COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE ORGANIZATION SOVIET UNION - CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE K.G.B. Secretariat: Leonid I. Brezhnev, General Secretary ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANS SECTION I STATE SECURITY COMMITTEE (K.G.B.) Yuri V. Andropov, Chairman

I I 1st Chief Directorate 2nd Chief Directorate 3rd Directorate 7th Directorate 9th Directorate Foreign Intelligence Internal Security Armed Forces Surveillance Kremlin Guards Gen. A/eksandr M. Maj. Gen. 1. A. Fadeikin Maj. Gen. V. 1. Aladin Maj. Gen. Sakharovsky V, Y.Chekalov

„Border troops 8th Directorate Administration Technical and Lie:Jt. Gen. Pavel Communications and Personnel Research Zyryanov Maj. Gen. Serafim N. Lyalin

Deputy Chiefs,

1st Chief Directorate •111101143:341;611261011r3141311MORNIMICSMILZIGUar Maj. Gen. Yasily V. ill. Mozzhechkov g Maj. Gen. Mikhail S. GeOgra?hiC al arae4s "Dezinfcrmation" _easiness" Tsymbal Anatoly I. Maj. Gen. Ivan I. Kor2vii, Agayants

The New York Times Organizational chart of the State Security Committee of the Soviet Union, which employs 600,000 to one million people. The First Chief Directorate for Foreign Intelligence, left, is comparable to the Central Intelligence Agency. Structure of Soviet Intelligence Unit Is Outlined

Special to The New Tdrk Times WASHINGTON, Nov. 9—The The agency prints its own Soviet Union's State Security house organ, called Chekistsky Committee, which is the na- Sbornik. The magazine has a tion's principal intelligence select and limited circulation. agency, employs 600,000 to one The present name of the million people inside and out- State Security Committee, known in Russian as K. G. B. side the Soviet Union, accord- for Komitet Gosudarstvennoi ing to Western estimates. bezopasnosti, dates from 1954. Only one of its divisions, It is the successor organiza- the First Chief Directorate for tion to the security apparatus Foreign Intelligence, is com- started by Lenin as the Cheka, parable in function to the Cen- then reorganized periodically tral Intelligence Agency. This under different names, repre- division was the one in charge sented by the initials G.P.U. of Lieut. Col. Yevgeny Y. Runge, N.K.V.D., and M.V.D. an agent who recently defected Its officers still refer to them- to the United States. selves as Chekists, a term both Other functions handled by fearful and glamorous in the the Soviet State Security Com- Russian context., mittee have their equivalents At times in Soviet history the in the United States in the security police have played a Federal Bureau of Investiga- powerful role in the nation's tion, the National Security politics, notably in the era from Anatoly I. Lazarev . .Agency, the Secret Service, the Yuri V. Andropov '1938 to 1953 when Lavrenti P. Immigration and Naturaliza- Beria headed the apparatus and tion Service and, the Bureau of served as one of Stalin's closest Customs. associates. Thus the Soviet agency is Beria was executed within also concerned with internal months of Stalin's death, and security and subversive activ- the post-Stalin leaders have ity. When it finds it necessary, shown marked concern about it 'observes Soviet citizens and etting the security apparatus !foreign residents at their places ever play the dominant role in of work and in their private policy-making that it achieved activities. earlier. The agency cracks codes and communications used by other governments, provides body- guards for high political figures and manages technical labora- tories to devise new equipment for intelligence and other pur- poses. The 200,000 border guards also fall under the con- trol of the, security apparatus. 'A Museum in Moscow The organization has its own museum in Moscow, displaying mementoes of past security ex- ploits. The exhibits include the parachtite used by the Ameri- can U-2 pilot, Francis Gary Powers, shot down over the Soviet Union in 1960. The mu- seum is not open to the public. United States by the Secret Service. Western analysts, however, A separate division directs .consider the security agency at the border guards, commanded least as important as the mili- by Lieut. Gen. Pavel I. Zyrya- Itary in the factional line-up of nov. Their closest equivalent Iforces .in Soviet politics. No in the United States is the 'longer an instrument of brute Naturalization and Immigration terror, the agency, Service. Like the United States is still an Bureau of Customs, the border awesome and mysterious organ- troops also guard against the ization. importation of subversive litera- From defectors and other ture. sources, Western intelligence There is an administrative organizations have pieced to- and personnel division that gether, the. structure of the manages ,the agency's head- Soviet' agency -and identified quarters on Moscow's Dzerzhin- key personnel. sky Square. The headquarters Officially the ' agency is a includes Lubyanka prison, Government organization at where important prisoners are ministry level. Since the Soviet interrogated. Government is secondary at Finally, the agency main- every level• to the Communist tains technical laboratories and party structure, the true chan- research facilities at Pushkino, nel of authority is through the northeast of Moscow, to devise Administrative Organs section new techniques and devices of of the party's Central Commit- `-eurveillance, sabotage and tee secretariat, headed by the has been the head of the Sec- analysis. general secretary, Leonid I. lond Chief Directorate, though Brezhnev. The First directorate is di- The present chairman of the recent reports indicate he may rectly involved with foreign Soviet agency is a close polit- have been replaced. governments, for this is the ical ally of Mr. Brezhnev, Yuri The Third Directorate, head- division that dispatches agents V. Andropov, a professional ed by Maj. Gen. I. A. Fadeikin, abroad. Under General Sakharovsky also learned surveillance and party official. Mr. Andropov was known during World War was named to this post last are three deputy directors, counterstuveillance, secret writ- May in a shake-up that ob- II as Smersh, an acronym for Maj. Gen. Vasily V. Mozzhech- ing, safe "drops" for niessages servers analyzed as a move to Russian words meaning "death kov, who was publicly identi- and "brush" contacts. In such bring the agency more closely to spies." It is charged with fied last April while visiting contacts material is passed un- under Mr. Brezhnev's control. counterintelligence within the the United States under a pseu- obtrusively between two agents Soviet. armed forces. The State Structure Is Described donym; Maj. Gen. Mikhail S. as they brush against each Security. Committee is thus the Tsymbal, who is known to have other in a: public. place. Under the chairman are a senior partner, over the armed made periodic trips outside the From Moscow colonel. Runge series of chief directorates, forces' own military intelligent Soviet Union under the name was sent to Leipzig and then to each headed by an intelligence agency, or G.R.U., since the Rogov, and Maj. Gen. Ivan I. Halle in East Germany before officer with the rank of major security agents keep the mili- moving on to Munich and Frank- general or lieutenant general. Agayants, newly promoted to Itary intelligence itself under sur- the post of deputy director. furt in West Germany for ad- The First Chief Directorate, veillance. Counterintelligence in vanced training. Unlike most, il- headed by Lieut. Gen. Aleksandr the United States armed serv- General Mozzhechkov is be- lieved to be in charge of per- legal agents he was trained .on M. Sakharovsky, employs about ices is a responsibility of the the job rather than in special 10,000 persons in the collec- services themselves. sonnel and administration. Gen- eral Tsymbal. was formerly schools in Moscow. tion and analysis of foreign The fourth, fifth and sixth Early in 1956 he married Wa- intelligence. directorates are not known to head of- the directorate's de-, lentina Rusch, an East German The Second Chief Director- exist now. Formerly they shared partment overseeing "illegals,' woman who had already been ate is concerned with political in the internal security respon- agents who live abroad under recruited into the Soviet intel- subversive activities, economic sibilities, dividing up political, the deep cover with no appar- ligence service. espionage, sabotage and tree- economic and other crimes ent link to the Soviet Union. With $1,200 advanced them !son, embezzlement and thefts that have now been grouped The present head of the "illeg- by the intelligence agency, Mr. of government property. Some under the Second directorate. als" department Is A.natoly I. and Mrs. "Gast" settled in Co- of its functions therefore cor- Thee Seventh Chief Direct- Lazarev. logne and sought to open respond to those of the Federal orate is the division that car- General Agayants , was for a dry-cleaning establishment. Bureau of Investigation, local ries out actual surveillance, the many years the head of the police forces and regulatory However the money proved in- shadowing of suspicious per- "disinformation" department of adequate and they were forced agencies such as the Food and sons, the clandestine penetra- the First directorate, the ap- Drug Administration or the to borrow. In time Colonel tion of offices and the recruit- paratus charged with dissem- Runge, switched to the vending- Narcotics Bureau. More than ment of potential agents among inating false or misleading in- 100,000 agents are believed to machine business. foreigners. This division , is formation with an intent to de- His monthly pay as an agent report through this division. known to employ 3,000 per- Lieut. Gen. Oleg M. Gribanov eive foreign countries. The was 380 rubles (about $420), sons in' 'Moscow alone. Guards department is reports to have which was deposited to a bank at embassies and buildings a' -staff of 40 or 50 writers account in his name in Moscow. where foreigners live in the and editors in Moscow. He supported himself and his Soviet capital report to the The work of the First direc- family entirely on the proceeds Seventh directorate, headed by torate is known to be divided of his West German business. Maj. Gen. V. I. Aladin. Gov- among 15 departments, includ- When he returned to Moscow ernment surveillance is carried 'last summer he had to make a out mainly by the F. B. I. ing "disinformation" and "il- legals." The others deal with detailed financial account to his The Eighth Chief Directorate, !superiors. under Maj. Gen. Serafim N. specific geographic areas. Lyalin, performs functions sim- The 13th department has a ilar to the National Security special notoriety, for it en- Agency of the United States, gages in the violent aspects of including code-breaking and intelligence such as assassina- surveillance of communications tions, terrorism and kidnap- of foreign governments and pings. Its head has been identi- citizens. fied as a man named Rodin, The Ninth Chief Directorate who has traveled abroad -un- is headed by Maj. Gen. V. Y. der the pseudonym Nikolai B. Chekalov and provides personal Korovin. security to leading members of In Western, intelligence, par- the Soviet Government and lance this activity is called party. The Kremlin guards and "executive action." The Soviet chauffeurs of official cars are name is more explicit, "mok- supplied by this division. These riye dela," a slang phrase functions are handled in the meaning "bloody business." Subordinates Identified Colonel Runge was first as- signed to "run" Leopold Pie- schel, a majordomo of the French Embassy in Bonn, who is said to have photographed more than 1,000 secret docu- idea that Kurt Gast was a spy," ments, including codes, before Mr. Hochrieser said recently his arrest last month. Colonel in an interview. "Even after his Runge says he forwarded the defection I still didn't associate material to agents in Switzer- Runge with the Gast I knew. land and Austria for dispatch It was not until I actually saw to Moscow. my name linke,1 with his in the Besides Pieschel, his wife, newspapers that I finally Klara, and her brother, Martin realized that Kurt was Runge." Markgraf, a waiter, also were The Runges have now settled placed under Colonel Runge's down in a hide-out, protected orders in 1956. by the C.I.A. The little boy, By 1959 his three agents who finds it still difficult to were producing such valuable realize his name is not Gast, information that he was as- plays with children of C.I.A. signed Heinz Siitterlin, an East employes. Day after day German who had been recruited Colonel Runge is interrogated with orders to marry a woman as he tries to recall names and secretary in a key West Ger- incidents that may help West- man ministry. He eventually ern intelligence. married Leonore Heinz of the Colonel Runge is still talking Foreign Ministry, who hanged and he is expected to talk for herself after her arrest last many more months before his month. memory runs dry. In 1960 Colonel Runge and his wife moved to Frankfurt, where he opened a tavern and where their son was born. Neighbors remember him as a solid family man with a sense of humor who liked to talk science and politics, go dancing and lift a glass or two of beer. Soon he sold the tavern and invested in a slot-machine and juke-box business. The neighbor who knew Colonel Runge best was Wolf- gang Hochrieser, 27, a mechan- ic who met him in 1960. Mr. Hochrieser made the rounds twice weekly with Mr. "Gast," checking and servicing the vending machines. Last summer when the Runges de- parted he took over the business. "I didn't have the slightest