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Version 8.0.6a - 12/11/2019 • 1116 • The ABA Checklist is a copyrighted work owned by American Birding Association, Inc. and cannot be reproduced without the express written permission of American Birding Association, Inc. • 93 Clinton St. Ste. ABA, PO BOX 744 Delaware City, DE 19706, USA • (800) 850-2473 / (719) 578-9703 •

The comprehensive ABA Checklist, including detailed species accounts, and the pocket-sized ABA Trip List can be purchased from ABA Sales at , Geese, and () Black-bellied Whistling- Dendrocygna autumnalis BBWD 1 Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor FUWD 1 Emperor Anser canagicus EMGO 2 Snow Goose Anser caerulescens SNGO 1 Ross's Goose Anser rossii ROGO 1 Graylag Goose Anser anser GRGO 5 Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons GWFG 1 Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus LWFG 5 Taiga Bean-Goose Anser fabalis TABG 3 Tundra Bean-Goose Anser serrirostris TUBG 3 Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus PFGO 4 Brant Branta bernicla BRAN 1 Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis BARG 4 Cackling Goose Branta hutchinsii CACG 1 Canada Goose Branta canadensis CANG 1 Hawaiian Goose Branta sandvicensis HAGO 2 Mute Cygnus olor MUSW 1 Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinator TRUS 1 Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus TUSW 1 Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus WHOS 3 Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegyptiaca EGGO 2 Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna COMS 4 Cairina moschata MUDU 2 Wood Duck Aix sponsa WODU 1 Baikal Teal Sibirionetta formosa BATE 4 Garganey Spatula querquedula GARG 4 Blue-winged Teal Spatula discors BWTE 1 Cinnamon Teal Spatula cyanoptera CITE 1 Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata NSHO 1 Gadwall Mareca strepera GADW 1 Falcated Duck Mareca falcata FADU 4 Eurasian Mareca EUWI 2 American Wigeon Mareca americana AMWI 1 Duck Anas laysanensis LAYD 3 Hawaiian Duck Anas wyvilliana HAWD 2 Eastern Spot-billed Duck Anas zonorhyncha ESBD 4 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos MALL 1 American Black Duck Anas rubripes ABDU 1 Mottled Duck Anas fulvigula MODU 1 White-cheeked Pintail Anas bahamensis WCHP 4 Northern Pintail Anas acuta NOPI 1 Green-winged Teal Anas crecca GWTE 1 Canvasback Aythya valisineria CANV 1 Redhead Aythya americana REDH 1 Common Pochard Aythya ferina COMP 3 Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris RNDU 1 Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula TUDU 3 Greater Scaup Aythya marila GRSC 1 Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis LESC 1 1 Steller's Polysticta stelleri STEI 2 Somateria fischeri SPEI 2 Somateria spectabilis KIEI 2 Somateria mollissima COEI 1 Histrionicus histrionicus HADU 1 Camptorhynchus labradorius LABD 6 Surf Melanitta perspicillata SUSC 1 White-winged Scoter Melanitta deglandi WWSC 1 Stejneger's Scoter Melanitta stejnegeri STSC 5 Melanitta nigra COSC 5 Black Scoter Melanitta americana BLSC 1 Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis LTDU 1 Bucephala albeola BUFF 1 Common Bucephala clangula COGO 1 Barrow's Goldeneye Bucephala islandica BAGO 1 Mergellus albellus SMEW 3 Lophodytes cucullatus HOME 1 merganser COME 1 -breasted Merganser Mergus serrator RBME 1 Masked Duck Nomonyx dominicus MADU 3 Oxyura jamaicensis RUDU 1 and Guans () Plain Ortalis vetula PLCH 2 New World (Odontophoridae) Oreortyx pictus MOUQ 1 virginianus NOBO 1 squamata SCQU 1 Quail Callipepla californica CAQU 1 Gambel's Quail Callipepla gambelii GAQU 1 montezumae MONQ 2 , , Turkeys, and () Chukar Alectoris chukar CHUK 2 Gray Francolinus pondicerianus GRAF 2 Black Francolin Francolinus francolinus BLFR 2 Erckel's Francolin Pternistis erckelii ERFR 2 Himalayan Snowcock Tetraogallus himalayensis HISN 2 Gray Perdix perdix GRAP 2 Red Gallus gallus REJU 2 Kalij Lophura leucomelanos KAPH 2 Ring-necked Pheasant colchicus RNEP 1 Indian Pavo cristatus INPE 2 Ruffed Grouse Bonasa umbellus RUGR 1 Greater Sage-Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus GRSG 1 Gunnison Sage-Grouse Centrocercus minimus GUSG 2 Spruce Grouse Falcipennis canadensis SPGR 2 Ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus WIPT 2 Rock Ptarmigan Lagopus muta ROPT 2 White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucura WTPT 2 obscurus DUGR 2 Sooty Grouse Dendragapus fuliginosus SOGR 2 Sharp-tailed Grouse Tympanuchus phasianellus STGR 2 Greater Prairie- Tympanuchus cupido GRPC 2 Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus LEPC 2 Wild Meleagris gallopavo WITU 1 (Phoenicopteridae) American Phoenicopterus ruber AMFL 3

2 (Podicipedidae) Least Tachybaptus dominicus LEGR 2 Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus PBGR 1 Podiceps auritus HOGR 1 Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena RNGR 1 Eared Grebe Podiceps nigricollis EAGR 1 Western Grebe Aechmophorus occidentalis WEGR 1 Clark's Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii CLGR 1 (Pteroclidae) Chestnut-bellied Pterocles exustus CBSA 3 Pigeons and Doves () Rock Pigeon Columba livia ROPI 1 Scaly-naped Pigeon Patagioenas squamosa SNPI 5 White-crowned Pigeon Patagioenas leucocephala WCPI 2 Red-billed Pigeon Patagioenas flavirostris RBPI 2 Band-tailed Pigeon Patagioenas fasciata BTPI 1 Oriental Turtle-Dove Streptopelia orientalis ORTD 4 European Turtle-Dove Streptopelia turtur EUTD 5 Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto EUCD 1 Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis SPDO 2 Zebra Dove Geopelia striata ZEBD 2 Passenger Pigeon Ectopistes migratorius PAPI 6 Inca Dove Columbina inca INDO 1 Common Ground Dove Columbina passerina CGDO 1 Ruddy Ground Dove Columbina talpacoti RGDO 3 Ruddy Quail-Dove Geotrygon montana RUQD 5 Key West Quail-Dove Geotrygon chrysia KWQD 4 White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi WTDO 2 White-winged Dove Zenaida asiatica WWDO 1 Zenaida Dove Zenaida aurita ZEND 4 Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura MODO 1 , Roadrunners, and Anis (Cuculidae) Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani SBAN 3 Groove-billed Ani Crotophaga sulcirostris GBAN 2 Greater Roadrunner Geococcyx californianus GRRO 1 Common canorus COCU 3 Oriental Cuckoo Cuculus optatus ORCU 4 Dark-billed Cuckoo Cuculus melacoryphus DBCU 5 Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus YBCU 1 Mangrove Cuckoo Coccyzus minor MACU 2 Black-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus BBCU 1 Goatsuckers (Caprimulgidae) Lesser Nighthawk Chordeiles acutipennis LENI 1 Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor CONI 1 Antillean Nighthawk Chordeiles gundlachii ANNI 2 Common Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis COPA 2 Common Poorwill Phalaenoptilus nuttallii COPO 1 Chuck-will's-widow Antrostomus carolinensis CWWI 1 Buff-collared Nightjar Antrostomus ridgwayi BCNI 3 Eastern Whip-poor-will Antrostomus vociferus EWPW 1 Mexican Whip-poor-will Antrostomus arizonae MWPW 2 Gray Nightjar Caprimulgus jotaka GRNI 5 Swifts (Apodidae) Black Swift Cypseloides niger BLSW 2 White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris WCSW 4 Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica CHSW 1

3 Vaux's Swift Chaetura vauxi VASW 1 White-throated Needletail Hirundapus caudacutus WTNE 5 Mariana Swiftlet Aerodramus bartschi MASW 3 Common Swift Apus apus COSW 4 Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus FTSW 4 White-throated Swift Aeronautes saxatalis WTSW 1 Antillean Palm-Swift Tachornis phoenicobia ANPS 5 (Trochilidae) Mexican Violetear Colibri thalassinus MEVI 3 Green-breasted Mango Anthracothorax prevostii GNBM 4 Rivoli's Eugenes fulgens RIHU 2 Plain-capped Starthroat Heliomaster constantii PCST 4 Amethyst-throated Mountain-gem Lampornis amethystinus ATMG 5 Blue-throated Mountain-gem Lampornis clemenciae BTMG 2 Lucifer Hummingbird Calothorax lucifer LUHU 2 Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris RTHU 1 Black-chinned Hummingbird Archilochus alexandri BCHU 1 Bahama Woodstar Nesophlox evelynae BAWO 5 Anna's Hummingbird Calypte anna ANHU 1 Costa's Hummingbird Calypte costae COHU 1 Bumblebee Hummingbird Atthis heloisa BUHU 5 Broad-tailed Hummingbird Selasphorus platycercus BTHU 1 Rufous Hummingbird Selasphorus rufus RUHU 1 Allen's Hummingbird Selasphorus sasin ALHU 1 Calliope Hummingbird Selasphorus calliope CAHU 1 Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris BBIH 2 Berylline Hummingbird Amazilia beryllina BEHU 3 Buff-bellied Hummingbird Amazilia yucatanensis BBEH 2 Cinnamon Hummingbird Amazilia rutila CIHU 5 Violet-crowned Hummingbird Amazilia violiceps VCHU 2 White-eared Hummingbird Hylocharis leucotis WEHU 3 Xantus's Hummingbird Hylocharis xantusii XAHU 5 Rails, Gallinules, and Coots (Rallidae) Yellow Coturnicops noveboracensis YERA 2 jamaicensis BLRA 2 Crex crex CORC 4 Ridgway's Rail obsoletus RIRA 2 Clapper Rail Rallus crepitans CLRA 1 King Rail Rallus elegans KIRA 1 Virginia Rail Rallus limicola VIRA 1 Rufous-necked Wood-Rail Aramides axillaris RNWR 5 Sora carolina SORA 1 palmeri LARA 6 Zapornia sandwichensis HARA 6 Paint-billed Crake Neocrex erythrops PBCR 5 Spotted Rail Pardirallus maculatus SPRA 5 Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinicus PUGA 1 Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio PUSW 2 Common Gallinule Gallinula galeata COGA 1 Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus COMO 5 Eurasian Coot Fulica atra EUCO 5 Hawaiian Coot Fulica alai HACO 2 American Coot Fulica americana AMCO 1 Sungrebes (Heliornithidae) Sungrebe Heliornis fulica SUNG 5 Limpkins (Aramidae)

4 Limpkin Aramus guarauna LIMP 2 Cranes (Gruidae) Sandhill Antigone canadensis SACR 1 grus CCRA 4 Grus americana WHCR 2 Thick-knees (Burhinidae) Double-striped Thick-knee Burhinus bistriatus DSTK 5 Stilts and Avocets (Recurvirostridae) Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus BWST 5 Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus BNST 1 American Avocet Recurvirostra americana AMAV 1 Oystercatchers (Haematopodidae) Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus EUOY 5 Haematopus palliatus AMOY 1 Black Oystercatcher Haematopus bachmani BLOY 1 Lapwings and Plovers (Charadriidae) Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus NOLA 4 Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola BBPL 1 European Golden-Plover Pluvialis apricaria EUGP 4 American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica AMGP 1 Pacific Golden-Plover Pluvialis fulva PAGP 2 Charadrius morinellus EUDO 4 Killdeer Charadrius vociferus KILL 1 Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula CRPL 3 Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus SEPL 1 Piping Plover Charadrius melodus PIPL 2 Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius LRPL 5 Lesser Sand-Plover Charadrius mongolus LSAP 3 Greater Sand-Plover Charadrius leschenaultii GSAP 5 Wilson's Plover Charadrius wilsonia WIPL 1 Collared Plover Charadrius collaris COPL 5 Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus MOPL 2 Snowy Plover Charadrius nivosus SNPL 1 Jacanas (Jacanidae) Northern Jacana Jacana spinosa NOJA 4 , , and Allies (Scolopacidae) Upland Bartramia longicauda UPSA 1 Bristle-thighed Numenius tahitiensis BTCU 2 Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus WHIM 1 Little Curlew Numenius minutus LICU 5 Eskimo Curlew Numenius borealis ESCU 6 Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus LBCU 1 Far Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis FECU 4 Slender-billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris SBCU 5 Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata EUCU 5 Bar-tailed Limosa lapponica BTGO 2 Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa BLTG 3 Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemastica HUGO 1 Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa MAGO 1 Ruddy Arenaria interpres RUTU 1 Black Turnstone Arenaria melanocephala BLTU 1 Great Knot tenuirostris GRKN 4 Red Knot Calidris canutus REKN 1 Surfbird Calidris virgata SURF 1 Ruff Calidris pugnax RUFF 3 Broad-billed Sandpiper Calidris falcinellus BBIS 4

5 Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata SPTS 3 Calidris himantopus STSA 1 Calidris ferruginea CUSA 3 Temminck's Calidris temminckii TEST 3 Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta LTST 3 Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmea SBSA 4 Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis RNST 3 Sanderling Calidris alba SAND 1 Dunlin Calidris alpina DUNL 1 Rock Sandpiper Calidris ptilocnemis ROSA 2 Purple Sandpiper Calidris maritima PUSA 1 Baird's Sandpiper Calidris bairdii BASA 1 Little Stint Calidris minuta LIST 4 Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla LESA 1 White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis WRSA 1 Buff-breasted Sandpiper Calidris subruficollis BBSA 1 Calidris melanotos PESA 1 Calidris pusilla SESA 1 Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri WESA 1 Short-billed Limnodromus griseus SBDO 1 Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus LBDO 1 Jack Lymnocryptes minimus JASN 4 Eurasian Scolopax rusticola EUWO 5 American Woodcock Scolopax minor AMWO 1 Solitary Snipe solitaria SOSN 5 Pin-tailed Snipe Gallinago stenura PTSN 5 Gallinago gallinago COSN 3 Wilson's Snipe Gallinago delicata WISN 1 Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus TESA 3 Common Sandpiper hypoleucos COSA 3 Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius SPSA 1 ochropus GRSA 4 Tringa solitaria SOSA 1 Gray-tailed Tringa brevipes GTTA 3 Wandering Tattler Tringa incana WATA 1 Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes LEYE 1 Tringa semipalmata WILL 1 Tringa erythropus SPRE 4 Tringa nebularia COMG 3 Tringa melanoleuca GRYE 1 Tringa totanus CREH 4 Tringa glareola WOSA 2 Tringa stagnatilis MASA 4 Wilson's Phalaropus tricolor WIPH 1 Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus RNPH 1 Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius REPH 1 Pratincoles (Glareolidae) Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarum ORPR 5 Skuas and Jaegers (Stercorariidae) Great Skua Stercorarius skua GRSK 3 South Polar Skua Stercorarius maccormicki SPSK 2 Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus POJA 1 Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus PAJA 1 Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus LTJA 1 , Murres, and Puffins (Alcidae) Dovekie Alle alle DOVE 2

6 Common Murre Uria aalge COMU 1 Thick-billed Murre Uria lomvia TBMU 1 Razorbill Alca torda RAZO 1 Great Pinguinus impennis GRAU 6 Black Guillemot Cepphus grylle BLGU 1 Pigeon Guillemot Cepphus columba PIGU 1 Long-billed Murrelet Brachyramphus perdix LBMU 3 Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus MAMU 1 Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris KIMU 2 Scripps's Murrelet Synthliboramphus scrippsi SCMU 2 Guadalupe Murrelet Synthliboramphus hypoleucus GUMU 3 Craveri's Murrelet Synthliboramphus craveri CRMU 3 Ancient Murrelet Synthliboramphus antiquus ANMU 2 Cassin's Auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus CAAU 1 Parakeet Auklet psittacula PAAU 2 Aethia pusilla LEAU 2 Whiskered Auklet Aethia pygmaea WHAU 2 Aethia cristatella CRAU 2 Rhinoceros Auklet Cerorhinca monocerata RHAU 1 Fratercula arctica ATPU 1 Horned Puffin Fratercula corniculata HOPU 1 Tufted Puffin Fratercula cirrhata TUPU 1 Gulls, , and Skimmers (Laridae) -tailed Gull Creagrus furcatus STGU 5 Black-legged Rissa tridactyla BLKI 1 Red-legged Kittiwake Rissa brevirostris RLKI 2 Ivory Gull Pagophila eburnea IVGU 3 Sabine's Gull Xema sabini SAGU 1 Bonaparte's Gull Chroicocephalus philadelphia BOGU 1 Gray-hooded Gull Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus GHGU 5 Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus BHGU 2 Little Gull Hydrocoloeus minutus LIGU 2 Ross's Gull Rhodostethia rosea ROGU 3 Laughing Gull Leucophaeus atricilla LAGU 1 Franklin's Gull Leucophaeus pipixcan FRGU 1 Belcher's Gull Larus belcheri BEGU 5 Black-tailed Gull Larus crassirostris BTGU 4 Heermann's Gull Larus heermanni HEEG 1 Mew Gull Larus canus MEGU 1 Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis RBGU 1 Western Gull Larus occidentalis WEGU 1 Yellow-footed Gull Larus livens YFGU 3 California Gull Larus californicus CAGU 1 Herring Gull Larus argentatus HERG 1 Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis YLGU 4 Iceland Gull Larus glaucoides ICGU 1 Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus LBBG 2 Slaty-backed Gull Larus schistisagus SBGU 3 Glaucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens GWGU 1 Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus GLGU 1 Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus GBBG 1 Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus KEGU 4 Brown Noddy Anous stolidus BRNO 2 Black Noddy Anous minutus BLNO 2 Blue-gray Noddy Anous ceruleus BGNO 3 White Gygis alba WHTT 2

7 Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus SOTE 2 Gray-backed Tern Onychoprion lunatus GBAT 2 Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus BRTE 2 Aleutian Tern Onychoprion aleuticus ALTE 2 Little Tern Sternula albifrons LITE 4 Least Tern Sternula antillarum LETE 1 Large-billed Tern Phaetusa simplex LBTE 5 Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica GBTE 1 Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia CATE 1 Black Tern Chlidonias niger BLTE 1 White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus WWTE 4 Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida WHST 5 Sterna dougallii ROST 2 Sterna COTE 1 Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea ARTE 1 Forster's Tern Sterna forsteri FOTE 1 Royal Tern Thalasseus maximus ROYT 1 Great Crested Tern Thalasseus bergii GCTE 5 Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis SATE 1 Elegant Tern Thalasseus elegans ELTE 1 Black Skimmer Rynchops niger BLSK 1 (Phaethontidae) White-tailed Phaethon lepturus WTTR 2 Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus RBTR 3 Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda RTTR 3 (Gaviidae) Red-throated Gavia stellata RTLO 1 Arctic Loon Gavia arctica ARLO 2 Pacific Loon Gavia pacifica PALO 1 Gavia immer COLO 1 Yellow-billed Loon Gavia adamsii YBLO 2 (Diomedeidae) Yellow-nosed Thalassarche chlororhynchos YNAL 4 White-capped Albatross Thalassarche cauta WCAL 4 Chatham Albatross Thalassarche eremita CHAL 5 Salvin's Albatross Thalassarche salvini SAAL 5 Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris BBAL 4 Light-mantled Albatross Phoebetria palpebrata LMAL 5 Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans WAAL 5 Phoebastria immutabilis LAAL 2 Black-footed Albatross Phoebastria nigripes BFAL 1 Short-tailed Albatross Phoebastria albatrus STAL 3 Southern Storm-Petrels (Oceanitidae) Wilson's Storm-Petrel Oceanites oceanicus WISP 1 White-faced Storm-Petrel Pelagodroma marina WFSP 3 Black-bellied Storm-Petrel Fregetta tropica BBSP 5 Northern Storm-Petrels (Hydrobatidae) European Storm-Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus EUSP 4 Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel Hydrobates furcatus FTSP 2 Ringed Storm-Petrel Hydrobates hornbyi RISP 5 Swinhoe's Storm-Petrel Hydrobates monorhis SSTP 5 Leach's Storm-Petrel Hydrobates leucorhous LESP 1 Townsend's Storm-Petrel Hydrobates socorroensis TOSP 3 Ashy Storm-Petrel Hydrobates homochroa ASSP 2 Band-rumped Storm-Petrel Hydrobates castro BSTP 2 Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel Hydrobates tethys WRSP 4

8 Black Storm-Petrel Hydrobates melania BLSP 2 Tristram's Storm-Petrel Hydrobates tristrami TRSP 3 Least Storm-Petrel Hydrobates microsoma LSTP 3 and Petrels () Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis NOFU 1 Gray-faced Petrel Pterodroma gouldi GFPE 5 Providence Petrel Pterodroma solandri PRPE 4 Kermadec Petrel Pterodroma neglecta KEPE 4 Trindade Petrel Pterodroma arminjoniana TRPE 3 Herald Petrel Pterodroma heraldica HEPE 4 Murphy's Petrel Pterodroma ultima MUPE 3 Mottled Petrel Pterodroma inexpectata MOPE 2 Bermuda Petrel Pterodroma cahow BEPE 3 Black-capped Petrel Pterodroma hasitata BCPE 2 Juan Fernandez Petrel Pterodroma externa JFPE 3 Hawaiian Petrel Pterodroma sandwichensis HAPE 3 White-necked Petrel Pterodroma cervicalis WNPE 3 Pterodroma hypoleuca BOPE 3 Black-winged Petrel Pterodroma nigripennis BWPE 3 Fea's Petrel Pterodroma feae FEPE 3 Zino's Petrel Pterodroma ZIPE 5 Cook's Petrel Pterodroma cookii COPE 3 Stejneger's Petrel Pterodroma longirostris STPE 4 Tahiti Petrel Pseudobulweria rostrata TAPE 5 Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria bulwerii BUPE 3 Jouanin's Petrel Bulweria fallax JOPE 5 White-chinned Petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis WCPE 5 Parkinson's Petrel Procellaria parkinsoni PAPE 5 Streaked Calonectris leucomelas STRS 4 Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea CORS 1 Cape Verde Shearwater Calonectris edwardsii CVSH 5 Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica WTSH 2 Buller's Shearwater Ardenna bulleri BULS 2 Short-tailed Shearwater Ardenna tenuirostris STTS 2 Sooty Shearwater Ardenna grisea SOSH 1 Great Shearwater Ardenna gravis GRSH 1 Pink-footed Shearwater Ardenna creatopus PFSH 1 Flesh-footed Shearwater Ardenna carneipes FFSH 3 Shearwater Puffinus nativitatis CHSH 3 Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus MASH 2 Newell's Shearwater Puffinus newelli NESH 3 Bryan's Shearwater Puffinus bryani BRYS 5 Black-vented Shearwater Puffinus opisthomelas BVSH 2 Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri AUSH 1 Barolo Shearwater Puffinus baroli BASH 4 (Ciconiidae) Jabiru Jabiru mycteria JABI 4 Wood Mycteria americana WOST 1 (Fregatidae) Lesser Fregata ariel LEFR 4 Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens MAFR 1 Great Frigatebird Fregata minor GREF 3 Boobies and Gannets (Sulidae) Masked Booby Sula dactylatra MABO 3 Nazca Booby Sula granti NABO 4 Blue-footed Booby Sula nebouxii BFBO 4

9 Brown Booby Sula leucogaster BRBO 2 Red-footed Booby Sula sula RFBO 2 Northern Gannet Morus bassanus NOGA 1 Cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae) Brandt's Cormorant Phalacrocorax penicillatus BRAC 1 Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus NECO 1 Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus DCCO 1 Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo GRCO 1 Red-faced Cormorant Phalacrocorax urile RFCO 2 Pelagic Cormorant Phalacrocorax pelagicus PECO 1 Darters (Anhingidae) Anhinga Anhinga anhinga ANHI 1 Pelicans (Pelecanidae) American White Pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchos AWPE 1 Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis BRPE 1 Bitterns, Herons, and Allies (Ardeidae) American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus AMBI 1 Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis YEBI 5 Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis LEBI 1 Bare-throated Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma mexicanum BTTH 5 Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias GBHE 1 Gray Heron Ardea cinerea GRAH 5 Great Egret Ardea alba GREG 1 Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia INEG 5 Chinese Egret Egretta eulophotes CHEG 5 Little Egret Egretta garzetta LIEG 4 Western Reef-Heron Egretta gularis WERH 5 Snowy Egret Egretta thula SNEG 1 Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea LBHE 1 Tricolored Heron Egretta tricolor TRHE 1 Reddish Egret Egretta rufescens REEG 1 Bubulcus ibis CAEG 1 Chinese Pond-Heron Ardeola bacchus CHPH 5 Green Heron Butorides virescens GRHE 1 Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax BCNH 1 Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nyctanassa violacea YCNH 1 Ibises and Spoonbills (Threskiornithidae) White Ibis Eudocimus albus WHIB 1 Scarlet Ibis Eudocimus ruber SCIB 5 Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus GLIB 1 White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi WFIB 1 Roseate Spoonbill Platalea ajaja ROSP 1 New World Vultures (Cathartidae) Black Vulture Coragyps atratus BLVU 1 Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura TUVU 1 California Condor Gymnogyps californianus CACO 2 Ospreys (Pandionidae) Osprey Pandion haliaetus OSPR 1 , Kites, Eagles, and Allies () White-tailed Elanus leucurus WTKI 1 Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus HBKI 3 Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus STKI 1 Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos GOEA 1 Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus DTKI 5 Northern Circus hudsonius NOHA 1 Chinese Sparrowhawk Accipiter soloensis CHIS 5

10 Sharp-shinned Accipiter striatus SSHA 1 Cooper's Hawk Accipiter cooperii COHA 1 Accipiter gentilis NOGO 1 Black Kite Milvus migrans BLAK 5 Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus BAEA 1 White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla WTEA 4 Steller's Sea-Eagle Haliaeetus pelagicus STSE 4 Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis MIKI 1 Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens CRHA 5 Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis SNKI 2 Common Black Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus COBH 2 Great Black Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga GBHA 5 Roadside Hawk Rupornis magnirostris ROHA 4 Harris's Hawk Parabuteo unicinctus HASH 1 White-tailed Hawk Geranoaetus albicaudatus WTHA 2 Gray Hawk plagiatus GRHA 2 Red-shouldered Hawk Buteo lineatus RSHA 1 Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus BWHA 1 Hawaiian Hawk Buteo solitarius HAWH 2 Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus STHA 2 Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni SWHA 1 Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus ZTHA 2 Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis RTHA 1 Rough-legged Hawk Buteo lagopus RLHA 1 Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis FEHA 1 Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus LLBU 5 Barn (Tytonidae) Barn Tyto alba BANO 1 Typical Owls (Strigidae) Oriental Scops-Owl Otus sunia ORSO 5 Flammulated Owl Psiloscops flammeolus FLOW 2 Western Screech-Owl Megascops kennicottii WESO 1 Eastern Screech-Owl Megascops asio EASO 1 Whiskered Screech-Owl Megascops trichopsis WHSO 2 Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus GHOW 1 Snowy Owl Bubo scandiacus SNOW 2 Northern Hawk Owl Surnia ulula NHOW 2 Northern Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium gnoma NOPO 2 Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum FEPO 3 Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi ELOW 2 Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia BUOW 1 Mottled Owl Ciccaba virgata MOOW 5 Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis SPOW 2 Strix varia BADO 1 Great Gray Owl Strix nebulosa GGOW 2 Long-eared Owl Asio otus LEOW 2 Stygian Owl Asio stygius STOW 5 Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus SEOW 1 Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus BOOW 2 Northern Saw-whet Owl Aegolius acadicus NSWO 2 Northern Boobook Ninox japonica NOBB 5 (Trogonidae) Elegant Trogon elegans ELTR 2 Eared Quetzal Euptilotis neoxenus EAQU 4 (Upupidae) Eurasian Upupa epops EHOO 5

11 Kingfishers (Alcedinidae) Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata RIKI 2 Belted Kingfisher Megaceryle alcyon BEKI 1 Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona AMKI 5 Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana GKIN 2 and Allies (Picidae) Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla EUWR 5 Lewis's Melanerpes lewis LEWO 1 Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus RHWO 1 Melanerpes formicivorus ACWO 1 Gila Woodpecker Melanerpes uropygialis GIWO 1 Golden-fronted Woodpecker Melanerpes aurifrons GFWO 1 Red-bellied Woodpecker Melanerpes carolinus RBWO 1 Williamson's Sapsucker Sphyrapicus thyroideus WISA 1 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius YBSA 1 Red-naped Sapsucker Sphyrapicus nuchalis RNSA 1 Red-breasted Sapsucker Sphyrapicus ruber RBSA 1 American Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides dorsalis ATTW 2 Black-backed Woodpecker Picoides arcticus BBWO 2 Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major GSWO 4 Downy Woodpecker Dryobates pubescens DOWO 1 Nuttall's Woodpecker Dryobates nuttallii NUWO 1 Ladder-backed Woodpecker Dryobates scalaris LBWO 1 Red-cockaded Woodpecker Dryobates borealis RCWO 2 Hairy Woodpecker Dryobates villosus HAWO 1 White-headed Woodpecker Dryobates albolarvatus WHWO 1 Woodpecker Dryobates arizonae ARWO 2 Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus NOFL 1 Gilded Flicker Colaptes chrysoides GIFL 2 Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus PIWO 1 Ivory-billed Woodpecker Campephilus principalis IBWO 6 Caracaras and Falcons (Falconidae) Collared -Falcon Micrastur semitorquatus COFF 5 Crested Caracara Caracara cheriway CRCA 2 Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus EUKE 4 American Kestrel Falco sparverius AMKE 1 Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus RFFA 5 Merlin Falco columbarius MERL 1 Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo EHOB 4 Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis APFA 3 Gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus GYRF 2 Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus PEFA 1 Prairie Falcon Falco mexicanus PRFA 1 Parakeets, Macaws, and (Psittacidae) Monk Parakeet Myiopsitta monachus MOPA 2 Carolina Parakeet Conuropsis carolinensis CAPA 6 Nanday Parakeet Aratinga nenday NAPA 2 Green Parakeet Psittacara holochlorus GREP 2 Thick-billed Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha TBPA 5 White-winged Parakeet Brotogeris versicolurus WWPA 2 Yellow-chevroned Parakeet Brotogeris chiriri YCHP 2 Red-crowned Parrot Amazona viridigenalis RCPA 2 Lories, Lovebirds, and Australasian Parrots (Psittaculidae) Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri RRPA 2 Rosy-faced Lovebird Agapornis roseicollis RFLO 2 Becards, Tityras, and Allies (Tityridae)

12 Masked Tityra Tityra semifasciata MATI 5 Gray-collared Becard Pachyramphus major GCBE 5 Rose-throated Becard Pachyramphus aglaiae RTBE 3 Tyrant Flycatchers (Tyrannidae) Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma imberbe NOBT 2 Greenish Elaenia Myiopagis viridicata GREL 5 White-crested Elaenia Elaenia albiceps WCEL 5 Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer DCFL 2 Ash-throated Flycatcher Myiarchus cinerascens ATFL 1 Nutting's Flycatcher Myiarchus nuttingi NUFL 4 Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus GCFL 1 Brown-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus tyrannulus BCFL 1 La Sagra's Flycatcher Myiarchus sagrae LSFL 3 Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus GKIS 2 Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis SOFL 5 Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher Myiodynastes luteiventris SBFL 2 Piratic Flycatcher Legatus leucophaius PIRF 4 Variegated Flycatcher Empidonomus varius VAFL 4 Crowned Slaty Flycatcher Empidonomus aurantioatrocristatus CSFL 5 Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus TRKI 2 Couch's Kingbird Tyrannus couchii COKI 2 Cassin's Kingbird Tyrannus vociferans CAKI 1 Thick-billed Kingbird Tyrannus crassirostris TBKI 2 Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis WEKI 1 Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus EAKI 1 Gray Kingbird Tyrannus dominicensis GRAK 2 Loggerhead Kingbird Tyrannus caudifasciatus LOKI 5 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus forficatus STFL 1 Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana FTFL 3 Tufted Flycatcher Mitrephanes phaeocercus TUFL 4 Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus cooperi OSFL 1 Greater Contopus pertinax GRPE 2 Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus WEWP 1 Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens EAWP 1 Cuban Pewee Contopus caribaeus CUPE 5 Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Empidonax flaviventris YBFL 1 Acadian Flycatcher Empidonax virescens ACFL 1 Alder Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum ALFL 1 Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii WIFL 1 Least Flycatcher Empidonax minimus LEFL 1 Hammond's Flycatcher Empidonax hammondii HAFL 1 Gray Flycatcher Empidonax wrightii GRFL 1 Dusky Flycatcher Empidonax oberholseri DUFL 1 Flycatcher Empidonax affinis PINF 5 Pacific-slope Flycatcher Empidonax difficilis PSFL 1 Cordilleran Flycatcher Empidonax occidentalis COFL 1 Buff-breasted Flycatcher Empidonax fulvifrons BBFL 2 Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans BLPH 1 Eastern Phoebe Sayornis phoebe EAPH 1 Say's Phoebe Sayornis saya SAPH 1 Vermilion Flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus VEFL 1 Shrikes (Laniidae) Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio RBSH 5 Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus BROS 4 Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus LOSH 1 Northern Shrike Lanius borealis NSHR 1

13 Vireos (Vireonidae) Black-capped Vireo Vireo atricapilla BCVI 2 White-eyed Vireo Vireo griseus WEVI 1 Thick-billed Vireo Vireo crassirostris TBVI 4 Cuban Vireo Vireo gundlachii CUVI 5 Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii BEVI 1 Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior GRVI 2 Hutton's Vireo Vireo huttoni HUVI 1 Yellow-throated Vireo Vireo flavifrons YTVI 1 Cassin's Vireo Vireo cassinii CAVI 1 Blue-headed Vireo Vireo solitarius BHVI 1 Plumbeous Vireo Vireo plumbeus PLVI 1 Philadelphia Vireo Vireo philadelphicus PHVI 1 Warbling Vireo Vireo gilvus WAVI 1 Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus REVI 1 Yellow-green Vireo Vireo flavoviridis YGVI 3 Black-whiskered Vireo Vireo altiloquus BWVI 2 Yucatan Vireo Vireo magister YUVI 5 Jays and Crows () Canada canadensis CAJA 1 Brown Jay Psilorhinus morio BRJA 4 Green Jay yncas GRJA 2 Pinyon Jay Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus PIJA 1 Steller's Jay stelleri STJA 1 Cyanocitta cristata BLJA 1 Florida Scrub-Jay coerulescens FLSJ 2 Island Scrub-Jay Aphelocoma insularis ISSJ 2 California Scrub-Jay Aphelocoma californica CASJ 1 Woodhouse's Scrub-Jay Aphelocoma woodhouseii WOSJ 1 Mexican Jay Aphelocoma wollweberi MEJA 2 Clark's Nucifraga columbiana CLNU 1 Black-billed hudsonia BBMA 1 Yellow-billed Magpie Pica nuttalli YBMA 2 Eurasian Jackdaw monedula EUJA 4 American Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos AMCR 1 Northwestern Crow Corvus caurinus NOCR 1 Crow Corvus imparatus TACR 4 Fish Crow Corvus ossifragus FICR 1 Hawaiian Crow Corvus hawaiiensis HCRO 6 Chihuahuan Raven Corvus cryptoleucus CHRA 1 Common Raven Corvus corax CORA 1 Monarch Flycatchers (Monarchidae) Elepaio Chasiempis sclateri KAEL 2 Elepaio Chasiempis ibidis OAEL 3 Elepaio Chasiempis sandwichensis HAEL 2 (Alaudidae) Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis EUSK 2 Horned Eremophila alpestris HOLA 1 (Hirundinidae) Bank Swallow riparia BANS 1 bicolor TRES 1 Tachycineta cyaneoviridis BAHS 4 Violet-green Swallow Tachycineta thalassina VGSW 1 Tachycineta albilinea MANS 5 Northern Rough-winged Swallow serripennis NRWS 1 Brown-chested Martin tapera BCMA 4

14 Progne subis PUMA 1 Cuban Martin Progne cryptoleuca CUMA 5 Gray-breasted Martin Progne chalybea GYBM 5 Progne elegans SOMA 5 Hirundo rustica BARS 1 Common House-Martin urbicum COHM 4 pyrrhonota CLSW 1 Petrochelidon fulva CASW 1 Chickadees and Titmice (Paridae) Carolina Chickadee Poecile carolinensis CACH 1 Black-capped Chickadee Poecile atricapillus BCCH 1 Mountain Chickadee Poecile gambeli MOCH 1 Mexican Chickadee Poecile sclateri MECH 2 Chestnut-backed Chickadee Poecile rufescens CBCH 1 Boreal Chickadee Poecile hudsonicus BOCH 1 Gray-headed Chickadee Poecile cinctus GHCH 3 Bridled Titmouse Baeolophus wollweberi BRTI 2 Titmouse Baeolophus inornatus OATI 1 Titmouse Baeolophus ridgwayi JUTI 1 Tufted Titmouse Baeolophus bicolor TUTI 1 Black-crested Titmouse Baeolophus atricristatus BCTI 2 Verdin (Remizidae) Verdin Auriparus flaviceps VERD 1 Bushtits () Bushtit Psaltriparus minimus BUSH 1 Nuthatches (Sittidae) Red-breasted Nuthatch Sitta canadensis RBNU 1 White-breasted Nuthatch Sitta carolinensis WBNU 1 Pygmy Nuthatch Sitta pygmaea PYNU 1 Brown-headed Nuthatch Sitta pusilla BHNU 1 Creepers (Certhiidae) Brown Creeper Certhia americana BRCR 1 (Troglodytidae) Rock Salpinctes obsoletus ROWR 1 Canyon Wren Catherpes mexicanus CANW 1 House Wren Troglodytes aedon HOWR 1 Pacific Wren Troglodytes pacificus PAWR 1 Winter Wren Troglodytes hiemalis WIWR 1 Sedge Wren Cistothorus platensis SEWR 1 Marsh Wren Cistothorus palustris MAWR 1 Thryothorus ludovicianus CARW 1 Bewick's Wren Thryomanes bewickii BEWR 1 Cactus Wren Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus CACW 1 Wren sinaloa SIWR 5 Gnatcatchers and Gnatwrens (Polioptilidae) Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Polioptila caerulea BGGN 1 California Gnatcatcher Polioptila californica CAGN 2 Black-tailed Gnatcatcher Polioptila melanura BTGN 1 Black-capped Gnatcatcher Polioptila nigriceps BCGN 3 Dippers (Cinclidae) American Dipper Cinclus mexicanus AMDI 1 Bulbuls (Pycnonotidae) Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer RVBU 2 Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus RWBU 2 Kinglets (Regulidae) Golden-crowned Kinglet Regulus satrapa GCKI 1

15 Ruby-crowned Kinglet Regulus calendula RCKI 1 Bush- () Japanese Bush- diphone JABW 2 Leaf Warblers (Phylloscopidae) Phylloscopus trochilus WILW 4 Phylloscopus collybita CCHI 4 Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix WOWA 4 Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus DUWA 4 Pallas's Phylloscopus proregulus PLEW 5 Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus YBWA 4 Phylloscopus borealis ARWA 2 Kamchatka Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus examinandus KLWA 4 Sylviid Warblers () Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca LEWH 5 Chamaea fasciata WREN 1 White-eyes (Zosteropidae) Japanese White-eye Zosterops japonicus JAWE 2 Laughingthrushes (Leiothrichidae) Greater Necklaced Laughingthrush Garrulax pectoralis GNLA 3 Hwamei Garrulax canorus HWAM 2 Red-billed Leiothrix Leiothrix lutea RBLE 2 Reed Warblers (Acrocephalidae) Thick-billed Warbler Arudinax aedon TBWA 5 Millerbird Acrocephalus familiaris MILL 3 Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus SEWA 5 Blyth's Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum BREW 5 Grassbirds () Middendorff's Grasshopper-Warbler Locustella ochotensis MIGW 4 River Warbler Locustella fluviatilis RIWA 5 Lanceolated Warbler Locustella lanceolata LANW 4 Old World Flycatchers (Muscicapidae) Gray-streaked Flycatcher Muscicapa griseisticta GSFL 4 Muscicapa dauurica ABFL 5 Muscicapa striata SPFL 5 Dark-sided Flycatcher Muscicapa sibirica DSFL 4 White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus WRSH 2 Erithacus rubecula EURO 5 cyane SBRO 5 Rufous-tailed Robin Larvivora sibilans RTRO 4 Cyanecula svecica BLUE 2 Calliope calliope SIRU 3 Red-flanked Bluetail Tarsiger cyanurus RFBL 4 Narcissus Flycatcher narcissina NAFL 5 Mugimaki Flycatcher Ficedula mugimaki MUFL 5 Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla TAFL 4 Phoenicurus phoenicurus CRET 5 Stonechat Saxicola torquatus STON 4 Oenanthe oenanthe NOWH 2 Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka PIWH 5 Thrushes (Turdidae) Eastern Sialia sialis EABL 1 Sialia mexicana WEBL 1 Sialia currucoides MOBL 1 Townsend's Solitaire Myadestes townsendi TOSO 1 Brown-backed Solitaire Myadestes occidentalis BBSO 5 Kamao Myadestes myadestinus KAMA 6

16 Amaui Myadestes woahensis AMAU 6 Olomao Myadestes lanaiensis OLOM 6 Omao Myadestes obscurus OMAO 2 Puaiohi Myadestes palmeri PUAI 3 Orange-billed Nightingale- Catharus aurantiirostris OBNT 5 Black-headed Nightingale-Thrush Catharus mexicanus BHNT 5 Veery Catharus fuscescens VEER 1 Gray-cheeked Thrush Catharus minimus GCTH 1 Bicknell's Thrush Catharus bicknelli BITH 2 Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus SWTH 1 Hermit Thrush Catharus guttatus HETH 1 Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina WOTH 1 Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus MITH 5 Eurasian Blackbird Turdus merula EUBB 5 Eyebrowed Thrush Turdus obscurus EYTH 3 Dusky Thrush Turdus naumanni DUTH 4 Turdus pilaris FIEL 4 Redwing Turdus iliacus REDW 4 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos SOTH 5 Clay-colored Thrush Turdus grayi CCTH 2 White-throated Thrush Turdus assimilis WTTH 4 Rufous-backed Robin Turdus rufopalliatus RBRO 3 Turdus migratorius AMRO 1 Red-legged Thrush Turdus plumbeus RLTH 5 Varied Thrush Ixoreus naevius VATH 1 Aztec Thrush Ridgwayia pinicola AZTH 4 Mockingbirds and Thrashers (Mimidae) Blue Mockingbird Melanotis caerulescens BLMO 5 Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis GRCA 1 Curve-billed Thrasher Toxostoma curvirostre CBTH 1 Brown Thrasher Toxostoma rufum BRTH 1 Long-billed Thrasher Toxostoma longirostre LBTH 2 Bendire's Thrasher Toxostoma bendirei BETH 2 California Thrasher Toxostoma redivivum CATH 2 LeConte's Thrasher Toxostoma lecontei LCTH 2 Crissal Thrasher Toxostoma crissale CRTH 2 Sage Thrasher Oreoscoptes montanus SATH 1 Bahama Mockingbird Mimus gundlachii BAMO 4 Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos NOMO 1 Starlings (Sturnidae) European Starling Sturnus vulgaris EUST 1 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis COMY 2 (Bombycillidae) Bohemian Bombycilla BOWA 2 Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum CEDW 1 Hawaiian Mohos () Kauai Oo braccatus KAOO 6 Oahu Oo Moho apicalis OAOO 6 Bishop's Oo Moho bishopi BIOO 6 Hawaii Oo Moho nobilis HAOO 6 Chaetoptila angustipluma KIOE 6 Silky-flycatchers (Ptiliogonatidae) Gray Silky-flycatcher Ptiliogonys cinereus GRSF 5 Phainopepla Phainopepla nitens PHAI 1 Olive Warblers (Peucedramidae) Peucedramus taeniatus OLWA 2

17 Accentors (Prunellidae) Siberian Accentor Prunella montanella SIAC 4 Waxbills (Estrildidae) Common Waxbill Estrilda astrild COMW 2 Red Avadavat Amandava amandava REAV 2 African Silverbill Euodice cantans AFSI 2 Java Sparrow Lonchura oryzivora JASP 2 Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata SBMU 2 Chestnut Munia Lonchura atricapilla CHMU 2 Old World Sparrows (Passeridae) House Sparrow Passer domesticus HOSP 1 Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus ETSP 2 Wagtails and Pipits (Motacillidae) Eastern Yellow Wagtail Motacilla tschutschensis EYWA 2 Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola CIWA 5 Gray Wagtail Motacilla cinerea GRAW 4 White Wagtail Motacilla alba WHWA 3 Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis TRPI 4 Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni OBPI 3 Pechora Pipit Anthus gustavi PEPI 4 Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus RTPI 3 American Pipit Anthus rubescens AMPI 1 Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii SPPI 2 Fringilline and Cardueline and Allies (Fringillidae) Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs CCHA 4 Brambling Fringilla montifringilla BRAM 3 Evening Grosbeak Coccothraustes vespertinus EVGR 1 Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes HAWF 4 Common Carpodacus erythrinus CORO 4 Pallas's Rosefinch Carpodacus roseus PARO 5 Poo-uli Melamprosops phaeosoma POUL 6 Akikiki Oreomystis bairdi AKIK 3 Oahu Alauahio Paroreomyza maculata OAAL 6 Kakawahie Paroreomyza flammea KAKA 6 Maui Alauahio Paroreomyza montana MAAL 2 Palila Loxioides bailleui PALI 3 Laysan Telespiza cantans LAFI 3 Nihoa Finch Telespiza ultima NIFI 3 Kona Grosbeak Chloridops kona KOGR 6 Lesser Koa-Finch Rhodacanthis flaviceps LEKF 6 Greater Koa-Finch Rhodacanthis palmeri GRKF 6 Ula-ai-hawane Ciridops anna UAIH 6 Akohekohe Palmeria dolei AKOH 3 Himatione fraithii LAYH 6 Apapane Himatione sanguinea APAP 2 Iiwi Drepanis coccinea IIWI 2 Hawaii Mamo Drepanis pacifica HAMA 6 Black Mamo Drepanis funerea BLMA 6 Ou Psittirostra psittacea OU 6 Lanai Hookbill Dysmorodrepanis munroi LANH 6 Maui Parrotbill Pseudonestor xanthophrys MAPA 3 Kauai Nukupuu Hemignathus hanapepe KANU 6 Oahu Nukupuu Hemignathus lucidus OANU 6 Maui Nukupuu Hemignathus affinis MANU 6 Akiapolaau Hemignathus wilsoni AKIA 3 Lesser Akialoa Akialoa obscura LEAK 6

18 Kauai Akialoa Akialoa stejnegeri KAAK 6 Oahu Akialoa Akialoa ellisiana OAKI 6 Maui-nui Akialoa Akialoa lanaiensis MNAK 6 Anianiau Magumma parva ANIA 2 Hawaii Amakihi Chlorodrepanis virens HAAM 2 Oahu Amakihi Chlorodrepanis flava OAAM 2 Kauai Amakihi Chlorodrepanis stejnegeri KAAM 2 Greater Amakihi Viridonia sagittirostris GRAM 6 Hawaii Creeper Loxops mana HCRE 3 Akekee Loxops caeruleirostris AKEK 3 Oahu Akepa Loxops wolstenholmei OAKE 6 Maui Akepa Loxops ochraceus MAAK 6 Hawaii Akepa Loxops coccineus HAAK 3 Pine Grosbeak Pinicola enucleator PIGR 1 Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula EUBU 4 Asian Rosy-Finch Leucosticte arctoa ASRF 5 Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch Leucosticte tephrocotis GCRF 1 Black Rosy-Finch Leucosticte atrata BLRF 2 Brown-capped Rosy-Finch Leucosticte australis BCRF 2 Haemorhous mexicanus HOFI 1 Purple Finch Haemorhous purpureus PUFI 1 Cassin's Finch Haemorhous cassinii CAFI 1 Oriental Greenfinch Chloris sinica ORGR 4 Yellow-fronted Canary Crithagra mozambica YFCA 2 Common Redpoll Acanthis flammea CORE 1 Hoary Redpoll Acanthis hornemanni HORE 2 Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra RECR 1 Cassia Crossbill Loxia sinesciuris CACR 2 White-winged Crossbill Loxia leucoptera WWCR 2 Eurasian Siskin Spinus spinus EUSI 5 Pine Siskin Spinus pinus PISI 1 Lesser Goldfinch Spinus psaltria LEGO 1 Lawrence's Goldfinch Spinus lawrencei LAGO 2 American Goldfinch Spinus tristis AMGO 1 Island Canary Serinus canaria ISCA 3 Longspurs and Snow Buntings (Calcariidae) Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus LALO 1 Chestnut-collared Longspur Calcarius ornatus CCLO 1 Smith's Longspur Calcarius pictus SMLO 2 McCown's Longspur Rhynchophanes mccownii MCLO 2 Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis SNBU 1 McKay's Bunting Plectrophenax hyperboreus MKBU 3 Emberizids (Emberizidae) Pine Bunting Emberiza leucocephalos PIBU 5 Yellow-browed Bunting Emberiza chrysophrys YBWB 5 Little Bunting Emberiza pusilla LIBU 4 Rustic Bunting Emberiza rustica RUBU 3 Yellow-throated Bunting Emberiza elegans YTBU 5 Yellow-breasted Bunting Emberiza aureola YBSB 4 Gray Bunting Emberiza variabilis GRBU 5 Pallas's Bunting Emberiza pallasi PALB 4 Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus REBU 4 Towhees and Sparrows (Passerellidae) Rufous-winged Sparrow Peucaea carpalis RWSP 2 Botteri's Sparrow Peucaea botterii BOSP 2 Cassin's Sparrow Peucaea cassinii CASP 1

19 Bachman's Sparrow Peucaea aestivalis BACS 1 Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus savannarum GRSP 1 Olive Sparrow Arremonops rufivirgatus OLSP 2 Five-striped Sparrow Amphispiza quinquestriata FSSP 3 Black-throated Sparrow Amphispiza bilineata BTSP 1 Lark Sparrow Chondestes grammacus LASP 1 Lark Bunting Calamospiza melanocorys LARB 1 Chipping Sparrow Spizella passerina CHSP 1 Clay-colored Sparrow Spizella pallida CCSP 1 Black-chinned Sparrow Spizella atrogularis BCSP 1 Field Sparrow Spizella pusilla FISP 1 Brewer's Sparrow Spizella breweri BRSP 1 Worthen's Sparrow Spizella wortheni WOSP 5 Fox Sparrow Passerella iliaca FOSP 1 Spizelloides arborea ATSP 1 Dark-eyed Junco Junco hyemalis DEJU 1 Yellow-eyed Junco Junco phaeonotus YEJU 2 White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys WCSP 1 Golden-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia atricapilla GCSP 1 Harris's Sparrow Zonotrichia querula HASP 1 White-throated Sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis WTSP 1 Sagebrush Sparrow Artemisiospiza nevadensis SABS 1 Bell's Sparrow Artemisiospiza belli BESP 1 Vesper Sparrow Pooecetes gramineus VESP 1 LeConte's Sparrow Ammospiza leconteii LCSP 1 Seaside Sparrow Ammospiza maritima SESP 1 Nelson's Sparrow Ammospiza nelsoni NESP 1 Saltmarsh Sparrow Ammospiza caudacuta SALS 1 Baird's Sparrow Centronyx bairdii BAIS 2 Henslow's Sparrow Centronyx henslowii HESP 2 Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis SAVS 1 Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia SOSP 1 Lincoln's Sparrow Melospiza lincolnii LISP 1 Swamp Sparrow Melospiza georgiana SWSP 1 Canyon Towhee Melozone fusca CANT 1 Abert's Towhee Melozone aberti ABTO 1 California Towhee Melozone crissalis CALT 1 Rufous-crowned Sparrow Aimophila ruficeps RCSP 1 Green-tailed Towhee Pipilo chlorurus GTTO 1 Spotted Towhee Pipilo maculatus SPTO 1 Eastern Towhee Pipilo erythrophthalmus EATO 1 Spindalises (Spindalidae) Western Spindalis Spindalis zena WESP 3 Yellow-breasted Chats (Icteriidae) Yellow-breasted Icteria virens YBCH 1 Blackbirds (Icteridae) Yellow-headed Blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus YHBL 1 Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus BOBO 1 Eastern Meadowlark Sturnella magna EAME 1 Western Meadowlark Sturnella neglecta WEME 1 Black-vented Oriole Icterus wagleri BVOR 4 Orchard Oriole Icterus spurius OROR 1 Hooded Oriole Icterus cucullatus HOOR 1 Streak-backed Oriole Icterus pustulatus SBAO 4 Bullock's Oriole Icterus bullockii BUOR 1 Spot-breasted Oriole Icterus pectoralis SBOR 2

20 Altamira Oriole Icterus gularis ALOR 2 Audubon's Oriole Icterus graduacauda AUOR 2 Baltimore Oriole Icterus galbula BAOR 1 Black-backed Oriole Icterus abeillei BBOR 5 Scott's Oriole Icterus parisorum SCOR 1 Red-winged Blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus RWBL 1 Tricolored Blackbird Agelaius tricolor TRBL 2 Tawny-shouldered Blackbird Agelaius humeralis TSBL 5 Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis SHCO 3 Bronzed Cowbird Molothrus aeneus BROC 1 Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater BHCO 1 Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus RUBL 1 Brewer's Blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus BRBL 1 Common Grackle Quiscalus quiscula COGR 1 Boat-tailed Grackle Quiscalus major BTGR 1 Great-tailed Grackle Quiscalus mexicanus GTGR 1 Wood-Warblers (Parulidae) Ovenbird Seiurus aurocapilla OVEN 1 Worm-eating Warbler Helmitheros vermivorum WEWA 1 Louisiana Waterthrush Parkesia motacilla LOWA 1 Northern Waterthrush Parkesia noveboracensis NOWA 1 Bachman's Warbler Vermivora bachmanii BAWA 6 Golden-winged Warbler Vermivora chrysoptera GWWA 2 Blue-winged Warbler Vermivora cyanoptera BWWA 1 Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia BAWW 1 Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea PROW 1 Swainson's Warbler Limnothlypis swainsonii SWWA 2 Crescent-chested Warbler Oreothlypis superciliosa CCWA 4 Tennessee Warbler Leiothlypis peregrina TEWA 1 Orange-crowned Warbler Leiothlypis celata OCWA 1 Colima Warbler Leiothlypis crissalis COLW 2 Lucy's Warbler Leiothlypis luciae LUWA 1 Nashville Warbler Leiothlypis ruficapilla NAWA 1 Virginia's Warbler Leiothlypis virginiae VIWA 1 Connecticut Warbler Oporornis agilis CONW 2 Gray-crowned Yellowthroat Geothlypis poliocephala GCYE 4 MacGillivray's Warbler Geothlypis tolmiei MGWA 1 Mourning Warbler Geothlypis philadelphia MOWA 1 Kentucky Warbler Geothlypis formosa KEWA 1 Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas COYE 1 Hooded Warbler citrina HOWA 1 American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla AMRE 1 Kirtland's Warbler Setophaga kirtlandii KIWA 2 Cape May Warbler Setophaga tigrina CMWA 1 Cerulean Warbler Setophaga cerulea CERW 2 Northern Parula Setophaga americana NOPA 1 Tropical Parula Setophaga pitiayumi TRPA 3 Magnolia Warbler Setophaga magnolia MAWA 1 Bay-breasted Warbler Setophaga castanea BBWA 1 Blackburnian Warbler Setophaga fusca BLBW 1 Yellow Warbler Setophaga petechia YEWA 1 Chestnut-sided Warbler Setophaga pensylvanica CSWA 1 Blackpoll Warbler Setophaga striata BLPW 1 Black-throated Blue Warbler Setophaga caerulescens BTBW 1 Palm Warbler Setophaga palmarum PAWA 1 Pine Warbler Setophaga pinus PIWA 1

21 Yellow-rumped Warbler Setophaga coronata YRWA 1 Yellow-throated Warbler Setophaga dominica YTWA 1 Prairie Warbler Setophaga discolor PRAW 1 Grace's Warbler Setophaga graciae GRWA 1 Black-throated Gray Warbler Setophaga nigrescens BTYW 1 Townsend's Warbler Setophaga townsendi TOWA 1 Hermit Warbler Setophaga occidentalis HEWA 1 Golden-cheeked Warbler Setophaga chrysoparia GCWA 2 Black-throated Green Warbler Setophaga virens BTNW 1 Fan-tailed Warbler Basileuterus lachrymosus FTWA 4 Rufous-capped Warbler Basileuterus rufifrons RCWA 3 Golden-crowned Warbler Basileuterus culicivorus GCRW 4 Canada Warbler Cardellina canadensis CAWA 1 Wilson's Warbler Cardellina pusilla WIWA 1 Red-faced Warbler Cardellina rubrifrons RFWA 2 Painted Redstart Myioborus pictus PARE 2 Slate-throated Redstart Myioborus miniatus STRE 4 Cardinals, Piranga and Allies (Cardinalidae) Hepatic Piranga flava HETA 2 Summer Tanager Piranga rubra SUTA 1 Scarlet Tanager Piranga olivacea SCTA 1 Western Tanager Piranga ludoviciana WETA 1 Flame-colored Tanager Piranga bidentata FCTA 3 Crimson-collared Grosbeak Rhodothraupis celaeno CCGR 4 Cardinalis cardinalis NOCA 1 Pyrrhuloxia Cardinalis sinuatus PYRR 1 Yellow Grosbeak Pheucticus chrysopeplus YEGR 4 Rose-breasted Grosbeak Pheucticus ludovicianus RBGR 1 Black-headed Grosbeak Pheucticus melanocephalus BHGR 1 Blue Bunting Cyanocompsa parellina BLBU 4 Blue Grosbeak Passerina caerulea BLGR 1 Lazuli Bunting Passerina amoena LAZB 1 Indigo Bunting Passerina cyanea INBU 1 Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor VABU 2 Painted Bunting Passerina ciris PABU 1 Dickcissel Spiza americana DICK 1 Tanagers and Allies (Thraupidae) Red-crested Cardinal Paroaria coronata RCCA 2 Yellow-billed Cardinal Paroaria capitata YBCA 2 Saffron Finch Sicalis flaveola SAFI 2 Red-legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes cyaneus RLHO 5 Bananaquit Coereba flaveola BANA 4 Yellow-faced Grassquit Tiaris olivaceus YFGR 3 Black-faced Grassquit Melanospiza bicolor BFGR 4 Morelet's Seedeater Sporophila morelleti MOSE 3

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