS-N p27 A8833482 (ESTAR) system design, calibration, and sensitivity Measurement of sea ice backscatter characteristics at Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo p53 A8633588 36 GHz using the surface contour radar p 27 A8633483 Push-broom microwave radiometer systems for space p 29 A86-33562 Oceanic surface winds p27 A8633484 applications p53 A8633589 Radar sounding of ice rnasws containing liquid water Surface and internal ocean wave observations Research and development of the synthetic aperture p30 A8633619 p27 A8633485 radar transmitter and receker subsystem design and some Aircraft and satellite passive microwave observations Seasat microwave wind and rain observations in were component test results p54 A8633636 of the Bering Sea ice wver during MIZEX West tropical and midlatitude marine storms Twain hght measurement by synthetic aperture radar p32 A8635683 p27 A8633486 with an interferometer p55 A8634736 Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference Sea surface temperature determinations A simple, objective analysis scheme for scatterometer and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and p28 A8633487 data -.. Seasat A satellite observation of wind over Development Activity. NSTL. MS. on June 11-14,1985 Precipitation in tropical cyclones p 28 A0533490 Ocean p32 A8635550 [AD-A162578] p34 N86-23203 SEDIMENTS Relative vertical positioning using ground-level Ice shelves of Antarctica Application of IANDSAT TM images to aswas transponders with the ERS-1 altimeter [PB861069861 p35 N86-23208 circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons p33 A8635688 Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, Collection of [ NASA-CR-1773151 p44 N86-28865 Satellite-borne 90 GHz radiometer experiment Articles, Volume 56, 1981 Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea (SABREX), phase A1 [PB861071091 p 35 N86-23209 [NASA-CR-177310] p 39 N86-26783 [DFVLR-MIlT-85-13] p57 N86-24000 Sea ice dynamics and regional meteorologyforthe Arctic SEGMENTS SATELLITE-BORNE PHOTOGRAPHY polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 Image segmentation algorithms p 45 A8632370 Application of space imagery to the identification and [PB86148038] p38 N86-25939 SEISMIC WAVES geologicalgeophysical study of hidden plutons in early A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to Observation of internal waves and seismic waves in the Proterozoic troughs p20 A8632682 arctic ambient noise. Part 3. Section 1: Ambient noise. Sicilian Channel p27 A8633392 Methods of combined air and space remotesensing Section 2: Ambient noise sElsy0L00Y studies Of Siberia p22 A8636501 [AD-A165304] p39 N86-26788 Earthquake and tsunami data services and Certain transformations in a quantitative approach to A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to publiitis image processing -- computer techniques for satellite arctic ambient noise. Part 3, section 3 Ambient noise [PB86-156254] p51 N8625919 photography p 48 A8636517 [ AD-A1653051 p 40 N86-26789 SENSITIVITY An atlas of original and mercator-transformed SEA LEVEL Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and satellite-data images of the Alboran Sea. August-October Sea level time series in the equatorial Pacific from sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic 1983 satellite altimetry p34 A86-38648 Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters [ADA1618981 p 36 N86-24170 Monthly maps of sea level anomalies in the Pacific, 1975 [ AD-A1655521 p 38 N86-26517 SATELLITES 1981. Report on the IGOSS (Integrated Global Ocean SET THEORY Federal agency satellite requirements Services System) Sea Level Pilot Project Segmentation of a Thematic Mapper image using the [ADA1650711 p59 N8627410 [ADA1630611 p38 N8625104 fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm p 9 A8635687 SCAlTERING CROSS SECTIONS SEA ROUOHNESS SHADOWS Backscatter measurements from simulated resonant open ocean radar sea scatter measurements A technique for assessing the severity of twain structwes p4 A8633555 p25 A8632599 shadowing in mobile satellite service p 51 A8639545

A-17 SHORT WAVE RADIATION SUBJECT INDEX

SHORT WAVE RADIATION SOFTWARE TOOLS SPECTRAL EMISSION Evolution of the net surface shortwave radiation over Image processing system interfaces Department of GeologyINASA-GSFC geobotanical

the Indian Ocean during summer MONEX (1979) ~ A p 44 A8632333 investigation satellite description p 26 A8633120 USDA/SRS software for Landsat MSS-based [NASA-CR-177300] P 15 N86-27698 SHUlTLE IMAGING RADAR crop-acreage estimation p6 A8633605 SPECTRALMETHODS Preliminary analysis of SIR-B images for stereo The applicability of LOWTRAN 5 computer code to aerial Determination of the moisture content of nonuniformly applications p 45 A86-33515 thermographic data correction p 48 A86-34739 moistened soils with a surface transition layer on the basis Preliminary geologic analyses of radar data for SIR-B Technical and software facilities at a center for the of microwave spectroradiometry p 2 A8632684 Hawaii p 21 A8633550 processing of remote-sensing data p 48 A86-36511 Spectral components analysis - A bridge between Introductory analyses of SIR-B radar data for Hawaii spectral Observations and agrometeorological crop p 21 A8633551 The possibility of applying different types of image-analysis software to environment-protection models P7 A8633627 Microwave backscatter and emission observed from SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE problems in remote sensing p16 A8636513 Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz --- Assessing impacts of off-nadir observation on remote radiometer p 53 A8633584 SOIL EROSION sensing of vegetation - Use of the Suits model Remote sensing techniques for the detection of soil Spaceborne Imaging Radar (SIR) project P 1 A8630193 p 53 A8633586 erosion and the identification of soil consawation The influence of observational interdependence on The SIR-E Extreme Waves Experiment in the southern practices p3 A8633506 spectral reflectance relationships with plant and soil oceans p 30 A8633607 SOIL MAPPING variables p2 A8630196 Spectral measurements in support of SIR-8 using the Monotemporal. multitemporal, and multidate thermal Determination of sea spectral reflectancefrom airborne Surface Contour Radar --- for South Pacific infrared data acquisition from satellites for soil and measurements P 26 A8632683 p30 A8633609 surface-material survey p 1 A86-30191 Near infrared leaf reflectance modeling Directional ocean wave spectra obtained from the Soil background effects on the spectral response of a p4 A8633556 Shuttle Imaging Radar off the coast of Chile threecomponent rangeland scene p 9 A8636044 Light interception and leaf area estimates from p 30 A86-33612 Small format, oblique, colour aenal photography - An measurements of grass canopy reflectance Geological mapping potential of computer-enhanced aid to the location of methane seepage p4 A8633557 images from the Shuttle Imaging Radar - Lisbon Valley p 11 A8636783 Reflectance modelling and the derivation of vegetation Anticline. Utah p22 A86-36083 The tasseled cap. Size, shape and orientation changes indices for an Australian semi-arid shrubland Analysis of data acquired by Shuttle Imaging Radar due to soil background --- in soil brightness-plant p7 A8634740 SIR-A and Landsat Thematic Mapper over Baldwin County, greenness plane p 12 A8637035 Soil background effects on the Spectral response of a Alabama p 12 A8637018 SOIL MOISTURE three-component rangeland scene p 9 A8636044 Preliminary science results from the Shuttle Imaging Determination of the moisture content of nonuniformly Distinguishing among tallgrass prairie cover types from Radar-B p 50 A86-37027 moistened soils with a surface transition layer on the basis measurements of multispectral reflectance The SIR-C experiment - Measuring new variables from of microwave spectroradiometry p 2 A8632684 p 10 A8636047 space with SAR p 50 A8637028 Effect of dew on canopy reflectance and temperature Passive microwave soil moisture research Use of SIR-A and Landsat MSS data in mapping shrub p 10 A8636049 p2 A8633504 and intershrub vegetation at Koonamore. South Australia Determination of the spectral characteristics of natural p 13 A8639003 Possible applications of the microwaves surface soil objects on test ranges. and aspects of the efficiency of Application of Shuttle imaging radar data for land use moisture remote sensing p6 A8633582 space systems --- Russian book p 11 A8636697 investgations p 51 A8639150 An airborne multiple-beam 1.4 GHz pushbrwm Field and airborne spectral characterizationof suspected SIBERIA microwave radiometer p6 A8633583 damage in red spruce (picea rubens) from Vermont Methods of combined air and space remote-sensing Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer p 11 A8637008 studies of Siberia p22 A8636501 (ESTAR) system design. calibration, and sensitivity Detection of biomass by an empiric albedo and spectral SICILY p 53 A8633588 reflectance model in the Sahara Desert from ObSaNatiOn of internal waves and seismic waves in the EOS radiometer concepts for soil moisture remote Landsat-imagery p 11 A8637015 Sicilian Channel p 27 A8633392 *ensinn, The tasseled cap - Size. shape and orientation changes SIDE-LOOKING RADAR [ NASLCR-1778541 p 14 N86-23995 due to soil background .--in soil brightness-plant The design, construction and early trials of a novel SOILS greenness plane p 12 A8637035 airborne surveillance radar p 25 A8632635 Utilization of active microwave roughness Sun angle. view angle, and background effects on Semi-operationalidentification of agricultural crops from measurements to improve passive microwavesoil moisture spectral response of simulated balsam fir canopies airborne SLAR-data p 12 A86-37025 estimates over bare soils p 8 A8635679 p 13 A8639002 Archimedes project remote sensing of oil spills North Separation of soil-plant spectral mixtures by factor Directional reflectance response in AVHRR red and Sea experiment. October 1983. Report on DFVLR analysis p 13 A86-39147 near-IR bands for three cover types and varying (Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) contribution Vegetation and environmental gradients of the Prudhcm atmospheric conditions p 13 A8639146 [ DFVLR-FB-85-54] p35 N86-24002 Bay region, Alaska Separation of soil-plant spectral mixtures by factor SIGNAL ANALYSIS [ AD-A162022 ] p 17 N86-24034 analysis p 13 A8639147 Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo Preliminary assessment of soil moisture over Department of GeologylNASA-GSFC geobotanical p 27 A8643483 vegetation investigation Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians - [NASA-CR-177226] p 15 N86-27704 [NASA-CR-177300] p 15 N86-27698 Some new methods and techniques for paleostress SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE SPECTRAL SIGNATURES ana 1 y s i s p 20 A8633518 Relationships between surface observations over the Surface material classification based on spectral SIGNAL DETECTORS global oceans and the southern oscillation shape p6 A8633598 Studies of complex terrain wind flows using acoustic [PB86-1100381 p 35 N86-24112 SPECTRUM ANALYSIS sounder and optical cross-wind remote sensors SPACE COMMERCIALIZATION A correlation and regression analysis of precent canopy [DE860029931 p 58 N86-25925 Commercial applications of the Navstar Global closure vs. TMS spectral response for selected forest sites SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIOS Positioning System p 54 A86341 12 in the San Juan National Forest. Colorado SNR in SAR --- sensitivity in natural terrain sensing 'New opportunities in remote sensing' p3 A8633539 p54 A86-33633 p 58 A86341 18 SPILLING SIGNATURE ANALYSIS SPACE SHtrrrLE MISSION 31C A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters Preliminari assessment of soil moisture over MOMS41 (Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral [ AD-A164679 J p39 NE626716 vegetation Scanner) for Earth Observation: First results of STS-7 SPOT (FRENCH SATELLITE) [NASA-CR-l77226] p 15 N86-27704 Inksion p57 N86-24003 SPOT .A high-precision view of the earth SILVICULTURE SPACE STATIONS p 52 A8631222 Timber Resources Inventory and Monitoring Joint International coordination of and contributions to The estimation of atmospheric effects for SPOT using Research Project environmental satellite programs AVHRR channel-I data p 47 A8634738 [NASA-TM-88754] p 14 N86-25863 [AD-A165142] p 60 N86-28016 SITE SELECTION SPRING (SEASON) SPACEBORNEEXPERIMENTS High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within Site selection and directional models of deserts used Spaceborne Imaging Radar (SIR) project the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft. and for ERBE validation targets p 53 A8633586 in situ perspectives of the SEEP4 experiment [ NASA-TP-25401 p57 N86-23160 SPACEBORNEPHOTOGRAPHY SKY BRIGHTNESS [NASA-TM-88765] p41 N86-27700 Problems with global mapping p 48 A86-351 11 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS An algorithm for the identification of cloud cover and MOMS-01 (Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral the estimation of spectral biightnesses of the cloudless Lineament analysis in a test area of northern Scanner) for Earth observation: First results of STS7 Mozambique p 20 A8633520 atmosphere according to satellite scanning measurements mission p57 N86-24003 of outgoing IR radiation p 52 A8633317 SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATION Statistical lineament analysis in South Greenland based SNOW COVER Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite on Landsat imagery p 22 A8635676 Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on Program (DMSP) and the NOM Polar-orbitingOperational Statistical approach to the classification of objects on Landsat-MSS data p 42 A8633505 Environmental Satellite (POES) program air and space remote-sensing images 100 MHz dielectric constant measurements of snow [ AD-A1651 18 ] p 59 N86-27413 p 48 A86-36515 cover Dependence on environmental and snow pack SPACECRAFTDEFENSE Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condition parameters p 42 A8633613 Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A8637036 Millimeter-wave backscaner from snowcover Program (DMSP) and the NOAA Polar-orbitingOperational STEREOPHOTOGRAPHY p 42 A86-33615 Environmental Satellite (POES) program Preliminary analysis of SIR-B images for stereo Remote sensing of snow water equivalent using [ADA1651181 p 59 N86-27413 applications p 45 A86-33515 Nimbus-7 SMMR data p 42 A86-33616 SPECTRAL BANDS STRATOSPHERE NOAA Atlas: An atlas ol satelliederived Northern Choice of spectral bands for a spaceborne multispectral SAGE ObSeNatiOns of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide Hemispheric snow cover frequency p 44 N8624075 scanner D55 A8636514 p55 A8636838 SUBJECT INDEX TEXTURES

Transient response to localized episodic heating in the SYNCHRONOUS METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE A multiindex multitemporal approach to map crops in tropics p 51 N86-27749 International coordination of and contributions to the early growing season: An application to two Italian STRATUS CLOUDS environmental satellie pograms irrigation districts: East Sesia and Grande Bonitiga Satellite cloud and precipitation analysis using a [ AD-A165142 J p60 N86-28016 Ferrarese --- flue gases minicomputer SYNCHRONOUS SATELLITES [ICW-1611J p 15 N86-26674 [AD-A163821I p58 N86-25084 GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER STRESS ANALYSIS Satellite)-next overview Research on enhancing the utilization of digital Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians - [AD-At65080] p 59 NE627411 multispectral data and geographic information systems in Some new methods and techniques for paleostress NOAA satellite requirements Iwecast global habitability studies analysis p 20 A863351 8 [AD-A165244] p 40 N86-27414 [ NASA-CR-1772941 p 17 N86-26669 STRUCTURAL BASINS Transient response to localized episodic heating in the TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian tropics p 51 N86-27749 Applications of sensor payloads p 56 A8637343 SYNOPTIC METEOROLOGY Oceans TECTONICS [ NASA-TM-877731 p39 NE626782 Remote sensing and oceanographic equipment technology: Some pfesent systems and future needs, Evidence of ongoing crustal deformation related to STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES (GEOLOGY) revised magmatic activity near Socorro, New Mexico Computer-aidedinterpretation of space images with the p 18 A86-37797 [PEE61 565021 p 40 N86-26791 aim 01 structural analysis p20 A86-32690 SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR Plate motions and deformations from geologic and Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians ~ Surlace and internal ocean wave observations geodetic data Some new methods and techniques for paleostress p 27 A8633485 [NASA-CR-l772991 p 18 N86-26741 analysis p 20 A8633518 Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic Plate motions and deformations from geologic and Lineament analysis in a test area of northern aperture radar observations p 18 A8633516 geodetic data Mozambique p20 A8633520 Lithologic signatures in multi-channel SAR imagery [NASA-CR-l77313] p 19 N86-27833 Statistical lineament analysis in South Greenland based p 45 A8633522 TELECOMMUNICATION on Landsat imagery p22 A86-35676 Introductory analyses 01 SIR-E radar data for Hawaii GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Combined structural and geomorphological methods for p 21 A8633551 Satellite)-next overview the processing of aerial and space photographic SAR remote sensing during MlZEX 84 [ AD-A16soeOJ p 59 N86-27411 remote-sensing data with the aim of solving geological p29 A8633561 TELEMETRY problems p 22 A8636503 Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference Investigationof the earth from space- Anewcontribution radar p5 A8633565 and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and to the development of structural geomorphology Forest discrimination with multipolarizatin imaging Development Activity. NSTL. MS. on June 11-14, 1985 p22 A8636504 radar p5 A8633566 [AD-A162578] p34 N86-23203 Quantitative assessment of the information content of Multipolarization SAR data for surface feature TEMPERATURE TV images of different scale on the example of diSjUnCtNeS delineation p 46 A8633594 Physical oceanography report: Camp-based and of Siberia p 23 A86-36506 The spatial evolution of SAR derived wave spectra in helicopter-based STD data from the drifting ice station the vicinity of Hurricane IVA p 30 A8633602 Methods for the remote sensing of transition zones of FRAM 3 Simulations 01 SAR wave spectra using high spectral the junction of Siberian platforms and orogens [AD-A163097] p 37 N86-24181 resolution estimates from the SCR and ROWS p 23 A8636507 TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS instruments p 30 A863361 1 Thematic mapper studies of Andean volcanoes Vegetation and environmental gradients of the Prudhoe Directional Ocean wave spectra obtained from the Bay region, Alaska [NASA-CR-l76807J p24 NE625866 Shuttle Imaging Radar off the coast of Chile [ ADA162022 J p 17 N86-24034 The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic p 30 A8633612 rocksof the Black Mountain, Stonewall Mountain and Kane SAR image segmentation using digitised field boundaries TEMPERATUREMEASUREMENT Experiments the remote temperature sounding of the Springs Wash volcanic centers in southern Nevada for crop mapping and monitoring applications on atmosphere on the basis of NOAA-satellite radiometer [NASA-CR-176805] p 24 N86-25912 p7 A8633625 measurements p52 A8633318 Thematic mapper research in the Earth sciences: SNR in SAR --- sensitivity in natural terrain sensing Tectonic evaluation of the Nubian Shield of norlheastern p 54 A8633633 Estimation of sea-surface temperature from AVHRR Sudanlsoutheastern Egypt using thematic mapper Verification of L-band SAR calibration data Comments on the paper by Singh et 81. (1985) imagery p 54 A8633634 p31 A8634743 [NASA-CR-1773111 p24 N8626740 Research and development of the synthetic aperture Analysis of a resistance-energy balance method for SUDAN radar transmitter and receiver subsystem design and some estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using Thematic mapper research in the Earth sciences: component test results p 54 A8633636 onstime-ofday infrared temperature observations Tectonic evaluation of the Nubian Shield of northeastern High speed image processing system with custom VLSl p 13 A8639148 Sudanfsoutheastern Egypt using thematic mapper for DSP ... Digital Signal Processor p 54 A8633641 Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based imagery An overview of the SAR internal wave signature on shipboard and satellite-tracked buoy data in Eranstield [NASA-CR-177311] p 24 N86-26740 experiment p31 A86-33645 Strait, 9-14 March, 1985. part 3 SUMMER SAR-observed internal wave signatures from SARSEX [ INPE-3795-PRE/890] p 36 NE624168 Evolution of the net surface shortwave radiation over . Initial observations p 31 A8633646 Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea the Indian Ocean during summer MONEX (1979) - A SAR observed internal wave signatures from f NASA-CR-1773101 p 39 N86-26783 satellite description p 26 A8633120 SARSEX-comparisons with SAR imaging models TEMPORAL RESOLUTION Vegetation and environmental gradients of the Prudhoe p 31 A8633647 Hierarchicalclassification of multitemporal/multi~tral Bay region, Alaska Terrain height measurement by synthetic aperture radar scanner data p 49 A863701 7 [AD-A162022] p 17 NE624034 with an interferometer p 55 A8634736 TERRAIN SUPERHIGH FREQUENCIES Intensity modulation in SAR images of internal waves A technique for assessing the severity of terrain Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and p 32 A8635531 shadowing in mobile satellite service p 51 A8639545 sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic Studies of complex terrain wind flows using acoustic Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters aperture radar observations p 18 A8636099 sounder and optical cross-wind remote sensors [AD-A165552] p 38 N86-26517 The SIR-C experiment ~ Measunng new variables from [DE86-002993] p 58 N86-25925 SURFACE NAVIGATION space with SAR p50 A8637028 TERRAIN ANALYSIS Position fixing afloat -.-cmrdinate determination at Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and Preliminary analysis of SIR-B images for stereo sea p 33 A8636788 sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic applications p 45 A863351 5 SURFACE PROPERTIES Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters Description of a databank of normalized radar cross Surface material classification based on spectral [ AD-At 655521 p 38 N86-26517 section of terrain p 45 A8633526 shape p 6 A86-33598 SYNTHETIC APERTURES SNR in SAR --- sensitivity in natural terrain sensing The nature and origin 01 mineral coatings on volcanic EOS radiometer concepts for soil moisture remote p54 A8633633 rocks of the Black Mountain, Stonewall Mountain and Kane sensing Terrain height measurement by synthetic aperture radar Springs Wash volcanic centers in southern Nevada [NASA-CR-177854] p 14 N86-23995 with an interferometer p 55 A8634736 [NASA-CR-l76805] p 24 N86-25912 An integrated approach to geometric precision SURFACE ROUGHNESS EFFECTS SYSTEMS ENGINEERING processing of spaceborne high-resolution sensors Utilization of active microwave roughness Simulation studies related to the design of post-FGGE observing systems p57 N86-24160 p 55 A8634737 measurements to improve passive microwave soil moisture TERRESTRIAL RADIATION estimates over bare soils p8 A8635679 Conceptual design study: Forest Fire Advanced System Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Note, no. 13. SURFACE TEMPERATURE Technology (FFAST) 1986 Evapotranspiration over an agricultural region using a [JPL-PUBL-86-5] p 14 N86-25034 [ ISSN-0388-96531 p 40 N86-27694 surface flux/temperature model based on NOM-AVHRR On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget data p 10 A8636237 p40 NE627695 Preliminary assessment of soil moisture over T TEXTBOOKS vegetation The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing [NASA-CR-177226] p 15 N86-27704 TABLES (DATA) [SU-84] p 56 N86-23025 SURFACE WATER International coordination of and contributions to TEXTURES Relationships between surface Observations over the environmental satellite programs Land use mapping using edge density texture measures global Oceans and the southern oscillation [AD-A165142] p60 N86-28016 on Thematic Mapper simulator data p 47 A8633624 [ PB86-110038] p35 N86-24112 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and SURFACE WAVES Conceptual design study: Forest Fire Advanced System sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic Surface and internal ocean wave observations Technology (FFASTI Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters p 27 A8633485 [ JPL-PUBL-66-51 p 14 N86-25034 [AD-A165552] p 38 N86-26517 THEMATIC MAPPING SUBJECT INDEX

THEMATIC MAPPING THERMAL MAPPING TRACE ELEMENTS Satellite-derived leaf-area-index and vegetation maps as Monotemporal. multitemporal. and multidate thermal Investigation of the content of trace elements in sea input to global carbon cycle models - A hierarchical infrared data acquisition from satellites for soil and aerosols and the surface microlayer off sea water approach p 2 A86-30194 surface-material survey pl A8630191 p32 A86-34754 A texture-enhancement procedure for separating vegetation assessment using a combination of visible, TRACKING (POSITION) orchard from forest in Thematic Mapper data near-IR and thermal-IR AVHRR data p 5 Am-33577 Navstar GPS (Global PositioningSystem) accuracy while p 2 A86-30198 The applicability of LOWTRAN 5 computer code to aerial surveying arrays of deep ocean transponders Detecting desert locust breeding grounds in the Sahel thermographic data correction p 48 A8634739 [AD-A1633641 p 36 N88-26313 with satellite data p 16 A8632537 Analysis of effective radiant temperatures in a Pacific A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters Formation of a digital data base for automated forest Northwest forest using Thermal Infrared Multispectral [ AD-A1648791 p 39 N86-26716 mapping p2 A8632689 Scanner data p9 A86-36042 TRAJECTORY MEASUREMENT A preliminary analysis of Landsat MSS and TM data in Satellite thermal ObseNatiOn of Oil slicks on the Persian Investigation of ice dynamics in the marginal ice zone the Levack area, Sudbury. Canada p 20 A8633519 Gulf p33 A86-36048 [AD-A164364] p38 N86-25962 A correlation and regression analysis Of precent canopy Agricultural applications for thermal infrared TRANSPONDERS closure vs. TMS spectral response for selected forest sites multispectral scanner data p 12 A8637034 Relative vertical positioning using ground-level in the San Juan National Forest, Colorado THERMAL POLLUTION transponders with the ERS-1 altimeter p3 A86-33539 Comprehensive integrated remote sensing for US p33 A8635688 Analysis of forestlstructure using thematic mapper Department of Energy applications Navstar GPS (Global PositioningSystem) accuracy while simulator data p4 A8633540 [DE86-M)21011 p 17 N86-25036 surveying arrays of deep ocean transponders Analysis of L-bandmultipolarization radar iamges for lava THERMISTORS [ AD-A1 633641 P 38 N88-26313 flow mapping p21 A86-33593 Development of a satellite-trackad oceanographic TREES (PLANTS) A stepwisa hierarchical multi-binary approach in TM drifting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 Predicting tree groundline diameter from crown landuse classification Thematic Mapping _-_ [ INPE-3793-PAEl8881 p 36 NE624166 measurements made on 35-mm aerial photography p46 M6-33597 THERMOGRAPHY p 13 A86-39006 Extendedtesting of a general contextual classifier using The applicabilityof LOWTRAN 5 computer code to aerial Identification of major backscattering sources in trees the massively parallel pcocessor - Preliminary results and thermographic data correction p 48 A86-34739 and shrubs at 10 GHz test plans --- for thematic mapping p 54 A8633623 TIDES p13 A86-39149 Land use mapping using edge density texture measures An atlas of original and mercator-transformed Timber Resources Inventory and Monitoring Joint on Thematic Mapper simulator data p 47 A86-33624 satellitedata images of the Alboran Sea, AugustOctober Research Project SAR image segmentabn using digitised field boundaries 1983 [NASA-TM-88754] pl4 N86-25863 for crop mapping and monitoring applications [ AD-A161 8981 p 36 N88-24170 TROPICAL METEOROLOGY p 7 A8633625 Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian Structural features of the easterly jet stream according Physical interpretation of estuarine water color using Oceans to satellite data p 26 A863331 5 vector analysis of satellite data p 43 A86-33630 [ NASA-TM-877731 p 39 N86-26782 lntraseasonal variations of OLR in the tropics during Spatial enhancement techniques for multichannel TIMBER INVENTORY the FGGE year --- outgoing long wave radiation satellite imagery p47 A86-33639 Analysis of forestlstructure using thematic mapper p48 A8636227 Modified cubic convolution resampling for Landsat simulator data p4 A86-33540 Estimation of monthly rainfall from satellite-observed p47 A8633640 California timber volume inventory using Landsat cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific Multi-crop area estimation and mapping on a p4 A8633541 p 43 A86-36234 microprocessorlmainframenetwork p 7 A86-33644 Identifying deforestation in Brazil using multiresolution Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the Foresw information content of Thematic Mapper data satellite data p8 A86-34742 Global Weather Experiment: Current Achievements and p8 A8634741 Adding spatial considerations to the JABOWA model Future Directions, volume 2, part 2 Problems with global mapping p 48 A86-35111 of forest growth p 11 A86-37014 [NASA-CR-176722] p 36 N8624142 Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics Predicting tree groundline diameter from crown Transient response to localized episodic heating in the in a boreal forest - Relationship between Thematic Mapper measurements made on 35-mm aerial photography tropics p 51 N86-27749 band reflectance and leaf area index for Aspen p 13 A8639006 TROPICAL REGIONS p8 A86-35677 Timber Resources Inventory and Monitoring Joint The emergence of airborne video techniques as an Segmentation of a Thematic Mapper image using the Research Project alternative for accessing tropical environments ~ A funy c-means clustering algorithm p 9 A8635687 [ NASA-TM-887541 p 14 NE625863 historical perspective p56 A86-37007 Method for the quantitative estimation of convergence A proposal for a project entitled Assessment of Forest in mapping in the case of the interpretation of space Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations TROPICAL STORMS photographs of oil-and-gas.bearing regions of Siberia Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Seasat microwave wind and rain observations in severe p 23 A86-36505 [ INPE-3828-NTE/255] p 15 “3-26666 tropical and midlatitude marine storms Landsat TM image forward/raverse scan banding TIMBER VIGOR p27 A8633486 Characterization and correction p 49 A8636790 Evaluation of Landsat MSS bands and transformations Precipitation in tropical cyclones p 28 A8633490 for detectina heaw metal stress in forest-covered areas TSUNAMI WAVES Assessment and trends of Florida’s marine fisheries 1. habitat An integration of aerial photography and Thematic p7 A8643629 Earthquake and tsunami data services and Mapper imagery p 34 A86-37013 TIME SERIES ANALYSIS publications [PB86-156254] p 51 N86-25919 Analysis of data acquired by Shuttle Imaging Radar Sea level time senes in the eauatorial Pacific from SIR-A and Landsat Themabc Mapper over Baldwin County. satellite altimetry p34 A8638648 TURBULENCE Alabama p 12 A8637018 TlROS N SERIES SATELLITES Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and The 1978 oceanic trilogy - Seasat, Nimbus-7, and Landsat MSS and airborne geophysical data combined sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic TIROS-N p27 A8633482 for mapping granite in southwest Nova Scotia Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters TOPEX [AD-A165552] p 38 N86-26517 p 23 A8637021 The Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) - Some TURKEY Landsat Thematic Mapper geodetic accuracy - questions answered p25 A8632556 Implications for geocoded map compatibility The study of the natural geographic differences in tha TOPOGRAPHY coastal areas of water covered parts of Marmara region p 18 A86-37024 Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic in Turkey with the help of Landsat-4 MSS data using an Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality aperture radar observations p 18 A8633516 unsupervised classification algorithm with Euclidean p 50 A8637032 Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians - distance p 43 A8637012 Design ofthe European Space Agency Thematic Mapper Some new methods and techniques for paleostress TYPHOONS processing chains p51 A8637864 analysis p20 A86-33518 Meteorological Satellie Center Technical Nota, no. 13. Use of Themabc Mapper data to assess water quality Lithologic signatures in multihannel SAR imagery 1986 in Green Bay and central Lake Michigan p 45 A86-33522 [ ISSN-0388-96531 p 40 N86-27694 p43 A8639004 Accuracy estimate of geoid and ocean topography Remote sensing investigations of wetland biomass and recovered jointly from satellite altimetry Productivity for global biosystems research p 32 A8635276 U- [NASA-CR-176725] p 14 N86-23994 Economical maintenance of a national topographic data Ducks Unlimited Joint Research Project base using Landsat images p48 A&-36082 Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic U.S.S.R. [NASA-TM-B8755] p 14 N86-25032 Interpretation of ring structures on space images and aperture radar observations p 18 A8636099 A proposal for a project entitled Assessment of Forest their correlation with geophysical fields and crustal Radar image simulation as a tool to analyze topographic Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations effects on geometry and radiometry of radar imagery structure in the USSR p19 A8632681 Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) USSR report Earth sciences [ INPE.3828-NTE/255] p 15 N86-26666 p 50 A86-37026 Vegetation and environmental gradients of the PrudhW [JPRS-UES-86404] p 34 N86-23017 A multiindex multitemwal approach to map crops in Bay region, Alaska U.S.S.R. SPACE PROGRAM the early growing season: An application to two Italian [AD-A1620221 p 17 N8624034 Agricultural and scientific space platforms --- Russian irrigation districts: East Sesia and Grande Bonifiga Thematic mapper studies of Andean volcanoes book p 1 A8629843 Ferrarese --- flue gases [NASA-CR-176807] p24 N88-25866 ULTRAHIGH FREQUENCIES [ICW-l611] p 15 N86-26674 The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic Wind dependence of L-band radar backscatter Research, investlgations and technical developments: rocks of the Black Mountain, Stonewall Mountain and Kane p33 A86-35860 National mapping program. 1983-1984 Springs Wash volcanic centers in southern Nevada URUGUAY [ PB86-1660973 p 17 NE626675 [ NASA-CR-176805J p 24 N86-25912 A proposal for a project entitled Assessment of Forest Department of GeologylNASA-GSFC geobotanical Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations investigabn Oceans Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) [ NASA-CR-177300] p 15 N86-27698 [NASA-TM-87773] p39 N86-26782 [ INPE-3828-NTE1255) p 15 N86-26666 A-20 SUBJECT INDEX WIND MEASUREMENT

USER REOUIREMENTS VISIBLE INFRARED SPIN SCAN RADIOMETER SAR-Observed internal wave signatures from SARSEX Conceptual design study: Forest Fire Advanced System Optimized retrievals of precipitable water fields from - Initial observations p31 A8643646 Technology (FFAST) combinations of VAS satellite and conventional surface SAR observed internal wave signatures from [JPL-PUBL-865] p 14 N86-25034 observations p 43 A8646193 SARSEX-comparisons with SAR imaging models ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite VISIBLE SPECTRUM p31 A86-33647 Satellite remote sensing atmosoheric deDlh requirements of o~tical Intensity modulation in SAR images of internal waves [ NASA-TM-867521 p59 N86-26355 spectrum p 55 A86-36785 p32 A8635531 VOLCANOES Strategies for the calibration and operational use of the Thematic mapper studies of Andean volcames ERS-1 SAR wave mode v [ NASA.CR-17-07] p24 N86-25866 The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic [ JHUlAPL/SDO-7565] p 35 N86-23207 Management information (wave Propagation VAPORS rocks of the Black Mountain, Stonewall Mountain and Kane Laboratory. Boulder, Colorado) An investigation of the marine boundary layer during Springs Wash volcanic centers in southern Nevada [ PES1395241 p 38 N86-25106 cold air outbreak [ NASA-CR-1768051 p 24 N86-25912 WATERFOWL [ NASA-CR-1772491 p41 N86-27838 Transport processes as manifested in satellie and liar Ducks Unlimited Joint Research Project VEGETATION aerosol measurements p 17 N86-27786 [ NASA-TM-667551 p14 N86-25032 Satellitederivedleaf-area-index and vegetation maps as VOLCANOLOGY input to global carbon cycle models A hierarchical Introductory analyses of SIR-B radar data for Hawaii WAVE PROPAGATION - Management information (wave Propagation approach p2 A86-30194 p21 A86-33551 VORTICES Laboratory. Boulder, Colorado) Estimation of the weight of vegetation using microwave Near-surface water circulation in the sub-Arctic frontal [PB86-139524] p 38 N86-25106 transmission measurements p3 A8633524 zone (according to satellite data) p 25 A86-32676 WAVE SCAlTERlNG One step above ground truth - Airphoto keys for Some features of small-scale Ocean eddies according Open ocean radar sea scatter measurements large-scale vegetation analysis p3 A86-33538 to an analysis of satellie images p 25 A86-32677 p25 A86-32599 Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers WAVELENGTHS p4 A86-33554 Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condition Forestry information content of Thematic Mapper data and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A86-37036 p8 A8634741 WATER CIRCULATION WEATHER Use of SIR-A and Landsat MSS data in mapping shrub Reduction of weather effects in the calculation of sea and intershrub vegetation at Kmnamore, South Australia Near-surface water circulation in the subfrctic frontal zone (according satellite data) p 25 A8642676 ice concentration from microwave radiances p 13 A86-39003 to Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the p 26 A86-33104 Vegetation and environmental gradients of the Prudhoe western part of the Black Sea p 26 A86-32679 WEATHER FORECASTING Bay region, Alaska Satellite imaging of mastal flow circulation in relation Technological improvements to naval aviation weather [AD-A162022] p17 NE624034 to numerical modelling p31 A86-33631 support p34 A86-375% The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic Optimal disposition of satellitebacked drifting buoys in Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the rocks of the Black Mountain. Stonewall Mountain and Kane the South Atlantic p 31 A86-34488 Global Weather Experiment: Current Achievements and Springs Wash volcanic Centers in southern Nevada WATER COLOR Future Directions. volume 1 [ NASA-CR-17-05] p 24 N86-25912 Ocean color measurements p 28 A86-33488 [NASA-CR-176720] p36 N86-24120 Operational satellita support to scientific programs Physical interpretation of estuarine water color using Federal agency satellite requirements [AD-A165081] p 59 N86-27412 vector analysis of satellite data p 43 A86-33830 [AD-A165071] p59 N8627410 VEGETATION GROWTH Applicability of atmospheric correction algorithm for NOM satellite requirements forecast Scattering from a random layer embedded with dielectric CZCS data to Japanese coastal area --- Coastal Zone [ADA1652441 p40 NE627414 needles for applications to coniferous vegetation --- Color Scanner p 31 A86-33632 Satellitederived moisture profiles p 10 A8636045 WATER DEPTH [NOAA-NESDIS-24] p44 N86-27703 Navstar GPS (Global Positioning System) accuracy while Regression models for vegetation radar-backscattering WETLANDS surveying arrays of deep ocean transponders and radiometric emission p 10 A86-36046 Remote sensing investigations of wetland biomass and [AD-A163364] p 38 N86-26313 Distinguishing among tallgrass prairie cover types from productivity for global biosystems research WATER POLLUTION measurements of multispectral reflectance [NASA-CR-176725] p 14 N86-23994 Integrated global monitoring of the world ocean. p 10 A86-36047 WHEAT Volumes 1.2. a 3 Russian bo& p 24 A86-31350 Evapotranspiration over an agricultural region using a --- Diurnal patterns of bidirectional Vegetation indices for Environmental data sources for the Chesapeake Bay surface fluxltemperature model based on NOM-AVHRR wheat canopies p 1 A8530192 Area data p 10 A86-36237 Effect of dew on canopy reflectance and temperature [PB86-110640] p 35 N86-23211 Adding spatial considerations to the JABOWA model p 10 A8636049 Comprehensive integrated remote sensing for US of forest growth p 11 A8647014 Analysis of a resistance-energy balance method far Department of Energy applications Detection of biomass by an empiric albedo and spectral estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using [DE86-002101] p 17 N86-25036 reflectance model in the Sahara Desert from one-time-of-day infrared temperature Observations Landsat-imagery p 11 A8647015 WATER QUALITY Use of Thematic Mapper data to assess water quality p 13 A86-39148 The tasseled cap - Size, shape and orientation changes Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data in Green Bay and central Lake Michigan due to soil background -_- in soil brightness-plant and aerial photographs p 43 A8649004 greenness plane p 12 A8637035 [INPE-3824-PRE/900] p 15 NE626667 Environmental data sources lo( the Chesapeake Bay VEGETATIVE INDEX WIND (METEOROLOGY) Area Diurnal patterns of bidirectional vegetation indices for Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert [PB86tl0640] p 35 N86-23211 wheat canopies p 1 A8630192 surfaces: The Desert Winds Project WATER RUNOFF Vegetation index and possibility of complementary [Tl86-W108] p 24 N86-25099 Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on parameters from AVHRRl2 p 2 A8630197 Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and Landsat-MSS data p 42 A86-33505 Light interception and leaf area estimates from sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic WATER VAPOR measurements of grass canopy reflectance Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of p4 A8643557 [ AD-A1655521 p38 NE626517 momentum. heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine Reflectance modelling and the derivation of vegetation WIND DIRECTION atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable indices for an Australian semi-arid shrubland ,&eanic surface winds p27 A8633484 param et ers p7 A86-34740 Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and [ NASACR-1772831 p 41 N86-27837 Directional reflectance response in AVHRR red and sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic WATER WAVES near-IR bands for three cover types and varying Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters Observation of internal waves and seismic waves in the atmospheric conditions p 13 A86-39146 [ADA1655521 p 38 N86-26517 Sicilian Channel p 27 A8643392 VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION WIND EFFECTS Surface and internal wean wave observations Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian Wind dependence of L-band radar backscatter p 27 A8643485 Oceans p A8645860 Observations of the polar regions from satellites using 33 [ NASA-TM-877731 p39 NE626782 Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert active and passive microwave techniques VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION surfaces: The Desert Winds Project p28 A8633489 Remote sensing of vertical moisture profiles and clwd [T186-900108] p24 NE625099 The spatial evolution Of SAR denLed wave spectra in properties from simulated millimeter wave sounder and WIND EROSION the vicinity of Hurricane IVA p30 A8643602 microwave imager data p53 A8633547 Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert The SIR-B Extreme Waves Expeiiment in the southern VERTICAL ORIENTATION surfaces: The Desert Winds Project oceans p 30 A86-33607 Satellitederived moisture profiles [T186-900108] p 24 N86-25099 Waves predicted by the Global spectral Ocean Wave [NOM-NESDIS-24] p 44 N86-27703 WIND MEASUREMENT model off the west coast of Chile during the SIR-B VERY HIGH FREQUENCIES Seasat microwave wind and rain observations in severe mission p A8643608 The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing 30 tropical and midlatitude marine storms Simulations of SAR wave spectra using high spectral [SU-MI p56 N86-23025 p27 A8633486 VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION resolution estimates from the SCR and ROWS Passive remote sensing of stratospheric and High speed image processing system with custom VLSl instruments p 30 A8633611 mesospheric winds p53 A8633545 for DSP --Wgiil Signal Processor p 54 A8643641 Directional ocean wave spectra obtained from the A median filter approach for correcting errors in a vector VIDEO EQUIPMENT Shuttle Imaging Radar off the coast of Chile field p 29 A8643601 The emergence of airborne video techniques as an p 30 A8643612 A simple, ObjeCtNe analysis scheme for scatterometer alternative for accessing tropical environments - A An overview of the SAR intanal wave signature data --- Seasat A satellite observation of wind over historical perspectie p56 A8647007 experiment p 31 A86-33645 ocean p 32 A86-35550

A-2 1 WIND VELOCITY SUBJECT INDEX

Studies of complex terrain wnd llows using acoustlc sounder and optical cross-wnd remote sensors [DE86-002993] p 58 N86-25925 WIND VELOCITY Open ocean radar sea scatter measurements p 25 A8632599 WIND VELOCITY MEASUREMENT Oceanic surface winds p27 A8633484 WINTER Aircratt and satellite passwe microwave observations of the Benng Sea ice cover dunng MlZEX West p 32 A8635683

A-22 PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

EARTH RESOURCES / A Confinuing BibIiugraphy (Issue 57) OCTOBER 1986

Qpical Personal Author Index Listing

AMBROSIA, V. 0. BAKER, W. E. Analysis of forest/structure using thematic mapper GLAS experiments on the impact of FGGE satellite data simulator data p4 A8643540 on numerical weather prediction p 57 N86-24128 ANDERSON, J. M. BANNINGER, C. The applicability of LOWRAN 5 computer code to aerial Comparison between Landsat MSS and Thematic GREENBERG. J. S. thermographic data cwection p 48 A8644739 Mapper data for geobotanical prospecting in the Commercialization of the land remote sensing system ANDERSON, L A. Spanish-Portuguese Pynte Belt p 7 A8633628 rAn examination of mechanisms and issues Evaluation of Landsat MSS bands and transformations iE86-iW081 pitNM+14710 Navstar GPS (Global PositioningSystem) accuracy while , surveying arrays of deep wean transponders for detecting heavy metal stress in forest-covered areas [ AD-A1633641 p 38 N86-26313 p7 A8643629 ANDERSON, S. J. BARCALA, R. Remote sensing with the Jindalee skywave radar Contributions to the oceanography of the western Alboran Sea p 33 A86-36954 [ AD-A16201 91 p 37 N86-24173 APEL, J. R. BARKOV, N. 1. Surface and internal ocean wave ObseNationS Ice shelves of Antarctica p27 A8633485 [ PB86-1069861 p 35 N86-23208 An ovefview of the SAR internal wave signature BARRICK, D. E. experiment p31 A8643645 Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo Listings in this index are arranged alphabetically by ARANUVACHAPUN, S. p 27 A86-33483 personal author The title of the document provides Satellite remote sensing of atmospheric optical depth BARTELS. K. 1. spectrum p 55 A86-36785 the user with a brief descnption of the subject Lithologic signatures in multichannel SAR imagery ARMSTRONG, M. L p 45 A8633522 matter The report number helps to indicate the Nonparametric models and crop classification BARTLETT. 0. S. type of document listed (eg, NASA report, p6 A8633622 Assessing impacts of off-nadir Observation on remote translation. NASA contractor report) The page and ARNONE, R. sensing of vegetation - Use of the Suits model p 1 A8630193 accession numbers are located beneath and to the Contributions to the oceanography of the western Alboran Sea BATISTA, G. T. right of the title Under any one authors name the [AD-A162019] p 37 N86-24173 Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data accession numbers are arranged in sequence with ASANUMA, 1. and aerial photographs the AlAA accession numbers appearing hrst Satellite mermal observation of oil slicks on the Persian [ INPE-3824-PRE/900] p 15 N86-26667 Gulf p33 A8646048 BAUMGARTNER, M. F. ASRAR, 0. Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on Light interception and leaf area estimates from Landsat-MSS data p 42 A86733505 A stepwise hierarchical multi-binary approach in TM measurements of grass canopy reflectance A p4 A8643557 landuse classification p 46 A86-33597 BEAL, R. C. Distinguishing among tallgrass prairie cover types from MSE, J. K. The SIR-B Extreme Waves Experiment in the southern measurements of multispectral reflectance oceans p30 A8643607 Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs p 10 A86-36047 from remotely sensed information p 6 A8643579 BECK, F. 8. ABDOU, 1. E. ATLAS, R. Design and benefits of a multibeam Earth ObWNing Nonparametric models and crop classification GLAS experiments on the impact of FGGE satellite data Radar p29 A86-33591 on numerical weather prediction p 57 N86-24128 p6 A86-33622 BECKER, F. ABER, J. 0. Simulation studies related to the design of post-FGGE A stable iterative procedure to obtain soil surface Modelingthe controls of forest productivity using canopy observing systems p 57 N86-24160 parameters and fluxes from satellite data variables p 11 A8647016 AUMILLER, 8. p8 A8645678 AHERN, F. J. Satellite-borne 90 GHz radiometer experiment BEFORT, W. Forestry informationcontent of Thematic Mapper data (SABREX), phase A1 One step above ground truth - Airphoto keys for p8 A8644741 [DFVLR-MIlT-85-13] p 57 N86-24000 large-scale vegetation analysis p3 A8643538 ALEKSEEV, A. S. AUSTIN, R. W. BELIAEV, 8. 1. Technical and software facilities at a center for the Ocean color measurements p 28 A8643488 Possibility of small-scale physicogeographical processing of remote-sensing data p 48 A864651 1 AVDUEVSKII, V. S. regionalization using space spectrometry data ALEXANDER, 0. P. Agricultural and scientific space platforms p 16 A86-30974 Hydrologic modeling using Landsat MSS data p 1 A8629843 BERNARD, R. p 43 A86-37010 AZULI, s. Possible applications of the microwaves surface soil ALISHOUSE, J. C. A multiindex multitemporal approach to map crops in moisture remote sensing p6 A86-33582 Sea surface temperature determinations the early graving season: An application to two Italian Evapotranspiration over an agricultural region using a p 28 A8643487 irrigation districts: East Sesia and Grande Bonifiga surface fluxltemperature model based on NOM-AVHRR ALLEY, R. Ferr a r e se data p 10 A8636237 What are the best radar wavelengths, incidence angles [ICW-1611] p 15 N86-26674 BERNSTEIN, R. L. Sea surface temperature from satellites: The impact and polarizations for geologic applications? A statistical of FGGE p36 NE624161 approach p 21 A86-33592 B BEZDEK, J. C. ALLISON, 0. E. Segmentation of a Thematic Mapper image using the A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of BADHWAR, 0. 0. fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm p 9 A8645687 momentum, heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine Satellite-derivedleaf-area-index and vegetation maps as BHADURI, L atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable input to global carbon cycle models ~ A hierarchical Wind dependence of L-band radar backscatter parameters approach p 2 A8630194 p33 A8645860 [NASA-CR-177283] p41 NE627837 Estimation of biophysical properties of forest canopies BIEHL, L L A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of through inversion of microwave Scanerometer data Sun angle, view angle, and background effects on momentum, heal, and moisture of the cloud-topped marine p4 A8643542 spectral response of simulated balsam fir canopies atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics p 13 A86-39002 parameters in a boreal forest - Relationship beween Thematic Mapper BILLINGSLEY,0. H. [NASA-CR-177290] p41 N86-27853 band reflectance and leaf area index for Aspen Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert ALONSO, E. M. B. p8 A86-35677 surfaces: The Desert Winds Project Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic An information measure for class discrimination [T186-9001 081 p 24 N86-25099 drilting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 p 11 A86-36789 BINNENKADE, P. [INPE-3793-PRE/888] p 36 N86-24166 BAILEY, J. Semi-operational identification of agricultural crops from Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite airborne SLARdata p 12 A8647025 on shipboard and satellite-trackedbuoy data in Bransfield Program (DMSP) and the NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational BIRNIE, R. V. Strait. 9-14 March, 1985. part 3 Environmental Satellite (WES) program Millimeter-wave backscaner from snowcover [ INPE-3795-PRE/890] p36 N86-24168 [ADA1651 181 p 59 N86-27413 D 42 A86-33615

B- 1 BISHOP, W. P. PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

BISHOP, w. P. BROWN, 0. S. CARVER, K. R. Optimum management strategies for the NOAA Studies related to Ocean dynamics. Task 3.2 Aircraft 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Field Test Program to investigate the ability of remote Symposium (IGARSS '85), University of Massachusetts, polar4Ating operational environmental satellites, sensing methods to measure currenthind-wave Amhent. October 7-9. 1985, Digest. Volumes 1 8 2 1985-2000. Volume 1 interactions p 52 A86-33501 [AD-A165143] p 59 N86-28007 [NASA-CR-t68349] P 38 N86-25100 CAUDILL, C. E. BLACK, P. 0. BROWN, L Overview of the AgRlSTARS research program. I Seasat microwave wind and rain observations in severe Evidence of ongoing crustal deformation related to p2 A86-33503 tropical and midlatiude marine storms magmatic activity near Socwo, New Mexiw CAVALIER. D. J. p 27 A86-33486 p 18 A8637797 Reduction of weather effects in the calculation of sea BLAKE, N. BROWN, R. A. ice concentration from microwave radiances ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite A simple. objective analysis scheme for Scatterometer p26 A86-33104 requirements data p32 A86-35550 CAVALIERI, D. J. [NASA-TM-88752J p59 NE626355 BROWN, R. J. Observations of the polar regions from satellies using active and passive microwave techniques BLANCHARD, A. J. Microwave remote sensing of agricultural crops in p28 A86-33489 Utiliiation of active microwave roughness Canada pl AB6-30190 Aircraft and satellite passive microwave observations measurements to improve passive microwavesoil moisture Integration of high and low resolution satellite data for of the Bering Sea ice wver during MIZEX West estimates over bare soils p8 A86-35679 crop condition assessment p 12 A86-37020 BRUCE, B. p32 A86-35683 BLANCHARD, 0. J. CUENAVE, A. A preliminary analysis of Landsat MSS and TM data in Utilization of actia microwave roughness The effective elastic lithosphere under the Cook-Austral the Levack area, Sudbury, Canada p 20 A86-33519 measurements to improve passive microwavesoil moisture and Society islands p25 A86-32267 estimates over bare soils p8 A86-35679 BRUNFELDT, 0. R. CHAlTERJEE, 0. Microwave emission from row crops p 9 A8635681 BLANCHARD, R. J. Automatic cloud classification p 46 A86.33534 Backscatter measurements from simulated resonant BRYANT, N. A, CHEN, S. C. structures p4 A8633555 Landsat Thematic Mapper geodetic accuracy ~ Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data Implications for geocoded map compatibility and aerial photographs Buzouyc. H. p 18 A86-37024 Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condition [ INPE-3824-PRE19001 p 15 N86-26667 BUIS, J. S. and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A8637036 CHENEY, R. Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality Sea level time series in the equatorial Pacific from BLOETXHER. H. p 50 A8637032 Satellite altimetry p 34 A86-38648 Satellite-borne 90 GHr radiometer experiment BURNS, 0. A. CHERNIN, V. M. (SABREX). phase A1 Lithologic signatures in multi-channel SAR imagery Choice of spectral bands for a spaceborne multispectral [DFVLR-MIlT-85-13] p 57 N86-24000 p45 A86-33522 Scanner p 55 A8636514 BLOM. R. SAR remote sensing during MlZEX 84 CHESTERS, D. What are the best radar wavelengths, incidence angles p 29 A86-33561 Optimized retrievals of precipitable water fields from and polarizations for geologic applications? A statistical 100 MHz dielectric constant measurements of snow combinations of VAS satellite and conventional surface approach p21 A86-33592 wver Dependence on environmental and snow pack ObseNatiOnS p 43 A86-36193 BLONDA, P. N. parameters p42 A86-33613 CHHIKARA, R. S. Evaluation of crop acreage estimation methods using Landsat TM image forwardlreverse scan banding BUTERA, M. K. Characterization and correction p 49 A86-36790 A correlatmn and regression analysis of precent canopy Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 A86336W CHILTON, R. E. BLUESTEIN, H. 0. closure vs. TMS spectral responsefor selected forest sites Analysis of L-band multipolarizationradariamges for lava Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and in the San Juan National Forest, Colorado flow mapping p21 A8633593 tall tower measurementsof atmospheric flows in quiescent p3 A86-33539 CHOU, L C. and stormy weather Satellite cloud and precipitation analysis using a [NASA-CR-3960] p 56 N86-23159 minicomputer BOATRIGHT, J. C [AD-A163821] p58 N86-25084 Vegetation assessment using a combination of visible, CHOUDHURY. 0. J. near4 and thermal-IR AVHRR data p 5 A86-33577 CALMANT, S. Analysis of a resistancesnergy balance method for BOATWRIGHT, 0. 0. The effective elastic lithosphere under the Cook-Austral estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using Overview and highlights of Early Warning and Crop and Society islands p 25 A86-32267 one-time-of-day infrared temperature observations Condition Assessment project p5 A86-33576 CAMP, D. 0. p 13 A8639148 BODANSKII, E. D. Physical oceanography report: Camp-based and CHU, w. P. Formation of a digital data base for automated forest helicopter-based STD data from the drifting ice station SAGE Observations of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide FRAM 3 mapping p2 A86-32689 p55 A8636838 [AD-A163097] p 37 N86.24181 BODECHTEL, J. CIHLAR, J. MOMS01 (Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral CANNON, R. L Microwave remote sensing of agricultural crops in Segmentation of a Thematic Mapper image using the Scanner) for Earth ObseNatlOn: First results of STS-7 Canada p 1 A86-30190 fuzzy c-means clustering algonthm p 9 A86-35687 mission p57 N86-24003 CLARK, D. K. BOaOSLOVSKII, V. A. CARD, 0. H. Ocean color measurements p 28 A8633488 Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality COAKLEY, J. A., JR. Application of space imagery to the identification and geological-geophysical study of hidden plutons in early p 50 A86-37032 Remote sensing of clouds p52 A86-33533 COMPARD, S. Proterozoic troughs p20 A86-32682 CARDONE, V. J. SPOT ~ A high-precision view of the earth BONN, F. Oceanic surface winds p27 A86-33484 p 52 A86-31222 The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing Seasat microwave wind and rain obseNatins in severe tropical and midlatitude marine storms CONRADSEN, K. [SU-84] p 56 N86-23025 Statistical lineament analysis in South Greenland based BOREL, C. C. p 27 A86-33486 CARLOTTO, M. J. on Landsat imagery p22 A86-35676 Description of a databank of normalized radar cross CORNILLON. P. Techniques for multispectral image classification section of terrain p45 A86-33526 Satellite observations of sea surface cooling by p44 A86-32337 BOROVIKOV, A. M. hurricanes p 32 A86-35545 Method for the quantitative estimation of convergence Surface material classification based on spectral COTTER, D. in mapping in the case of the interpretation of space shape p6 A8633598 ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite photographs of oil-andgasbearing r-ns of Siia Spatial enhancement techniques for multichannel requirements p23 A86-36505 satellite imagery p47 A8633639 [NASA-TM-B8752] p59 N86-26355 8os, H. J. CARLSON, T. N. Federal agency Satellite requirements Map digitization offers new possibilities Preliminary assessment of soil moisture over [AD-A165071] p 59 N86-27410 [NLR-MP-84061-U] p 51 N86-23028 vegetation GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental BOTKIN, D. 0. [NASA-CR-177226] p 15 NE627704 Salellite)-nexiove~~iew Adding spatial considerations to the JABOWA model CARNES, J. 0. [ADA1650801 p59 NE627411 of forest growth p 11 A8637014 Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite BOYD, W. E. in a boreal forest - Relationship between Thematic Mapper Program (DMSP) and the NOMPolar-orbiting Operational Soil background effects on the spectral response of a band reflectanceand leaf area index for Aspen Environmental Satellite (POES) program three-component rangeland Scene p 9 A86-36044 p8 A86-35677 [AD-A165118] p 59 N86-27413 BRASS, J. A. CARR. J. NOAA satellite requirements forecast Analysis of forestlstructure using thematic mapper EOS radiometer concepts for soil moisture remote [ADA1652441 p40 N86-27414 COTTER, D. J. simulator data p4 A8633540 sensing Operational satellite support to scientific programs BREED, C. S. [NASA-CR-177854] p 14 NE623995 [ADA1650811 p 59 N86-27412 Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert CARSEY, F. D. CRACKNELL, A. P. Weddell-Scotia marginal ice zone observations from surfaces: The Des& Winds Prom sea The estimation of atmospheric effects for SPOT using [Tl88-900108] p24 N86-25099 space,October 1984 p 26 A8633105 AVHRR channel-1 data p 47 A86-34738 BRINDT, L CARVER, K. CRAWFORD, H. S. Diraction dependent interpolation of aeromagnetic Spacebotne Imaging Radar (SIR) project Estimation of the weight of vegetation using microwave data p23 A8637009 p53 A86-33586 transmission measurements p3 A8633524 E2 PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX FUNG, A. K.

CURLIS, J. D. DOVIAK, R. J. FEWROV, K. N. Geological mapping potential of computer-enhanced Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and Near-surface water circulation in the sub-Arctic frontal images from the Shuttle Imaging Radar - Lisbon Valley tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent zone (according to satellite data) p 25 A86-32676 Anticline, Utah p22 A86-36083 and stormy weather FEWTOV, S V. CURRAN. P. J. [NASA-CR-3960] p56 N86-23159 Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospheric

Small format, oblique. colour aerial photography ~ An DUBOIS. J. M. M. turbulence and sea roughness with reference to the study aid to the location of methane seepage The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing of complex systems p33 A86-36480 p 11 A8636783 [SU-84] p56 N86-23025 FERRARO, R. R., JR. DULEPOV. IU. A. Classification of geophysical parameters using passive Combination of air and space remote-sensing methods microwave satellite measurements p 47 A86-33626 D and geologicalgeophysical methods fw the purpose of FESTA, J. F. Heat budget and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic DAGGETT, P. H. Oil and gas exploration in the southern Permsk region p 23 A8636509 Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment, Structure of the southem Rio Grande rift from gravity 1979 interpretation p 18 A8637795 [PE86111622] p 35 N86-23213 DAMINOVA, T. A. E FIEDLER, F. Salyut-6 observation of color and brightness contrasts Contributions to the oceanography of the western cwrelated with ocean-bottom relief p 26 A86-32678 EDWARDS, 0. J. Alboran Sea DANILOV, A. 1. [ AD-A16201 91 p 37 N86-24173 Optimal disposition of satellite-tracked drifting buoys in Wavelength intensty indiies in relation to tree condition and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A86-37036 FILHO, P. H. the south Atlantic p31 A8634488 A proposal for a project entitled Assessment of Forest EILTS, M. D. DAUGHTRY. C. S T. Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and Sun angle, view angle. and background effects on Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent spectral response of simulated balsam fir canopies [ INPE-3828-NTE12551 p 15 NE626666 and stormy weather p 13 A8639002 FILY, M. [NASA-CR-3960] p N86-23159 DAVE, J. V. 56 Extracting sea ice data from satellite SAR imagery Segmentation of a Thematic Mapper image using the EL NASHARTY, A. F. p29 A86-33560 fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm p 9 A86-35687 Application of spaceborne and airborne techniques in FISCHER. J. DAVIS, A. W. mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastern Desert, On the information content of multispectral radiance Reflectance modelling and the derivation of vegetation Egypt p 23 A8637865 measurements over an ocean indices for an Australian semi-arid shrubland EL SHAZLY, E. M. [GKSS-85/E/43] p 40 N86-27697 p7 A8634740 Application 01 spaceborne and airborne techniques in FISHER, L DAWEI, L 1. mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastern Desert. NOM satellite requirements forecast A clustering almhm for remote sensing multispectral Esypt p23 A8637865 [ AD-A1652441 p40 N86-27414 data p51 A8637033 ELACHI, C. FISHER, P. C. DAWSON, 0. Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-8 radar Contributions to the oceanography of the western p4 A8633554 data - Preliminary results p 21 A8633552 Alboran Sea Spaceborne Imaging Radar (SIR) project FISHER, T. A. [AD-A162019] p 37 N86-24173 p 53 A8633586 Processing of multi-sensor remotely sensed data to a DE BOER, C. ELMAN, R. I. standard geocoded format p50 A8637019 On-board data comprewbn for advanced Landsat Formation of a dgital data base for automated forest FISK, D. J. p45 A8632368 mapping p2 A8632689 100 MHz dielectric constant measurements of snow DE LA TORRE, J. C. ENGHETA, N. cover Dependence on environmental and snow pack A measuring reference system to quantify the Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers parameters p42 A8633613 desertification process in a semiarid ecosystem based on p4 A8633554 FLEMING, E. L Landsat MSS data p 16 A863701 1 ENGLE, S. W. Characteristics of western region flash flood events in DEAN, K. The development of an MSS satellite imagery GOES imagery and conventional data Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea classification system p46 A8633596 [NOAA-TM-NESDIS-l3] p 44 N86-26668 [ NASA-CR-177310] p 39 N86-26783 ENGMAN. E. T. FLOOD, W. A. Studiis related to ocean dynamics. Task 3.2: Aircraft DEBLONDE, 0. Microwave backscatter and emission observed from Field Test Program to investigate the ability of remote Remote sensing of vertical moisture profiles and cloud Shuttle Imaging Radar 8 and an airborne 1.4 GHz semina methods to measure currentlwind-wave properties from simulated millimeter wave sounder and radiometer p53 A86-33584 interactions microwave imager data p 53 A8633547 EOM, H. J. [NASA-CR-168349] p 38 N88-25100 DELLWIG. L F. Scatteringfrom a random layer embedded with dielectric needles p 10 A8636045 FOERSTNER. W. Geological mapping potential of computer-enhanced Examples of the automated derivation of digital surlace Regression models for vegetation radar-backscattering images from the Shuttle Imaging Radar - Lisbon Valley models p48 A8635292 Anticline. Utah p22 A8636083 and radiometric emission p 10 A8636046 EREMEEV, V. N. FONG, Y.S. DEMENTEV, V. N. Estimation of the location parameter of a multispectral Optimal disposition of satellite-trackeddrifting buoys in The use of remote-sensingdata to predict regional and distribution by a median operator p 49 A8637006 local oil-and-gas-bearing structures within the the South Atlantic p 31 A8634488 EROMENKO, V. IA. FORD, J. P. Dneprovsk-Donetskpaleorift p 23 A8636508 Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging Quantitative assessment of the information content of Technical and software facilities at a center for the images of different scale on the example of diSiUnCtNeS radar p5 A8633565 processing of remote-sensing data p A863651 1 N Forest discrimination with multipolarizatin imaging 48 of Siberia p23 A86-36506 DENNER. W. W. ERSHOV. 0. A. radar p5 A86-33566 A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to Determinationof sea spectral reflectance from airborne FOWNES, J. arctic ambient noise. Part 3, Section 1: Ambient noise. measurements p26 A86-32683 Modelingthe controls of forest productivity using canopy Section 2 Ambient noise ESAIAS, W. E. variables p 11 A8637016 [ AD-A1653041 p 39 N86-26788 Satellite detection 01 phytoplankton export from the FRANCIS, P. W. A study 01 sea ice kinematics and their relationship to midAtlantic Eight during the 1979 spring bloom Thematic mapper studies of Andean volcanws arctic ambient noise. Part 3. section 3: Ambient noise [NASA-TM-88782] p41 NE627699 [F(ASA-CR-l76807] p24 N86-25866 [ AD-A1653051 p40 NE626789 ESKITE. W. H. FRASER, R. S DERRYBERRY. 8. A. Optimum management strategies for the NOM Directional reflectance response in AVHRR red and lntroductwy analyses of SIR-E radar data for Hawaii (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) near-IR bands for three mer types and vaMng p 21 A8633551 polar-orbiting operational environmental satellites. atmospheric conditions p13 A6639146 DESFOSSES, P. 1985-2000. Volume 1 FREI, U.

The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing , [AD-A1651431 p59 N86-28007 Landsat TM image forward/reverse scan banding [SU-84] p 56 N86-23025 EVERIlT, J. H. Characterization and correction p 49 A86-36790 DIETERLE. D. A. Classification of south Texas farm and range resources FROST, V. S. A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within using NOM7 AVHRR satellite imagery Geological mapping potential of computer-nhanced the mid-Atlantic bght p5 A8633558 images from the Shuttle Imaging Radar - Lisbon Valley [NASA-CR-177265] p39 NE626670 EYRE, J. R. Anticline, Utah p22 A8636083 Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the Estimation of sea-surface temperature from AVHRR FUKAI, M. mid-Atlantic Eight during the 1979 spring bloom data Comments on the paper by Singh et al. (1985) Research and development of the synthetic aperture p 31 A8634743 [ NASA-TM-887821 p 41 N86-27699 radar transmitter and receiver subsystem design and some DOMIK, 0. component test results p54 A8633636 Radar image simulation as a tool to analyre topographic F FUKUE, K. effects on geometry and radiometry of radar imagery High accuracy clustering using residual image p50 A6637026 FEDOR, L S. p49 A8637003 DOlT, M. S. Surface and internal wean wave ObseNationS FUKUSHIMA, H. A multiindex multitempwal approach to map crops in p 27 A8633485 Applicability of atmospheric correction algorithm for the early growing season: An application to two Italian Precipitation in tropical cyclones p 28 A8633490 CZCS data to Japanese coastal area p 31 A8633632 irrigation districts: East Sesia and Grande Eonifiga Measurement of sea ice backscatter characteristics at FUNG, A. K. Fwarese 36 GHz using the surface contour radar Scattering from a random layer embedded with dielectric [ICW-16111 p 15 N86-26674 p29 A86-33562 needles p 10 A8636045

8-3 FUSCO, L. PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

FUSCO, L GORDON, D. K. HAMU, A. Landsat TM image forwardlreverse scan banding A texture-enhancement procedure for separating Remote sensing for developing countries ~A case study Characterization and correction p 49 A8636790 orchard from forest in Thematic Mapper data of Tunisia p 15 A8630195 p 2 A8630198 HANCDCK, D. W., 111 GORDON, H. R. Spectral measurements in support of SIR-8 using the Ocean color measurements p28 A8633488 G Surface Contour Radar P A8633609 GRADY. L T. 30 HARALICK, R. Y. GADDIS, L R. Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians - Context classifier P 46 A8633535 Preliminary geologic anaiyses of SIR-E radar data for Some new methods and techniques for paleostress HARDISKY, Y. A. Hawaii p 21 A8633550 analysis p20 A8633518 Assessing impacts of off-nadir Observation on remote Introductory analyses of SIR-E radar data for Hawaii GRAETZ, R. D. sensing of vegetation . Use of the Suits model 021 A8633551 Reflectance modelling and the derivation of vegetation Analysis of L-band multipolarization radar iamges for lava indices for an Australian semi-arid shrubland P 1 A8630193 HARLOW, C. A. flow mapping p 21 A8633593 p7 A8634740 GALASSO. 0. A. GRANT, L Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and Sea ice dynamicsand regional meteorologyfor the Arctic Polarization photometer to measure bidirectional sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 reflectance factor R(55 deg, 0 deg. 55 deg. 180 deg) of Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters [PB86-148038] p 38 N86-25939 leaves p9 A8635748 [ ADA1 655521 P 38 N86-26517 GALLAGHER, J. 0. GREEN, G. M. HARRINGTON, R. F. Millimeter-wave backscatter from snowcover Use of SIR-A and Landsat MSS data in mapping shrub An airborne multiple-beam 1.4 GHz pushbrwm p 42 A863361 5 and intershrub vegetation at Kwnamore. South Australia microwave radiometer p6 A8633583 GARCIA, R. R. p13 A8639003 HARRIS, 8. A. Transient response to localized episodic heating in the GREEN, W. B. Assessment and trends of Florida's marine fisheries tropics p 51 NE627749 Image processing system interfaces habitat An integration of aerial photography and Thematic GARDNER, C. S. p44 A8632333 Mapper imagery p 34 A8637013 Remote sensing of atmospheric pressure and sea state GREGORY, A. F. HATCH, R. E. using laser altimeters p28 A8633529 Economical maintenance of a national topographic data Overview of the AgRlSTARS research program. I GARDNER, J. Y. base using Landsat images p48 A8636082 p2 A8633503 Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condition GRENFELL, 1. C. HAUSKA, H. and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A8647036 Multifrequency observations of hhtness temperature Direction dependent interpolation of aeromagnetic GASPAROVIC. R. F. of artificial new and young sea ice p 28 A8643514 data p23 A8637009 An overview of the SAR internal wave signature GRIEVE, R. A. F. HAWKINS, J. D. experiment p31 A8633645 Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-8 radar Seasat microwave wind and rain observations in severe Intensity modulation in SAR images of internal waves data ~ Preliminary results p 21 A8633552 tropical and midlatitude marine storms p A8635531 GRIFFIN, R. H. 32 p 27 A8633486 GATSKOV. V. 0. Remote sensing techniques for the detection of soil HAXBY, W. F. Combination of air and space remote-sensing methods erosion and the identification of soil conservation Evbnce for small-scale mantle convection from Seasat and geological-geophysical methods for the purpose of practices p3 A8633506 oil and gas exploration in the southem Permsk region GRIFFITH, C. G. altimeter data p25 A8631976 p 23 A8636509 Precipitation in tropical cyclones p 28 A8633490 HAYDN, R. GATTO, L W. GRISWOLD, L MOMS-01 (Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Ice conditions on the Ohio and Illinois Rivers, Practical photogrammetry from 35mm aerial Scanner) for Earth observation: First results of STS-7 1972-1985 p 42 A863361 7 photography p 55 A8636080 mission p 57 N86-24003 , GAUTIER, C. GRODY, N. C. HEACOCK, E. Evolution of the net surface shortwave radiation over Classification of geophysical parameters using passive Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite the Indian Ocean during summer MONEX (1979) - A microwave satellite measurements p 47 A8633626 Program (DMSP) and the NOMPolarorbiting Operational satellie description p 26 A8633120 GROLIER. M. J. Environmental Satellite (POES) program GAVRISH, V. K. Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert [AD-A165118] p 59 N86-27413 The use of remote-sensing data to predict regional and surfaces: The Desert Winds Project HEAD, J. W. local oil-and-gas-bearing structures within the [Tl86-900108] p 24 N86-25099 Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-B radar Dneprovsk-Donetsk paleorift p 23 A8636508 GUINDON. 8. data - Preliminary results p 21 A8633552 GENTRY, R. C. Microwave remote sensung of agricultural crops in HEBURN, 0. Seasat microwave wind and rain Observations in severe Canada p 1 A8630190 Contributions to the oceanography of the western tropical and midlatitude marine storms GURETSKII, V. V. Albcwan Sea p 27 A8633486 Optimal disposition of satellite-tracked drimng buoys in IAD-Al620191 p 37 N86-24173 GEOKHLANIAN, 1. KH. the South Atlantic p31 A86-34488 HEIWAN, J. L Structural features of the easterly jet stream according Soil background effects on the spectral response of a to satellite data p 26 A863331 5 three-component rangeland scene p 9 A8636044 GERRITSEN, F. A. H HELM, P. J. Map digitization offers new possibilities Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert HADDAD, K. D. [NLR-MP-84061-U] p 51 N86-23028 surfaces: The Desert Winds Project Assessment and trends of Flonda's marine fishenes GINZBURG, A. 1. [TI869001081 p24 NE625099 Near-surface water circulation in the sub-Arctic frontal habit An integration of aerial photography and Thematic HERMAN, N. zone (according to satellite data) p 25 A8632676 Mapper imagery p34 A8637013 Spaceborne Imaging Radar (SIR) project GLOERSEN, P. HADY, M. A. A. p 53 A8633586 Reduction of weather effects in tha calculation of sea Application of spaceborne and airborne techniques in HILL, C. L ice concentration from microwave radiances mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastern Desert, Ducks Unlimited Joint Research Project p 26 A86-33104 EWPt p23 A8637865 [NASA-TM-88755] p 14 N86-25032 Observations of the polar regions from satellites using HAEFNER, H. Timber Resources Inventory and Monitoring Joint active and passive microwave techniques Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on Research Project p 28 A8633489 Landsat-MSS data p42 A8633505 [ NASA-TM-887541 p 14 N86-25863 Aircraft and satellite passive microwave observations Resource monitoring oriented remote sensing data HILLS, A. of the Bering Sea ice cover during MlZEX West processing capabilities P 16 A8633643 A technique for assessing the severity of terrain p32 A86-35683 HAGAN, G. F. shadowing in mobile satellite service p 51 A8639545 GOKHMANN, B. Predicting tree groundline diameter from crown HINES, D. E. Landsat Thematic Mapper geodetic accuracy - measurements made on 35-mm aerial photography Spectral measurements in support of SIR-8 using the Implications for geocoded map compatibility p 13 A86-39006 Surface Contour Radar p30 A8633609 pl8 A86-37024 HAJEK, B. F. HIROSAWA, H. GOLDFINGER, A. D. Terrain height measurement by synthetic aperture radar Strategies for the calibration and operational use of the Agricultural applications for thermal infrared multispectral scanner data p 12 A8637034 with an interferometer p 55 A8634736 ERS-1 SAR wave mode HLAVKA, C. A. [JHU/APL/SDO-7565] p35 N86-23207 HALEY, M. Simulation studies related to the design of post-FGGE Land use mapping using edge density texture measures GOLDSTEIN, R. M. on Thematic Mapper simulator data p 47 A8633624 observing systems p57 N86-24160 Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality aperture radar observations pl8 A8633516 HALEY, G. M. Multispectral change detection using difference p50 A8637032 Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic HODGE. S. Y. classification and bitemporal classification aperture radar observations p 18 A86-36099 Radar sounding of Ice masses contalnlng llquld water GONULU, F. 1. p49 A8637004 p 30 A8633619 Surface and internal ocean wave observations HALL, F. 0. HOFFER. R. M. p 27 A8633485 Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics Hierarchical classification of multitemporal/multispectral The spatial evolution of SAR derived wave spectra in in a boreal forest Relationship between Thematic Mapper - scanner data p 49 A863701 7 the vicinity of Hurricane IVA p30 A8633602 band reflectanceand leaf area index foc Aspen HOGE, F. E. GORBUNOV, B. A. P8 A8635677 Highfrequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within Statistiil approach to the classitition of objects on HALLIKAINEN, M. the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft. and air and space remote-sensing images Remote sensing of snow water equivalent using in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment p 48 A8636515 Nimbus-7 SMMR data P 42 A8633616 [NASA-TM-88765] D 41 N86-27700 8-4 PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX KONDRATEV, K. IA.

HOLBEN, B. IRVINE, D. E. KANEMASU, E. T. Identifying deforestation in Brazil using multiresolution The spatial evolution of SAR derived wave spectra in Light interception and leaf area estimates from satellite data p 8 A8634742 the vicinity of Hunicane IVA p30 A86-33602 measurements of grass canopy reflectance Directional reflectance response in AVHRR red and ISMCS, R. 0. p4 A86-33557 near-IR bands for three cover types and varying Remote sensing of vertical moisture profiles and cloud Distinguishingamong tallgrass prairie cover types from atmospheric conditions -.p 13 A8639146 properties from simulated millimeter wave sounder and measurements of multispectral reflectance HOLT, 8. microwave imager data p 53 A8633547 p 10 A8636047 Weddell-Scotia sea marginal ice zone observations from ISMCSON, D. L KANUYA, A. space, October 1984 p 26 A8633105 The influence of observational interdependence on High speed image processing system with custom VLSl HORII, S. spectral reflectance relationships with plant and soil for DSP p 54 A86-33641 High speed image processing system with custom VLSl variables p 2 A8630196 KASISCHKE. E. for DSP p54 A8633641 ISAKOV, V. T. Verification of L-band SAR calibration HORLER, D. N. ti. Salyut-6 observation of color and brightness contrasts p 54 A8633634 Forestry information content of Thematic Mapper data correlated with ocean-bottom relief p A8632678 KASISCHKE, E. S. p8 A8634741 26 ITTEN, K. 1. SAR-obse~edinternal wave signatures from SARSEX HORNSBY, J. K. Initial observations Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on . p31 A8633646 A preliminary analysis of Landsat MSS and TM data in SAR observed internal wave signatures from Landsat-MSS data p 42 A8643505 the Levack area, Sudbury. Canada p 20 A8633519 SARSEX-comparisons with SAR imaging models A stepwise hmrarchical multi-binary approach in TM HOUSTON, A. 0. p 31 A8643647 Evaluation of crop acreage estimation methods using landuse classification p46 A8633597 KATS, IA. 0. Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 A8633806 Resource monitoring oriented remote sensing data Interpretation of ring structures on space images and HOVIS, W. A. processing capabilities p16 A8633643 their correlation with geophysical fields and crustal Ocean color measurements p28 A8633488 IVANCHENKO, 0. N. structure in the USSR p 19 A8632681 HOWARD, R. J. Computer-aided interpretation of space images with the KAUPP, v. H. High resolution millimeter-wave imaging sensor aim of structural analysis p20 A8632690 Preliminary analysis of SIR-B images for stereo p54 A86-33590 IVANOV, L M. applications p 45 A863351 5 HOWLAND, W. 0. Optimal disposition of satellite-trackeddrifting buoys in Preliminary geologic analyses of SIR-B radar data for Photogrammetry and remote sensing in periglacial the South Atlantic p31 A86-34488 Hawaii p 21 A8633550 geomorphology p 20 A8633517 IZRAEL, IU. A. Introductory analyses of SIR-B radar data for Hawaii HSU, L c. Integrated global monitoring of the world ocean. p 21 A8633551 The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic Volumes 1, 2. 8 3 p 24 A8631350 Analysis of L-bandmultipolarization radar iamges for lava rocks of the Black Mountain, Stonewall Mountain and Kane IZUMI, 1. flow mapping p 21 A8633593 Springs Wash volcanic centers in swthem Nevada Research and development of the synthetic aperture KAUNTSEV, V. A. [NASA-CR-176805] p24 N86-25912 radar transminer and receiver subsystem design and some Application of space imagery to the identification and HSU, S. A. component test results p54 A8633636 geological-geophysical study of hidden plutons in early Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and Proterozoic troughs p20 A8632682 sea-stale data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic KAZMIN, A. S. Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters J Some features of small-scale ocean eddies according [ADA1655521 p 38 N86-26517 to an analysis of satellite images p 25 A8632677 HUANG, N. E. KELLER, 0. R. JACK, J. W. Studies related to ocean dynamics. Task 3.2 Aircran Structure of the southern Rio Grande rift from gravity Applications of sensor payloads p 56 A8647343 Field Test Program to investigate the ability of remote interpretation p 18 A86-37795 sensing methods to measure currentlwind-wave JACKSON, P. L KELLEY, E. A., JR. interactions Verification of L-band SAR calibration Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA program, [NASA-CR-168349] p38 N86-25100 p 54 A86-33634 OPTOMAl7: OPTOMA17 P. 21 July 1985, OPTOMA17 HUETE, A. R. JACKSON. R. D. leg DI. 10-22 August 1985.OPTOMAl7 leg DII. 23 August The tasseled cap - Size, shape and orientation changes Detection and evaluation of plant stresses for crop - 5 September 1985 due to soil background p 12 A8637035 management decisions p5 A8633578 [ AD-A1620671 p 37 N86-24176 Separation of soil-plant spectral mixtures by factor Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs KIERMANN, H. analysis p 13 A8639147 from remotely sensed information p 6 A8633579 Satellite-borne 90 GHz radiometer experiment HUH, 0. K. The tasseled cap - Size, shape and orientation changes (SABREX), phase A1 Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and due to soil background p 12 A86-37035 [ DFVLR-MITT-85-13] p 57 N86-24000 sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic JARMAN, J. KILLEEN. J. M. Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite Distinguishingamong tallgrass prairie cover types from [ ADA1655521 p38 N8626517 requirements measurements of multispectral reflectance HUSSEY, J. [NASA-TM-88752] p 59 N86-26355 p 10 A8636047 GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental KIM. M. Satellite)-next overview JENSEN, J. R. Application of LANDSAT TM images to assess An improved hybrid classifier p8 A8634744 [ AD-A1650801 p 59 N86-27411 KIMES, D. HUTSINPILLER. A. circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons [NASA-CR-1773151 p 44 N86-26665 Directional reflectance response in AVHRR red and The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic near-IR bands for three cover types and varying rocksof the Black Mountain. Stonewall Mountain and Kane JOHNSON, D. E. Distinguishingamong tallgrass prairie cover types from atmospheric conditions p 13 A8639146 Springs Wash volcanic centers in southern Nevada measurements of multispectral reflectance KING, C. [NASA-CR-176805] p 24 N86-25912 p 10 A86-36047 Studies of complex terrain wind flows using acoustic JOHNSON, R. W. sounder and optical cross-wind remote sensors I Assessing impacts of off-nadir ObSBNatiOn on remote [DE86-002993] p 58 N86-25925 sensing of vegetation - Use of the Suits model KISELEVSKII. L I. Possibility of small-scale physicogeographical IAKOVLEV, S. 0. p 1 A8630193 regionalization using space spectrometry data Determination of the spectral characteristics of natural JOHNSON. TH. p 16 A8630974 objects on test ranges, and aspects of the efficiency of A stepwise hierarchical multi-binary approach in TM KITOV A. D. space systems p 11 A8636697 landuse classification p 46 A86-33597 IDSO, S. B. JOHNSON, W. he possibility of applying different types of Detection and evaluation of plant stresses for crop Vegetation assessment using a combination of visible, image-analysis software to environment-protection problems p 16 A8636513 management decisions p5 A8633578 near-IR and thermal-IR AVHRR data p 5 A86-33577 Analysis of a resistance-energy balance method for JOLMA, P. KJERFVE, 8. estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using Remote senslng of snow water equivalent using Application of LANDSAT TM images to assess one-time-of-day infrared temperature observations Nimbus-7 SMMR data p 42 A8633616 circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons p 13 A8639148 JONSSON, L [NASA-CR-177315] p44 Ne626665 IISAKA, J. Satellite imaging of coastal flow circulation in relation KLEMAS. V. Satellite thermal Observation of oil slicks on the Persian to numerical modelling p 31 A86-33631 Assessing impacts of off-nadir Observation on remote Gulf 033 A8636048 JOO, H. sensing of vegetation - Use of the Suits model ILINA, E. 8. Context classifier p 46 A8643535 p 1 A8630193 Application of space imagery to the identification and JORDAN, T. H. Remote sensing investigations of wetland biomass and geological-geophysical study of hidden plutons in early Plate motions and deformations from geologic and productivity for global biosystems research Proterozoic troughs p20 A8632682 geodetic data [NASA-CR-176725] p 14 N86-23994 IMAI, H. [NASA-CR-1772991 p 18 N86-26741 KOBAYASHI, N. On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget Plate motions and deformations from geologic and Terrain height measurement by synthetic aperture radar p 40 N86-27695 geodetic data with an interferometer p55 A8634736 [NASA-CR-l77313] p 19 N86-27833 INGHAM, A. E. KOGUT. J. A. Position fixing afloat p 33 A86-36788 Classification of geophysical parameters using passive INOSTROZAV, H. M. K microwave satellite measurements p 47 A86-33626 Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based KONDRATEV, K. IA. on shipboard and satellite-tracked buoy data in Bransfield KALNAY, E. Environment and climate p 16 A8638677 Strait, 9-14 March, 1985. part 3 GLAS experiments on the impact of FGGE satellite data The effect of the atmosphere on the satellite remote [ INPE-3795-PRE18901 p36 N86-24168 on numerical weather prediction p 57 N86-24128 sensing of earth resources p 56 A86-39969

B-5 KOO, J. Y. PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

KOO, J. Y. LEVINE, D. MACKINNON, D. J. An improved hybrid classifier p8 A8644744 Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert KORONOVSKII, N. V. (ESTAR) system design, calibration, and sensitivity surfaces: The Desert Winds Project Computer-aidedinterpretati of space images with the p53 A8633588 IT1869001081 p 24 N86-25099 aim of slructural analysis p20 AS32690 LEVY, 0. MAGILL, K. E. KORZH. V. D. A simple, objective analysis scheme for scatterometer Application of LANDSAT TM images to assess Investigation of the content of trace elements in sea data p 32 A86-35550 circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons aerosols and the surface microlayer off sea water LEWIS, J. K. [NASA-CR-t77315] p44 N86-26665 A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to p32 A8634754 MAKALOVSKII, V. V. KOVALENOK. V. V. arctic ambient noise. Part 3, Section 1: Ambient noise. Cornbination of air and space remote-sensing methods Section 2 Ambient noise Salyut-6 observation of calor and brightness contrasts and geological-geophysical methods for the purpose of correlated with ocean-bottom relief p 26 A86-32678 [ AD-A1653041 p39 N86-26788 oil and gas exploration in the southern Permsk region A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to KOZHEVNIKOV, B. K. p 23 A8646509 arctic ambient noise. Part 3. section 3: Ambient noise Technical and software facilities at a center for the MAKTAV, D. [ADA1653051 p40 N86-26789 processing of remote-sensing data p 48 A863651 1 The study of the natural geographic differences in the LICHY, D. coastal areas of water covered parts of Marmara region KOZODEROV, V. V. ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite in Turkey with the help of Landsat4 MSS data using an The effect 01 the atmosphere on the satellite remote requirements unsupervised classification algorithm with Euclidean sensing of earth resources p56 A86-39969 [ NASA-TM-887521 p59 NE626355 KUBO, M. LILLESAND, T. M. distance p 43 A8647012 High speed image processing system with custom VLSl Use of multitemporal spectral profiles in agricultural MANLEV, T. 0. for DSP p54 A8643641 land-cover classification p 10 A8636084 Marginal ice zone experiment - 1984, physical KUBOTA, 1. Use of Thematic Mapper data to assess water quality oceanography report: USNS Lynch and helicopter-based On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget in Green Bay and central Lake Michigan STD data p 40 N86-27695 p43 AM-39004 [ AD-A1630961 p 37 N86-24180 KULAKOV, A. P. LIPA, B. J. Physical oceanography report: Camp-based and Investigationof the earth from space. A new contribution Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo hehmpler-based STD data from the drilting ice slation to the development of structural geomorphology p27 A8633483 FRAM 3 p 22 A8646504 LIPOVSCAK, B. [AD-A1630971 p 37 N86-24181 KUMAR, R. Automatic cloud classification p 46 A8643534 MARGOLIS, J. S. Wind dependence of L-band radar backscatter LIRA, J. Passive remote sensing of stratospheric and p33 A8635860 A measuring reference system to quantify the mesospheric winds p 53 A86-33545 KUNIYASU, Y. deserlification process in a semiarid ecosystem based on MARKS, 8. High speed image processing system with custom VLSl Landsat MSS data p 16 A8647011 On-bard data compression for advanced Landsat for DSP p54 A8633641 LIU, J. p45 A8632368 Application of Shuttle imaging radar data for land use KUROCHKIN, V. S. MARYOIEJO, E. investigations p 51 A86-39150 Combination of air and space remote-sensing methods Heat budget and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic LLEWELLYN-JONES, D. T. and geological-geophysicalmethods lor the purpose of Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment. I ERS-1 - Our new window on the oceans for the 1990s oil and gas exploration in the southern Permsk region 1979 p 34 A8638718 p23 A8636509 [PB86111622] p35 NE623213 LO, T. H. C. KUZMINA, N. P. MARTIN, S. Use of multitemporal spectral profiles in agricultural Weddell-Scotia sea marginal ice zone observations from Some features of small-scale mean eddies according land-cover classification p 10 A8636084 to an analysis of satellite images p 25 A8632677 space, October 1984 p 26 A8633105 LONG, v. L MARTINEC, J. Sea ice dynamics and regional meteorologyfor the Arctic Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on ' polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 Landsat-MSS data p42 A86-33505 L [ PB86-1480381 p 38 N86-25939 MARTINKO, E. A. LOZANO-GARCIA, D. F. Research on enhancing the utilization of digital LACKEY, J. G. Hierarchicalclassification of multitemporallmultispectral multispectral data and geographic information systems in hprehensive integrated remote sensing for US scanner data p 49 A8647017 global habitability studies Department of Energy applications LUNDGREN, J. C. [NASA-CR-177294] p 17 NE626669 [DE86-002101] p 17 N86-25036 Evaluation of crop acreage estimation methods using MARUYAMA, T. LAMBERT. S. J. Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 A86-33606 Estimation of monthly rainfall from satelliteobserved Stable-isotope studies of groundwaters in southeastern LVBANON, M. cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific New Mexico Ocean wave slope statistics from automated analysis p43 A8636234 [DE860025901 p 43 N86-23027 of sun glitter photographs MASTIN, G. A. LARSEN, S. [ AD-A161 9951 p 37 N86-24172 Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and Evidence of ongoing crustal deformation related to LYNN, D. W. sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic magmatic activity near Socorro. New Mexico Monotemporal, multitemporal. and multidate thermal Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters p 18 A8637797 infrared data acquisition from satellites for soil and [AD-A165552] p 38 N86-26517 IARSON, R. W. surface-material survey p 1 A8630191 MATSON, M. Lithologic signatures in multi-channel SAR imagery LYZENGA, D. Hydrologic and land sciences applications of NOAA p 45 A8643522 Simulations of SAR wave spectra using high spectral polarorbiting satellite data p 43 N86-23993 100 MHz dielectric constant measurements of snow resolution estimates from the SCR and ROWS NOAA Atlas: An atlas of satelliederived Northern cover Dependence on environmental and snow pack instruments p30 A8643611 Hemispheric snow merfrequency p 44 N86-24075 parameters p42 A86-33613 LYZENGA, D. R. MAUGHAN. P. M. Verification of L-band SAR calibration SAR-observed internal wave signatures from SARSEX A multi-national consortium opportunity tor remote p 54 A8643634 - Initial observations p31 A8633646 sensing p 58 A8634111 LATHROP, R. 0.. JR. SAR observed internal wave signatures from MCARDLE, R. Use of Thematic Mapper data to assess water quality SARSEXcomparisons with SAR imaging models ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite in Green Bay and central Lake Michigan p31 A86-33647 requirements I p 43 A8649004 [NASA-TM-88752] p59 N86-26355 LAUCHT, n. WAULE. W. MOMS-Ot (Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral M Analysis of airborne Dqpler li. Doppler radar and Scanner) for Earth observation: First results of STS-7 tall tower measurements of atmosphericflows in quiescent mission p 57 N86-24003 MACWNALD. H. C. and stormy weather i Preliminary analysis of SIR-B images for stereo LAWRENCE, R. W. [NASA-CR-3960] p 56 N86-23159 An airborne multiplebeam 1.4 GHz pushbroom applications p45 A86-33515 MCCAULEV, C. K. Preliminary geologic analyses of SIR-B radar data for I miwowave radiometer p6 A86-33583 Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert Hawaii p 21 A86-33550 Microwave backscatter and emission observed from surfaces: The Desert Winds Project Introductory analyses of SIR-B radar data for Hawaii Shuttle Imaging~. Radar 8 and an airborne 1.4 GHz [T186900108] p24 N86-25099 radiometer p 53 A86-33584 p 21 A8633551 Analysis of L-bandmultipolarization radar iamges for lava YCCAULEY, J. F. LAZAREV, A. 1. Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert flow mapping p21 A8633593 Salyut-6 observation of color and brightness contrasts surfaces: The Desert Winds Project , correlated with ocean-bottom relief p 26 A86-32678 MACWNALD, R. B. [T186-900108] p24 NE625099 LEE, D. C. L Satellitederivedleaf-area-index and vegetation maps as MCCLAIN, E. P. A proposal for a project entitled Assessment of Forest inpot to global Carbon cycle models - A hierarchical Sea surface temperature determinations Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations approach p2 A8630194 p 28 A86-33487 Industrial Development Organization (UNIW) Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics MCCLEESE, D. J. I INPE-3828-NTE12551 p 15 N86-26666 in a boreal forest - Relationship betwean Thematic Mapper Passive remote sensing of stratospheric and LEE, T. band reflectance and leaf area index for Aspen mesospheric winds p53 A8633545 Multisource data analys~s in remote sensing and p8 A86-35677 MCCORMICK. M. P. geographic information processing p 50 A8637022 MACKENZIE, J. S. SAGE Observations of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide LEPPAERANTA, M. Use of Seasat SAR imagery for geological mapping in p 55 A8646838 Investigation of ice dynamics in the marginal ice zone a volcanic terrain - Askja Cakiera, Iceland Transpott processes as manifested in satellite and lidar [ADA1643641 p38 N86-25962 p 19 A8630189 aerosol measurements D 17 NE627788 B-6 PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX PARK, K. H.

MCELROY, J. H. MONALDO. F. M. NILSSON, 0. The evolution of remote sensing xience and The spatial evolution of SAR derived wave spectra in Statistical lineament analysis in South Greenland based applications p58 A86-37002 the vicinity of Hurricane IVA p30 A86-33602 on Landsat imagery p22 A8635676 MCEWEN, R. 8. Directional ocean wave spectra obtained from the NISHIKOWA, K. Research, investigations and technical developments: Shuttle Imaging Radar off the coast of Chile Research and development ol the synthetic aperture National mapping program, 1983-1984 p 30 A86-33612 radar transmitter and receiver subsystem design and some [PB861660971 p 17 N86-26675 MONTGOMERY, D. component test results p54 A8633636 MCINTOSH, R. E. NOAA satellite requirements forecast NIlTA, T. Description of a databank of normalized radar cross [ ADA1652441 p 40 N86-27414 Estimation of monthly rainfall from satellite-Observed secti of terrain p45 A8633526 MOOERS, C. N. cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific MCKEE, 8. K. Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA program, p 43 A8636234 Modified cubic convolution resampling for Landsat OPTOMAl7: OPTOMAl7 P. 21 July 1985. OPTOMA17 NIXON, P. R. p47 A8633640 leg DI, 10-22 August 1985,OPTOMA17 leg DII. 23 August Spectral components analysis - A bridge between MCNUlT, L spectral observations and agrometeorological crop ~ 5 September 1985 Weddell-Scotiasea marginal ice zone observations from [ADA1620671 p 37 N86-24176 models p7 A86-33627 space, October 1984 p26 A8633105 NOBLE, D. D. MOORE, H. D. MCPHERSON, R. D. The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic Economical maintename of a national topographic data Oceanic surface winds p27 A8633484 rocks of the Black Mountain. Stonewall Mountain and Kane base using Landsat images p48 A8636082 MCROY. C. P. Springs Wash volcanic centers in southem Nevada Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea MOORE, R. K. [NASA-CR-176805] p 24 N8625912 [NASA-CR-177310] p39 NE626783 Identification of ma@ backscanecing sources in trees NOVAES, R. A. MEHTA, N. C. and Shrubs at 10 GHz p 13 A86-39149 A proposal for a project entitled Assessment of Forest Satellitederivedleaf-area-index and vegetation maps as MOREIRA, M. A. Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations input to global carbon cycle models - A hierarchical Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) approach p 2 A8640194 and aerial photographs [ INPE-3828-NTE/255] p 15 N86-26666 MEHTRE, B. M. [ INPE-3824-PRE19001 p 15 N86-26667 NUESCH, D. R. Automatic cloud classification p 46 A8633534 MORGAN, P. Resource monitoring oriented remote sensing data MEIER, E. H. Structure of the southern Rio Grande rift from gravity processing capabilities p 16 A8633643 Resource monitoring oriented remote sensing data interpretation p 18 A86-37795 processing capabilities p 16 A8633643 MORRISON, D. 8. MEISSNER, D. Machine processing of remotely sensed data . 0 MOMS-01 (Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Quantifying global process: Models, sensor systems, and Scanner) for Earth observation: First results of STS-7 analytical methods: Proceedings of the Eleventh OCHOA, M. C. mission p57 N86-24003 International Symposium, Purdue University, West Agricultural applications for thermal infrared MELFI, S. H. Lafayette. IN, June 25-27, 1985 p 56 A86-37001 multispectral scanner data p 12 A8647034 Lidar observations of the planetary boundary layer MOUGINISMARK, P. J. OOISHIMA, T. p 29 A86-33532 Preliminary geologic analyses of SIR-B radar data for Applicability of atmospheric correction algorithm for MENGEL, S. K. Hawaii p21 A8633550 CZCS data to Japanese coastal area p 31 A8633632 Machine processing 01 remotely sensed data - MOWER, R. D. OHRING, 0. Quantifying global process: Models. Sensor systems, and The emergence of airborne video techniques as an NOAA plans for remote sensing of the earth, Oceans analytical methods; Proceedings 01 the Eleventh alternative for accessing tropical environments - A and atmosphere p 52 A8633502 International Symposium, Purdue University. West historical perspective p56 A86-37007 Operational satellite support to scientific programs Lafayette. IN, June 25-27, 1985 p 56 A8637001 MUEKSCH, M. C. [AD-A165081] p59 N86-27412 MERCHANT. J. W. Detection of biomass by an empiric albedo and spectral ONEILL, P. E. Research on enhancing the utilization of dgital reflectance model in the Sahara Desert from Passive microwave soil moisture research multispectral data and geographic information systems in Landsat-imagery p 11 A86-37015 p 2 A86-33504 global habitability studies YUNEYAMA, I(. ONSTOIT, R. 0. [NASA-CR-177294] p 17 N86-26669 Satellite thermal observation of oil slicks on the Persian 100 MHz dielectric constant measurements of snow YEYERS, M. B. GuH p33 A8636048 cover Dependence on environmental and snow pack A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within MURTHY. N. N. parameters p 42 A8633613 the mid-Atlantic bght Automatic doud classification p 46 A86-33534 OVERLAND, J. [ NASA-CR-1772651 p39 N86-26670 MUSTARD, J. F. Oceanic surface winds p27 A8633484 YIKHALTSOV, E. 0. Spectroscopy of Moses Rock dike using remote OLGA, M. Technical and software facilities at a center for the sensing p 21 A86-33521 USDAlSRS software for Landsat MSS-based processing of remote-sensing data p 48 A863651 1 MYHRE, D. L crop-acreage estimation p6 A8633605 MILBERT, D. Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condition Sea level time series in the equatorial Pacific from and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A86-37036 satellite altimetry p34 A86-38648 P MILENOVA, L 1. Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the N PACHECODOSSANTOS, A. western part of the Black Sea p 26 A86732679 A proposal lor a project entitled Assessment 01 Forest MILLER. L NACINI, E. Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations Sea level time series in the equatorial Pacific from An atlas of original and rnercator-transformed Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) satellite altimetry p34 A86-38648 satellite-data images of the Alborsn Sea. August-October [ INPE-3828-NTE/255] p 15 N86-26666 MILLER, M. W. 1983 PALAGIN. IU. I. Commercial applications of the Navstar Global [AD-A161898] p 36 N86-24170 Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospheric Positioning System p 54 A86341 12 NAKAHARA, S. turbulence and sea roughness with reference to the study MINIELLY, N. Monthly maps of 588 level anomalies in the Pacific. 1975 of complex systems p33 A86-36480 Processing of multi-sensor remotely sensed data to a 1981. Report on the IGOSS (Integrated Global Ocean PALM, S. P. standard geocoded format p 50 A86-37019 Sewices System) Sea Level Pilot Project ,Lidar observations of the planetary boundary layer MITCHELL. L P. [AD-A163061] p 38 N86-25104 p 29 A86-33532 'New opportunities in remote sensing' NAKUAWA, T. PANASENKO, V. N. p 58 A86341 18 lntraseasonal variations of OLR in the tropics during Aspects of the geological interpretation of geophysical MITCHELL, T. P. the FGGE year p48 A%-36227 fields and results of air and space remote-sensing Relationships between surface Observations over the NARAYANAN, R. M. observations of oil-and-gas-bearingterritories global oceans and the southern oscillation Description of a databank of nwmalized radar cross p 23 A86-36510 section of terrain p 45 A86-33526 [PB86-110038] p 35 N86-24112 PANASENKO, V. V. NEDOSHOVENKO, A. 1. YO, T. Aspects of the geological interpretation of geophysical The use of remote-sensing data to predict regional and Microwave backscatter and emissbn observed from fields and results of air and space remote-sensing local oil-andgas-bearing structures within the Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz ObSeNatiOnS of oil-and-gas-bearingterritories Dneprovsk-Donetskpaleorift p23 A86-36508 p 23 A86-36510 radiometer p53 A86-33584 NEFF, W. MOCCIA, A. Studies of complex terrain wind flows using acoustic PANGBURN, T. An integrated approach to geometric precision sounder and optical cross-wind remote sensors ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite requirements processing of spaceborne high-resolution senms [DE860029931 P 58 N86-25925 p55 A8634737 NELSON. R. [ NASA-TM-88752I p59 N8626355 MOONARD, N. M. Identifying deforestation in Brazil using multiresolutin PAPAS, C. H. Observations of the polar regions from satellites using satellite data p8 A86-34742 Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers active and passive microwave techniques NICHOLS, J. D. p4 A8633554 p28 A8633489 Conceptual design study: Forest Fire Advanced System PARIS, J. F. MOLINAN, R. L Technology (FFASTI Radar scatterometer probing of thick vegetation Heat buQet and climatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic 1JPL-PUBL-8651 p 14 N86-25034 canopies p3 A8633523 Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment. NICHOLSON, H. E. PARK. K. H. 1979 Technological improvements to naval aviation weather A non-stationary contextual classifier with improved [PEE61 116221 P 35 N86-23213 support p 34 A86-37506 accuracy p 47 A86-33621

6-7 PARKS, G. S. PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

PARKS, 0. S. PORCH, w. M. RICHARDSON, A. J. High resolution millimeter-wave imaging sensor Studies of complex terrain wind flows using acoustic Diurnal patterns of bidirectional vegetation indices for p 54 A8633590 sounder and optical cross-wind remote sensors wheat canopies p 1 A8630192 PARMENTER-HOLT, F. [DE860029931 p 58 N86-25925 Classification of south Texas farm and range resources Hydrologic and lend sciences applications of NOAA POSCOLIERI, M. using NOAA7 AVHRR satellite imagery polar-orbiting satellite data p43 NE623993 Lineament analysis in a test area of northern p 5 A8643558 PARRISH, J. 8. Mozambique p 20 A%-33520 Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs Near infrared leaf reflectance modeling POWELL, R. J. from remotely sensed information p 6 A86-33579 p 4 A0633556 Relative vertical positioning using ground-level Spectral components analysis ~ A bridge between transponders with the ERS-1 altimeter PARSONS, C. L spectral observations and agrometeorological crop Design and benefits of a multibeam Earth Observing p33 A86-35688 PRAKASH, A. models P7 A8633627 Radar p 29 A86-33591 Modified cubic convolution resampling for Landsat RIGTERINK. P. V. PASOUARIELLO,G. Detecting desert locust breeding grounds in the Sahel p 47 A86-33640 Landsat TM image forward/reverse scan banding PREVOST, C. with satellite data p 16 A8632537 Characterization and correction p 49 A8636790 S. Integration of high and low resolution satellite data for RINGROSE, P. Use of Seasat SAR imagery for geological mapping in PAUL, C. crop condition assessment p 12 A86-37020 a volcanic terrain Askja Caldera, Iceland ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite PRICE, J. F. - requirements Satellite obsenrations of sea surface cooling by p 19 A8630189 RIPPLE, W. J. [NASA-TM-88752] p 59 N86-26355 hurricanes p 32 A86-35545 The influence of Observational interdependence on PEASE, C. H. PYLE, T. spectral reflectance relationships with plant and soil Sea ice dynamics and regional meteorologyfor the Arctic NOAA satellite requirements forecast polynya experiment (APEX)-BeringSea 1985 [AD-A1652441 p 40 N86-27414 variables p 2 A86-30196 [ PB861480381 p 38 N86-25939 ROBERTS, A. Practical photogrammetry from 35-mm aerial PECH, R. P. Reflectance modelling and the derivation of vegetation R photography p 55 A8636080 ROBINSON, W. 0. indices for an Australian semi-arid shrubland Optimized retrievals of precipitable water fields from p7 A86-34740 RABIN, R. combinations of VAS satellite and conventional surface PELLETIER, R. E. Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar. Doppler radar and tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent observations p 43 A8636193 Remote sensing techniques for the detection of soil ROCK, 8. N. erosion and the identification of soil conservation and stormy weather Field and airborne spectral characterizationof suspected practices p3 A8633506 [NASA-CR-3960] p 56 N86-23159 RAFFY. M. damage in red spruce (picea rubens) from Vermont Agricultural applications for thermal infrared A stable iterative procedure to obtain soil surface p 11 A8637008 multispectral Scanner data p 12 A8637034 parameters and fluxes from satellite data ROGERS, 0. C. PETERSON. 0. L p8 A8635678 A technique for assessing the severity of terrain Analysis of forest/stmcture using thematic mapper RAMACHANDRARAO, A. shadowing in mobile satellite service p 51 A86-39545 simulator data p 4 A8633540 Hydrologic modeling using Landsat MSS data ROLLIN, E. M. PETROVA, E. S. p 43 A8637010 Estimation of atmospheric corrections from multiple The use of remote-sensing data to predict regional and RAMSEY, A. aircraft imagery p 49 A86-36784 local oil-and-gas-bearing structures within the ROPELEWSKI, C. F. Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Dnepfovsk-Donetsk paleorifl p23 A8636508 NOAA Atlas: An atlas of satellitederived Northern Program (DMSP) and the NOM Polar-orbitingOperational Hemispheric snow cover frequency p 44 N86-24075 PHILIPSON, W. R. Environmental Satellite (POES) program A texture-enhancement procedure for separating ROSE, A. [AD-A165116] p 59 N86-27413 orchard from forest in Thematic Mapper data Rectification of scanner images using prediction RANEY, R. K. p2 A8630198 approaches SNR in SAR p 54 A86-33633 PIATIBRAT, 1. V. [ SER-C-3031 p 57 N88-23992 RANSON. K. A histogram as the basis of the statistical Classification J. ROSS, 0. 6. Sun angle, view angle, and background effects on of images p45 A8632688 Oceanic surface winds p27 A8633484 spectral response of simulated balsam fir canopies ROW,R. PIATKIN, V. P. p 13 A8639002 Certain transformations in a quantitative approach to The ARGOS system for positioning and data collection RAO, 0. 8. image processing p 48 A863651 7 by satellite - Characteristics and performance levels Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian p 56 A86-39559 PIERSON, W. J., JR. Oceans ROTHROCK, 0. A. Oceanic surface winds p 27 A8633484 [ NASA-TM-67773] p39 N86-26782 Weddell-Scotia sea marginal ice zone Observations from PETERS, C. M. RAPP. R. H. space, October 1984 p 26 A86-33105 Spectroscopy of Moses Rock dike using remote Gravity anomalies and sea surface heights derived from Extracting sea ice data from satellite SAR imagery sensing p 21 A8633521 p 29 A86-33560 PIETRAFESA, L. J. a combined GEOS 3ISeasat altimeter data set RUF. C. High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within p33 A8636096 Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft, and The study of gravity field estimation procedures (ESTAR) system design, calibration. and sensitivity in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment [AD-A164564] p 19 N86-26745 RAWER, K. p 53 A8633588 [NASA-TM-88765] p 41 N86-27700 RUFENACH,C. PINTER, P. J., JR. Problems with global mapping p 48 A86451 11 L. Surface and internal ocean wave observations Detection and evaluation of plant stresses for crop RAYNA, E. p 27 A8633485 Estimation of biophysical properties of forest canopies management decisions p 5 A8633578 RUMENINA, E. K. Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs through inversion of microwave scatterometer data Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the from remotely sensed information p A86-33579 p4 A8633542 6 western part of the Black Sea p 26 A86-32679 Effect of dew on canopy reflectance and temperature REGINATO, R. J. RUSENOV, V. M. p 10 A86-36049 Detection and evaluation of plant stresses for crop Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the PISARUCK, M. A. management decisions p5 A8633578 western part of the Black Sea p A8632679 Preliminary analysis of SIR-B images for stereo 26 Analysis of a resistance-energy balance method for RUZEK, M. applications p45 A8633515 estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using Preliminary science results from the Shuttle Imaging PIlTS, 0. E. one-time-of-day infrared temperature observations Radar-B p 50 A86-37027 Estimation of biophysical properties of forest canopies p 13 A8639148 RYAN, T. W. through inversion of microwave scanerometer data REILINGER, R. Image segmentation algorithms p 45 A86-32370 p 4 A8633542 Evidence of ongoing crustal deformation related to PLIUTA, V. E. magmatic activity near Socorro, New Mexico Possibility of small-scale physicogeographical p 18 A86-37797 S regionalization using space spectrometry data REUTOV, E. A. p 16 A%-30974 Determination of the moisture content of nonuniformly SADER, S. A. PLOKHENKO, IU. V. Analysis of effective radiant temperatures in a Pacific An algorithm for the identificationof cloud cover and moistened soils with a surface transition layer on the basis of microwave spectroradiometry p 2 A8632684 Northwest forest using Thermal Infrared Multispectral the estimation of spectral brightnesses of the cloudless Scanner data p9 A86-36042 REYNALES. T. E. atmosphere according to satellite scanning measurements SAKATA, T. Adding spatial considerations to the JABOWA model of outgoing IR radiation p52 A8633317 High accuracy clustering using residual image Experiments on the remote temperature sounding of the of forest growth p 11 A8637014 ~ p49 A86-37003 atmosphere on the basis of NOM-satellite radiometer REYNOLDS, M. SAUMONOWICZ, P. H. measurements p 52 A8633318 Sea ice dynamics and regional meteorologyfor the Arctic Satellite orientation and position for geometric correction POMAW-RAU,C. A. polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 of scanner imagery p 48 A86-36079 Estimation of the location parameter of a multispectral [PB86-148036] p 38 N86-25939 SALBY, M. L distribution by a median operator p 49 A8637006 RHO. J. K. Transient response to localized episodic heating in the PONZONI, F. J. A non-stationary contextual classifier with improved tropics p 51 N86-27749 A proposal for a project entitled Assessment of Forest accuracy p 47 A86-33621 SILO, S. A. Resources in Uruguay submined to the United Nations RICHARDS, J. A. Sea icedynamics and regional meteorologyfor the Arctic Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Multisource data analysis in remote sensing and polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 [INPE-3828-NTE/255] p 15 N86-26666 geographic information processing p 50 A8637022 [PB86-148038] p 38 N86-25939 8-8 PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX SWIFT, R. N.

SALRMAN, 0. SHEN, S. S. An investigation of the marine boundary layer during Satellite oceanic remote sensing p 27 A86-33481 An information measure for class discrimination cold air outbreak SALVI. S p 11 A8636789 [NASA-CR-1772491 p 41 N86-27838 Lineament analysis in a test area of northern SHERMAN, J. W., 111 STANEV. E. V. Mozambique p20 A86-33520 The 1978 Oceanic trilogy - Seasat, Nimbus-7, and Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the SALVINI, F. TIROS-N p 27 A86-33482 western part of the Black Sea p 26 A8642679 Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians - SHIBAVAMA, M. STAROSTENKO. D. A. Some new methods and techniques for paleostress Diurnal patterns of bidirectional vegetation indices for Formation of a digital data base lor automated forest analysis p20 A86-33518 wheat canopies p 1 A8630192 mapping p2 A86-32689 Slope-interceptdensity plots - A new method for line SHIH, s.-F. STAVLOR, W. F. detection in images p46 A86-33600 Wavelength intensity indices in relation to tree condition Site selection and directional models of deserts used SAUER, D. and leaf-nutrient content p 12 A8637036 for ERBE validation targets Satellite-he 90 GHz radiometer experiment [NASA-TP-25401 p 57 N86-23160 SHIMODA. H. (SABREX). phase A1 STECH, J. L High accuracy clustering using residual image [ DFVLR-MITt-85-13] p 57 N86-24000 Cornparison of Circulation estimates and winds based p49 A86-37003 SANCHEZ, 0. V. on shipboard and satellite-tracked buoy data in Bransfield Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian SHUCHMAN, R. A. Strait, 9-14 March, 1985. part 3 Oceans SAR remote sensing during MIZEX 84 [INPE-3795-PRE1890] p 36 N86-24168 [ NASA-TM-877731 p39 N86-26782 p 29 A86-33561 STEENROD, S. D. SARKAR, A. SAR-obse~edinternal wave signatures from SARSEX Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian Wind dependence of L-band radar backscatter .Initial observations p 31 A86-33646 Oceans p33 A8635860 SAR Observed internal wave signatures from [NASA-TM-87773] p 39 N86-26782 SASAKI, V. SARSEX-comparisons with SAR imaging models STEGALL, M. Satellite thermal Observation of oil slicks on the Persian p 31 A86-33647 On-board data Compression for advanced Landsat Gulf p33 A8636048 SHULTS, S. S p45 A86-32368 SASSER, J. H. Features of the geological appllcatiin of space data STEVEN, M. D. A measuring reference system to quantify the p 19 A86-32680 Estimation of atmospheric corrections from multiple desertificatwn process in a semiarid ecosystem based on SHUTKO. A. M. aircraft imagery p 49 A86-36784 Landsat MSS data p 16 A86-37011 Determination of the moisture content of nonuniformly STEVENSON, m. R. SCARPACE, F. L moistened soils with a surface transition layer on the basis Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic Use of multitemporal spectral profiles in agricultural of microwave spectroradiometry p 2 A8642684 drifting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 land-cover classification p 10 A8636084 SIEBER, A. J. [ INPE-3793-PREI8881 p36 N86-24166 SCHENCK, L Forest signatures in imaging and non-imaging microwave Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based What are the best radar wavelengths, incidence angles scatterometer data p9 A86-36037 on shipboard and satellite-tracked buoy data in Bransfield and polarizatins for geologic applications? A statistical SILVER, 0. L Strait. 9-14 March, 1985. part 3 approach p 21 A86-33592 Operational methods for data interpolation [INPE-3795-PRE/8901 p 36 NB6-24168 SCHIUE, J. C. [DE85-0160501 p 34 N86-15969 STRAHLER, A. H. Microwave backscatter and emission Observed from SINGH, s. m. California timber volume inventory using Landsat Shuttle Imaging Radar E and an airborne 1.4 GHz Vegetation index and possibility of complementary p4 A86-33541 radiometer p53 A8633584 parameters from AVHRR/2 p 2 A86-30197 STRAKHOVA, N. A. SCHMID, R. The estimation of atmospheric effects for SPOT using Application of space imagery to the identification and Satellite-borne 90 GHz radiometer experiment AVHRR channel-1 data p47 A8634738 geological-geophysical study of hidden plutons in early (SABREX), phase A1 SINIAKOVICH, S. 0. Proterozoic troughs p20 A8632682 [DFVLR-MITT-85-13] p57 N66-24000 Possibility of small-scale physicogeographical STRAMMA, L SCHMUGGE, T. J. regionalization using space spectrometry data Satellite Observations of sea surface cooling by Passive microwave soil moisture research p 16 A86-30974 hurricanes p 32 A8645545 p2 A8633504 SKOU, N. STUMPF, R. P. Microwave backscatter and emission Observed from Push-broom microwave radiometer systems for space Physical interpretation of estuarine water color using Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz applications p53 A8633589 vector analysis of satellite data p 43 A8633630 radiometer p53 A86-33584 Microwave radiometry for oil pollution monitoring, STURMAN, W. L SCHOENENBERGER, J. G. measurements, and systems p32 A8635682 Estimation of the weight of vegetation using microwave The design, construction and early trials of a novel SLANEV, V. R. transmission measurements p 3 A86-33524 airborne Surveillance radar p 25 A8642635 Landsat MSS and airborne geophysical data combined SUDBIN, A. 1. SCHOWENGERDT, R. A. for mapping granite in southwest Nova Scotia Determinationof sea spectral reflectance from airborne Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality p 23 A86-37021 measurements p26 A86-32683 p 50 A8647032 SLATER. P. N. SUGAI, M. SCHRUMPF, 8. J. Spectroradiometric considerations for advanced land High speed image processing system with custom VLSl The influence of Observational interdependence on observing systems for DSP p54 A8633641 spectral reflectance relationships with plant and soil [NASA-CR-177205] p 58 N86-27705 SULLIVAN, K. variables p2 A86-30196 SLIWINSKI, P. Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-E radar SCHUELER, C. Satellite-borne 90 GHz radiometer experiment data - Preliminary results p 21 A86-33552 On-board data compression for advanced Landsat (SABREX). phase A1 SUNDARA-RAJAN. A. p 45 A86-32368 [DFVLR-MITT-85-13] p 57 N86-24000 Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and SCHULT2 H. SMITH, J. L tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent A median filter approach for correcting errors in a vector Predicting tree groundline diameter from crown and stormy weather field p29 A86-33601 measurements made on 35-mm aerial photography [NASA-CR-3960] p 56 N86-23159 SCHWALB, A. p 13 A86-390M SUSSKIND, J. GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental SMOKTII, 0. 1. GUS experiments on the impact of FGGE satellite data Satellite)-newt overview The effect of the atmosphere on the Satellite remote on numerical weather prediction p 57 N86-24128 [AD-A 1650801 p 59 N86-27411 sensing of earth resources p56 A%-39969 Simulation studies related to the design of post-FGGE SCOTT, J. F. SPANNER, M. A. observing systems p 57 N86-24160 Spectral measurements in support of SIR-B using the Analysis of forestlstructure using thematic mapper SUTOVSKII, V. M. Surface Contour Radar p30 A8643609 simulator data p4 A86-33540 Estimation of the accuracy of the remote determination SEIDEL K. SPAVD. L E., JR. of ocean surface temperature on the basis of satellite Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on Characteristics of westem region flash flood events in measurements of outgoing thermal radiation in the 10.5-12.5 micron range p 27 A8643320 Landsat-MSS data p 42 A86-33505 GOES imagery and conventional data [NOAA-TM-NESDIS-13] p44 N86-26668 SWAIN, P. H. SHAFFER, L Approaches to computer reasoning in remote sensing ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite SPINHIRNE. J. D. and geographic information processing - A survey requirements Lidar observations of the planetary boundary layer p 29 A86-33532 p 16 A86-33595 [NASA-TMg8752] p59 NE626355 SPRAY, L A. Multisource data analysis in remote sensing and International coordination of and contributions to Satellite cloud and precipitabon analysis uslng a geographic information processing p 50 A86-37022 environmental satellite programs minicomputer SWIFT, C. T. [AD-A1651421 p 60 N86-28016 [ADA163821 ] p 58 N86-25084 Observations of the polar regions from satellites using SHALVGIN, A. S. STMARTIN, J. W. active and passive microwave techniques Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospherii A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters p28 A86-33489 turbulence and sea roughness with reference to the study [AD-A1646791 p 39 N86-26716 Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer of complex systems p33 A86-36480 STAENZ, K. (ESTAR) system design, calibration, and sensitivity SHEFFNER, E. A stepwise hierarchical multi-binary approach in TM p53 A8633588 Multicrop area estimation and mapping on a landuse cladcation p 46 A8643597 SWIFT, R. N. microprocessor/mainframe network p 7 A8643644 Resource monitoring oriented remote sensing data Spectral measurements in support of SIR-B using the SHEMIAKIN, L M. processing capabilities p 16 A86-33643 Surface Contour Radar p30 A86-33609 Method for the quantitative estimation of convergence STAGE, S. A. High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within in mapping in the case 01 the interpretation of space An investigation of the marine boundary layer during the midAtlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft, and photographs of oil-and-gas-bearingregions of Siberia cold air outbreak in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment p23 A8636505 [NASA-CR-177287] p39 N86-26758 [NASA-TM-887651 p41 N86-27700

B-9 TACONET, 0. PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

T TRIZNA, D. B. VOLKOV, A. M. Open ocean radar sea scatter measurements Determination of the spectral characteristics of natural TACONET, 0. p 25 A8632599 objects on test ranges. and aspects of the efficiency of Evapotranspiration over an agricultural region using a TROFIMOV, D. M. space systems p 11 A8636697 swface fluxltemperature model based on NOM-AVHRR Application of space imagery to the identiication and data p 10 A8636237 geologicalgeophysical study of hidden plutons in early TANAKA, K. Proterozotc troughs p20 A8632682 W Research and development of the synthetic aperture Problems and principles of the geological interpretation radar transmitter and receiver subsystem design and some of remota-sensing data p22 A8636502 WAGNER, C. A. coinpOnent test results p 54 A8633636 TSUNEOKA, Y. Accuracy estimate of geoid and ocean topography TARANIK, J. V. Estimation of monthly rainfall from satellite-observed recovered jointly from satellite altimetry The nature and origin of mineral coatings on volcanic cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific p 32 A8635278 rocks of the Black Mountain, Stonewall Mountain and Kane p43 A8636234 WAITE. W. P. Spnngs Wash volcanic canters in southern Nevada TUMOFEEV, IU. M. Preliminary analysis of SIR-B images for stereo [NASACR-176805] p 24 N86-25912 Experimentson the remote temperature sounding of the applications p 45 A86-33515 TENG, X. atmosphere on the basis of NOM-satellite radiometer Preliminary geologic analyses of SIR-B radar data for Application of Shunle imaging radar data for land use measurements p52 A86-33318 Hawan p 21 A8633550 investgations p 51 A8639150 Introductory analyses of SIR-8 radar data for Hawaii TEPLIAKOV, N. A. p21 A8633551 Choice of spectral bands for a spaceborne multispectral U Analysis of L-band multipolarizationradar iamges for lava scanner p 55 A8636514 flow mapping p21 A8633593 UCCELLINI, L W. THEIS, s. w. WALKER, D. A. Optimized retrievals of precipitable water fields from Utilization of active microwave rwghness Vegetation and environmental gradients of the Prudhoe combinations of VAS satellite and conventional surface measurements to improve passive microwavesoil moisture Bay region, Alaska obsecvatms p43 A8636193 estimates war bare soils p8 A8635679 [AD-A162022] p 17 N86-24034 UENK, D. THOMPSON, D. R. WALKER, R. E. Semi-operational identification of agricultural crops from SAR Observed internal wave sanatures from Landsat Thematic Mapper geodetic accuracy - airborne SLARdata p 12 A8637025 SARSEXcomparisons with SAR imaging models Implications for geocoded map Compatibility p31 A8633647 UENO, Y. p 18 A86-37024 Research and development of the synthetic aperture Intensity modulation in SAR images of internal waves WALL, S. D. radar transmitter and receiver subsystem design and some p 32 A8635531 The SIR-C experiment Measuring new variables from component test results p54 A8633636 - THORLEY, 0. space with SAR p 50 A8637028 ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite UHLIR, P. WALLACE, J. M. requirements International coordination of and contributions to Relationships between swface observations over the [NASA-TM-88752] p 59 N86-26355 environmental satellite programs global Oceans and the southem oscillation THYRSTED. T. [ ADA1 651 421 p60 N86-28016 [PB86110038] p35 N86-24112 Statistical lineament analysis in South Greenland based ULABY. F. T. WALSH, E. J. on Landsat imagery p22 A8635676 Microwave emission from row crops p 9 A8635681 Measurement of sea ice backscatter characterisws at TILLEY, D. 0. USIKOV, D. A. 36 GHz using the surface contour radar Directional ocean wave spectra obtained from the A histogram as the basis of the statistical classification p 29 A8633562 Shuttle Imaging Radar off the coast of Chile of images p 45 A8632688 Design and benefits of a multibeam Earth Observing p 30 A86-33612 USPENSKII, A. B. Radar p 29 A8633591 TILTON, J. C. Experiments on the remote temperature sounding of the Spectral measurements in support of SIR-B using the Extended testing of a general contextual classifier using atmosphere on the basis of NOAA-satellite radiometer Surface Contour Radar p30 A8633609 the massively parallel processor - Preliminary results and measurements p52 A8633318 WALSH, J. J. A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within test plans p54 A8633623 Estimation of the accuracy of the remote determination the mid-Atlantic bight TIMCHALK, A. of Ocean surface temperature on the basis of satellite [NASA-CR-l77265] p 39 N86-26670 Satellite-derived moisture profiles measurements of outgoing thermal radiation in the Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the [NOAA-NESDIS-24] p 44 N86-27703 10.5-12.5 micron range p 27 A8633320 USPENSKII. 0. R. mid-Allantic Bight during the 1979 spring bloom TINNEY, L R. [NASA-TM48782] p4t N86-27699 Comprehensive integrated remote sensing for US Agricultural and scientific space plalforms PI As-29843 High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within Department of Energy applications the mid-Atlantic Biiht: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft. and [DE86M)2tOl] p 17 N86-25036 in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment TOM, V. T. [NASA-TM-887651 p41 NE627700 Surface material classification based on spectral V WANQ, J. R. shape p 6 A8633598 VAN KASTEREN. H. W. J. Passive microwave soil moisture research Spatial enhancement techniques for multichannel p2 A8633504 Semi-operationalidentification of agricultural crops from satellite imagery p 47 A8633639 Microwave backscatter and emisson obse~edfrom aimne SLARdata p 12 A8637025 TOWNSEND, W. F. Shuttle Imaging Radar 6 and an airborne 1.4 GHz The Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) - Some VAN ZYL, J. J. radiometer p53 A8633584 questions answered p25 A8632556 Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers WARREN, J. R. TRESHNIKOV, A. F. p4 A86-33554 Conceptual design study: Forest Fire Advanced System Optimal disposition of satellite-trackeddrifting buoys in VANDERBILT, V. C. Technology (FFAST) the South Atlantic p 31 A86-34488 Polarization photometer to measure bidirectinal [JPL-PUBL46-5] pi4 N86-25034 Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, Collection of reflectance factor R(55 deg. 0 deg, 55 deg, 180 deg) of WASH, C. H. Articles. Volume 56. 1981 leaves p9 A8635746 Satellite cloud and precipitation analysis using a [PB86-107109] p35 N8623209 VARNADORE, M. S. minicomputer Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, collection of NOM Atlas: An atlas of satelliederived Northern [AD-A163821] p58 N86-25084 articles. vol. 57, 1981 Hemispheric smcover frequency p 44 NE624075 WEISER, R. L IPB86-1069941 p 37 N86-24182 VASILKOV, A. P. Distinguishing among tallgrass prairie cover types from TRETIAKOV, V. E. Determinationof sea spectral reflectance from airborne measurements of multispectral reflectance An algorithm for the identification of cloud cover and measurements p26 A86-32683 p 10 A86-36047 the estimation of spectral brightnesses of the cloudless VASKOV, S. T. WEISSEL, J. K. atmosphere accwding satellite scanning measurements to Technical and software facilities at a center for the Evidence for small-scale mantle convection from Seasat of outgoing IR radiation p52 A86-33317 processing of remote-sensing data p 48 A863651 1 altimeter data p25 A8631976 Estimatin of the accuracy of the remote determination VETRELU. 9. WEN, C.-L of ocean surface temperature on the basis of satellite Sbucbrre of the southem RiGram rin froin gavity measurements of outgoing thermal radiation in the An integrated approach to geometric predsion processing of spaceborne high-resolution sensors interpretation p 18 A8637795 10.5-12.5 micron range p27 A86-33320 p 55 A8634737 WESTMAN, W. E. TREVESE, D. Analysis of forestlstructure using thematic mapper VIDAL-MADJAR, D. Landsat TM image forwardlreverse scan banding simulator data p4 A8633540 Possible applications of the microwaves surface soil Characterization and correction p 49 As-36790 WHITEHEAD, V. S. TREVISIOL. 0. moisture remote sensing p6 A8633582 Overview and highlights of Early Warning and Crop Design of the European Space Agency Thematic Mapper Evapotranspiration wer an agricultural region using a Condition Assessment project p5 A8633576 processing chains p51 As-37864 surface fluxltemperature model based on NOM-AVHRR Vegetation assessment using a combination of visible, TRIFOWV, V. G. data p 10 A8636237 near-IR and thermal-IR AVHRR data p 5 Am-33577 Features of the geological application of space data VlTlAZ V. 1. WHITLEDGE, T. E. p 19 A8632680 Quantitative assmsment of the information content of High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within TRIVEDI. M. M. TV images of different scale on the example of disjuncties the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft. and iigkentatlon of a Themabc Mapper image uslng the of Siberia p23 A8636506 in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment fuzzy =means clustenng algorithm p 9 A8635687 VffiEWANN, J. E. [ NASA-TM-887651 p41 NE627700 TRIVERO. P. Field and airborne spectral characterization of suspected WICKLAND, D. E. Observabon of internal waves and msmc waves In the damage in red spruce (*a rubens) from Vermont Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging Slcllian Channel p27 A8633392 p 11 A8637008 radar p5 A86-33565 B-10 PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX ZWALLY, H. J.

Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging X radar p5 A8633566 WIEGAND, C. L XIAO, J. Diurnal patterns of bidirectional vegetation indices for Application of Shuttle imaging radar data for land use wheat canopies p 1 A8630192 investigations p51 A8639150 Development of agrometeorological crop model inputs from remotely sensed information p 6 A8633579 Spectral components analysis - A bridge between Y spectral observations and agrometeorological crop models p7 A8633627 YASUDA, Y. WILHEIT, 1.1..JR. Satellite thermal observation of oil slicks on the Persian Aircraft and satellie passive microwave observations Gulf p33 A86-36048 of the Bering Sea ice cover during MlZEX West YATES, H. W. p32 A8635683 Operational satellite support to scientific programs WILKES, a. [AD-A165081] p 59 N86-27412 Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite YENTXH, C. S Program (DMSP) and the NOM Polar-orbiingOperational Ocean color measurements p28 A8633488 Environmental Satellite (POES) program [ AD-A1651 181 p 59 N86-27413 WILLIAMS, D. L Z Field and airborne spectral characterizationof suspected ZABELIN, V. A. damage in red spruce (picea rubens) from Vermont Certain transformations in a quantitative approach to p 11 A86-37008 image processing p48 A86-36517 WILLIAMS, L D. Computer processing of spectrally superposed data Millimeter-wave backscatter from snowcover p49 A86-36518 p42 A8633615 ZAMBRESKY. L F. WILLIAMS, P. D. L Waves predicted by the Global Spectral Ocean Wave The design, construction and early trials of a novel model off the west coast of Chile during the SIR-B airbcfne surveillance radar p25 A8632635 mission p30 A8633608 WILSON, S. B. ZBAR, F. The applicabilityof LOWTRAN 5 computer code to aerial NOM satellite requirements forecast thermographic data correction p 48 A8634739 [ AD-A1652441 p 40 N86-27414 WILSON, W. J. ZEBKER, H. High resolution millimeter-wave imaging sensor Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers p54 A8633590 p 4 A86-33554 WIRICK, C. D. ZEBKER, H. A. Hgh frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft, and aperture radar observations p 18 AS33516 in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment Topographic mapping from intetferometric synthetic [ NASA-TM-887651 p41 N86-27700 aperture radar ObseNatiOnS p 18 A8636099 WISE, D. U. ZIATKOVA, L K. Topographic lineament domains of the Appalachians - Methods of combined air and space remote-sensing Some new methods and techniques for paleostress studies of Siberia p22 A86-36501 analysis p20 A8633518 Combined struchrral and geomorphological methods for WITTE, F. the processing of aerial and space photographic Archimedes project remote sensing of oil spills North remote-sensing data with the aim of solving geological experiment, October 1983. Report on DFVLR Sea problems p22 A8636503 (Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) contribution Methods for Me remote sensing of transition zones of [DFVLR-FB-85-54] p35 N8624002 the junction ofSiberian platforms and orogens WIlTMANN, P. A. p 23 A8636507 Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA program. ZISK, S. H. OPTOMA17: OPTOMA17 P, 21 July 1985. OPTOMA17 Structure of terrestrial impact waters from SIR-B radar leg DI, 10-22 August 1985.OPTOMA17 leg DII. 23 August data - Preliminary results p 21 A8633552 5 September 1985 - ZLATOPOLSKII, A. A. [ AD-A1620671 p 37 N86-24176 Computer-aided interpretation of space images with the WOUER, 1. aim of structural analysis p20 A8632690 ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellie ZOBRIST, A. L requirements Landsat Thematic Mapper geodetic accuracy - [NASA-TM-88752] p 59 N86-26355 Implications for geocoded map compatibility Federal agency satellite requirements p 18 A8637024 [AD-A165071] p 59 N8627410 ZOOK, D. F. WOODCOCK, C. Backscatter measurements from simulated resonant Variograms and spatial variation in remotely sensed structures p4 A8633555 images p47 A8633638 ZOUGHI, R. WOODING, M. G. ldentiication of major backscattering sources in SAR image segmentationusing digitised field boundaries trees and shrubs at 10 GHZ p 13 A8639149 fw crop mapping and monitoring applications ZRNIC. D. S. p7 A86-33625 Analysis of airborne Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and WOODS, K. D. tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent Adding spatial considerations to the JABOWA model and stormy weather of fwest gravth p 11 A8637014 [NASA-CR-3960] p 56 N86-23159 WRIGHT, P. 8. ZVEREV, A. 1. Relationships between surface ObSeNatiOnS over the Interpretation of ring structures on space images and global Oceans and the southern oscillation their correlation with geophysical fields and crustal [PB86-t10038] p 35 N86-24112 structure in the USSR p 19 AM-32881 WRIGLEY. R. C. ZWALLY, H. J. Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality ObseNations of the polar regions from satellites using p50 A8637032 active and passive microwave techniques WU, L K. p28 A8633489 Identification of major backscattering sources in trees and shrubs at 10 GHz p13 A8639149 wu, s. 1. A preliminary report on the measurements of forest canopies with Cband radar scatterometer at NASA/NSTL p3 A8633525 Multipolarization SAR data fw surface feature delineation p46 A8633594 wu, S.-T. Analysis of data acquired by Shuffle Imaging Radar SIR-A and Landsat Thematic Mapper over Baldwin County, Alabama p 12 A8637018 WYRTKI, K. Monthly maps of sea level anomalies in Me Pacific, 1975 1981. Report on the IGOSS (Integrated Global Ocean Services System) Sea Level Pilot Project [ADA1630611 p38 N86-25104

B-11 CORPORATE SOURCE INDEX

EARTH RESOURCES I A Continuing Bibliography (Issue 51) OCTOBER 1986

vpical Corporate Source Index Llstlng Auburn Unlv., AIS. hutshe Geodwtlshe Kommlselon, Munich (West Agricultural applications for thermal infrared Germany). multispectral scanner data p 12 AS37034 Rectification of scanner images using prediction CORPORATE SOURCE approaches [SER-C-303] p 57 N86-23992 B Du Pont de Nmun(E. 1.) and Co., Wllmlngton, Del. I Modicubic convolution resampling for Landsat Bechtel National, Inc.. Son Francisco, Collf. p 47 A86-33640 ECON, Inc.. Princeton, N.J. Thematic mapper research in the Earth sciences: Commercialization01 the land remote sensing System Tectonic evaluation of the Nubian Shield of northeastern An examination 01 mechanisms and issues Sudanlsoutheastem Egypt using thematic mapper I E86-1W8 I p 81 N86-14710 imagery E I T7[NASA-CR-177311] p 24 N86-26740 r Blgelow Lab. for Ocean Sciences, West Boothbay EO and G Energy Meaeunmenta, Inc., Las Vegas, Nev. I-r’ Harbor, him. Comprehensive integrated remote sensing for US Ocean color measurements p28 A86-33488 Department of Energy applications Boeton Unlv., MOM. [DE86-002101] p 17 N86-25036 Variograms and spatial variation in remotely sensed EO and G Washlngton Analytical %rvlcesCenter, Inc.. images p 47 A8633638 Pocomoke City, Md. Brown Unlv., Providence. R. 1. Spectral measurements in support of SIR-B using the Spectroscopy of Moses Rock dike using remote Surface Contour Radar p 30 A86-33609 sensing p 21 A8633521 Structure of terreshial impact craters from SIR-B radar Energy, MInee and Resources Canada, Ottawa data Preliminary results p21 AS33552 (Ontario). - Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-B radar Listings in this index are arranged alphabetically by data - Preliminary results p 21 A8643552 corporate source The title of the document is used C Environmental Research Inst. of Mkhlgan, Ann Arbor. to provide a brief description of the subject matter Simulations of SAR wave spectra using high spectral California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. resolution estimates from the SCR and ROWS The page number and accession number are the Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers instruments p 30 A86-33611 included in each entry to assist the user in locating p4 A8633554 Verification 01 L-band SAR calibration the abstract in the abstract section If applcable. Califomla Unlv., anta Bahra. p54 A8633634 a report number is also included as an aid in What are the best radar wavelengths. incidence angles identifying the document and polarizations for geologic applications? A statistical approach p21 A8633592 Clemmn Unlv., S.C. F Seasat microwave wind and rain observations in severe tropical and midlatiude marine storms Florida State Unlv., Galneavllle. p27 A86-33486 A model lor the estimation of the surface fluxes of Coast Guard, Washington, D.C. momentum, heat and moisture of the cloud topped marine A A review of methods to track oil in arctic waters atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable [AD-A164679] p 39 N86-26716 parameters Agricultural ReMarch Center, BcltsvillO, Md. Colorado Unlv., Boulder. [NASA-CR-l77283] p41 N86-27837 Microwave backscatter and emission observed from Transient response to localized episodic heating in the Florida State Unlv., tall ah.^^^. Shuttle Imaging Radar and an airborne 1.4 GHz B tropics p 51 N86-27749 An investigation of the marine boundary layer during radiometer p 53 A8633584 Computer Sclmces Corp., Beltsvllb, Md. cold air outbreak Agricultural Research Service. Houston, Tex. Microwave backscatter and emission observed from [NASA-CR-l77287] p39 N86-26758 Overview and highlights of Early Warning and Crop Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz An investigation of the marine boundary layer during Condition Assessment project p5 A8633576 radiometer p 53 A8633584 cold air outbreak Air Force Geophysics Lab., Hansom AFB, M~M. Cornell Unlv., IthKa, N.Y. [NASA-CR-177249] p 41 N86-27838 Evidence of ongoing crustal deformation related to Evidence of ongoing crustal deformation related to magmatic activity near Socorro, New Mexico magmatic activity near Socorro. New Mexico A model for the estimation of the surface fluxes of p 18 A8637797 p 18 A8637797 momentum, heat. and moisture 01 the cloud-topped marine atmospheric boundary layer from satellite measurable Alaska Unlv.. Anchorage. parameters Influence of the Yukon River on the Bering Sea [NASA-CR-177290] p 41 N86-27853 [ NASA-CR-1773101 p39 N86-26783 D Applied Science Associates, Inc., Apex, N.C. Studies related to ocean dynamics. Task 3.2 Aircraft Delaware Unlv., Newark. Field Test Program to investigate the hili of remote Assessing impacts of off-nadir obseNation on remote G sensing methods to measure currentlwind-wave sensing of vegetation - Use of the Suits model p 1 A86-30193 interactions General Electrlc Co., Phlladelphla, Pa. Remote sensing investigations of wetland biomass and [NASA-CR-168349] , p38 N8625100 Modified cubic convolution resampling for Landsat productivky for global biosystems research p47 A8633640 ARC0 011 and OU Co., Dallas, Tex. [NASA-CR-176725] p 14 N86-23994 Structure of the southern Rio Grande rift from gravity Geological Survey, Reaton, Va. Department of Agriculture. Fort Worth, Tex. interpretation p 18 A8637795 Remote monitoring of processes that shape desert Remote sensing techniques for the detection of soil surfaces: The Desert Winds Project Arlzona Unhr., Tuuon. erosion and the idenlifcation of soil conservation Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality practices p3 A8633506 [T186-900108] P24 N86-25099 p50 A8637032 Department of Agrlcultun, Washington, D.C. Research, investigations and technical developments: Spectroradiometric considerations for advanced land Overview of the AgRlSTARS research program. I National mapping program. 1983-1984 observing systems p2 A8643503 [ PB86-1660971 p 17 N86-26675 [NASA-CR-l77205] p58 N86-27705 Deutmche Fonchungs- und Vewchamstalt fuer Luft- Geological Survey, Tacoma, Wa&. Arkanses Unlv., Fayettevllle. und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofm (West Germany). Observations of the polar regions from satellites using Preliminary geologic analyses of SIR-B radar data for Satellite-borne 90 GHz radiometer experiment active and passive microwave techniques Hawaii p21 A8633550 (SABREX). phase A1 028 A8633489 Army Cold Reglone Teat Canter, APO Seattie, Wash. [ DFVLR-MITT-65-13] p 57 N86-24000 GKSSFonchunguentrum Gfmthacht (West 98733. Archimedes project remote sensing of oil spills North Germany). Vegetation and environmental gradients of the PNdhW Sea experiment, October 1983. Report on DFVLR On the information content of multispectral radiance Bay region, Alaska (Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SUR)contribution measurements over an Ocean [AD-A162022] p 17 N86-24034 [DFVLR-FB-85-541 p35 N86-24002 [GKSS-85/E/43] p40 N86-27697 c-1 Hawail Inst. of Geophydcs, Honolulu. CORPORA TE SOURCE

H Landsat Thematic Mapper geodetic accuracy - Remote sensing and oceanographic equipment Implications for geocoded map compatibility technology: Some present systems and future needs, Hawall Inst. of Goophydca, Honolulu. p 18 A86-37024 revised Monthly maps of sea level anomalies in the Pacific, 1975 Preliminary science results from the Shuttle Imaging [PB86-156502] p 40 N86-26791 1981. Repwt on the IGOSS (Integrated Global Ocean Radar-B p50 A8637027 Plate motions and deformations from geologic and Services System) Sea Levd Pilot Project The SIR-C experiment - Measuring new variables from geodetic data [ADA1630611 p38 NE625104 space with SAR p50 A86-37028 [NASA-CR-1773131 p 19 N86-27833 Hawall Unlv., Honolulu. Conceptual design study: Forest Fire Advanced System Manmchuwtts Inst. of Tech., Lexington. Preliminary geologic analyses of SIR-B radar data for Technology (FFAST) Satellitederivedleaf-area-index and vegetation maps as Hawaii p 21 A86-33550 [JPL-PUBL-865] p 14 NE625034 input to global carbon cycle models - A hierarchical Houston Unlv., Clear Lake, Tex. approach p 2 A86-30194 Johns Hopklns Unlv., Md. Evaluation of crop acreage estimatin methods using Laurel, MaMachuwttn Unlv.. Amherst. Surface and internal ocean wave Observations Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 A86-33606 Observations 01 the polar regions from satellites using p 27 A86-33485 Hunter MI., New York. active and passive miaowave techniques California timber volume imentory using Landsat Strategies for the calibration and operational use of the p28 A86-33489 p4 A86-33541 ERS-1 SAR wave mode 1985 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing [JHU/APL/SDO-7565] p 35 N86-23207 Symposium (IGARSS '85), University of Massachusetts. Jolnt PuMlcatlons Rowarch Servlce, Arlington. Va. Amherst. October 7-9. 1985, Digest. Volumes 1 8 2 I USSR report Earth sciences p 52 A8633501 [ JPRS-UES-864041 p34 N86-23017 Spaceborne Imaging Radar (SIR) project Illlnols Unlv., Chlcago. p 53 A8633586 Scattering from a random layer embedded with dielectric Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer needles p10 A8636045 K (ESTAR) system design, calibration, and sensitivity Regression models for vegetation radar-backscattering p 53 A86-33588 and radiometric emission p 10 A86-36046 KEnMS State Unlv., Manhattan. Meusmchmltt-Boelkow-Blohm G.m.b.H., Ottobrunn Illlnols Unlv., Urbana. Distinguishing among tallgrass prairie cover types from (West Germany). Remote sensing of atmospheric pressure and sea state measurements of multispectral reflectance MOMS41 (Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral using laser altimeters p28 A86-33529 p 10 A8636047 Scanner) for Earth ObSeNatiOn: First results of STS-7 Informatlca Genwal Corp., Yoffett Fleld, Callf. KanMO Unlv., Lawrence. mission p 57 N86-24003 The devalopment of an MSS satellite imagery Geological mapping potential of computer-enhanced Meteorological Satellite Center, Tokyo (Japan). classification expert system p46 A8633596 images from the Shutne Imaging Radar ~ Lisbon Valley Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Note, no. 13, Institute for Land and Water Management Remearch, Anticline, Utah p22 A86-36083 1986 Wagenlngen (Nsthertanda). KanMs Unlv. Center for Rewarch, Inc., Lawrence. [ ISSN0388-9653] p 40 N86-27694 A multiindex multitemporal approach to map crops in Identification of major backscattering sources in trees On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget the early growing season: An application to two Italian and shrubs at 10 GHz p13 A86-39149 p40 NE627695 imgation districts: East Sesia and Grande Bonifiga Research on enhancing the utilization of digital Mlaml Unlv., Fla. Ferr a r e s e multispectral data and geographic informationsystems in Ocean color measurements p 28 A8643486 [ ICW-1611I p 15 N86-26674 global habitability studies Mound Lab.. Mlamlsburg, Ohio. Instltuto de Posqulus Elp.clals, Sa0 Jow dm [ NASA-CR-1772941 p 17 N86-26669 Operational methods for data interpolation Campos (Brazil). ~oE85-01605oI p 34 N86-15969 Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic drifting buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 L [ INPE-3793-PREl8881 p36 NB6-24166 N Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based Lamont-DoherIy Gwloglcal Obwrvatory, Palloades, N. on shipboard and satellite-trackedbuoy data in Eransfield Y. Natlonal Academy of Sclencea - Natlonal Rewarch Strait, 9-14 March, 1985, part 3 Marginal ice zone experiment - 1984. physical Council. Washlngton, D. C. [ INPE-3795-PREl8901 p36 N86-24168 oceanography report: USNS Lynch and helicopter-based Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the STD data A proposal lor a project entitled Assessment of Forest Global Weather Experiment: Current Achievements and Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations [ AD-A1630961 p37 N86-24180 Future Directions, volume 1 Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Physical oceanography report: Camp-based and [NASA-CR-176720] p36 N86-24120 [INPE-3828-NTE/2551 p 15 N86-26666 helicopter-based STD data from the drifting ice station Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the FRAM 3 Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data Global Weather Experiment: Current Achievements and [ ADA1 630971 p 37 N86-24181 and aenal photographs Future Directions, volume 2. part 2 Lawrence Uvermore Natlonal Lab., Callf. [NASA-CR-1767221 p 36 N86-24142 [ INPE-3824-PREl9001 p 15 N86-26667 Studies of complex terrain wind flows using acoustic International Paper Co.. Tuxedo Park, N.Y. Earth science investigations in the United States sounder and optical cross-wind remote sensors Antarctic Research Program (USARP) for the period July Timber Resources Inventory and Monitoring Joint [DEBs-002993] p58 N86-25925 1. 1984 - June 30. 1985 Research Project Lockheed Englnwrlng and Management Services Co., [NASA-TM-88754] p14 N86-25863 [PBB6-143773] p58 N86-25076 Inc., Houston, lex. Natio~lAwnautks and Space Admlnlstration, Estimation of biophysical properties of forest canopies Washington, D.C. through inversion of microwave scatterometer data The Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) ~ Some J p4 A8633542 questions answered p25 A86-32556 Vegetation assessment using a combination of visible, Overview of the AgRlSTARS research program. I Jet Propulsion Lab., Callfomle Inst. of Tech., near-IR and thermal-IR AVHRR data p 5 A8643577 p2 A8633503 PaEOdUl& Evaluation of crop acreage estimation methods using Weddell-Scotii sea margnat ice zone observations from ENVIROSAT-2000 report: Federal agency satellite Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 A86-33606 requirements space, October 1984 p26 A8633105 Spectral characterization of biophysical characteristics [NASA-TMg8752] p 59 N86-26355 Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic in a boreal forest - Relationshipbetween Thematic Mapper Aero~uwcl Admlnlstration. Amos aperture radar observations p18 A8633516 band reflectance and leaf area index for Aspen Natloml and Space Rewarch Center, Moffett FIdd, Calif. Radar scanerometer probing of thick vegetation p8 A86-35677 Analysis of forestlstructure using thematic mapper An information measure for class discrimination canopies p3 AM-33523 simulator data p4 A86-33540 Passive remote sensing of stratospheric and p 11 A8636789 Louisiana State Unlv., Baton Rouge. The development of an MSS satellite imagery mesospheric winds p53 A8633545 classification expert system p46 A8633596 Modelling of backscatter from vegetation layers Methods of obtaining offshore wind direction and Land use mapping using edge density texture measures p4 A86-33554 sea-state data from X-band aircraft SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) imagery of coastal waters on Thematic Mapper simulator data p 47 A86-33624 Near infrared leaf reflectance modeling [AD-A165552] p 38 N86-26517 Multitrop area estimation and mapping on a p4 A86-33556 LUMr and Pianetary Inst., Houston, Tex. rnicroprocessorlmainframenetwork p 7 A86-33644 Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging Structure of the southern Rio Grande rift from gravity Polarization photometer to measure bidirectional radar p5 A8633565 interpretation p 18 A8637795 reflectance factor R(55 deg. 0 deg. 55 deg, 180 deg) of Forest discrimination with multipolarization imaging Thematic mapper studies of Andean volcaws leaves p9 A8635748 radar p5 A6633566 [ NASA-CR-1768071 p24 NE625866 Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality Spaceborne Imaging Radar (SIR) project p 50 A8637032 p53 A8633586 Natlonal Aeronautla and Space Admlnlstration. Earth High resolution millimeter-wave imaging sensor M Re.ourws Lab., Bsy St. Louis, Miss. p54 A8633590 Marlna Rowarch Inst., Heldnkl (Flnland). Analysis of effective radiant temperatures in a Pacific What are the best radar wavelengths, incidence angles Northwest forest using Thermal Infrared Multispectral and polarizations for geologic applications? A statistical Investigation of ice dynamics in the marginal ice zone [AD-A164364] p38 N8625962 Scanner data p9 A8636042 approach p21 A8633592 Maryland Unlv., College Park. National AerOMUtbs and Space Admlnlstration. A median filter approach for correcting errors in a vector Department of GeologylNASA-GSFC geobotanical Godd.rd Space Flight Canter, Greenbelt, Md. field p29 A8633601 investigation Reduction of weather effects in the calculation of sea Topographic mapping lrom interferometric synthetic [NASA-CR-l77300] p 15 N86-27698 ice concentration from microwave radiances aperture radar Observations p 18 A86-36099 Ma..uchwtts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge. p 26 A86-33104 Field and airbornespectral characterizationof suspected Plate motions and deformations from geologic and Observations of the polar regions from satellites using damage in red spruce (picea rubens) from Vermont geodetic data active and passive microwave techniques p 11 A86-37W8 [NASA-CR-177299] p 18 N86-26741 p28 A8633489 c-2 ~~ ~~ ~

CORPORA TE SOURCE Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, N. Mex.

Passive microwave Soil moisture research Agricultural applications for thermal infrared National Sclance Foundatlon, Waahlngton, D.C. p2 A86-33504 multispectral scanner data p 12 A86-37034 Ice shelves of Antarctica Lidar observations of the planetary boundary layer Ducks Unlimited Joint Research Project [PB86106986] 035 NE€-23208 p 29 A86-33532 [NASA-TM88755] p14 N86-25032 Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic. Collecijon of Microwave backscatter and emission observed from Timber Resources Inventory and Monitoring Joint Articles, Volume 56, 1981 Research Project Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz [PB86-107109] p35 N86-23209 radiometer p 53 A86-33584 [NASA-TM-88754] p 14 N86-25863 Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, collection of Electronically Steered Thinned Array Radiometer Natlonal A~~~utlcrand Spaw Adrnlnlatmtlon. articles. vol. 57, 1981 (ESTAR) system design, calibration, and sensitivity Wallop. Flbht Center. Wallop. Inland, Va. [PB86106994] p37 N86-24182 p53 A8633538 Measurement of sea ice backscatter characteristics at Extendedtesting of a general contextual classifier using 36 GHz using the surface contour radar Naval Ocun Rawarch and Development Activity, Bay St. LOUIS, MIM. the massively parallel processor - Preliminary results and p29 A86-33562 Proceedings of the Arctic Oceanography Conference test plans p54 A86-33623 Design and benefits of a multibeam Earth Obsecving and Workshop held at the Naval Ocean Research and Identifying deforestation in Brazil using multiresolution Radar p29 A8633591 satellile data p8 A8634742 Spectral measurements in suppcfl of SIR-B using the Development Activity, NSTL. MS. on June 11-14, 1985 Aircraft and satellite passive microwave observations Surface Contour Radar p30 A8633609 [AD-A162578] p 34 NE623203 of the Bering Sea ice cover during MlZEX West High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within Ocean wave slope statistics from automated analysis p32 A8635683 the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard. aircraft, and of sun glitter photographs Optimized retrievals of precipitable water fields from in situ perspectjves of the SEEP-I experiment [ AD-A161W5] p37 NE624172 combinations of VAS satellite and conventional surface [NASA-TM-88765] p41 N86-27700 Contributions to the oceanography of the western observations p43 A8636193 N~HoMI Aeronpaw Lab., Amsterdam (Netherland#). Alboran Sea Field and airborne spectral characterizationof suspected Map digitization offers new possibilities [AD-At62019] p 37 N86-24173 damage in red spruce (picea rubens) from Vermont [ NLR-MP-84061-U] p51 N86-23028 Naval Poatgmduate School, Yonteny. Callf. p 11 A86-37008 National Environmental Satellite swvlce, Suit*nd, Wd. Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA program, Directional reflectance response in AVHRR red and Characteristics of westem region flash flood events in OPTOMA17 OPTOMA17 P. 21 July 1985. OPTOMA17 near-IR bands for three cover types and varying GOES imagery and conventional data leg DI, 10-22 August 1985,OPTOMAl7 leg DII, 23 August atmospheric conditions p 13 A8639146 [NOM-TM-NESDIS-I31 p44 NE626664 - 5 September 1985 Analysls of a resistance-energy balance method for Natkml Environmental Satelllta senlce,Wuhlngton, [AD-A162067] p 37 N86-24176 estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using D. C. Satellite cloud and precipitation analysls using a one-time-ofday infrared temperature observations Environmental data sources for the Chesapeake Bay minicomputer p 13 A86-39148 Area [ AD-A163821 ] p 58 N88-25084 GLAS experiments on the impact of FGGE satellite data [PB86-llWO] p 35 N86-23211 Nevada Unlv., Reno. on numerical weather prediction p 57 N8624128 Natlwl Gwphyslul Data Center, Boulder, Cob. The nature and wigin of mineral coatings on volcanic Simulation studies related to the design of post-FGGE Earthquake and tsunami data services and rocks of the Black Mountain, Stonewall Mountain and Kane Observing systems p57 NE624160 publications Springs Wash volcanic centers in southern Nevada Objective analysis of tidal fields in the Atlantic and Indian [PB86-156254] p 51 N86-25919 [NASA-CR-176805] p 24 N86-25912 Oceans National Ocunk and Atmo.ph.rlc Admlnktntlon, Northeast Radlo Obsewatory Corp., Weetford, Uur [NASA-TM-87773] p39 N86-26782 Boulder, Colo. Haystack Observatory. Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the Surface and internal Ocean wave observations Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-B radar mid-Atlantic Bight during the 1979 spring bloom p 27 A86-33485 data - Preliminary results p 21 A86-33552 [NASA-TM-88782] p 41 N86-27699 Measurement of sea ice backscatter characteristics at Natlonal Aarwutka and Space Adminiatration. 36 GHz using the surface contour radar Lyndon 8. Johnson Space Center, Hwaton, lex. p29 A86-33562 0 Satellitederivedleaf-area-index and vegetation maps as Management information (Wave Propagation input to global carbon cycle models - A hierarchical Laboratory, Boulder. Colorado) Oceanweather, lnc., White Pfalna. N.Y. approach p 2 A86-30194 [PB86139524] p 38 N86-25106 Seasat microwave wind and rain ObSeNatiOnS in severe Estimation of biophysical properties of forest canopies Natlocul Ocwnk and Abmaphuk Admlnlatmtlon. tropical and midlatitude marine storms through inversion of microwave scattwometer data Yhml, Flr. p27 A8633486 p4 A8633542 Seasat miwOwave wind and rain observations in severe OWko of Technology A.wunrmt. Wuhlngton,D.C. Structure of terrestrial impact craters from SIR-B radar tropical and midlatitude marine stms Oil and gas technologies for the Arctic and deepwater data - Preliminary results p 21 A86-33552 p27 A8633486 [PB86119948] p 24 N86-23030 Overview and highlights of Early Warning and Crop Heat budget and dimatic atlas of the equatorial Atlantic Ohio State Unlv., Columbua Condin Assessment project p5 A86-33576 Ocean during FGGE (First GARP Global Experiment. The study of gravity field estimation procedures Vegetation assessment using a combination of visible, 1979 [AD-A1645641 p 19 NE626745 near-IR and thermal-IR AVHRR data p 5 A8633577 [PB86-111622] p 35 N86-23213 Oklahoma Unlv., Norman. Evaluation of crop acreage estimation methods using Natkml Ocunk and Atmorpherlc Admlnlatratlon, Analysis of airbane Doppler lidar, Doppler radar and Landsat data as auxiliary input p6 AS-33606 Scaffle, wash. tall tower measurements of atmospheric flows in quiescent Spectral charactenzation of biophysrcal characteristics Surface and internal Ocean wave observations and stmy weather in a boreal forest - Relationshipbetween Thematic Mapper p 27 A86-33485 [NASA-CR-39601 p56 NE623159 band reflectanceand leaf area index for Aspen Relationships between surface observations over the Oparatlona Ranarch, Inc., Landover, Yd. p8 A8635677 global oceans and the southern osciilation EOS radiometer concepts for soil moisture remote An informationmeasure for class disnimination [PB86-110038] p35 NE624112 sensing p 11 A8636789 Sea ice dynamics and regional meteorology for the Arctic [NASA-CR-1776541 p 14 NE623995 Natlonal Aeronautics and Spm Adminiatration. polynya experiment (APEX)-Bering Sea 1985 Langley Ranarch Canter, Hampton, Va. [PB86-148038] p 38 N86-25939 Assessing impacts of off-nadir observation on remote Natlonal Ocaank and Atmosphwk Admlnlstratlon, P sensing of vegetation - Use of the Suits model Washington, D. C. Paclflc Ylulle Teat Center, Polnt Mugu, CaIH. p 1 A86-30193 Ocean color measurements p28 A8633488 Navstar GPS (Global PositioningSystem) accuracywhile An airborne multiple-beam 1.4 GHz pushbroom Hydrologic and land sciences applications of NOAA surveying arrays of deep ocean transponders microwave radiometer p6 A86-33583 polar-orbiting satellite data p 43 N86-23993 [AD-A163364] Microwave backscatter and emission observed from NOM Atlas: An atlas of satellitederived Northern p 38 N86-26313 Pmaylvanh State Unlv., Unlvmlty Park. Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz Hemispheric snow cover frequency p 44 N86-24075 Preliminary assessment of wil moisture Over radiometer p53 A8633584 Federal agency satellite requirements vegetation Design and beneMs of a multibeam Earth Observing [ADA1650711 p 59 N86-27410 [NASA-CR-177226] p 15 N86-27704 Radar p29 A8633591 GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental SAGE observations of stratowheric nitrogen diiodde Purdua Unlv., West Lafayetto, Ind. Satellite)-next overview Polarization photometer to measure bidirectional p55 A86-36838 [AD-A165080] p59 N86-27411 reflectancefactor R(55 deg. 0 deg, 55 deg. 180 deg) of Site selection and directional models of deserts used Operational satellite support to scientific programs leaves for ERBE validation targets p9 A86-35748 [AD-A165081] p 59 N86-27412 Structure of the southern Rio Grande rift from gravity [NASA-TP-2540] p 57 N88-23160 Transport processes as manifested in satellite and liar Comparison of the Defense Meteorological Satellite interpretation p 18 A86-37795 Program (DMSP) and the NOM Polarorbiting Operational Sun angle, view angle, and background effects on aerosd measurements p 17 N86-27788 NaUonaI A.roruutka and Space Admlnktntlon. Environmental Satellite (POES) program spectral response of simulated balsam fir canqies National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint LOUIS, [ AD-A1651 181 p59 N86-27413 p 13 A86-39002 Mlu. NOAA satellite requirements forecast Remote sensing techniques for the detection of soil [AD-A1852441 p40 N86-27414 S erosion and the identification of soil conserveation Satellite-derived moisture profiles practices p3 A86-33506 [NOAA-NESDIS24] p44 NE627703 SACLANT ASW ReMarch Center. La Spda (Italy). A preliminary report on the measurements of forest Optimum management strategies for the NOAA An atlas of original and mercator-transformed canopies with Cband radar scatterometer at (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) satellite-data images of the Alboran Sea, August-October NASAlNSTL p3 A86-33525 polar-orbiting operational environmental satellites, 1983 MulbFolarization SAR data for surface feature 1985-2ooo. volume 1 [AD-A161898] p 36 N86-24170 delineation p 46 A86-33594 [ AD-A1 651 431 p 59 N86-28007 Sandla Natlonal Labs., Albuquerque, N. Max. Analysis of data acquired by Shuttle Imaging Radar International coordination of and contributions to Stable-isotope studies of groundwaters in southeastern SIR-A and Landsat Thematic Mwrover BaldwinCounty. environmental satellite programs New Mexico Alabama p 12 A8637018 [ AD-A1 651 421 p60 N86-28016 [DE864025901 p 43 N86-23027

c-3 ~ ~ ~~

Science Appllcations International Corp., College Station, Tex. CORPORA TE SOURCE

Science Appllcations Intemtlonal Corp., College Statlon, Tex. A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to arctic ambient noise. Part 3. Section 1: Ambient noise. Section 2: Ambient noise [ ADA1 65304 I p 39 N86-26786 A study of sea ice kinematics and their relationship to arctic ambient noise. Part 3, section 3: Ambient noise [AD-A165305] p 40 N66-26789 Scrlpps Instltutlon of Oceanography. La Jolla, Calif. Ocean color measurements p 28 A86-33488 Sea surface temperature from satellites: The impact of FGGE p 36 N86-24161 Sherbrooke Unlv. (Quebec). The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing [SU-84] p 56 N86-23025 South Carollna Unlv.. Columbla. Application of LANDSAT TM images to assess circulation and dispersion in coastal lagoons [NASA-CR.177315] p44 N86-26665 T Technlcolor Government Services, Inc., Mollett Fleld, Calli. Analysis of forestlstructure using thematic mapper simulator data p4 A8643540 Multi-crop area estimation and mapping on a microprocessorlmainframe network p 7 A86-33644 Measurement of Thematic Mapper data quality p50 A8637032 Texas Unlv., Adlngton. Utilization of active microwave roughness measurements to improvepassive microwave soil moisture estimates over bare soils p8 A6645679 Scattering from a random layer embedded with dielectric needles p 10 A8646045 Texas Unlv., El Paso. Structure of the southern Rio Grande rift from gravity interpretation p 18 A8637795 U Unlvenlty 01 South Florlda, St. Petemburg. A simulation analysis of the fate of phytoplankton within the mid-Atlantic bight [NASA-CR-l77265] p39 N86-26670 W Wsshlngton Unlv., Seattle. Weddell-Scotia sea marginal ice zone ObSeNatiOnS from space, October 1984 p 26 A66-33105 Extracting sea ice data from satellite SAR imagery p 29 A8643560 A simple, objective analysis scheme for scanerometer data p 32 A66-35550 Relationships between surface observations over the global weans and the southern oscillation [PB86-110038] p 35 N86-24112 Washlngton Unlv., St. LOUIS.Mo. Use of SIR-A and Landsat MSS data in mapping shrub and intershrub vegetation at Kwnamore, South Australia p 13 A86-39003 Water ConMrvatlon Lab., Phoanlx, Ark. Analysis of a resistance-energy balance method for estimating daily evaporation from wheat plots using one-time-of-day infrared temperature observations p 13 A8649148 Wlsconsln Unlv., Msdlson. Modeling the controls of forest productivity using canopy variables p 11 A8647016

c-4 FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY INDEX

EARTH RESOURCES I A Continuing Bibliography (Issue 51) OCTOBER 1986

Qplcal Foreign Technology Index Listing BULGARIA Rectification of Scanner images using prediction Remote sensing and modeling of the dynamics of the approaches western part of the Black Sea p 26 A86-32679 [SER-C-3031 p57 N86-23992 COUNTRY OF Satellite-borne 90 GHz radiometer experiment INTELLECTUAL (SABREX), phase A1 C [ DFVLR-MITT-85-13] p 57 N86-24000 Archimedes project remote sensing of oil spills North CANADA Sea experiment, October 1983. Report on DFVLR (Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) contribution -L Microwave remote sensing of agricultural crops in ITALY Canada p 1 A86-30190 [ DFVLR-FB-85-54] p 35 N86-24002 MOMS-01 (Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Evaluation01 the accuracy 01 the metrc camera Images A preliminary analysis of Landsat MSS and TM data in Scanner) for Earth observation: First results of STS-7 lor the production 01 llne maps and orthophotos the Levack area. Sudbury. Canada p 20 A8633519 miWn p 57 N86-24W3 D 72 N86-10490 SNR in SAR p54 A8633633 r On the information content of multispectral radiance Forestry information content Thematic Mapper data of measurements over an ocean p8 A86-34741 [GKSS-85/E/43] p 40 N86-27697 Practical photogrammetry hom 35-mm aerial photography p55 A86-36080 '1 Irl Economical maintenance of a national topographic data I base using Landsat images p 48 A86-36082 Processing of multi-sensor remotely sensed data to a INDIA standard gaocoded format p50 A8637019 Remote sensing for &vetoping cwntries - A case study Integration 01 hgh and low resolution satellite data for of Tunisia p 15 A8630195 Automatic cloud classification p 46 A8633534 crop condition assessment p 12 A8637020 Wind dependence of L-band radar backscatter Landsat MSS and airborne geophysical data combined p33 A86-35860 Listings in this index are arranged alphabetically by for mapping granite in southwest Nova Scotia INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION p23 A8637021 country of intellectual origin. The title of the Landsat TM image forward/reverse scan banding The fundamentals of microwave remote sensing Characterization and correction p 49 A8636790 document is used to provide a brief description of [SU-84] p 56 N86-23025 ITALY the sublect matter The page number and the CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF Observation 01 internal waves and seismic waves in the accession number are included in each entry to A clustering algorithm for remote sensing multiSpectral Sicilian Channel p27 A8633392 data p 51 A86-37033 assist the user in locating the citation in the abstract Lineament analysis in a test area of northern Application 01 Shutlle imaging radar data for land use Mozambique p20 A86-33520 SBctlOn investigations p 51 A86-39150 Slope-intercept-density plots . A new method for line detection in images p46 A86-33600 An integrated approach to geometric precision D processing of spaceborne high-resolution sensors DENMARK p 55 A86-34737 Design of the European Space Agency Thematic Mapper Push-broom microwave radiometer systems for space applications p53 A8633589 processing chains p51 A86-37864 An atlas of original and mercator-transformed Statistical lineament analysis in South Greenland based A on Landsat imagery p 22 A86-35676 satellite-data images 01 the Alboran Sea. August-October 1983 Microwave radiometry for oil pollution monitoring, [AD-A1618981 p 36 N86-24170 AUSTRALIA measurements, and systems p32 A86-35682 Rellectance modelling and the derivation of vegetation indices for an Australian semi-arid shrubland J p7 AN-34740 F Remote sensing with the Jindalea skywave radar FINLAND JAPAN p33 A86-36954 Applicability atmospheric correction algorithm for Remote sensing of snow water equivalent using 01 Hydrologic modeling using Landsat MSS data CZCS data Japanese coastal area p 31 A8643632 Nimbus-7 SMMR data p 42 A86-33616 to p 43 A86-37010 Research and development of the synthetic aperture Investigation of ice dynamics in the marginal ice zone radar transmitter and receiver subsystem design and some AUSTRIA [AD-A164364] p 38 N86-25962 Comparison between Landsat MSS and Thematic FRANCE component test results p54 A8633636 Mapper data lor geobotanical prospecting in the SPOT - A high-precisionview of the earth High speed image processing system with custom VLSl for DSP p54 A8633641 Spanish-Portuguese Pyrite Belt p7 A86-33628 p 52 A86-31222 Terrain height measurement by synthetic aperture radar Evaluation of Landsat MSS bands and transformations The effective elastic lithosphere under the Cook-Austral for detecting heavy metal stress in foresttovered areas and Society islands p 25 A86-32267 with an interferometer p 55 A86-34736 Asian Conference on Remote Sensing. 5th. Kathmandu, p7 A86-33629 Possible applications of the microwaves surface soil Nepal, November 15-18, 1984. Proceedings Radar image simulation as a tool to analyze topographic moisture remote sensing p6 A8633582 effects on geometry and radiometry of radar imagery A stable iterative procedure to obtain soil surface p55 A86-35425 Satellite thermal observation of oil slicks on the Persian p 50 A8637026 parameters and fluxes from satellite data p8 A8635678 Gulf p33 A8636048 lntraseasonal variations of OLR in the tropics during Evapotranspiration over an agkultural region using a the FGGE year p48 A86-36227 B surface Iluxltemperature model based on NOAA-AVHRR data p 10 A86-36237 Estimation of monthly rainfall from satellite-ObSeNed cloud amount in the tropical western Pacific BRAZIL The ARGOS system for positioning and data collection p 43 A86-36234 Development of a satellite-tracked oceanographic by satellite - Characteristics and performance levels High accuracy clustering using residual image drining buoy for the Brazilian Antarctic Program, part 1 p56 A86-39559 p49 A8637003 [INPE-3793-PREI888] p 36 N86-24166 Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Note, no. 13, Comparison of Circulation estimates and winds based 1986 on shipboard and satellite-tracked buoy data in Bransfeld G [ISSN-0388-9653] p 40 N86-27694 Strait, 9-14 March, 1985. part 3 GERYANY.FEDERALREPUBLIC OF On land-sea contrast in the Earth radiation budget [INPE-3795-PRE/890] p 36 N86-24168 Problems with global mapping p 48 A86-35111 p40 NE627695 A proposal lor a project entitled Assessment of Forest Examples of the automated derivation of digital surface Resources in Uruguay submitted to the United Nations models p 48 A86-35292 Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Forest signatures in imagingand non-imagingmicrowave K [ INPE-3828-NTEI2551 p 15 N86-26666 scatterometer data p9 A8636037 Wheat area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data Detection of biomass by an empiric albedo and spectral KOREA.(SOUTH) and aerial photographs reflectance model in the Sahara Desert from A non-stationary contextual classifier with improved [INPE-3824-PRE/W] p 15 NE626667 Landsat-imagery p 11 A86-37015 accuracy p 47 A86-33621

D- 1 MEXICO FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY INDEX

An improved hybrid classifier p8 A8644744 Estimation of the accuracy of the remote determination The applicability of LOWTRAN 5 computer code to aerial of ocean surface temperature on the basis of satellite thermographic data correction p48 A8634739 measurements of outgoing thermal radiation in the Estimation of sea-surface temperature from AVHRR M 10.5-12.5 micron range P27 A86-33320 data Comments on the paper by Singh et al. (1985) Optimal disposition of satellitetracked drifting buoys in p31 A8634743 MEXICO the South Atlantic p 31 A86-34488 Relative vertical positioning using ground-level A measuring reference system to quantify the Investigation of the content of trace elements in sea transponders with the ERS-1 altimeter desertification process in a semiarid ecosystem based on aerosols and the surface microlayer off sea water p33 A86-35688 Landsat MSS data p 16 A86-37011 P32 A8634754 Small format, oblique. colwr aerial photography. An Probabilistic modeling of fields of atmospheric aid to the location of methane seepage turbulence and sea roughness with referenceto the study p 11 A86-36783 N of complex systems P33 A8636480 Estimation of atmospheric corrections from multiple Methods of combined air and space remotesensing aircraft imagery p49 A8636784 NETHERLANDS studies of Siberia P22 A86-36501 Satellite remote sensing of atmospheric optical depth Semi-operationalidentification of agricultural crops from Problems and principles of the geological interpretation spectrum p 55 A86-36785 airborne SLAR-data p 12 A8647025 of remote-sensing data p22 A86-36502 Position fixing afloat p33 A8646788 Map digitization offers new possibilities Combined structural and geomorphological methods for Applications of sensor payloads p 56 AM-37343 the processing of aerial and space photographic [ NLR-MP-84061-U] p 51 N86-23028 ERSl - Our new window on the oceans for the 1990s remote-sensing data with the aim of solving geological A multiindex multitemporal approach to map crops in p34 A86-38718 pfoblems p22 A86-36503 the early growing season: An application to two Italian Investigationof the earth from space - A new contribution irrigation districts: East Sesia and Grande Bonifiga to the development of structural geomorphology Fenarese p22 A8636504 [ICW-1611] p 15 N86-26674 Method for the quantitative estimation of convergence in mapping in the case of the interpretation of space photographs of oil-and-gas-bearingregions of Siberia S p23 A86-36505 Quantitative assessment of the information content of SWEDEN TV images of difterent scale on the example of diSjUnCtNeS Satellite imaging of coastal flow circulation in relation of Siberia p 23 A86-36506 to numerical modelling p 31 A86-33631 Methods for the remote sensing of transition zones of Direction dependent interpolation of aeromagnetic the junction of Siberian platforms and orogens data p23 A8637W9 p23 A8636507 SWITZERLAND The use of remote-sensing data to predict regional and Large area snowmelt runoff simulations based on local oil-and-gas-bearing structures within the Landsat-MSS data p42 A8633505 Dneprovsk-Donetsk paleocift p23 A8636508 A stepwise hierarchical multi-binary approach in TM Combination of air and space remote-sensing methods landuse classification p46 A8633597 and geological-geophysical methods for the purpose of Resource monitoring oriented remote sensing data oil and gas exploration in the southern Permsk region processing capabilities p 16 A86-33643 p 23 A8646509 Aspects of the geological interpretation of geophysical fields and results of air and space remote-sensing T ObseNatiOnS of oil-and-gas-bearingterritories p 23 A86-36510 TURKEY Technical and software facilities at a center for the The study of the natural geographic differences in the processing of remota-sensing data p 48 A86-36511 coastal areas of water covered parts of Marmara region The possibility of applying different types of in Turkey with the help of Landsat-4 MSS data using an imageanalysis software to environment-protection UnSUpeNiSed classification algorithm with Euclidean problems p 16 A86-36513 distance p43 A8637012 Choice of spectral bands for a spaceborne multispectral scanner p55 A8636514 Statistical approach to the dassifmti of -ts on U air and space remote-sensing images p 48 A8646515 U.S.S.R. Certain transformations in a quantitative approach to Agicultural and scientik space platforms image processing p48 A8636517 p 1 A8629843 Computer processing of spectrally superposed data Possibility of small-scale physicogeographical p 49 A8646518 regionalization using space spectrometry data Determination of the spectral charactenstis of natural p 16 A8640974 objects on test ranges, and aspects of the effiiency of Integrated global monitoring of the world ocean. space systems p 11 A8646697 Volumes 1. 2, 8 3 p24 A8631350 Environment and climate p 16 A8648677 Near-Mace water circulatm in the sub-Arctic frontal The effectof the atmosphere on the satellite remote zone (according to satellite data) p 25 A86-32676 sensing of earth resources p56 A8639969 Some features of small-scale ocean eddies according USSR report: Earth sciences to an analysis of satellite images p 25 A8632677 [JPRS-UES86-0041 p34 NE623017 Salyut-6 ObseNatiOn of color and brightness contrasts Ice shelves of Antarctica correlated with ocean-bottom relief p 26 A8642678 [PB86106986] p 35 N86-23208 Features of the geological application of space data Problems of the Arcti and the Antarctic, Collection of pl9 A86-32680 Articles. Volume 56,1981 Interpretation of ring structures on space images and [PB86107109] p35 N86-23209 their correlation with geophysical fields and crustal Problems of the Arctic and the Antarctic, collection of structure in the USSR p 19 A86-32681 articles, vol. 57, 1981 Appfication of space imagery to the identification and [PB86-106994] p37 N86-24182 geologicalgeophysical sludy of hidden plutons in early UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC Proterozoic troughs p20 A8632682 Application of spaceborne and airborne techniques in Determinationof sea spectral reflectancefrom airborne mineral exploration at Wadi El Allaqi area, Eastern Desert, measurements p26 A8632683 Em p23 A86-37865 Determination of the moisture content of nonuniformiy UNITED KINGDOM moistened soils with a surface tran-n layer on the basis Use of Seasat SAR imagery for geological mapping in

of microwave spectroradiometry p 2 A8632684 a volcanic terrain ~ Askja Caldera, Iceland A histogram as the basis of the statistical classification p 19 A86-30189 of images p45 A86-32688 Monotemporal, multitemporal. and multiate thermal Formation of a digital data base for automated forest infrared data acquisition from satellites for soil and mapping p2 A86-32669 surface-material survey p 1 A8630191 Computer-aidedinterpretation of space images with the Vegetation index and possibility of complementary aim of structural analysis p20 A8642690 parameters from AVHRRl2 p2 A8630197 ~tructUralfeatures of the easterly jet stream according The design, construction and eatly trials of a novel to satellie data p 26 A8633315 airborne surveillance radar p25 A8632635 An algorithm for the identification of cloud cover and Millimeter-wave backscatter from snowcover the estimation of spectral brightnesses of the cloudless p 42 A86-33615 atmosphere according to satellite scanning measurements SAR image segmentationusing digitised field boondaries of outgoing IR radiation p 52 A86-33317 for crop mapping and monitoring applications Expenmenta on the remote temperature sounding of the p7 A86-33625 atmosphere on Me basis of NOM-satellie radiometer The estimation of atmospheric effects for SPOT using measurements p 52 A86-33318 AVHRR channel-1 data D 47 A86-34738 D-2 CONTRACT NUMBER INDEX

EARTH RESOURCES I A Continuing Bibliography (Issue 51) OCTOBER 1986

Qplcai Contract Number Index Listlng

NAS7-100 ...... p4 A8633541 NAS7-918 ...... p18 A8637024 P14 N86-25034 PS N86-23159 NAS9-15421 ...... p10 A86-36045 NAS9-15509 ...... p4 A8633541 NAS9-15800 ...... p6 A8633606 P9 A86-35748 P 13 A86-39002 NABORA-H-COOOP ...... p38 NE625104 NA84AA-D-OW46 ...... p40 N86-26791 Listings in this index are arranged alpha- NCA21R-865-401 ...... p11 A8647016 NGL-17-004-024 ...... p17 NE626669 numerically by contract number . Under each NOAA PROJECT 144-U824 ...... p43 A86-39004 contract number. the accession numbers denoting NOAA-NA-79SA00741 ...... p28 A8633488 documents that have been produced as a resub of NOAA-NA-80MD00007 ...... p28 A86-33488 NOAA-NA-84AAD00065 ...... p43 A8639004 research done under that contract are arranged in NR PROJECT 083-165 ...... p32 A86-35545 ascending order with the AIM accession numbers NR PROJECT 083-400 ...... p32 A86-35545 appearing first . The accession number denotes the NSF ATM-80-25329 ...... p36 N86-24120 number by which the citation is identified in the P 36 NE624142 NSF ATM-82-05817 ...... p26 A86-33120 abstract section. Preceding the accession number NSF DPP-82-07098 ...... p58 NE625076 is the page number on which the citation may be NSF EAR-70-25371 ...... p18 A8647795 found. NSF ECS-82-13418 ...... p45 A8643522 NSF ECS-82-17191 ...... p9 A8635687 NSF ECS84-00324 ...... p16 A8633595 P 50 A86-37022 A86-35687 A86-31976 NSF WE-82-08927 ...... p25 A8641976 A86-33120 DAJA45-83-C-0034 ...... p 38 NE625962 A8643529 DE-AC04-76DP-00053 ...... p 34 N86-15969 A8645679 DE-AC04-76DP-00789 ...... N86-23027 NSG-5423 ...... p15 N86-27698 DE-AC08-83NV-10282 ...... NE625036 NOOOl4-76-C0197 ...... p32 A86-35545 DOC-MO-A01-78-004332 ...... p 8 A86-35679 N00014-78-GO566 ...... p28 A86-33488 N00014-80-C-0098 ...... p25 A8631976 ESA-5443/83/DllM(SC) ...... p 50 A8637026 N00014-81-C-0062 ...... p32 A8635545 ESTEC-5538/83 ...... p 35 NE623207 N00014-81-GO295 ...... p29 A8633561 F19628-82-K-0022 ...... p 33 A8636096 A86-33613 N86-26745 P 42 P 19 N00014-81-C-0692 ...... p30 A86-33611 F19628-83-C-0027 ...... p 53 A8643547 A8643634 F19628-84-GO134 ...... p 53 A8633547 P54 A86-33646 F19628-84-K-0018 ...... p 45 A8633526 P31 A86-33647 JPL-954946 ...... A8646083 P31 N00014-83-GO150 ...... p38 N86-26517 JPL-956427 ...... A8639003 N00014-83-GO404 ...... p29 A86-33561 JPL-956515 ...... A86-39003 N00014-84-C-0132 ...... p25 A8631976 JPL-956925 ...... p 21 A86-33550 N86-24180 MOD-2205/24S ...... A8634738 P37 N86-24181 NAGW-273 ...... A86-33488 P37 N86-26788 NAGW-374 ...... p 14 N86-23994 P39 N86-26789 NAGW-678 ...... p 39 NE626670 P40 N00024-83-C-5301 ...... p31 A8633647 NAGW-679 ...... p 32 A86-35550 SBSA-56-84 ...... p23 A86-37009 NAGS-184 ...... p 15 N86-27704 SBSA-63-83 ...... P23 A86-37009 NAG5-196 ...... p 58 N86-27705 STU-83-4119 ...... p23 A86-37009 NAGS-269 ...... p 9 A8635748 USDA-53-9158-0-6362 ...... p4 A8643541 ...... AM-39149 NAG5-271 P 13 USDA-58-319T-3-0208X ...... p2 A8630198 ...... N86-26758 NAG5-332 P 39 USGS-14-08-oool -20585 p18 A86-37797 N86-27837 ...... P 41 W-7405-ENG-48 ...... p58 N86-25925 N86-27838 P 41 644-1140 ...... p14 N86-25034 N86-27853 P 41 672-22-04-70 ...... P57 N86-23160 NAG5459 ...... p 18 N86-26741 ...... P 19 N86-27833 NAG5486 ...... p 10 A86-36046 NAG5-68 ...... ~-D 10 A86736045 NASA ORDER W-15084 ...... p 27 A86-33485 NASW-3389 ...... p 18 A86-37795 NASW-4048 ...... p 21 A86-33521 NAS1-67457 ...... p 10 A86-36047 NAS2-11101 ...... p 7 A86-33644 NAS5-22948 ...... p 28 A8633488 NAS5-22963 ...... A86-33488 A86-33640 A86-33488 A86-37797 NAS5-27339 ...... p 18 A8637797 NAS5-28648 ...... p 14 NE623995 N86-26665 N86-26740 N86-25866 NAS5-28765 ...... p 24 N86-25912 NAS5-28769 ...... N86-26783 NAS6-2520 ...... p 38 N86-25100

E-1 REPORT NUMBER INDEX

EARTH RESOURCES I A Continuing Bibliography (Issue 51) OCTOBER 1986

TLplcai Report Number Index Llsting

ESA-86-96898 ...... p 40 N86-27697 # N86-25912 * # €SA-86-96955 ...... p 15 N86-26674 # N86-25866 ' # NASA-CR-177205 ...... p 58 N86-27705 * # GKSS-85/E143 ...... p 40 N86-27697 # NASA-CR-177214 ...... N86-25034 ' # II NASA-CR-177226 ...... N86-27704 * # NASA-CR-177249 ...... N86-27838 * # HIG-84-3 ...... p 38 N86-25104 # NASA-CR-177265 ...... p 39 N86-26670 * # NASA-CR-177283 ...... p 41 N86-27837 * # ICW-1611 ...... p 15 N86-26674 # NASA-CR-177287 ...... p 39 N86-26758 * # NASA-CR-177290 ...... p 41 N86-27853 * # INPE-3793-PRE/886 ...... p 36 N86-24166 # NASA-CR-177294 ...... p 17 N86-26669 * # INPE-3795-PRE/890 ...... p 36 N86-24168 # NASA-CR-177299 ...... p 18 N86-26741 * # INPE-3824-PRE/900 ...... p 15 N86-26667 # NASA-CR-177300 ...... p 15 N86-27698 * # INPE-3828-NTE/255 ...... p 15 N86-26666 # Listings in this index are arranged alpha- NASA-CR-177310 ...... p 39 N86-26783 * # NASA-CR-177311 . p24 N86-26740 * # 113.6 ...... p 38 N86-25962 numerically by reporl number. The page number # NASA-CR-177313 . p19 N86-27833 * # indicates the page on which the citation is located. NASA-CR-177315 ...... p 44 N86-26665 ' # ISBN-3-7696-9353-1 ...... N86-23992 # The accession number denotes the number by NASA-CR-177854 ...... p 14 N86-23995 # ...... N86-23159 * # which the citation is identified. An asterisk (*) ISSN-0065-5325 ...... p 57 N86-23992 # NASA-CR-3960 P 56 ISSN-0171-1342 ...... p 35 N86-24002 indicates that the item is a NASA report. A pound # NASA-TM-87773 ...... p 39 N86-26782 * # N66-24000 sign (X) indicates that the item is available on P 57 # NASA-TM-88752 ...... p 59 N86-26355 * # ISSN-0344-9629 ...... D 40 N86-27697 # NASA-TM-88754 ...... p 14 N86-25863 * # microfiche. ISSN-0388-9653 ...... p 40 N86-27694 # NASA-TM-88755 ...... p 14 N86-25032 # ISSN-0710-0868 ...... p 56 N86-23025 # NASA-TM-88765 ...... p 41 N86-27700 # NASA-TM-68782 ...... p 41 N86-27699 * # JHU/APL/SMr7565 ...... p 35 N86-23207 # NASA-TP-2540 ...... p 57 N86-23160 * # AD-A161898 ...... p 36 N86-24170 # JIMAR-84-0085 ...... P 38 N86-25104 # AD-A161995 ...... p 37 N86-24172 # NESDIS-ENVIRON-INVENT-3 ...... p 35 N86-23211 # AD-A162019 ...... p 37 N86-24173 # JPL-PUBL-66-5 ...... p 14 N86-25034 * # AD-A162022 ...... p 17 N86-24034 # NLR-MP-840614 ...... p 51 N86-23028 # AD-A162067 ...... p 37 N86-24176 # JPRSUES-86-@34 ...... p 34 N86-23017 # AD-A162578 ...... N86-23203 # NOM-DR-ERL-PMEL-12 ...... p 35 N86-24112 # AD-A163061 ...... p 38 N86-25104 # KGRD-15-REV ...... p 51 N86-25919 # AD-A163096 ...... p 37 N86-24160 # NOAA-NESDIS-24 ...... p 44 N86-27703 # AD-A163097 ...... N86-24161 # P 57 N86-23160 * # ADA163364 ...... N86-26313 # NOAA-TM-ERL-AOML-61 P 35 N86-23213 # AD-A163821 ...... p 58 N86-25084 # LG84-601 115 ...... p 24 N86-25099 # AD-A164364 ...... p 38 N86-25962 # NOAA-TM-ERL-PMEL-64 ...... p 38 N86-25939 # AD-A164564 ...... p19 N86-26745 # LDGO-85-7 ...... p 37 N86-24180 # LDGO-85-8 ...... p 37 N86-24181 # AD-A164679 ...... p39 N86-26716 # NOAA-TM-NESDIS-13 _.._ P 44 N86-26668 # ADA165071 ...... p59 N86-27410 # N86-26791 # AD-A165080 ...... p 59 N86-27411 # MITSG-85-21 ...... P 40 NORDA-TN-315 ...... p 37 N86-24173 # ADA165081 ...... p 59 N86-27412 # MLM-3277 p 34 N86-15969 # N86-27413 # ...... NORDA-103 ...... N86-24172 # N86-28016 # N86-25866 * # AD-A165143 ...... p 59 N86-28007 # MR-6 ...... P 24 NPS63-85-003 ...... p58 N86-25084 # AD-A165244 ...... p 40 N86-27414 # NPS68-85-026 ...... p 37 N86-24176 # P 39 N86-26788 # N86-26782 # AD-A165305 ...... p 40 N86-26789 # N86-26355 * # OPPORTUNITY-BRIEF-41 ...... p 40 N86-26791 # AD-A165552 ...... p 38 N86-26517 # N86-25863 * # N86-25032 # PB86-106986 ...... p35 N86-23208 # NAS 1.1588765 N86-27700 * # p 39 N86-26788 # PB86-106994 p37 N86-24182 # NAS 1.1588782 N86-27699 * # PB86.107109 ...... p 35 N86-23209 # N86-25100 * # PB86-110038 ...... p35 N86-24112 # N86-24120 * #

AFGL-TR-85-0278 ...... p 19 N86-26745 # PB86-110640 ...... D 35 N86-23211 # N86-24142 + # PB86-111622 p 35 N86-23213 # N86-23994 * # ...... ASCOT-85-2 ...... p 58 N86-25925 # PB86-119948 p 24 N86-23030 # N86-25912 * # ...... PB86-139177 ...... p 36 N86-24142 * # N86-25866 * 68571449 ...... _ p51 N86-23028 # # N86-25106 # NAS 1.26.177205 N86-27705 * ...... # N86-25076 # N86-25034 * # CONF-8503189-1 ...... p 43 N86-23027 # PB86-148038 ...... p 38 N86-25939 # NAS 1.26177226 p 15 N86-27704 * ...... # PB86-156254 ...... N86-25919 # N86-27838 * # P 41 N86-26791 # N86-26670 # CRREL-85-14 ...... p17 N86-24034 # P 39 PB86-166097 ...... p 17 N86-26675 # NAS 1.26177283 ...... p 41 N86-27837 * # NAS 1.26:177287 ...... p 39 N86-26758 * # p34 N86-15969 # P 38 N86-26313 # P 41 N86-27853 * # N86-26669 * # P 17 REPT-8660195 ...... p 39 NE626782 * # NAS 1.26177299 ...... p 18 N86-26741 * # NAS 1.26177300 p 15 N86-27698 * # ...... SACLANTCEN-SR-89 ...... p 36 N86-24170 # N86-26783 * # DFVLR-FB-85-54 ...... p 35 N86-24002 # N86-26740 * # SAIC1-425-07-356-1O-PT-3-SE ___ D 39 N86-26788 # NAS 1.26177313 ...... p 19 N86-27833 * # SAC-1-425-07-356-10-PT-3-2 ...... p 40 N86-26789 # DFVLR-MITT-85-13 ...... p 57 N86-24000 # N86-26665 * NAS 1.26177315 ...... p 44 # SAIC-85/1950-PT-3-SEC-3 ...... p 40 N86-26789 # N86-23995 * # SAIC85/1950-PT-3 ...... p 39 N86-26788 # EGG-10282-1096 ...... N86-23159 * # N86-23160 * # NAS 1.602540 ...... p 57 SAND-85-1978C ...... p 43 N86-23027 # ERL-237 ...... N86-25100 * # ERL-238 ...... NASA-CR-176720 ...... p 36 N86-24120 * # SER-C-303 ...... p 57 N86-23992 # NASA-CR-176722 ...... p 36 N86-24142 * # ESA-CR(P)-2097 ...... p 35 N86-23207 # NASA-CR-176725 ...... p 14 N86-23994 * # SU-84 ...... p 56 N86-23025 #

F- 1 su-85 REPORT NUMBER INDEX su-85 ...... p 56 NE623025 #

TIE6900108 ...... p 24 NE625099 #

TA-410 ...... p 38 N86-26517 #

lT-75-52081 ...... p 35 NE623208 # Tr42-00-102 ...... p 35 NE623209 # lT-82-00-104 ...... p 37 NE624182 #

UCID-20519 ...... p 58 NE625925 #

USCG-D-28-85 ...... p 39 NE626716 #

USGSBULL-1634 ...... p 24 NE625099 #

USGS-OFR-85-304 ...... NE626675 #

I F-2 ACCESSION NUMBER INDEX

EARTH RESOURCES I A Continuing Bibliography (Issue 51) OCTOBER 1986

vplcal Accesslon Number I Index Llstlng

, A8633592 * # p 21 A8636047 '# p 10 A8639006 # p 13 I A8633593 # p21 A8636048 # P33 AM-39146 * # p 13 A86-33594 *# p46 A8636049 # PI0 A8639147 # p 13 A8636079 # p48 A8633595 p 16 A8639148 '# p 13 # A86-36080 # P55 A8633596 '# p 46 A8639149 '# p 13 A8636082 # P48 A8649150 # p51 N86-10599 *.# p 40 A8633597 # p46 A8636083 * # P 22 A8639545 # p 51 77- A8643598 # p6 A8636084 # p10 A8633600 # p46 A8649559 # p 56 A8636096 # P33 A86-39969 # p56 A86-33601 '# p29 A86-36099'# P18 A8633602 # p30 A8636193 * # p 43 A8633605 # p8 N86-15969 # p 34 A8636227 # P48 N86-23017 # p 34 ACCESSION NUMBER A8633606 '# p 6 A8636234 p43 NUMBER # NE623025 # P56 A8633607 # p30 A8636237 # p 10 A8633608 # p30 N86-23027 # p43 A8636400 # P33 N86-23028 # p51 A86-33609'# p30 A8636501 # p22 Listings in this index are arranged alpha- A8633611 * # p 30 N86-23030 # p24 A8636502 # p22 N86-23159 * # p 56 numerically by accession number. The page A8633612 # p 30 A8636503 # p22 A86-33613 # p42 N86-23160 '# p 57 number listed lo the right indicales the page on A86-36504 # P22 N86-23203 # p34 A86-33615 # p 42 A8636505 # p23 which the citation is located. An asterisk (*) A8633616 # p 42 N88-23207 # P35 A8636506 # p23 N86-23208 # P35 1 indicates that the item is a NASA report. A pound A86-33617 # p42 A8636507 # P23 A8633619 # p30 N86-23209 # P35 I sign (#) indicates that the item is available on A86-36508 # p 23 N86-23211 # P35 A8633621 # p47 A8636509 # p23 microfiche. A8633622 # p6 N86-23213 # P 35 A8636510 # P 23 N8623992 # p57 A8633623 * # p 54 A8646511 # P 48 A8633624 '# p 47 N86-23993 # p43 A8636513 # p16 N86-23994 * # p 14 A8633625 # p7 A8636514 # P55 A8633626 p47 N86-23995 # P 14 A8633502 # p52 # A8636515 # p48 IA86-29843 # PI A0633627 # p7 N86-24000 # P 57 A8633503 '# p2 A8636517 # P48 A8630189 # P 19 A8633628 p7 N86-24002 # p35 A86-33504 p2 # A8636518 # P 49 A8630190 # PI '# NE624003 # P57 A8633505 # p42 A8633629 # P7 A8636697 # p 11 A8630191 # P 1 A8633630 # P43 N86-24034 # p 17 A8633506 * # p 3 A8636783 # p 11 N86-24075 # p44 A86-30192 # P 1 A86-33631 # P31 A8633514 # p 28 A8636784 # P49 N86-24112 # p35 A8630193 * # P 1 AM-33515 # p45 A8633632 # P31 A86-36785 # P55 A8633633 # P54 N8624120 '# p 36 A8630194 '# P 2 A8633516 '# p 18 A8636788 # P33 N86-24128 # p 57 A8633634 '# p 54 A8636789 p 11 A8630195 # P 15 A8633517 # p20 '# N86-24142 * # p 36 A8630196 # P 2 A8633518 # p20 A86-33636 # P54 A86-36790 # P49 A86-33638 * # p 47 N86-24160 # P 57 A8630197 # P 2 A8633519 # p 20 A8636838 '# P 55 A86-33639 # p47 N86-24161 # p 36 A8630198 # P 2 A8633520 # p20 A8636954 # P33 N86-24166 # p 36 A86-30974 # P 16 A8633521 * # p 21 A8633640 * # P 47 A8637001 # P56 A8633641 # P54 N86-24168 # p 36 A86-31222 # p 52 A86-33522 # P45 A8637002 # P58 N86-24170 # P36 A8631350 # P 24 A86-33523 * # p 3 A8633643 # P 16 A8647003 # p49 A8633644 P 7 N86-24172 # p37 A8631976 # P 25 A8633524 # P3 '# A8637004 # p49 A8633645 # P 31 NE624173 # p37 A8632267 # p25 A8633525 * # P 3 A8637006 # p49 A8633646 P31 NE624176 # P37 A8632333 # P44 A8633526 # P45 # A8637007 # P56 A8633647 # P31 N88-24180 # p37 A8632337 # P44 AM-33529 # P 28 A8637008 '# p 11 A8634111 p 58 N86-24181 # P 37 A8632368 # P45 A8633532 * # P 29 # A8637009 # P23 A8634112 P 54 N86-24182 # P37 A8632370 # P45 A6633533 # p52 # A86-37010 # P 43 A86341 18 # P 58 N86-25032 # P 14 A8632537 # P 16 A8633534 # P46 A8637011 # P 16 N86-25034 '# p 14 A86-32556 '# p25 A8633535 # P46 A6634488 # P31 A8637012 # P43 A8634736 # p55 N8625036 # p 17 A8632599 # p25 A86-33538 # P3 A8637013 # P 34 A8634737 # P55 N86-25076 # p58 A8632635 # p25 A8633539 # P3 A8637014 # P 11 A8634738 # P47 N86-25084 # p58 A8632676 # p25 A86-33540 * # P 4 A8637015 # p 11 N8625099 # p24 A8632677 # P25 A86-33541 * # P 4 A8634739 # P48 A8637016 '# p 11 A86-34740 P7 N86-25100 * # p 38 A8632678 # P26 A86-33542*# P4 # A8637017 # p49 A8634741 # P8 N86-25104 # P38 ~86.32679 # p26 A8633545 * # P 53 A8637018 '# p 12 A8634742 * # P 8 N88-25106 # p38 A86-32680 # P 19 A8633547 # P53 A8637019 # p50 N88-25863 # p 14 A86-32681 # P 19 A8633550 * # P 21 A8634743 # P31 A8637020 # P 12 A8634744 P8 N86-25866 * # p 24 A86-32682 # P20 A8633551 # P21 # A8637021 # P23 A86-34754 # P32 N86-25912 '# P 24 A8632683 # P26 A8633552 * # p 21 A8637022 # P50 NE625919 # P51 A86-35111 # P48 A86-37024 * p 18 A8632684 # P2 A8633554.n P4 # N86-25925 # p 58 A8632688 # P45 A8633555 # P4 A8635278 # P32 A8637025 # p 12 A8635292 # P48 NE625939 # p38 A8632689 # P 2 A8643556 * # P 4 A86-37026 # p50 N86-25962 # p38 A86-35425 # P55 A8637027 * # p 50 A8632690 # P 20 A8633557 # P4 N86-26313 # P38 A86-33104 '# P26 A8633558 # P5 A8635531 # P32 A8637028 '# p 50 A86-35545 # P32 N86-26355 * # P 59 A8633105 '# P 26 A8633560*# p29 A8637032 '# p 50 N86-26517 # D38 A8635550 * # P 32 A8637033 # p51 A8633120 # P26 A8633561 # p29 N86-26665 # b 44 A8633315 # P 26 A86-33562 * # p 29 A8635676 # P22 A8637034 * # p 12 A8635677 * # P 8 A8633317 # P52 A8633565 * # p 5 A8637035 # P 12 N86-26666NE626688N86-26667 # pPP44 15 A8633318 # P52 A8633566 '# p5 A8635678 # P8 A86-37036 # P 12 A8635679 '# P 8 A8637343 P56 A86-33320 # P27 A8633576 # p 5 # N86-26669 '# p 17 A8635681 # PQ A8637506 P34 A86-33392 # P27 A8633577 * # p 5 # NE626670 * # p 39 A8635682 # Pa2 A8637795 '# p 18 A8633481 # P27 A8633578 # p5 N86-26674 # p 15 A8633482 # p27 A86-33579 # p6 A86-35683 * # P 32 A8637797 '# p 18 4 N86-26675 # p 17 A8635687 # PQ A8637864 # p51 A86-33483 # P27 A8633582 # p6 N86-26716 # p39 A8635688 # P33 A86-37865 # p23 A8633484 # P27 A8633583 '# p6 N86-26740 * # p 24 A8635748 '# P 9 A8638648 p34 A86-33485.n p27 A8633584 * # p 53 # N86-26741 '# p 18 A8635860 # P33 A8638677 p 16 A8633486 * # P 27 A8633586 * # p 53 # N86-26745 # p 19 A8633487 # p28 A8636037 # P9 A8638718 # p 34 A8633588 '# p 53 A8636042 * # P 9 N86-26758 * # p 39 A8633488 '# P 28 AB639002 '# P 13 A86-3?589 # p 53 A8636044 # PQ NE626782 * # p 39 A8633489 '# P28 A8639003'# P13 NE626783 # p 39 A8633490 # P28 A8633590 '# P54 A86-36045 '# PI0 A8639004 P43 N86-26788 # p39 -33501 '# p52 A86-33591 * # p 29 A8636046'# PI0 # G- 1 ~

N86-26789 ACCESSION NUMBER INDEX

N86-26789 # p40 N86-26791 # p40 N86-27410 # p59 N86-27411 # p 59 N86-27412 # p 59 N86-27413 # p 59 N86-27414 # p40 N86-27694 # p40 N86-27695 # p40 N86-27697 # p40 N86-27698 * # P 15 N86-27699 * # p 41 N86-27700 * # p 41 N86-27703 # p 44 N86-27704 # p 15 NE627705 * # p 58 N86-27749 * # p 51 N86-27788 * # p 17 N86-27833 * # p 19 N86-27837 * # p 41 N86-27836 * # p 41 N86-27853 * # p 41 N86-28007 # p 59 N86-28016 # p 60

6-2 AVAILABILITY OF CITED PUBLICATIONS

IAA ENTRIES (A86-10000 Series) Publications announced in IAA are available from the AIM Technical Information Service as follows: Paper copies of accessions are available at $10.00 per document (up to 50 pages), additional pages $0.25 each. Microfiche'') of documents announced in IAA are available at the rate of $4.00 per microfiche on demand. Standing order microfiche are available at the rate of $1.45 per microfiche for IAA source documents and $1.75 per microfiche for AIMmeeting papers. Minimum air-mail postage to foreign countries is $2.50. All foreign orders are shipped on payment of pro-forma invoices. All inquiries and requests should be addressed to: Technical Information Service, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 555 West 57th Street, New York, NY 10019. Please refer to the accession number when requesting publications.

STAR ENTRIES (N86-10000 Series) One or more sources from which a document announced in STAR is available to the public is ordinarily given on the last line of the citation. The most commonly indicated sources and their acronyms or abbreviations are listed below. If the publication is available from a source other than those listed, the publisher and his address will be displayed on the availability line or in combination with the corporate source line. Avail: NTIS. Sold by the National Technical Information Service. Prices for hard copy (HC) and microfiche (MF) are indicated by a price code preceded by the letters HC or MF in the STAR citation. Current values for the price codes are given in the tables on NTlS PRICE SCHEDULES. Documents on microfiche are designated by a pound sign (#) following the accession number. The pound sign is used without regard to the source or quality of the microfiche. Initially distributed microfiche under the NTlS SRlM (Selected Research in Microfiche) is available at greatly reduced unit prices. For this service and for information concerning subscription to NASA printed reports, consult the NTlS Subscription Section, Springfield, Va. 22161. NOTE ON ORDERING DOCUMENTS: When ordering NASA publications (those followed by the * symbol), use the N accession number. NASA patent applications (only the specifications are offered) should be ordered by the US-Patent-Appl-SN number. Non-NASA publications (no asterisk) should be ordered by the AD, PB, or other report number shown on the last line of the citation, not by the N accession number. It is also advisable to cite the title and other bibliographic identification.

Avail: SOD (or GPO). Sold by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, in hard copy. The current price and order number are given following the availability line. (NTIS will fill microfiche requests, as indicated above, for those documents identified by a # symbol.)

Avail: NASA Public Document Rooms. Documents so indicated may be examined at or purchased from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Public Document Room (Room 126), 600 Independence Ave., S.W., Washington, D.C. 20546, or public document rooms located at each of the NASA research centers, the NASA Space Technology Laboratories, and the NASA Pasadena Office at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

(1) A microfiche is a transparent sheet of film, 105 by 148 mm in size containing as many as 60 to 98 pages of information reduced to micro images (not to exceed 26.1 reduction). Avail: DOE Depository Libraries. Organizations in US. cities and abroad that maintain collections of Department of Energy reports, usually in microfiche form, are listed in Energy Research Abstracts. Services available from the DOE and its depositories are described in a booklet, DO€ Technical Information Center - Its Functions and Services (TID-4660), which may be obtained without charge from the DOE Technical Information Center.

Avail: Univ. Microfilms. Documents so indicated are dissertations selected from Dissertation Abstracts and are sold by University Microfilms as xerographic copy (HC) and microfilm. All requests should cite the author and the Order Number as they appear in the citation.

Avail: USGS. Originals of many reports from the U.S.Geological Survey, which may contain color illustrations, or otherwise may not have the quality of illustrations preserved in the microfiche or facsimile reproduction, may be examined by the public at the libraries of the USGS field offices whose addresses are listed in this introduction. The libraries may be queried concerning the availability of specific documents and the possible utilization of local copying services, such as color reproduction.

Avail: HMSO. Publications of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office are sold in the U.S. by Pendragon House, Inc. (PHI), Redwood City, California. The U.S. price (including a service and mailing charge) is given, or a conversion table may be obtained from PHI.

Avail: BLL (formerly NLL): British Library Lending Division, Boston Spa, Wetherby, Yorkshire, England. Photocopies available from this organization at the price shown. (If none is given, inquiry should be addressed to the BLL.) I

Avail: Fachinformationszentrum, Karlsruhe. Sold by the Fachinformationszentrum Energie, I Physik, Mathematik GMBH, Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Federal Republic of Germany, at the price shown in deutschmarks (DM).

Avail: Issuing Activity, or Corporate Author, or no indication of availability. Inquiries as to the availability of these documents should be addressed to the organization shown in the citation as the corporate author of the document.

Avail: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Sold by Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks, US. Patent and Trademark Office, at the standard price of 1.50 each, postage free. i Avail: ESDU. Pricing information on specific data, computer programs, and details on ESDU I topic categories can be obtained from ESDU International Ltd. Requesters in North I America should use the Virginia address while all other requesters should use the I London address. 1

Other availabilities: If the publication is available from a source other than the above, the publisher and his address will be displayed entirely on the availability line or in combination with the corporate author line. PUBLIC COLLECTIONS OF NASA DOCUMENTS DOMESTIC: NASA and NASA-sponsored documents and a large number of aerospace publications are available to the public for reference purposes at the library maintained by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Technical Information Service, 555 West 57th Street, 12th Floor, New York, New York 10019. EUROPEAN: An extensive collection of NASA and NASA-sponsored publications is maintained by the British Library Lending Division, Boston Spa, Wetherby, Yorkshire, England for public access. The British Library Lending Division also has available many of the non-NASA publications cited in STAR. European requesters may purchase facsimile copy or microfiche of NASA and NASA-sponsored documents, those identified by both the symbols # and * from ESA - Information Retrieval Service European Space Agency, 8-10 rue Mario-Nikis, 75738 CEDEX 15, France. FEDERAL DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAM In order to provide the general public with greater access to U.S. Government publications, Congress established the Federal Depository Library Program under the Government Printing Off ice (GPO), with 50 regional depositories responsible for permanent retention of material, inter-library loan, and reference services. At least one copy of nearly every NASA and NASA- sponsored publication, either in printed or microfiche format, is received and retained by the 50 regional depositories. A list of the regional GPO libraries, arranged alphabetically by state, appears on the inside back cover. These libraries are not sales outlets. A local library can contact a Regional Depository to help locate specific reports, or direct contact may be made by an individual.

STANDING ORDER SUBSCRIPTIONS NASA SP-7041 and its supplements are available from the National Technical information Service (NTIS) on standing order subscription as PB 86-903800 at the price of $14.50 domestic and $29.00 foreign. Standing order subscriptions do not terminate at the end of a year, as do regular subscriptions, but continue indefinitely unless specifically terminated by the subscriber. ADDRESSES OF ORGANIZATIONS

American Institute of Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Astronautics Administration Technical Information Service Scientific and Technical Information 555 West 57th Street, 12th Floor Branch (NlT-1) New York, New York 10019 Washington, D.C. 20546

British Library Lending Division, National Technical Information Service Boston Spa, Wetherby, Yorkshire, 5285 Port Royal Road England Springfield, Virginia 22161

Commissioner of Patents and Pendragon House, Inc. Trademarks 899 Broadway Avenue US. Patent and Trademark Off ice Redwood City, California 94063 Washington, D.C. 20231

Department of Energy Superintendent of Documents Technical Information Center U.S. Government Printing Office P.O. Box 62 Washington, D.C. 20402 Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 University Microfilms ESA-Information Retrieval Service A Xerox Company ESRIN 300 North Zeeb Road Via Galileo Galilei Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 00044 Frascati (Rome) Italy University Microfilms, Ltd. ESDU International, Ltd. Tylers Green 1495 Chain Bridge Road London, England McLean, Virginia 22101

U.S. Geological Survey Library ESDU International, Ltd. National Center - MS 950 251-259 Regent Street 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive London, W1R 7AD, England Reston, Virginia 22092

Fachinformationszentrum Energie, Physik, Mathematik GMBH U.S. Geological Survey Library 7514 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen 2255 North Gemini Drive Federal Republic of Germany Flagstaff, Arizona 86001

Her Majesty’s Stationery Off ice U.S. Geological Survey P.O. Box 569, S.E. 1 345 Middlefield Road London, England Menlo Park, California 94025

NASA Scientific and Technical Information U.S. Geological Survey Library Facility Box 25046 P.O. Box 8757 Denver Federal Center, MS 914 B.W.I. Airport, Maryland 21240 Denver, Colorado 80225 . Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. NASA SP-7041 (51)

1. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date October 1986 EARTH RESOURCES 6. Performing Organization Code A' Continuing Bibliography (Issue 51)

1. Authorb) 8. Performing Organization Report No.

I 10. Work Unit No. 3. Performing Organization Name and Address

National Aeronautics and Space Administration 11. Contract or Grant No. Washi ngton, D .C . 20546 13. Type of Report and Period Covered 2. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

5. Supplementary Notes

6. Abstract

This bibliography lists 382 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between July 1 and September 30, 1986. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis.

17. Key Words (Suggested by Author(s)) 18. Distribution Statement

Bibliographies Earth Resources Unclassified - Unlimited 'Remote Sensors

Unclassified

For sale by the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161 NASA-Langley, 1986