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The TIFAX XM 11 Teletext Decoder

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The TIFAX XM 11 Teletext Decoder B183 The TIFAX XM 11 Teletext Decoder 100 too CEEFAX Tue 31 may 100 ORACLE 100 WedOlJun ITV 19.14i11 c ELF FiZ1 M21111 &Di I ITN MAIN INDEX 200 TELEVISION NEWS HEADLINES 101 FULL INDEX HEADLINES. Nous 201 TV INDEX. 120 NEWS IN DETAIL 102-114 Sport 202 171' LONDON 777 HEWSFLASH 150 C - P 197 Business 203 ITV REGIONS 150 WEATHER 115 R - Z The Pound 248 BBC TY 333 FT Index 249 FINANCE HEADLINES .120 For the CEEFAX FT INDEX 125 "Latest Pages^ WEATHER MAP..... 600 CONSUMER PAGES 500 serv.ce, leave LONDON. 701 PRICES 501 SPORT HEADLINES ... 130 your set on 190 REGIONS 1508 BIRTHDAYS 506 YOUR STARS 507 TRAVEL NEWS..... 116-119 TRAVEL INDEX....400 .0414 LONDON... 704 SPECIAL SECTION INDEX LONDON 700 CONSUMER NEWS .. REGIONS ISO 141 ON THE BATH AHD WHATS ON ...... PRICES GUIDE 142 .300 TECHNICAL 450 WEST SHOW 700 RECIPE 143 PACES 171-1/5 COMPLETE INDEX 19B FOR CHILDREN 144 'ARMING 147 BBC Ceefax Index IBA Oracle Index CEEFAX 116 Tue 31 May 20 35r53 ORACLE 51i Wed01Jun 1Tv 19 A _ 511 fir2t 5FOPIEIC ODIFFTIBREAkinEPSEI 1LP PDS BREAK THE HIDDEN CODE 1st JUNE MI Road works have closed the south- bound side exit link at Junction 14, PEG colours A II it II 5 II Newport Pagnell, and one or store lanes T i''Ir4IIID;)46Cg22Eis any four Code Pegs in the area. Those wishing to head for 'maybe more than one of each colour) Newport Pagnell should leave the motor --e KEY PEGS -chow the Code Breaker's -way at Junction 15, via the 2508, 05 ,,ess, after each turn and 4422 ,-/light colour SCODE PEGS* KEY PEGS* A:1 Gas board son have the road up at Int positinf Stansted, Essex 115111111 x X H m =Right colour 21 H • x ..crseguards Parade, London: a Beating wrong position 3M IM ■ H • the Retreat ceresony uill ..an 411 Isiown congestion in the Whitehall area ,,on X eVronq colour. 511 IR A 5 pe until after Bps . A NOW ITS YOUR TURN II / , SCLuTICN of Tcre road news follows 5:re Information Example Ainusement Example ooTeaLL LATI ENGLAND 0 Mix Mode Example Newsflash Example Application Report B183 The TIFAX XM 11 Teletext Decoder by Bryan Norris and Garry Garrard TEXAS INSTRUMENTS LIMITED MANTON LANE, BEDFORD. TELEPHONE 67466 Information contained in this report is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, responsibility is assumed neither for its use nor for any infringement of patents or rights of others which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent right of Texas Instruments or others. he/ss CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 SPECIFICATION 1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 2 I.C. DESCRIPTIONS 3 Serial/Parallel Converter I.C. 3 Clock Control I.C. 3 Computational Logic I.C. 3 Memory 1.C.'s 3 R.O.M. 4 Output Logic I.C. 5 Rounding I.C. 6 MODULE 7 INCORPORATION IN A T.V. RECEIVER 7 Power Supply 9 Composite Video Signal Input and I.F. Requirements 10 Line Flyback Pulse 14 Blanking Output 16 Video Output Interface 17 Sound Muting 18 REFERENCES 18 ASSOCIATED PRODUCTS 19 Direct Memory Access Module 19 Module with Double Height Character Facility 19 Alternative Character Founts 19 Remote Control Interface I.C. 19 Microprocessor Control of T.V. Peripheral Circuits 19 PRODUCT SUMMARY 19 B183 The TIFAX XM-11 Teletext Decoder by Bryan Norris & Garry Garrard L.s.i. is implemented by gates interconnected to INTRODUCTION perform functions. Thus a breakdown of the system into A number of factors were considered during the conception speed required per gate level was required and an examina- of a decoder design to enable the reception of Teletext tion made of all the possible processes available to give the signals, in particular the BBC's CEEFAX and the 1BA's rudimentary divisions for the dedicated i.c.s. Further ORACLE services, to be decoded and displayed on a constraints in the equation foi i.c. partitioning are; the domestic television receiver. The first and most important minimum acceptable yield relating to maximum bar size, of these was the intention that, as the product was destined the number of package pins available; and the necessary for the consumer market, it must be low cost and simple tc interconnections between and on i.c.s. All these factors, use. This could have involved a trade-off between cost and combined with the desire to have an electrically compatible features, and certainly meant that the number of integrated system, resulted in the use in the module of the low power circuits (i.c.$) used would be optimized so that the overall Schottky transistor-transistor logic (1.p.S.t.t.1.) process ex- function cost was a minimum. Related to this latter fact was tensively, but combined with integrated injection logic the early decision to supply a complete fully functional (i 21), n-channel MOS (n.m.o.s.), and special bipolar linear module lather than individual i.c.s. This speeds the intro- processes. duction of the whole Teletext System, does not involve the equipment manufacturer in expensive involved i.c. incoming inspection equipment, and, provided the module interfacing SPECIFICATION is designed for simple insertion, does not involve him in The TIFAX XM-11 is a sub-assembly module, designed lengthy design time. Another important consideration was to perform full teletext decoding from a composite video the decision to use processes, after a detailed review of the signal,' and to provide decoded signals suitable for driving whole of the company's technologies, which were standard the video output stages of t.v. receivers. The decoder is at the time of first production units. For example, charge programmed using a scanning matrix keyboard, and may be coupled devices (c.c.d.$) will probably be an ideal process interfaced with remote control circuitry. for the Teletext decoder of the future, but, without volume It features:- production experience, they would almost certainly intro- * A full alphanumeric character set, upper and lower duce complications into the product manufacture and case letters, impose unjustified risks. • 64 Giaphics characters, Another deliberation was whether of not to use a • Six colours plus white display, standard microprocessor in the system. Use of such a micro- • Flashing characters, processor would have required a minimum development • Boxed characters, investment and would have provided flexibility by means of • Concealed/unconcealed display, its program read-only-memories (i.o.m.$). More functions • Newsflash and subtitle facilities, could be easily added, it requires little buffering and will • Update capability, store many logic states. However, Teletext needs none of • Time accessed page acquisition, the latter features but requires a large number of functions • Suppress header and page capability. to be performed in a fast throughput time and requires Also for added legibility and ease of use, it has: additional peripheral dedicated parts, e.g. data slicer, error • Charactei rounding, correction, character rounding logic. Thus the micropro- • Picture, text, and text-superimposed on picture, cessor is first, not fast enough, and secondly, with the modes of display, necessary special peripherals, is not economic when com- • Keyboard entered page and time displayed on the pared with a dedicated i.c. design for high volume consumer screen, usage. Therefore the dedicated large scale integrated (l.s.i.) • Rolling page number displayed, approach was taken for the decoder. • Freeze display. 1 It is designed to: synchronisation of the 6.9375MHz internal clock and to o Employ only a 5V power supply (typical consumption the Serial to Parallel Converter. Video is taken to the Sync. 800mA) Separator where the composite sync. signal is extracted and o Allow for an increase in the number of data lines, fed to the Field Sync. The Line Flyback pulse is passed o Require the minimum number of connections with through a Monostable and taken to both Field Sync. and the t.v., (The open collector output stages have Line Sync. which provide their appropriate timing signals, sufficient voltage and current capability to directly i.e. Field Sync., Odd and Even Field pulses and Line Sync. drive t.v. video output stages), pulses. The data, now in parallel form, is passed from the o Allow additional keyboards by simply wiring in Serial to Parallel block to the Framing Code Detect, where, parallel, if Teletext information is detected, a signal is passed to o Perform all code checking and correcting. Character Clock for it to generate timing signals mainly for character control. 8-bit byte information is passed through Brief Data and corrected in Hamming Code Correct to the Page Decode. +5V VCC User commands are given to the decoder via a key- Composite video input 1.0-2.7V pk to pk board (either cable connected or remote control) and Line flyback pulse input —30 to —100V w.r.t. earth decoded in Keyboard Decode. Page/Time decoder ascertains Keyboard entry 4 x 5 scanning matrix whether the requested page is to be selected by Time code Outputs (R,G,B, Mono- or page number only, and the relevant Page and (optional) chrome and Blanking) 0 to 15V time are stored in the Keyboard Memory. When the in- 20mA maximum sink coming data matches the information in the Keyboard source. Memory, Page Decode generates a 'write enable' signal from Page Cleai allowing the page to be written into the Memory at addresses generated by Row Count and Character Count. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION All information is written into the memory during the Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the complete frame blanking period.
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