2013 STATEWIDE TRAILS INVENTORY REPORT

Grand Teton National Park, “Hiker on Apex Trail,” photo by Finch

ATV Trail Riders, photo by Kim Raap, Trail Work Consulting

Prepared for the State of Wyoming, Department of State Parks and Cultural Resources

by: Amy M. Nagler, Christopher T. Bastian, David T. Taylor, and Thomas K. Foulke Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics University of Wyoming

July 2013

Table of Contents

2013 Wyoming Trails Inventory ...... 1 Procedures ...... 1 A Working Trail Definition ...... 1 Trail Data and Information Collected ...... 2 Results ...... 4 Number of Trails by Agency ...... 5 Length of Trails...... 8 Trail Setting ...... 9 Trail Use, Access, and Restrictions ...... 11 Trail Surface...... 14 Trail Location...... 15 Individual Trail Characteristics and Information ...... 17 Summary and Discussion ...... 18 Areas of Change 1998-2013 ...... 20 Estimating Economic Impacts ...... 21 Works Cited ...... 22 Appendix A ...... 24 1998 Wyoming State Trail Inventory Data Sheet ...... 24

2013 Wyoming State Trails Inventory Data Sheet ...... 25

Appendix B ...... 26 Agencies Contacted for the 2013 Wyoming Trails Inventory ...... 26 List of Tables

Table 1. Number and miles of trails in Wyoming by administering agency ...... 5 Table 2. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by length ...... 8 Table 3. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by setting ...... 10 Table 4. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by seasonal use ...... 12 Table 5. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by designated uses ...... 13 Table 6. Number and miles of Wyoming trails: Access and restrictions ...... 14 Table 7. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by trail surface ...... 15 Table 8. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by county location ...... 16 Table 9. Individual trail information included in 2013 inventory ...... 17

WYOMING’S RECREATIONAL TRAILS

Many opportunities for trail recreation exist in Wyoming due, in large part, to the vast amount of public land in the state. Wyoming ranks 5th in the US with 55 percent of total land area owned by state and federal agencies (NRCM n.d.). Nearly every agency administering public lands in the state manages and maintains public trails for motorized and non-motorized recreational use. Snowmobile and off-road vehicle trails are maintained for year-round motorized use. Many municipal and county agencies also maintain trail and pathway systems for non-motorized recreation and transportation. From groomed snowmobile trails to backcountry tracks, Wyoming is home to over 10,000 miles of routes managed for all-terrain vehicle (ATV), off-road motorcycle riding, snowmobiling, hiking, skiing, snowshoeing, biking, and horseback riding.

2013 WYOMING TRAILS INVENTORY

Procedures The 2013 inventory of Wyoming trails was planned and conducted as an update and extension of the 1998 Wyoming Statewide Trails Inventory (Pindell et al. 1999). Basic procedures and methods for data collection for the 2013 inventory were modified from this original project.

Following the 1998 database, additional and updated trail descriptions were acquired via email, telephone, internet resources, and personal interviews with officials from federal, state, and local agencies and private organizations potentially administering trails in Wyoming. Agencies were contacted between March 2012 and March 2013. A complete list of all agencies, districts, or divisions contacted along with contact information is included in Appendix B to this report. Descriptions for each trail were recorded in a Microsoft Access database using a standard data entry form modified from the 1998 inventory data sheet. Both forms are attached in Appendix A to this report.

A Working Trail Definition The United States Forest Service defines a trail as “a route 50 inches or less in width or a route over 50 inches wide that is identified and managed as a trail” (USFS 2007) and clarifies “trails provide public access for opportunities of outdoor recreation as well as access to many significant prehistoric and historic sites.” The Bureau of Land Management defines a trail as “a

1 linear route managed for human-powered, stock, or off-highway vehicle forms of transportation or for historical or heritage values” (BLM 2006).

For the purposes of this inventory we include routes, trails, walkways, and pathways with public access and that also indicate some purposeful planning and maintenance intended, managed, or designated for motorized and/or non-motorized recreational use. Motorized trails in Wyoming are managed and used for snowmobiling on groomed and ungroomed trails, ATV riding, and off-road motorcycle riding. Non-motorized trails in Wyoming are managed and used for a diversity of activities including hiking, bicycling, horseback riding, skiing, and snowshoeing, giving users access to everything from city green spaces to remote wilderness areas.

Trail Data and Information Collected In order to identify and describe each trail, information gathered on trail characteristics, location, administration, and usage accompanies each trail listing. In particular, the following information was collected, where available, from administering agencies:

Administering Agency. The administration level (municipal, county, federal, state, or private), agency or organization, and the unit or division within each agency or organization administering each trail is listed. Contact information is also listed (see Appendix B for a listing of all agencies contacted).

Trail Identification and Status. Each trail is assigned a unique inventory ID. The inventory ID number along with the trail name and any other ID used by the administering agency are used to identify each trail. A description of the start and end point landmarks is included for each trail.

Whether a trail was new to the database or information was updated from the 1998 listings is indicated. Categories are included to clarify updates from the 1998 listing, indicating trails that had been decommissioned or re-designated, as well as 1998 trail listings replaced by a new listing.

Trail Systems. Trail system names listed indicate trails that are part of a larger group. Connecting trails are named when this information is available for listed trails that are part of interconnected trail systems.

2 Trail Location. In addition to start and end landmark descriptions, trail location information collected includes the nearest town, county, as well as township, range, and section numbers and cardinal directions where these were available. Driving directions to the trailhead are included for trails where this information is appropriate and available.

Trail Maps. Available maps of the trail area were listed with categories for agency maps, 1:24,000-scale (7.5-minute quadrangle) USGS topographic maps, 1:100,000-scale Bureau of Land Management edition maps, as well as links to area maps available from internet sources where appropriate. In addition, many smaller scale agency trail maps are included in the 2013 database as attached PDF files.

Trail Characteristics. The length of each trail in miles for each listed trail is recorded. Low and high elevation along the trail, trail setting (urban or rural, natural/roaded or primitive/roadless— following the 1998 inventory categories), and seasonal use and closures are also recorded. Handicap accessibility designation is recorded for each trail. Grizzly, avalanche, general, and winter hazard notes are collected where appropriate and available.

A general descriptor of the trail surface is recorded (for example, natural, paved, old roadbed, boardwalk, etc.) as well as use-specific characteristics for snowmobiling, skiing, and biking, where applicable (groomed or ungroomed snowmobile or ski trail; paved or unpaved bike trail, for example).

Miscellaneous notes regarding the trail surface are also recorded when available. Data collected listing the management level of trails in 1998 is incorporated into these notes along with USFS trail class levels (USFS 2008).

The use or uses each trail is designated or managed for are listed. Motorized use categories listed include ATV/off-road motorcycle, and snowmobiling. Non-motorized use categories include pedestrian (walking, running, day hiking), backpacking, equestrian, biking, cross-country skiing, and snowshoeing. Notes regarding official use restrictions or further descriptions are reported where available.

Trail Management and Amenities. Cooperating or partnering agencies including private organizations assisting in trail management or maintenance (local groups providing cross- country ski trail grooming, for example, or trails coordinated by local mountain bike groups

3 crossing multiple agency lands) are listed where applicable. Descriptions of trailhead and trail amenities, such as parking, restroom facilities, interpretive signs, are recorded where available.

Trail Usage. Estimated level of use is reported where this information was available; however, most agencies did not gather and were not able to provide this type of information.

Information Sources, Links, and Notes. The source of information used to update, add to, or amend the 1998 inventory is listed for each trail. Links to internet sites with trail information are included for some trails. Each trail datasheet also included space for additional notes regarding trail information not recorded elsewhere (see Appendix A for datasheet categories).

Results Due to limitations on timely, available information, as well as trail maintenance or construction, decommissioning, and changes in management, no listing can be perfectly accurate; however, every effort was made to make the 2013 inventory as complete as possible. The number and type of variables collected describing each trail varied depending on Lake Owen Wetland Trail Medicine Bow-Routt National Forest information available from each Photo by Steve Kozlowski agency providing information. The inventory includes the best information available at the time it was collected and represents a comprehensive description of trails in Wyoming in 2012/2013. A total of 2,160 trails in Wyoming identified by federal, state, and local agencies and private organizations are described in the 2013 Wyoming trails inventory totaling 10,472 miles.

4 Number of Trails by Agency The majority of trails in Wyoming, accounting for 65 percent of trails and 73 percent of all trail miles, are administered by the US Forest Service (Table 1). Four forests—Shoshone, Bridger- Teton, Bighorn, and Medicine Bow-Routt National Forests—are headquartered and primarily located in Wyoming with portions of , Uinta-Wasatch-Cache, and Caribou-Targhee National Forests also located in the state. Twenty-six Ranger Districts administer trails in the state under these seven Forests.

The National Park Service (NPS) is the second largest trail administrator in Wyoming, listing 13 percent of trails and14 percent of trail miles (Table 1). Six NPS agencies (containing 12 district offices) administer trails in Wyoming including two National Parks (Yellowstone and ), two National Monuments ( and Fossil Butte), Bighorn Canyon , and Fort Laramie National Historic Site.

Table 1. Number and miles of trails in Wyoming by administering agency

Administering Agency Number of trails Percent of total Miles of trails Percent of total

Federal 1,755 81.2% 9,605 miles 91.8% US Forest Service 1,399 64.8% 7,610 miles 72.7% National Park Service 284 13.1% 1,474 miles 14.1% Bureau of Land Management 71 3.3% 520 miles 5.0% US Fish and Wildlife service 1 0.0% 1 mile 0.0%

Wind River Indian Reservation 39 1.8% 131 miles 1.3% State 244 11.3% 127 miles 1.2% Wyoming State Parks, Historic 236 10.9% 115 miles 1.1% Sites and Trails Wyoming Game and Fish 5 0.2% 6 miles 0.1% Wyoming Department of 3 0.1% 6 miles 0.1% Transportation

Local 111 5.1% 495 miles 4.7% Municipal agencies 86 4.0% 393 miles 3.8% County agencies 25 1.2% 102 miles 1.0%

Private 11 0.5% 112 miles 1.1%

All Wyoming Agencies 2,160 trails 100% 10,472 miles 100%

5 The Bureau of Land Management administers 17.5 million acres of public lands in Wyoming (BLM 2013) under three Districts with nine Field Offices. BLM listings total 3 percent of trails and 5 percent of total trail miles managed for motorized and non-motorized use in Wyoming (Table 1).

The Wind River Indian Reservation administers public trails and pathways through two agencies, the Tribal Fish and Game and the Joint Transportation Department. Together these agencies list 2 percent of trails and 1 percent of trail miles administered in Wyoming. The US Fish and Wildlife Service lists one trail. Combined, federal agencies manage 92 percent of total trail miles in Wyoming. Federal agencies’ contributions to the total number of trails and trail miles in Wyoming are reported in Table 1.

State agencies, including the Wyoming State Parks, Historic Sites and Trails, Wyoming Game and Fish, and the Wyoming Department of Transportation administer 11 percent of trails and 1 percent of trail miles in Wyoming (Table 1). The majority of these (236 trails with 115 trail miles) are located in 19 State Parks and Historic Sites administered by Wyoming State Parks, Historic Sites and Trails (Table 1).

Local county and municipal agencies list 495 miles of trails which account for 5 percent of both trails and trail miles listed. Nine counties manage trails under 10 county agencies; 33 incorporated cities and towns manage trails under 35 municipal agencies. In addition to public agencies, a variety of private groups and organizations in Wyoming manage 112 miles or 1 percent of total trail miles in Wyoming. (See Table 1.)

Comparing the 2013 inventory to the 1998 Wyoming Statewide Trails Inventory (Pindell et al. 1999) reveals an overall increase in the number of both trails and trail miles listed and described—from 1,361 trails described totaling 8,176 trail miles in the 1998 report to 2,160 trails totaling 10,472 trail miles in the 2013 listing. The additional 800 or so trails listed are in some instances due to differences in available trail information and information gathering, for example, due to changes in USFS databases since 1998 (Glaspell 2012). Additional agencies were contacted to request trail information in 2012-2013 and expanded internet resources were available from many agencies managing trails in Wyoming. However, areas with significant changes in administered trails are evident as well. Notwithstanding database changes, Forest Service districts report trail additions, extensions, and reclassification (Farris 2012). District

6 BLM offices and websites list many new trails, constructed or introduced as official, managed routes since 1998 (Rau 2012), accounting for a significant portion of an additional 44 trails included in the 2013 inventory from Wyoming BLM field offices.

Although they account for a smaller proportion of total trails and trail miles in Wyoming, the greatest changes from 1998 to the 2013 trail inventory are in state and local agency listings. While some of the increase in the trail inventory managed by Wyoming State Parks, Historic Sites and Trails may be due to incomplete reporting in 1998, recent trail building projects in and more recently in Glendo State Park have contributed to an increase in listed trails from 42 trail miles listed in 1998 to 115 trail miles in the 2013 inventory (Table 1). Thirty-four municipal and ten county agencies are listed as administering 495 trail miles in Wyoming in the 2013 inventory (Table 1). Compared to the 101 trail miles listed as locally administered in 1998 this indicates an increase of nearly 400 trail miles reported.

In addition to more county and municipal agencies listing trails, the 2013 Wyoming trail inventory includes listings from several federal and state agencies as well as private organizations which were not represented in 1998. The US Fish and Wildlife Service maintain a limited number of recreational trails associated with National Wildlife Refuges in the state (see Table 1). At the state level, the Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT) and the Wyoming Game and Fish Department administer several trails and are new to the inventory. Whereas WYDOT commonly coordinates with local municipal and county entities to plan and construct trails and pathways then turns over administration and maintenance to the local agency (Hauffe 2013), a few pathways are maintained by the state for a variety of circumstances. The Wyoming Game and Fish Department maintains a limited number of trails associated with Wildlife Habitat Management Areas throughout the state. Two agencies associated with the Wind River Indian Reservation, the Joint Tribes Transportation Department and the Tribal Fish and Game, are also new to the inventory and administer trails in Wyoming.

Non-governmental and private organizations managing, administering, and/or maintaining trails in Wyoming represented in the 2013 inventory include special use groups (for example, Nordic ski associations maintaining trails for public use not listed by the Forest Service or other public agency), as well as local civic and conservancy groups (Rotary and Lions clubs; The Sheridan County Land Trust), and national trail advocacy groups (Rails-to-Trails

7 Conservancy). All but the Rails-to-Trails Conservancy and the Sundance Rotary Club are new to the inventory.1

Length of Trails The length of each trail described in miles was recorded for all listed trails. Trail segment lengths are arbitrary estimates in the case of systems of interconnected trails. Agency definitions of trail segments sometimes included specific features such as a pedestrian overpass or bridge, making the count of trails as well as trail length inaccurate. Aggregating these arbitrary trail segments was beyond the scope of the inventory, therefore the total miles of trails is often a better measure of trails on the ground than the number of trails reported by an agency, a region, or for the state.

Recorded trail lengths in the 2013 inventory ranged from 0.01 mile to 99 miles with a mean length of 4.8 miles and a median of 3 miles. Length categories (Table 2) indicate that the majority of Wyoming trails are 3 miles or less. In general, trails administered by federal agencies in Wyoming were longer, averaging 5.4 miles, while state-administered trails were less than a mile long on average.

Table 2. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by length Length category Number of trails Percent of total Miles of trails Percent of total 3 miles or less 1,126 52.1% 1,423 miles 13.6% 3.1 to 5 miles 376 17.4% 1,534 miles 14.7% 5.1 to 10 miles 405 18.8% 2,862 miles 27.3% 10.1 miles or longer 253 11.7% 4,653 miles 44.4%

Total 2,160 trails 100% 10,472 miles 100%

Trail lengths reported for individual trails by administrative agencies in the 2013 inventory varied somewhat from the 1998 inventory listings. Many agencies have developed GIS shapefiles for their trail systems which may more accurately record lengths. Also, in cases where no agency length information was available, miles could easily and accurately be estimated for the 2013 inventory using Google Earth path measurements. For example, all trail lengths were

1 Private organizations managing trails are listed for several reasons: 1) this follows the methods used in the 1998 inventory, 2) the 2013 inventory used management as a standard for the agency or organization listed. In most cases partnering agencies or organizations are listed under the state, federal, municipal, or county agency. However, in some instances private organizations manage trails in the state which are not accounted for by public agencies. No trail was double listed.

8 estimated this way for the Wind River Roadless Area Backcountry Trail System as well as many municipal trails and pathways.

Systems of connected trails are named in inventoried trail descriptions where this information was available. Wyoming is home to several national, regional, and state trails that cross multiple agency jurisdictions. The 270-mile long Continental Divide Snowmobile Trail (CDST) follows the from Lander to West Yellowstone, and is listed as parts of snowmobile trail systems in Lander, Pinedale, Dubois, Togwotee Pass, and Gros Ventre areas (Wyoming Office of Tourism 2013). National Recreation Trails (NRTs), for example, were designated as such under the National Trail System Act of 1968 to recognize “exemplary trails of local and regional significance” (American Trails 2013b). Fourteen recognized National Recreation trails are located in Wyoming, including the 75-mile long NRT, administered by the Big Piney and Greys River Ranger Districts in Bridger-Teton National Forest (NRT 2013). National Scenic Trails, designated by Congress under the Act of 1968, include three long distance north-south routes from Mexico to Canada (American Trails 2013a). The longest of these, the Continental Divide National Scenic Trail, crosses Wyoming, with segments administered by Yellowstone National Park; Bridger-Teton, Shoshone, and Medicine Bow National Forests; and Rawlins and Lander BLM Field Offices, as well as segments of private lands and roadways.

Trail Setting Descriptions gathered from administering agencies included categories describing the setting of each trail. Trails were described as either urban (municipal bike pathways, for example) or rural. Rural trails were further categorized based on whether they crossed roaded or “natural” areas or “primitive” areas such as Forest Service or National Park wilderness, BLM wilderness study areas, or other designated area. In most cases trails crossing through both natural and primitive areas were classified as primitive.

One hundred and twenty-five urban trails and pathways in Wyoming accounted for 6 percent of listed trails and 4 percent of total trail miles. The majority of trails and trail miles in Wyoming are located in rural settings (Table 3). Of these, 610 trails are located in areas designated as primitive or wilderness.

9 Compared to the 1998 inventory, in the 2013 inventory an additional 96 urban trails and pathways totaling 368 miles are listed, increasing trails in an urban setting from 2 percent of total trails (0.5 percent of trail miles) to 6 percent of trails (4 percent of trail miles). Trails listed in designated “primitive” settings increased in number compared to 1998 listings but remained at about one-third of total trails and trail miles. The largest new trail system listing in a roadless setting includes 33 trails totaling 123 miles administered by the Wind River Indian Reservation Tribal Fish and Game located within the Wind River Roadless Area. It is interesting to note that this area was protected as a roadless area by the Wind River tribes and US Congress in 1934, thirty years before the Wilderness Act of 1964 (Aragon 2007).

Table 3. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by setting Setting Category Number of trails Percent of total Miles of trails Percent of total Urban 125 5.8% 414 miles 4.0%

Rural 2,035 94.2% 10,058 miles 96.0% Natural (roaded) 1,425 70.0% 6,403 miles 63.7% Primitive (roadless) 610 30.0% 4,069 miles 36.3% 100% 100%

Total 2,160 trails 100% 10,472 miles 100%

10 Trail Use, Access, and Restrictions Most trails in Wyoming are open for recreational use throughout the year: 77 percent of listed trails and 68 percent of trail miles are open for recreational use in all seasons (Table 4). Seasonal closures for wildlife habitat limit access on some trails in the spring or fall. Limited access due to winter road closures also restrict seasonal use of some Wyoming trails to summer and fall use.

Winter trail routes and names often differ from summer trails, therefore trails designated for specific winter recreation uses are sometimes listed separately by agencies reporting these trails2. Winter and winter-spring snow trails with no corresponding summer route account for 10 percent of Wyoming trails with 20 percent of total trail miles (Table 4). These trails include groomed and un-groomed snowmobile and cross-country ski trails and snowshoe trails which may follow un-plowed Forest Service roads or other routes with no summer recreational use designation.

Photo by Kim Raap, Trail Work Consulting

2 Several national forests, for example, list snow trail routes separately when these trails follow unplowed forest service roads. Portions of winter snow trails may follow summer trail routes, however, generally only trails that are significantly different from summer routes are listed as separate winter snow routes.

11 Table 4. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by seasonal use Seasonal use Number of trails Percent of total* Miles of trails Percent of total* Summer, Fall, Winter, Spring 1,664 77.0% 7,069 miles 67.5% Summer, Fall, Winter 98 4.5% 644 miles 6.2% Summer, Fall, Spring 53 2.5% 224 miles 2.1% Summer, Winter, Spring 4 0.2% 21 miles 0.2% Summer, Fall 135 6.3% 557 miles 5.3%

Winter, Spring 101 4.7% 938 miles 9.0% Winter 105 4.9% 1,019 miles 9.7%

Total 2,160 trails 100% 10,472 miles 100%

Administering agencies’ designated recreational uses include motorized uses including ATV riding, off-road motorcycling, and snowmobiling as well as non-motorized activities such as hiking, horseback riding, and cross-country skiing.3 Although specific-use trails are listed (groomed skate ski trails, for example) in most cases trails have more than one allowed or designated use. Likewise, in some instances, while not restricted for a particular use, a trail may not be particularly suitable for an activity. Designated use may also be restricted due to wilderness designation (limiting “mechanical”—i.e., bicycle—use as well as all motorized use) or “primitive” designation (limiting motorized uses). A quarter of trails listed by Wyoming agencies include motorized use designations. As these trails tend to be longer (6.7 miles compared to 4.2 miles on average), they account for a third of trail miles. It should be noted that enrolled roads may also be used for motorized recreation. For example, enrolled roads on Forest Service lands represent an additional 5,600 miles of routes that could be used for ORV recreation. These enrolled roads were not included in the table given the definition of “trails” used for the inventory and to be consistent with the report by Pindell et al (1998). A majority (91 percent) of trails in Wyoming include pedestrian uses including walking, hiking, and running as a designated use. About half of listed trails are designated for backpacking and equestrian use. Around half are also designated for winter cross-country ski or snowshoe use. Fewer trails (39 percent of trails/36 percent of trail miles) are designated for bicycle use. (See Table 5.)

3 The US Forest Service distinguishes between “designated use” (intended use driving trail design) and “managed use” (appropriate modes of travel). Each forest service trail has only one designated use but may have many motorized and non-motorized managed uses including ATV, motorcycle, snowmobile, etc.; hiker/pedestrian, bicycle, pack and saddle, cross-country ski, etc. (USFS 2006). Forest Service defined “managed uses” are reported in use categories in both the 1998 and 2013 Wyoming Trail Inventory listings.

12 Table 5. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by designated uses Designated use category Number of trails Percent of total* Miles of trails Percent of total* Motorized usesa ATV and/or Off-road 245 11.3% 1,379 miles 13.2% Motorcycle Snowmobile 378 17.5% 2,751 miles 26.3%

Non-motorized uses Pedestrian 1,955 90.5% 8,519 miles 81.3% Backpacking 1,112 51.5% 5,869 miles 56.0% Equestrian 1,174 54.4% 6,202 miles 59.2% Bicycle 833 38.6% 3,814 miles 36.4% Cross-country skiing 1,189 55.0% 6,815 miles 65.1% Snowshoeing 1,148 53.1% 6,557 miles 62.6% *Sum to greater than 100% due to possible multiple use categories describing each trail. a The ATV and/or Off-road estimate represents only ORV routes considered to be “trails” and excludes enrolled roads designated for ORV use on both Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management lands. Enrolled roads on the Forest Service, alone, represent an additional 5,600 miles of ORV routes. Information was not available on the miles of enrolled roads on the BLM. Due to modified designated trail use categories used in the 2013 inventory, direct comparisons to the 1998 inventory are not always possible. For specific motorized categories both ATV and motorbike designations were listed for 10 and 11 percent of trails, respectively, which is in line with the 2013 listings. Snowmobile designation (“groomed” and “ungroomed”) was listed for 36 percent of trails and 47 percent of trail miles in 1998, somewhat higher than the 2013 listings. Pedestrian uses remain the most common designation with hiking listed as the most common use in the 1998 listings (81 percent of trails/72 percent of trail miles). Other pedestrian categories—backpacking, running, and walking—were combined in the 2013 inventory in order to conform with agency designations and simplify data input, possibly accounting for higher pedestrian use category percentages. In 1998 both equestrian use (73 percent of trails/68 percent of trail miles) and bicycle use (45 percent of trails/41 percent of trail miles—combining “unimproved” and “paved” bicycle classifications) were listed for a higher percentage of trails.

In the 2013 inventory 122 trails representing 6 percent of listed trails and 2 percent of trail miles are listed by administering agencies as handicap accessible (Table 6).4 These listings

4 This number does not include a number of snowmobile trails listed by the USFS Buffalo Ranger District as as handicap accessible.

13 include 90 trails not listed in 1998. As a percentage of total trails handicap access designations have increased as well, with 2 percent of trails and 1 percent of trail miles listed as accessible in 1998 compared to 5.6 percent of trails and 1.7 percent of trail miles in 2013.

In 2013 listings three-quarters of listed trails representing 66 percent of total trail miles do not included designated motorized uses. In addition, bicycles and other mechanized vehicles are not allowed on 602 trails in Wyoming (28 percent of trails/34 percent of trail miles) which cross designated wilderness areas. Specific access restrictions, including seasonal closures, private access, etc., are listed for 10 percent of all Wyoming trails, impacting 3 percent of trail miles. (See Table 6.)

Table 6. Number and miles of Wyoming trails: Access and restrictions Category Number of trails Percent of total* Miles of trails Percent of total* Handicap access 122 5.6% 180 miles 1.7%

Use restrictions No motorized use allowed 1,626 75.3% 6,879 miles 65.9% No bicycles allowed† 602 27.9% 3,602 miles 34.4% Restriction or seasonal closure‡ 209 9.7% 294 miles 2.8% *Sum to greater than 100% due to possible multiple use categories describing each trail. † NPS, USFS, and tribal administered wilderness. ‡Includes all trails with seasonal closures due to wildlife habitat management, seasonal road closures, private access, seasonal facilities closures, etc.

Trail Surface Ten general trail surface description categories are used to describe trails in the 2013 inventory. The most common trail surface descriptor listed for Wyoming trails in the 2013 database is “natural” including 69 percent of trails and 69 percent of trail miles.5 Many trails listed as “natural” include multiple summer and winter use designations. Most NFS “standard/terra” trails, for example, allow winter skiing and snowshoeing use as well as summer hiking, equestrian, etc. Snow is the second most common trail surface, describing 10 percent of trails/19 percent of trail miles. Trails listed with snow as the primary surface generally do not follow summer non-snow routes and are listed separately by administering agencies. Paved surface (asphalt, concrete) describes 7 percent of trails and pathways. (See Table 7.)

5 This category included all trails categorized by the USFS as “Standard/Terra Trail” (USFS 2007).

14 Table 7. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by trail surface Surface category Number of trails Percent of total Miles of trails Percent of total Natural* 1,490 68.9% 7,185 miles 68.6% Snow 208 9.6% 1,970 miles 18.8% Paved 151 7.0% 311 miles 3.0% Road 117 5.4% 329 miles 3.1% Single track† 113 5.2% 153 miles 1.5% Mixed 32 1.5% 446 miles 4.3% Gravel 20 0.9% 38 miles 0.4% Boardwalk 10 0.5% <1 mile <0.1% Old roadbed 10 0.5% 32 miles 0.3% Stone 1 0.0% <1 mile <0.1% Unknown 8 0.4% 7 miles 0.1%

Total 2,160 trails 100% 10,472 miles 100% * Trails listed with a “natural” surface include NFS “standard/terra” surface designations which encompass uses designated summer as well as winter snow surfaces. These listings differ from primary “snow” surface listings which do not have corresponding summer routes. † Trail designed specifically for mountain bike use. Specific use surface descriptors were listed in the 2013 inventory for most trails listing snowmobiling, cross-country skiing, or bicycling as designated uses. Snowmobile trail surfaces are described as 22 percent groomed, 3 percent mixed, and 76 percent ungroomed. Ski- designated trail surfaces are described as 94 percent ungroomed, 4 percent groomed, and 2 percent mixed surface. Bicycle surface categories included unpaved, paved, and mixed surfaces with 87 percent of bicycle-designated trails described as unpaved (“natural” or “single track”), 12 percent paved, and 1 percent mixed surface.

Trail Location Location information recorded for each listed trail includes the county in which it is primarily situated. The 2013 inventory lists trails in each of Wyoming’s 23 counties. Teton and Fremont County contain the top and second number of both trails and trail miles listed, respectively, followed by Park, Lincoln, and Sublette Counties (Table 8). These top five counties, which include Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks, as well as Bridger-Teton and Shoshone National Forests, accounted for 57 percent of total trails and 66 percent of total trail miles listed (Table 8).Teton County also had the top ranking in terms of both the number and miles of urban trails and pathways.

15 Table 8. Number and miles of Wyoming trails by county location County Number of trails Percent of total Rank Miles of trails Percent of total Rank Albany 75 3.5% 10 452 miles 4.3% 7 Big Horn 75 3.5% 11 277 miles 2.6% 11 Campbell 3 0.1% 24 52 miles 0.5% 21 Carbon 65 3.0% 13 551 miles 5.3% 6 Converse 98 4.5% 6 241 miles 2.3% 12 Crook 27 1.3% 18 168 miles 1.6% 14 Fremont 239 11.1% 2 1,347 miles 12.9% 2 Goshen 3 0.1% 25 3 miles 0.0% 25 Hot Springs 16 0.7% 20 50 miles 0.5% 22 Johnson 84 3.9% 9 186 miles 1.8% 13 Laramie 56 2.6% 15 90 miles 0.9% 16 Lincoln 202 9.4% 3 1,180 miles 11.3% 4 Natrona 32 1.5% 16 100 miles 1.0% 15 Niobrara 1 0.0% 26 2 miles 0.0% 26 Park 200 9.3% 4 1,190 miles 11.4% 3 Platte* 64 2.9% 14 53 miles 0.5% 20 Sheridan 87 4.0% 8 339 miles 3.2% 10 Sublette 181 8.4% 5 1,017 miles 9.7% 5 Sweetwater 21 1.0% 19 69 miles 0.7% 18 Teton 408 18.9% 1 2,150 miles 20.5% 1 Uinta 28 1.3% 17 38 miles 0.4% 24 Washakie 15 0.7% 21 42 miles 0.4% 23 Weston 7 0.3% 23 71 miles 0.7% 17

Fremont, ID† 9 0.4% 22 56 miles 0.5% 19 Gallatin, 68 3.1% 12 349 miles 3.1% 9 MT† Park, MT† 96 4.4% 7 399 miles 3.8% 8

Total 2,160 trails 100% 10,472 miles 100% * Platte County includes trails listed in Glendo State Park which spans Converse and Platte Counties. † Trails crossing the Wyoming state line into adjoining states included in NFS listings. While this is a Wyoming inventory it is hard to address exactly trails that only originate or segments for these systems that cross state boundaries. We have included these trails that cross state lines for completeness. Laramie, Campbell, Sheridan, Natrona, and Sublette Counties each had more than 30 miles of urban trails listed. The top Wyoming cities and towns ranked by the most miles of urban trails listed include Jackson, Gillette, Sheridan, Casper, Pinedale, and Buffalo. Thirteen Wyoming cities and towns listed 10 or more miles of existing urban trails and pathways. Top Wyoming cities and towns ranked by the number of rural trails listing them as nearest to the trailhead location are Jackson, Pinedale, Dubois, Douglas, and Kemmerer.

16 Individual Trail Characteristics and Information Additional information gathered as part of the 2013 inventory describing many individual trails in Wyoming includes map names, links to internet sources, and attached files; start and end landmarks and driving directions to the trailhead; grizzly and winter hazards and hazard notes; descriptive notes regarding trail surface, use, use restrictions, wilderness designation, high and low elevation; and trail and trailhead amenities. This information was gathered where available from administering agencies or other sources. Table 9 summarizes the number of trail listings in the inventory containing each of these types of information.

Table 9. Individual trail information included in 2013 inventory Type of information Number of trails described Maps Named 1:24,000-scale (7.5’) USGS topographic map(s) 1,167 Named 1:100,000-scale BLM edition map(s) 360 Named local agency map(s) 1,294 Links to area maps available from internet sources 505 Local maps attached as PDF files 285

Location Trailhead or trail start landmark 1,905 Trail endpoint landmark 1,857 Driving directions to trailhead 361

Trail hazards Grizzly hazard 419 Winter hazard 6 Specific hazard notes 195

Descriptions and notes Trail surface notes 1,618 Trail use notes 333 Trail use restriction notes 450 Links to trail information available from internet sources 316 Wilderness designation 605 Elevation (high/low) 1,113

Trail amenities Trailhead amenities listed 350 Trail amenities listed 161

Total number of trails described 2,160

17 Summary and Discussion The 2012 Wyoming Trails Inventory describes 2,160 trails and pathways totaling 10,472 trail miles administered by 221 divisions or units within 58 federal, state, municipal, and county agencies managing or maintaining trails in the state. This comprehensive listing includes the best information available from agencies at the time it was collected.

Numbers and miles of trails in Wyoming administered by federal, tribal, state, and local agencies largely reflect public land ownership in the state. Federal agencies, administering over 30 million acres or 89 percent of total public land area in Wyoming (NRCM n.d.), administer 92 percent of trail miles listed in the 2013 inventory. Agencies within the Wind River Indian Reservation administer 2 percent of trails and 1 percent of trail miles listed. State agencies, which administer 11 percent of public lands in Wyoming (NRCM n.d.), likewise, administer 1 percent of trail miles listed. Municipal and county agencies administer an additional 4 percent of trail miles, respectively, along public right-of-ways in the state.

Four federal agencies administer trails for recreational use in Wyoming. The US Forest Service (USFS) lists 7,610 trail miles in Wyoming representing 73 percent of Teton Pass Singletrack Trail Photo by Tim Young trail miles. USFS administers Wyoming trails under seven National Forests and 26 Ranger Districts. The National Park Service (NPS) is the second largest federal agency in Wyoming in terms of both land area (NRCM n.d.) and trails administered. Six NPS agencies list 284 trails in Wyoming accounting for 14 percent of trail miles in the state. Nine Bureau of Land Management Field Offices in Wyoming list 520 trail miles as managed for recreational use. The US Fish and Wildlife Service administers a limited number of trails in Wyoming. Additionally, two agencies within the Wind River Indian Reservation manage both urban and rural trails.

18 Three Wyoming state agencies manage recreational trails as well as a number of local county and municipal agencies. The Wyoming State Parks, Historic Sites and Trails oversee 19 parks and historic sites which administer 115 trail miles in the state. Three Management Areas under the Wyoming Game and Fish as well as two Wyoming Department of Transportation Districts also administer trails and pathways. Together state agencies administer 11 percent of trails with 1 percent of trail miles listed. Thirty-five municipal agencies and ten county agencies together administer 498 trail miles which account for 5 percent of trail miles listed in Wyoming.

Although the length of each trail is arbitrary depending on how interconnected trail systems were labeled and how trail segments are counted and combined by agencies listing them, it is interesting to note that the majority of trails and pathways in Wyoming were 3 miles or less with an average length of 4.8 miles. Federally administered trails tended to be longer (5.4 miles). The 270-mile long Continental Divide Snowmobile Trail (CDST) follows the Wind River Range from Lander to West Yellowstone, and is listed as parts of snowmobile trail systems in Lander, Pinedale, Dubois, Togwotee Pass, and Gros Ventre areas (Wyoming Office of Tourism 2013). The longest continuous recreational non-motorized trail crossing Wyoming, the Continental Divide National Scenic Trail, includes approximately 600 miles in Wyoming, depending on the specific route (CDTS 2012); it is listed in the inventory as a number of trail segments administered by multiple agencies.

The majority of trails administered in Wyoming occur in rural settings; 6 percent of trails and 4 percent of total trail miles listed are located in an urban setting. Six-hundred and ten trails totaling 4,069 miles are located in “primitive” areas such as USFS and NPS Wilderness and BLM Wilderness Study Areas. While closures for wildlife management or winter road access limit seasonal access to some trails, the majority of Wyoming trails are open for recreational use year round.

A quarter of trails listed by Wyoming agencies include motorized use designations. Motorized uses include ATV, off-road motorbike, and snowmobile riding. As these trails tend to be longer (6.7 miles on average compared to 4.2 miles), they account for a third of trail miles. The majority of non-motorized trails listed are designated for pedestrian uses such as walking, hiking, and running. About half include designations for winter cross-country ski or snowshoe

19 use, backpacking, and equestrian use. Just over a third of trails listed include bicycle riding as a designated use.

One hundred and twenty-two trails in the 2013 inventory, representing 6 percent of trails and 2 percent of trail miles are listed by administering agencies as handicap accessible. Three- quarters of listed trails do not allow motorized uses while another 602 trails (28 percent) also restrict mechanized vehicles including bicycles. Further access restrictions such as seasonal closures or private access are listed for 10 percent of all Wyoming trails inventoried.

The 2013 inventory lists trails in each of Wyoming’s 23 counties. Teton, Fremont, Park, Lincoln, and Sublette Counties which contain Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks, as well as Bridger-Teton and Shoshone National Forests accounted for 57 percent of trails listed. Teton County had the top ranking for both rural trails and urban trails and pathways while Laramie, Campbell, Sheridan, Natrona, and Sublette Counties each had more than 30 miles of urban trails listed. Thirteen Wyoming towns and cities listed 10 or more miles of urban trails.

Additional information gathered as part of the 2013 inventory describing many individual trails in Wyoming includes map names, links to internet sources, and attached files; start and end landmarks and driving directions to the trailhead; grizzly and winter hazards and hazard notes; descriptive notes regarding trail surface, use, use restrictions, wilderness designation, and high and low elevation; and trail and trailhead amenities. For example, the inventory includes 285 files with local maps and trail descriptions, 821 links to maps and other trail information available from internet sources, and 2,391 notes describing trail surface, use, and restrictions.

Areas of Change 1998-2013 Comparing the 2013 inventory to the 1998 Wyoming Statewide Trails Inventory (Pindell et al. 1999) reveals an overall increase in the number of both trails and trail miles in Wyoming. While the additional 800 or so trails listed are in some instances due to differences in available trail information and information gathering, areas with significant changes in administered trails are evident as well.

Forest Service districts report significant trail additions, extensions, and reclassification and BLM offices list many new trails, constructed or introduced as official, managed routes since 1998. Although they account for a smaller proportion of total trails and trail miles in Wyoming,

20 the greatest changes from 1998 to the 2013 trail inventory are in state and local agency listings. New listings include mountain biking trail systems managed by Wyoming State Parks, Historic Sites and Trails, and local county and municipal agencies list 70 trails and nearly 400 trail miles as new listings since the 1998 inventory.

The 2013 Wyoming trail inventory includes listings from federal, tribal, state, and local agencies and private organizations which were not represented in 1998. The US Fish and Wildlife Service manages a limited number of trails for recreational use and is new to the inventory. Wind River Indian Reservation Joint Tribes Transportation Department and the Tribal Fish and Game and, at the state level, the Wyoming Department of Transportation and the Wyoming Game and Fish Department are new to the inventory. The largest new trail system listing in a roadless setting includes 33 trails in the Wind River Roadless Area administered for public use by the Wind River Indian Reservation Tribal Fish and Game.

Estimating Economic Impacts In addition to contributions to the quality of life of many Wyoming residents as well as visitor enjoyment, spending associated with recreational trail use in Wyoming is important to the state’s economy. Unfortunately, quantifying the economic impact of nonmotorized trail use is difficult. Recreational trails in Wyoming are geographically dispersed and unlike motorized trail use no centralized database with contact information is available. An analysis of USFS national Visitor Use Monitoring program has been done (Taylor et al. 2013) which estimated total visitor spending associated with non-motorized trail use on the Bighorn, Bridger-Teton, Medicine Bow, and Shoshone National Forests to be $51.9 million annually, generating between $55.1 million and $67.9 million in total economic activity in the Wyoming.

21 WORKS CITED

American Trails. 2013a. National Scenic Trails. http://www.americantrails.org/resources/ info/National-Scenic-Trails.html (accessed March 21, 2013). American Trails. 2013b. The National Trails System. http://www.americantrails.org/ resources/feds/ 40yearfact.html (accessed March 21, 2013). Aragon, D. 2007. "The Wind River Indian Tribes." International Journal of Wilderness 13(2):14-17. Bureau of Land Management (BLM). 2013. BLM Wyoming. http://www.blm.gov/wy/st/en.html (accessed March 28, 2013). Bureau of Land Management (BLM). 2006. "Bureau of Land Management National Operations Center." Roads and Trails Terminology. http://www.blm.gov/nstc/library/pdf/TN422.pdf (accessed April 1, 2013). Continental Divide Trail Society (CDTS). 2012. Where's the Trail in Wyoming? http://www.cdtsociety .org/wyoming.html (accessed March 29, 2013). City of Cheyenne. 2013. Greater Cheyenne Greenway. http://www.cheyennecity.org/index.aspx?NID=207 (accessed April 2, 2013). City of Gillette. 2009. "A Parks and Pathways Master Plan for the City of Gillette." City of Gillette Parks. http://www.ci.gillette.wy.us/modules/ShowDocument.aspx? documentid=568 (accessed April 2, 2013). Farris, Tim. 2012. Jackson Ranger District Trail Supervisor, interview by Amy Nagler, December 4, 2012. Glaspell, Brian S. 2012. Medicine Bow National Forest Recreation Program Planner, interview by Amy Nagler, December 4, 2012. Gores, J. and E. Steele. 2012. "Draft Wind River Indian Reservation Pedestrian and Walkway Long Range Transportation Plan." P.C. James Gores and Associates. http://www.james goresandassociates.com/DocFiles/Final_Draft_Report_WRIR_Pathways_2_15_12.pdf (accessed Feburary 10, 2012). Hauffe, Talbot. 2013.WYDOT Transit Coordinator, interview by Amy Nagler, January 31, 2013. NRT Program, The (NRT). 2013. National Recreation Trails: About the NRT Program. http://www. americantrails.org/nationalrecreationtrails/about.htm (accessed March 21, 2013). National Resources Council of Maine (NRCM). n.d. "Public Land Ownership by State." http://www.nrcm.org/documents/publiclandownership.pdf (accessed March 28, 2013). Pindell, Darla, David Taylor, Roger Coupal, and Christopher Bastian. 1999. 1998 Wyoming Statewide Trails Inventory: Final Report. Laramie, Wyoming: University of Wyoming, Cooperative Extension Service. Rau, Paul. Worland BLM Field Office Recreation Specialist, interview by Amy Nagler, March 15, 2012.

22 Taylor, David T., Amy Nagler, Christopher T. Bastian, and Thomas Foulke. 2013. “The Economic Impact of Non-motorized Trail Usage on National Forests in Wyoming.” Laramie, Wyoming: University of Wyoming, Department of Applied Economics. US Forest Service (USFS). 2006. Forest Service Trail Accessibility Guidelines. FSTAG, Department of Agriculture, USFS. US Forest Service (USFS). 2007. "US Forest Service Trail Fundamentals." Official Trail Definitions. http://www.fs.fed.us/recreation/programs/trail-management/trail- fundamentals /USFS_Trail_Definitions_04_2007.pdf (accessed January 18, 2012). US Forest Service (USFS). 2008. "USFS Trail Management Fundamentals." Trail Class Matrix. http://www.fs. fed.us/ recreation/programs/trail-management/trail-fundamentals /National_Trail_ Class_Matrix_10_16_2008.pdf (accessed March 18, 2013). Wyoming Department of Tourism. 2013. Continental Divide Snowmobiling. http://www.wyomingtourism.org/articles/detail/Continental-Divide-Snowmobiling/31034 (accessed May 24, 2013).

23 APPENDIX A

1998 Wyoming State Trail Inventory Data Sheet

24 2013 Wyoming State Trails Inventory Data Sheet

25 APPENDIX B

Agencies Contacted for the 2013 Wyoming Trails Inventory

Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

Federal Agencies

US Forest Service

Ashley National Forest Visitor Center Flaming Gorge National Manilla, UT Recreation Area 435.784.3445

Bighorn National Forest Sara Evans Kirol, BNF Trails Coordinator Contact for all 2013 Eastside 2nd Street Sheridan , WY 82801 ranger districts 307.674.2600 within Bighorn [email protected] National Forest.

Medicine Wheel/Paintrock (See BHNF contact above.) Ranger District

Powder River Ranger District Brian Boden, Trails Manager [email protected] 307.684.7806

Tongue Ranger District (See BHNF contact above.)

Black Hills National Forest Jeanette Timm, Recreation Mineral Forester Bearlodge Ranger District 101 S. 21st Street, P.O. Box 680, Sundance, WY 82729 307.283.1361 [email protected]

Bridger-Teton National Forest Brian Goldberg, BTNF Resource Information Specialist Trail lists were P.O. Box 1888,Jackson, WY 83001 provided for all but 307.739.5561 Jackson Ranger [email protected] District at the forest level.

Big Piney Ranger District Mary Brown, Recreation Specialist 10418 South US Highway 189, Big Piney, WY 83113 307.276.5821 [email protected]

Buffalo Ranger District Rick Taylor, Supervisory Forestry Technician Hwy 26/287, Moran, WY 83013 307.543.2386 [email protected]

Greys River Ranger District Jay Romine, Forestry Technician 671 North Washington St., Afton, WY 83110 307.886.5318 [email protected]

Jackson Ranger District Tim Farris, Trails Supervisor 25 Rosencrans Lane, Jackson, WY 83001 307.739.5414 [email protected]

26 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

(US Forest Service, continued.)

Kemmerer Ranger District Dave Spencer, Forestry Technician Recreation 308 Hwy 189 North, Kemmerer, WY 83101 307.828.5114 [email protected]

Pinedale Ranger District Andrea Davidson, Wilderness Recreation Specialist 29 East Fremont Lake Rd., Pinedale, WY 82941 307.367.4326 [email protected]

Brian Glaspell, MBNF Recreation Program Manager Contact for all Medicine Bow-Routt National Forest 2468 Jackson Street Laramie, WY 82070 ranger districts Brush Creek/Hayden Ranger District 307.745.2410 within Medicine Douglas Ranger District [email protected] Bow National Laramie Ranger District Forest, as well as Thunder Basin Thunder Basin

National Grassland.

Shoshone National Forest Loren Poppert, SNF Recreation Planner Contact for all Clarks Fork Ranger District 808 Meadow Lane Avenue, Cody, WY 82414 ranger districts Greybull Ranger District 307.527.6241 within Shoshone Lander Ranger District [email protected] National Forest. Wapiti Ranger District Washakie Ranger District Wind River Ranger District

Caribou-Targhee National Forest Judy Warrick, CTNF GIS Specialist Contact for all Ashton/Island Park Ranger District 1405 Hollipark Drive, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 Wyoming ranger Palisades Ranger District 208.557.5814 districts within Teton Basin Ranger District [email protected] Caribou-Targhee Montpelier Ranger District National Forest. Soda Springs Ranger District

Joseph McFarlane, Recreation Manager Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest 1565 Hwy 150 S, Ste. A, Evanston, WY 82930 Evanston-Mountain View (307) 789-3194 Ranger District [email protected]

27 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

Bureau of Land Management Leslie Smith, Outdoor Rec Specialist Wyoming BLM State Office 307-775-6031

Wind River/Bighorn Basin District Shirley Bye-Jech, Outdoor Recreation Planner Formerly Cody Cody Field Office 1002 Blackburn Street, Cody, WY 82414 Resource Area. 307.578.5927 [email protected]

Worland Field Office Paul Rau, Recreation Specialist Formerly Big Horn 101 South 23rd, Worland, WY 82401 Resource Area. 307.347.5133 [email protected]

Lander Field Office Jared Oakleaf, Recreation Technician Formerly Lander 1335 Main Street, Lander, WY 82520 and Green River 307.332.8400 Resource Areas. [email protected]

Wyoming High Plains District Allison G. Barnes, Outdoor Recreation Planner Formerly Buffalo Buffalo Field Office 1425 Fort Street, Buffalo, WY 82834 Resource Area. 307.684.1116 [email protected]

Newcastle Field Office Allison G. Barnes, Outdoor Recreation Planner Formerly 1425 Fort Street, Buffalo, WY 82834 Newcastle 307.684.1116 Resource Area. [email protected] Same contact for Buffalo and Newcastle Field Offices.

Casper Field Office Eve Skillman, Outdoor Recreation Planner Formerly Platte 2987 Prospector Drive, Casper, WY 82604 River Resource 307.261.7500 Area. [email protected]

Wyoming High Desert District Wally Mierzejewski, Outdoor Recreation Planner Formerly Kemmerer Field Office 312 Highway 189 North, Kemmerer, WY 83101 Kemmerer (307) 828-4508 Resource Area. [email protected]

Pinedale Field Office 1625 West Pine Street, Pinedale, WY 82941 Martin L Hudson, Outdoor Recreation Planner, (307) 367-5315, [email protected]

Rawlins Field Office Christopher D. Jones, Outdoor Recreation Planner Formerly Great 1300 North Third, Rawlins, WY 82301 Divide Resource 307.328.4206 Area. [email protected]

Rock Springs Field Office Georgia L. Foster, Outdoor Recreation Planner 280 Highway 191 North, Rock Springs, WY 82901 307.352.0327 [email protected]

28 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

National Park Service

Bighorn Canyon Christy Fleming, Interpretation Specialist National Recreation Area 20 Highway 14A East, Lovell, WY 82431 307.548.5402

California National Historic Trail www.nps.gov/cali Email query sent via website.

Devils Tower National Monument Drew Gilmour, Chief Ranger Hwy 110 Bldg 170, Devils Tower, WY 82714 307.467.5283

Fort Laramie National Historic Site Mitzi Frank, Superintendent 965 Gray Rocks Road. Fort Laramie, WY 82212 307.837.2221

Fossil Butte National Monument Fossil Butte Visitor Center and Headquarters Kemmerer, WY 83101 307.877.4455

Grand Teton National Park and Stacy Meyers, Trails Program Coordinator No public trails John D. Rockefeller Jr. Memorial Parkway 307.739.3300, [email protected] lists are available; Kathy Mellander, GIS specialist 1998 listings and [email protected] internet sources Megan Callahan Masselink, Asset Manager were used for the [email protected] 2012-2013 Kevin Schneider, Deputy Superintendent inventory. 575.679.2599 x210, [email protected] Mary Gibson Scott, Superintendent [email protected]

Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail www.nps.gov/mopi Email query sent via website.

Oregon National Historic Trail www.nps.gov/oreg Email query sent via website.

Pony Express National Historic Trail www.nps.gov/poex Email query sent via website.

Yellowstone National Park Ivan Kowski, Backcountry Program Manager 307.344.2160 [email protected]

29 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

US Fish and Wildlife Service

Arapaho Melanie Olds, Satellite Refuge Manager Arapaho National Bamforth National Wildlife Refuge 953 Jackson County Road # 32, Walden, CO 80480 Wildlife Refuge Hutton Lake National Wildlife Refuge 970.723.8202 ext. 7 manages listed Mortensen Lake Natl. Wildlife Refuge [email protected] refuges in southeast Pathfinder National Wildlife Refuge Wyoming.

National Elk Refuge Lori Everson, Outdoor Recreation Planner PO Box 510, Jackson, Wyoming 83001 307.733.9212 [email protected]

Seedskadee National Wildlife Refuge Bryce Ahlers, Seasonal Biological Technician Seedskadee and Cokeville Meadows National Wildlife Refuge PO Box 700 Green River WY 82935 Cokeville 307.875.2187 Meadows NWRs have shared management.

Wind River Indian Reservation

Tribal Fish and Game Ben Synder , Director #9 St Michaels Circle, Ethete, WY 82520 307.332.7207

Shoshone and Arapaho Tribes Jim Gore, James Gore and Associates Contact authored a Transportation Department 111 North 3rd Street East, Riverton, WY 82501 report listing 307.856.2444 existing and [email protected] planned pathways.

30 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

State Agencies

Taylor Rossetti, Transit Program 5300 Bishop Boulevard, Room 215, Cheyenne, WY Wyoming Department of Transportation 82009 307.777.0962 [email protected]

District 1 Tim Mcgary, District Maintenance Engineer [email protected]

District 2 Calvin Goddard, District Maintenance Engineer [email protected]

District 3 Tory Thomas, District 3 Supervisor, [email protected]

District 4 Larry Konetzki, District 4 Maintenance Engineer [email protected]

District 5 Ron Huff, District 5 Supervisor [email protected]

Wyoming Game and Fish Department Raymond Bredehoft, Habitat and Access Supervisor Casper Region 5400 Bishop Blvd. Cheyenne, WY 82006 Green River Region 307.777.4682 Lander Region [email protected] Laramie Region

Cody Region Steve Ronne, Habitat and Access Supervisor 2820 Highway 120, Cody, WY 82414 307.527.7125

Pinedale and Jackson Regions Matt Miller, Habitat and Access Coordinator PO Box 67 Jackson, WY 83001 307.73.2321

Sheridan Region Seth Roseberry, Habitat and Access Coordinator 700 Valley View Drive, Sheridan, WY 82801 307.672.7418 [email protected]

Cathy Lujan, Public Relations . 122 W.25th, Cheyenne, WY 82002 Wyoming State Lands and Investments 307.777.8510 [email protected]

Paul Gritten, Non-motorized Trails Coordinator 2301 Central Ave, Cheyenne, WY 82002 Wyoming Division of State Parks and 307.777.8557 Historic Sites [email protected]

31 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

Local Agencies

County Agencies

Albany County Albany County Planning Office Albany County Planning Office 1002 South Third Street, Laramie, WY 82070 307.721.2568

Big Horn County Nick Wilson, Planning Technician GIS and Planning Office 417 Murphy Street, Basin, WY 82410 307.568.2424 [email protected]

Carbon County www.carbonwy.com

215 West Buffalo Street, Suite 336, Rawlins, WY 82301 Carbon County Planning and Development 307.328.2651

Campbell County www.ccprd.com Parks and Recreation

Campbell County Department of Public 500 S. Gillette Avenue, Suite 1400, Gillette, WY 82716 Works 307.685.8061

Converse County conversecounty.org

Converse County Clerk’s Office Lucile Taylor, County Clerk 107 No. 5th St., Suite 114, Douglas, WY 82633 307.358.2244

Crook County www.crookcounty.wy.gov

Crook County Road and Bridge P.O. Box 995,Sundance, WY 307.283.1441

Fremont County fremontcountywy.org

Fremont County Government 450 North 2nd Street, Lander, WY 82520 307.332.2405

Fremont County Roads Mr. William J. Masson, Staff Engineer 450 N 2nd Street, Room 310, Lander, WY 82520 307.332.1041 [email protected]

Goshen County goshencounty.org

Hot Springs County www.hscounty.com

Hot Springs County Road and Bridge Ray Shaffer, Road and Bridge Supervisor 740 Springview 307.864.3497 [email protected]

32 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

(County Agencies, continued.)

Johnson County www.johnsoncountywyoming.org

Johnson County Clerk 76 N Main St, Buffalo, WY 82834 307.684.7272

Johnson County Planning Department Rob Yingling, County Planner and Project Manager Office Annex A - Suite A, 26 N DeSmet Ave, Buffalo, WY 82834 307.684.1907 [email protected]

Laramie County Don Beard, Director Laramie County Parks and Grounds 307.633.4302 [email protected]

Lincoln County www.lcwy.org

Lincoln County Planning and Engineering Jonathan Teichert, Senior Planner Office (307) 877-9056 x2100 [email protected]

Natrona County www.natrona.net

Natrona Parks and Recreation Mike Haigler, Parks Superintendent [email protected]

Niobrara County niobraracounty.org

Niobrara County Clerk Becky Freeman, County Clerk 424 South Elm Street, Lusk, WY 82225 307.334.2211 [email protected]

Park County www.parkcounty.us

Park County Roads and Bridges 1131 11th Street, Cody WY 82414 307.527.8520

Platte County www.plattecountywyoming.com

Platte County Road and Bridge 23 Main Drive, Wheatland, WY 82201 (307) 322-3113 [email protected]

Sheridan County www.sheridancounty.co

Sheridan County Engineer’s Office Ken Muller, County Engineer 224 S. Main Street, Suite 428, Sheridan, Wyoming 82801 (307) 674-2920

Sublette County www.pinedaleonline.com

Sublette County Recreation Board Betty Cheney, Recreation Board Secretary 307.367.6444

33 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

(County Agencies, continued.)

www.countyparks.net Sweetwater County 307.872.3935

Sweetwater County Recreation Board 307.922.5450

Sweetwater County Road and Bridge Don Murray, Maintenance Supervisor 307.389.3328

Sweetwater County Engineering Department John Radosovich 307.872.3921

Sweetwater County Travel and Tourism Allison Faure, Grant Specialist/Administrative Assistant Sweetwater County Joint Travel & Tourism Board 404 N Street, Suite 304 Rock Springs, WY 82901 307.382.2538 [email protected] Jenissa Bartlett, Executive Director 307.382.2538 [email protected] www.tourwyoming.com

Teton County www.tetonwyo.org

Teton County Parks and Recreation Al Zuckerman, Parks Superintendent 307.734.0531 [email protected]

Uinta County www.uintacounty.com

Uinta County Planning and Marian McLean, Secretary Development Department 225 9th Street, Evanston, WY 82930-3415 307.783.0318

Washakie County www.washakiecounty.net

Washakie County Planning Commission David W. Anderson, County Surveyor / Planner 1001 Big Horn Ave, Ste. 104, Worland, Wy. 82401 307.347.6778

Mamie C. Krank, Weston County Clerk Weston County 307.746.4744

The Mallo Camp Board Gideon Dixon 307.746.5664 Ted Erdmann 307.746.2351 Linda Hunt, Newcastle City Council Member [email protected]

Weston County Road and Bridge Rick Williams, Shop Foreman 307.746.2642 [email protected]

34 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

Municipal Agencies

City of Afton Randy Sanderson, Parks Administrator Parks Department 307.885.9831 [email protected]

Town of Alpine www.alpinewyoming.org/recreation-department [email protected]

City of Buffalo www.buffalowyo.com

City Clerk’s Office Deann Meyer, Secretary 307.684.5555

Buffalo Chamber of Commerce Angela Jarvis, Executive Director 307.684.5544

City of Casper www.casperwy.gov www.platteriverparkway.org

Casper Parks Division 307.235.8281

Casper Community Development Department David Hough, Special Projects Coordinator 307.235.8341 [email protected]

City of Cheyenne www.cheyennecity.org

Cheyenne Parks and Recreation Jeff Wiggins, Greenway Coordinator Administration [email protected]

City of Cody www.cityofcody-wy.gov

Cody Parks, Recreation, and Rick Manchester, Director Public Facilities [email protected]

Town of Dayton www.daytonwyoming.org

Linda Lofgren, Town Clerk 307.655.2217

City of Douglas www.cityofdouglaswy.com

Douglas City Hall 307.358.3462

Douglas Public Works 307.358.9750

Town of Dubois [email protected]

Dubois Chamber of Commerce [email protected]

Cindy Dingman, Secretary/Treasurer 307.455.2556 [email protected]

35 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

(Municipal Agencies, continued.)

City of Evanston www.evanstonwy.org

Evanston Parks and Recreation Dennis Poppinga, Director [email protected]

City of Gillette www.ci.gillette.wy.us

Gillette Parks Division Brian Creek, Parks Superintendent [email protected] 307.686.5320

Gillette Geographic Information Doug Ninas, GIS Manager Systems [email protected]

Town of Glenrock www.glenrock.org

Linda Care, Mayor 307.436.9294 [email protected]

Glenrock Public Works Dave Andrews, Public Works Director [email protected]

City of Green River www.cityofgreenriver.org

Green River Parks and Kristine Lessard, Sr. Administrative Assistant Recreation Department 50 East 2nd North, Green River, WY 82935 [email protected] 307.872.6151

Town of Guernsey www.townofguernseywy.us

Guernsey Public Works Department Mike Montgomery, Public Works Director [email protected]

Guernsey Planning and Matthew Allred, Building Inspector, Town Planner Zoning Department [email protected] 307.836.2335

Town of Jackson www.ci.jackson.wy.us

Jackson Hole Community Pathways www.townofjackson.com

Brian Schilling, Coordinator 320 South King Street, Jackson, WY 83001 [email protected] 307.732.8573

City of Kemmerer www.kemmerer.org

Michael Archibald, City Administrator [email protected]

36 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

(Municipal Agencies, continued.)

Town of LaGrange www.lagrangewyo.com/walkingpath

City of Lander www.landerwyoming.org

Lander Parks and Recreation Sara Felix, Supervisor [email protected] 307.332.4647

City of Laramie www.ci.laramie.wy.us/Facilities

Laramie Parks and Recreation Paul Harrison, Director [email protected]

Mike Zook, Parks Manager [email protected] 307.721-5264

Town of Lovell www.townoflovell.com

Lovell Clerk’s Office 307.548.6551

Town of Lusk townoflusk.org usk City Hall [email protected] 307.334.3612

Town of Lyman www.lymanwy.com Lyman Town Clerk 307.787.6595

Town of Meeteetse www.meetrec.org/Wood-River-Valley-Ski-Park Meeteetse Recreation District John Fernandez 307.868.2603

Town of Mountain View Mountain View Town Hall 307.782.3100

City of Newcastle newcastlewyoming.net

Charita Brunner, City Clerk/Treasurer [email protected] 307.746.3535

Linda Hunt, City Council Member [email protected]

Town of Pine Bluffs Cate Cundall, Town Clerk 307.245.3746

37 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

(Municipal Agencies, continued.)

Town of Pinedale www.townofpinedale.us www.pinedaleonline.com

Pinedale Town Hall 307.367.4136

Pinedale Planning and Zoning Kate Grimes Dahl, Planning and Zoning Administrator [email protected] 307.367.4136

City of Powell www.cityofpowell.com

City of Powell Parks Department [email protected] 307.754.9417

City of Rawlins www.rawlins-wyoming.com

Cheryl Moore, Administrative Secretary [email protected]

City of Riverton www.rivertonwy.gov

Riverton Public Services, Paul Throckmartin, Manager Lands Division [email protected] 307.856.3687

City of Rock Springs www.rswy.net

Rock Springs City Hall 307.352.1500

Rock Springs Parks and Recreation Dave Lansang, Parks Director 352-1401

Mark Lyon, Superintendent [email protected]

Rock Springs Chamber of Commerce 307.362.3771

Rock Springs Engineering Department Ryan Schmidt, Civil Engineer II [email protected] 307.352.1543

Rock Springs Recreation Ron Cheese, President Advisory Board [email protected]

Town of Rolling Hills www.rollinghillswy.com

Teresa Montgomery, Clerk/Treasurer 38 S Badger Rd, Rolling Hills, WY 82637 [email protected] 307.436.5348

38 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

(Municipal Agencies, continued.)

City of Sheridan

Sheridan Recreation District www.sheridanrecreation.com

307.674.7500 [email protected]

Sheridan Travel and Tourism Penny L. Becker, Executive Director [email protected] 307-673-7120

Town of Star Valley Ranch Town Hall 307.883.TOWN Gregg Wilkes, Town Administrator

Town of Thermopolis www.townofthermopolis.com

Thermopolis Public Works Ernie Slagle, Director of Public Works 307.864.9285

City of Torrington www.city-of-torrington.org Torrington Town Hall 307.532.5666 [email protected]

Torrington Parks Matt John, Department Head

City of Worland Worland Clerk’s Office [email protected] Bruce W. Frederick, Washakie County Planner 1001 Big Horn Avenue, Worland, WY 82401 307.347.6778 [email protected]

Town of Wright Wright City Hall 307.464.1666

39 Administering Agency and District or Contact Information Notes Division Contacted

Private Organizations

Bear River Outdoor Recreational Alliance www.brorayurts.org

Black Mountain Nordic Club blackmountainnordic.com

Casper Mountain Lions Club e-clubhouse.org/sites/casperwy

www.facebook.com/pages/Casper-Mountain-Lions-Club- Braille-Trail

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints 307.328.2953 Martin’s Cove Historic Site [email protected]

Lander Cycling Club landercycling.org

Lander Nordic Ski Association landernordic.org

Medicine Bow Nordic Association mbna.pbworks.com [email protected]

Park County Nordic Ski Association www.nordicskiclub.com

Powder Pass Nordic Skiers and ‘Shoers Bob Theune, Treasurer 307.684.2128

Rails-to-Trails Conservancy www.traillink.com/trailsearch.aspx?state=WY

Sheridan Community Land Trust Colin Betzler, Executive Director Community group 306 N. Main Street, Sheridan, WY 82801 partnering with 307.673.4702 Sheridan County [email protected] and multiple other organizations.

Sweetwater Community Land Trust www.sheridanclt.org

Colin Betzler, Executive Director 306 N. Main Street, Sheridan, WY 82801 307.673.4702 [email protected]

Sweetwater Mountain Biking Association www.facebook.com/pages/Sweetwater-Mountain-Biking- Association-SMBA Wade Liedtke [email protected] 307-875-1445

West Yellowstone Ski Education Foundation www.rendezvousskitrails.com

Wyoming Wilderness Association [email protected]

40