DOCSLIB.ORG

Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Znb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 ALLEN, Dan Charles, 1929- FRANKLIN D

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Znb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 ALLEN, Dan Charles, 1929- FRANKLIN D INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document Whiia the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)” . If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chert, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again - beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. Silver prints o f "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. 5. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have indistinct print. Filmed as received. Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Znb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 ALLEN, Dan Charles, 1929- FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN AMERICAN OCCUPATION POLICY IN EUROPE. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1976 H-Utory, United States Xerox University Microfilmst Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 © 1976 DAN CHARLES ALLEN ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN AMERICAN OCCUPATION POLICY IN EUROPE DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Dan C. Allen, B.A. , M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 1976 Reading Committee; Approved by Harry L. Coles Marvin R. Zahniser Alfred E. Eckes, Jr. Harry L. Coles Advisor Department of History VITA December 9, 1929 . * . Born - Fayetteville, Arkansas 1951 ................. B.A., University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 1965 ................. M.A., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1966-1970 .......... Assistant Professor of History and Chairman Military History Course, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado 1970-1973 .......... Exchange Instructor and Head, International Affairs and Strategic Studies Department, The Royal Air Force College, Cranwell, Great Britain FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: American Military History, Professor Harry L. Coles American Diplomatic History, Professor Marvin R. Zahniser Early National Era American History, Professor Harry L. Coles Twentieth Century European History, Professor Andreas A. Dorpalen PREFACE The purpose of this dissertation is to trace the influence of President Franklin D, Roosevelt on the development of the American occupation policy, 1941 to 1945. A general agreement that the administration of occupied areas during a brief ini­ tial phase was the responsibility of the military can be seen running through the entire period of plans and preparations. The points of conflict revolved around such questions as which group would formulate occupation policy, when the civilian authorities would assume control, whether it would be a grad­ ual assumption of responsibility or a clear cut one, and whether the civilian authority in liberated territories would be indigenous or American. The preponderance of the contro­ versy centered in the supply and relief functions. It was principally in this field where the difficulties between the President and the various government agencies occurred. This work shows, despite the basic controversy between the civilian and military authorities, a remarkable amount of coordination and consideration on the part of all concerned when meeting the politico-military problems of the war. The President frequently consulted with the Secretary of War, the Chief of Staff, and the Supreme Allied Commander before making decisions and these men kept the President informed, in great detail, of their political actions. i i i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page VITA. , . ..................................... ii PREFACE ......................................... iii ABBREVIATIONS................................. vi Chapter I Civil Affairs and Military Government On the Eve of World War II.......... 1 II The White House and the Military at Odds..................................... 12 III The President and the School of Military Government.................... 23 IV The School Issue Settled................. 38 V Pre-Invasion Plans for Civil Affairs In North A f r i c a ......................... 52 VI The Darlan Arrangement................... 66 VII Post Darlan Civil Affairs in North Africa................................... 84 VIII Washington Organization for Civil Affairs During The Early Part of the North African Campaign......................... Ill IX Washington Organization for Civil Affairs As the North Africa Situation D e v e l o p e d ............................... 128 X Planning for Military Government in '3icily and Italy......................... 146 XI The Collapse and Surrender of Italy . 161 XII Allied Occupation Control Organization In Italy.................. 174 XIII Domestic Italian Affairs................. 188 Page XIV Civilian Relief and Rehabilitation in Italy.............. 202 XV Washington Organization for Civil Affairs During the Italian Era. ..... 219 XVI Civil Affairs for France. ........ 237 XVII Plans for Germany ....................... 266 XVIII Zones of Occupation in Germany and A u s t r i a ................................. 300 XIX Summary and Conclusion,................. 318 BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................... 331 1 v ABBREVIATIONS ACC Allied Control Commission ACofS Assistant Chief of Staff ACPFP Advisory Committee on Postwar Foreign Policy AFHQ Allied Forces Headquarters AGO Adjutant Generalrs Office AMG Allied Military Government AMGOT Allied Military Government of Occupied Territory ASF Army Service Forces ASH Assistant Secretary of War AT (E) Administration of Territories Committee (Europe) BEH Board of Economic Warfare BOB Bureau of the Budget CA Civil Affairs CAD Civil Affairs Division CCAC Combined Civil Affairs Committee CCS Combined Chiefs of Staff CCFNA Combined Committee for French North Africa CFB Combined Food Board CG Commanding General CINC Commander in Chief CinCMED Commander in Chief, Mediterranean CLN Comitate di Liberazione Nazionale COB Committee of Combined Boards CofS Chief cf Staff COSSAC Chief of Staff, Supreme Allied Command or Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander CRC Civilian Rehabilitation Corps CWRA Committee on War Relief Agencies DFEO Director for Foreign Economic Operations Dep't Department Dir Director Div Division EAC European Advisory Committee EDB Economic Defense Board ET or ETO European Theater or European Theater of Operations FCNL French Committee of National Liberation FDRL Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, Hyde Park, New York FEA Foreign Economic Administration FRUS Foreign Relations of the United States G-l Personnel Division, General Staff, War Department G-2 Intelligence Division, General Staff, War Depart­ ment G-3 Operations Division, General Staff, War Department G-4 Supply Division, General Staff, War Department G-5 Civil Affairs Division, General Staff, War Depart­ ment vi GHQ General Headquarters HUSKY Allied Invasion of Sicily, July 194 3 IAC Interdepartmental Advisory Committee JAG Judge Advocate General JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff LOC Library of Congress MG Military Government MGD Military Government Division MGS Military Government Section MTO Mediterranean Theater of Operations NAEB North African Economic Board NAJEM North African Joint Economic Mission NARS World War II Records Division, National Archives and Records Service, Washington, D. C, NATO North African Theater of Operations OCMH Office, Chief of Military History OES Office of Economic Stabilization OEM Office of Economic Warfare OFEC Office of Foreign Economic Coordination OFRRO Office of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations OFT Office of Foreign Territories OLLA Office of Lend-Lease Administration OPD Operations Division OUSW Office of Under Secretary of War OWI Office of War Information RSC Reconstruction Services Committee SAC Supreme Allied Commander SACMED Supreme Allied Commander, Mediterranean Theater SCAEF Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Forces SHAEF Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Forces SMG School of Military Government SH Secretary of War TORCH Allied Invasion of North and Northwest ;Africa, Nov. 1942 USH Under Secretary of War WD War Department WPD War Production Board WSA War Shipping Administration vii CHAPTER I CIVIL AFFAIRS AND MILITARY GOVERNMENT ON THE EVE OF WORLD WAR 1 T ‘ On the basis of the evidence
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project
    The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project JOHN W. MCDONALD Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: June 5, 1997 Copyright 2 3 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in Ko lenz, Germany of U.S. military parents Raised in military bases throughout U.S. University of Illinois Berlin, Germany - OMGUS - Intern Program 1,4.-1,50 1a2 Committee of Allied Control Council Morgenthau Plan Court system Environment Currency reform Berlin Document Center Transition to State Department Allied High Commission Bonn, Germany - Allied High Commission - Secretariat 1,50-1,52 The French Office of Special Representative for Europe General 6illiam Draper Paris, France - Office of the Special Representative for Europe - Staff Secretary 1,52-1,54 U.S. Regional Organization 7USRO8 Cohn and Schine McCarthyism State Department - Staff Secretariat - Glo al Briefing Officer 1,54-1,55 Her ert Hoover, 9r. 9ohn Foster Dulles International Cooperation Administration 1,55-1,5, E:ecutive Secretary to the Administration Glo al development Area recipients P1480 Point Four programs Anti-communism Africa e:perts African e:-colonies The French 1and Grant College Program Ankara, Turkey -CENTO - U.S. Economic Coordinator 1,5,-1,63 Cooperation programs National tensions Environment Shah of Iran AID program Micro2ave projects Country mem ers Cairo, Egypt - Economic Officer 1,63-1,66 Nasser AID program Soviets Environment Surveillance P1480 agreement As2an Dam Family planning United Ara ic Repu lic 7UAR8 National
    [Show full text]
  • 07101944 NZO.Pd
    ... ­ - ~ ~ ..... ADDRESS REPLY TO •• •• -rHIE ATTORNEY GENERAL" AND REFER TO INITIALS AND NUMIlER DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE LAK~'JMM/LN WASHINGTON, D. C. ~ ~Q JUL 1. 0 1944 Yo' '8' j = MEMORANDL1M FOR LAURENCE A. KNAPP CHIEF J FOREIGN AGENTS REGISTRATION SECTION Re: New Zioni~t Organization of America I. Identification The New Zionist Organization of America (55 West 42nd Street, New York City) is the official society in this country of Revisionist Zionists. It is affiliated to a number of similar groups using the name of the New Zionist Organization and working in other countries, and its relationship to the world New Zionist Organization will be discussed in some detail below. Among the officials of the New Zionist Organization of America are: President - Col. Morris J. Mendelsohn Chairman of the Executive Board - B. Netanyahu 'Executive Secretary - Joseph Beder . ., .. -­ Treasurer - L:>uis Germain~-"'·.J ,- ~.," r-~.. ---­ \ L.. t:.. \;-. , 'The members!rl,p of the American organization does nOi,\excfd 'one tho.and persons and is pro~1.Y' not more than 500 •., r::~V ,,( " _.~.~t~~, )'0- 'J7;r. ~~~ II. World Organization A. History ~'\\~ ~TERNAL , SEQ.umn. ,.QJ& C",O If 'flO ENIltAu~. (> , -' •• •• - 2 ­ Zionism. Each of these movements have a cormnon aim - the estab­ lishment of a Jewish political state in Palestine. They differ from each other in the methods which they plan to use for the accomplishment of this aim, and. in the type of membership from which they get support. The first three movements have combined to form the World Zionist Organization. ~~l~ The fourth movement, that of the Revisionist Zionists, although affiliated to the World Zionist Organization for a short period, finally formed an independent structure called the New Zionist Organization in 1935.
    [Show full text]
  • Iowans Harry Hopkins and Henry A. Wallace Helped Craft Social Security's Blueprint
    Iowans Harry Hopkins and Henry A. Wallace Helped Craft Social Security's Blueprint FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM by David E. Balducchi staggering 25 percent of American workers were unemployed. Poverty rates for the el­ Aderly neared 50 percent. The spring of 1934 was a time of colossal hardship. In the months to come, however, Iowans Harry Lloyd Hopkins and Henry Agard Wallace would help invent the land­ mark Social Security Act, which would include un­ employment insurance. While Hopkins and Wallace are known as liberal lions of the New Deal in areas of work relief and agricultural policy, their influential roles on the cabinet-level Committee on Economic Security are little known. Harry Hopkins was born in Sioux City in 1890, where his father operated a harness shop. The family lived in Council Bluffs and a few other midwestern towns. When Hopkins was 11, they settled in Grin- nell; his mother hoped her children could attend col­ lege there. Hopkins graduated from Grinnell College in 1912 and then began to make a name for himself in child welfare, unemployment, work relief, and public health, particularly in New York City. Agree­ ing with New York Governor Franklin Delano Roos­ evelt's push for aggressive unemployment relief measures, Hopkins supported Roosevelt's presiden­ tial bid. In May 1933 he joined Roosevelt in Wash­ ington as the bulldog head of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA). His mastery of inter­ preting and carrying out Roosevelt's wishes later would make him the president's closest advisor. Iowa-born Harry Hopkins was a key m em ber on the cabinet- level Com m ittee on Economic Security.
    [Show full text]
  • Montana Kaimin, January 31, 1969 Associated Students of University of Montana
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Associated Students of the University of Montana Montana Kaimin, 1898-present (ASUM) 1-31-1969 Montana Kaimin, January 31, 1969 Associated Students of University of Montana Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/studentnewspaper Recommended Citation Associated Students of University of Montana, "Montana Kaimin, January 31, 1969" (1969). Montana Kaimin, 1898-present. 4562. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/studentnewspaper/4562 This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the Associated Students of the University of Montana (ASUM) at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Montana Kaimin, 1898-present by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MONTANA KAIMIN AN INDEPENDENT DAILY NEWSPAPER Pentagon to Plan Death of Draft WASHINGTON (AP) — Presi­ and was requested to plan a special dent Nixon has directed the Pen­ commission to develop a detailed tagon to work out a detailed plan plan of action for ending the of action for ending the draft when draft.” Vietnam expenditures can be re­ The White House announcement duced, the White House announced indicated a shift from the position yesterday. President Nixon took during his It was Nixon’s initial step to­ presidential campaign: “That when ward fulfillment of a campaign the war in Vietnam is over the promise to seek an all volunteer draft should be ended.” military establishment. During the campaign, President The instructions sent to Secre­ Nixon said the draft is not an effi­ tary of Defense Melvin R.
    [Show full text]
  • Blockchain in Defence: a Breakthrough?
    Food for thought September 2020 Blockchain in defence: a breakthrough? Written by Alessia Cornella, Linda Zamengo, AN EXPERTISE FORUM CONTRIBUTING TO EUROPEAN CONTRIBUTING TO FORUM AN EXPERTISE SINCE 1953 ARMIES INTEROPERABILITY European Army Interoperability Center Alexandre Delepierre, Georges Clementz This paper was drawn up by Alessia Cornella, Linda Zamengo, Alexandre Delepierre and Georges Clementz under the supervision and guidance of Mr Mario Blokken, Director of the Permanent Secretariat. This Food for Thought paper is a document that gives an initial reflection on the theme. The content is not reflecting the positions of the member states but consists of elements that can initiate and feed the discussions and analyses in the domain of the theme. All our studies are available on www.finabel.org TABLE OF CONTENT Introduction 2 Applications and functioning of blockchain technology 4 Developments in the blockchain technology in the military around the world 13 Challenges and limitations of blockchain: Costs associated with the technology, security loopholes 19 Conclusions and recommendations 23 Bibliography 24 INTRODUCTION lockchain is set to radically change time (ComputerWorld, 2019). In other words, our way of life in the coming dec- blockchain can be described as a global online ades. That is why many authors, like database, that anyone, anywhere in the world, Marc Andreessen, considered it “one with an internet connection, can use. As a con- of the most important technologies sequence, a blockchain doesn’t belong to anyone, since the advent of the Internet.” (Finance Train, and it stores information permanently across a B2019). Based on a peer-to-peer (P2P) topology, network of personal computers.
    [Show full text]
  • 2017 Producers Book Finalists
    PRODUCERS BOOK & PRINT SOURCE LIST Pre-Festival Edition THE 2017 PRODUCERS BOOK A LETTER FROM THE SCREENPLAY & FILM COMPETITION DIRECTORS Hello! Each year, we prepare our annual Producers Book which contains loglines and contact information for the year’s top scripts in our various Script Competitions. Please feel free to reach out to any of the writers listed here to request a copy of their scripts. Also included is our Print Source List containing information for all films selected for the 2017 Festival. This year’s Semifinalists and Finalists were chosen from a field of 9,487 scripts entered in our Screenplay, Digital Series, Playwriting, and Fiction Podcast Competitions. Each year we are amazed by the professional quality and talent that we receive and this year wasn’t any different. The Competition is open to feature-length scripts in the genres of drama, comedy, sci-fi, and horror; teleplay pilots and specs, short scripts, stage plays, fiction podcast scripts, and digital series scripts. Year after year, our strive in programming the Austin Film Festival film slate is to discover and champion the writers and those who can translate amazing stories to the screen. We received over 5,000 film submissions this year and had the task of whittling it down to 182 films that embody our mission and passion for storytelling. It was a harrowing task, but it led to our strongest year of film yet. We’re so proud of this year’s diverse group of filmmakers and unique voices and can’t wait for these works to be seen, shared, and loved.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pillars of American Grand Strategy in World War II by Tami Davis Biddle
    Leveraging Strength: The Pillars of American Grand Strategy in World War II by Tami Davis Biddle Tami Davis Biddle is the Hoyt S. Vandenberg Chair of Aerospace Studies at the U.S. Army War College in Carlisle, PA. She is the author of Rhetoric and Reality in Air Warfare: The Evolution of British and American Thinking about Strategic Bombing, 1914–1945, and is at work on a new book titled, Taking Command: The United States at War, 1944–1945. This article is based on a lecture she delivered in March 2010 in The Hertog Program on Grand Strategy, jointly sponsored by Temple University’s Center for Force and Diplomacy, and FPRI. Abstract: This article argues that U.S. leaders navigated their way through World War II challenges in several important ways. These included: sustaining a functional civil-military relationship; mobilizing inside a democratic, capitalist paradigm; leveraging the moral high ground ceded to them by their enemies; cultivating their ongoing relationship with the British, and embra- cing a kind of adaptability and resiliency that facilitated their ability to learn from mistakes and take advantage of their enemies’ mistakes. ooking back on their World War II experience from the vantage point of the twenty-first century, Americans are struck, first of all, by the speed L with which everything was accomplished: armies were raised, fleets of planes and ships were built, setbacks were overcome, and great victories were won—all in a mere 45 months. Between December 1941 and August 1945, Americans faced extraordinary challenges and accepted responsibilities they had previously eschewed.
    [Show full text]
  • JABOTINSKY on CANADA and the Unlted STATES*
    A CASE OFLIMITED VISION: JABOTINSKY ON CANADA AND THE UNlTED STATES* From its inception in 1897, and even earlier in its period of gestation, Zionism has been extremely popular in Canada. Adherence to the movement seemed all but universal among Canada's Jews by the World War I era. Even in the interwar period, as the flush of first achievement wore off and as the Canadian Jewish community became more acclimated, the movement in Canada functioned at a near-fever pitch. During the twenties and thirties funds were raised, acculturatedJews adhered toZionism with some settling in Palestine, and prominent gentile politicians publicly supported the movement. The contrast with the United States was striking. There, Zionism got a very slow start. At the outbreak of World War I only one American Jew in three hundred belonged to the Zionist movement; and, unlike Canada, a very strong undercurrent of anti-Zionism emerged in the Jewish community and among gentiles. The conversion to Zionism of Louis D. Brandeis-prominent lawyer and the first Jew to sit on the United States Supreme Court-the proclamation of the Balfour Declaration, and the conquest of Palestine by the British gave Zionism in the United States a significant boost during the war. Afterwards, however, American Zionism, like the country itself, returned to "normalcy." Membership in the movement plummeted; fundraising languished; potential settlers for Palestine were not to be found. One of the chief impediments to Zionism in America had to do with the nature of the relationship of American Jews to their country. Zionism was predicated on the proposition that Jews were doomed to .( 2 Michuel Brown be aliens in every country but their own.
    [Show full text]
  • In a Rather Emotional State?' the Labour Party and British Intervention in Greece, 1944-5
    ORE Open Research Exeter TITLE 'In a rather emotional state?' The Labour party and British intervention in Greece, 1944-5 AUTHORS Thorpe, Andrew JOURNAL The English Historical Review DEPOSITED IN ORE 12 February 2008 This version available at http://hdl.handle.net/10036/18097 COPYRIGHT AND REUSE Open Research Exeter makes this work available in accordance with publisher policies. A NOTE ON VERSIONS The version presented here may differ from the published version. If citing, you are advised to consult the published version for pagination, volume/issue and date of publication 1 ‘IN A RATHER EMOTIONAL STATE’? THE LABOUR PARTY AND BRITISH INTERVENTION IN GREECE, 1944-45* Professor Andrew Thorpe Department of History University of Exeter Exeter EX4 4RJ Tel: 01392-264396 Fax: 01392-263305 Email: [email protected] 2 ‘IN A RATHER EMOTIONAL STATE’? THE LABOUR PARTY AND BRITISH INTERVENTION IN GREECE, 1944-45 As the Second World War drew towards a close, the leader of the Labour party, Clement Attlee, was well aware of the meagre and mediocre nature of his party’s representation in the House of Lords. With the Labour leader in the Lords, Lord Addison, he hatched a plan whereby a number of worthy Labour veterans from the Commons would be elevated to the upper house in the 1945 New Years Honours List. The plan, however, was derailed at the last moment. On 19 December Attlee wrote to tell Addison that ‘it is wiser to wait a bit. We don’t want by-elections at the present time with our people in a rather emotional state on Greece – the Com[munist]s so active’.
    [Show full text]
  • Henry Wallace, America's Forgotten Visionary
    Henry Wallace, America's Forgotten Visionary http://truth-out.org/opinion/item/14297-henry-wallace-americas-forgotten-... Sunday, 03 February 2013 06:55 By Peter Dreier, Truthout | Historical Analysis One of the great "What if?" questions of the 20th century is how America would have been different if Henry Wallace rather than Harry Truman had succeeded Franklin Roosevelt in the White House. Filmmaker Oliver Stone has revived this debate in his current ten-part Showtime series, "The Untold History of the United States," and his new book (written with historian Peter Kuznick) of the same name. In the late 1930s and early 1940s, only FDR eclipsed Wallace - Roosevelt's secretary of agriculture (1933-1940) and then his vice president (1941-1944) - in popularity with the American people. Stone's documentary series and book portray Wallace as a true American hero, a "visionary" on both domestic and foreign policy. Today, however, Wallace is a mostly forgotten figure. If Stone's work helps restore Wallace's rightful place in our history and piques the curiosity of younger Americans to learn more about this fascinating person, it will have served an important purpose. Henry Agard Wallace. (Photo: Department of Commerce) Wallace almost became the nation's president. In 1940, he was FDR's running mate and served as his vice president for four years. But in 1944, against the advice of the Democratic Party's progressives and liberals - including his wife Eleanor - FDR reluctantly allowed the party's conservative, pro-business and segregationist wing to replace Wallace with Sen. Harry Truman as the vice presidential candidate, a move that Stone calls the "greatest blunder" of Roosevelt's career.
    [Show full text]
  • Franklin D. Roosevelt Library & Museum
    Franklin D. Roosevelt Library & Museum Collection: Grace Tully Archive Series: Grace Tully Papers Box 7; Folder = Logs of the President's Trips: Casablanca Conference, January 9-31, 1943 1943 9-31, January Conference, Papers Tully Casablanca Grace Trips: Series: President's the Archive; of Tully Logs Grace Folder= 7; Collection: Box THE CASABLANCA TRIP 9-31 r o,r.;:i.ginaJY OF LOG January, TO .00000. THE 1943 THE ret;i.iei! OF CONFERENCE , 9-31, 1943 PRESIDENT January , Conference, Papers Tully Casablanca Grace Trips: Series: President's the Archive; of Tully Logs Grace Folder= 7; Collection: Box ":' ':;~,' :-Origina,l Fo.REWORD In December 1942 the Commander-in-Chief, Franklin D. Roosevelt, decided, to rendezvous. with the Prime Minister of Great Britain, Winston Churchill, -. at a suitable place in North Africa. Thus would the President and the PrUne Minister be afforded an op- portunity to confer, and, with their military and naval staffs, inspect the United Nations r- forces which had landed successfully in North Africa -the previous November. Plans for transporting the President and his party by land and air were drawn up. Advance 1943 parties comprising Secret Service agents, as well as 9-31, military and naval advisors, left early in January 1943. In this manner arrangements were perfected January .along ·the route which the President waS to follow Conference, through North America and South America to the oonti~ Papers nent of Afric~. Tully Casablanca Grace Trips: Series: President's the Archive; of Tully Logs Grace Folder= 7; Collection: Box [ [ . THE PRESIDENT'S PA'lTY r l The Pre sid e n t Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • GENERAL PHOTOGRAPHS File Subject Index
    GENERAL PHOTOGRAPHS File Subject Index A (General) Abeokuta: the Alake of Abram, Morris B.: see A (General) Abruzzi: Duke of Absher, Franklin Roosevelt: see A (General) Adams, C.E.: see A (General) Adams, Charles, Dr. D.F., C.E., Laura Franklin Delano, Gladys, Dorothy Adams, Fred: see A (General) Adams, Frederick B. and Mrs. (Eilen W. Delano) Adams, Frederick B., Jr. Adams, William Adult Education Program Advertisements, Sears: see A (General) Advertising: Exhibits re: bill (1944) against false advertising Advertising: Seagram Distilleries Corporation Agresta, Fred Jr.: see A (General) Agriculture Agriculture: Cotton Production: Mexican Cotton Pickers Agriculture: Department of (photos by) Agriculture: Department of: Weather Bureau Agriculture: Dutchess County Agriculture: Farm Training Program Agriculture: Guayule Cultivation Agriculture: Holmes Foundry Company- Farm Plan, 1933 Agriculture: Land Sale Agriculture: Pig Slaughter Agriculture: Soil Conservation Agriculture: Surplus Commodities (Consumers' Guide) Aircraft (2) Aircraft, 1907- 1914 (2) Aircraft: Presidential Aircraft: World War II: see World War II: Aircraft Airmail Akihito, Crown Prince of Japan: Visit to Hyde Park, NY Akin, David Akiyama, Kunia: see A (General) Alabama Alaska Alaska, Matanuska Valley Albemarle Island Albert, Medora: see A (General) Albright, Catherine Isabelle: see A (General) Albright, Edward (Minister to Finland) Albright, Ethel Marie: see A (General) Albright, Joe Emma: see A (General) Alcantara, Heitormelo: see A (General) Alderson, Wrae: see A (General) Aldine, Charles: see A (General) Aldrich, Richard and Mrs. Margaret Chanler Alexander (son of Charles and Belva Alexander): see A (General) Alexander, John H. Alexitch, Vladimir Joseph Alford, Bradford: see A (General) Allen, Mrs. Idella: see A (General) 2 Allen, Mrs. Mary E.: see A (General) Allen, R.C.
    [Show full text]