Rainbow Index of Churches in Europe 2020
RICE 2020 RESEARCH REPORT Rainbow Index of Churches in Europe 2020 inclusive-churches.eu Contents 1. INTRODUCTION: LGBTI INCLUSIVITY IN EUROPEAN CHURCHES p. 4 2. SCORES AND RANKING OF CHURCHES p. 8 3. DENOMINATIONS, FAMILIES OF CHURCHES, CHURCH FAMILIES p. 24 4. EASTERN ORTHODOX CHURCH p. 26 5. ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH p. 54 6. PROTESTANT CHURCHES p. 81 7. OTHER CHURCHES: METROPOLITAN COMMUNITY CHURCH; p. 109 OLD CATHOLIC CHURCH; UNITARIAN CHURCH 8. ‘TRADITIONAL VALUES AND HUMAN RIGHTS’ COUNTRY REPORTS: p. 114 HUNGARY, RUSSIA, POLAND 9. EASTERN PARTNERSHIP COUNTRY REPORTS: p. 129 UKRAINE, BELARUS, MOLDOVA, ARMENIA 10. NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE COUNTRY REPORTS: p. 147 SWEDEN, GERMANY, SWITZERLAND 11. SOUTHERN EUROPE COUNTRY REPORTS: MALTA, SPAIN, ITALY, CROATIA, SERBIA p. 159 12. TRANSGENDER PERSONS p. 176 13. WAYS FORWARD p. 181 Appendices A. Research methodology p. 185 B. Churches p. 192 C. List of indicators (‘inclusivity index’) p. 195 D. Results per church family: OC, RCC, PC, other churches p. 198 With the support of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science of the Netherlands, Council for World Mission, and Open Society Foundation AUTHORS: Pilar d’Alo, Rachael Stockdale, Rein Brouwer, Heleen Zorgdrager Protestant Theological University Amsterdam, Netherlands, 18 April 2021 1. Introduction: LGBTI Inclusivity in European Churches 4 INTRODUCTION: LGBTI INCLUSIVITY IN EUROPEAN CHURCHES During the past half century, remarkable changes have taken place with regard to the recognition of rights of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Intersex (LGBTI) people across Europe. At the same time, Europe has seen many instances of increased hostility towards LGBTI people, including outright persecution. Issues of sexual and gender diversity have become key topics in post-secular conflicts over divergent values in modern pluralistic societies, and in Europe, we also see these so- called ‘culture wars.’ Religion plays a part in all of this.
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