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Spatial Heterogeneous of Ecological Vulnerability in Arid and Semi-Arid Area: a Case of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
sustainability Article Spatial Heterogeneous of Ecological Vulnerability in Arid and Semi-Arid Area: A Case of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China Rong Li 1, Rui Han 1, Qianru Yu 1, Shuang Qi 2 and Luo Guo 1,* 1 College of the Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; [email protected] (R.L.); [email protected] (R.H.); [email protected] (Q.Y.) 2 Department of Geography, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117570, Singapore; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 25 April 2020; Accepted: 26 May 2020; Published: 28 May 2020 Abstract: Ecological vulnerability, as an important evaluation method reflecting regional ecological status and the degree of stability, is the key content in global change and sustainable development. Most studies mainly focus on changes of ecological vulnerability concerning the temporal trend, but rarely take arid and semi-arid areas into consideration to explore the spatial heterogeneity of the ecological vulnerability index (EVI) there. In this study, we selected the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region on the Loess Plateau of China, a typical arid and semi-arid area, as a case to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of the EVI every five years, from 1990 to 2015. Based on remote sensing data, meteorological data, and economic statistical data, this study first evaluated the temporal-spatial change of ecological vulnerability in the study area by Geo-information Tupu. Further, we explored the spatial heterogeneity of the ecological vulnerability using Getis-Ord Gi*. Results show that: (1) the regions with high ecological vulnerability are mainly concentrated in the north of the study area, which has high levels of economic growth, while the regions with low ecological vulnerability are mainly distributed in the relatively poor regions in the south of the study area. -
Appendix 1: Rank of China's 338 Prefecture-Level Cities
Appendix 1: Rank of China’s 338 Prefecture-Level Cities © The Author(s) 2018 149 Y. Zheng, K. Deng, State Failure and Distorted Urbanisation in Post-Mao’s China, 1993–2012, Palgrave Studies in Economic History, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92168-6 150 First-tier cities (4) Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou Shenzhen First-tier cities-to-be (15) Chengdu Hangzhou Wuhan Nanjing Chongqing Tianjin Suzhou苏州 Appendix Rank 1: of China’s 338 Prefecture-Level Cities Xi’an Changsha Shenyang Qingdao Zhengzhou Dalian Dongguan Ningbo Second-tier cities (30) Xiamen Fuzhou福州 Wuxi Hefei Kunming Harbin Jinan Foshan Changchun Wenzhou Shijiazhuang Nanning Changzhou Quanzhou Nanchang Guiyang Taiyuan Jinhua Zhuhai Huizhou Xuzhou Yantai Jiaxing Nantong Urumqi Shaoxing Zhongshan Taizhou Lanzhou Haikou Third-tier cities (70) Weifang Baoding Zhenjiang Yangzhou Guilin Tangshan Sanya Huhehot Langfang Luoyang Weihai Yangcheng Linyi Jiangmen Taizhou Zhangzhou Handan Jining Wuhu Zibo Yinchuan Liuzhou Mianyang Zhanjiang Anshan Huzhou Shantou Nanping Ganzhou Daqing Yichang Baotou Xianyang Qinhuangdao Lianyungang Zhuzhou Putian Jilin Huai’an Zhaoqing Ningde Hengyang Dandong Lijiang Jieyang Sanming Zhoushan Xiaogan Qiqihar Jiujiang Longyan Cangzhou Fushun Xiangyang Shangrao Yingkou Bengbu Lishui Yueyang Qingyuan Jingzhou Taian Quzhou Panjin Dongying Nanyang Ma’anshan Nanchong Xining Yanbian prefecture Fourth-tier cities (90) Leshan Xiangtan Zunyi Suqian Xinxiang Xinyang Chuzhou Jinzhou Chaozhou Huanggang Kaifeng Deyang Dezhou Meizhou Ordos Xingtai Maoming Jingdezhen Shaoguan -
Journal Pre-Proof
Journal Pre-proof Optimal temperature zone for the dispersal of COVID-19 Zhongwei Huang, Jianping Huang, Qianqing Gu, Pengyue Du, Hongbin Liang, Qing Dong PII: S0048-9697(20)33004-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139487 Reference: STOTEN 139487 To appear in: Science of the Total Environment Received date: 1 May 2020 Revised date: 9 May 2020 Accepted date: 15 May 2020 Please cite this article as: Z. Huang, J. Huang, Q. Gu, et al., Optimal temperature zone for the dispersal of COVID-19, Science of the Total Environment (2020), https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139487 This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. © 2020 Published by Elsevier. Journal Pre-proof Optimal temperature zone for the dispersal of COVID-19 Zhongwei Huang, Jianping Huang*, Qianqing Gu, Pengyue Du, Hongbin Liang, and Qing Dong Collaborative Innovation Center for West Ecological Safety (CIWES), College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China. *Corresponding author: Jiangping Huang ([email protected]). ABSTRACT It is essential to know the environmental parameters within which the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can survive to understand its global dispersal pattern.Journal We found that 60.0%Pre-proof of the confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in places where the air temperature ranged from 5°C to 15°C, with a peak in cases at 11.54°C. -
Ÿþm Icrosoft W
第 26 卷 第 9 期 农 业 工 程 学 报 Vol.26 No.9 72 2010 年 9 月 Transactions of the CSAE Sep. 2010 Models of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration in the loess hilly region of China Dang Xiaohu1,2,Liu Guobin2※,Xue Sha2,3 (1. School of Geology and Environment, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; 2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China; 3. Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-electric, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China) Abstract: Ecological degradation characterized by severe soil erosion and water loss is the most imposing ecological-economic issue in the Loess Hilly Region; the soil and water conservation (SWC) and ecological restoration are crucial solutions to this issue. It is of importance to explore SWC models for ecological reconstruction compatible with local socioeconomic and environmental conditions. The paper reviewed on SWC and ecological rehabilitation researches and practices and mainly concerned on eight small-scale (small catchments) models and Yan’an Meso-scale model in the Loess Hilly Region. To evaluate the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of these models, their validities were examined using the participatory rural appraisal. The results indicated that SWC and ecological restoration at different scales have played important roles both in local economic development and environmental improvement and provided an insight into sustainable economic development on the Loess plateau in the future. Furthermore, this paper strengthens our belief that, under improved socioeconomic conditions, SWC and ecological reconstruction can be made sustainable, leading to a reversal of the present ecological degradation. -
The Mishu Phenomenon: Patron-Client Ties and Coalition-Building Tactics
Li, China Leadership Monitor No.4 The Mishu Phenomenon: Patron-Client Ties and Coalition-Building Tactics Cheng Li China’s ongoing political succession has been filled with paradoxes. Jockeying for power among various factions has been fervent and protracted, but the power struggle has not led to a systemic crisis as it did during the reigns of Mao and Deng. While nepotism and favoritism in elite recruitment have become prevalent, educational credentials and technical expertise are also essential. Regional representation has gained importance in the selection of Central Committee members, but leaders who come from coastal regions will likely dominate the new Politburo. Regulations such as term limits and an age requirement for retirement have been implemented at various levels of the Chinese leadership, but these rules and norms will perhaps not restrain the power of Jiang Zemin, the 76-year-old “new paramount leader.” While the military’s influence on political succession has declined during the past decade, the Central Military Commission is still very powerful. Not surprisingly, these paradoxical developments have led students of Chinese politics to reach contrasting assessments of the nature of this political succession, the competence of the new leadership, and the implications of these factors for China’s future. This diversity of views is particularly evident regarding the ubiquitous role of mishu in the Chinese leadership. The term mishu, which literally means “secretary” in Chinese, refers to a range of people who differ significantly from each other in terms of the functions they fulfill, the leadership bodies they serve, and the responsibilities given to them. -
Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level
Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level Corresponding Type Chinese Court Region Court Name Administrative Name Code Code Area Supreme People’s Court 最高人民法院 最高法 Higher People's Court of 北京市高级人民 Beijing 京 110000 1 Beijing Municipality 法院 Municipality No. 1 Intermediate People's 北京市第一中级 京 01 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Shijingshan Shijingshan District People’s 北京市石景山区 京 0107 110107 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Haidian District of Haidian District People’s 北京市海淀区人 京 0108 110108 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Mentougou Mentougou District People’s 北京市门头沟区 京 0109 110109 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Changping Changping District People’s 北京市昌平区人 京 0114 110114 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Yanqing County People’s 延庆县人民法院 京 0229 110229 Yanqing County 1 Court No. 2 Intermediate People's 北京市第二中级 京 02 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Dongcheng Dongcheng District People’s 北京市东城区人 京 0101 110101 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Xicheng District Xicheng District People’s 北京市西城区人 京 0102 110102 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Fengtai District of Fengtai District People’s 北京市丰台区人 京 0106 110106 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality 1 Fangshan District Fangshan District People’s 北京市房山区人 京 0111 110111 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Daxing District of Daxing District People’s 北京市大兴区人 京 0115 -
Occurrence of Trichophyton Verrucosum in Cattle in the Ningxia
Guo et al. BMC Veterinary Research (2020) 16:187 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02403-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Occurrence of Trichophyton verrucosum in cattle in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region, China Yanan Guo1, Song Ge1, Haifeng Luo1, Atif Rehman1, Yong Li2 and Shenghu He1* Abstract Background: Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is an important cattle breeding area in China, and cattle breeding bases are located in this area. In Ningxia, dermatophytes have not been paid attention to, so dermatophytosis is becoming more and more serious. For effective control measures, it is important to determine the disease prevalence and isolate and identify the pathogenic microorganism. Results: The study showed the prevalence of dermatophytes was 15.35% (74/482). The prevalence in calf was higher than adult cattle (p < 0.05). The morbidity was the highest in winter compared with autumn (p < 0.0001), summer (p < 0.05) and spring (p < 0.0001). The prevalence in Guyuan was the highest compared with Yinchuan (p < 0.05) and Shizuishan (p < 0.05). The incidence of lesions on the face, head, neck, trunk and whole body was 20.43, 38.71, 20.43, 10.75 and 9.68%, respectively. From all samples, the isolation rate of Trichophyton was highest (61.1%). The phylogenetic tree constructed showed that the 11 pathogenic fungi were on the same branch as Trichophyton verrucosum. Conclusions: This study reports, for the first time, the presence of Trichophyton verrucosum in cattle in Ningxia and showed that the incidence of dermatophytosis is related to different regions, ages and seasons. -
中國中鐵股份有限公司 CHINA RAILWAY GROUP LIMITED (A Joint Stock Limited Company Incorporated in the People’S Republic of China with Limited Liability) (Stock Code: 390)
Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited take no responsibility for the contents of this announcement, make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this announcement. 中國中鐵股份有限公司 CHINA RAILWAY GROUP LIMITED (A joint stock limited company incorporated in the People’s Republic of China with limited liability) (Stock Code: 390) This overseas regulatory announcement is made pursuant to Rule 13.10B of the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited. Please refer to the attached “Announcement of China Railway Group Limited on Winning of Bids for Material Projects” published by China Railway Group Limited on the Shanghai Stock Exchange website on 30 March 2020 for your information. By Order of the Board China Railway Group Limited Zhang Zongyan Chairman 30 March 2020 As at the date of this announcement, the executive directors of the Company are ZHANG Zongyan (Chairman), CHEN Yun and ZHANG Xian; the independent non-executive directors are GUO Peizhang, WEN Baoman, ZHENG Qingzhi and CHUNG Shui Ming Timpson; and the non- executive director is MA Zonglin. A Shares Stock Code: 601390 A Shares Stock Name: China Railway Announcement No.: H Shares Stock Code: 00390 H Shares Stock Name: China Railway Lin 2020-024 Announcement of China Railway Group Limited on Winning of Bids for Material Projects The board of directors of China Railway Group Limited (the “Company”) and all the directors hereby undertake that this announcement does not have any false or misleading statements or any material omissions, and assume the joint and several liabilities for the truthfulness, accuracy and completeness of the contents. -
Taiyuan-Zhongwei Railway Project
Social Monitoring Report Annual Report March 2011 PRC: Taiyuan-Zhongwei Railway Project Prepared by Research Institute of Foreign Capital Introduction and Utilization, Southwest Jiaotong University for the Ministry of Railways and the Asian Development Bank. This social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Asian Development Bank Loan Taiyuan-Zhongwei-Yinchuan Railway Construction Project External Monitoring Report on Social Development Action Plan Phase IV The Research Institute of Foreign Capital Introduction and Utilization, Southwest Jiaotong University (RIFCIU-SWJTU) March 2011 External Monitoring Report on Social Development Action Plan of Taiyuan-Zhongwei-Yinchuan Railway Project (Phase IV) Table of Contents 1 SUMMARY OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION.................................................................................4 1.1 SMOOTH GOING OF PROJECT CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS.............................................................................. 4 1.2 GENERAL COMPLETION OF RESETTLEMENT................................................................................................. -
Spatial–Temporal Matching Characteristics Between Agricultural Water and Land Resources in Ningxia, Northwest China
water Article Spatial–Temporal Matching Characteristics between Agricultural Water and Land Resources in Ningxia, Northwest China Jie Du 1,2, Zhaohui Yang 2,*, Hao Wang 1,2,*, Guiyu Yang 2 and Shuoyang Li 2 1 Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (Z.Y.); [email protected] (H.W.); Tel.: +86-10-6878-5708 (Z.Y. & H.W.) Received: 11 June 2019; Accepted: 13 July 2019; Published: 14 July 2019 Abstract: Agricultural water and land resources are key elements of human production and their unbalanced distribution has threatened the sustainable development of agriculture and regional food security. This study is aiming to investigate the spatial–temporal changes of matching characteristics between agricultural water and land resources in Ningxia during 2007 to 2017. The agricultural irrigation water (AIW), farmland area (FA) and effective irrigated area (EIA) were selected as quantity parameters for agricultural water and land resource. Results show that the gravity centers of AIW and EIA both moved in the southeast direction, while the gravity center of FA moved northwestward, which indicated a better spatial matching degree between AIW and EIA. According to the Gini coefficient and total spatial mismatch index, the spatial mismatch between AIW and FA of Ningxia was remedied and that of AIW and EIA was worse. -
Peoples Republic of China: Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project
Project Administration Manual Project Number: 44035 Loan Number: Lxxxx-PRC November 2012 Peoples Republic of China: Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project ii CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS v I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1 A. Basic Project Description 1 B. Rationale, Location, and Beneficiaries 1 C. Impact and Outcome 4 D. Outputs 4 E. Special Features of the Project 8 II. IMPLEMENTATION PLANS 9 A. Project Readiness Activities 9 B. Overall Project Implementation Plan 10 III. PROJECT MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS 11 A. Project Implementation Organizations—Roles and Responsibilities 11 B. Key Persons Involved in Implementation 13 C. Project Organization Structure 15 IV. COSTS AND FINANCING 16 A. Investment Plan 16 B. Financing Plan 16 C. Allocation of Loan Proceeds by Implementing Agency 17 D. Detailed Cost Estimates by Financier and Expenditure Category 17 E. Detailed Cost Estimates by Outputs ($‘000) 19 F. Detailed Cost Estimates by Year ($‘000) 20 G. Allocation and Withdrawal of Loan Proceeds 20 H. Contract and Disbursement S-Curves 20 I. Onlending Arrangements and Indicative Funds Flow 21 V. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 24 A. Financial Management Assessment 24 B. Disbursement 24 C. Accounting 25 D. Auditing 26 E. Reporting 26 iii VI. PROCUREMENT AND CONSULTING SERVICES 26 A. Advance Contracting and Retroactive Financing 26 B. Procurement of Goods, Works, and Consulting Services 27 C. Procurement Plan 28 D. Consultants‘ Terms of Reference 43 VII. SAFEGUARDS 46 A. Environment 46 B. Indigenous Peoples 46 A. Resettlement 46 VIII. GENDER AND SOCIAL DIMENSIONS 49 IX. PERFORMANCE MONITORING, EVALUATION, REPORTING AND COMMUNICATION 59 A. Project Design and Monitoring Framework 59 B. Performance Indicators for Grape Quality: Based on the Agreement of Joint Venture with Moeton–Hennesy 62 C. -
Resettlement Plan
Resettlement Plan April 2020 PRC: Ningxia Liupanshan Poverty Reduction Rural Road Development Project (Xiji) Prepared by the Ningxia Department of Transport of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Government for the People’s Republic of China and the Asian Development Bank. This is an updated version of the draft originally posted in July 2016 available on https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/prc-ningxia-liupanshan-rural-roads-xiji-rp. This Resettlement Plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Updated Resettlement Plan April 2020 Jiangtai–Xitan–Pingfeng Road Project of Xiji County of Guyuan City in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, PRC Prepared by Transportation Department of Ningxia Hui Nationality Autonomous Region CURRENCY EXCHANGE (According to the exchange rate on May 1, 2016) Monetary Unit: CNY CNY1.00 = US$0.1433 US$1.00 = CNY6.9787 ABBREVIATIONS AAOV – Average Annual Output Value ADB – Asian Development Bank APs – Affected Persons AV – Administrative Village CRO – County Resettlement Office DMS – Detailed Measurement Survey DI – Design Institute EA – Executing Agency FS – Feasibility Study IA – Implementation