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Investigating the Maintenance and Policing of Male-Dominated Gaming Space

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Investigating the Maintenance and Policing of Male-Dominated Gaming Space University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2016 Keeping Quiet: Investigating the Maintenance and Policing of Male-dominated Gaming Space Christopher Charles University of Central Florida Part of the Sociology Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Charles, Christopher, "Keeping Quiet: Investigating the Maintenance and Policing of Male-dominated Gaming Space" (2016). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 5115. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/5115 KEEPING QUIET: INVESTIGATING THE MAINTENANCE AND POLICING OF MALE- DOMINATED GAMING SPACE by CHRISTOPHER DOUGLAS CHARLES B.A. University of Central Florida, 2014 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Sociology in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer Term 2016 ABSTRACT Despite the near parity between the number of female and male gamers (Entertainment Software Association, 2014), studies on gender in videogames illustrate a culture that typically reflects hegemonic masculinity and excludes women on a multitude of levels. Because these interactions occur within real and virtual space (both online and within games), a holistic approach is warranted to analyze these mechanisms of oppression. This paper seeks to uncover the ways by which gaming culture is maintained and policed as a male-dominated space, through qualitative data collection. By using ethnographic, participant observation at a large, multi-genre convention the experiences of both male and female gamers were collected and analyzed. Their stories shed light on the means by which women are silenced, or “kept quiet,” by voice chat profiling, verbal abuse, and hostile Internet communities. They are subject to strict policing of gamer identity, relegation as casual gamers, and their calls for inclusiveness all too often fall on game developers’ deaf ears. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 Rationale/Purpose........................................................................................................................ 2 Theory ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Methods ....................................................................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER TWO: INTERACTIONS IN DIGITAL SPACE ....................................................... 13 Avatars and Gender-bending in Online Games ......................................................................... 13 In-person Gaming and Masculine Space ................................................................................... 16 Cyberfeminism and Gender Salience ........................................................................................ 17 Online Abuse ............................................................................................................................. 19 Online Voice Communication ................................................................................................... 20 Results: Silent Women .............................................................................................................. 22 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 24 CHAPTER THREE: FEMALE REPRESENTATION IN GAMES ............................................ 25 Stories for Men, by Men ........................................................................................................... 25 Hypersexualization and the Idealization of Female Bodies ...................................................... 28 Alternative Perspectives in Content Analysis ........................................................................... 29 Results: Mixed Responses ......................................................................................................... 33 Results, Part 2: What To Do About Young Girls ...................................................................... 35 Results Part 3: Cosplaying Virtual Women .............................................................................. 37 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 38 CHAPTER FOUR: THE INDUSTRY ......................................................................................... 40 The Vicious Cycle ..................................................................................................................... 40 Advertising for Heterosexual Males ......................................................................................... 42 The Feminization of Labor ........................................................................................................ 42 Results, Part 1: Where The Women Are(‘nt) ............................................................................ 43 Results, Part 2: Subverting and Reinforcing Hypersexuality In Artist Alley ........................... 45 Results, Part 3: Resistance through Voice Acting..................................................................... 49 iii Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 50 CHAPTER FIVE: GAMES FOR WOMEN ................................................................................. 52 Pink and Purple Games ............................................................................................................. 52 Difference as Artifice ................................................................................................................ 53 Male Ownership of Play ............................................................................................................ 54 Results: Appetite for Destruction .............................................................................................. 55 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 56 CHAPTER SIX: HARDCORE GAMING AND E-SPORTS ...................................................... 57 Sports and Video Games as Masculine Spaces ......................................................................... 57 The Presentation and Perception Of Professional Female Gamers ........................................... 58 Results, pt. 1: Gender Essentialism ........................................................................................... 59 Results, pt. 2: Observing Male Gaming Space.......................................................................... 60 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 62 CHAPTER SEVEN: WOMEN IN THE ONLINE GAMING COMMUNITY ........................... 63 Toxic Masculinity and Controlling the Discourse .................................................................... 63 In the Aftermath of Gamergate ................................................................................................. 65 Ethics in Hating Women ........................................................................................................... 68 Results: Avoiding Identity Politics ........................................................................................... 69 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 71 CHAPTER EIGHT: LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS ..................................................... 72 Limitations ................................................................................................................................ 72 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 73 APPENDIX A: IRB APPROVAL LETTER ................................................................................ 77 APPENDIX B: PARTICIPANTS ................................................................................................. 79 APPENDIX C: KEEPING QUIET DIAGRAM ........................................................................... 81 LIST OF REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 83 iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 - Keeping Quiet .............................................................................................................. 82 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1 - Participants ...................................................................................................................
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