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The Gaia Mission. Overview and Young Stars

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The Gaia Mission. Overview and Young Stars The Gaia mission Overview and data releases A. Mora Aurora Technology BV for ESA. Gaia SOC (ESA-ESAC) STARRY final conference. Leeds, UK. 2019-06-19 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Outline 1.Introduction 2.The mission 3.Data Release 2 (25 Apr 2018) 4.DR2 DPAC papers (some results) 5.Gaia papers (selection) 6.Data Release 3 and beyond ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 2 1. Introduction ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 3 Gaia mission status Gaia spacecraft is fine and operating nominally End of nominal 5 year mission in summer 2019 Gaia DR2 22 months of data, Gaia DR3 34 months of data, collected so far 58 months ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 4 2. Gaia: parallaxes distances https://socratic.org/questions/how-stellar-parallax-is-measured ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 5 2. Parallax + proper motion https://socratic.org/questions/how-stellar-parallax-is-measured ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 6 2. The Hyades open cluster https://socratic.org/questions/how-stellar-parallax-is-measured ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 7 2. The mission ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 8 Scientific Mission Goals Astrometry (G < 20 mag) completeness to 20 mag (on-board detection) 109 stars accuracy: 26 μarcsec at G=15 mag (Hipparcos: 1 milliarcsec at 9 mag) scanning satellite, two viewing directions global accuracy, with optimal use of observing time principle: global astrometric reduction (as for Hipparcos) Photometry (G < 20 mag) astrophysical diagnostics (low-dispersion photometry) + chromaticity Teff ~ 100 K, log g, [Fe/H] to 0.2 dex, extinction (at G=15 mag) Radial velocity (GRVS < 16 mag) -1 accuracy: 15 km s at GRVS=16 mag application: third component of space motion, perspective acceleration dynamics, population studies, binaries spectra for GRVS < 12 mag: chemistry, rotation principle: slitless spectroscopy in Ca triplet (845-872 nm) at R = ~10,800 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 9 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 10 11 Satellite and System • ESA-only mission • Launch: 19 December 2013 • Launcher: Soyuz–Fregat from French Guiana • Orbit: L2 Lissajous orbit • Ground stations: Cebreros, New Norcia + Malargüe • Lifetime: nominal mission 5 years • Downlink rate: 8 Mbps ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 11 Figure Soyuz: Arianespace; figure Gaia: ESA - C. Carreau Measurement principle Two telescopes (absolute astrometry) + large optics (sharpness) + CCDs (SNR) Credit: ESA/Gaia/DPAC/Airbus DS ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 12 Gigapixel focal plane ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 13 Photometry Low resolution spectrophotometry ≲1 billion stars x ~100 epochs visible SEDs Diagrams courtesy C. Jordi and J.-M. Carrasco ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 14 Spectroscopy Intermediate resolution CaII IR triplet tens of millions, largest spectroscopic survey! Figure courtesy D. Katz, O. Marchal, C. Soubiran ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 15 3. Data Release 2 (25 Apr 2018) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 16 Gaia Data Release 2 in numbers Data Products Gaia DR2 Gaia DR1 Total number of sources (G, α, δ) 1.69 billion 1.14 billion Position, parallax proper motion 1.33 billion 0.002 billion Position only (α, δ) 0.36 billion 1.14 billion Colours (BP/RP) 1.38 billion - Radial velocity at GRVS < 12 (~ G < 13) 7.2 million - Stellar Parameters 77-161 million - Variable star light curves 551 thousand 3 thousand Asteroid epoch astrometry/photometry 14 thousand - ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 17 The Gaia Sky in Colour ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 18 Astrometry performance Parallax Proper motion Precision Parallax Prop. motion Systematics below 0.1 mas/0.1 mas/yr G=15 0.03 mas 0.06 mas/yr Bright star performance calibration G=17 0.1 mas 0.2 mas/yr limited G=20 0.7 mas 1.2 mas/yr Spatial Correlations at ~1 deg and ~20 G=21 2.0 mas 3.1 mas/yr deg scales ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 19 Photometric performance Significant calibration improvements w.r.t. DR1 Mean G precision for about 100 observations Systematics ≲ 10 mmag Nominal DR1 Remaining caveats DR2 performance prediction Faint end dominated by stray-light Bright end affected by saturation effects Calibration issues at window class regime transitions ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 20 Stellar Parameters 2.5 Extinction map [mag] G A Surface temperature for 161 million stars Radius, luminosity, extinction and reddening for ~ 80 millions Some degeneracies in derived parameters ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide0 21 Radial velocities in DR2 Accuracy around a few 100 m/s, worse at higher magnitude End of mission requirement on precision (1 km/s) already met at bright end Only provided for sources at ~ 3550<Teff<6900 K ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 22 Variable stars: light curves • 550,000+ variable stars identified. 7 Vioque+ (2018) HAeBe • 3-band light curves for all • Variability classes (RR Lyrae, Cepheids, Mira, etc) and detailed parameters (e.g. period) for sub-sets Folded 3-band light-curve for one long period variable ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 23 4. DR2 DPAC papers (some results) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 24 Babusiaux+ HR diagram 65M 4M low extinction ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 25 Babusiaux+ MS Hyades, Praesepe ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 26 Babusiaux+ WDs and red clump ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 27 Babusiaux+ stellar clusters Open clusters: Globular clusters: age metallicity ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 28 Babusiaux+ stellar populations Vtan< 40 km/s 60 km/s < Vtan< 150 km/s Vtan > 200 km/s ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 29 Andrae+ 88M extinctions ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 30 Andrae+ dereddened HR diagram ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 31 Andrae+ Orion dust tomography ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 32 Katz+ Milky Way disc kinematics Galactic center SUN Km/s ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 33 Katz+ Milky Way disc kinematics Lots of structure in velocity plane: equilibrium? Gaia DR2 2009 2017 2018 11939 stars 37419 stars 366182 stars ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 34 Helmi+ LMC rotation ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 35 5. Gaia papers (selection) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use A. Mora | The Gaia mission. Overview and data releases | STARRY. Leeds, UK | 2019-06-19 | Slide 36 ADS statistics Gaia all refereed papers: 1755 All citations: 25482 DR2 refereed papers: 1264 ~3/day Refereed citations: 7308 Most cited paper (1528): Gaia Collaboration; Brown+ 2018A&A...616A...1G Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties Most cited papers (non-DPAC) Ivezić+ (978) 2019ApJ...873..111I LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products Bailer-Jones+ (313) 2018AJ....156...58B Estimating Distance from Parallaxes.
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