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Symphony Sounds It S y m p h o n y S o u n d s April 2010 43rd Season, Number 3 Editor: Kenneth Gash Concert III hose of you who have heard our Tmaestro talk may have noticed that he Sunday, April 18 at 7:00 PM takes his music very seriously, but he also has a decided sense of humor. He has titled Rolling Hills Covenant Church the April concert “Divine Comedy” and has 2222 Palos Verdes Drive North chosen musical selections to illustrate both Rolling Hills Estates his humorous and his serious perspectives. PROGRAM Music Preview Divine Comedy Johann Strauss Jr. (1825-1899) J. Strauss Jr. Artists Quadrille, Op. 201 Mozart A Musical Joke, K. 522 Everyone knows that Strauss composed waltzes and polkas, but what about a Schickele Eine kleine Nichtmusik composition written by Strauss in which all of Tchaikovsky Francesca da Rimini, Op. 32 the music was composed by someone else? CONCERT DETAILS To explain how this piece came about, we have to have some understanding of what a Symphony Association members admitted at “quadrille” is. The term quadrille came to 6:00. Center-section priority seating is reserved th for members at the Patron level and above. exist in the 17 century within military Concert Preview by Gary Berkson at 6:15 PM parades, where four horsemen and their horses performed special square-shaped General public will be admitted at approximately 6:50 PM formations or figures. This performance became very popular and in the 18th century POST-CONCERT MEET THE CONDUCTOR people began to dance quadrilles (without horses). If you have ever seen a period After the concert, the audience is invited to movie where there is a formal ball, you remain in the auditorium and meet informally probably saw groups of four pairs of dancers with our Conductor, Gary Berkson, who may describing intricate patterns and movements make a few remarks about himself and the - the quadrille. When the quadrille moved to program, then the audience will have an the New World, it evolved into the square opportunity to ask questions. dance. This dance form became so popular that composers had to continually write music for 2 Symphony Sounds it. Johann Strauss Jr. composed who, if they didn’t hit the notes that he wrote, approximately 88 quadrilles. The music was it might make it sound “right.” usually adapted from popular tunes and was arranged in such a way as to Because of its sophisticated simplicity, A accommodate the intricate dance steps. Musical Joke amuses theorists and laypeople alike. The piece is very skillfully written and As you listen to the Artist’s Quadrille, you perhaps Mozart just wanted to be able, for will recognize many familiar tunes but, once, to abandon the rules and have some since each consists of only eight (or musical fun. sometimes sixteen) bars, you have to be quick to identify them. Peter Schickele (born 1935) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) The composer of the third piece of this concert is still very much alive. Peter Anyone who has seen the play or the movie Schickele is still composing and his current Amadeus knows that Mozart was well concert tour, from January through May, aware of his own abilities and he was quite consists of fifteen concerts in fourteen cities contemptuous of composers who didn’t (Pasadena got him twice in February) measure up to his standards. He was also throughout the country. known as a practical joker, often at the expense of his friends. Many people know of him through his parodic persona, P. D. Q. Bach. According to legend, During Mozart’s time, music was well in 1954, Professor Peter Schickele, structured and audiences knew what to rummaging around a Bavarian castle in expect. If he was composing music to be search of rare musical gems, happened played in Paris, for example, it had to instead upon a piece of manuscript being comply with certain structural rules which employed as a strainer in the caretaker's made it sound French. Imagine how such percolator. This turned out to be the "Sanka" an audience might react on hearing this Cantata by one P.D.Q. Bach. The musical piece in which Mozart intentionally violates world has never been the same since then. elementary laws of composition, such as creating consecutive fifths and octaves. He He actually is an internationally recognized also doubles parts without accounting for composer, musician, author and satirist, who texture, to create overly intrusive blends all levels of American music in his accompaniment in some sections. Twice in compositions. His works (not including those the Finale, music goes on for thirty bars of P. D. Q. Bach) number over one hundred, without any real motivation, making it sound many of which were produced on as if the composer is lost and doesn’t know commission from major orchestras and how to progress any further. chamber groups. He graduated from one of the most prestigious liberal arts colleges, Some of the jests are very subtle, such as Swarthmore, where he was the only music rhythmic imbalances in the second major. He went on to graduate from the movement, which would have made a Juilliard School with an M. S. in musical sophisticated listener very uncomfortable composition; he also taught at Juilliard for while producing a vague sense of four years. wrongness in others. Playing the very carefully designed “wrong” notes and rhythms requires great skill from the players 3 Symphony Sounds Eine Kleine Nichtmusik was published during the last fifteen years of his life (from under his own name, Prof. Peter Schickele. 1308 to 1321), he called it simply It is a brilliant musical parody of Eine Kleine Commedia, which translates as “Comedy” Nachtmusik written as a tribute to another in English. It wasn’t until over two centuries musical joker, W. A. Mozart. (Mozart’s Eine later that the word “Divine” was added Kleine was written at the same time as his presumably to stress the importance of the Musical Joke.) Like the Artist’s Quadrille, it work. Within this work, Francesca and is a medley of snippets from well over fifty Paolo are only two of many hundreds of compositions, classical, popular and folk. characters portrayed and their story is The difference is that these are “intrusions” anything but comedic. (some only a few notes long) superimposed on the Mozart serenade which is played Classical Greeks and Romans used the “straight.” word "comedy" to describe stage plays with happy endings; in the Middle Ages, I don’t know what prompted Prof. Schickele the term expanded to include narrative to compose this piece, but perhaps he saw poems with happy endings. Hence, since that Mozart used only string players in his Dante’s epic journey through Hell, serenade, and he wanted the brass and Purgatory and Paradise ends with him woodwinds to have something to do as meeting God, it has a happy ending, and well. qualifies as comedy. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) Tchaikovsky was not the only creative soul to be inspired by this tale. Among other The full title of the final piece of this concert artistic portrayals of this tragic pair is is Francesca da Rimini: Symphonic Fantasy Auguste Rodin’s statue The Kiss which he after Dante. In this symphonic poem originally titled Francesca da Rimini. Tchaikovsky presents an interpretation of the tragic tale of Francesca da Rimini, a beauty who was immortalized in Dante's Divine Comedy. Francesca was a Past Events noblewoman who fell in love with Paolo, the brother of her ugly husband. After the Second Concert lovers were discovered and killed in revenge by the husband, they were The second concert with our new Music condemned to Hell for their adulterous Director/Conductor took place on February passions. In their damnation, the lovers are 21, 2010, with a program entitled “An trapped in a violent storm but separated Intimate Evening.” The orchestra forces from each other, never to touch again. employed did not include any trombones or tubas and, although the orchestra was How did Gary decide to include this tragic “intimate” in size, it produced a beautiful music in a program devoted to comedy? sound that filled the hall. Our conductor, as you may have noticed, does not always take the conventional The lively (and lovely) music of Vaughan approach. The theme he chose for this Williams, The Wasps, opened the program concert, The Divine Comedy, provides us and this was followed by Haydn’s Farewell with the link. Symphony. Even though Gary warned the audience about what to expect in the final When Dante Alighieri created the work movement, many audience members were 4 Symphony Sounds surprised and amused when the orchestra Dress Rehearsal gradually disappeared from the stage. Students from the 15th Street Elementary After intermission, principal clarinetist David School of San Pedro were able once again Nicholson assumed the role of soloist to to attend the dress rehearsal preceding the perform Mozart’s Clarinet Concerto. concert. There were also a few adults in Mozart's love of the smooth and sensuous attendance but there are still plenty of clarinet is well known, and David brought seats left. If you have children or grandchildren that you would like to help introduce to classical music, you should consider bringing them to a dress rehearsal. The informal setting and the opportunity to ask questions provides a relaxed atmosphere to hear some great music and see how an orchestra prepares to perform it. that love into his playing. David appeared totally relaxed as he articulated the demanding passages contained in the music while the beautiful ensemble work of the orchestra provided a perfect balance.
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