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Adivasi-Rundbrief 49 - Solidarität Mit Indiens Ureinwohnern - Hg.: Adivasi-Koordination in Deutschland E.V

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Adivasi-Rundbrief 49 - Solidarität Mit Indiens Ureinwohnern - Hg.: Adivasi-Koordination in Deutschland E.V Adivasi-Rundbrief 49 - Solidarität mit Indiens Ureinwohnern - Hg.: Adivasi-Koordination in Deutschland e.V. Jugendheimstr.10, 34132 Kassel Dezember 2013 nen ins Leben gerufen und eine neue ‘mobile’ Darstellungsform auf Papier entwickelt. Eine Auswahl dieser Arbeiten wurde vom 20.August bis 8.September 2013 dank der Initiative von Sabine Meyer, Indisches Haus Wennigsen in Hamburg präsentiert. Ausführliche Informationen zur Kunst der Adi- vasi-Frauen aus Hazaribagh/Jharkhand auf der Website der Adivasi-Koordination unter "Aktiv werden" – "Khovar und Sohrai: Eine Ausstel- lung mit Kunst von Adivasi-Frauen". Eine detail- lierte Dokumentation zum Kohleabbau im Hazaribagh-Distrikt ist ebenfalls auf der Web- site der Adivasi-Koordination einsehbar unter "Dokumente" – "sonstige Texte zum Thema Nr.49/1 Malen mit den Jahreszeiten: Aus- Adivasi": "Karanpura Valley TurnOver. Coal stellung mit Kunst von Adivasi-Frauen auf Mining, Industries and Human Rights in the der internationalen Gartenschau in Hamburg Karanpura Valley, Jharkhand". Im Bundesstaat Jharkhand - besonders im Die Adivasi-Koordination sucht Menschen mit Distrikt Hazaribagh - hat sich eine bemerkens- Interesse, die in Hamburg gezeigte Ausstel- werte Tradition der Hausbemalung in den Dör- lung an ihrem Ort zu zeigen. Kontakt: Johannes fern erhalten. Die bildhaften Dekorationen und Laping, Christophstr. 31, 69214 Eppelheim, Tel. Zeichnungen im Inneren der Häuser, aber noch 06221-766 557, [email protected] auffälliger auf den Aussenwänden zeigen le- bendige, großflächig ausgeführte Tier- und Pflanzen-Darstellungen. Die Träger(innen) die- ser Kulturtradition sind zum großen Teil Ange- hörige der unteren Kasten bzw. Kastenlose ("Scheduled Castes"), obwohl sie richtiger als Stammesgemeinschaften ("Scheduled Tribes"), bzw. Adivasi anerkannt werden sollten. Das gesamte Gebiet, in dem sich diese leben- dige Kunstform findet, wird heute von zuneh- mender Industrialisierung und vor allem durch den Kohle-Tagebau bedroht. Derzeit laufen Pla- nungen für weitere Abbauprojekte. Dies wird noch mehr Land als das bisher schon der Fall war vernichten und damit auch das wirtschaft- liche, soziale und kulturelle Überleben der Be- völkerung - überwiegend Adivasi - gefährden. Im Angesicht dieser Bedrohung bemüht sich eine Initiative in Hazaribagh, die Kunsttraditio- nen so gut es geht zu erhalten. Vor mehreren Aus der Hamburger Ausstellung: (ins deutsche Jahren wurde eine Kooperative von Künstlerin- übersetzter) Protest gegen den Kohle-Tagebau Adivasi-Rundbrief 49 - B - Dezember 2013 Nr.48/2: Odisha: Adivasi-Dorfgemeinschaf- ten am Nyamgiri lehnen Vedanta-Bergbau- projekt ab Im letzten Adivasi-Rundbrief hatten wir von der Entscheidung des Obersten Gerichtes in Delhi vom 18. April dieses Jahres berichtet. Mit die- ser Entscheidung wurden den vom Nyamgiri- Bergbauprojekt am stärksten betroffenen Dongria Kondh erhebliche Mitspracherechte eingeräumt. Insgesamt 12 Dorfgemeinschaften wurde drei Monate Zeit eingeräumt, um zu ent- scheiden, ob das an der Londoner Börse ge- listete Unternehmen Vedanta auf ihrem heiligen Berg Nyamgiri Bauxit abbauen dürfe oder nicht. Die Dorfgemeinschaften sollten den Beschluß im Rahmen einer förmlichen Dorfversammlung Referent Gladson Dungdung aus Ran- ("gram sabha") treffen. Nachdem Phuldumer im chi/Jharkhand mit Moderatorin Madhusree Kalahandi-Distrikt am 29. Juli als insgesamt Mukerjee auf dem Workshop zur solidarischen siebtes Dorf den Ablehnungsbeschluß getroffen Ökonomie in Berlin hatte, kommentierte Amnesty International Lon- don in einer Presseerklärung vom selben Tage: Nr.48/3: "Gesellschaftliche Perspektiven des "Die massive Ablehnung des Bauxitminen-Pro- Adivasi-Widerstandes" – Workshop zur jektes durch die Adivasi-Gemeinschaften der solidarischen Ökonomie in Berlin Dongria Kondh ist ein beispielloser Sieg für die Wie am Beispiel der Adivasi vom Nyamgiri-Berg Rechte der indigenen Völker über die wirt- in Odisha zu sehen, kann Adivasi-Widerstand schaftlichen Interessen der Investoren." Der seit gelegentlich auch zum Erfolg führen (siehe mehreren Jahren im Auftrag von amnesty inter- nebenstehenden Artikel). Wenn sich Adivasi national London als Beobachter für "Nyamgiri" gegen fremdbestimmte Projekte erfolgreich ge- tätige Ramesh Gopalakrishnan erklärte: "Die wehrt haben, bedeutet das nicht, daß quasi heutige Abstimmung bedeutet sicherlich das automatisch eine Idee für die weitere Gestal- Ende von Vedantas Bergbauplänen auf dem tung des gemeinschaftlichen Lebens vorhanden Nyamgiri-Berg. Das Vedanta-Projekt hätte die ist. Eher weniger Adivasi wollen schlicht in wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und kulturellen Ruhe gelassen werden und ihren tradierten Le- Rechte der Dorfgemeinschaften verletzt – und bensentwurf weiter fortführen. Viele von ihnen sicherlich auch ihre Rechte als indigene Völker. wünschen vielmehr eine Entwicklung, die von Nach einem Kampf von zehn Jahren gegen die Qualitäts-Bildung, ökonomischem Auskommen, Bedrohung ihrer Lebensweise haben die sozialer Sicherheit und kultureller und religiöser Dongria Kondh jetzt endlich ihr Recht Eigenständigkeit geprägt ist. Wie eine derartige durchgesetzt, nicht dem Bergbauprojekt Entwicklung aussehen kann, war die grund- zuzustimmen." sätzliche Fragestellung des von der Adivasi- amnesty international weist in seiner Presseer- Koordination vom 11. bis 13. Oktober veran- klärung darauf hin, daß das vom Obersten Ge- stalteten Workshops: Was kann unternommen richt den Dorfgemeinschaften eingeräumte Mit- werden, um vor allem jungen Ureinwohnern spracherecht historisch einmalig sei und daß eine ökonomische und soziale Perspektive an die Gerichtsentscheidung einen Meilenstein in ihrem angestammten Ort zu bieten? Eine der der Rechtsentwicklung Indiens darstelle. möglichen Antworten auf diese Frage ist mit Presseerklärung von amnesty international im dem Stichwort "soziale Ökonomie" angedeutet. englischen Original: http://www.amnesty-in- Indiens Ureinwohner waren bei dem Seminar dien.de/Main/20130730002 durch folgende Referenten vertreten: Bineet Mundu aus Ranchi: Er war viele Jahre für ver- schiedene indische NGOs in der Lobby- und Aufklärungsarbeit tätig. Derzeit arbeitet er als selbständiger Consultant. Elina Horo ist am Adivasi-Rundbrief 49 - C - Dezember 2013 Adivasi Women's Network Ranchi, einer Platt- Nr.48/4 Menschenrechts-Verteidigerin form zum Austausch von Wissen und Erfah- Dayamani Barla aus Ranchi erhält den mit rung, in leitender Rolle beteiligt. Gladson 10.000 US-Dollar dotierten Ellen L. Lutz Dungdung ist ein Graswurzelaktivist und Publi- Indigenous Rights Award zist. Er ist ständiger Mitarbeiter der NGO Asian Als der Adivasi-Rundbrief in seiner Ausgabe Centre for Human Rights (ACHR) in Delhi, dort vom Februar 2013 zum letzten Mal von der Adi- zuständig für Dokumentationen zu seinem Hei- vasi-Aktivistin Dayamani Barla berichtete, lau- matstaat Jharkhand. Die theoretische Grund- tete die entsprechende Überschrift "Menschen- lage legte zu Beginn des Seminares die Sozio- rechts-Verteidiger werden immer öfter kriminali- login Prof. Clarita Müller-Plantenberg von der siert". Im dem Artikel wurde berichtet, daß Universität Kassel. In Arbeitsgruppen wurde Dayamani Barla die Monate Oktober bis De- der Fokus auf Themen wie "traditionelles Ge- zember 2012 im Gefängnis verbrachte. Die werbe und Vermarktung", "Subsistenzwirt- Staatsmacht hatte schon fast vergessene An- schaft" und "solidarische Ökonomie im regio- zeigen aus dem Jahr 2006 "ausgegraben" und nalen Verbund" gerichtet. Die Zusammen- mit diesen Fällen als Vorwand die Aktivistin setzung der Seminar-Teilnehmer – Menschen- hinter Gitter gebracht. Der Zweck dieser Aktion rechts-NGOs, Hilfswerke aus dem Kontext der war, sie hinsichtlich ihres aktuellen Widerstan- indisch-deutschen Zusammenarbeit – ermög- des einzuschüchtern. Die Verleihung des "Ellen lichten angeregte Diskussionen. L.Lutz Indigenous Rights Award" durch die US- Menschenrechtsorganisation "Cultural Survival" bedeutet somit nicht nur eine materielle Hilfe, sondern eine sehr starke moralische Unter- stützung. "Der Preis [...] lenkt eine kritische Aufmerksamkeit auf die undemokratische Ein- stellung, mit welcher Jharkhands Regierung sozialen Aktivisten begegnet" (Presseerklärung von "Cultural Survival" vom 13.Mai 2013). Der Preis erinnert an die renommierte Menschen- rechtsanwältin Ellen L. Lutz, welche von 2004 bis 2010 die Geschäftsführerin von "Cultural Survival" war. "Der Preis wird verliehen in Aner- kennung einer überragenden Menschenrechts- arbeit, einer engagierten Führerschaft für die Rechte indigener Völker und für ein tiefes authentisches Engagement zum Schutz, Erhalt und zur Wiederbelebung indigener Kulturen", Dayamani Barla vom Volk der Munda wurde sagte Suzanne Benally, Geschäftsführerin von 1965 in einer Kleinbauernfamilie in Arhara im "Cultural Survival" (Presseerklärung vom Distrikt Khunti/Jharkhand geboren. Als Kind ar- 13.Mai 2013). beitete sie als Haushaltshilfe in Ranchi, um ih- Die Adivasi-Koordination begrüßt diese Aus- ren Bildungsweg zu finanzieren. Ihre Familie zeichnung für Dayamani Barla und gratuliert ihr hatte das Land für den Ackerbau an einen be- sehr herzlich zu dieser Auszeichnung. In der trügerischen Geschäftsmann aus der Gegend Tat wurde damit eine Graswurzel-Aktivistin verloren. Als College-Studentin verdiente sie geehrt. Wenn es um Verfolgung, Unterdrückung ihren Unterhalt als Schreibkraft. Während meh- und Benachteiligung von Adivasi geht, ist sie rerer Jahre war sie für die Zeitung "Prabhat unbestechlich und nennt die Dinge beim Na- Khabar" tätig. Heute betreibt
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