Organic Compounds

Food Labels

• All living things use materials and energy • Our food comes from living things • The food labels we see show us what our food is made of • The stuff we are studying today can be found on food labels The molecules of life • The molecules that make up living things are really big • They are called macromolecules

IMPORTANT VOCAB!!

• These BIG molecules are called polymers.

• They are made up of simple, repeating units called monomers

just 1 Monomers and Polymers

polymer monomer

just 1 Monomers and Polymers polymer monomer

just 1 Quick Checks

• Monomer (A) or Polymer (B)? Quick Checks • Monomer (A) or Polymer (B)? Quick Check • Monomer (A) or Polymer (B)?

Playlist with lots of songs Quick Check

• What is another example of a polymer made up of many monomers? • Think quietly to yourself for 30 seconds • Write your idea on your whiteboard • Pair up with your neighbor – Make sure you have DIFFERENT answers • Share with the class Identifying the 4 Organic Macromolecules 1. Carbohydrates These are BIG molecules - macromolecules They are polymers made up of many simple, repeating monomers

The monomers of carbohydrates are… SUGARS called monosaccharides! Quick Check - Whiteboards

• A carbohydrate…is it a monomer (A) or a polymer (B)? Quick Check - whiteboards

• Simple sugar - monosaccharide…is it a monomer (A) or a polymer (B)? Practice Drawing it - whiteboards • Try drawing a MONOMER of carbohydrates

• Write the name of the monomer next to its picture

• Add it to your notes

• Try drawing a carbohydrate Carbohydrates • The building blocks (monomers) of carbohydrates are simple sugars like glucose, galactose, and fructose

carbohydrates

Monomer: Simple Sugar

Compound: Carbohydrate Identifying the 4 Organic Macromolecules 2. Proteins • These are also BIG macromolecules. • On your whiteboards: – Draw what you think 1 monomer of this macromolecule looks like • They are also made up of many simple repeating monomers called amino acids • Try drawing a monomer of proteins – write it’s name next to it • Add it to your notes

Proteins

Monomer: 1 amino acid

Compound: Protein (a chain of amino acids) Identifying the 4 Organic Macromolecules 3. Lipids Try drawing the monomers of a lipid Compare with a neighbor…

The monomers of lipids have 2 parts: A glycerol and 2 fatty acid chains

Lipids

• The building blocks of lipids are glycerol and fatty acids.

Quick Check

• The monomers of lipids have 2 parts…

• On 1/2 of your whiteboard, draw 1 monomer and label its 2 parts

• On the other 1/2, draw a lipid polymer

• Compare with a neighbor • Hold up • Add the monomer and its names to your notes Lipids

Monomer: glycerol + fatty acid chains

Compound: fats, oils, waxes Identifying the 4 Organic Macromolecules 4. Nucleic Acids (DNA) These are very big macromolecules Try drawing one monomer careful! - it has 3 parts!

The monomers of nucleic acids are called nucleotides Nucleic Acids

• Each nucleotide monomer has 3 parts: – A sugar – A phosphate group – A nitrogen base Nucleic acids

Monomer: 1 nucleotide

Add a picture of the monomer and it’s names to your notes Compound: nucleic acid (RNA) Who has the organic compounds? • ALL living things have all four organic compounds – Carbohydrates are used for energy and all living things need energy – Lipids are found in cell membranes (and all living things have cells) – Proteins are the products of the cell – Nucleic acids – all living things have DNA So do you get it?

• Your goal was to be able to name, identify, and draw the 4 macromolecules and their monomers.

• Let’s see if you can do it. On whiteboards…write it and hide it

• Monomer or polymer?