DOCSLIB.ORG

The Works of Joseph Butler : Divided Into Sections ; with Sectional

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Works of Joseph Butler : Divided Into Sections ; with Sectional BUTLERS WORKS GLADSTONE t VOL. I. Bonbon HENRY FROWDE, M.A. Publisher to the University of Oxford Qtew $orft THE MACMII.LAN COMPANY THE WORKS JOSEPH BUTLER, D.C.L. SOMETIME LORD BISHOP OF DURHAM INTO WITH DIVIDED SECTIONS J SECTIONAL HEADINGS AN INDEX TO EACH VOLUME; AND SOME OCCASIONAL NOTES ALSO PREFATORY MATTER EDITED BY THE RIGHT HON. W. E. GLADSTONE Cuius sacra fcro ingenti perculsus amore IN TWO VOLUMES VOL. I: AXJLOGY, ETC. > ^ Ojrfort AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1897 5037. Oxford PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON TRESS BY HORACE HART, M.A. rRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY THE ANALOGY OF RELIGION NATURAL AND REVEALED CONSTITUTION AND COURSE OF NATURE TO WHICH ARE ADDED TWO BRIEF DISSERTATIONS-, I. OF PERSONAL IDENTITY II. OF THE NATURE OF VIRTUE ; AND A CORRESPONDENCE WITH DR. SAMUEL CLARKE JOSEPH BUTLER, D.C.L. SOMETIME LORD BISHOP OF DURHAM EDITED BY THE RIGHT HON. W. E. GLADSTONE rforo AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1897 EDITOR'S PEEFACE rPHE purpose with which this edition of Bishop Butler's Works is published, is to give readier access to the substance and meaning of those works than the student has heretofore enjoyed. The reasons why such access should be afforded, and that in the largest possible degree, are too wide for statement in a Preface, and will perhaps, be sufficiently understood from a collection of Essays which is meant promptly to follow the present publication. But it will be well to set forth the means which have been adopted. These are in brief as follows : 1. The Analogy, and the other works with slight exceptions, have been broken into sections. 2. Every section has been supplied with a heading, intended to assist the eye. and. as far as may be, the mind of the reader, by an indication of its contents. 3. Indexes to each Volume have been provided : and they are framed upon a separate perusal and following of the Text, as clo?e as the present Editor could make it. 4. He has ventured to arid a limited number of Xotes. in part explanatory, and in part illustrative. viii EDITOR'S PREFACE has added to Vol. II. The 5. An Appendix been several pieces which it contains are all of them either by Butler, or associated with his name. 6. The Text of the Analogy has been duly considered 7 under the supervision of the authorities of the Universit} Press, and with the aid furnished by Bishop Fitzgerald's edition of the Analogy (Dublin, 1849), in which many corrections of the current edition of 1844 were made, and a collation with the original text of 1736 was embodied. And now a few words with respect to some of these particulars. First, the labour of the Editor has in the aggregate been considerable. The smallest and least arduous part of it has also been that where he feels most sanguine as to the results. To provide the students of Butler with this facility for comparison and for reference, appeared to him nothing less than a glaring necessity. The embarrassment heretofore felt has been twofold : it has been experienced alike in perusing Butler, and in testing what has been written upon him. Dr. Whewell, in 1848, made a step towards it by pre- fixing to his edition of the Three Sermons on Human Nature a brief syllabus in seventy-nine heads. In six of the Fifteen 1849, publishing an edition of more Sermons, as the Six Sermons on Moral Subjects, he made a more daring advance, and divided each of them into a continuous series of paragraphs or articles regularly numbered, while he prefixed to them a cor- responding list in 160 sentences, each of a very few words. They were such as might have been printed as headings on the margin. Another editor, Dr. Angus, who has laboured on Butler with care and ability, perceived that something was EDITOR'S PREFACE IS wanted in order to afford easier access to the Analogy, Dr. and was struck l>y the example of WkeweU, but concluded that 'this plan seemed a liberty which lie was not justified in taking V And notwithstanding that this very same liberty has now been taken, and that on the largest scale, a tribute of sympathy may still l>e paid to the temper which made Dr. Angus feel that the mere body and figure of works such as those of Butler were to be handled with scruple and with reverence. It would have been well if the modesty of Butler had allowed him to anticipate that his leading productions would become classics in the philosophical theology of his country, and if he had accordingly furnished them with all facilities for perusal in the mode and form which he was of all men by far the best fitted to determine. But the dominant consideration with the present Editor has been this, that for want of an easily available power of reference from part to part of works so close in tissue and so profoundly charged with vital matter, the difficulty of mastering Butler has been seriously aggra- vated, if not multiplied manifold. Most of the editions are without index : but an index is an imperfect help, and the reference to a particular page, good for the particular edition, is valueless for every other. The consequence is that it is often necessary to spend half an hour in looking for a passage. And the further consequence is that, as a high tariff engenders smuggling, so readers, and even critics, of Butler are often compelled or induced to forgo this trouble, and let remote recollec- tion or vague impression shift for itself. It is indeed too easy to show how disastrously censors of Butler in 1 Preface to Angus's Butler. X EDITOR'S PREFACE some instances have failed to represent him correctly, owing, as I believe, to this cause. Without sectional divisions, would not our mani- pulation of the ancient philosophers be hopelessly em- 1 barrassed ? And yet who is there among them, unless perhaps Aristotle, the tissue of whose thought is closer than that of Butler? Secondly, with the plan of sectional division has been combined that of sectional headings. And here the Editor must admit that, while the task of framing them is of a one difficulty not to be wholly overcome (as far as his experience enables him to speak) by any amount of labour, the result may probably remain far from satisfactory. Still, on the one hand, these headings may often be useful to the of a searcher on guides eye ; and, the other hand, they may supply in a form more direct and easy, if less complete, the same description of help as is aimed at by a more formal analysis. Thirdly, as to Indexes. The Analogy, to which is subjoined the Clarke corre- spondence as well as the Two Dissertations, has so close a coherence in itself between every chapter, and indeed every sentence, that, although at numerous points it touches the same subject-matter as the Sermons, there is upon the whole a marked distinction : and it appeared desirable therefore to give a separate Index to each Volume. While perhaps no writer requires an index so much as Butler, it may be also said that for no writer is it more difficult to frame an index which shall answer its proper purpose. A number of indexes have been framed for the Analogy. I do not remember any for the Sermons, which however also require this auxiliary. But what is the proper basis of an index? \<>t to EDITORS PREFACE XX present an exhaustive analysis, but rather to supply an aid to the memory of the student. The student ought to find in the several items of an index, under the most of natural and (so to speak) salient heads, every point his author's text to which it is likely that, in default of exact recollection, he may desire to refer. This has been the conception or plan on which these Indexes but the task is have been constructed ; difficult, and, though labour has not been spared, the execution may be far from perfect. Fourthly, this edition is also provided with occasional Notes. Their purpose is limited, and their number not very large. Dr. Angus indicates in his brief Preface three, indeed four, purposes of his notes, which may here be repeated in substance. First, to give the history of opinions with which the text has dealt. Secondly, to trace the influ- ence of Butler himself on later writers. Thirdly, to question or qualify his arguments, or to explain his expressions. Fourthly, to make good deficiencies in point of evangelical tone. It appeai-s, however, highly desirable that the student of Butler should not be burdened with unnecessary or distracting notes. In the case of great works like these, as in the case of the Ethics of Aristotle, a mass of notes encumbers and obstructs the road to the author's meaning, which may be accessible enough with the aid of close attention and free reference. The student ought not to find extraneous matter too largely interposed between it and his mind. The last of the heads above given is. in the view of the present Editor, illegitimate and causeless. The second, which would open a very wide field, does not seem well suited to fragmentary discussion. The first is useful on account of the amount xn EDITOR'S PREFACE of tacit reference to prior writers, which Butler, in his anxiety to avoid controversy, lias embodied without names in his text but it to indi- ; should be confined cating immediate sources.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018
    Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018 Conforming to General Convention 2018 1 Preface Christians have since ancient times honored men and women whose lives represent heroic commitment to Christ and who have borne witness to their faith even at the cost of their lives. Such witnesses, by the grace of God, live in every age. The criteria used in the selection of those to be commemorated in the Episcopal Church are set out below and represent a growing consensus among provinces of the Anglican Communion also engaged in enriching their calendars. What we celebrate in the lives of the saints is the presence of Christ expressing itself in and through particular lives lived in the midst of specific historical circumstances. In the saints we are not dealing primarily with absolutes of perfection but human lives, in all their diversity, open to the motions of the Holy Spirit. Many a holy life, when carefully examined, will reveal flaws or the bias of a particular moment in history or ecclesial perspective. It should encourage us to realize that the saints, like us, are first and foremost redeemed sinners in whom the risen Christ’s words to St. Paul come to fulfillment, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.” The “lesser feasts” provide opportunities for optional observance. They are not intended to replace the fundamental celebration of Sunday and major Holy Days. As the Standing Liturgical Commission and the General Convention add or delete names from the calendar, successive editions of this volume will be published, each edition bearing in the title the date of the General Convention to which it is a response.
    [Show full text]
  • THE INFLUENCE of BISHOP BUTLER on RELIGIOUS THOUGHT JOHN L. MURPHY St
    THE INFLUENCE OF BISHOP BUTLER ON RELIGIOUS THOUGHT JOHN L. MURPHY St. Francis Seminary, Milwaukee AMONG THE many problems which have continued to face the ¿^Christian world the last three centuries, none is more frequently encountered than that which treats of the relationship between faith and reason. While the sixteenth-century Reformers remained far from a creedless Christianity, their spiritual descendants were, like the Catholics, faced with a new and more far-reaching attack on Chris­ tianity within the very first century following the rise of Protestantism. By the time of Descartes's death in 1650, the stage was all but set for the deistic and rationalistic attempts to reduce Christianity to the realm of natural religion itself. In this period of history, specific lines of thought appeared which were to profoundly influence the religious debates of the future.1 The Kantian reaction to deism was to open the way to the immanentist approach to religion which solidified in such men as Schleiermacher and found its most frank expression in nine­ teenth-century Liberal Protestantism and in its Catholic cousin, Modernism. On the other hand, the Kantian rationalism went on to find a different form of expression in the theopantism of Hegel, only to draw forth the violent opposition of such men as Kierkegaard, leading to the more existentialist concerns of the present.2 Throughout this entire period, however, one element continued to reappear in the many varied discussions: the role of history in relation­ ship to Christian faith. Finding its roots in history, the Christian faith has frequently tended to lapse into an understanding of the certitude of faith that would identify it with that certitude proper to historical conclusions; it was this tendency which continually provoked a series of reactions, coming up to the present moment, in which those who despaired of rooting the certitude of faith in history attempted to come 1 Cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Coversheet for Thesis in Sussex Research Online
    A University of Sussex PhD thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details ‘Providence and Political Economy’: Josiah Tucker’s Providential Argument for Free Trade Peter Xavier Price PhD Thesis in Intellectual History University of Sussex April 2016 2 University of Sussex Peter Xavier Price Submitted for the award of a PhD in Intellectual History ‘Providence and Political Economy’: Josiah Tucker’s Providential Argument for Free Trade Thesis Summary Josiah Tucker, who was the Anglican Dean of Gloucester from 1758 until his death in 1799, is best known as a political pamphleteer, controversialist and political economist. Regularly called upon by Britain’s leading statesmen, and most significantly the Younger Pitt, to advise them on the best course of British economic development, in a large variety of writings he speculated on the consequences of North American independence for the global economy and for international relations; upon the complicated relations between small and large states; and on the related issue of whether low wage costs in poor countries might always erode the competitive advantage of richer nations, thereby establishing perpetual cycles of rise and decline.
    [Show full text]
  • Download 1 File
    GHT tie 17, United States Code) r reproductions of copyrighted Ttain conditions. In addition, the works by means of various ents, and proclamations. iw, libraries and archives are reproduction. One of these 3r reproduction is not to be "used :holarship, or research." If a user opy or reproduction for purposes able for copyright infringement. to accept a copying order if, in its involve violation of copyright law. CTbc Minivers U^ of Cbicatjo Hibrcmes LIGHTFOOT OF DURHAM LONDON Cambridge University Press FETTER LANE NEW YORK TORONTO BOMBAY CALCUTTA MADRAS Macmillan TOKYO Maruzen Company Ltd All rights reserved Phot. Russell BISHOP LIGHTFOOT IN 1879 LIGHTFOOT OF DURHAM Memories and Appreciations Collected and Edited by GEORGE R. D.D. EDEN,M Fellow Pembroke Honorary of College, Cambridge formerly Bishop of Wakefield and F. C. MACDONALD, M.A., O.B.E. Honorary Canon of Durham Cathedral Rector of Ptirleigb CAMBRIDGE AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1933 First edition, September 1932 Reprinted December 1932 February PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN 1037999 IN PIAM MEMORIAM PATRIS IN DEO HONORATISSIMI AMANTISSIMI DESIDERATISSIMI SCHEDULAS HAS QUALESCUNQUE ANNOS POST QUADRAGINTA FILII QUOS VOCITABAT DOMUS SUAE IMPAR TRIBUTUM DD BISHOP LIGHTFOOT S BOOKPLATE This shews the Bishop's own coat of arms impaled^ with those of the See, and the Mitre set in a Coronet, indicating the Palatinate dignity of Durham. Though the Bookplate is not the Episcopal seal its shape recalls the following extract from Fuller's Church 5 : ense History (iv. 103) 'Dunelmia sola, judicat et stola. "The Bishop whereof was a Palatine, or Secular Prince, and his seal in form resembleth Royalty in the roundness thereof and is not oval, the badge of plain Episcopacy." CONTENTS .
    [Show full text]
  • History of European Ideas “Knowledge of Divine Things”: a Study Of
    This article was downloaded by: [Bilkent University] On: 15 June 2015, At: 06:52 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK History of European Ideas Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rhei20 “Knowledge of divine things”: a study of Hutchinsonianism C.D.A. Leighton a a Our Lady of England Priory, School Lane , Storrington, West Sussex , RH20 4LN , UK Published online: 03 Jan 2012. To cite this article: C.D.A. Leighton (2000) “Knowledge of divine things”: a study of Hutchinsonianism, History of European Ideas, 26:3-4, 159-175, DOI: 10.1016/ S0191-6599(01)00016-X To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0191-6599(01)00016-X PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content.
    [Show full text]
  • The Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed to the Constitution and Course of Nature to Which Are Added, Two Brief Dissertations
    The Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed to the Constitution and Course of Nature to Which Are Added, Two Brief Dissertations Author(s): Butler, Joseph (1692-1752) Publisher: Grand Rapids, MI: Christian Classics Ethereal Library Description: Butler, a respected clergyman and philosopher himself, influ- enced some of the greatest English-speaking thinkers of his time, including David Hume, Thomas Reid, and Adam Smith. The Analogy of Religion is a work of apologetics, directed at a deist audience. Butler hopes to convince the many deist scholars and public figures of his day that returning to Christian orthodoxy is indeed rational. As he proceeds, he provides more and more evidence for orthodoxy over deism, arguing that a personal rather than a detached God is more likely to exist. Butler did not seek to embellish his language with flowery phrases, and his prose is very straightforward. Kathleen O'Bannon CCEL Staff Subjects: Doctrinal theology Apologetics. Evidences of Christianity i Contents Title Page 1 Prefatory Material 3 Advertisement Prefixed to the First Edition. 4 Letter to the Reverend Dr. Thomas Balguy. 5 Preface by the Editor. 7 The Life of Dr. Butler. 32 Introduction 38 The Analogy of Religion 45 Part I. Of Natural Religion. 46 Chapter I. Of a Future Life. 47 Chapter II. Of the Government of God by Rewards and Punishments; and 59 Particularly of the Latter. Chapter III. Of the Moral Government of God. 67 Chapter IV. Of a State of Probation, as Implying Trial, Difficulties, and Danger. 82 Chapter V. Of a State of Probation, as Intended for Moral Discipline and 87 Improvement.
    [Show full text]
  • The Apologetic Structure of Butler's Analogy
    THE APOtOGETIC STRUCTURE OF BUTLER'S ~rnALOGY i THE APOLOGETIC STRUCTURE O.F BISHOP BUTLER'S ANALOGY by ~ERRANCE Fo RIGELHOF, BoA., B.xli., S .. T .. B. A The.sis Submittled to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in Par~ial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the lDegree Master of Arts McMaster Unive~sity August, 1968 HASTER OF ARTS I (1968) NcMASTER UNIVERSITY (Religion) Hamilton, Ontario. AUTHOR: Terrance F. Rige1hof, B.A. (University of Saskatchewan) B.Th.(University of Ottawa} S.T.B. (University of St. Paul) SUPERVISOR: Hr~ L. I. Greenspan NU1'IBER OF PAGE$: ix, 81 TAnLE OF CONTE*TS: Introduction page iv Chapter I - 4- History of the Question page 1 Chapter II - The Ana1ogx: Situation and Purpose page 22 I Chapter III - The Analogy: Argument and Structure page 40 Chapter TV - Conclusion page 65 Appendix page 76 page 79 (ii) To Ann" my l~ife. (iii) INTRODUC1l'ION This thesis attempts to ascertain the apologetic I structure of BisllOP Joseph Butler's Analogy': of Religion, , Natural and Revealed,I to the Constitution and Course of 1 Nature. As suc~, it is, a1b first glance, a rather simple project fo~r it seeks nothin~~ more than to delineate the general argumentiof a book, typify the assent that argument seeks to elicit, ,and establish the criticisms it is directed against. However, the matter is not so simple and straight- forward as it fi~"st appears .. Butler's Analogy was first published in 1736. Thus, I it is an old booR: and its a~~e occasions difficulties. Its style, presuppositions, and concerns are somewhat removed from the contemp~rary scheme o>f things and if they are to be understood and appreciated the temporal gulf must be bridged.
    [Show full text]
  • The Commemoration of Founders and Benefactors at the Heart of Durham: City, County and Region
    The Commemoration of Founders and Benefactors at the heart of Durham: City, County and Region Address: Professor Stuart Corbridge Vice-Chancellor University of Durham Sunday 22 November 2020 3.30 p.m. VOLUMUS PRÆTEREA UT EXEQUIÆ SINGULIS ANNIS PERPETUIS TEMPORIBUS IN ECCLESIA DUNELMENSI, CONVOCATIS AD EAS DECANO OMNIBUS CANONICIS ET CÆTERIS MINISTRIS SCHOLARIBUS ET PAUPERIBUS, PRO ANIMABUS CHARISSIMORUM PROGENITORUM NOSTRORUM ET OMNIUM ANTIQUI CŒNOBII DUNELMENSIS FUNDATORUM ET BENEFACTORUM, VICESIMO SEPTIMO DIE JANUARII CUM MISSÂ IN CRASTINO SOLENNITER CELEBRENTUR. Moreover it is our will that each year for all time in the cathedral church of Durham on the twenty-seventh day of January, solemn rites of the dead shall be held, together with mass on the following day, for the souls of our dearest ancestors and of all the founders and benefactors of the ancient convent of Durham, to which shall be summoned the dean, all the canons, and the rest of the ministers, scholars and poor men. Cap. 34 of Queen Mary’s Statutes of Durham Cathedral, 1554 Translated by Canon Dr David Hunt, March 2014 2 Welcome Welcome to the annual commemoration of Founders and Benefactors. This service gives us an opportunity to celebrate those whose generosity in the past has enriched the lives of Durham’s great institutions today and to look forward to a future that is full of opportunity. On 27 January 1914, the then Dean, Herbert Hensley Henson, revived the Commemoration of Founders and Benefactors. It had been written into the Cathedral Statutes of 1554 but for whatever reason had not been observed for centuries.
    [Show full text]
  • Maryland Historical Magazine, 1930, Volume 25, Issue No. 1
    A SC &&• 1? MARYLAND HlSTOEICAL MAGAZIISrE PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY VOLUME XXV BALTIMORE 1930 CONTENTS OF VOLUME XXV. A REGISTER OP THE CABINET MAKERS AND ALLIED TRADES IN MARY- LAND AS SHOWN BY THE NEWSPAPERS AND DIRECTORIES, 1746 TO 1820. By Henry J. Berkley, M.D., 1 COLONIAL RECORDS OP WORCESTER COUNTY. Contributed iy Louis Dow Scisco, 28 DESCENDANTS OP FRANCIS CALVERT (1751-1823). By John Bailey Culvert Nicklin, ------ ---30 REV. MATTHEW HILL TO RICHARD BAXTER, 49 EXTRACTS PROM ACCOUNT AND LETTER BOOKS OP DR. CHARLES CARROLL, OP ANNAPOLIS, 53, 284 BENJAMIN HENRY LATKOBE TO DAVID ESTB, 77 PROCEEDINGS OP THE SOCIETY, ------ 78, 218, 410 NOTES, CORRECTIONS, ETC., 95, 222, 319 LIST OP MEMBERS OP THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY, - - 97 SOMETHING MOKE OP THE GREAT CONPEDERATB GENERAL, " STONE- WALL " JACKSON AND ONE OP HIS HUMBLE FOLLOWERS IN THE SOUTH OF YESTERYEAR. By DeCourcy W. Thorn, - - 129 DURHAM COUNTY: LORD BALTIMORE'S ATTEMPT AT SETTLEMENT OP HIS LANDS ON THE DELAWARE BAY, 1670-1685. By Percy O. Skirven, ---------- 157 A SKETCH OP THOMAS HARWOOD ALEXANDER, CHANCERY COUNCEL- LOR OP MARYLAND, 1801-1871. By Henry J. Berkley, - - 167 EDUCATION AND THE MARYLAND CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION, 1850-1851. By L. E. Blauch, 169 THE COMMISSARY IN COLONIAL MARYLAND. By Edith E. MacQueen, 190 COLONIAL RECORDS OP FREDERICK COUNTY. Contributed by Louis Dow Sisco, 206 MARYLAND RENT ROLLS, 209 EDUCATION AND THE MARYLAND CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION, 1864. By L. E. Blauch, 225 THE ABINGTONS OF ST. MARY'S AND CALVERT COUNTIES. By Henry J. Berkley, 251 BALTIMORE COUNTY RECORDS OF 1668 AND 1669.
    [Show full text]
  • Joseph Butler from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Joseph Butler From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other people named Joseph Butler, see Joseph Butler (disambiguation). The Rt Revd Joseph Butler Bishop of Durham Engraving of Butler. Diocese Diocese of Durham In office October 1750 (confirmed)[1] – 1752 (death) Predecessor Edward Chandler Successor Richard Trevor Other posts Bishop of Bristol (19 October 1738 {nominated}–1750) Dean of St Paul's (24 May 1740 {installed}–1750)[1] Personal details Born 18 May 1692 Wantage, Berkshire, England Died 16 June 1752 (aged 60) Bath, Somerset, Great Britain Buried 20 June 1752,[1] Bristol Cathedral[2] Nationality English (later British) Denomination Anglican Residence Rosewell House, Kingsmead Square, Bath (at death) Parents Thomas Butler[1] Spouse unmarried Profession theologian, apologist,philosopher (see below) Alma mater Oriel College, Oxford Sainthood Feast day 16 June (commemoration) Joseph Butler Era 18th-century philosophy Region Western Philosophy School British Empiricism, Christian philosophy Influences[show] Influenced[show] [show]Ordination history of Joseph Butler Joseph Butler (18 May 1692 – 16 June 1752) was an English bishop, theologian, apologist, and philosopher. He was born in Wantage in the English county ofBerkshire (now Oxfordshire). He is known, among other things, for his critique of Thomas Hobbes's egoism and John Locke's theory of personal identity.[4] During his life and after his death, Butler influenced many philosophers, including David Hume, Thomas Reid, and Adam Smith.[5] Contents [hide] 1 Life 2 Works o 2.1 Design argument o 2.2 Criticism of Locke 3 Death and legacy 4 Publications 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References and further reading 8 External links Life[edit] The son of a Presbyterian linen-draper, he was destined for the ministry of that church, and—along with future archbishop Thomas Secker—entered Samuel Jones's dissenting academy at Gloucester (later Tewkesbury) for that purpose.
    [Show full text]
  • Friends Acquisitions 1964-2018
    Acquired with the Aid of the Friends Manuscripts 1964: Letter from John Dury (1596-1660) to the Evangelical Assembly at Frankfurt-am- Main, 6 August 1633. The letter proposes a general assembly of the evangelical churches. 1966: Two letters from Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury, to Nicholas of Lucca, 1413. Letter from Robert Hallum, Bishop of Salisbury concerning Nicholas of Lucca, n.d. 1966: Narrative by Leonardo Frescobaldi of a pilgrimage to the Holy Land in 1384. 1966: Survey of church goods in 33 parishes in the hundreds of Blofield and Walsham, Norfolk, 1549. 1966: Report of a debate in the House of Commons, 27 February 1593. From the Fairhurst Papers. 1967: Petition to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners by Miles Coverdale and others, 1565. From the Fairhurst Papers. 1967: Correspondence and papers of Christopher Wordsworth (1807-1885), Bishop of Lincoln. 1968: Letter from John Whitgift, Archbishop of Canterbury, to John Boys, 1599. 1968: Correspondence and papers of William Howley (1766-1848), Archbishop of Canterbury. 1969: Papers concerning the divorce of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. 1970: Papers of Richard Bertie, Marian exile in Wesel, 1555-56. 1970: Notebook of the Nonjuror John Leake, 1700-35. Including testimony concerning the birth of the Old Pretender. 1971: Papers of Laurence Chaderton (1536?-1640), puritan divine. 1971: Heinrich Bullinger, History of the Reformation. Sixteenth century copy. 1971: Letter from John Davenant, Bishop of Salisbury, to a minister of his diocese [1640]. 1971: Letter from John Dury to Mr. Ball, Preacher of the Gospel, 1639. 1972: ‘The examination of Valentine Symmes and Arthur Tamlin, stationers, … the Xth of December 1589’.
    [Show full text]
  • And Hume's "Guide of Life" Paul Russell
    Butler's "Future State" and Hume's "Guide of Life" Paul Russell Journal of the History of Philosophy, Volume 42, Number 4, October 2004, pp. 425-448 (Article) Published by Johns Hopkins University Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/hph.2004.0075 For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/173515 Access provided by The University of British Columbia Library (27 Aug 2018 06:30 GMT) BUTLER’ S “FUTURE STATE” AND HUME’ S “GUIDE OF LIFE” 425 Butler’s “Future State” and Hume’s “Guide of Life” P AUL RUSSELL* But it must be allowed just, to . argue from such facts as are known, to others that are like them; from that part of the Divine government over intelligent creatures which comes under our view, to that larger and more general government over them which is beyond it; and from what is present, to collect, what is likely, credible, or not incredible, will be hereafter. Joseph Butler, The Analogy of Religion Tis not, therefore, reason, which is the guide of life, but custom. That alone determines the mind, in all instances, to suppose the future conformable to the past. David Hume, An Abstract of A Treatise of Human Nature IT IS WIDELY HELD THAT ALTHOUGH Hume addressed problems of religion in his later philosophical writings, his Treatise has little substantial or direct concern with these problems, much less anything of a systematic character on this subject.1 This gen- eral claim is taken to include Hume’s famous discussion of probability and induc- tion. In this paper I argue, contrary to this view, that Hume’s contribution to this subject, as originally presented in Book One of the Treatise, is significantly moti- vated by irreligious objectives.
    [Show full text]