Books by Lyndon LaRouche

o So, You Wish to Learn All About Economics? $9.95. 1984

o There Are No Limits To Growth $4.95 1984

o Why Revival of 'SALT' Won't Stop War $3.95 1980

o What Every Conservative Should Know About Communism $3.95 1980

o Will the Soviets Rule During the 1980s? $3.95 1979

o How to Defeat Liberalism and William F. Buckley $3.95 1979

o The Independent Democrats' 1984 Platform $5.00 Order from: Published by Independent Democrats for LaRouche. Ben Franklin Booksellers, Inc. 27 South King St. Leesburg, VA 22075 o Program for America $10.00. 1985 (703) 777-3661 Published by the LaRouche Democratic Campaign. Add shipping cost at $1.50 for first book, $.50 for each additional book. o The Power of Reason: 1988 $10.00 Bulk rates available on request.

LaRouche-at the center of current history

The "I have been at the center of some among the leading crisis-developments affecting current history, including the Power of Soviet and liberal establishment efforts to destroy the Stra­ Reason: 1988 tegic Defense Initiative." -Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. "Lyndon LaRouche is striving to undermine the influence of Communists and other left forces among the workers and student youth." -Izvestia, March 12, 1984 "It's LaRouche's people. He's persecuting me." -Henry A. Kissinger, responding to a demonstration in April 1983

Please send me copies of The Power of Reason: Name ______1988 by Lyndon LaRouche, at $10.00 per book (plus postage and handling-$1.50 for 1 book, $.50 for each Address ______additional book). City ______State _____ Zip ___ Please charge my __ American Express __ MasterCard Telephone ______Visa __ Diners Club __ Choice __ Carte Blanche

Card No. ______Exp. Date ___ _ Make checks payable to: Signature ______Ben Franklin Booksellers, 27 South King St., Leesburg, Virginia 22075 Founder and Contributing Editor: Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. Editor-in-chief: Criton Zoakos Editor: Nora Hamerman Managing Editors: Vin Berg and Susan Welsh Contributing Editors: Uwe Parpart-Henke, Nancy Spannaus, Webster Tarpley, From the Editor Christopher White, Warren Hamerman, William Wenz, Gerald Rose, Mel Klenetsky, Antony Papert, Allen Salisbury Science and Technology: Carol White Special Services: Richard Freeman Advertising Director: Joseph Cohen Circulation Manager: Joseph Jennings

INTELUGENCE DIRECTORS: Africa: Douglas DeGroot, Mary Lalevee Agriculture: Marcia Merry T his is the first issue of EIR since the indictment of our founding Asia: Linda de Hoyos editor, Lyndon LaRouche, by the Department of Justice. While Counterintelligence: Jeffrey Steinberg, Paul Goldstein Americans were celebrating Independence Day, members of "the Economics: David Goldman secret government" made their move, ripping up the Constitution. European Economics: William Engdahl, Laurent Murawiec To do this, they invoked Executive Orders 12333 and 12334, which Vivian Freyre Zoakos Europe: gave them a free rein for dirty tricks against political opponents, lbero-America: Robyn Quijano, Dennis Small Law: Edward Spannaus under the rubric of "national security. " In nUI1lerous press confer­ Medicine: John Grauerholz, M.D. Middle East: Thierry Lalevee ences since his indictment, LaRouche demanded that the President Soviet Union and Eastern Europe: rescind these orders-and every word of this was blacked out in the Rachel Douglas, Konstantin George Special Projects: Mark Burdman subsequent press coverage (see pp. 60-62). United States: Kathleen Klenetsky But already the desperate move against LaRouche is backfiring INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS: against its perpetrators, as the Democratic presidential contender is Bangkok: Pakdee and Sophie Tanapura Bogota: Javier Almario catapulted into-the limelight, and even hostile reporters are forced to Bonn: George Gregory, Rainer Apel recognize his political and moral stature. When the New York Times Chicago: Paul Greenberg Copenhagen: Poul Rasmussen drops the obligatory epithet "political extremist" in its characteriza­ Houston: Harley Schlanger tion of LaRouche, then you know that "something is up" in Estab­ Lima: Sara Madueno Los Angeles: Theodare Andromidas lishment circles. Mexico City: Josejina Menendez LaRouche has responded presidentially to the escalated attack Milan: Marco Fanini New Delhi: Susan Maitra against him. In our Feature this week (pp. 24-32), we present the Paris: Christine Bierre first of two documents authored by him on Executive Orders 12333 Rio de Janeiro: Silvia Palacios Rome: Leonardo Servadio, Stefania Sacchi and 12334. The first is an analysis of the Orders; the second is a Stockholm: William Jones proposed replacement for them, and will be published in a forthcom­ United Nations: Douglas DeGroot Washington, D.C.: Nicholas F. Benton ing issue. Wiesbaden: Philip Golub, Goran Haglund The real issues of national security are addressed in these docu­ ments-not in the soap opera which is unfolding on the nation's television screens, as Oliver North jousts with Senate counsel Arthur E1RIExecutive Intelligence Review (ISSN 0273-6314) is published weekly (50 issues) except for the second week Liman, and both cover up the truth. For the real national security ofJuly and last week ofDecember by New Solidarity International Press Service P.O. Box 65178, Washington, issues, look at the Soviet Central Committee plenum (p. 36-37), and DC 20035 (202) 785-/347 the scandalous Soviet treatment of West German President Richard Eru-opetUI Heatlqlllllfllrs: Executive Intelligence Review Nacbrichtenagentur GmbH, Postfach 2308, von Weizsacker (p. 47). Dotzheimerstrasse 166, 0-6200 Wiesbaden, Federal Republic of Germany The day before LaRouche's indictment, an extraordinary trial Tel: (06121) 8840. Executive Directors: Anno Hellenbroich, Michael Liebig began in Paris, in which LaRouche and his French associates chal­ I.IH...... : EIR, Rosenvaengets Aile 20, 2100 Copenhagen OE, Tel. (01) 42-15-00 lenged Moscow's propaganda lies in a court of law (pp. 38-39). I. Muko: EIR, Francisco Dfas Covarrubias 54 A-3 Colonia San Rafael, Mexico OF. Tel: 705-1295. This was an astonishing week, with lawsuits pitting one man J"",.,. ./lbscripliDn .1Ik.: O.T.O. Research Corporation, against two superpowers: LaRouchev. U.S.S.R .in Paris, and U.S.A. Takeuchi Bldg., 1-34-12 Takatanobaha, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo 160. Tel: (03) 208-7821. v.LaRouche, et al. in Boston. Copyright II:> 1987 New Solidarity International Press Service. AlI rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without pennission strictly prohibited. Second-class postage paid at Washington D.C., and at an additional mailing offices. 3 mon1hs-$I25, 6 months-$225, I year-$396, Single issue-$l0 Academic library rate: $245 per year Postmaster: Send all address changes to EIR, P.O. Box 17390, Washington, D.C. 20041-0390. (202) 785-1347 •

TIillConteDts

Departments Economics Science & Thchnology 13 Medicine 4 Reagan's GATT 'free 18 How Russia's radio LaRouche 'bugs' AIDS lobby. trade' plan endangers food frequency weapons can kill supply The second in Robert Gallagher's 15 Africa Report The proposal to end farm subsidies series on the latest Russian Everything keeps falling. will mean plantation-based farm breakthroughs in strategic output, under the control of the weapons, and the threat they pose banking and commodity cartel to the West. 55 Dateline Mexico companies of London and Project Democracy's new party. continental Europe.

56 Andean Report 6 Overcoming the Reagan Kissinger's 'little wars': a replay. 'Recovery' AIDS Update The Virginia shipyards: spearhead 57 Southeast Asia for a nuclear merchant marine. 13 LaRouche 'bugs' AIDS Weinberger encourages friends. Part I of a series. lobby

64 American System 10 Cargill monopolizes 16 Property/casualty in Alexander Hamilton's French French sunflower market trouble, health next alliance. 14 FAO watches as locusts hit 17 Brazil, Britain show sharp 72 Editorial Africa case increase Root out the secret government! 16 Business Briefs 70 Nancy wants 'gay' on AIDS panel

71 AIDS lobby in Georgia fumes over LaRouche

• Volume 14 Number 28, July 17, 1987

Feature International National 36 Is Moscow's new 60 LaRouche in New diplomacy really puzzling? England, puts accusers on The Soviets' brutal treatment of trial the West German President and The anti-Establishment presidential the U. S. Secretary of State is only candidate, over a two-week surprising to those whose rose­ period, returns to campaign in colored glasses blind them to the New Hampshire and turns a reality of war mobilization in blatantly politically motivated The monster of illegal government: Shown here is a Russia. indictment against its "secret detail from Albrecht Diirer's woodcut of the seven­ government" instigators. headed Beast of the Apocalypse (1508). 38 LaRouche and the European Labor Party 63 Elephants & Donkeys 24 The case for the take on the Andropov Who's the dumbest of them all? revocation of Executive dynasty Orders 12333 and 12334 An extraordinary trial in Paris pits 67 Eye on Washington Lyndon LaRouche shows how LaRouche against the government Shultz, Abrams sweat over Ollie. these two orders have been of the U. S.S.R. employed to establish a lawless 68 Congressional Closeup secret government in the United 41 Turkey fears betrayal by States, The Justice Department has State Department 70 National News thereby become an accomplice in subverting the Constitution, 42 Panama destabilization accelerates under 'Project 33 How Executive Orders set Democracy' up the secret government 43 Sweden: Soviet submarines spur officers' revolt

45 France: Klaus Barbie verdict vindicates Resistance

48 The high price of 'politics as usual': Signs of social crisis erupt in India Documentation: The drug plague out of control.

54 Denounce U.S. action against Waldheim

58 International Intelligence �ITmEconomics

GATr Reagan's 'free trade'

byplan Marcia Meny endangers food supp1y

On July 6 and 7 in Geneva, representatives of the 93-nation independent, family-based, high-technology agriculture that GAIT group (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) re­ has taken centuries to dev�lop. His plans, if implemented, ceived President Reagan's official proposal to end world farm would mean a drastic drop in food output in the short term, subsidies within 10 years, and introduce the era of "free and concentration of contr�l by privileged interests, unac­ trade." Neither in wartime nor peacetime in the history of the countable to nations or mor!llity. United States, has there ever been such a sweeping proposal , The Reagan plan calls for the United States to make short of the intended economic consequences of the Confed­ sweeping cuts in agriculture outlays, and therefore for other eracy in the Civil War: plantation-based farm output, under nations to do the same. In Venice in June, President Reagan the control of the banking and commodity cartel companies spoke of the need to end ag.-iculture subsidies because of the of London and Europe. "overproduction" of food. Today, some of the same commodity and banking-related What the Reagan plan would cut farm output price defi­ networks are applauding President Reagan for his gullibility ciency payments, land diversion incentives, herd reduction and subservience to their interests. Republican U. S. Senator incentives, surplus dairy output purchase, and even the scrap­ Rudy Boschwitz, known as the "Cargill Boy" from Minne­ ping of the national agriculture extension service, which orig­ sota, praised Reagan's GAIT plan as "visionary." inated during Abraham Lincoln's administration, and in­ The President knows only the rhetoric, not the content of creased U.S. agriculture productivity to unheard-of heights. what he is proposing, and only the appearance, and not the content of the problem in world agriculture today. Fortunate­ Trilateral blueprints ly, there is enough opposition, at home and abroad, that The blueprints for the Reagan plan can be found in doc­ President Reagan's plans will not go into effect tomorrow. uments such as the 1985 Trilateral Commission piece, "Ag­ Yet the general public is no better informed than the President riculture Production and Trade Policy"; and the annual rec­ as to what is really going on. ommendations of the Heritage Foundation, called "Agenda" The three essential points to understand as the trade talks for government. Through these channels of influence, other proceed, are: 1) Farm subsidies-in the main-do not ben­ government agencies and banking institutions are echoing efitthe farmer and his family, but subsidize a small group of Reagan's call. On July 7, the Senate voted up a resolution world food companies. 2) These very same companies intend demanding that the World Bank refuse to make any loans to to benefit even more by having the "subsidies" removed, any nation that produces products for export that are regarded while still retaining control of world food stocks. 3) There is as "in excess. " no world food "glut," as President Reagan and most of the European Community spokesmen associated with the media assert. Trilateral Commission also picked up on Reagan's cue. On Without proper emergency measures to deal with the July 7, in Washington, D.C., a response to Reagan was worldwide food output crisis, famine and disease will spread. released on behalf of the EC by Willi DeClerq, EC External Reagan's proposal would undercut the very institutions of Affairs Director, and Franz Andrieesen, EC Agriculture Di- ,

4 Economics EIR July 17, 1987 rector. On July 8 they met with Capitol Hill leaders on the gram options that were originally designed as occasional need to slash agriculture production and to let "market forces" stabilization measures, and expanded them into a maze of so­ rule. Their official statement said, 'The U. S. government called farm subsidies, whose effect, however, has been to proposal for negotiations on agriculture, which was pre­ continue to benefitthe cartel companies. sented yesterday at the GAIT in Geneva, needs careful con­ It is estimated that last year a record $25 .3 billion in sideration. The proposal calling for the elimination of all agriculture outlays were expended by the government. A forms of government support and protection over a lO-year comparable amount was expended by the EC. If you are a period, needs careful consideration. It raises, however, a U . S. com grower, this crop year, you could sign up to get number of practical questions. The EC agrees on the need for loans and other payments if you idled at least 35% or more a progressive reduction of governmentsupport in agriculture, of your com acreage. A dairy farmer, under the IS-month as stated in the OECD declaration and in the Communique of Dairy Herd Termination program, could get payments for the Venice Summit. The EC , which is the largest importer of exterminating his herd. agriculture products in the world, has already shown the way But though food output is decreasing, the farmer contin­ by taking concrete steps in this direction. It has embarked on ues to get little, because the cartel companies pay little. a major program of readjustment of the Common Agriculture Therefore, the subsidies keep a certain number of farmers in Policy by: I) Cutting milk production effectively and reduc­ operation in order to permit the food cartels to acquire cheap ing the guaranteed support in this sector; 2) Reducing guar­ commodities-at the expense of subsidies by taxpayers anteed support in the beef sector; and 3) Applying severe (farmers and average consumers)-while the cartels sell at price cuts in cereals and oil seeds while introducing produc­ whatever price they choose. tion ceilings for soybeans. Moreover, under the infamous "export enhancement" "We would like to see the U.S. government match its program, in effect since 1985, the food cartel companies declarations of intent, with concrete measures having a com­ receive for free , grains and other foodstuffs , from govern­ parable short-termeffect" ment -owned "storage." Supposedly, this is to have a "trickle In other words, these EC officials want both the EC and down" effect to further sales of U.S. crops. Under the recent the United States to drastically reduce food output. However, discount Soviet grain purchase, Cargill and the other private the so-called world food "surpluses"do not exist. Under the exporters got about $50 a ton worth of free governmentgrain , years of International Monetary Fund debt policies, world amounting to a windfall profitof millions. Farmers got noth­ food trade volume has begun to dramatically decline. Coun­ ing. tries capable of producing exportable foodstuffs have seen Finally, there are subsidies that are such swindles by the food stocks "pile up" -both because of the drop in exports, cartel companies, as to make a snake-oil salesman blush. The and because, at the same time , of the lack of purchasing Archer Daniels Midland Corp., whose president, Dwayne power of domestic households. Under these conditions, for Andreas, is the new Armand Hammer-the "business" liai­ example, the U.S. meat animal inventory has declined to son to the Soviet Union-in recent years set up stills to 1960s levels. Farmers have gone out production; millions of produce com alcohol, or ethanol, under the banner of "energy households have poor diets. Under any nutrition-based for­ independence," and get paid a governmentsubsidy of 1O-20¢ eign and domestic government policy, for example, such as a gallon for every gallon of gasoline fortified with ethanol. the wartime and postwar food program based on meeting ADM bought Hiram Walker's Peoria, Illinois plant, the larg­ dietary needs, demand for food would soar. est distillery in the United States, and is making ethanol in At present, the small club of world food commodity com­ order to obtain the governmentprofits. The com belt farmers panies that dominate world food trade , point to the existence get their pitiful $1.50 a bushel, but ADM gets its per-gallon of untraded foodstocks as "proof' of a food glut, and ration­ governmenthandout . A recent check showed that ADM was alization for paying farmers prices far below their costs of even welshing on putting the required amount of ethanol in production. The prominent companies are Cargill, Continen­ the gas. tal , Bunge, Garnac/Andre, Louis Dreyfus, ADM, Nestle, The alternative to the Reagan plan is to cancel all hand­ Unilever, and Toepfer. Policy documents backed by the fam­ outs to the private cartel companies, and to enact a package ilies and private interests behind these companies state, the of emergency measures throughout nations of the Western world is overpopulated, and current numbers of farmers and alliance; to freeze farm sector debt, re-schedule it, contract food stocks are "redundant" and should be eliminated. for increased output, and offer low-interest credits for pro­ duction loans and capital improvements. Anti-trust investi­ How the subsidies maze grew gations and prosecutions are overdue against the well-known U. S. com at $1. 50 a bushel is at least four times under cartel firms. Without such actions, there will only be what cost. Milk at $1 1 per hundred weight is less than half the true the president of the German Farmers Association, Mr. Heere­ production cost. Therefore, in recent years , farm-district man, told 1,700farmers on the July 4th weekend in Aachen: lawmakers , not knowing what to do, have taken farm pro- "a policy of euthanasia for farmers ."

EIR July 17, 1987 Economics 5 Overcoming the Reagan 'Recovety'

The Virginia shipyards: spearhe�d for a nuclear merchant marine by Joyce Fredman

First of a series of surveys of state-level production poten­ techniques for "jumboizing"-taking the existing hull, cut­ tials, showing the means of overcoming the devastation of ting it, and adding sections, like a stretch limousine. the u.s. economy in the Reagan administration's "Great The Virginia yards could build ships 900-1,000 feet Recovery," and restoring real economic growth. long-the type needed for mQdernizing the world merchant fleet. (The biggest tankers on the seas are about 1,200 feet The Commonwealth of Virginia is the home of one of the long.) The yards can pioneer in the construction of modem, world's greatest natural harbors, the mouth of the James large, nuclear-driven merchant ships, because of their expe­ River, and one of the greatest present-day port and shipyard rience with technology for aircraftcarr iers. facilities, Hampton Roads. Yet, despite the Navy construc­ The large, nuclear-driven merchant vessels would be tion ongoing at Hampton Roads yards, most of the potential transoceaniC, point-to-point line vessels, that would be fed of the region is unused. Nationally, the Navy has become, in by smaller oceangoing feeder vessels, barges, and railroad effect, the sole customer for U.S. shipyards, while at the piggy-back systems. same time, the U.S. merchant marine is in a crisis state of Hampton Roads itself is one of the leading shipping hubs decline. of the world, and serves one of the world's most productive There have been no new orders for merchant vessels in hinterlands. However, at present, the Hampton Roads port U.S. yards in three years , and none in the planning stages. infrastructure is used at less than 50% of capacity. Reflecting This degradation of the national marine industrial base is a the intense competition for shrinking freight flows, CSX national security issue, not merely a problem for the shipyard Corp., a Richmond-based transportation company, which industrial centers of Virginia, New England, the Gulf, and acquired Sea-Land shipping company in 1986, reported a the West Coast. However, the particular industrial and hu­ drop of 19% in its second quarter net income this year. man resources concentrated in Hampton Roads could lead the way nationally to both an expanded Navy and merchant Ports ship capacities needed by the United States and allies. The James River portcomplex includes one of the finest By the 1980s, the Western merchant fleet should already natural harbors in the world and two upriver ports. Hampton have been nuclear-powered, and reticulated into a grand ar­ Roads harbor and shipping center consists of marine termi­ ray of vessels ranging from jumbo "mother" ships, down to nals in Newport News, Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Chesa­ coastal and river vessels. However, decades of regressive peake. Hampton Roads is comprised of nine independent International MonetaryFund and related policies, have now cities and three counties; the 1 ,974-square-mile region goes decreased trade volume, and created what the IMF calls an from Williamsburg to the North Carolina border. It is pres­ "overcapacity" of merchant ships. The entire monetary sys­ ently the country's 29th largest market. Two-thirds of the tem needsrevamping to servea restored production and trade­ nation's population and three-jourths of its manufacturing based system. The Virginia facilities can lead the way in activitylie within a 750-mile radius of the port, which also is creatinga modernized, nuclearfleet for a once-again growing the home of the world's largest naval installation, NATO's world economy. United States headquarters command, and headquarters of TheVirginia shipyards, whichbuilt the USS United States the Atlantic fleet (see Figure 1). superliner, can build anything. In the past, these yards have This ice-free port is served by 45-foot deepwater channels built close to 3,000 commercial vessels and perfected the and is capable of handling large volumes of nearly every

6 Economics EIR July 17, 1987 FIGURE 1 Three-quarters of U.S. manufacturing activity lies within a 750-mile radius of t1ampton Roads • ��;l \" \ �\ IW ' '\ .,." \ =f�� \. �!# i '\\ i. , ... . \ \) J i �=: ...... ,... . .1.- , 1 --..J-----T_J_=·-..- .."' �"""'_ • ! i . 'I . , I" t-.-.-.-.-.� j'. \ . . , I I ! \.-'-'-'-'-'-'1' • ·-·-·-·- \'_'- ; ! · r -4." i _._._ . ..L._, \... . _ !-._.-._._., . -' ., ! - "m.• , \ _·_·-!·_·_·_·_· .l_·_·_·_·_· 1... ·_· ! f ._ . ..., \ - \- , .i! ,. l . I'. , I ._ ....r"" ._._j

Employment in manufacturing: percentage of natiQnal total Of U.S. national total. Of Canadian national total C

• _ n Less than 0.5- 1.0- Po. !'- ! II Over 0.5 0.9 2.9 4.9 6.9 8.9 10.9 "20.0 Source: Rand·McNally World AUas. 20

category of cargo: containerized, breakbulk, heavylift, roll­ folk, which has both rail and truck acOess. It includes 97,000 on/roll-off, LASH, liquid, and dry bulk. square feet of warehouse space on a :22-acre site which can The upriver ports on the James are at Hopewell-origi­ be used for storage, distribution, and light assembly opera­ nally a chemical center-and in Richmond, the state capital. tions. The James River ports , combined with Alexandria on the Potomac , account for approximately 7.8% of the nation's The largest U.S. shipbuilder foreign tonnage. Newport News Shipbuilding, located at the Port of In 1985, more than 58 million tons of foreign trade went Hampton Roads in Newport News, is the largest shipbuilding through Virginia ports. Traditionally, Hampton Roads is the complex in the United States. Founded in 1886, it is a sub­ number-one export port in the nation, a capacity which could sidiary of Tenneco , Inc. Here is the country's foremost build­ beexpanded much more . er ofnuclear warships for the U.S. Navy. This Virginia yard According to the Virginia Department of Economic De­ . represents a not inconsequential potential when one considers velopment, regularly scheduled steamship services extend to that presently, the U.S. Navy is hal( the size of the Soviet every comer of the globe, with more than 75 steamship lines Union's, and its number of submarines is only one-third linking Hampton Roads with 260 ports in 97 foreign coun­ theirs. tries. The port is served by interconnecting transportation As this complex has historically been a leader in the systems-5 railroads, 10 airlines, approximately 135 motor application of high technology to shipbuilding and provided fre ight carriers , and river channels (see Figure 2). In addi­ a variety of engineering and design services to the Navy, it is tion, there is a general purpose Foreign Trade Zone in Suf- worth taking a somewhat detailed look at the capacity.

EIR July 17, 1987 Economics 7 According to the 1986 report of the Maritime Adminis­ graving docks in operation, two of which are used for con­ tration, the 150-acre north yard was designed for high pro­ struction work and are service by a 31O-long-ton (315 metric duction and efficiency and has the capability to handle large ton) gantry crane. The larger Uof these two basins can handle components from fabricating areas to final erection. Data ships up to 1,100 feet by 136 feet (335 m x 41 m) . The other storage and retrieval systems control material storage and four of the six graving docks iJll thesouth yard are used mainly work flow. The building basin, the largest in the country, is for ship repair and overhaul work. Seven piers for outfitting 1,613 feet (492 m) long, 250 feet (76 m) wide, and 33 feet and topside repair are available with a combined berthing (10 m) deep. The 1982 addition of two 30-metric-ton cranes space of approximately 12,000 linear feet (3,658 m) . These and a thirdposition for the intermediate gate further expands piers are serviced by cranes with capacities of up to 50 tons themulti-ship construction capability of this dock, permitting (45 metric tons) and are supplemented by locomotive cranes -simultaneous ship construction and repair. and floating derricks with capacities to 67 tons (61 metric A 900-metric-ton, 23-story Goliath gantry crane, one of tons). thelargest in the world , can handle completely outfitted as­ Again, according to the 1986 Maritime Administration semblies. This crane services the graving dock and the final report, Newport News has built23 aircraft carriers , 37 nucle­ assembly platen and has a height of 234 feet (71 m) overall, ar-powered submarines, and PI other surface ships for the a girder clearance of 200feet (61 m) and a span between rail U.S. Navy. In terms of commercial vessels, the yard has centers of 540 feet (165 m) . The yard also has one 1,670-foot built 71 cargo ships, 85 tankers, 61 passenger ships (includ­ (509 m) outfitting berth and one 950-foot (290 m) outfitting ing the famed superliner UnitedStates), and more than 50 berth, each of which is serviced by two 30-metric-toncrane s. other vessels. Newport News was a pioneer in the field of The older south yard has two inclined ship building ways; jumboizing ships, and since .1957 has completed 34 such thelarger of these can accommodate vessels as large as 668 operations. As of Oct. 1, 1986, the yard was at work on three feet by 93 feet (204 m x 28 m) . In this yard , there are six Nimitz class aircraft carriers and seven attack submarines.

FIGURE 2 Existing rail and airport facilities of Hampton Roads could be geared up to facilitate greater trade for this world-renowned port

"

" /

� Oceana Naval I�Air Station

+-++-+ Railroads Airports Ports

Chesapeake / Municipal Airport

8 Economics EIR July 17, 1987 The last commercial vessel built in the yard was the Chemical shipyards in the city of Norfolk, the Berkely, Brambleton, Pioneer, delivered in September 1983. and Southernplants , employing about 3,200 as of June 1986. The ship repair functions include tank cleaning and coating, The yard's facilities machinery, electrical, carpentry, steel, piping, nondestruc­ In July 1983, Newport News announced plans to build a tive testing, blasting, and painting. new $300-million submarine construction and repair com­ Norshipco has had an ongoing programof capital invest­ plex. The facility will be used mainly for nuclear attack ment, putting a premium on expansion and modernization. submarines and will be completed in 1988. In June this year, One important example of this was the 1985 purchase and 125 laid-off industrial workers were re-hired, and notices to installation of a one-piece, steel floating drydock to replace employ marine design engineers and analaysts have been the 40-year-old, 6-section, 12,OOO-ton-capacity wooden dry­ released. dock in the Berkely Plant. The new drydock can accommo­ The project will involve four new building ways, a major date a vessel up to 750 feet by 90 feet with a lifting capacity new construction facility under cover, new outboard ways, a of 20,000 long tons. In 1986, Norshipco completed the in­ 6OO-foot (183 m) floating drydock, and the addition of two stallation of a large diesel engine parts repair facility known new piers. The Ring Module Shop was completed in Novem­ as Diesel Marine Norshipco. ber 1985. In this 51O-foot by 106-foot shop, individual sub­ marine hull rings are welded together to form module-length units and structural tanks, including piping, and are installed, welded, and tested. Some of the other facilities which are utilized in ship ��If 017laha Steaks Since 1917 construction and repair, manufacturing, and industrial work are: • A steel fabrication shop where various types of steel and other metals, ranging in thickness from one-eighth of an inch to 6 inches, up to 45 feet long weighing as much as 17.5 tons, are cut and shaped to design specifications. • A fully equipped wood pattern shop facility . • One of the nation's largest foundries, where steel cast­ ings weighing as much as 138 ,000 lbs. and alloy steels, copper, nickel, aluminum, brass, and other nonferrous alloys are poured .

• A machining complex with over 250 machines, in­ · T"� ... ··· ··· ···········,.w.·.·.,""=,.v.·,... ,·",,···,_· · cluding a 42-foot boring mill, and lathes with maximum Make those special occasions truly ._,. little... swing of 124 inches diameter and lengths up to 68 feet be­ ...n ..erness memorablel Just try a little tender­ ness. Candlelight...soft music... and ... magnificent, aged Filet tween centers . Mignons. Perfect. Experts select and prepare each filet! Their • A large pipe fabrication facility with machines capable artistry in cutting and aging is your assurance of utmost in enjoy­ of bending pipe up to 12 feet in diameter, horizontal boring ment. Steaks arrive frozen. Complete satisfaction guaranteed. mills, automatic welding machines, cleaning equipment, and Six 6 oz. Filet Mignons. 1114" thick nondestructive and hydrostatic testing capabilities. (reg. $52.95) ...... $29.95 • A large sheet-metal facility capable of manufacturing (pluS S4 50 shipping handling) sheet-metal components required for outfitting ships and oth­ YOU SAVE $23.00 OFFER VALID ONLY IN 48 STATES UNTIL MAY 31,1987. er similar applications. • Electrical switchboard and panel shops capable of OR SAVE EVEN MORE ... Twelve 6 oz. Filet Mignons at manufacturing large and small electrical switchboards and Extra special price of ...... $58.95 (pluS 54 50 shipping handling) panels. LIMIT OF 2 PACKAGES PER ORDER • A computer center, testing laboratories, and over 1 million square feet of inside storage, including a 106,000- Phone or mail order. Use major credit card and square-foot automated material storage facility. Ca ll Free 1-800-228-9055 The labor force at Newport News has reached a peak of In Nebraska phone 0·402·391·31160 coliect. 30,000, and dropped to 28,500 a year ago, and down another Order today or write for FREE catalog and 10"10 dllcount coupon. 1,500 workers since. Not nearly as large as Newport News, but considered to HID �.g_<7�11! be among the best equipped on the East Coast, is Norfolk 017lahaDept. 17861 Steaks P.O. Box 3300 I Omaha, NE 68103 Shipbuilding & Drydock Corp. (Norshipco). It has three

EIR July 17, 1987 Economics 9 ploiting the work of the public information agency, the Na­ tional Institute of Agronomy Research (INRA). This agency, collaborating with fivefarmer cooperatives-founders of the Union of the Club of Sunflower Seeds (UCST), developed hybrid sunflower types suitable for the European climate. Cargill monopolizes Cargill was the first to offer a gamut of sunflower types and rapidly took command of 51% of the sunflowerseedstock French sunflower market. This, in tum, gave Cargill a powerful position in AMSOL (Association of Ob4tiners and Breeders of Plant and by Christophe Laverhne andMarcia Merry Oil Seeds). Cargill had positioned itself so that whatever the size of the annual seedcrop harvest, the "Cargill boys" would absorb and control a sizable amount. The story of the commercial sunflowerin France is a tale of In addition to this, Cargill quickly arranged to acquire the thousand-and-one swindles of the Cargill grain cartel sunflowerseeds fromHungaty for seedcrop sales, amounting company. From U.S. beef, to Brazilian orange juice, to dis­ to 70% of Cargill's total sales. The Hungarian seeds are lower count grain to the Soviets, and now sunflowers in France, in price and inferior in quality. Cargill would mix them with Cargill has positioned itself to dominate production, trade, the superior French seeds, so the Cargill boys could "buy and supply. The same is done by the other cartelcompanies­ cheap and sell dear." The Fr�nch farmer is trapped into pay­ Continental, Bunge, Louis Dreyfus, Andre/Garnac, Nestle, ing Cargill's high price, for seeds that are inferior. Unilever, Archer Daniels Midland, and so forth. The issue is not "greed" or "bigness." The issue is starvation versus eco­ The sunftower seed war nomic health and progress. Here is the Cargill French sun­ To further assure Cargill's interests, the cartel boys have flower story . intervened to make sure that sunflowerseeds are sold in bulk, Certain varieties of sunflowersyield seeds rich in protein, by weight, instead of by count in thousands of seeds. If high­ and are economical for intensive cattle feed. The plant-of quality seeds could be sold at a premium price, for example, the genus Helianthus-originated in North America-and 20% more, farmers could avoid Cargill's practice of mixing worldwide has today become the third most important source inferior Hungarian seeds willi- the high-quality French types. of vegetable oil, after soybeans and palm oil. Moreover, superior French seeds could be sold on the inter­ Kansas is known as the "sunflower" state. Since the1970s, national market, with benefi� to all concerned in terms of when improved varieties became available, U.S. sunflower yields and prices. seed output has grown. The largest world producer is the A battle has ensued over themode of seed sales. In 1986, Soviet Union, which specialized in sunflowerplant improve­ some of the UCST farmer cooperativesbegan marketing their ments. The sunflower head, which may grow over 17 inches seeds by count. Cargill retaliated. wide, produces up to 1,000seeds. A high-quality type is used The UCST farmers attempted to get AMSOL-to which for margarine and cooking oil. The familiar striped variety is some of them belong-to officially request that the govern­ used in birdfeed and snack food. The variety used for cattle ment enforce seed sales by count. Cargill, the largest single feed produces small black seeds that are 50% oil. buyer of seeds, threatened to boycott any grower who wanted In France, from 1975 to 1986, sunflower cropland rose seeds bought and sold by quality and count. One of the UCST from 100,000 hectares to 850,000 hectares. The impetus for farmer cooperatives, after trying to sell by count, lost 250 this increasewas theneed for high-protein animalfeed sources, hectares worth of output, amounting to 11 million francs. to provide the rations for intensive beef cattle production. The continued existence of the cooperative is now in jeop­ France had been heavily dependent on soybean feedstocks ardy. from the United States, and was hard-hit by the 1973 Soviet Cargill organized retribution against the UCST seed­ intervention to buy up U.S. stocks. Sunflowers offered a growers within AMSOL, attempting to coerce other AMSOL good alternative. members to align against the! UCST position. The farmer is Sunflowers, along with leguminous crops, are suitable tied hand and foot by CargilL Not only must he buy seed at for French growing conditions; the idea was promoted by the price and quality CargiU offers, but Cargill buys his French and certain EC officials. However, the actions of harvest. If he bucks Cargill's desires in AMSOL, he loses Cargill to dominate sunflower production give evidence of his sales contracts. the need to shut down Cargill and all other cartels' privileges. At a plenarymeeting on Nov. 7, 1986, AMSOL officially The functioning of Cargill and other cartel interests in terms rejected the proposal to ask tIiIe government to authorize the of any other nationally beneficialcrop-for example, corn­ sale of sunflower seeds by the count instead of by bulk. is exactly the same. Not content with this, Cargill's actions against UCST In 1973, Cargill-France decided to invest in the sunflower farmer cooperatives that try to market seeds by the count, market, to compete against soybeans. Cargill began by ex- extended to a dirtytrick of requesting that all sacks of UCST

10 Economics EIR July 17, 1987 seeds be removed from farm suppliers' shelves, on the con­ trived grounds that they violated some conduct-of-advertis­ ing code, which prohibits any reference to a competitor with­ Currency Rates out naming him. Fortunately, a court ruled that the UCST did not violate any such code, and that the reference to an The dollar in deutschemarks "unamed competitor" was permissible in this case because New York late afternoon fixing everyone knew Cargill was the dominant competitor in sun­ flower seed sales. So the UCST sacks stayed on the shelves. 2.10 However, the UCST has not been able to market its stocks 2.00 by the count. Little by little, the farmer cooperatives stand to go under, and be replaced or bought out by persons directly 1.90 or indirectly subservient to Cargill policies. Cargill is posi­ tioning its storage and shipping facilities exactly as it like. � 1.80 � - ,.... There is growing sentiment among French farmers to end "'--' I"'" the "liberal" economic policies guiding the General Agree­ 1.70 717 ment on Tariffs and Trade nations domestically, and instead 5/19 5/26 6/2 6/9 6/16 6123 6/341 adopt programs of orderly internal market organization, and guarantees of parity prices. Internationally,there needs to be The dollar in yen New York late afternoon fixing a new Marshall Plan-as proposed by French Agriculture Minister Fran�ois Guillaume-to provide food aid and de­ 170 velopment assistance favoring food production for Third World countries. 160 As one grower who grudgingly works for Cargill put it,

"If all the com and sunflower producers knew what Cargill ISO costs them, this multinational would be packing its bags right .-"... now." 140 � � 1"-'r--

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EIR July 17, 1987 Economics 11 conference make it possible to define the state of a cell or tissue as a whole. This would be important, Dulbecco re­ marked, because "we will not be able to solve the AIDS problem with our present [molecular biology] techniques." The conference proceeded to an intensive review of the science and technology of optical biophysics, with presen­ tations by some of the world's pioneers in this field. Chuck Gregg of Los Alamos presented the multiparameter light­ scattering technique for identifyingviruses and bacteria. James Italian firm promotes Fraser of M.D. Anderson Hospital, Texas, reviewed the re­ markable capabilities of nuclear magnetic resonance spec­ troscopy, tomography, and related techniques for the study optical biophysics and treatment of disease processes. Fritz Popp of the Tech­ nology Center in Kaisersliiutern, West Germany presented While theU.S. government and research institutions have so one of the most revolutionary fields of biophysics, the study far ignored Lyndon LaRouche's call to make optical bio­ of the "laser-like" ultraweak light emission produced by all physics thecenterpiece of a scientific crash program against living cells. Herbert Klima of the Atominstitut in Vienna AIDS, some U.S. allies are more far-sighted. described how he is applying the measurement of cell photon Last year, the Japanese government announced a new emission to monitor the functioning of the human immune multi billion-dollar program of basic biological research, and system. Sidney Webb of British Columbia, Canada, an early teams of Japanese industrialscientists toured biophysics lab­ pioneer of laser applications to biology, described the theo­ oratories all over the world as part of a strategyto make Japan retical and practical importance of microwave and laser Ra­ theworld leader in biotechnology. man spectroscopy of living cells. Europe has gottenthe message, too. The Italian industrial Ulrich Seydel of the Borstel Research Institute, West giant Montedison assembled a group of leading researchers Germany presented a remarkable instrument called a "laser in optical biophysics "to verify the level achieved in 'physi­ microprobe mass spectrometer," which makes it possible to cal-analytical' methods that can be applied to living organ­ carry out an instantaneous chemical analysis of a single bac­ isms such as bacteria, cells, and tissues," in the words of terial or other cell. The relevance of these advanced biophys­ Montedison president Mario Schimberni. Although the ex­ ical techniques to the fight ag,inst AIDS was developed by plicit topic was not AIDS research per se, but "Biophysical Jonathan Tennenbaum, director of the Fusion Energy Foun­ Methodsin Medical Research andBiotechnology ," the Mon­ dation in Europe, from Wiesbllden, West Germany. Profes­ tedison symposium, held in Milan on June 23-24, followed sor Bergamini, one of Italy's leading AIDS researchers, closely the tracks laid out in a two-part series in EIR (Vol. underlined the urgent need for scientific breakthroughs in 14, Nos. 10-11) on the role of optical biophysics in finding a AIDS treatment by presenting the latest statistics on the dis­ curefor AIDS. astrous spread of AIDS worldwide and in Italy in particular. In opening the conference, Schimberni announced that The second day of the conference was devoted mostly to his company is starting a project to develop "advanced ana­ discussion of the advanced computer hardware and software lytical equipment" which would combine optical biophysics needed to transform the huge mass of data produced by bio­ instrumentation with state-of-the-art computer technology. physical instruments, into information which a doctor could "Once this instrument has been developed," he said, "it will used, for example, to determine the state of a patient's liver. be able to contribute to the experimental verification of bio­ It was proposed that special "patternrecognition" techniques logical models which are the expression of a new multidis­ could be employed to allow computers to identify different ciplinary science: 'theoretical medicine. '" areas of the biological "phase space." This could eventually The conference was chaired by Nobel Prize winner in lead to a new generation of diagnosticequipment for hospitals medicine, Prof. Renato Dulbecco of the Salk Institute in and clinics. California, who beganby building a bridge between his field, TheMontedison conference is an encouraging sign that, molecular biology, and the often undervalued field of bio­ at least in Europe, the revolutionary potential of optical bio­ physics. "After all," Dulbecco declared, "molecular biology physics has been recognized and steps are being taken to. itself is based on physics." He was referring to such tech­ realize that potential. This comes as a breath of fre sh air after niquesas electronmicroscopy , radioactive tracers , and x-ray the mammoth Third InternationalAIDS Conference in Wash­ diffraction which laid the basis for discovery of the structure ington in June, which amounted to little more than an expen­ of DNA and modem genetic engineering. But "we should not sive display of political censorship and scientificmediocrity. lookat a cell as just a bag of molecules or a bag of anything," Certainly, the Milan conference offered more hope for the Dulbecco stressed. Instead, new techniques presented at the millions already infected by the deadly AIDS virus.

12 Economics EIR July 17, 1987 Medicine by John Grauerholz, M.D.

LaRouche 'bugs' AIDS lobby it takes a lot of virus to cause infec­ Realityhas started to intrude on thefa ntasies of the Atlanta tion. This might sound reassuring if it Centersfor Disease Control. weren't for the fact. that a little over 10 years ago human infection by any re­ trovirus was only hypothetical; that, as the recent cases of health workers infected by touching infected blood show, the virus is not that hard to T he pressure is beginning to tell on including a two-column article in the transmit; and that there is no scientific the AIDS lobby. What with the cases Atlanta Journal-Constitution. basis for the contention that it takes a of three health care workers infected An even more revealing develop­ lot of virus to cause infection. Indeed by touching AIDS infected blood, a ment occurred around a conference this latter statement sounds hauntingly recent spate of legislation calling for convened by the Congressional Office similar to the oft-heard assertion that routine testing and other public health of Technology Assessment to exam­ semen is a particularly rich source of measures, and the President's limited, ine evidence for the ability, or inabil­ virus, which serves as the basis for but still significant, testing policy an­ ity, of insects to carry and transmitthe advocating condoms to prevent AIDS' nounced on the eve of the recent AIDS AIDS virus. A number of scientists spread. There is no evidence that there conference in Washington, D.C., one were contacted and told to stay away is any virusin semen other than that in gets the impression of a definite trend from the meeting because it was a a few white blood cells which may be toward an approach based on presi­ "LaRouche operation." present in the semen. dential candidate Lyndon H. La­ When Dr. Robert Gallo was con­ Mechanical transmission of two Rouche's proposals. tacted about the study, he acknowl­ animal retroviruses, equine infectious Indeed LaRouche's prediction, edged that the preliminary data indi­ anemia and bovine leukemia, is well after the defeat of Proposition 64 last cated that mosquitoes could carry the documented. As Dr. Ricardo Vero­ November in California, that within virus but that transmission of infection nesi, of Sao Paolo University Medical six months those who spoke against had not yet been demonstrated. School in Brazil, recently observed, the proposition would be calling for Interestingly Gallo was one of the "If [equine infectious anemia] is trans­ the same measures, has been borneout scientists not interviewed for an arti­ mitted from horse to horse by flies, in spades. cle on AIDS and mosquitoes pub­ why not the human AIDS disease?" One of the more amusing manifes­ lished in the July 7 issue of the Wash­ The Post intetviewed Dr. Mark tations of how thoroughly LaRouche ington Post. Subtitled "Transmission Whiteside of the Institute of Tropical has come to dominate the AIDS issue by Insects Is Deemed Virtually Im­ Medicine in Miami, Florida, on the occurredaround the announcement of possible," it contains statements by question of environmental factors, ex­ a study conducted at the Medical En­ various CDC officials everybit as cat­ cept they decided :to refer to him as tomology Laboratory of Vero Beach, egorical and authoritative as the state­ Mark Whitehead. Then citing a CDC Florida. The study, carried out under ments made by Red Cross and other study which supposedly ruled out in­ a contract from Dr. Robert Gallo's officials in 1983 that AIDS absolutely sect transmission. the article dis­ laboratory at the National Cancer In­ could not be acquired by blood trans­ cussed evidence for insect transmis­ stitute, demonstrated that the AIDS fusion. sion of hepatitis-B and concludedwith virus can live for several days in mos­ One scientist interviewed was Dr. some reassuring words of wisdom by quitoes fed on infected blood. Thomas Monath of the CDC's Divi­ Dr. Robert Windom, assistant U.S. When this story was reported in sion of Vector Borne Viral Diseases secretary for health; that "we're as sure the Atlanta Constitution. a homosex­ in Fort Collins, Colorado. According as you can be in science" that insects ual-dominated social service group, to the article, Monath contends that don't transmitAIDS . called "AID Atlanta," called a press mechanical transmission of viruses in Obviously only a spoilsport like conference to denounce it as a "right­ humans, the postulated mechanism for Lyndon LaRouche would disagree. wing scare tactic" attributed mainly to AIDS transmissionby insects, is only When reality intruC:tes on CDC's fan­ Lyndon LaRouche! The statement was hypothetical and is highly unlikely be­ tasies, it must be a LaRouche opera­ carried on most major Atlanta media, cause AIDS is difficult to transmit and tion.

EIR July 17, 1987 Economics 13 of wide scale pesticide spraying. The FAO claimed in fall 1986 that their efforts had been "successful." Now they plan to repeat their deliberately in­ effective campaign, piecing together international donations FAO watches as of small planes and hand-sprayers to dispense over millions of infested acres. locusts hit Mri ca FAO locust chief Brader adamantly defended this small­ scale approach in an interview with this author in February 1987. When told that U. S. entomologists universally disa­ by MaIjorie Mazel Hecht greed, Brader stated that the FAO preferred a "different ap­ proach ." �ftera 1986 anti-locust campaign that was too little too late, This FAO policy guarantees the loss of food crops and the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is re­ grazing land for cattle in a continent already decimated by peating that failure this year-with devastating results for drought and starvation. It is no accident that the worst-hit Africa. plague areas coincide with those same areas where the FAO By April 1987, eight countries in West Africa and the thinks the African population has exceeded the land's "car­ Sahel had declared a disaster because of the heavy grasshop­ rying capacity." per and locust infestation: Burkina Faso, Chad, Gambia, The destruction offood cropsand grazing land by billions Guinea Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, and Sudan. In northern of these voracious insects can be stopped this year, as it Nigeria, the FAO reported that the number of grasshopper could have been stopped last year. The FAO simply has to egg pods was the highest ever recorded: 1.3 million hectares follow the successful method by which the United States requireemergency treatment. has kept locusts and grasshoppers from taking over Amer­ In addition, swarms of desert locusts are already sweep­ ica's food supply: careful monitoring using the most ad­ ing through East Africa and across the Red Sea to Saudi vanced satellite technologies, widescale pesticide spraying, Arabia. Larger swarms are predicted later this year in Chad, and adequate funding to carry out the program in time to Somalia, and northern Kenya. In northern Ethiopia and Su­ prevent the insects from breeding. The United States now dan,the situation is "alarming," said Lukas Brader, head of routinely spends about $35 million a year in grasshopper FAO's Emergency Center for Locust Operations. Locust control, aerially spraying about 13 million acres of grass­ swarms in Ethiopia took over therunway , forcing the airport lands. at Asmara to close. The United States has the large planes, DC-7s, available An ancient scourge to spray hundreds of thousands of acresquickly- l ,000 miles The locust has periodically devastated Africa, the Mid­ per sortie, flying at 200 miles per hour and cutting a swath east, and southern Asia for centuries. Man has fought at least 660 feet wide. So far, the State Department has declined to five great wars against locusts in this century, the last major use the big planes, instead implementing the FAO's malthu­ battle being in 1967-68, when locusts migrated from Sudan, sian policy that has written off Africa's population. west across the Sahel to MorQCco, and from Saudi Arabia to the Mideast, Iran, and India. Deliberate failure There are 10,000 species of grasshoppers in the world, As I reported last year in EIR, it was the FAO failure to about a dozen of which are known as locusts. There is not spray infested grasslands in 1986 that ensured that new gen­ much difference between them, except that all locusts have erations of locusts and grasshoppers would hatch out of con­ the potential to become gregarious when a certainpopulation trolthis spring fromeggs laid last year. By mid- to late-July, threshold is reached-swarming out of their breeding areas depending on the rains in West Africa, millions of grasshop­ by the millions, migrating where the winds take them, strip­ per eggs will begin hatching, leaving just 30 days in which ping all vegetation where they land, and leaving one or two to kill the pests before theymature and lay another generation generations of eggs behind. Locusts travelup to 3,000 miles of eggs. The timing is crucial, for each new generation is 10 per generation. times larger than the previous one. Their destructive power is staggering: Locusts have a Right now, the United States has committed $7.6 million powerful chewing jaw and can eat 2 to 3 grams each day­ to the anti-locust fight, sending teams of specialists to West two to three times their weight. Thus, an adult swarm of Africa and the Sahel and sending two small spraying planes locusts can go through 200 to 600 tons of vegetation daily, to Senegal, with larger DC-7 s on standby. leaving only starvationfor the human and animal inhabitants. Until the hatching actually begins, the dimensions of the Even when grasshoppers are not in a swarm stage, they infestation are not known. However, to succeed in stopping can demolish the vegetation. Just one grasshopperper square the plague, the United States must wage an all-out war against yard over a I-acre area can consume 12 to 15 pounds of thepests-and this means taking on the FAO on the question forage over a 30-day period.

14 Economics EIR July 17, 1987 Mrican Report by MaryLalevee

Everything keeps falling been forced to export more capital than For all their euphemism and understatement, new reports ever before in history-more than post-Versailles Germany-with some document how the continent is being looted into extinction. countries tran�ferring resources "equivalent to almost 10% of GDP to half of the goverpment's revenues in the period 1982-84." For the non-oil exporting developing countries, "an , average positive net transfer of around Africa has to face the fact that Debt service now takes up 60% of $50 billion in 1980-8 1 had turnedinto either we act together, or we will all Sub-Saharan Africa's export earn­ a negative one of almost $14 billion be crushed. If we don't mobilize to­ ings, the Gross National Product has by 1984, and this is estimated to have gether, we will be crushed one after fallen, and 1986 export revenues were doubled the following year." another," said Congolese President only $45 billion, compared to $64 bil­ UNCTAD points out that the dras­ N'Guesso, this year's chairman of the lion in 1985, a fall of 29%, largely due tic fall in imports of the developing Organizationof African Unity (OAU). to the fall in commodity prices. Debt countries, by ono-fifth between 1981- He was speaking at a recent confer­ payments were $14 billion in 1986. 85, has cost the OECD nations "sev­ ence of the U.N. Economic Commis­ Commercial bank flows dropped to a eral million man-years of employ­ sion for Africa (ECA) in Nigeria's new mere $1.1 billion in 1986, compared ment." Exports to Africa fell by one­ capital, Abuja. to about $3.5 billion in 1981. third during this period, and have cer­ N'Guesso warned that "in the cri­ U.S. aid to Africa has also fallen, tainly fallen even. more since then. sis shaking Africa, there will be no with $739 million promised for 1987, The documents point out that the room for islands of prosperity. It is an down 24% from the $972 million creditor countries and institutions have illusion to think that there could be promised in 1986. Canada now gives developed an "in�rnational debt strat­ islands which could go on with pros­ more aid to Africa than the United egy" in the 1980$, based on the argu­ perity while the rest of Africa is suf­ States does. ment that "the root cause of the diffi­ fering under the debt crisis. There are The conference of the U.N. Com­ culties being encOuntered by debtors more and more tendencies for egoism, mission on Trade and Development lay with the policies of those countries but there is no other solution than a (UNCTAD) started July 8 in Geneva, themselves. " common political will to act." and the preparatory documents reveal The UNCTAD document wonders N'Guesso said that the next OAU the depth of the crisis. The documents how "such grave shortfalls in manage­ summit meeting at the end of July in show that talk of a "recovery" is a ment should arise simultaneously in Addis Ababa could discuss a common myth: "The 1980s have been notable such a large number of countries." In position for Africa on the debt. for the most severe setback to the de­ an implicit criticism of IMF-dictated The conference reviewed the eco­ velopment process in the last three programs, the document says, "All in nomic situation on the continent, one decades.... Recent reductions in all, the impression has sometimes been year after the special U. N. session on many developing countries' invest­ given that the main purpose of exter­ Africa in June 1986. At that confer­ ments in productive capacity and nal financing is to encourage policy ence, African governments had infrastructure and in their expenditure changes rather 1Ihan to transfer re­ pledged to concentrate efforts on de­ on key social services can be expected sources." Indeed. veloping agriculture, insisted on by to harm their ability to meet the future The UNCTAD report shows that the World Bank and the IMF, while needs of their populations.... In in countries wheredrastic IMF auster­ the West had promised increased fi­ several developing countries, there is ity programs have been implemented nancial aid. Since last June, however, evidence of rises in malnutriton closely are now much worse off than others. the desperate efforts which have been associated with the setbacks to devel­ French President Fran�ois Mitter­ made by African governments to con­ opment of the 1980s, especially among rand is due to address the UNCTAD form to the rules laid down by inter­ the poor and their children." conference. French Premier Jacques national institutions and banks have For all its euphemism and under­ Chirac has hinted that a major policy not led to any improvement in their statement, the report does document proposal will be presented in Geneva countries' situation. On the contrary. how certain developing countries have on African debt.

EIR July 17, 1987 Economics 15 Business Briefs

Development investors, also previously limited to 10%, company:'s sale of submarine technology to are now allowed 100% ownership. the Soviets, and an effort to use the scandal Peru, Brazil sign to tighten relations between allies, rather than loosen them. accord on Amazon "The damage done to our mutual secu­ rity was, of course, significant," Weinber­ Peruvian President Alan Garcia and Brazil's The Great Recovery ger told a news conference in Tokyo. "We Jose Sarney signed an agreement July 2, to will simply have to try to make sure that in promote development of the Amazon River Allis-Chalmers working together with our mutual talents, basin. The two countries share a 3,OOO-kilo­ goes bankrupt capabilities and energies, we keep a lead meter border in the Amazon. over the Soviets in anti-submarine warfare ." "The Declaration of Rio Branco" reiter­ Once one of the nation's leading farm­ ates the special interest of the two countries equipment and heavy-machinery producers , in improving navigation and providing basic Allis-Chalmers Corp. , was forced to file for services like public health to the popUlation Insurance Chapter 11 bankruptcy on June 29. It had living in the region . lost money for most of thc decade, and end­ The two leaders also negotiated a com­ Property/casualty in ed 1986 with $8.6 million in the black on mercial agreement to regulate trade within $771.2 million in sales-and that was its the common region, using each nation's na­ trouble, health next best year since 1980. tional currency. Allis-Chalmers has been steadily selling Many property/casualty insurers in the off chunks of its operations. The only U. S. United States are in immediate danger of operations it plans to keep going are its air insolvency, but the health insurance indus­ filters business and some minor real estate try faces absolute catastrophe just down the holdings. road, thanks to the spread of AIDS , a III 1986, the federally funded pension Finance congressional panel has been told . insurance agency, tlte Pension Benefit The National Association of Insurance Guaranty Corp., assumed $170 million of Canada deregulates Commissioners told congressmen July 2 that Allis-Chalmers' pension liabilities. of the 2, 127 property/casualty insurers whose securities markets One major goal of the company's reor­ 1986 financialrecords it had examined, 513, ganization plan is to convert a major portion or 24. 1 %, were judged to be "in need of The securities industry was radically dere­ of debt into equity. Another is to try , as immediate regulatory attention" (in danger gulated June 30 in Ontario-the center of several other companies have tried , to use of insolvency) or to be "targeted for future Canadian finance: 75% of the country's se­ Chapter 11 filingsto end their obligations to scrutiny'" (potential long-term financial curities business is transacted there . The employees for health benefits . This has been problems) . other nine provinces had previously had more temporarily blocked by Congress, but the However, Michael A. Hatch, commis­ liberal rules than Ontario , but now are ex­ limitation is scheduled to run out in Septem­ sioner of fommerce and a member ofNAIC, pectedto race to deregulate as fast as Ontar- ber. said that , these problems "pale beside the io . long-term threat faced by the life and health New rules governing ownership of se­ insurance companies, which must deal with curities dealerships will open the once closely the growing epidemic" of AIDS . guarded industry in two steps, lifting bar­ Defense Industry riers to foreigners and domestic institutions outside the industry such as banks, trusts, u.s., Japan to run and insurers . New regulations will permit foreign ASW joint project Health , ownership of 50% of a Canadian securities dealership-the previous limit had been U. S. Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger House cuts 10%. Foreigners will also be allowed to reg­ has struck an agreement with the Japanese ister and conduct what are called "exempt for a joint anti-submarine warfare (ASW) Medicare outlays market" transactions-trading in govern­ project. Weinberger announced in Tokyo ment and corporate bonds. On June 30, 1988, June 29 that the two countries would work The Ways and Means subcommittee on foreigners will be allowed 100% ownership together to keep an edge over the Soviet health of the u.s. Congress voted July 1 to and will be unrestricted. Union in ASW. cut Medicare outlays by $1.5 billion in This new provision gives domestic fi­ The defense secretary's move is in clear FY1988, primarily by holding increases in nancial institutions a one-year head start, defiance of the latest round of congressional hospital payment rates to 1%. That is about since Canadian banks, trusts, insurers , and "Jap-bashing" precipitated by the Toshiba one-fifth the anticipated inflation rate for

16 Economics EIR July 17 , 1987 Briefly

products that hospitals buy. foreign citizens." But the interview was Subcommittee Chairman Pete Stark (R­ complemented by simultaneous programs on • FREE CONDOM distribution to Calif.) and senior GOP leader Willis Gra­ the state-run TV about the dangers of AIDS , fight AIDS in Zaire has begun, cour­ dison (Ohio) indicated they were unhappy the first such program. tesy of the Rockefeller Foundation. with the budget constraints. "We BUlgarians," says the Sofia News, "We 've been required to make cuts of "are not accustomed to getting advice about • JAPANESE officials rejected $1 .5 billion in a program which, in my opin­ wearing condoms and limiting sexual part­ Soviet proposals for a long-termeco­ ion, doesn't have $1.5 billion of fat in it," ners. Bulgarians still imagine for reasons nomic and industrial cooperation Gradison said, according to the July 2 Wash­ unknown that they are patriarchally minded, agreementin talks held in Tokyo June ington Post. monogamous, and sensible. Yet judging 24. Japanese Deputy Foreign Minis­ from the number of single mothers and chil­ ter Kitamura told the Soviet delega­ dren born out of wedlock, the frequency of tion that "such an agreement's pre­ venereal diseases and alcohol abuse, it must conditions require better political re­ be the other way around." lations between the two countries." AIDS • AIDS has surpassed cancer as the Brazil, Britain show leading cause of death among women Bond Markets aged to in New York City, ac­ sharp case increase 25 34 cording to figuresfrom 1986 released lreaty cancellation July 7. AIDS killed 186 young wom­ "Brazil is swamped by AIDS cases," head­ en in 1986, 63 more than died from lines the InternationalHerald Tribune from upsets markets all types of cancer. AIDS continues Brasilia July 7. The article states: "Brazil's to be the number-one killer of men public health system is being swamped by The U. S. Treasury cancelled a tax-haven 25-44 years of age in New York. 150 new AIDS patients each month. A year treaty with the Netherlands Antilles at the ago, the monthly rate was 30." end of June, and sent the Eurobond markets • ITALY'S population will de­ Through the end of May, according to into an uproar. crease by 13 million people by 2025 the Brazil Department of Health, there were "It's very serious, appalling, for the unless economic measures are taken, 1 ,935 known cases of AIDS. There are only government of the world's largest debtor says demographic expert Prof. Goli­ 226 hospital beds available in Brazil for nation, reliant on global capital markets, to ni. The projection is reported by Cor­ AIDS patients, who include 45 children un­ do this," a top official of Credit Suisse First riere della Sera under the headline, der 9 years old. A special unit has been set Boston exclaimed to a caller July 6. "It's "Mama Italy will have fewer chil­ up to expand facilities and train public health contrary to every move for global financial dren." doctors, nurses, and laboratory personnel deregulation the U. S. has made in the last for AIDS cases. Currently, there are only years," he said. • TEXAS thrift institutions are in 300trained staff. "This move will make it much more dif­ such big trouble that the Dallas Fed­ Brazil is not the only country admitting ficultfor U. S. corporations to raise money eral Home Loan Bank says it needs fast spread of the disease. "Record rise in on internationalmarkets ," he added. "There $2-4 billion ilinmediately to help ail­ AIDS victims" headlines an item in Brit­ is now an added risk for holding U . S. paper. ing member institutions. Meanwhile, ain's Daily Telegraph the same day as the It is the most stupid thing I've seen." several brokerages have been ap­ Brasiliareport. The latest AIDSfigures show The Treasury decision plunged the trad­ proached to channel fundstoward ail­ the number of people infected with the virus ing price of this $32 billion sector of the ing thrifts. has risen by nearly 50% in the past three Eurobond market by 25% overnight. Sub­ months, to 6,349 . Nonetheless, a depart­ sequent assertions by the Treasury that it had • SEBASTIAN ALEGRETT, the ment of health spokesman in London said overlooked the dramatic marketreaction are general secretary of the Latin Amer­ that the rise was due to late reporting of some only compounding market uncertainty. ican Economic System (SELA), de­ cases, rather than to "any sudden escala­ Eurobond traders in London, mean­ clared, "We are going inexorably to­ tion." while, reported privately that they are fu­ ward a generalized debt moratorium, More East blocreports are also revealing rious at Goldman Sachs for gross insider­ at the end of a colloquium bearingon the spread of the disease there. Most victims trading abuse. "Goldman Sachs' behavior cooperationbetween European coun­ are still officially designated "foreigners," has been noted in more than one place. It's tries and Ibero-America in ParisJuly but that is belied by the education campaigns not the firsttime they have done such things," 3. He added: "We must plan the non­ Soviet satellites are beginning. noted a leading London Eurobond banker. payment of the debt. ...The prior­ The Bulgarian trade union paper Trud Rumors abounded that Goldman Sachs ity of the lbero-American countries quotes the Bulgarian deputy minister of had dumped large volumesof Eurobondpa­ must not be the payment of the exter­ health saying that of 40,000 people recently per the Friday prior to official U.S. termi­ nal debt, but development!" tested, 34 cases were found, "most of them nation of the Netherland Antilles treaty.

EIR July 17, 1987 Economics 17 �TIillScience & Technology

How Russia's radio frequency weapons can kin

The second in Robert Gallagher's series on the latest Russian breakthroughs in strateg ic weapons, and the threat they pose to the West.

It is the personal responsibility of American and Western known (see EIR , July 3, 1987). Their action on human beings European patriots, to master the science and technology of can be nonlinear in at least two ways. In neither case are the radio frequency anti-personnel weapons, in order to sound lethal effects based on the global or local heating of living the alarm for citizens and governmentofficials about the plan tissue. of Russian party boss Mikhail Gorbachov and Marshal Ni­ kolai Ogarkov, to eliminate intermediate- and short-range Some nonlinear biological effects nuclear missiles from Europe (the "zero option"), and thus of radio frequency pulses leave Europe vulnerable to the latest Russian breakthrough Radio-frequency pulses have the ability to penetrate liv­ in the development of strategic weapons-radio frequency ing tissue. Two nonlinear effects have been demonstrated; anti-personnel weapons. they depend on the length and intensity of the radio frequency For over 15 years, Russian research institutes have con­ pulses, their coherence, and the radiation frequency or mix ducted a coordinated national research and development pro­ of frequencies employed. gram to build compact, mobile systems to generate millions 1) Electromagnetic-acoustic coupling. In this effect, to billions of watts in power of electromagnetic radiation, in molecules absorb electromagnetic radiation, such as light, short pulses in the microwave portion of the radio frequency but release all or some of the absorbed energy in the form of spectrum, to kill or disable personnel and equipment of the . high-frequency vibrations, which could literally rip biomol­ United States and its Western European allies in the course ecules apart. Since all vibrations are a form of sound or of a Russian assault on WesternEurope. Gorbachov gave the acoustic energy, this transfonnation of electromagnetic ra­ signal early this year that these weapons would soon be or diation into vibrations, is referred to as "electromagnetic­ already are deployed, when he suddenly propounded the acoustic coupling." If the frequency of the vibrations is high, "zero option." they are referred to as "acoustic shocks." If these can be Now that the new radio frequency anti-personnel weap­ induced in living tissue, they would be highly destructive. ons are ready, Gorbachov would just as soon scuttle the The Alexandrite laser developed by Allied Corp. pro­ "nukes," since their use will only damage and pollute the vides a useful case of electromagnetic-acoustic coupling. The WesternEuropean real estate he seeks to occupy. laser wavelength of the radiation produced from Alexandrite, The destructive effectof intense bursts of microwaves on is tunable over a broad range. of wavelengths, from 700- to the electronics of aircraftand other weapons systems is well- 825-billionths of a meter (nanometers), within the visible

18 Science & Technology EIR July 17, 1987 portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, by varying the per­ centage of radiation that is emitted as acoustic vibrations. FIGURE 1 It is thought that atoms or molecules absorb electromag­ Electromagnetic-acoustic coupling in the netic energy in discrete units, or "quanta." Absorption of Alexandrite laser quanta of energy is said to excite the atom or molecule through one or more "quantum transitions." After absorption of elec­ Pumping level tromagnetic radiation, the atom or molecule may re-emit the - 6.61JS ufetime_ _ .....+- � Initial level energy as it descends through one or more quantum transi­ BOO cm -' tions from an "excited" state to the unexcited state it was in .�_-++_ Storage level before absorption of energy. - 1 .54ms Lifetime The transformation of a portion of the electromagnetic energyabsorbed by atoms or molecules, into vibrations, upon (Lasing Transitlon) re-emissionof the energy, is referred to as the "partitioning" . (VibrationBlly excitedground leval T of the energy that the atom or molecule re-emits in the quan­ erminal level $Bleatad by laser luning maans) Band of VibratiOn tum transition into "photons" (quantized electromagnetic ra­ slates (associatedal���..&.r -- (PHONON RELAXATION) with tuning range) diation) and "phonons" (quantized vibrations, or acoustic Ground level radiation). In an ideally complete electromagnetic-acoustic Flashlamp radiation excites the chromium ions in Alexandrite to coupling, all the electromagnetic energy absorbed would be a highly excited state fr om which they quickly descend to an in­ re-emittedas high-frequency vibrations. Were the molecules termediate "storage level." Laser tuning mechanisms take ad­ involved proteins or DNA or RNA inside of a cell, they would vantage of the rich vibrational spectra of Alexandrite, to enable be ripped apart. the user to select the laser output wavelength by partitioning the This could conceivably be used to selectively destroy energy released in the descent from the "storage level" to the ground state, between electromagnetic and acoustic radiation. malignant tissue or viruses-but the weapons applications of such an effect appearhorrif ying. Source: J. Walling, at al., IEEE J. of Quantum EI.ctronics, vol. QE-21 , No. 10, In operation of the Alexandrite laser, as much as 18% of October 1985. the radiation it emits in descending from an excited state to an unexcited or ground state, can be emitted as acoustic phonons. The laser must be cooled by running water to pre­ vent it from shattering. is too low in frequency to dissociate a molecule, or excite an Alexandrite is a crystal of beryllium oxide and alumina atom or molecule through a quantum transition, can do so if (BeAI204) with traces of chromium added. The radiation intense enough, through what scientists believe is a collective emission spectrum of chromium ions in Alexandrite has a effect of intense coherent radiation (see EIR , June 26, 1987). rich "vibrational" structure; that is, the frequency of light the Radiation that is too low in frequency to ionize atoms or chromium emits, depends on the frequencies of vibration of molecules, that is, rip an electron from them, can ionize them the crystal lattice of Alexandrite in which it is embedded, and anyway, and have the effect of ultraviolet laser light. Such this can be changed from moment to moment by various "synthetic" ultraviolet pulses could dissociate the DNA and means, and so one can tune the laser. This is also the basis of RNA inside every human cell that they penetrate with suffi­ the ability to dump as much as 18% of the electromagnetic cient intensity, and needless to say, destroy the metabolism energy that the chromium absorbs, into vibrations of the of each such cell. crystal lattice (see Figure 1); in electromagnetic radiation, "Intensity" of radiation refers to the number of photons energy is directly proportional to the frequency of the radia­ delivered per cross-sectional area per second. "Coherence" tion. refers to the degree to which it is composed of waves of the In general, the richness of vibrational spectra increases same frequency (or energy) and to which these waves are in with molecular complexity. Given that Alexandrite is a sim­ phase. ple molecule compared to biomolecules like DNA or RNA, The microwave ionization of gases is a well-known effect we might be able to partition or transform much more of the in classical physics that depends on the frequency, coher­ absorbed electromagnetic radiation into high-frequency vi­ ence, and intensity of the microwaves. However, like all brations, or acoustic shocks in biomacromolecules, because multiple-photon effects, it violates quantum theory. U.S. being more complicated, they have a tremendously richer physicists regardit as a matter of interpretation whether ion­ vibrational structure. However, even 18% efficiencyof con­ ization produced by microwaves is a nonlinear classical ef­ version of electromagnetic radiation to acoustic shocks, may fect or a nonlinear quantum multiple-photon effect. Several be sufficientfor an effective, mobile weapon system. papers on the multiple-photon microwave ionization of hy­ 2) Multiple-photon action. In this effect, radiation that drogen have appeared in Physical Review Letters in recent

EIR July 17 , 1987 Science & Technology 19 developed high average power devices that generate a contin­

FIGURE 2 uous beam or long pulses of radiation with low peak power, Diagram of a gyrotron oscillator for heating of fusion plasmas.

Collector Programs in the United States and elsewhere in the West, I on the other hand, have only emphasized high average power devices. The technology required for the high peak power ---J devices differs qualitatively from the high average power gyrotrons, for example, the electron injection guns. They are not compatible. As a result, the West is far behind in many technological areas related to the weapons-relevant high peak power gyro­ Cath / : ___ ��Q l CavityQOO Q��: "'� �'---'2 trons, because of the narrow focus on high average power Output window machines.

Source: Intemational Joumal of Electronics. Vol. 57. No. 6. 1984. page 790. Plasma electronics One of the principal physics issues in the development of high peak power gyrotrons and other devices based on the years (for example, K. van Leeuwen et aI., "Microwave emission of radiation by free electrons, is the generation and ionization of hydrogen atoms," Nov. 18, 1985). As a multi­ control of intense relativistic ctlectron beams that travel close ple-photon effect, microwave ionization of hydrogen in­ to the speed of light. volves an upshift in the effective frequency of action of the In existing high average power gyrotrons, control of an microwave radiation by orders of magnitude. These results intense electron beam does not represent a serious problem indicate that it is definitely feasible to obtain the effects of for two reasons: ultraviolet radiation from radio frequency pulses of the ap­ I) The beam currentis below the "critical" value at which propriate intensity, coherence, and frequency. various undesirable effects, such as those of the magnetic It is important to bear in mind that radio frequency weap­ field produced by the beam itself, disturb the collimation and ons will in all likelihood not be confined to the microwave self-similar helicity of the beam required for coherent gen­ portionof the radio frequency spectrum. The radio frequency eration of microwaves. portion of the electromagnetic spectrum ranges from ex­ 2) Beam generation is smooth and continuous. An annu­ tremely low frequencies whose wavelength is measured in lar strip on the cathode (Figurt! 2) emits a continuous hollow kilometers , through microwaves, with frequencies ranging beam of electrons, whose properties are relatively easy to from 1 billion to 500 billion cycles per second (gigahertz) control. and wavelengths ranging from tens of centimeters to less than To achieve high peak powers requires high-power intense one millimeter. Neither the multiple-photon effect nor elec­ relativistic electron beams withcurrents close to or above the tromagnetic-acoustic coupling are confined to microwave so-called "critical current." As Victor Granatstein of the Uni­ wavelengths. versity of Maryland writes in the December 1986 issue of the The gyrotron appears to be the most promising and most InternationalJournal of Electronics, production of intense mobile source of gigahertz radiation across the entire micro­ relativistic electron beams presently employs wave range. In a gyrotron, an electron gun or accelerator a pulse-line accelerator [lifce the Neptun-2 reportedly directs an electron beam into a resonant microwave cavity. designed by Leonid Rud ov] and a field emission A magnetic field parallel to the forward direction of the beam aIc cathode [or electron source] whose surface explodes turns the electrons in circular orbits. Combined with their to produce an expanding plasma from which a very forward velocity, this rotation results in a helical motion of large electron current density can be drawn with en­ the electrons into and through the resonant cavity, as shown ergy of about 1 million electron volts. in Figure 2. The rotating electrons emit coherent electro­ magnetic radiation (see EIR, July 3, 1987 for a more com­ U.S. gyrotrons researchers have little experience with plete description). such explosive electron sour¢es. Russian gyrotron development has emphasized genera­ To stabilize such a high-current electron "shock front" tion of high peak power pulses of microwaves delivered in a traveling close to the speed of light, Y.B. Faynberg of the single pulse with a repetition rate lower than one per second Physico-Technical Institute in Kharkov and A.A. Rukhadze and pulse lengths measured in tens of nanoseconds. Aver­ of the Lebedev Physics Institute proposed the introduction aged over time , though they have a high peak power, these of low-density plasma, or i01llized gas into microwave cav­ devices produce low average power. The Russians have also ities to act as a waveguide for the electron beam, and enhance

20 Science & Technology EIR July 17, 1987 microwave generation in other ways. Ordinarily, the interior Therefore , Rukhadze maintains that, strictlyspeaking, of a microwave generating device or "tube," is a vacuum. high-current microwave electronics can only be plas­ Most microwave devices are thus called "vacuum devices" ma electronics. or "vacuum tubes." In vacuum devices, as the beam currentapproaches Excerpts from an April 1975 Rand Corp. report, "High the critical current level, the total magnetic field of Current Particle Beams I. The Western U.S.S.R. Research the system becomes inhomogeneous across the beam, Groups" (No. R-1552-ARPA), by Simon Kassei and Charles increasing the energy spread of the beam, with only D. Hendricks, give a rather precise indication of just how a small portion of electrons participating in the res­ far ahead the Russians are in the area of applications of onant interaction. This degrades the efficiency and plasmas with intense relativistic electron beams for gener­ power [and coherence] of both Cherenkov and CRM ation of short, high peak power microwave pulses: [cyclotron resonance maser] oscillators that depend on The most important of these applications is in the the condition of resonance of the beam and field. area called plasma electronics by Soviet scientists. Therefore , vacuum microwave devices are efficient They credit A.I. Akhiyezer and Ya.B. Faynberg in only if the beam current is very much lower than the the U.S.S.R. and D. Bohm and E. Gross in the United critical current. The presence of plasma eliminates States with the discovery that microwaves are emitted these limitations. The neutralization of the electron from plasma exposed to an electron beam. This dis­ beam charge and the equalizat\on of electron energy covery led to the concept of microwave oscillators and over the entire beam cross-section. so that all electrons amplifiers based on the interaction of electron beams participate in the excitation of the cyclotron wave, are with plasma or with magnetic fields, capable of high responsible for the considerable- increase of power conversion efficiency, narrow bandwidth, and low di­ output in plasma as compared with a vacuum envi­ vergence. These characteristics coupled with high out­ ronment . Furthermore, plasma oscillators are expected put power would make for superior radar. A relatively to be readily tunable by varying plasma density. . . . large share of current Soviet work in the general area The power of a plasma-filled CRM or gyrotron os­ of high-current electron beam research appears to be cillator can theoretically exceed that of its vacuum devoted to microwave plasma oscillators , which are analog by a factor of 20 .... expected eventually to generate IOIO-W [10,000 me­ A dense enough plasma will not only neutralize gawatts] microwave pulses with conversion efficiency the beam space charge, but will also affect the elec­ of 10% and bandwidth of 10 -3 to 10 -2• In particular, trodynamics of the resonator cavity and, particularly, high hopes are attached to the use of ultra-relativistic its natural frequencies. The dense plasma will thus beams, for which theory predicts very high efficiency itself serve as the electrodynamic system in which the and narrow generation line. electron beam excites electromagnetic waves. Such a plasma defines the field of "pure" plasma electronics Kassel and Hendricks also discussed in 1975 "the evident which will make it possible to use electron beam cur­ Soviet stress on minimizing the size of electron beam ac­ rents many times higher than the limiting vacuum celerators," and reported that , in 1972, Rukhadze wrote that current and to achieve efficient generation of wave­ electron beam accelerators to drive microwave oscillators lengths much shorter than the transverse dimension of to produce 5,000 megawatts of output power, was "entirely the cavity. Plasma microwave electronics is thus the within the current state of the art." means of creating efficienthigh- frequency, high-pow­ er sources of electromagnetic radiation. Systematic Experimental results experimentation with pure plasma oscillators based on In his recent report, "Soviet Development of Gyrotrons" plasma wave excitation and using relativistic electron (Rand Report R-3377-ARPA, May 1986), Kassel writes: beams has not yet been attempted. Vacuum systems prevent the full utilization of ac­ celerator power because of the limitations imposed by Table 1 shows the results of several experiments with the electron space charge and magnetic self-field of plasma-filled microwave oscillators . In three cases, results the electron beam. Thus, to Rukhadze, the leading are given for an experiment conducted with a vacuum device Soviet exponent of plasma electronics, the term "high­ and then with the same device filled with a low-density current electron beams" means, first of all, beams plasma. The work performed at Kharkov, though carried whose current exceeds the so-called limiting vacuum out with microwave oscillators whose effective high-power current. Such beams can propagate in waveguides only frequency range is not as great as gyrotrons. illustrates the if the electron space charge is neutralized by plasma potential of plasma electronics. The same device produced whose density is higher than that of the beam itself. peak powers two to three times grclater when filled with a

EIR July 17 , 1987 Science & Technology 21 TABLE 1 With use of plasma-filled RF devices, Russia has doubled and tripled output power

Wave Peak Pulse Electronic Frequency length power length' efficiency Date Principal (GHz) (mm) (MW) (nsec) (%) reported Investigator Lab' Notes 2.6 115 10 30' 0.02 1972 Y. Tkach Kharkov Plasma Cherenkov device

9.1 33 200-300 30' NA 1979 Y. Tkach Kharkov with vacuum

9.1 33 700 30' 22 1979 Y. Tkach Kharkov with plasma

10 30 200-300 15-20 2 1975 Y. Tkach Kharkov Slow-wave device: vacuum

10 30 600 15-20 2.7 1975 Y. Tkach Kharkov Slow-wave device: plasma

10 30 2 35' 0.4 1975 V. Krementsov Lebedev Terek-2 accelerator; plasma

10 30 60 30' 15 1978 A. Rukhadze Lebedev Terek-2; plasma

10 30 25 35' 20 1978 V. Krementsov Lebedev Terek-2; with vacuum

10 30 65-70 35' 20 1978 V. Krementsov Lebedev Terek-2; with plasma

6.5-20 15-46 90 45' 21 1982 P. Strelkov Lebedev Terek-2; plasma

1. "Pulse length" refers to output microwave pulse length except when marked with an asterisk; there electron beam pulse length is given. Output pulse can be varied up to about 90-95% of electron beam pulse length. 2. "Lebedev" refers to the Lebedev Physics Institute in Moscow. "Kharkov" refers to the Kharkov Physico-Technical Institute.

GHz = gigahertz; mm = millimeters; MW = megawatts; nsec = nanoseconds; a Cerenkov device is a type of free electron laser. Sources: S. Kassel, "Soviet Development of Gyrotrons," Rand Corp. Report R-33n-ARPA, May 1986.

low-density plasma than with a vacuum, while maintaining field intensity and injection angle, and leaving the the same high efficiency in conversion of electron beam oscillation mode and wavelength unchanged . In this power to microwave. The same comparative result was re­ manner, it was possible to bring beam current up to ported by the Lebedev Physics Institute in 1978 for a gy­ 1.5 kA , exceeding the vacuum current limit by better rotron operating at an even higher efficiency of 35%. In this than a factor of 1.5, and reaching a power output of experiment, reports Kassel , 65 to 70 MW at the same efficiency of 20% .

A 3 cm gyrotron was excited by a 350 ke V [kil­ ovolts] hollow beam with current variable to several U.S. gyrotron research scientists have yet to experiment kA [kiloamps] and 35 nsec pulse length. In the vacuum with plasma devices; they have yet to approach the critical regime, a maximum efficiency of 20% was reached vacuum current. The highest U.S. peak power device, the at an injection angle of 45° and 0.5 kA,producing an one at MIT discussed above, used a current of only 35 amps output power of 25 MW . at its 645 kilowatt peak operation. Further increase in injection current in the vacuum As part of a new program,Lawrence Livermore National gyrotron decreased efficiency without effecting pow­ Laboratory is investigating the "generation of microwaves er. However, plasma filling made it possible to in­ from electron beam/plasma interaction" in a joint effort with crease the electron current together with output power. a research group at the University of California (Irvine). For each value of beam current, the oscillator oper­ According to Energy and Technology Review, the group has ation was optimized by selecting appropriate magnetic yet to achieve either coherent or efficient generation of mi-

22 Science & Technology EIR July 17, 1987 crowaves. Russia ahead in gyrotrons since the 19605 Kassel reports that in addition to plasma electronics and The Russians have consistently ledinternational gyrotron the generation of intense relativistic electron beams , Russian research and development. Although the cyclotron resonance work on cyclotron resonance masers is concerned with the maser was independently conceived by Gaponov , Schneider, fo llowing: and Pantell in 1959, the Russians were the first to build a 1) Higher harmonic operation. If the gyrotron oscil­ device. They reported the first experiments with gyrotrons in lator can operate efficiently at the second and third or higher 1966, and reported development of the first frequency-tuna­ harmonic of its fundamental frequency of oscillation, this ble gyrotron in 1971. In 1969, they proposed development makes possible reduction of the applied magnetic field by of quasi-optical gyrotrons. a factor equal to the number of the harmonic (i.e., by a Although the firstefforts with microwave devices driven factor of 2, 3, etc.). This would considerably reduce the by intense relativistic electron beams were in the United size of the power supply required to power the magnets, States, they were not successful, reports Kassel. Only after and thus increase a radio frequency weapon's mobility. The the Lebedev lab showed how to produce 500 megawatts from Gor'kiy lab reported efficient second harmonic operation in a device at 15% efficiency, did a U.S. lab duplicate the 1974, long before the United States. At the 1984, Lausanne, experiment. Switzerland gyrotron conference, the same lab reported ef­ One area in which U. S. researchers appear to have been ficient third harmonic operation at 54 gigahertz. modestly successful is in the develOpment of short-pulse, 2) Magnets. For large-volume resonant cavities and gy­ high peak power radio frequency free electron lasers; free rotron powers , the Russians report that superconducting electron lasers that produce radiation in the microwave re­ magnets cannot provide the magnetic field strength required gion, are also called ubitrons and cyclotron auto-resonance for efficient sub-millimeter operation . Russian scientists are masers (CARM). Results (shown in Table 2) achieved at the focusing on the use of pulsed solenoid magnets for the sub­ Naval Research Laboratory compare favorably with work on millimeter spectrum. They expect that pulsed solenoids will CARMs reported by V. Bratman at the Institute of Applied soon be able to extend gyrotron operation to 0.25 mm using Physics, Gor'kiy, although it is not clear whether the Naval the fundamental frequency of cylotron resonance, or to 0. 12 Research Laboratory device is as compact as the Russian mm at the second harmonic . Given that one motivation of ones. Well-engineered free electron lasers operating in the Russian work is to span the gap in frequencies between microwave spectrum, do not require the large electron accel­ lasers and conventional microwave sources, magnet tech­ erators in use at Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore Na­ nology becomes an important issue. In 1979, A.P. Gaponov, tional Laboratory , since the wavelength of the radiation they the inventor of the gyrotron , described the gap as a "cata­ generate is considerably longer. So far , these devices are strophic chasm" centered about 300 gigahertz (1 mm) . The reported to operate only at relatively low efficiencies com­ Russians plan to attain thousands to millions of megawatts pared to gyrotrons, and this will require that their power peak power (gigawatts to terawatts) in the area of 300 gi­ sources be larger for a given peak power, and the entire gahertz . weapons system perhaps less mobile.

TABLE 2 U.S. and Russian work on compact free electron lasers operating at radio frequency in??

Wave Peak Pulse Electronic Frequency length power length' efficiency Date Principal (GHz) (mm) (MW) (nsec) (Of.) reported Inveatlgator Labl

10 30 30 20" 5 1976 S. Krementsov Lebedev 70 4.3 6 5-30 4 1982 M. Petelin Gorky 125 2.4 10 20-30 2 1982 v. Bratman Gorky 35 8.6 17 50" 3 1983 Granatstein NRL 75 4 75 SO" 6 1983 Granatstein NRL

1. 'Pulse length" refers to output microwave pulse length except when marked with an asterisk; there electron beam pulse length is given. Output pulse can be varied up to about 90-95% of electron beam pulse length. 2. "Lebedev· refers to the Lebedev Physics Institute in Moscow. "HRL" refers to the U.S. Naval Research Lab. Sources: S. Kassel, 'Soviet Development of Gyrotrons," Rand Corp. Report R-3377-ARPA, May 1986; and S. Kassel, 'Soviet Free Electron Laser Research," Rand Corp. Report R-3259-ARPA, May 1985.

EIR July 17, 1987 Science & Technology 23 TIillFeature

The revocation of Executive Orders 12333 and 12334

by Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr.

On July 4, Democratic presidential candidate Lyndon LaRouche issued a draft presidential executive order on national security, superseding Executive Orders 12333 and 12334, and eliminating all guidelines subsumed under them. The draft executive order, now being circulated to intelligence professionals, will appear in afuture issue of Executive Intelligence Review . It is prefaced by a statement offindings. The statement indicates the reasons that 12333 and 12334 must be revoked, and identifiesthe most crucial among the corrections to be made. Mr. LaRouche is himself a target of politically motivated, covert intelligence operations conducted chiefly under 12333 and 12334 . He has reported earlier, that elements of the Justice Department operating under 12333, have indicted him on charges which the Justice Department knows to be false accusations. The politically motivated legal persecution of LaRouche has marked similari­ ties to the politically motivated, fraudulent indictment of former NASA administra­ tor James Beggs, who was prosecuted by the identical set of Justice Department offi cials targeting LaRouche. It is almost certain that the Justice Department's fraudulent indictmentof Mr. Beggs was the principal cause for the tragic incident with the Shuttle Challenger. What follows is the "Summarystatement of findings" section of Lyndon La­ Rouche's report.

Summary statement of findings Under Presidential Executive Orders 12333 and 12334, issued Dec. 4, 1981, there grew up a complex of covert activities which has been fairly described as a virtual "secret government." Although some portions of that "secret government" structure have been dis­ mantled since November 1986, operations under the authority of 12333 continue. The continuation of 12333 and 12334 must, under present circumstances, regen­ erate structures incorporating the obnoxious features of those elements which have been dismantled. So far, especially since some point during 1983 , these two Executive Orders

24 Feature EIR July 17, 1987 Lyndon LaRouche, shown here at the offi ce of his attorney, Odin Anderson, on July 8, 1987, the day of his Boston court, on fa lse charges of "conspiracy to obstruct justice." have been employed to the effect of tending to establish a Also, according to responsible sources in both allied and lawless secret government of the United States. This has friendly nations, not only have foreig intelligence functions made the Department of Justice an accomplice in subverting of the U.S. been deployed for subversion under the authority the Constitution of the United States. of 12333, but the OSI and office of Mark Richard have been Under this arrangement, some foreign governments, var­ operating as a foreign intelligence service of the U. S. under iously allies or simply friends of the United States, have been the same authority of 12333. In some among these instances, covertly subverted; overthrow of such allied governments the actions of the OSI can not be fair! construed as anything has been attempted , and in at least one case accomplished. but covert operations in service of So iet foreign policy. This practice is continuing at this time . The case of OSI must receive special attention, not only Under the provisions for use of private agencies, under in its own right, but as it has served as a principal point of 12333, private agencies not under the control of lawful au­ entry for Soviet influence over the de facto "secret govern­ thority have succeeded in taking control over crucial ele­ ment" which grew up under the cover of 12333 and 12334. ments of the intelligence and related fu nctions of our govern­ The OSI is one among the outgr(i)wths of an agreement ment . By the same means, an adversary government, that of between the U.S. Department of State and the Soviet govern­ the Soviet Union, has been able to transform the U.S. De­ ment, during Henry A. Kissinger's t nure as Secretary. Un­ partment of Justice in repeated instances into an instrument der these arrangements, documents forged by the Soviet KGB , of Soviet state policy. This subversion is also ongoing at this chiefly through channels of the Moscow Procurator, have time . been used repeatedly to deprive U.S. citizens of their consti­ tutional rights to due process of law. Such U.S. citizens, Soviet subversion of U.S. domestic law accused by Soviet forgeries, have been victimized by the The most direct track for Soviet subversion of the U. S. Justice Department under civil procedure , denying those cit­ Department of Justice is centered today in the Justice De­ izens the protection of the Constitution and related legal partment's Office of Special Investigations (OSI). This con­ process under appropriate , criminal �roceedings. nection runs through channels of the U.S. Department of It is sufficient to cite three among the notable examples State and other tracks . Through this OSI channel and the of this. office and functions of Mark Richard , the Department of In the firsttwo instances, U.S. citizens were deprived of Justice and elements of its Federal Bureau of Investigation their rights, stripped of their citizens�ip, and deported, with­ have been contaminated more broadly, and, through inter­ out any access to due process of law for persons facing crim­ agency working groups, the broader intelligence community inal charges. The first is the case of most distinguished and has been contaminated by the same influence. honored U.S. rocket scientist, ArthJr Rudolph; recent offi-

EIR July 17, 1987 Feature 25 cial investigation of the matter by authorities of the Federal arranging support for a "Contra" organization identified by Republic of (West) Germany add to proof that the U.S. Jus­ U.S. legal proceedings as a circle engaged in conduiting tice Department's allegations against Rudolph were fraudu­ drugs into the United States. lent, and were concocted forgeries of the Warsaw Pact intel­ This "Project Democracy" is subsidized by the National ligence services. The second, is the case of Karl Linnas, who Endowment for Democracy; it functions with aid of Charles has died in Soviet KGB custody after being stripped of his Z. Wick's U.S. Information Agency, and in collaboration U.S. citizenship and sent to certain death by a witting U.S. with the international department of the AFL-CIO. This Department of Justice, an action of Justice based on unsup­ "Contra"-linked complex is part of the "secret government" ported allegations fabricated by the Soviet government. which developed under the cover of 12333. The third instance, is the case of the President of Austria, The report by the governmentof Panama states also: former UNO Secretary General Kurt Waldheim. President "That this group approached Dr. Rodrigo Esquivel, the Waldheim was placed on aU.S. "watch-list," and denounced vice president of the Republic, and several members of the as a war criminal , with the complicity of U.S. Attorney general staff, and proposed that they overthrow President General Edwin Meese, and the induced endorsement of this Eric Arturo Delvalle, dismiss Oeneral Noriega, dissolve the action foisted upon President Reagan. Legislative Assembly, dismiss the judges of the Supreme In the Waldheim case, the U.S. government has officially Court, and establish a governmentjunta ." refused, through Mark Richard and the OSI, to present any Following this, theNational Assembly ofPanama called evidence supporting the actions announced by AttorneyGen­ for the U.S. Ambassador, Arthur H. Davis, to be declared eral Meese and President Reagan. The only putative evidence persona non grata, and expelled from the country. Davis had alleged to exist is a report issued by the Soviet KGB and been caught red-handed in fostering the plot, an allegation reportedly transmitted to the U. S. Department of Justice. supported in large part by the Ambassador's own public This putative report is alleged to be a "contact report" admissions. filed by a Soviet NKVD officer from approximately 1945 . Also denounced as complicit in aiding the plot, are two The contact report is purported to reference a conversation foundations based in the Federal Republic of Germany, the between this actual or hypothetical NKVD officerand a colo­ Konrad Adenauer Stiftung and the Hanns Seidel Stiftung. nel of the Yugoslav partisans. All evidence is, that Waldheim Similar charges have been placed against West German foun­ could not have been gUilty of alleged actions under the terms dations operating inside Ecuador. of his military assignment at that time, and that no record of The use of social-democratic and other varieties of for­ evidence supporting the accusation against Mr. Waldheim is eign organizations in the manner suggested by the govern­ to be found outside channels collaborating with the Soviet ments of Panama and Ecuador, is typical of operations con­ government. ducted under the authority of EO 12333 and EO 12334, not It is such connections among the OSI, relevant elements limited to operations under the direction of the State Depart­ of the State Department, and activities conducted under 12333, ment's Elliott Abrams. The interface between entities oper­ which exemplify the exrreme lawlessness which has been ating under the cover of 12333 and 12334 with agencies such licensed under the cover of activities established by authority as the Interaction Council, is to be noted as of particular of 12333. The fact that the apparatus of the Justice Depart­ importance. ment as a whole is induced to violate the laws of the United The effect has been, that under the guise ofcoopting both States, is only exemplary of the more general malfeasance U.S. and foreign private organizations to assist the Reagan prompted by, or aided by, provisions of 12333. administration's intelligence community, the operations of regular U.S. intelligence services have come under the vir­ The Panama case tual control of networks of both foreign and domestic , public On June 15, 1987, the legislative branch of the govern­ and private intelligence organizations. Executive Order 12333 ment of an allied nation, Panama, documented a plot to has enabled this kind of role of private and even foreign overthrow the government of that nation, a plot to establish private agencies in shaping the covert intelligence and other a "j unta" form of dictatorship. policies of the U.S. government. The act of the legislature of Panama included the follow­ ing specifications: Law and U.S. intelligencedirectives "The conspiratorial group called Modelo, Local Demo­ The repugnant lawlessness which appears to be charac­ cratic Movement, has been coordinated by Gabriel Lewis teristic of numerous of the activities conducted under 12333 Galindo." and 12334, is in no sense accidental. Such lawlessness is Senor Lewis Galindo is a former Panamanian ambassador intrinsicto the architecture of Executive Order 12333. to the United States. All evidence indicates that the conspir­ We know of no evidence which would compel us to infer atorial group , Modelo, is supported by the same "Project that the establishment of such a lawless form of "secret gov­ Democracy" with which Oliver North et al . collaborated in ernment" was the intent of President Ronald Reagan , in sign-

26 Feature EIR July 17, 1987 ing 12333 and 12334 on Dec . 4, 1981. The available evi­ and fact, rather than using the rational standards traditional dence strongly indicates that, in these respects, the President to our law , the result is a trend toward the tyranny of arbitrary did not know what he was doing, that he was badly advised, irrationalism. The authority of being incumbent authority in and that he was ill-equipped to foresee or recognize the prac­ the judicial system, is then construed in the form of arbitrary tical implications of what he was signing. authority; in such instances, law, as understood by the foun­ His expressed astonishment at discovery of activities ders of our republic, virtually ceases to exist. identified in the Tower Commission report corroborates this These trends within the executive, legislative, and judi­ estimate of his intentions. Had the President ever understood cial branches of our government, must be considered as ex­ the practical implications of his signing of 12333, he would tenuating circumstances in judging the degree of personal have recognized, during the period from November 1986 fault of President Reagan and other members of his admin­ onward , that what Lt .-Col . Oliver North and others were istration, in matters bearing upon 12333 and 12334. alleged to have done , was already implicitly authorized by Nonetheless, extenuating circumstances taken into ac­ the architecture of combined 12333 and 12334. count, the following facts persist. The causes for the President's probable ignorance of the Executive Orders 12333 and 12334 have the clear implic­ practical implications of what he was signing, include lack it intent of creating subterfuges, by aid of which the admin­ of knowledge of intelligence operations, and lack of under­ istration could evade or violate the law of the United States, standing of principled problems of constitutional law bearing to the purpose of imposing that administration's arbitrary will upon definition of the proper missions and methods of U . S. upon such portions of our domestic or foreign affairs as the intelligence operations. In addition to the President's proba­ administration might choose. ble want of professional competencies in these areas, the The kernel of this subterfuge, is the effortexemplified by pattern of conduct of policy by his administration shows that 12333 and 12334, to delimit the definition of propriety to the President appears to be poorly informed of the actual conformity with whatever might happen to be currently es­ history of the United States, and , therefore poorly informed tablished policy, perception, methods, and procedures. of those principles of natural and constitutional law upon In that instance, the only efficient constraint on making which the establishment of our republic and its Constitution of policy becomes, in our vernaCUlar, "what the traffic will were chiefly premised . bear." Areas of policy-making are identified, but the bound­ It is an extenuating circumstance, that this latter fauit is aries of these areas are defined nebulously, as in 12333 and not peculiar to President Reagan's administration. The ten­ 12334. No clear principle is stipulated as defining rational dency to substitute the principle of apparent expediency, and standards for composition of policy; the force of incumbent even capricious whims , for constitutional principles of law, governmental authority is permitted to roam as widely as it has been a perceptible trend among all three branches of the may choose, within the constraints of public outcry. federal government, especially during the recent 20 years or In 12333 and 12334, mechanisms for inserting arbitrary so. policy are prescribed. In the instance of these two Executive The tendency, which the Reagan administration's policy Orders , a few vague words of sentiment expressed by the of practice shares, has been that those holding political power President set into motion a policy-definingprocess effective­ assume that they have the right to impose their arbitrary will ly out of the range of control by constitutional authority , a upon our domestic and foreign affairs , merely because they "Frankenstein's monster," so to speak. are incumbent authority . This has been the tendency not only Once policy is elaborated in such a manner, the intelli­ in the Executive Branch, but also the policy of practice too gence community and coopted public and private agencies often tending to dominate the opinion of majorities within finda substitute for lawfulness and morality in the implemen­ the legislative branch. tation of policy-directives so inserted later, according to pre­ This same tendency is also evident in a significant number scribed methods and procedures. Adherence to a combina­ of instances in judicial proceedings . tion of arbitrary perception, methods , and procedures, be­ Our government has been established as a system of con­ comes then a substitute for morality of intent or practice, stitutional representative government, implicitly subject to cloaked in the bureaucrat's all-too-familiar, counterfeit sub­ the kind of natural law addressed by our Declaration of In­ stitute for lawful practice: policy, methods, and procedures. dependence. The leading explicitly contrary current in law, In this manner, the cloaking of nebulously defined expe­ is that elaborated as the dogma of "historicity" by Berlin's diency with the mere appearance of forms of constitutional Karl Friedrich Savigny. The tendency to employ Savigny's legality, is substituted for coherence with constitutional prin­ irrationalist dogma of law , the so-called Volksgeist, is evi­ ciple. Therein lies the essence of the subterfuge. dent in "environmentalist" and other patterns of judicial law­ By creating a mechanism of subterfuges for evading or making during the recent dozen years or more . violating the law , 12333 and 12334 established the basis for When judges rely upon a perception of some selected creating a "Frankenstein monster," a "secret government," agency of assumed "public opinion" in interpretation of law which the President himself could, manifestly , no longer

EIR July 17, 1987 Feature 27 control, a monster which came to the verge of destroying its fered under British rule, and which aided in striking down maker, the President himself. the tendencies toward tyranrucal practices of government Similar errors occurred under the administration of Pres­ under the administration of our second President, John Ad­ ident Richard Nixon, as they are occurring under the archi­ ams. tecture of the Reagan administration's 12333 and 12334. There is a fourth aspect. In the body of amendments to Here, in that tendency to place the expediency adopted that Constitution, there is included the extermination of the by incumbent authority above principle of constitutional law , institutions associated with chattel slavery, and the later ex­ lies the root of the immorality and lawlessness embedded in tension of the suffrage. These are in the spirit of the Bill of the architecture of 12333. Rights, and should be understood as integral to the Bill of The fact that the principle of law integral to the compo­ Rights in character and principle. sition of our Constitution is so little recognized in policies of Other amendments have �ore the character of ordinary practice of our government during recent times, obliges us to legislative law enacted as constitutional amendments, than summarize here exactly that which President Reagan over­ constitutional law as such. Although they have the force of looked, both in signing 12333, and in enjoying certain of the positive law, they have otherwjse no immediate bearing upon illicit fruits of capricious desire obtained by aid of the subter­ the essential intent of our Constitution as a whole. fuges implicit in 12333. The Constitution as a whole must be read in the light of The analogy of Goethe's Faust is not to be overlooked. the 1776 Declaration of Independence. Our republic was The elected official's particular desires serve as the bait. established by authority of a body of law higher than that of Mephistopheles offers a subterfuge of expediency as means the law of any nation. The Declaration appeals to the author­ for gaining the particular object the official desires. Or, the ity of that higher body of law, andavows our nation's rightful analogy of the Malaysian monkey-trap might be used. The independence under the authority of that higher body of law. Mephistopheles who firstappeared as merely a useful means, Thus, the existence of our nation, the premise upon which as disguised as a mere servant, employed to secure the admin­ the composition and intent of our Constitution also depends, istration's particular desires, turns to his master, and says, depends upon the authority of the natural law addressed by like Dickens' Uriah Heep, "Now, I own you." the Declaration of Independence. In that respect and that The drafting of our Federal Constitution, then shaped by degree, the Declaration of Independence is the most funda­ reflection upon constitutional principles since Solon of Ath­ mental definition of intent of Qur Constitution and constitu­ ens, produced the briefest and most excellent of all modem tional law as a whole. constitutions. If a President of the United States, when taking That higher body of law is what is broadly known as his oath of office, were to understand the beauty and genius Christian natural law, as this t� applies to the influence of of that Constitution, this would have sufficed to prevent him St. Augustine'S writings on matters of statecraft, and the from tolerating a drafted Executive Order such as 12333, and reaffirmation of such natural law in proceedings centered to refuse to tolerate the kinds of obnoxious practices typified upon the 1439 Council of Florence. Christian natural law , as by the interaction of 12333 with the OSI. It is our belief that this bears on matters of statecraft, is rightly identified other­ President Reagan, for one, lacks such comprehension of our wise as WesternEuropean Judeo-Christian natural law in the Constitution. spirit of the collaboration between St . Peter and Philo of It is urgent that Executive Orders 12333 and 12334 be Alexandria. revoked. These revoked orders must be superseded by an Our founders' perception af such Christian natural law, Executive Order whose design is consistent with the implicit was most strongly and directly influenced by the form which purposes as well as explicit provisions of our Federal Consti­ the heritage of Augustinian natural law assumed in England's tution. 17th-century struggles for the cause of civil and religious The Constitution implicitly definesthe domestic, foreign, liberty. This Protestant notion ,of Christian natural law was and defense policies in the following terms of reference. also influenced from Germany, by the writings of the famous The kernel of the Constitution is composed of three prin­ Puffendorf, and the more rigorous restatement of natural law cipal parts: presented by Leibniz; English writings reflecting the influ­ a) The most important portion is the Preamble, specifying ence of Grotius , Puffendorf, and Leibniz were significantfor the intentions which must governthe Executive, Legislative, our own 18th-century development of notions of universal and Judicial branches of our federal government in all im­ law. portant matters of shaping and conduct of policy and practice. This heritage is beautifully, succinctly, and efficiently b) The second, is the seven Articles of that Constitution, expressed in the Preamble to our Constitution: which order the composition of representative forms of self­ "We the people of the United States, in Order to form a government. more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tran­ c) The third, affixed later, is the Bill of Rights, which quility, provide for the common defence, promote the Gen­ specifies prohibition of the unlawful practices we had suf- eral Welfare, and secure the blessings of Liberty to ourselves

28 Feature EIR July 17, 1987 and our Posterity , do ordain and establish this Constitution In the ennobled moment of composition of a great con­ for the United States." stitution, such as our own, a great people perceives more or That is the Constitution's essential statement of intent. less clearly, that the Creator has embeddedin the composition This declaration of intent expresses and depends upon the of Creation certain principles of physical law, and has en­ commitment to Christian natural law adopted by our Decla­ dowed mankind with means by which it may act successfully ration of Independence. In its proper, historical and rational in accord with that physical law , to the effect that the human reading every other feature of our Constitution is subordinat­ species is perpetuated, and its politioal and physical condition ed to the fu lfillment of this intent by aid of the composition of existence improved. If men act in a manner contrary to of our institutions of representative forms of self-govern­ such law, that law will act to the effect of injuring or even ment. destroying the nation which allows such error. Thus, a good Any law, any executive order, any policy, or policy of practice, which violates the implications of that intent, is an abomination by government. Such, as will be indicated be­ low , is the abominable character of Executive Orders 12333 A wise people,finding itself in the and 12334. kind qfenn obled momentary state It is useful to look back to the case of that ancient consti­ tution, given to Athens by the famous Solon. associated with great undertakings, In a moment of crisis, a crisis so severe that the continued will bind itselfan d itsposterity to existence of the city was threatened, the people of Athens principles qf law and self­ 'arose, behind the leadership of Solon , to effect sweeping repudiation of the practice of usury, and to effect other re­ government which must thereafter forms prefiguring our own founders' notion of principled be f!ffi.cient means to dfdeat the forms of civil liberty and self-government. capricious whims qfpubli c op inion. As an afterthought, the great Solon composed a consti­ tution. The argument made , showing the need for such a This is the essence ofthe nature document, is key to understanding the purpose and authority and authority qf a good in law of all kindred constitutions, such as our own, since. constitution. So says the Preamble There are rare moments, in the history of a great people, in which the majority of that people is awakened, in the happy qfour Constitution, and the words of Shelley, to enjoy a power for imparting and receiv­ Declaration qfInde pendence. ing profound and impassioned conceptions respecting man and nature, in far greater degree than under ordinary circum­ stances. The conjunction of these ennobled moments with the experience of crises which threaten the very existence of constitution is one which echoes such a perception of natural the nation, is the rare moment in which that people will law . compose and adopt a great constitution. The guiding notions of natural law which must govern Such were the circumstances in which our Declaration of the deliberations of all b�ches of the federal government, Independence and Constitution were composed and adopted. include the following most notably. Later, as Solon foresaw , the same great people which had It is the essence of the natural law , that our Creatorholds aroused itself to magnificent undertakings, would fall into a mankind accountable for the condition of mankind. Such is lower moral condition of occupation with petty matters of the duty of each and every person: todevelop his or her talent, hedonistic selfishness and faction. Under these circum­ and to employ that talent in such a.way as to contributeto the stances, it were likely that popular opinion would be domi­ well-being of mankind within the limits of his or her power nated by successive, episodic majorities for this or that view, to do so. This obligation bearsdown with extraordinaryforce and this all in a way which eroded those precious reforms on the President, federal legislatures, and federal courts of which had rescued the nation from peril at the earlier time. our republic . Thus, a wise people, findingitself in the kind of ennobled The mortal individual within society lives, at most, a momentary state associated with great undertakings, will fragile and historically brief existence. It is society upon bind itself and its posterity to principles of law . and self­ which that person depends for nurture of his or her talent, government which must thereafter be efficient means to de­ and for opportunitiesto employ that talent for the good. The feat the capricious whims of public opinion. This is the es­ person lacks the means to ensure that such good as he or she sence of the nature and authority of a good constitution. So contributes will prosper to the advantage of both present and says the Preamble of our Constitution, and the Declaration posterity . The person depends upon a more powerful, less of Independence before it. mortal agency for these important things which are beyond

EIR July 17, 1987 Feature 29 the means of the individual . That agency is society. general way. The central, although by no means exclusive, The bestform of organization of society is a constitutional feature of counterintelligence and foreign intelligence is the form of perfectly sovereign nation-state republic. It is per­ conduct of "irregular warfare ." By "irregular warfare ," we fectly sovereign in the specific sense, that no foreign or su­ mean to include all forms of cultural, political, and even pranational authority may dictate the laws or the practice of lethal conflict to which a nation may become subject, ex­ governmentof that repUblic. The only higher authority which cepting the direct engagement of regular military forces. the republic allows, is the universal authority of the natural Guerrillawarfare deployed by a foreign power, is but an law. aspectof irregularwarfare generally, but reflects most of the This form of republic must be efficientlydedicated to the features of irregular warfare in other guises. improvementof the condition of mankind as a whole, to such In the effective conduct of guerrilla warfare , the use of effect that the individual citizen, by contributing to the prog­ lethal force is fairly described as essentially not more than ress of the republic, is contributing efficiently to the well­ 10-20% of the total effort expended. Even under conditions beingof mankind as a whole. of regular warfare , cultural, political, and economic actions The President and Executive Branch of the United States to increase our strength relative to the adversary's, and other must embody that view of the individual, the nation, and actions of irregular warfare , should be usually a total of at mankind in their consciences. The Preamble to our Consti­ least 70% of the total effort expended on the conflict. Even tution expresses this obligation insofar as the internal affairs in regular warfare , in which all seems subordinated to the use of our republic are concerned, and also in respect to the of lethal force by regulararme d forces, the irregularcompo­ defense of this republic . The application of this same princi­ nent predominates within the totality of effort exerted for the ple to foreign policy is left implicit, rather than stated, but conduct of the war. the implication should be sufficiently clear from reading of During the postwar period to date , the hostile activity of our national history. our chief adversary, the Russian empire under its Bolshevik In the papers of Secretary of State John Quincy Adams dynasty, has beenchiefly use of methodsof irregularwarfare . bearingupon the circumstances and intent of the 1823 Mon­ In the currently revised Soviet order of battle, irregularwar­ roeDoctri ne, that implicit intentof our Constitution, respect­ fare assisted by Soviet sympathizers within the territory of ing foreign policy, is made explicit. If those papers are read nations allied to or otherwise friendly to the United States, is properly, in the circumstances in which they were written, of the first echelon in the Soviet order of battle for launching the proper design of today's foreign policy of the United of a first-strike attack on the U. S. and our allies. States is readily derived. That improved view of our proper Thechief strategic functionof the U. S. intelligence com­ foreign policy is the proper guide to formulating the func­ munity is to wage defensive irregular warfare against the tioning of our intelligence community. forces of the Russian empire and its allies, as Soviet intelli­ That improved view of our foreign policy, illuminates gence forces are now outgunning our forces in this form of directly the irrationality, and the fostering of lawlessness warfare . embedded in the architecture of Executive Orders 12333 and One of the world's leading authorities on irregular war­ 12334. It should be readily recognized, that irrationality and fare is Brigadier Professor von der Heydte, a senior figure lawlessness in the direction of our intelligence community's with distinguished careers in the military and legal profes­ foreign activities must foster a similar irrationality and ten­ sions. Professor von der Heydte has demanded attention to dency for lawlessness in the domestic practice of agencies the most troublesome problem in our efforts to defend West­ engaged otherwise in foreign intelligence. ern civilization from the irregular-warfare assault currently being conducted by the Russian empire. He emphasizes, as Command: the military analogy all thoughtful leaders of our nation must agree, that our key The best armies of Western European culture developed problem is that of fighting against Russian irregular warfare a doctrine of command identified in 19th-century German without employing means which tend to destroy our own military doctrine as "mission tactics." Through World War institutions of law and justice. How could we win the irreg­ II, this samedoctrine was embedded in the rulesof engage­ ularwarfare confli ct, if, in fighting againstthat foe, we our­ ment under which our officer-corpswas intended to function. selves destroy the very system of law we are fighting to This analogy is most appropriate for study of the flaws defend? embedded in the architecture of 12333 and 12334. These The abominations unleashed by aid of Executive Orders Executive Orders prescribe the functioning of a command 12333 and 12334 are an excellent illustration of the way in structure in a manner analogous to a military hierarchy, and which our government, has acted to destroy that very system for this reason they are most aptly criticizedfrom that stand­ of law it purported to defend. point. The President of the United States must defend our re­ In the functioning of the intelligence community, the public against the threat from the Russian empire, both as form of a command structure is indispensable, at least in a Commander-in-Chief of our regular armed forces, and also

30 Feature EIR July 17, 1987 in the conduct of necessary fonns of irregular warfare de­ icy and intelligence servicesduring tie 1820s, was to defend fense. His intention in the latter enterprises of the intelligence a "community of principle" against the alliance of Castle­ community may be pure as the driven snow, but he must reagh's Britain with Metternich's Holy Alliance. Since the ensure that he does not unleash the intelligence community nations of Europe were all committed, by the 1815 Treaty of as an out-of-control,monster which might do great damage Vienna, to destroying both what the United States represent­ to, or even destroy, our constitutional republic. ed and the United States itself, our only allies among nations In the matter of the law of war, Western civilization has then to be found were among those republics of the Americas made great progress since the 15th century. The modem which had obtained their independence for purposes akin to Western code of law for conduct of warfare and structure of those stated in our own 1776 Declruration of Independence. military command is broadly an excellent one. The conduct As Adams stipulated, although we were not physically pre­ of our armed forces during Wodd War II is a noble example paredto go to war with Britain and the Holy Alliance powers of the morality of the command structure of the regular armed to defend the republics of the Americas, we should commit forces of a republic such as our own. As Professor von der ourselves to willingness to do so as early as we acquired the Heydte implies, in the area of irregular warfare, we are still means to defend the hemisphere in that way. morally a Stone Age culture in design of our command struc­ The wisdom of Adams's view was demonstrated in the tures. This latter danger the President must bear in mind as instance of the invasion of Mexico by the combined forces of he designs the command structure of the intelligence com­ Spain, Britain, and France: The firstmajor application of the munity as a whole. 1823 Monroe Doctrine came after Appomattox, at a time The perfect congruence of military efficiency and lawful when the military power of the United States was the greatest morality of command-structures is illustrated by the notion of any nation on Earth. Earlier, we had induced Britain and which the Scharnhorst tradition identifies by "mission tac­ Spain to detach themselves from the cause of the brutishreign tics." The fact that we departed from that in the conditions of the Hapsburg Emperor Maximilian. Then, we ordered surrounding the attack upon the USS Stark, shows the prac­ France to withdraw its support. With that, the forces of our tical importance of this principle of command-structure. ally, the rightful President of Mexico, Benito Juarez, dis­ It is a fundamental error in military practice, to oblige the posed of the "Quisling" Hapsburg oppressor. field commander-such as the commander of a naval vessel So, during the 1820s and later, U. S. intelligence services or flotilla-to wait actually or implicitly for approval from worked to assist those forces associated with Mexico's Ben­ Washington, or some other central command, before re­ ito Juarez, whom we rightly recognized as our natural ally. sponding appropriately to engagement by adversary forces. Then and later, U.S. spies worked with the Marquis de La­ The commander must be trained, selected, and otherwise fayette in Europe, uncovering Europeanplottings against the qualified, to operate on the basis of combination of the best United States and other states of the Americas. The U.S. designed standards for rules of autonomous command-deci­ foreign-intelligence organization associated with Lafayette sion under conditions of engagement by adversary forces. during the 1820s, probably contributed a decisive margin to Equally urgent, the commander must operate efficiently, in­ saving our nation from dismemberment and conquest during novatively, to accomplish his mission under conditions often the middle decades of the 19th century . unforeseen by, and unknown to central command. Our purpose, then, was to build up and defend a growing The same is broadly indispensable policy for the com­ community of principle, an alliance of sovereign nation-state mand structure of the strategic functions of our intelligence republics sharing principles essentially those of our Decla­ establishment. ration of Independence and Preamble to our Constitution, a The key to defining the intelligence community'S com­ community to become ultimately the unchallengeably dom­ mand-structure is the definition of "mission." Many would inant force in the world. The adversaty was every force which imagine that "mission" means roughly the same thing as sought to subvert, destroy or conquer any member of this "target." Perhaps President Reagan thought so, when he was community of principle. We resisted the adversary more or misled into signing EO 12333; if Edwin Meese's public state­ less successfully, and accomplished that result usually by ments are a reliable indicator, Meese would almost certainly means consistent with spreading the influence of that princi­ be among those who tended to confuse "mission" with "tar­ ple we were defending. get." Once "mission" is properly defined, the way in which That, applied to modem circumstances, should be the rules of engagement must be shaped follows without great general mission of our intelligence community today. difficulty. We must establish a truly professional national intelli­ Secretary of State John Quincy Adams's papers on the gence service. We must not toleratt officials in that service 1823 Monroe Doctrine point to the proper notion of the kind who think of their craft as "doing an!assigned job" against an of "mission" orientation which should governthe intelligence arbitrarily designated "target." Officials of the intelligence community. service must be constitutional officers, the most vigilant The long-tenn mission assigned to the U.S. foreign pol- guardians of a Federal Constitution theyare swornto uphold.

ElK July 17, 1987 Feature 31 They must define that vigilant devotion as a mission, in the manner which avoids his full accountability for the conduct sense that Secretary Adams's definition of "community of of our intelligence establishment. principle" defines trueservice to our Constitution and repub­ The doctrine of "policy, methods, and procedures," does lic. Within that broad assignment, they must be afforded a not enable accountability, but actually avoids it. "Policy, cohering, special sense of "mission" in the sector for which methods, and procedures," is a synonym for a bureaucratized they are assigned responsibility, as a regimental, division, or process of unprincipled expediency. The intelligence officer corps commander practices "mission tactics" in the sector of of each unit is no longer accountable to serve principle, and his assigned responsibility. does not hold the unit under his direction to such accounta­ The efficient implementation of the locally assigned mis­ bility in its performance. sion in a manner coherent with the general mission of the The President must assume the same quality of account­ intelligence community as a whole, is the premise on which ability for the intelligence establishment as a wartime com­ the architecture of appropriate Executive Orders must be mander of armies. He must cause the units under his com­ constructed. Let Germans describe this, not as "mission tac­ mand to understand and accept a principled definition of tics," but a term more suited to intelligence work, "mission mission, and must enforce a principled notion of rules of policy. " engagement governing the responsibilities for effective forms of innovative leadership of leaders of component units in the The corrupting impact of 'pluralism' field. He must hold his subordinates to those principled def­ Thegreat difficultywhich confronted the late Director of initions of mission and rules of engagement. It is only in this Central Intelligence, William Casey, and others, in attempt­ way that the President can ,exertefficient command over, and ing to rebuild the intelligence services so badly mauled over efficient accountability for, the functioning of the intelli­ the 1967- 1980 interval, is that the widespread admiration of gence services. the dogma of "pluralism," tends to prevent assigning any This is the only way in which the President can ensure specific choice of guidance by principles to agencies of gov­ that degree of accountability which the Reagan administra­ ernment. tion has professed itself to lack, and from which it has sought It is impossible to set rules which prevent an intelligence to distance itself respecting aU unpleasantness flowing from community from degenerating into a "Frankenstein's mon­ operations, such as the scandalous connection to the drug­ ster" of one sort or another, unless the functioning of the running "Contras," conducted under the architecture of 12333 services is based on very strict principles. and 12334. Given the sometimes unsavory realities which go with The subject Executive Order's literary style, in and of intelligence work, we must deal often with persons of contra­ itself, tends toward the kinds of obnoxious aberrations ex­ ry principles, or even almost no principles at all. Nonethe­ pressed in the extreme by operations under 12333 and 12334. less, we must draw a line between professional officials of The style is standard bureaucratic "boilerplate," which says the intelligence services, who must be self-governed by strict, almost anything one chooses ' to read into it, thus saying mission-defined principles, and those merely useful persons almost nothing; each has the character of a self-exculpatory who base their association with our services' functions on a document written by a bureaucrat for no essential purpose mercenary or kindred sort of motivation. It is the duty of but to cause the insertion of this document in various files. those professional officials to control the sector they are as­ The essence of the language used is a de facto intent by the signed to coordinate, to ensure that a mission policy consist­ President to evade accountability for intelligence functions. ent with the principles of the American War of Independence Underneath the mere smokescreen of flowery bureaucratic is efficientlyenfor ced. boilerplate, no strict principle is stipulated. For lack of sufficiently efficient recognition of this im­ This very "boilerplate" style, used as a way of causing perative, the 1981-1986 efforts to rebuild the intelligence the President to enjoy "plausible denial ," ensures, that by community, failed to build significantamounts of viable tis­ evading accountability, he abandons effective control . By sue, and built up the cancer of "secret government" instead. disowning parental responsibility for the existence and de­ We have not attempted to assess Mr. Casey's part, except to velopment of the infant, he unleashes a nasty, uncontrolled emphasize that the loss of his services temporarily deprived bastard, who may destroy him. our governmentof a functioning Director with the knowledge Executive orders bearing upon the composition of the and experience needed to keep the "secret government"mon­ intelligence community must be of an altogether different ster under some degree of control. What is clear, is that the literary style than those which have surfaced to public notice President not only failed to supply the kind of mission policy during the postwar period to date. The style must be one indispensable to a healthily functioning intelligence service, which stresses an efficientservice of strict principle, and does but that the President's signature on EO 12333 and EO 12334 this by elaborating those conceptions which embody such set the cancer of "secret government" into motion. reflectionof strict principle. This is the radical change which The President of the United States must never act in any must be made.

32 Feature EIR July 17, 1987 How executive orders set up the secret government

by Robert Greenberg

When, on Dec. 4, 1981, in the firstyear of his administration , effort to overturn the Constitution and impose a "National President Reagan signed Executive Orders 12333 and 12334, Bolshevik" corporatist (fascist) government in the United he inadvertently sowed the seeds for the destruction of his States, as EIR has exhaustively documented in a 341 -page own administration, and possibly the constitutional form of April 1987 report on Project Democracy. Along with Trust government that has been governing the United States for agent Armand Hammer, and Israeli ;agent Michael Ledeen, 200 years . By signing these orders , President Reagan created they have also been at the center of the "New Yalta" negoti­ the framework for a "secret government," operating both ations with the Soviets, which includes abandoning Western inside and outside the administration, to eventually seize all Europe, Asia, and the Middle East to Soviet domination. policy control. What then constitutes the real "secret government," and To understand how this could occur, one must highlight what enabled them to gain control? The answer to that ques­ an obvious, but important point concerningthe role of intel­ tion lies in examining the content and history of the writing ligence in the formulation and conduct of strategic , foreign, and implementation of Executive Orders 12333 and 12334. and domestic policy. Simply put, one can control the for­ mulation and timely implementation of policy, and therefore Government in the shadows the operations of government, by controlling the content and When President Reagan signed �xecutive Orders 12333 flow of intelligence and the conduct of intelligence opera­ and 12334, he laid the basis for the privatization of U.S. tions. In this way, a secret intelligence apparatus can effec­ intelligence, while simultaneously granting certain networks tively seize control over the conduct of the government. the powerto destroy anyone who go� in their way through the While the press has recently picked up on the notion of a reinstitution of Cointelpro-style o�rations in a form that "secret government," this has mostly been misdirection, por­ made the illegalities of the 1960s look constitutional by com­ traying it as instituted and directed by the President, with the parison. aid of Reagan loyalists such as former National Security EO 12333 provides the guidelines for two essential ele­ Adviser William Clark and current Attorney General Ed ments of the intelligence effort-the conduct of intelligence Meese. Nothing could be further from the truth. Clark, who, activities and a definitionof what constitutes the intelligence for reasons never fully explained, left the NSC in October community. It is not necessary to gp through the entire 14- 1983, was considered an obstacle by the actual players in the page order line by line; it is necesslJIY to highlight key fea­ "secret government." In fact, it was not until Clark left the tures of the order. NSC and was replaced by a more naive and malleable Robert The statement of purpose ofthe order directs the intelli­ "Bud" McFarlane as National Security Adviser, that this gence community to engage in "the collection of information apparatus could fully exert control over the administration. concerning, and the conduct of activities to protect against, As we shall begin to document, the real "secret govern­ intelligence activities directed against the United States, in­ ment" is dominated by a coherent network of the "right-wing ternationalterrorist and internationalnarcotic activiti es, and social democracy," whose leadership is comprisedof former other hostile activities directed ag�st the United States by Comintern associates of Bolshevik leaders Nikolai Bukharin foreign powers, organizations, pe�ns and their agents." and Leon Trotsky, such as ex-Cominternoperative Jay Love­ This is to beconducted under th� directionof the National stone, and his close associate Irving Brown. Included in the Security Council which is designated to act "as the highest present-day leadership of this apparatus are proteges of Love­ executive branch that provides review of and guidance for stone and Brown such as Leo Cherne and Roy Godson. and direction to the conduct of all national foreign intelli­ It is this apparatus that has been at the center of a 20-year gence, counterintelligence, and s�ial activities and attend-

EIR July 17, 1987 Feature 33 ant policies and programs ." Since it is obvious that control mistically called "unconsented physical searches," the FBI of the NSC is crucial to the control of the government, it is can also plant evidence to further this process. not hard to understand why Judge Clark, a factional opponent It should also be noted that if the FBI wants to avoid of the social democracy, had to go, before it could succeed direct participation, the order allows it to hire a private or­ in its plans. ganization to do its dirty work. The order also allows it to Aside from the use of the intelligence capabilities within supplement its own operations by providing information and government institutions, the order allows for: direction to a state, county, or local law enforcement agency. "[AlII agencies within the intelligence community ... An expert on the domestic uses of 12333, clearly stated to enter into contracts or arrangements for the provision of the real purpose of this aspect of the order in a colloquium on goods or services with private companies or institutions in the subject: the United States and need not reveal the sponsorship of such "Thus the word neutralization describes intelligence work contractsfor authorized intelligence purposes." more accurately than does the law enforcement word interd­ iction. The purpose of neutralization is to make something Cointeipro revisited harmless ....The approach is different in intent and oper­ Within this framework, the Department of Justice and the ations method form that of law enforcement. If judicial pun­ FBI, under the direction of the NSC, are given the extraor­ ishment is not necessarily the goal, then rules of evidence dinary powers necessary to conduct operations against any­ and action can be more flexible. " one deemed to be a threat by those in control of the intelli­ gence and policy apparatus. The footprints of the secret government "The Attorney General hereby is delegated the power to To begin to identify the persons who comprise the "secret approve the use for intelligence purposes, within the United government," it is simply necessary to identify the process States or against a United States person abroad, of any tech­ that went into the drafting of EO 12333. nique for which a warrant would be required if undertaken That process is best established by examining a series of for law enforcement purposes, provided that such techniques conferences hosted separately by the American Bar Associ­ shall not be undertaken unless the Attorney General has de­ ation's Committee on Law and National Security, and Roy termined in each case that there is probable cause to believe Godson's National Strategy Information Centers' Consor­ that the technique is directed against a foreign power or an tium for the Study of Intelligence (CSI), which conferences agent of a foreign power." were responsible for guiding the creation of 12333. A cross­ Critically, while paying lip service to the need to establish gridding of the participants in these conferences, with Rea­ probable cause, the usual strict criterion for probable cause gan's intelligence transition team, and those responsible for is eliminated, and the determination instead is left to the implementing the order from within the institutions of gov­ whim of those persons implementing the policy. Thus, if ernment, begins to name the names of the real secret govern­ information accusing an individual or organization of being ment. linked to "internationalterrorist" activity, "internationalnar­ In December 1979, with Ronald Reagan already a shoo­ cotic" activity, or an "agent of a foreign power," can be put in for the presidency, the ABA's committee under the direc­ into the system, and the persons in charge deem it reliable, tion of Chicago lawyer MorrisLeibman, hosted a conference this would be enough to establish that person or group as a on the topic of the changes needed in law to revitalize U.S. "national security threat" and thus fall within the guidelines. intelligence, which was badly hurt under the Carter admin­ The order gives the FBI the power to run counterintellig­ istration. One of the purposes of holding such a conference ence operations even if it rips up the Constitution in the so early, was for a specific grouping of people to establish process. For example, in describing prohibitions of warrant­ itself at the center of the new intelligence policy that was less searches, the order prohibits "unconsented physical certain to come about under a Reagan administration. searches in the United States by agencies other than the FBI." Among the players in attendance were: Theorder also allows the FBI to resume the practice of William Casey. Then Reagan's campaign manager, he penetrating and influencing the activity of targeted organi­ was to be appointed Director of Central Intelligence. As zations under conditions where Oliver North testified, Casey set up a private CIA while a) "the participation is undertakenon behalf of the FBI in serving as DCI. He was a primary author of the orders. the course of a lawful investigation," or Kenneth De Graffenreid. A staffmember of the Senate b) "the organization concerned is composedprimarily of Select Committee on Intelligence, he was a member of the individuals who are not United States persons and is reason­ transition team, and went on to become the director of intel� ably believed to be acting on behalf of a foreignpower. " ligence programs at NSC. He, along with Casey, was the The order therefore allows the FBI to penetrate an orga­ primary author of 12333. nization and conduct illegal activities in its name, thereby Herb Romerstein. Then a staff member of the House establishing the basis for prosecution of the organization and Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, he went on to persons within it. By engaging in "black-bag jobs" euphe- head up the Disinformation Desk at the United States Infor-

34 Feature EIR July 17, 1987 mation Agency. particularly after 1983, show them to be dominated by per­ Angelo Codevilla. A staff member on the Senate Select sons associated with this network. Committee on Intelligence, and a close associate of Romer­ Another key development occurred in 1979 with the es­ stein. Code villa was a member of Reagan's intelligence tran­ tablishment of the Officeof Special Irlvestigations of the U.S. sition team, and helped draft 12333. Justice Department. Established as a so-called Nazi-hunting John Norton Moore. A professor at the University of unit, OSI has become the key channel for Soviet intelligence Virginia, he became the legal spokesman for the anti-consti­ penetration of the Department of Justice. OSI is the only tutional approach to intelligence operations as a consultant to organization in the U.S. governmentwhich is authorized to the Intelligence Oversight Board. have contact and collaborate with the Soviet KGB and other Roy Godson. Director of CSI, he sponsored six confer­ Warsaw Pact intelligence services. "Intelligence" from these ences on the subject of revitalizing U.S. intelligence. The services has been responsible for most of the OSI' s key cases. participants at those conferences not only were responsible Not surprisingly, the idea for the creation of OSI came from the chairman of the ABA's Cornmittee on Law and National Security, Morris Leibman. It is also not surprising, that key members of the DoJ's Criminal Division, such as Within this Jra mework, the John Martin, and the FBI's Intelligence Division, such as Department oj Justice and the FBI. John Nolan, were active participan� in Godson's seminars. under the direction qfthe are NSC, Oversight and direction given the extraordinarypower s While EO 12333 established the basis for operations of necessary to conduct op eratiOns the secret government, its companion orders 12331 and 12334 provided for oversight and direction of that body through the ag ainst anyone deemed to be a reestablishment of the President's Foreign Intelligence Ad­ threat by those in contro l qf the visory Board and the Intelligence

EIR July 17, 1987 Feature 35 Is Moscow's new diplomacy really puzzling?

by Crtton Zoakos

Following the June 25-26 Plenary meeting of the Soviet Cen­ extradite its nationals for realor alleged war crimes, but must tral Committee, we have had numerous fine examples of trythem at home, since Gromykoknew that such extraditions Moscow's "New foreign policy philosophy," two of which would be illegal, why did he make his demand? And since are of striking , but characteristic barbarity . One is the brutal most of the names on his list were names of persons either treatmentof West GennanPresident Richard von Weizsicker dead or already tried in German courts, why , then, the re­ while on official state visit to Moscow; the second is the quest? And, why, indeed, the sonorous publicity given it by treatment of U.S. Secretary of State George Shultz at the the Russian newspapers? hands of Soviet Ambassador to Washington Yuri Dubinin. Very simply, Moscow wanted to humiliate in public, the Both Shultz and von Weizsicker, the latest victims of Soviet President of the Federal Republic of Gennany . brutality, are devout proponents of policies of appeasement The second noticeable case of Russia's brutality toward and capitulation to Moscow . its friends: On July 10, after weeks of absence, Soviet Am­ What Moscow does to its appeasers should be instruc­ bassador to Washington Yuri Dubinin returned to Washing­ tive-both to them and to the rest ofus . President von Weiz­ ton to meet with George Shultz. This was the ambassador's sicker, fromJuly 6 to 10, was on an official visit to the Soviet first meeting with the Secretary since the conclusion of the Union, attempting to proclaim the new era of friendship and so-called historical Central Committee Plenum, in which, if cooperation between the Germanand the Russian people. He the New York Times is to be believed, capitalist restoration foolishly praised Gorbachov and his "new leadership," and was virtually imposed on Russia by the "Gorbachov revolu- made other embarrassing statements of propitiation. In re­ tion. " turn, he was treated with the worst contempt any satrap has According to press spokesmanCharles Redman, the State ever suffered in the hands of his sovereign. General Secretary Department was very disappointed with the July 10 Shultz­ Gorbachov lectured him on the evils of speaking about Ger­ Dubinin meeting. The disappointment stems from the fact man unity; Soviet President Andrei Gromyko, at the state that Dubinin "repeated unacceptable parts of the Soviet p0- banquet, handed von Weizsicker a list of names which, Gro­ sitions in the Geneva talks ," and, also , that he failed to myko said, was of persons who were war criminals that respond to the State Department's invitation for Soviet For­ Gennany should extradite to the Soviet Union; the Russian eign Minister Eduard Shev�ze to come to Washington newspapers incessantly lectured von Weizsicker on the im­ in order to arrange for an actual summit meeting this year, in portance of upholding treaty obligations-perhaps an allu­ which President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachov sion to the Hitler-Stalin Pact. The question arose: Since, are to sign a Euromissile arms treaty . The State Department, according to law, the Federal Republic of Germany cannot following the Shultz-Dubinin meeting, has found the Rus-

36 International EIR July 17, 1987 sians "noticeably less willing to make progress in detailed agreement with a political faction which might not be able to discussions of the Euromissile treaty . " honor it the following year. The Soviet leadership, with in­ Widely discussed among increasingly nervous State De­ creasing interest, has been concerningitself with the question partment bureaucrats is the question of "why" the Russians of who and what will be the next American and Western aremoving to brutalize such public figures as Shultz and von leadership that will replace the Reagan administration. So Weizsacker, who have been so useful in promoting Soviet­ far, their analysts appear to be out of luck. sponsored, supported, or authored policies. A more dis­ Perhaps more perplexing in the eyes of Soviet intelli­ cussed question is: Why are the Soviet moving away from gence analysts, than all other phenonema of America's errat­ arms control, and away from the prospect of a Reagan-Gor­ ic political life, is the spectacular extravaganza of the Iran bachov summit? These questions, of course, hold fascination and Contra-gate hearings in Congr�s, and the dramatic po­ only among those in the foreign policy officialdom who have litical warfare surrounding the candidacy of Lyndon H. believedthe great propaganda myth of Gorbachov' s "restruc­ LaRouche, Jr. for the presidency ofthe United States. These turing" policies. Secretary Shultz was one of the few cabinet two processes of American political life, LaRouche and Ir­ members who, speaking on the record, welcomed Gorba­ angate, are now the central concern oftheRussian leadership. chov's perestroika as a harbinger of peace and greater East­ These two matters will define what kind of competition Mos­ West cooperation. Those who, like the EIR, have seen in cow will have in 1988-89, and that, in tum, defineswhat the perestroika nothing but the continuing aggressive war drive Kremlin command must do to reach its objective of world of the Soviet economy under Marshal Nikolai Ogarkov's domination. It appears that, at present, Moscow sees George plan, saw nothing strange in Moscow's treatment of Weiz­ Shultz's and the liberals' faction in the United States, as sacker and Shultz, and therefore did not ask the question seeming to be on the losing side. There are certainly questions "why." Those who are asking why the Soviets are behaving in Moscow over the usefulness of signing an arms-control so brutally, are simply reflecting Shultz's mistaken percep­ treaty in 1987, with a political faction of the United States tions of perestroika . If one rejects the Secretary's rose-col­ which will be out of power, and therefore unable to imple­ ored glasses and sees the Soviet war mobilization as what it ment it, during 1988. is, one would not be surprised by Moscow's brutalaction s. At best, Soviet readings of the present American power struggle, are very uncertain. Moscow's treatment of Weiz­ Will there be a Reagan-Gorbachov summit? sacker and their attitude toward Shultz's cherished dream of Despite the fact that Moscow kicking its friends in the an agreement this year, suggest that certain bottom-line teeth should not be viewed, as a matter of principle, as a guidelines have been issues at the latest June 25-26 Central departure from policy, there has been a certain shift of em­ Committee Plenum. These guidelines, in summary, appear phasis in Soviet tactics, which merits a certain attention. to be: When in doubt about the political factional refinements Until recently, Moscow's tactical attitude toward the West in targetted nations, apply pressure on those nations without was to try and produce aU. S. withdrawal from Western regard to factional considerations. Europeby means of an arms-control agreement on interme­ So, Western public figures, such as Weizsacker, Shultz, diate-range nuclear missiles in Europe. The Russians were and others who act as Russia's ambassadors of good will, to counting on what they privately call their "Reagan card," the extent that they continue to be members of target govern­ PresidentReagan 's obsessive desire to reach an arms-control ments, will receive the hostility which Moscow reserves for agreement with Gorbachov during this year. From the Octo­ those governments without any special consideration for its ber 1986 summit at Reykjavik to recently, Soviet diplomacy useful fools. The treatmentof Weizsacker and Shultz should was to a large degree shaped to facilitate the efforts of offi­ serve as a warning to others: The so-called East-West rela­ cials such as Shultz, Charles Wick, and others who, against tionship is rapidly being taken away from the realm of ideo­ all sound military advice, have been pressuring Reagan to logies, political preferences and politics, to the realm of raw, sign an arms-control agreement this year. Beginning in the naked, interests of state. For the Kremlin, the takeover of spring of 1987, George Shultz and the State Department, West Germany's technologically sophisticated economy, is withhelp from like-minded friends among WesternEurope 's a matter of irrepressible state interests. Whether that takeover foreign ministries, have been urging that an arms-control is accomplished by guile, betrayal, threat, or by violence, agreement, at least on Euromissiles, be signed this year, on makes no difference. This seems to be what Moscow is sig­ thetheory thatduring next year, a presidential election year naling with its increasingly provocative posture. in the U.S.A., it will be impossible to produce an arms So, the question comes up, can'the United States afford agreement. George Shultz and his policies of appeasement at a time in Progressively, the more Shultz argued in favor of haste, which each concession to Moscow brings forth a new, more the more cautious the Soviets became. The question began to brazen demand from Moscow? Perhaps it is time for Shultz be discussed in Moscow, whether it is worth making an to resign, as the Soviets suspect he will.

EIR July 17, 1987 International 37 Soviets on Trial in Paris

LaRouche and the European Labor Party take on theAndropov dynasty by Claude Albert

Twenty people, including a correspondent of the Soviet press in the world, he said, the Anti-Drug Coalitions, the Fusion agency Novosti, filled a small courtroom of the Tribunal de Energy Foundation (FEF), the Club of Life , the Schiller Grande Instance in Paris on July 1 to hear the proceedings of Institute, "the goal of this whole movement being to defend the case of Lyndon LaRouche and the Parti Ouvrier Europeen Mr. LaRouche's ideas." Referring to LaRouche's proposals (POE-European Labor Party), against the Soviet weekly to fight drugs, Varaut stressed that these rapidly triggered the Temps Nouveaux, the French edition of New Times. A civil hostility of the "marijuana le�lization lobby." suit for defamation was filed last November by LaRouche "I know Mr. LaRouche," he went on . "I do not share all and his French associates, against the semi-official organ of of his political positions, but he is a remarkably cultivated the CPSU Central Committee, for the publication, the month man with whom I have had philosophical discussions of great before , in all nine language editions of the magazine, of a interest. Although I do not agree with him on Aristotle, I violent five-page attack describing LaRouche and his friends have much admiration for the very remarkable translation of as "Nazis without swastikas." Plato's Timaeus into English Which he had published. The Soviet defendants included Semyon Rostovski, alias "It is from this philosophical standpoint that Mr. La­ Ernst Henry , a long-time KGB officer; Lev Bezymensky, Rouche is opposed to religious Zionism," Varaut explained. who belongs like Henry to a close-knit group of Soviet jour­ "What has led him to oppose certain decisions or political nalistic "experts" in "Nazism" and "fascism"; as well as initiatives of the Israeli state has nothing to do with anti­ Aeroflot and a Paris bookstore, subpoenaed as distributors. Semitism, which is contrary t<1' the philosophical convictions They were represented respectively, by Bernard Grelon, the expressed by Mr. LaRouche," he said, referring the judges associate of Communist lawyer Joe Nordmann, detained in to an article by the plaintiffpijblish ed in Nouvelle Solidarite Lyons at the Klaus Barbie trial where he represented the of Oct. 29, 1979, under the tit;le "My Policy toward Judaism Communist Resistance organizations, and attorneys Cohen and Zionism." and Arlabos. In 1982, Lyndon LaRouche was led to "violently oppose "This trial is a surprise," Jean-Marc Varaut, the plain­ Soviet policy and took a stand in favor of the new anti-missile tiffs'lawyer, opened his argument. Is there a precedent? "Not weapons," Varaut continued. "And it was immediately after to my knowledge," he went on . "This is the firsttime Soviet that, in 1983-84, that he becaIlilethe target of repeated attacks defendants have taken a lawyer, as they ordinarily are ab­ in the Soviet press: For example, on Nov. 15, 1983, Izvestia sent." It is because of the "specifically protective character called LaRouche's associates "troglodytes"; on March 12, of French defamation law," which holds the journalist as 1984, the same publication described them as "neo-fascists" significantly responsible, V araut explained, that Lyndon led by a "Fuhrer" and "using the methods of the Italian Black­ LaRouche and the POE have come before a French court to shirts and the German Nazis"; on April 6, 1984, Pravda file a suit against an article "of great violence, in which described an FEF conference in Paris on beam weapons as a everything said is most surprising," published in "what is "colloquium of murderers" �d "cannibals"; on Sept. 30, called in proper French a propaganda organ." 1986, Sovetskaya Kultura wrote that "the LaRouchists had Presenting Lyndon LaRouche and his worldwide move­ contact with the Ku Klux Klan and the American neo-Nazis." ment to the three judges of the Premiere Chambre hearing the case, Varaut spoke of the American politician's "anti-mal­ A 'world system of slander repetition' thusianism" and "original position in favor of a new world Such "belated" attacks-the Soviets, prior to La­ economic order." A series of associations have been created Rouche's campaign for the Strategic Defense Initiative, had

38 International EIR July 17, 1987 shown interest in the FEF's work on laser research and in the gathering of Jews and Christians, have done more to explain, "LaRouche-Riemann" econometric model-occurred "at a elucidate, and keep alive the memory of the Hitlerian holo­ politically coherent time," said Jean-Marc Varaut. These caust in the non-Jewish world than the Jews themselves." attacks are propagated via the Soviets' "satellites," "trans­ LaRouche is accused ofracism in that he would call for a mission belts," by "the fellow travelers," and "those who do "golden race." In fact, Varaut explained, "he is alluding to not even know that they are traveling." This "world system the golden, silver, and bronze souls as Plato defined them," of repetition" was used afterthe murder of Olof Palme , when and he is also referring to the Platonic notion of the "golden the rumor was put out internationallythat the POE was behind thread," found in Plato's RepUblic, "the golden thread which the killing. everyone weaves, in different ways, throughout one's exis­ And yet, Varaut underlined, "French justice had put or­ tence, and which represents the highest praise of the human der" into all of that, with a number of rulings, over the past individual. " fiveyears , condemning the authors of similar slanders against Concerning the charge of "Nazism," Varaut referred the the LaRouche movement, as, for example, in cases pitting judges to the speech which Marie-Madeleine Fourcade, head thelatter against theInterlUltiolUll Herald Tribune, Dr. Claude of a Resistance network during World War II, gave on "The Olievenstein, or the weekly L' Evenement du feudi. Similar Myth of Hitler's Legal Seizure of Power" at the Club of Life rulings have been made by West German courts over the conference in Paris in February 1983. "This is the same same type of slanders, such as against Der Sp iegel, the WDR Marie-Madeleine Fourcade," said Varaut to the judges, radio-TV channel, or a journalist, Paul Langenberg, whom "whose recent testimony at the Barbie trial in Lyons, moved the Soviets cite as a source, and whom the Aachen court me as it must have moved you." But "one is always some­ reproached with "not having done serious research" on the body's fascist in the Soviets' eyes," he added, "even if, for POE before writing on it. that, they rely on the writings of a journalist like Dennis The defendants, Varaut then said, are accusing Mr. King, which have twice been ruled against in West Ger­ LaRouche of "nit-picking" and suing all the press around. many." Proof that it is not true, said the plaintiffs ' counsel, is that "One cannot help noticing that there is a strange conjunc­ when an article is published which is "severe, critical, even tion between the advocates of drug decriminalization and the hostile but objective and not going overboard by distorting Soviets of New Times," Varaut went on. "Both are engaged the facts ," such as that published by B. Brigouleix in Le in the same campaign of systematic libel against Mr. La­ Monde of April 16, 1986, the POE does not sue the publica­ Rouche." tion, nor does it demand a retraction. "I have had the oppor­ To illustrate the Soviets' method of slander-by-amalgam­ tunity to see," Varaut reported bitterly, "the use which the ation, the plaintiffs ' lawyer came back several times to the Soviets make of 'nit-picking neurosis' when that term was virulent assertions of ErnstHenry , who called the LaRouche applied to Leonid Plyoutch, whom I went to Kiev to defend." movement a "typical product" of the CIA "used for subver­ The adversaries, trying to "dodge the debate," claim that sion operations, including terroristones ," and surroundedby the POE in France lacks standing to sue them because, as "fascist parasites." such, it is not affected by the New Times attack, contrary to Varaut concluded by calling on the Court to judge the the European Labor Parties in Sweden and West Germany article as libelous, to condemn the authors to substantial and organizations associated with LaRouche in the United damages and order them to publish the ruling in two French States. But, Varaut underlined, "The POE exists as a move­ national dailies. If the Soviets comply, Varaut added wryly, ment inspired by Mr. LaRouche's ideas, and it is these ideas maybe this will be a sign of "New Times." which are being put on trial and which mean that the POE must be considered as a single movement." Mr. LaRouche's The cost of attacking the Soviets and the KGB lawyer also noted that, despite the Soviets' claim, his client In the name of the defendant journalists and editors of was personally targeted by the slander and therefore had New Times, Nordmann's associate Grelon started his argu­ standing to sue for damages. ment with a revealing admission: The incriminated article, he said, is "an answer to the extremely numerous and violent The Platonic 'golden thread' attacks Mr. LaRouche has been launching against the Soviet Returningto the issues of the debate, Varaut declared that Union, the KGB , and some important Soviet personalities "the facts" of which Mr. LaRouche and his movement are since 1979." New Times is not the "initiator" of articles hos­ accused, "have never been proved." Lyndon LaRouche is tile to Lyndon LaRouche, and in fact, according to Grelon, said to have denied the existence of the Nazi Holocaust. To the Soviet publication has "only taken him on in a moderate this, Varaut answered by quoting John Weber, a leading fashion compared to a number of assertions published in the member of the Jewish community in California, saying, in a Western press." speech he gave at a founding conference of the Club of Life The Soviets' lawyer, as examples of such attacks, men­ in 1982, that "Lyndon LaRouche and his organization, a tioned that according to the "LaRouche organization," "the

EIR July 17, 1987 International 39 AIDS virus could have come out of a Soviet laboratory with only a couple of words!-to make his case: "LaRouche uses the aim of destroying the West"; "Since 1967 , Yuri Andro­ the mask of anti-Zionism as a necessary cover for anti-Sem­ pov, then head of the KGB , has been pulling the strings of itism ....Like all anti-Semites, LaRouche has his 'good world terrorism"; Khomeini was "put in power by KGB agent Jews' . . . all of the characteristics of anti -Semitic prose can Kim Philby"; and "Khrushchev congratulated Mao Zedong be found here." After quoting Goebbels (in the only full­ for having weakened the American army in Vietnam with length quote of his entire d�tribe) the lawyer for the most drugs." anti-Semitic country in the ' world today, called upon the LaRouche, said Grelon, "is trying to use the legal system French court to actually defiJl,eLaRouche as an anti-Semite. to makecredible the idea that he is a serious party. " His claim Furthermore, said Grelon, "the word Nazi is considered to represent the POE in different countries proves that he slanderous" but "I am not certain that it is." Perhaps it were admits, Grelon argued shamelessly, that he is not only the better to consider it as a "v�ue judgment," as is often the "thinker" behind these parties, but that "the POE does not case in the use of the word "fascist," rather than a statement function according to a democratic principle." Thus, said the about a precise act. In the New Times article, Grelon said Soviets' attorney, "since LaRouche decides and the POE absurdly, LaRouche "is not identifiedas a Nazi in the Hitler­ implements ," this means that LaRouche is indeed a "Fuhrer" ian sense," although such a comparison "would be appropri­ in Germany, "Fuhrer being the exact translation into German ate given LaRouche's totalitatian politics." There is no charge of the English term leader. " of a specific act, and the "wCllrrying practices of LaRouche" What is LaRouche's method? According to the Commu­ providean excuse, that "of tl1Uth," to the defendants. nist lawyer, using typical Stalinist sophisms, it involves first "Ideology is the essential element of totalitarianism and "constant defamation." The victims of this defamation: Brit­ fascism," said Grelon. "WiUl LaRouche it is founded on ish peacenik "Emma Rothschild and her father" Lord Roth­ paranoid delirium, megalomania, in which a closed system schild, "accused of being KGB agents"; High Times writer is built in which all adversari¢s are necessarily enemies. That Dennis King, accused of being an agent of the "drug lobby" is the same as Nazi ideology�" The idea of "supermen," the along withAmer ican joumalist MarkNykanen; German Green "cult of the chief' are fundamental elements of his ideology leader PetraKelly , characterized as a "dirty whore"; "Jewish and that of "the fascists who $urround him." Other character­ organizations," accused of being"foreign agents"; the "IMP," istics of "Nazism": "violence" and the "will to eliminate his accused of "killing more people than Adolf Hitler"; Prince adversaries," to "name namell. " Charles, a "degenerate." While certain paranoids are harm­ Then, in a great display 'of confusion, Grelon affirmed less, said the Communist lawyer, LaRouche is "dangerous" that the "Golden Souls" mentioned in LaRouche's writings becausehe seeks to "play a role in world society" and desires are references to the "Greek: myth of the Golden Race" to to "governthe world." "justifya particularelite . " "'Otis Greek myth is not a Platonic LaRouche, Grelon had the gall to assert, "ceaselessly myth but a Hesiodic, pre-SO¢ratic myth aimed at explaining sues the Western press" because in "his system freedom of the relations between heroes, and men and how the cycle of speech is denied." "The right to criticize, to make value time intervenes into human affairs." Having said this, Grelon judgments, must be fully exercised," said the Soviets' law­ went on to attack the "remarkable intellectual mixture of yer. Grelon called upon the French court to be inspired not LaRouchewho references Plato, Leibniz, St. Augustine, and by French law, which delimits the freedomto slander, but by Charlemagne. " German and American common law, which recognize the Further, it is not libelou$ to say that "a member of the notion of "value judgments" and "honest opinions." In short, POE was arrested in Sweden because he was suspected of statements that a French court would judge as libelous in the assassinating Olof Palme." After all, "mentally unbalanced absence of proof of their veracity, should be treated as an people commit criminal acts, in all parties.... " Using his irreproachable ''value judgment." The Soviet defendants went by-now evident implacable logic, Grelon added: If neo-Nazi further,claiming that the statements made inNew Times were provocateurs tried to infiltrate the Swedish POE, as the POE not merely honest opinion but truthful! Hence their misuse claims, this proves-does it not?-that "the party's ideas of a 1980 New York Supreme Courtruling which refusedto attractneo-Nazis . " characterize Anti-Defamation League allegations that La­ Lawyer Arlabos, representing one of the distributors of Rouche is anti-Semitic as slander: The Soviets grossly dis­ New Times, the Livre du M.u,son 'Etranger, argued that it tortedeven this, claiming that the New York Court ruled that should be removed as a defendant given that the article's LaRouche is anti-Semitic, although in two previous cases, authors wererepresented . Althoughit appearsin bold type in French courts have ruled that this was not the conclusion all issues of New Times that "New Times is distributed world­ reached in that case, and could not, in any case, have any wide by Aeroftot," the lawyer for Aeroftot, Mr. Cohen, ar­ bearingon the question of proof. gued that there was "no proof" that Aeroftot actually distrib­ Grelon then plunged into a diatribe made of fallacies of uted this specific issue. composition, quotations out of context-sometimes quoting The decision will be handed down on Sept. 30.

40 International EIR July 17, 1987 On May 20, the daily Hurriyet exposed the fact that NATO countries have allowed the PKK to operate unhindered on their territories. Indeed, a source of the PKK' s financing has Thrkey fe ars betrayal come from its ability to impose a "revolutionary tax" on Kurdish workers abroad, especially in West Germany. The by State Department West German governmenthas done nothing to stop the rack­ et. Kurdish organizations abroad which oppose the PKK are by ThierryLalevee being given the same treatment as Turkish villagers. On June 16, the leader of the Kurdish Workers' Association in France was gunned down on the streets of Paris, in what is consid­ Recent developments are making Turkish leaders wonder ered the firstshot of a war, whereby the. PKK wants to emerge whether their country is destined to be sacrificedby the U. S. as the sole Kurdish organization. State Department, in the drive for a Reagan-Gorbachov sum­ And while Syria supports the PKK's atrocities, the U.S . mit. The issue was put on the table on June 23 by President . State Department is discussing removing Syria from the list Kenan Evren, who angrily warnedthat Turkey's membership of countries supporting internationalterrori sm, because of its in NATO "should be put into question." A few days later, reported expUlsion of the Abu Nidal gang. Prime Minister Turgut Ozal downplayed the statement, say­ ing that it was intended to make a point to "an external 'Our patience is being tried' audience," and that Turkey would remain in NATO. But the Other political moves, instigated by the "Project Democ­ message was clear enough. racy" crowd in the United States, are seen in Ankara as a Among the principal factors provoking this outburst, is deliberate slap in the face. In May, the U. S. Senate passed a the fact that Turkey has become the target of a terroristblood­ resolution in recognition of the Armenian genocide by Turks bath, sponsored by the Soviet Union, through guerrillas of during World War I, while Congress was decreasing Amer­ the Kurdish Workers' Party (PKK) , and tolerated by the ican military aid to Turkey. President Evren's visit to Wash­ NATO allies. Since the beginning of the year, close to 100 ington was canceled, and now Foggy Bottom is telling the villagers have been killed by the PKK. On June 20, some 30 Turks that from September on, "President Reagan will be too villagers of Pinarcik were carefully selected for their political busy preparing the summit." The AFL-CIO has requested and social position, lined up, and executed. On July 9, an­ that Turkey be taken out of the list of the "General System of other 20 were killed in a small village close to Syria. Between Preferential Trade Agreements" of GAIT. The AFL-CIO, a the two attacks, some 15 villagers were kidnapped and driven pillar of Project Democracy, argued that "trade union rights to PKK military bases. Earlier this year, a large PKK raid have been violated in Turkey." had provoked the Turkish Army into retaliating against PKK At the end of June, the European Parliament voted up a bases inside Iraq. This was made possible by a treaty which resolution holding the Turkish government responsible for allows Ankara a margin of maneuver within 20 miles inside the World War I massacre of Armenians. Motions were pre­ Iraq. But now, most attacks are being conducted out of PKK sented to the European Parliament, aJildby the Foreign Affairs bases inside Syria, and Turkish officialsknow that the Soviets Commission of the British Parliament on July 3, urging that would be only too happy to cross into Turkish territory , in Turkey's membership in the European Community should be retaliation for a Turkish raid inside Syrian territory. frozen, as long as it has not withdrawn its troops from Cy­ With political headquarters in Damascus, military bases prus. on the Turkish border, training camps in Bulgaria, and an Said one Turkish observer, "Our patience is being tried information office in Athens, the PKK is well protected. Its and our people are becoming very anti-Western." The same recent attacks are a dramatic departure from previous years message was conveyed by Turkish Foreign Minister Hafel­ of low-intensity guerrilla warfare , and represent an all-out ogu in London on July 8, when he told Foreign Secretary offensive. Just days prior to the June 20 massacre, PKK chief Geoffrey Howe that he could not i explain to the Turkish Abdullah Ocalan sent a memorandum to his members in people the difference between the Foreign Affairs Commit­ Europe, announcing the creation of a "Liberation Army" tee's resolution and London's official position. inside Turkey. In the previous two months, several squads In this explosive political situation, a controversy erupted had established mobile military camps in the mountainous over an interview with U. S. presidential candidate Lyndon region. Turkish intelligence quickly ascertainedthat the routes LaRouche that appeared in the July 5 issue of the Istanbul they used to enter and leave Turkey are the very same used daily Hurriyet. Originally a 2,OOO-word dispatch by the Ana­ by the drug smugglers-no coincidence, since drug-smug­ tolian News Agency, which conducted the interview, its pub­ gling is one of the PKK' s major sources of financing. lication was truncated. But LaRouche's warningthat Turkey What angers the Turkish leaders most, is that the Soviet­ could be sacrificed by the State Department, in a deal with created PKK is treated with such indifference in the West. Gorbachov, came out loud and clear.

EIR July 17, 1987 International 41 Delvalle's thus succeeded in heading offfurther violence. However, President Delvfllle has shown he is susceptible to pressure . Delvalle firstcapitulated to U.S. pressures when he agreed to hold investigate, the hysterical charges brought against General Noriega by h�s former second-in-command, the lunatic mystic Roberto Dfaz Herrera. He also agreed to the government-oppositionmediation of Archbishop Marcos McGrath, one of whose claims to fame is that he signed the infamous "Inter-American Dialogue" manifesto of Sol Li­ nowitz and friends, which advocates "selective drug legali­ CU11 zation." P2U1 a crisis at At the same time, Delvalle held out an offer to negotiate with the opposition, which was flung back in his face by the st2U1doff-for noW" drug-linked oligarchs who embody the opposition. Christian Democratic leader Ricardo �rias Calderon responded, "I'm by Val erie Rush willing to talk to anyone abdut when General Noriega will leave, and that's about it ." Arnulfo Arias, the octagenarian Nazi and murderer who seek$ to return to the presidency on The failure of the Reagan administration to clean out the the sails of the U.S.-sponsored opposition movement, de­ "Project Democracy" secret government apparatus in the U.S. clared only that the goal was to "put an end to this repressive State Department and Congress has set the stage for confron­ regime" and that "everything 'is permitted to topple" it. tation in Panama, where the meddling of this network could bring with it incalculable damage to the strategic interests of 'Made in U.S.A.' the United States, and to its relations with the rest of the The fact is that no one in Panama is fooled by the manu­ Ibero-American continent. factured image of the so-called "democratic opposition." The For now, the Panamanian government appears to have documented involvement of lJ.S.Ambassador Arthur Davis weathered another storm. in the anti-governmentmachination s, the U.S Senate's "res­ First, under pressurefrom the Project Democracy forces­ olution" effectively demandiig Noriega's ouster, are part of domestic and foreign-Panamanian President Delvalle the story . In fact, the entire opposition movement was forged banned a pro-government rally planned for July 9, whose by the National Endowment for Democracy (NED alkJaProj ­ leading speaker was to have been Defense Forces chief Gen. ect Democracy) , in collaboration with Jeanne Kirkpatrick Manuel Antonio Noriega, and whose purpose was to have and Oliver North's stable of dontra-funding financiers. been a show of popular strength for the governnment and According to an expose published June 30 in the news­ defense forces. The ban, intended to include the opposition paper of the majority PRD party , the NED conduited funds, as well, nonetheless gave the anti-governmentelements pre­ through the Rev. Moon's CAUSA organization in Central cisely what they wanted. They planned to proceed with a July America and through former president and World Bank agent 10 rally, in an effort to present the government with two Nicolas Ardito Barletta, to set up the destabilization of Pan­ choices: It could order out the Panamanian Defense Forces ama. Leading drug banker and opposition figure Roberto (PDF) to shut it down, or it could abandon the field to its Eisenmann is identified as a: key liaison between such de­ enemy. In either case, the opposition reasoned, widespread stabilization specialists as Rep. (D-N.Y.) Steven Solarz and violence could be the result, threatening the Panama Canal the State Department's Johnl Maisto-both fresh from or­ itself. chestrating the overthrow of 'Ferdinand Marcos in the Phil­ That didn't occur, for the simple reason that the so-called ippines-and the Panamanian oligarchy's Modelho group, opposition in fact has little support outside the middle class the core of the so-called opposition. in the two main cities. What was supposed to have been a The article further describes how the U.S. State Depart­ huge demonstration proving the opposition's broad support, ment, through the Agency for International Development failed to materialize on July 10. Well-armed police used (AID), funneled money throu�h the Social Sciences Institute barricades and tear-gas to prevent those who did tum up from in Panama (identified two mdnths ago by EIR as engaged in reaching the demonstration site, and unlike earlier, there was operations against the Delvalle government)to profile poten­ very little violence. tial opposition leaders . Said an AID spokesman, "We sent By contrast, on Ju�y 8, 20,000 workers staged a pro­ out a number of letters to the private sector offering general government demonstration, beating the ban which became financing for projects that would strengthen democracy." effective the next day. Once profiled, they were recruited into Modelho by Eisen-

42 International EIR July 17, 1987 mann, after being trotted up to Washington D.C., for meet­ ings with Solarz and government officials, under the "strict Sweden supervision" of Jeanne Kirkpatrick. Eisenmann, according to the article, also put his recruits in touch with a group of wealthy Americans involved in Oliver North's Contra-fund­ ing operations, who began to channel funds to their newly­ adopted Panamanian "Contras." The involvement of the United States in Panama's de­ stabilization is a matter of public knowledge. On June 28, Soviet submarines Panama recalled its ambassador from Washington to protest what President Delvalle called "intolerable interfence . . . in spur officers' revolt the internal affairs of Panama." On June 29, the Panamanian Legislative Assembly passed a resolution demanding that by Goran Haglund Ambassador Davis be declared persona non grata and tossed out of Panama. On June 30, demonstrators stoned the U.S. embassy and painted it with angry slogans. Even the Orga­ For the firsttime this year, the Swedish armed forces opened nization of American States gathered in emergency session fire on a Soviet submarine on July 1, coincident with a re­ to urge maintenance of good relations between the United newed officers' revolt against official downplaying of the States and Panama, and to protest "unwarranted interference unceasing violations of Swedish waters. A Navy anti-sub­ in the domestic affairs of Panama." Only the United States marine-warfare helicopter dropped several depth charges and voted against the resolution. launched anti-submarine grenades against an intruding So­ How far the destabilization of Panama will go remains to viet vessel in the inner archipelago offTore , Sweden' s north­ be seen. What is a certainty is that the United States is a ernmost deep-water port in the Gulf of Bothnia. guaranteed loser, and the Soviets a sure winner. The periscope and part of the hllll of an intruding sub­ marinewere firstseen on June 28 in thesemilitarily sensitive waters by three fishermen, at a distanceof about 100meters ...... - -. The Army was alerted, and initiated a submarine chase. Pic­ turesof the submarinewere taken by militarypersonn el, but � i S�k SpaQish , have not been released. Submarine nets were placed to block the exits from the i like a C1iplomat !e i narrow waters where the vessel was detected, as the rein­ • • • • forced army and naval forces on the. scene prepared to wait • • for a possibly trapped Soviet submarine either to surfaceor, • I more likely, to attempt a breakout. • • • • The only way for a submerged vessel to reach the Gulf of • • Bothnia from the Baltic Sea, or vice versa, to return to the • • • Baltic Sea, is through the passage between Sweden and the • Wh81 00rtolpeopleneealoleam . 'orelgn handaome library bind.r. Order .'Iller. or • lang_ u quickly and _Iyu __ .... 10'lI0by ordering both: • Finnish Aland islands over 600kilometers further south. As 0 _ I: _Ic. 12 caaaett••• ( 1 7 hr.'. • • =-.J.."::,fII:=='::i�':':.'":; a this narrow passage is strictlyeither Swedish or Finnish ter­ • _Ignad 10 U.S. ,mbaaalea abroad. where 0 =::::. l� �=:'��35';""".1 • 10 con ..... llu.nlly In (12 hr.'. manual and 814"11. 1.". $120. ritorial waters, relevantforc es wereordered to intensify their • ::ry"!l:"'':..�. • ,...... to .... 8pMleh ju.. (CTresidents add sales tax.) • • Now lh. surveillance of this area, too. Yet despite these moves, no .. _ ...:::....c ....- _,lh • F ....lgn SatvIca In""ule's Programmallc • n • further sign of the sub has been detected since its original · To order by mall. clip Ihla ad and sand _ =U.S. c:::.':J; Departmenl�= 01 SI�.::n- al. hu _nl yOUr name and ..... and a check or • sighting. • TIle add ::! • =�do=�'=:'�:,:= =�:'�='8:':�": • • Spanlah al yOUr own con ..nl.nce and al closing card numbar. ""plrallon dol •• • nd • yOU Nuclear mines? • -n!"'" ";':ConoiSIS 01.serl .. 01 cu· �:= ...- _...... • • :U":�:=::�'�':::'''I:'n:��� �"':::��-==�7t.: • Asked for comment on thepurpose of Russian submarine • lIot.nlng and r_l,ng. By IIIe .nd oIlha Ih. la ....' .... , .... mool polnleao way 10 • mlng and ak g n n S r und incursions into Swedish waters, an experienced Britishoffi­ _ lpo 'n a · ! ot • • :=rro:.=�:: : ::: ,:�:�no� d. ':'g '';'I':� • 1IIIa____ ,...,., 1'JJ"'cou .... ,n 46 oth.r langu_ alao • cer said that Sweden-whose neutral government is signal­ _ a .--...... IM.'· Wllh "" unlqu. a.allable. Wril. lor Iraa • • ·_rammalle" I_mlng mothod. yOU s.. calalog. Our 1 5th ing political softness toward Moscow-is an ideal training lng • yOUr own paca-t"'ingyouraaR. corracI ..",," • Audio·Forum groundfor submarinecrews assigned to placing nuclear • ����-.:;c.,"a�:s�.. . • mines _ In two volume•• Rch .hlpped in a Ii • :::""". -t' lI• in enemy ports and defense facilities. The mines could then , .�. �t:t3�.,:a7 :::--"'" • be activated by long-wave radio control. •• •••••••••••••••••••••••• In the event of Swedish detection of such activity, the

EIR July 17, 1987 International 43 Kremlin is cynically counting on the Social Democratic gov­ their own needs to formulate juridically waterproof diplo­ ernment's softness and isolation from the West to prevent matic notes to foreign powers, where plain language about any response beyond cautious diplomatic posturing, as the how many incursions have occurred in which location was Stockholm regime prizes its "good-neighborly relations" with replaced by gobbledygook regarding "possible, likely, or Moscow higher than anything else. The very threat of such probable foreign underwater activity." nuclear mines might even, perversely, reinvigorate the Social In the Hors Bay incident, Hansson said, success was Democratic appeasers' calls for a Baltic nuclear-free zone, a nearer than ever: "One of the mine explosions probably dam­ favorite "arms-control" game played by Moscow, the only aged one of the vessels. Had we been able to follow through Baltic nuclear power. that deployment, we might have succeeded." Hansson didn't While this British estimation may seem harsh, it is coldly mention that the 1982 incident, in which one sub was trapped realistic. Already in 1975, a Soviet Navy captain and engi­ in coastal waters, occurred just as power was transferred from neer named Y. Belyakov had written an article published in the non-Socialist government back to Palme; according to a Russian magazine, titled, "Mini Submarines Are Coming sources, after a hair-raising meeting with incoming Soviet Back," in which he outlined how small vessels, difficult to ambassador Boris Pankin, Palme intervened at a critical mo­ detect in shallow waters , can be deployed to land sabotage ment to revoke the permission to fire, long enough for the teams or place mines in ports and naval facilities. Emphasiz­ trapped submarine to escape. ing the potential surprise effect of such operations, Bely­ Maybe alluding to that in�ance of political interferen�e, akov-12 years ago!-called for developing new technolo­ Hansson next related a 1983 incident, in which a submarine gies and tactics for a number of weapons systems suited to was triply detected-magnetically, by sonar device, and vis­ mini-submarine warfare , including nuclear weapons. ually-as it was passing a line of mines. But the military had no permission to fire. Officers report repeated incursions Although varying salinity, water temperature, and a shal­ The persistence of the Soviet violations of Sweden's ter­ low, rocky sea floor combine to make much of the Baltic ritorial integrity, combined with the false perception of nor­ archipelago "a beautiful place to hide a submarine," in the malcy transmitted by the Swedish government and supreme words of a retired U.S. admiral familiar with the Hors Bay military command, has spurred a revival of the Swedish incident, Hansson's statement accurately indicates the great­ officers' revolt, originally launched afterthe 1985 reelection er problem to be the politicll-I constraints forced upon the of Olof Palme as prime minister. military commanders in charge of chasing the sub. Those "We have to assume that 10 submarines, conventional political constraints include i�adequate funds to procure the ones and mini-subs, intrude into Swedish coastal waters every technology required for defeating intruding submarines, and day during the ice-free season," Maj . Bill Noren told the also include an explicit intention to "avoid hurting the sub," Social Democratic daily Arbetet on June 21. Noren is the but merely bring it to the surf�ce. chief of intelligence and security of the Stockholm Coastal Exemplary are the words of the former commander-in­ Artillery, and his statements were not appreciated by the chief of the northern Norwegian forces, Lt. Gen. Tonne Defense Staff. Reached for comment, Noren told other press, Huitfeldt, who called in November 1985 for Norway to he would not say anything. "I have been ordered to refer all sharpen its rules of engagement against unidentified subma­ questions to the Defense Staff. They say the right things." rines in Norwegian waters, and liftthe restrictions on the use But the ball had already started rolling. Noren's former of homing torpedoes. The present rules make it impossible boss, Col. (ret.) Lars Hansson, 1982-85 chief of the Stock­ to force a submarine to the surface, and civilians cannot holm Coastal Artillery, stated in SvenskaDagbladet of June understand why submarine chases never seem to succeed, 28, "I'm pleased to see somebody finallystand up and speak the NATO commander pointed out. in a clear language." Hansson, who still has security assign­ In a June 30 interview in Dagens Nyheter. Stockholm's ments on behalf of the Swedish Defense Staff, said that his Colonel Hansson stated that "information is most important personal experience is that if 100submarine incursions were now regarding the great number of submarine incursions. reported as certain to the Defense Staff by the Stockholm There are many ofus who fearthat they are being hushed up, Coastal Artillery, only 5 would be reported to the public! that we are getting used to the way things are now, and that "The commander-in-chief has failed in his task and role the information is getting so meaningless that we just accept when the extent of incursions has not been made adequately it. " clear," Hansson charged. He singled out former Defense Hansson stressed that the purpose of the incursions is Staff chief, Vice Adm. Bror Stefenson, for "introducing a "militarypreparations for war," and that "they" want to map mandarin language such that the Swedish people do not get out defense installations "to see where to land saboteurs the an idea of thereal extent of incursions." day before an attack, which is to be followed by a surprise After the 1982 Hors Bay incident, Hansson said, the attack." Said Hansson, "Today we have a very low profile. I politicians introduced a new vocabulary, in agreement with think that should be changed."

44 International EIR July 17, 1987 Barbie deserves a new trial-for narcotics trafficking. France Jacques Verges is himself a case study in the Nazi-com­ munist alliance. A longstanding associate of Swiss Nazi banker Fran�ois Genoud, who has intelligence ties to both the East German State Security Service and to the Iranian secret service, the Savama, Verges joined Genoud in defend­ ing Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine assassins at Winterthur in 1969. The two are said to have met long before, during the Algerian War, when Verges was a militant Com­ munist fighting alongside the Algerilln National Liberation Klaus Barbie verdict Front, while Genoud was their banker. More recently, Genoud was said to have been behind the vindicates Resistance fake "Hitler Diaries" that surfaced in Stern magazine.

by Philip S. Golub Communist effort to exploit case For France the outcome of the trial has had great impor­ tance: The French anti-Nazi Resistance, after years of disin­ In the early hours of July 3, Nazi Gestapo chief Klaus Barbie formation, insinuation, and slander from both communist was condemned to life imprisonment for wartime crimes and fascist circles, emerged unscathed, indeed victorious. against humanity, including the mass deportations of Jewish From 1945 on, the Communist Party ofFrance , the Soviet children to the concentration camps, by thejurors hearing the propaganda and disinformation machine, and some of their case in the Appeals Court of Lyon, France. While this de­ fellow-travelers, have ruthlessly soughtto rewrite the history nouement was widely expected, the conduct of defense law­ of the Resistance and the war, oftentimes using ex-Nazis yer Jacques "Mansour" Verges had raised doubts in the early converted to a new totalitarian cause to accredit their case. phases of the trial, doubts which were dispelled by the unan­ Erased from memory and books are the dark years of imous verdict of the jury. toleration of the Nazi presence in France by the Stalinist Verges's repeated threats to disgrace the French Resis­ leadership of the Communist Party during the Hitler-Stalin tance in late May and June revealed themselves as empty Pact or the covert operations run by networks of the NKVD diatribes. Had Verges, who has never refrained from outra­ (the Soviet secret police under Stalin) against the non-Com­ geous denunciation, had access to any compromising mate­ munist Resistance during the entire war. It is necessary to rial, he would have made it public then and there. He did not. recall Gen. Charles de Gaulle's bitter and finally successful Instead, he and his associated Algerian and Congolese struggle to avoid an armed Communist seizure of power in lawyers limited themselves to irrelevant-and pathetic­ France at the end of the war to understand the political im­ comparisons designed to relatively diminish the Nazi crimes. portance of the debate. While France, Israel, and the United States were successively The non-Communist Resistance became the backbone cited in this regard, Verges and his associates failed to men­ and the primary force of the Gaullist state in the postwar tion the crimes of governments close to their ideological period. The insinuations, slanders, and attacks against it were persuasion-the Soviet Union in Afghanistan for example, and are, therefore , attacks against the very institutions of or the unspeakable genocide of nearly half of the Khmer France. peopleat the hands of Pol Pot, an old acquaintance of Verges. NKVD treason and the Moulin case Needed: trial for drug trafficking This is the contemporary issue of the trial of Klaus Barbie Attorney Verges's client, twice condemned to death in and the background to the unanswered questions still hover­ absentia in the 1950s for war crimes whose statute of limita­ ing over the case of de Gaulle's special envoy, Jean Moulin, tions has now passed, had never altered his "convictions," sent to France in 1943 to unify the Resistance movements of becoming a top drug dealer in Bolivia, where he continued the interior, who was captured, tortured, and killed by Klaus the killing business. Barbie. While it is firmly established that his capture at Cal­ This side of Barbie's postwar activity deserves greater uire and subsequent death resulted from treason, the source scrutiny than it has received. It is a microcosm of the inter­ of the treason has never fully been established. For decades, national drug networks, combining elements of the Nazi In­ the Communists have argued that the betrayal was run by ternational (it is no accident that Colombian cocaine kingpin Resistance organizations affiliated with the U. S. Office of Carlos Lehder is an avowed admirer of Adolf Hitler), the Strategic Services (aSS). In reality" unpublished evidence mafia and , since 1967 , the intelligence services of the War­ points to the NKVD, and not the ass or the Gaullists as the saw Pact countries, including the Cuban DGI. In that sense, Communists claim.

EIR July 17, 1987 International 45 Evidence was provided by an ex-Communist Resistance ,------�, fighter and historian who left the party in disgust after the \ war, Guy Serbat, of Soviet wartime intelligence betrayal of • Sp; o,d ng ::::: ��:: t munist Party claims was not a Communist sympathizer, was I ���::" :: :: ;: ��� I olume I Introduction to with the same materials used by the U.S 0 V . Programmed German. 1 0 (13 hr.). and 647· sent in by de Gaulle precisely to put a leash on the Commu­ I State Department-the Foreign Service cassettes I Programmed Introdu tion to p text Institute's c . . $'35 nists prior to the great Allied offensives of 1944 . Serbat German. 0 Volume II. Basic Course Continued. 8 es (8 , and 1 7 9-p. text, $ 20 The FSI spent thousands of dollars and cassett hr.) 1 I himself, in an interview with the daily Liberation, hinted that I many years developmg these materials for leT reSidents add �ales taK ) use by members of the United States dlplo· much of the NKVD activities against the Resistance has yet I mafic corps. Today people 10 all walks of life To order by mall, clip thiS ad and send With I • who need to learn to speak a foreign your name and address, and a check or to be made public. language are turnlng to thiS outstanding (r\oney order-or charge to your credit card audio program . fVtSA, MasterCard, AmEx, Diners) by enclos- I The FSl's German Course IS by far the Ing card number, expiration date, and your Serbat's testimony added special weight to the testimony I most effective way to learn German at your Signature I own convenience and pace. It consists of a The Foreign Service Inst;w:ute's German of Jacques Chaban-Delmas, president ofthe National Assem­ senes of cassettes, recorded by native Ger- Course is unconditionafty guaranteed. Try I man speakers, and accompanying textbook . it for three weeks. If you·re not convinced I bly and leader of the Resistance, and of Mme. Marie-Made­ You Simply follow the spoken and wntten Ifs the fastest, easiest. most painless way to I mstructlons, listen 109 and learning. By the learn German, return It and we·11 refund every I• leine Fourcade , president of the Action Committee for the end of the course you'll fmd yourself learn 109 penny you paid. Order today· and speaking entirely 10 Germani 130 courses 10 46 other languaQes (1150 Resistance (CAR), who both argued that enemy infiltration, • This COWMcau.tte twnIyow plav- mo available Write us for free "teaching machine." With Its unique catalog Our 1 5th year (,lrTll.ttl I U e I and in some cases the breakdown of individuals under tor­ • 8 y �o��ect�n Au�io-Forum �i:�"�3 :���� � Su 1te P-G235 ��erro�����rs , reIOforcmg�:��' accurate responses " On Th I ture-how could it be otherwise?-were the sources of the ••r •• n, ..... ' !!!!!IiooII �"'I!"!IdI �' Guillord, CT 06437 ...... �� eo. � .....,. .. (203)453-9794 few, though highly damaging, cases of treason in the Resis­ F, tance. Mme. Fourcade cited in particular the case of Nazi �------.. infiltrationof Resistance intelligence organizations to explain cases of this nature. Historians and intelligence experts in France point out that the strident declarations of ex-French intelligence head The Roots of the Alexandre de Marenches last year, pointing to an allegedly extremely compromising 10 tons of Abwehr and Gestapo Western Alliance documents captured by the French in 1945 , were groundless. New edition of All of the key individuals who have seen these documents translations of writ­ and papers, including all heads of French intelligence prior ings by the great to de Marenches, have contradicted him. The files that were German classical "useful" were used in the immediate postwar period and kept; poet and friend of the rest, the so-called 10 tons, were the daily mill of Nazi the American Revo­ activities and nothing close to what de Marenches claimed. lution. Includes the drama "Don Carlos," More should have come out the novel "The Unquestionably, more could have been said at the trial. Ghost Seer, " and the The important testimony of historian Guy Serbat should have poems, "The Cranes of Ibycus," "The been expanded, bringing to the surface the role of Stalin's NKVD; the constraints imposed by the court on the contents Favor of the Moment," and "The Maid of testimony were too restrictive in the view of most prose­ of Orleans," as well as several philo­ cution witnesses. sophical essays. 458 pages. The internationalpress failed to cover one of the strongest Order From: statements ofthe entire trial, in which Mrs. Fourcade stressed Ben Franklin Booksellers, Inc. that the Resistance was not testifying in a spirit of hate, but 27 22075. rather with recognition of the existence of the German resis­ South King St., Leesburg, Va . tance in mind. This plea for a common struggle against total­ Price itarianism should have been better heard. $9.95 (Add $1 .50 shipping for first book, $.50 for each additional book.) 46 International Report from Bonn by RainerApel

Gorbachov cracks the whip arate German states. He added the de­ President von Weizsiickerpuckered up to kiss the derrieres 0/ the mand that "some people in Bonn bid certaincomplexes and political myths Kremlin leaders, and received a kick in the/ace. a finalfarew ell." "Maybe 100 years from now," Gorbachov said, "history will decide West Germany's President Rich­ for an end to "thinking in military and on Germany, but whoever dares to in­ ard von Weizsacker and Foreign Min­ political blocs," recommending that terfere with this process of history, ister Hans-Dietrich Genscher arrived "the spiritof cooperation" should rule will face grave consequences. " in Moscow July 6, to open up what future German-Soviet relations. Despite everything, Weizsacker they called "a new chapter in the book He spoke hopefully of a chance for tried to maintain a facade of harmony of German-Soviet relations." But the German reunification, and concluded and optimism, when he told the press delegation's groveling before the So­ his speech with formulations bor­ on July 8 that his second encounter viet leaders had the same result as Ne­ rowed directly from Gorbachov: with Gromyko that same morninghad ville Chamberlain's appeasement of "There is one common European cul­ been "open and friendly." He admit­ Hitler: The Kremlin demanded that the ture between the Atlantic and the ted to press questions, though: "It is West Germans crawl even lower, de­ Urals .... That which divides us, not that easy here, to discuss it." base themselves still further. shall perish, that which is common to Again, Pravda leaked the story While Mikhail Gorbachov did not us, shall grow." about this second meeting, which had take the trouble to attend the ceremon­ But where was Gorbachov? Was ended with Gromyko handing over to ial banquet for Weizsacker, Soviet it simply' "scheduling problems" that the German a list of the "15 most­ President Andrei Gromyko accused the kept him away, as the German dele­ wanted war criminals," mainly Ger­ Federal Republic of harboring war gation was told? Hardly, as shown by mans, which the Kremlin wants deliv­ criminals, and handed the astonished the fact that Pravda did not print key ered over to the Soviet "j ustice" sys­ German President a list of 15 names sections of Weizsacker's speech the tem-just as the Estonian-born Karl of people to be "extradited" to the next day. Linnas was given to them by the United U.S.S.R. And on July 9, when Gorbachov States. Linnas, a naturalized Ameri­ The Soviet behavior was "totally finally received Weizsacker and can citizen, had been tried in absentia unexpected," according to press re­ Genscher, who wanted to discuss the in a Soviet court, and found gUilty of ports here. Just days before the Ger­ question of German reunification as a war crimes; his citizenship was re­ man delegation's arrival, Soviet me­ prominent item, he took the Germans voked on Moscow's demand by the dia had signaled "high esteem" for on most rudely. U.S. Justice Department, and he was Weizsacker, whose visit they charac­ It was not through the German del­ sent to the Soviet Union to face a firing terized as "of the highest importance egation, but through Pravda, that the squad. Instead, he died in a Soviet for opening a new chapter in German­ public was informed what happened prisonhospital early in July. Soviet relations." during this stormy session. Gorba­ Gromyko's statement on the affair Soviet media had praised Weiz­ chov said that the debate on "the so­ was later handed out by the official sacker's speech of May 8, 1985 in called question of German reunifica­ Spviet news agency TASS on July 9, Bonn, which paid tribute to the "com­ tion" raised doubts in Moscow, while there was still not one word on munist resistance against Hitler," and whetherthe Bonn govemment was still it from the Gennan delegation. Ac­ noted favorably his advice in a speech loyal to the postwar treaties with Mos­ cording to TASS, Gromyko had even to German Army commanders on June cow. Nobody in Bonn, he warned, charged the Bonn government with 3, 1987, to "live without the image of should "pretend that Yalta and Pots­ "helping these prominent war-crimi­ an enemy." dam are not lawful, and that there are nals escape trial." When Weizsacker came to Mos­ still open questions on Germany." Thereis a saying here, that smear­ cow, he acted according to the Soviet Blaming "Churchill and the Ameri­ ing honey on a bear's tongue will only propaganda profile. At the dinner giv­ cans" for the postwar partitionof Ger­ increase his appetite. That's certainly en for him by Gromyko at the Kremlin many, Gorbachov said that "history" true of Russian bears, as the German July 6, the German President called had decided there should be two sep- delegation was forced to notice.

EIR July 17, 1987 International 47 The high price of 'politics as usual': Signs of social crisis erupt ip. India by Susan Maitra andRamtanu Maitra

Since the beginning of the year, one controversy after another It has been mostly impossible to discernbehind the stage­ has dominated the political arena in India. Opposition lead­ actors just who was doing what to whom at any given time. ers, with little credibility and even less grassroots support, The essential dynamics of tqe show have a strong root in floated scheme after scheme to pressure the government, and factional battles within the ruling Congress (I) itself, with rumors of drastic political upheavals were the order of the political power plays centering on Rajiv Gandhi's ability to day . The important February-May "budget session" of Par­ consolidate control over a party hobbled by corruption and liament, like the administration itself, was virtually para­ competing fiefdoms. At the centenary of the Congress Party lyzed by the relentless swirl of scandals. in December 1985 Gandhi had thrown down the gauntlet to Though on one level the drama has its own logic and the barons and powerbrokers , :vowing to break their hold over implications, there is little doubt that the greatest impact has the party machinery and breathe fresh life into the limping been to systematically divert the attention of the government, hulk of what once led the freddom struggle. the Parliament, and the country from the real issues and Panicked, powerbrokers of greater and lesser stripe rushed problems confronting the nation. The price is apparent in the into battle, picking up any Potential weapon at hand. The recent eruption of communal carnage on an unprecedented opposition salivated. It was a; seller's market for the masters scale in north India (see EIR , Vol. 14No. 25, June 19, 1987), of intrigue, domestic and foreign alike. Hence the series of the renewal of terrorism and separatist agitation in Punjab scandals, both real and imagiQed, which broke firstwith leaks and the Northeast, and the steady intrusion of the drug men­ of Finance Ministry investigations under way into illegal ace India. foreign exchange dealing and the simultaneous eruption into There have been more incidents of communal violence in public view of President Gianli Zail Singh's gripes against the the firsthalf of 1987 than in all of 1986. The elected govern­ prime minister. A bid by an ambitious but frustrated Zail ment of Punjab was removed and President's Rule imposed Singh to dismiss the government has been the persisting once again, while the Ghorkhaland movement threatens to operative fantasy of the oppo�ition and its fellow schemers . resort to arms in West Bengal, dragging Sikkim into the In rapid-fire succession dime: tangle to boot. Continuing massive seizures of heroin reflect • The "Fairfax affair," me scandal surrounding Finance the hold Dope, Inc. is gaining. The price has been paid in a Ministry retention of the Virginia-based company, The Fair­ different way in the state of Haryana, where the ruling Con­ fax Group, headed by former AID official and Watergate gress (I) was decisively routed in the important June 17 state investigator Michael Herschman, to investigate illegal eco­ assembly elections. nomic activity by certain Indian individuals and companies; Underneath is a failure of leadership. The constructive • Revelations of kickba¢ks on a West German subma­ economic-programmatic plans of the Rajiv Gandhi govern­ rine deal, and Defense Minister V.P. Singh's departure from ment, the focus of so much of India's hopes for the future , the cabinet (hounded out by Congress men who charged he have been buried. Though it was necessary to politicize this was party to a foreign-author�d destabilization of the govern­ thrust, since a breakthrough economically is a key to many ment; of the less tractable social issues, Rajiv Gandhi deferred. The • The "Bofors scandal," ,surfaced and insistently kept on communal and other underlying points of potential upheaveal center stage by the pro-disarmament Swedish Radio, who were similarly ignored, or dealt with bureaucratically. The charged that the arms deal of the century, a $4 billion sale of primeminister 's vaunted pragmatism allowed himto beboxed 155 mm howitzers to India, channeled some $50 million in into a fire-fighting mode that gives him no chance of master­ kickbacks into secret Swiss accounts of top government and ing the country's real problems, even if he wants to. Congress Party officials. Slowly but surely, amidst the Delhi fireworks of the last Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and his government were six months "politics as usual" has won the day, and in the thrown onto the defensive. Before they could respond to one context of the byzantine political process that prevails in India scandalous charge, another would pop up. The government it is a prescription for disaster. was inexplicably silent or evasive, which only helped to fuel

48 International EIR July 17, 1987 the chaos. Brawls between Congress members broke out, fe aturing scathing attacks by party members on colleagues in the cabinet, notably V.P. Singh. Congress reverses in three important state elections during March-in spite of Rajiv CHINA Gandhi's personal campaigning-contributed to the disin­ tegration. Now, six months and a Congress Party mobilization against the "foreign hand" later, much of the dust has settled. Of the scandals, the menacing potential of Bofors is still intact. Having at first denied the existence of any commis­ sions in the deal , the governmenthas now called for a parlia­ mentary inquiry into the affair and promised swift punish­ ment to any and all culprits, regardless of their position or influence. The Swedish governmentofficially confirmedthe existence of substantial "winding up" payments in connec­ tion with the gun deal, but claimed that Bofors withheld pertinent details as to the recipients' identities. As far as Fairfax is concerned, the government officially terminated the relationship it first maintained didn't exist, and the matter is all but forgotten. A judicial inquiry into the propriety of having hired Fairfax is under way. Another closed-door in­ vestigation is under way in the Defense Ministry on the West German submarine deal. Though Rajiv Gandhi has given convincing evidence of having bent over backwards to accommodate the petulant party barons and their diverse lobbies, the Haryana elections While the Sikhs in Punjab had associated Sikhism confirm theparty 's continued infirmity. From the standpoint freely with politics, Hindus, in , had not done like- of India's welfare and progress, what stands out is the failure wise. Fragmented by its caste and pantheon full of of leadership at a time when an accumulation of old prob­ gods and goddesses with varied in differentparts lems-religious fundamentalism and regionalism-and of of the country, Hinduism remained from political newer ones, like terrorism and drug trafficking, threaten to power. Hindus, at least many of were economically shatter the world's largest democracy. These problems are much better off than the Muslims or S . Many of the Sikhs intimately related to the snail's-pace economic growth and were victims of the 1947 partition of Moreover, they cycle of waste and corruption that have yet to be broken. (See are not traders by and large, and are mostly interested in EIR , Vol. 14, No. 20, May 15, 1987.) agriculturaland manufacturing This left the Hindu banias (traders) free of competition, in Punjab. There Fundamentalism on the rise was no reason for the Hindus to be over the growing During the last decade, religious movements in India prosperity of the Sikhs, as they enjoyed the riches have taken a more militant shape . With the partition of Pak­ created by the Sikh farmers and ll"'lllUl�" istan from India following British-orchestrated bloodbaths Such, however, has not been the between the Hindus and Muslims, formation of an Islamic Muslims live together, mostly in the Republic in Pakistan created a source of potential hostility this area, Muslims tend to be artisans ' between the two major religious groups in India-the Hindu and cottage industries, working for majority and the 120-million-strong Muslim minority. The the post-partition days, and, in Punjab problem, which began with economic demands and the government's efforts to alleviate ""','PM,., among under­ greater autonomy by the Sikh population who marginally privilegedgroups raised the Muslims' �c()n()mlC power mar- dominated the state , threw up obscurantist leaders such as ginally-just enough to elevate the artisans to small Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale. From that point onward , manufacturers, hiring other Muslim to do the job. Punjab's demand turned into Sikh demands, and confronta­ This created a direct economic with the Hindu tion became the mode of expression. Over the last four years , entrepreneurs which has been the "al'1<>�;IVl this confrontational posture has given rise to secessionism, riots in India. Facing economic ('{)mrlPtiti martyrdom for the Sikhs, and an escalating series of irrational to look to communal organizations for \)f()telctIC)n. demands. The rise of Hindu militants is a

EIR July 17, 1987 International 49 Hindus would not admit even today that Hindu fundamental­ well as various Muslim and Christian organizations, the op­ ism exists. Complex sociological analysis is often cited to portunity to become active and vocal. In the recent period, argue that Hindu militancy cannot exist because the Hindus two events in particular have added to the Hindu fundamen­ are a non-homogeneous group and too diversifiedto form a talists' strength and visibility. coherent militant organization. This is not true . Militant Hin­ The first is the ongoing turmoil in Punjab. Terrorists in du organizations are cropping up every day, in more and Punjab, in their attempt to make it a communal issue, targeted more parts of India. The number of districts affected by the Hindus as well as the secular-minded Sikhs in the state. communal violence has grown from 61 in 1961 to 216 in The reaction was predictable: Attacks against the Hindus 1979. Now, according to one estimate, more than 259 out of were played up, and the RSS took the opportunity to organize the total 350 districts in the country are affected by communal the disgruntled Hindus as militias. tensions. Public meetings organized by Hindu religious groups One of the RSS' s mass . organizing arms, the Vishwa calling for the establishment of a Hindu Rashtra (Hindu na­ Hindu Parishad, which was formed in 1964 , became very tion) are drawing mammoth crowds. active forming new militant fronts in the early 1980s. Front The mother of many of the militant Hindu groups is the organizations such as Virat Hindu Samaj, Hindu Samajotsav, Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangha (RSS), formally founded Bajrang Dal, Youth Volunteer Corps, Hindu Shiv Sena, Hin­ in 1943 by a Maharashtrian Brahmin, Hedgewar. The intel­ du Shiv Shakti Dal, and others have since been formed. The lectual mooring behind the formation of the RSS goes back Hindu Shiv Sena in Punjab, now four years old, claims to another two decades when another Maharashtrian Brahmin, have baptized more than 80,000. In Uttar Pradesh, in towns V.S. Savarkar, published two books: Hinduatva (Who Is a like Meerut, Khatauli, Sambhal, and Moradabad-the Mus­ Hindu?) and Hindu Pad Padasahi (Hindu Nation). lim heartland of the state, and the scene of the recent bloody Although the RSS has been in existence for more than rioting-units of Akhil Bharatiya Shiv Shakti Dal have been four decades, only in the last 10 years has it succeeded in formed. Activists wear saffron caps and sashes, and carry making inroads into broader parts of India. According to plastic-covered trishuls, or tridents, the symbol of Shiva's available reports, there are about 20,000 shakhas (branches) ruling power. The group claims more than 50,000 adherents. spread all over India. If the sub-branches are added, the Every morning in the older part of Delhi, according to number would exceed 40 ,000. In Uttar Pradesh alone, the press reports, these militants hold their parade and at the end RSS has 5,000 branches, and in Delhi there are 50 large of a ritualistic ceremony hand out tridents to the "baptized" branches. RSS swayamsevaks (volunteers) are trained phys­ ones. There have been reports that these tiny tridents have ically every day at these shakhas. According to one estimate, been used against local Sikhs and Muslims during the skir­ the RSS has more than 1 million such volunteers. Hard-core mishes between the religious groups which have continued RSS members who work full-time for the organization would intermittently, at the least provocation, since the bloody riots number 3,000. Besides Uttar Pradesh, the RSS has a strong that followed Mrs. Gandhi's assassination in October 1984. presence in: Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, West Bengal, The second event which boosted the Hindu communal­ Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Kamataka, and ists' movement is the controversy over Ram Janabhoomi , or Haryana. In Assam, the RSS is running main branches at 300 "Ram's Birthplace," in Ayodhya, near Lucknow in Uttar places scattered over the state, and has now decided to con­ Pradesh. According to some' Hindus, Rama, the god-incar­ centrate more in the northeastern states, particularly Naga­ nate in the Hindu epic, the Ramayana, was bornin Ayodhya. land. Hindus have long been claiming that centuries back the Mus­ From its inception, the RSS was a well-knit organization. lims created a mosque, the Habri Masjid, where the holy Education, medical service, and developmental work have Rama was born. That mosque still exists and is in use. The been the thrust areas. In electoral politics, the RSS's political controversy was taken to court for settlement in the late arm was the Bharatiya Jan Sangh in 1950. "Jan Sangh" be­ 194Os, when an idol of Lord Rama was discovered in an inner came a potent force in north India, but was contained mainly chamber of the building and Hindus demanded possession of there. In 1977, in the wake of formation of the Janata Party that portion of the shrine. Precisely because of its inflamma­ which defeated Congress (I) and unseated Mrs. Indira Gan­ tory potential , the court shelved the issue, and that section of dhi, the Jan Sangh merged with the opposition. In 1980 it the building has been under 'government lock and key ever reemerged in the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the political since. Suddenly, two years ago, a district judge in Uttar front of the RSS. Pradesh decided to open the templedoors . The decision created a mass upsurge of Hindu fundamen­ Two catalytic events talists in the area and a great deal of animosity within the Although the RSS has participated in the democratic pro­ Muslim community. Fundamentalists from both camps added cess over the years, its main activity is to organize militant fuel to the fire, resulting in Hindu-Muslim riots in at least 45 Hindus to demand Hindu Rashtra. Over the years, inept towns in Uttar Pradesh-home for 25% of India's Muslim handing of political crises and conspicuous use of communal population. A Hindu "action committee" is demanding pos­ factions for electoral advantage have provided the RSS, as session of the entire building. Recently, a meeting of 200,00 0

50 International EIR July 17, 1987 Drug plague out of control

In early May , according to press reports, the N��ot�cs Contr?l Board�J:ndia's eq uivaleqtof the U "�S O Di\ig�nt forcemen t {}dmintstru:tio n-launCbcll an operati on· against, jUe gaio pium p(Jppy cultivatorsjn th e hills of northwestern Uttar Pradesh state. Pred ictably tb e operati0!l put' into sOQ'le poli tical tro uble, but it was the first opera�o. p of.i tt ·", ki nd and , marks , the beginn�ng of the en? for th e of� cial myth that India has only a "tr�sit".. problem withdr).l gs" Ind ia's location15etween the Golden Triangle 4uKI the Golden Crescent, with open ·jnte11l ational air faciIiti�s> made it an ideal cpo ice for Dop e, Ioc; operations.Bpt tKat was just, the beginning , in 19&2�83 , of what h�s \bec om�' a maj or d01ll;estic problem with faNea"Cbiti deadl y conseqdences. It was the British who established the legal opt productiQn induStry which the (ll dian government has maintained to thjs day. But thew oad market for medicinal opitqn products ha s sagged and the government i� !l0� saddled with seyeral thousand torrs of taw opium ;stocki.. pi les just waiting to be leake d into the pri vate q;arke t. · Contract cultivati9n has become virtually iroposslble JO; control . under cOl1d�ons where traffickers offer; a�, mu ch' as JO times th e g?v'ernroent's pri¢efor 9pium . Ll" I!,C k1;i1\:iL " SF tha� it is .nolonge r a question ofHicensed si� . phoning off a little excess pro duction , but rath er the t>Fo - liferation of wholly ilJegal poppy growing operations is itself an,lndicator of tpe strepgthof the marke t. ,', . More �an tw oyears ago, pol ice raids in both Bo(pba and the interior of the. country, in Madhya Pradesh s� te" revealed that sophistica ted heroin-refining ope ratiQn& were in place within the country. The free av ailabili� of the crucial chemicals and process skills fo r bero in 'reJruung ; would not haVe( b�n overlOQked qY�.the astute o{Q.ope,lnc.13�t'what has conviti£ed In�ian the drug problem is serious is the fact that QurS t out of the confines of jet-set recreatio n to involve bro�d layers of the pop ulation. ' B.V. Ku mar, .director general o1the.N:CB, Ind ia's addic t P9PUlation at mo�thanha lf a les� the present trend is halt�j' iLwas pointeO at . anti�drugme eting inPu njab recently. that figure wipt. reactt the turn century. 15 million by of the p Despite a sweeping :reform of the pre vi OllS�Y lax cbtics contro l legis lation in ;}985 ,<�d eStablilsh!l.1e(!l

EIR July 17, 1987 International 51 was held in Ayodhya, presided over by Vijay Raje Scindia, tution, provoked demonstrations by the Muslim fundamen­ a BJP leader and the queen-ruler of Gwalior, who called on talists in various towns oflndia. The rallying cry was: "Shar­ Hindus to shed their last drop of blood to protect Lord Rama' s iat bachas!" ("Save the Islamic edicts!"). The judgment, the birthplace. mullahs claimed, was against the Shariat and an infringement The seeds of the erupting violence were laid by the Hindu of Muslim personal law , and must be scrapped. militants. In 1984, the Vishwa Hindu Parishad launched a The elite Muslims, isolated from the slogan-chanting fun­ chariot: Inside the chariot was the idol of Rama in a padlocked damentalists, supported the court judgment. But within two cage. For almost three years now this chariot has been criss­ months, the administration introduced the Muslim Women crossing the nation, stoking the firesand enlisting fundamen­ (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Bill, 1986, negating the talist cadres. VHF has also set up a Dharmik Asthan Raksha crux of that judgment. The bill proposed the maintenance of or Holy Place Protection Committee, which argues that Hin­ Muslim divorcees who are unable to maintain themselves by du holy places in Ayodhya, Mathura, and Varanasi, and more relatives, or the state Wakf Boards, the local Muslim social than 100 other places, should be liberated and given back to welfare agencies. Afterhectic politicking, the administration the Hindus. Most of these sites, not surprisingly, have rammed the bill through the Parliament. Whether the bill will mosques which are attended by a large number of Muslims. help the divorced Muslim women is a question. What is Although God is the rallying cry, Hindu fundamentalists do certainis that the Muslim fundamentalists wield a consider­ not leave all the action to God. Thousands of RSS volunteers able amount of power, and the elite, progressive Muslims are wearing khaki shorts parade the streets of major towns. a defeated lot. Since many Islamic nations have adopted laws in concertwith the Indian Supreme Courtjudgment , the 1986 Mullahs on the march Bill was not so much a bending to Islamic precepts as a rank If Hindu fundamentalism has become a visible force in capitulation to local obscurantist Muslims out of political the last decade, the Muslims, who make up 20% of India's expediency. population of 800 million-a much larger Muslim popula­ Like the RSS among the Hindus, the Jamaat-e-Islami tion than thatof most Islamicstates-have always been largely among the Muslims have various organizational arms. Dur­ in the control of fundamentalist elements. In 1947, when ing the Hyderabad riots, Majlis-e-Ittihadi Muslimin played a Pakistan was carved out of the subcontinent map, most of the major role . In Maharashtra, a series of riots in Bhiwandi and leading Muslims with a mass base opted for Pakistan. Those Thane, the Ram Janambhoomi incident, and the Muslim who stayed behind were the "enlightened" ones, or, in other Women Bill have given rise to hydra-headed monsters such words, socialists who had opposed the formation of Pakistan as the Tablioche-Zemat, Indian Union Muslim League, Is­ and cast their lot with the ruling Congress Party . Although lamic Students Organization, Thanz-e-Shariat, Rustom-e­ they were men of stature , they were also defeated: They had Zemat, Tuvuk MandaI, and others. In Kerala, where the failed to out-duel the more chauvinist Muslims who claimed Muslims and Hindus have lived peacefully for the last four they needed a homeland since it would be dangerous for the decades, fundamentalists are now active. The Students Is­ Muslim community to be ruled by the Hindus. These "en­ lamic Movement ofIndia (SIMI) based there are Khomeinists lightened" Muslim leaders had less contact with the poor with a Marxist angle. Muslims who still comprise the majority of the community, In Jammu and Kashmir, a state where Muslims are in the and were considered by the poor Muslims as affluent and majority, activities of the Jamaat are out in the open. Jamaat­ "Hindu-ized. " e-Tulaba, the militant youth wing of the Jamaat, has long Thus, with partition, a void was created at the top of the been preaching orthodoxyand obscurantism among the Mus­ Muslim community into which the Hajis and Maulavis-the lim youth. In Delhi, led by the son of the Imam of the Jama religious leaders-promptly stepped. They were for the Masjid, India's main mosque and one of the largest in Asia, "protection" of the Muslims and Islam. The "enlightened" Muslim militants have formed Adam Sena and Ali Sena leaders remained useful politically as they continued to at­ societies. The Ali Sena activists have been reportedly carry­ tract Muslim votes merely because they were Muslims. Even ing six-inch-long daggers in theform of the moon-the sym­ today every political party, Congress or Communist or the bol of Hazrat Ali's hand of strength. In Bombay, Muslim RSS-backed Hindu chauvinists, puts up Muslim candidates leaders of the Mafiaundergro und, noted for their smuggling wherever Muslims are in the majority. skills, have also formed militant gangs. Recently, some of Muslim fundamentalism centers around the mosque and these Mafia dons have surfated as political leaders in Uttar religious leaders . The Muslim fundamentalists were recently Pradesh. given a boost when the administration passed the Muslim According to researchers, the Jamaat is veryclose to both Women's Bill. The bill was the result of a December 1985 Saudi Arabia and the Khomeini regime. It receives money Supreme Court decision granting maintenance to a Muslim from Saudi Arabia, ostensibly for religious purposes. In 1980, woman, who had been divorced by her estranged husband Jamaat-e-Tulaba chief Sheikh Tajmmul Islam had threatened after 43 years of marriage. The judgment, which cited the to launch "an Iran-type of struggle foran Islamic state." aim of a "uniform civil code" enshrined in the Indian consti- Since the Hindus and Muslims are 99% of India's popu-

52 International EIR July 17, 1987 lation, fundamentalist movements among these two groups Bombay, India's most powerful metropolitan center, and arethe predominant danger. However, in Kerala and in Tamil recent reports indicate that the Sena is expanding into outly­ Nadu, and in the northeast of India, there exists a large ing districts of Maharashtra. number of Christians, mostly converted by the missionaries In the east, the hilly terrain makes communication and in the British days, or by the Portuguese. Even this small transportation difficult. Nestled within the Himalayan range, Christian community, which has so far stayed away from local tribes dominate state politics. An exception perhaps is confrontation, has become more active. Revivalism is no­ Assam, where Hindus, Muslims, and various hill tribes live ticeable within their midst. In Kerala, the Kerala Congress together. Still, the regional chauvinism, the determination to Party, long a partner with the ruling parties, is heavily influ­ govern its own destiny free of "outside interference" (from enced by the local Christians. It is in Kerala that the RSS is New Delhi or Bangladeshi migrants) is as dominant in Assam coming into direct confrontation with the Christian church as anywhere else. Bordering Bhutan and Bangladesh, two leaders as the politics of hate is being spread. independent nations, Assam has beeri the scene of some of the most gruesome massacres. Now the peace has returned Regionalist currents to Assam with the advent of a new government under the The fundamentalist wave coincides with, and is in some state-based party, Asom Gana Parishad (AGP). Formed 67 cases intensified by, the intense regionalism that has been days before the 1983 elections, the AGP grabbed power from institutionalized in India. Over the years the Indian states Congress (I) campaigning against the "invasions of foreign­ have been divided up on the basis of languages and other ers into Assam." To ethnic Assamese, the 1983 elections cultural-historic factors . Of the 25 states, only fiveuse Hindi, were a replay of the decisive battle in which the Assamese the "official" language of the nation. The result is the per­ warriorLachit Barplirikanstopped the Mogul invasion on the sistence of a distinct language barrier to national integration. bariks of Brahmaputra. English, a medium which is used only by the elite, is not a From the hills to the coast, regionalism has become a language of the masses. more prominentfeature of the political landscape. Except in The strongest resistance to Hindi comes from the south. the Hindi belt-along the mighty Ganga-where a sort of In the 1960s when the proposal to make Hindi the national monolith exists, other states are becoming increasingly dom­ language was pushed through,violence erupted in many states, inated by local demands and concerns. In certain bordering with Tamil Nadu in the lead. In Tamil Nadu the firstpowe rful states, as in the case of Kamataka and Maharashtra,or Assam regional-chauvinist party , Dravid Munnetra Kazhagam and Nagaland, territorial disputes have given in to violence. (DMK), came to the fore . The party was conceived as an Chauvinists and provocateurs have destroyed peace and san­ opposition to the local Brahmins, but it soon took the shape ity for insignificant gains. If the regional chauvinist currents of a Tamil Party , an alternativeto the national Congress Party often act as a barrier to India's real integration, it is only some then ruling the state . DMK, and the now-ruling AIADMK among them whose identity is rooted in confrontation-with which was formed later and maintains an alliance with the "outsiders," be they citizens of another state, ethnic or lan­ Congress, still today denounce New Delhi's attempts to "im­ guage group, or New Delhi. pose" Hindi on Tamil Nadu as the focus of their political The Shiv Sena in Maharashtra, for instance, has adopted organizing. measures to physically threaten those Who come to Bombay Inthe early 1980s, a movie star, N.T. Rama Rao, launched from other partsof India to seek a living. In the east, a Bengali his Telegu Desam (Land of the Telegu People) in Andhra chauvinist group, masquerading as a political organization, Pradesh. Before Rama Rao had entered the scene, Andhra Amra Bangali, has developed links withthe communal RSS. Pradesh was a Congress stronghold. But weakening of the Amra Bangali has created communal tension in the north­ Congress in the state, due to poor organizational efforts, eastern state of Tripura. In the hilly Darjeeling district of brought in Telegu Desam, a chauvinistic Andhra Party with West Bengal, Nepalis, who dominate the district, have en­ strong caste overtones. gaged in violent activities to push the campaign for what they The rise of regional-chauvinist parties is not confinedto call Gorkhaland-a separate state for the Gorkhas. In Pun­ the South. In Jammu and Kashmir, where the Muslim fun­ jab, the Sikhs' demands for Khalistan resulted in the murder damentalists are well entrenched, the latest election in March of a primeminister. 1987 showed that the combined Muslim United Front (MUP) By itself, the regional focus and emergence of regional has become a recognizable political entity. MUF raised slo­ political parties is not a fundamental threat to the national gans for implementation of Nizam-e-Mustafa , or "law ac­ framework of India, and could be the source of greaterpolit­ cording to the Koran." In the west, in Maharashtra state, the ical and economic dynamism. Many regional parties do have chauvinistic Shiv Sena ("Soldiers of Shivaji," the 17th-cen­ a national outlook, and are willing to work in harmony with tury Marathi ruler) rules the city of Bombay. Formed as a New Delhi. Vigorous leadership to change economic and " Maharashtrian party for uplifting the Maharashtrians' lot in social conditions across the board would tend to transform their state, Shiv Sena soon turned into an anti-Muslim sec­ regional parties into partners in a national enterprise, overrid­ tarian group which rejects non-Maharashtrians. It controls ing the dangerous local chauvinisms that arise by default.

EIR July 17, 1987 International 53 which had made of him a "liymbol figure." The symbol, however, had nothing to do with the reality. Not only was Waldheim "not a Nazi, not an anti-Semite, and not a war criminal ," but he had personally been attacked by the Nazis, in documents written by Nazi authorities, as coming from a family too much involved in "Christian" activities. Molden is now one of three ambassadors-at-Iarge for the Denounce U. S. action Austrian government on the Waldheim case, and has recently been to Scandinavia, Great Britain, and other countries in this capacity. He reported that, while the anti-Waldheim sen­ against Wal dheim timent is strong, and sometimes even fanatical, in Scandi­ navia, Holland, and Belgium, matters are diffe rent in Britain, Speaking before a select group of journalists in Bonn, West where the government privately "is totally on the side of Germany, June 30, Austrian anti-Nazi resistance leader Fritz Waldheim," and where the prevailing belief is that "no one Molden denounced the actions of the United States, in plac­ is guilty, without that guilt being proven. " ing Austrian President Kurt Waldheim on the "watch list" as a Nazi war criminal. Clark in Vienna gives different signal Molden was responding to a question placed by Executive On July 9, there finally came some indication that not Intelligence Review correspondent Mark Burdman, about his everyone around President R¢agan is happy with the U.S. views toward U.S. Justice Department actions, not only Justice Department. At the Alpbacher, Austria U.S.-West against Waldheim, but also German-bornspace scientist Ar­ Europe Dialogue Congress July 9, former National Security thur Rudolph, and others. Adviser William Clark, attending as the personal envoy of Molden speaks with considerable authority; he had been Ronald Reagan, unexpectedly proposed this toast: "I raise the official liaison of the Austrian resistance to American my glass to the well-being of two great Presidents, of two intelligence during World War II. great nations-President Waldheim and President Reagan." He said: "I personally am unhappy with this 'watch list. ' In his opening speech, Clark stressed: "The Austrians and I think we see a weak administration in the United States, their government are today just as warmly received, in the open to a tremendous amount ofpressure . There is anelection hearts of Americans, as they always were." next year in America. Take the case of Robert Dole [Repub­ Before this point, there was only growing tension be­ lican senator from Kansas], a possible candidate for the pres­ tween Austria and the United States over the Waldheim af­ idency. Senator Dole wrote a letter to Attorney General Meese, fair. On July 3, the U.S. Embassy held a reception in Vienna, asking him to put Mr. Waldheim on the 'watch list.' That Austria, to commemorate the U.S. Constitution's 200th letter was released the same afternoon, from the Dole head­ "birthday," to which the Austrian government sent only low­ quarters, and was published in hundreds of newspapers. This level representation. is a clear case of an administration which has gone through According to unimpeachable sources, at least one U.S. the Bitburg affair, and which is too tired to fight. It has lost official at this reception made no secret of the fact that the its majority in the Senate." State Department is not satisfiedwit h Waldheim being on the "Anyway," he stressed, "Austria is a small country . So, "watch list," and is shooting ,for the Austrian President to who cares?" resign. This officialwas quietly pressuring for Austrian inftu­ Following this, Austrian Ambassador to West Germany entials to "keep a low profile and distance yourselves from Dr. Friedrich Bauer pointed to the "psychological feeling in Waldheim." Austria, which has always regarded itself as a valuable mem­ As one Austrian source told EIR , however, "We cannot ber of the Western world, and which had always been at­ do this. What will be the price next year, for buying these tacked mainly from the East, for its aid to refugees from the people's pleasure?" He added: "For Waldheim to resign, East. But now, two-thirds of Austrians are entirely perturbed, would be an extorted admission of guilt not only of Wal­ because they are subjected to attacks from Western friends. dheim, and not only of all Austrians, but of all of German­ This is hard to digest." speaking Central Europe ....He will not resign." Later, he added: "The American action in the Waldheim Immediately before the July 3 reception in Austria, while case violates the juridical tradition and history of all of Eu­ Waldheim was visiting Jordan during the week of June 29, rope, from the northern tip of the United Kingdom, to the the U.S. ambassador refused to attend an official Jordanian southern partof Sicily. We don't understand it." governmentreception held for the Austrian President in Am­ In his general presentation to the press, Fritz Molden had man. EIR has received one report, that King Hussein is seri­ stressed that Waldheim had become the victim of a powerful, ously considering not inviting the U.S. governmentto future and amazingly successful, international media campaign, Jordanian governmentreceptio ns.

54 International EIR July 17, 1987 Dateline Mexico by Hugo L6pez Ochoa

Project Democracy's new party nance of theNew YbrkTimes and other The Nazi-Communist insurgents have received a new boost; media. To this veryday , he insists that every economic woe the country suf­ courtesy of Interior SecretaryBartlett . fers is a result of PresidentL6pez Por­ tillo's decision to develop the oil re­ serves. Castillo is the probable presiden­ tial candidate of the PMS . On June 22, the Nazi-Communist magazine Pro­ On June 26, 1987, barely in time to shares this goal . ceso published an interview with Cas­ permit its participation in the 1988 Under the slogan of "Integral De­ tillo, in which he announced his will­ elections , the Mexican Federal Elec­ mocracy" as the official policy of the ingness to accept a PMS candidacy, tion Commission (CFE) gave official interior ministry, Bartlett helped a se­ but only if the base were willing to registration status to the new Mexican ries of PAN victories in several towns follow him even unto death . Because, Socialist Party (PMS), an umbrella or­ of Chihuahua state , in mid- 1983. That he said, ". am going to risk my life ganization unifying the principal left­ same year, in the November elections . . . they are going to have to kill me ist organizations: the former Com­ in Sinaloa state , the Nazi-Communist if there is any fraud . . . because I am munist Party of Mexico, later called alliance between the PAN and the really crazy , I believe that we can win." the Unified Socialist Party of Mexico PSUM was formally sealed, an alli­ Alvarez, the PAN's president, (PSUM); the Mexican Workers Party ance that became famous under the suffers the same insanity as his "left­ (PMT) of Heberto Castillo; and the initials "PANSUM." ist" colleague. He was actually on the Union of the Socialist Left . The PANSUM's activities peaked verge of starvation when Castillo con­ Manuel Bartlett, interior secre­ in the local Chihuahua elections in vinced him to drop the hunger strike , tary , chairman of the CFE, and him­ mid- 1986, during which the Nazi­ and unify their climpaigns. In early self a presidential aspirant, declared Communist opposition had propagan­ July, Alvarez told media that the PAN that "the government of the Republic da back-up from U.S. networks around presidential candidate "would not is pleased with this fusion." In fact, Sen. Jesse Helms and Assistant Sec­ necessarily have to come out of PAN the CFE burned the midnight oil to retary of State for Inter-American Af­ ranks." push through the paperwork on the new fairs Elliott Abrams-networks later Castillo and Alvarez clearly share party 's registration, since otherwise it identified as the illegal "Project De­ the same fundamentalist fanaticism would have been prohibited from mocracy" running the Iran-Contra required to lead their troops into bloody campaigning in 1988. Why? deals. civil war against the Mexican state . For presidential hopeful Bartlett , With the creation of the PMS , a But all is not 'smooth sailing for the PMS 's entrance onto the electoral faction is now consolidated among the the proteges of Interior Minister Bar­ scene is essential . The ostensible pre­ left-headed by the former PMT's tlett. On July 4, the national press text for the leftist unification was to Heberto Castillo-which has a per­ widely published the denunciations of "displace" the "rightist" National Ac­ fect "understanding" with the PAN. In the Mexican Labor Party (PLM), dis­ tion Party (PAN) as the second-rank­ fact, in August 1986, Castillo made a tributed in the forrn of250,000leaflets ing political force in the country ; the public pact with PAN national chair­ nationwide, agairist the illegitimate PAN has greatly capitalized in recent man Luis H. Alvarez, then mayor of P ANSUM offspring of Bartlett and years on discontent with government Chihuahua city, to launch a joint "na­ "Project Democr�cy." The daily El austerity measures, dictated by the In­ tional crusade for democracy." That Universal reported that the PLM is de­ ternational Monetary Fund. Actually, pact ended a hunger strike that Alvar­ manding that Bartlett resign, and an the leftistunifica tion sets the stage for ez had begun, to protest alleged elec­ investigation be HlUnched into "Bar­ improved coordination among the toral fraud in local elections. tlett's links to Project Democracy, Nazi-Communist (PAN-PMS) oppo­ Castillo jumped to fame several which seeks to destabilize, blackmail, sitions, to force the creation of a par­ years ago thanks to his rabid opposi­ corrupt, and overthrow governments liamentary system to replace the Mex­ tion to Mexico's developing its oil re­ that disagree with the arbitrary and ican presidential system, in place since serves to boost the process of indus­ imperialist policies of the U.S. State the 1910 revolution. Bartlett fully trialization-and thanks to the reso- Department. "

ElK July 17, 1987 International 55 Andean Report by Val erie Rush

Kissinger's 'little wars': a replay de Perij a i� located in the fiercely con­ Tensions along the Venezuelan-Colombian border are but one tested oil-rich territory known as the aspect of CSIS' s scenario fo r chaos in Ibero-America . "Diferendo. " The Colombians, preoccupied with the spiral of violence, growing economic woes, and sudden whispers of a military coup threat in their own country, responded to Grimaldi's charges with a furious denial. The narco-terrorist violence In 1984, Kissinger's Georgetown bushes-had the effectof overturning threatening to engulf the two nations, Center for Strategic and International a carefully crafted ceasefire and truce from from being a "sociological phe­ Studies (CSIS) released a seven-vol­ between the Colombian government nomenon" ltasthe joint sponsorship of ume study commissioned by the U.S. and significant portions of that coun­ rogue elem.ents in the CIA and State Department of the Al1lJ} , entitlt:d try's guerrilla movements, setting the DepartmeQt, as well as of the Soviets " Strategic Requirementl> for the Army stage for virtual clvli war; at the same themselve , leading one to conclude to the Year 2000 ." That study, pur­ time, they triggered a series of accu­ that Kissinge� r's CSIS institute pos­ porting to make recommendations on sations from the Venezuelan side, sesses more than a healthy share of restructuring of the armed service, in against the Colombian government and political prescience. fact describes a scenario for a series of armed forces. The Colombian Church has done "conflicts"that spell chaos, economic When a narco-terrorist commando its best to , try to combat the rapidly collapse, terrorism, and forced popu­ June 12 crossed over fromthe Colom­ degenerating situation by clearly iden­ lation reduction for entire portions of bian border into the Venezuelan "no­ tifying the ,common enemy as "narco­ Thero-America, and especially for the man's-land" of Sierra de Perija, terrorism," and demanding solidarity strategically crucial Andean spine­ slaughtering a sleeping contingent of against th�t evil. A July 5 document from the Panama Canal down to Peru . National Guardsmen deployed against issued by the Episcopal Assembly in Says the report, "The internal sit­ coca and marijuana fields in the area, Bogota described Colombia as near­ uation in a number of Andean states Venezuelan Defense Minister Gri­ ing "total war" due to the accelerating will resemble the current turmoil in maldi went before the national Con­ violence, andwamed that "since forces Central American countries ....[In gress to charge, "There is no political of evil see� to complement each other, Colombia] the volatile situation will will in colombia to fight the drugtrade . those up iq arms have allied with the erupt into a medium-intensity civil war A marked negligence on the part of drug traffickers to mutually help toward the end of this decade." That the Colombian Army along the border themselves. The former contribute civil war, says the report, will threaten is notable." dirty drug ,money to provide arms to the Venezuelan oil fields, and possi­ Grimaldi went even further, de­ the criminals, and the latter lend their bly also the Panama Canal. claring that Colombian troops had strategic support to protect the drug In fact, the upsurge in narco-ter­ "harassed" the Venezuelan Army, and traffickers. " rorist violence-on both sides of the strongly implying that Colombian Such a definitionof the enemy im­ Colombian-Venezuelan border-has failure to transmit adequate intelli­ mediately poses the question of con­ not only created widespread econom­ gence on the border situation was re­ tinental unity to combat it. Venezue­ ic, social, and political upheaval do­ sponsible for the June 12 massacre. lan-Colombian tensions, if not soon mestically, but has raised tensions be­ Worst of all was Grimaldi's charge resolved, will stand in the way of such tween the two nations to fever pitch. that neighboring Colombia was arm­ a war-winning strategy. Another ob­ Nearly simultaneous narco-terror­ ing itself to the teeth for "conventional stacle is the blindness of the Reagan ist massacres perpetrated against both warfare" along the border, rather than administration itself, whose newly ap­ the Colombian Army and Venezuelan for the fight against narco-terrorism. pointed director of the Central Intelli­ National Guard the week of June 12- He claimed that the Colombian armed gence Agency-former FBI director the culmination of weeks and months forces were acquiring tanks, sophisti­ William Webster-only last year of strikes, rioting, narco-terrorist as­ cated submarines, upgrading avia­ publicly insisted that no such thing as sassinations, kidnappings, and am- tion, etc. Not accidentally, the Sierra "narco-tenorism"exi sted.

56 International EIR July 17, 1987 Report from Bangkok by Sophie Thnapura

Weinberger encourages friends viewed as part of the U. S. security During his short stay in Thailand, the u.s. Defense Secretary responsibility. Weinberger's views on the Thai presented a welcome counterpoint to State Department abuse. economy also contrasted with those coming from State. In answer to a question on the Kra Canal from this correspondent at his press conference, Weinberger replied that he had not On a tour to strengthen ties with track of nodding to Moscow. The So­ discussed the great infrastructure proj­ key U.S. allies in Asia, Secretary of viets, he had reported, showed signs ect with Thai leaders, but "I think we Defense Caspar Weinberger stopped during his one-hour discussion with would tend to be very sympathetic to over in Bangkok for two days June 18- Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shev­ requests for things that we believe 19, after having visited Sydney, Aus­ ardnadze, of wanting to negotiate a would strengthen the country eco­ tralia, as he headed for Hong Kong settlement. However, as former Prime nomically or from the point of view of and Tokyo. Both the Philippines and Minister Kukrit Pramoj remarked, a security." South Korea were conspicuously ab­ conflictas important and complicated Weinberger also expressed con­ sent from his tour. as Kampuchea cannot be properly ad­ cern that "Congress is preoccupied at Weinberger's visit encouraged the dressed in a one-hour diplomatic dis­ the moment with reducing deficitsand Thai military, just at the pointthat Thai cussion. that seems to be their only priority, troopswere engaged in intensive com­ For the moment, of course, the and I am worriedthat national security bat with Vietnamese troops on Thai Soviets enjoy easy access to port fa­ considerations, both our own, as well territory at the Chong Bok pass along cilities in Cam Ranh Bay, the first as those of our friends, may be ne­ the Kampuchean border. The Thais warm-waterport everavailable to them glected in that process. We are trying were forced into direct confrontation in the Pacific. Since last year, the our best to persuade the Congress to with the Vietnamese after the Khmer U.S.S.R. has also been building port increase the amounts of military assis­ Rouge proved incapable of holding its facilities at Kompong Son, Kampu­ tance to good friends such as Thailand own at the pass. chea, for amphibious landing and is . . . as well as to good friends such as Weinberger met both with Prime reconstructing the main railway line our own Defense Department." Minister Prem Tinsulanond and Army to the Thai-Kampuchean border, Weinberger's commitment to Commander-in-Chief Gen. Chaovalit among other improvements in trans­ Thailand's security and economic Yongchaiyudh. Emphasizing Thai­ port and communication infrastruc­ growth was a welcome breath of fresh land's crucial role as a front -line state , ture. air from the United States. The Com­ Weinberger expressed concern that the Aware of this Soviet threat to merce Department and Congress have result of Soviet support for Vietnam Thailand. as well as to U.S. strategic been waging a one-sided war against has forced Thailand to extend so much interests in the region, Weinberger Thai exports to the United States. The of its resources and strength in repel­ came to Thailand to finalize the crea­ 1986 Farm Act has hurt Thai rice ex­ ling aggression and potential inva­ tion of a war reserve stockpile in Thai­ ports; the Congress voted up the Jen­ sion. Weinberger also noted that if the land. It is expected that the U.S. Con­ kins Textiles Act which would have Soviets were in any way serious about gress will approve legislation for the decimated Thailand's budding indus­ world peace, then "in this part of the stockpile by the end of this year's ses­ try in that department; and now the world, they should be withdrawing sion and that the first weapons ship­ Copyright Amendment is being used supportfor Vietnam." ment could arrive in Thailand by fiscal to force Thailand to restrict produc­ Weinberger's castigation of the 1989, giving Thailand the capability tion of competitive products such as Soviets is, however, somewhat at var­ to meet emergencies. computer software, pharmaceuticals, iance with the current trend in Thai Weinberger's concern for Thai­ and video and cassette tapes. The diplomacy. Last April, Foreign Min­ land is far differentthan that projected Commerce Department is threatening ister Siddhi Savestila became the first by the State Department and the Social to remove ThaihUld' s Generalized Thai foreign minister to visit Mos­ Democrats in Washington. In 1985, System of Preference (GSP) , thus lim­ cow, and returned more determined Jeane Kirkpatrick announced in Bang­ iting cost reductions for Thai imports than ever to walk on the realpolitik kok that Thailand was no longer in the United States.

ElK July 17, 1987 International 57 International Intelligence

ian economy to a pace of technical upgrad­ to Investigate Human Rights Violations in European Community to ing which gives it the capability for a blitz­ the United States, on July 2 issued a state­ end ban against Syria krieg on the West. Are the perestroikas of ment denouncing the indictment of Lyndon Ogarkov and Gorbachov the same?" H. LaRouche , Jr. Davydov replied , "I want to be a realist He called the indictment "an unequivo­ The European Community is considering with you . To a certain degree , perestroika cal infringement of the personal and politi­ dropping its ban on high-level contacts with is a defense measure ....We have external cal rigqts of Mr. LaRouche," and appealed Syria-restrictions imposed when Syria's enemies." to President Reagan to take up the matter role in international terrorism was revealed Davydov was also asked his view of persomilly, as the Commission has already in October 1986. EC foreign ministers are Lyndon LaRouche . His answer: "LaRouche requested-with no reply from the White scheduled to meet on July 13, and only Brit­ . . . is the champion of anti-Sovietism .... House . ain is expected to oppose the lifting of sanc­ I have to admit that he knows the Soviet Girauta wrote , "Precisely at the current tions. Union very well, but gives very subjectivist time of national crisis in all three areas which President Reagan sent a message in June judgments. . . . His anti-Sovietism does not Mr. L�ouche has made the core of his cam­ to SyrianPresident Hafez el-Assad, offering make him objective ." paign�the strategic confrontation with the to improve relations . He then dispatched Soviet Union, the escalating economic cri­ U.N. Ambassador Vernon Walters as his sis with an imminent financial collapse, and personal envoy, to meet with Assad in Da­ the epidemic spread of the AIDS plague­ mascus on July 6, to discuss the Syrian at­ Chirac: Berlin Wa ll shows Mr. LaRouche is being kept from freely act­ titude toward terrorismand ways of improv­ ing and intervening in political develop­ ing U.S.-Syrian relations. fr aud of disarmament ments . : ... British officials are said to be furious at "One cannot help but feel , that to indict the shift, but will do nothing to oppose it . French Premier Jacques Chirac , in a speech Lyndon LaRouche at this moment, does tend West Germany recently sent a new ambas­ in West Berlin on July 2, exposed the fraud to indicate that the motivations behind the sador to Damascus, after waiting several of the ongoing Soviet disarmament cam­ Boston proceedings are more political than months following revelations that Syria was paign. "As long as there is this wall, the anything else, especially since, after almost linked to the March 1986 bombing against a barbed wire , and the shooting-order at the three �ars of 'investigations,' this third German-Arab cultural society. border," Chirac said, "there can't be any 1 version of the indictment that now includes The changes in policy follow an appar­ real disarmament in Europe . " LaRou�he , does not appear to contain any ent crackdown by Syria on Abu Nidal 's ter­ Chirac , also mayor of Paris, was there new evidence .... rorists, including closing down the group's to sign a city-partnership treatybetween Paris "The investigations, still ongoing, car­ offices in Syria. and Berlin. At the officialceremony , Chirac ried out by the Commission to Investigate Apart from the ban on high-level con­ said that arms control would profit more from Human Rights Violations in the United tacts, other EC sanctions will remain inplace, the political effect of the destruction of the States, have convinced me, that the charges including an embargo on new arms sales to Berlin Wall, than from the destruction of raised . against LaRouche are untena­ Syria. medium-range missiles in Europe . Chirac ble .... reaffirmed France's security guarantees for "In the now-released indictment against the "whole city of Berlin," not just West LaRouohe personally-which can only be Berlin. seen as .a form of pre-judgment, in the light Soviets admitmilitary Chirac's theme was seconded by his de­ of a suwltaneous press statement of the U.S. fe nse minister, Andre Giraud, at a seminar gains fr om 'perestroika ' DepartI):lent of Justice , without a trial ever on French-German relations, in Paris on July having taken place-I see the very founda­ 6. "Disarmament is not peace ," Giraud Vladimir Davydov , an official of the Latin tions of our system of civilized law threat­ underlined. American department of the U.S.S.R. ened. Through such precedents , the faith of Academy ofScien ces, admitted at a seminar the Western world in the 200-year-old in Mexico City on July 26 that Gorbachov's American Constitution is shaken . Especial­ much-vaunted perestroika (restructuring) LaRouche indictmentis 'a ly worrying in this respect are reports which policy has a military side to it. The seminar have come to our notice, of machinations by was organized by the Mexican planning threat to civilized la w' a 'paraij.el government' in the U.S.A., that ministry. bases iti;elf on Executive Orders 12333 and The question submitted in writing to Don Victor Girauta y Armada, an attorney 12334, personally signed by President Rea­ Davydov was , "Marshal Ogarkov defines in Barcelona, Spain, and chairman of the gan ...." perestroika as a process to subject the civil- Fact-Finding Committee of the Commission Gin.uta's call is circulating to other

58 International EIR July 17, 1987 Briefly

• A GREEK government spokes­ man confirmed that during corre­ spondence in May between Mikhail Gorbachov and Greek Prime Minis­ members of the international commission, and that the United States should give max­ ter Andreas Papandreou, the Soviet which is continuing the monitoring of the imum priority to the Western Hemi­ leader "urged" that U . S. militarybas­ LaRouche case which it began in May . sphere ....I even accept the fact that the es "be removed from the country, in Soviet Union has special security interests accordance with the unanimous de­ in EasternEurope, interests which we should mand of the Greek people," writes Gandhi's ouster demanded respect. But there is no natural law that says Neos Kosmos's Tzallas in the British after violence in India they have to play an active role in Central dailylndependent. America and in Angola, and always a mili­ tary role." • VENEZUELA, following Mex­ Following the worst acts of Sikh terrorism He argued, "If the WesternHemisphere , ico's lead, "rej�cts, condemns, and in five years, in which over 70 people have particularly Mexico, goes into great com­ does not accept the intentions of the reportedly been killed in two different at­ motion, our border is at the Rio Grande and United States Senate in meddling in tacks on buses in the northern states of Har­ everybody will see the United States rapidly the internal affairs of Panama," Ven­ yana and Punjab, tens of thousands of armed gather resources from the Atlantic and the ezuelan Deputy Foreign Minister police and paramilitary constabulary units Pacific to confront the problem. " German Nava Carrillo said July 3, have been put on alert and are on around­ Therefore , he continued, the U.S. following a trip to Mexico. the-clock duty in northern India. administration must focus on the problem A group calling itself the "Khalistan the banks are having collecting debts owed • 'GORBACHOV is like Jesus. He Commando Force" has claimed responsibil­ by Latin American countries, "over every­ just keeps giving out good things like ity for the atrocities, and Indian security thing else." arms control proposals and [getting forces report having found a note evidently hit] with rejection," anti-nuclear ac­ authored by this group, threatening to "kill tivist Helen Caldicott told a Russian 1 00 Hindus for every Sikh killed." audience in Moscow, during a rock British newspaper accounts of the situ­ Korea averts more concert sponsoredby the Soviet Peace ation in Punjab and Haryana, report calls for violence, fo r now Committee on the Fourth of July. Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi's resignation. The Financial Times of London says these The South Korean government has averted • THE F·16 fighter-bombers sta­ calls came from a number of political par­ an escalating cycle of violence, temporari­ tioned at Torrej6n in Spain may well ties, as news of the atrocities spread. ly, by the surprise announcement that it be moved to the Portuguese base of The Daily Express comments that "the fu­ would accept demands by opposition lead­ Beja, reported the Portuguese news ture of Rajiv Gandhi is in the balance ." ers for direct presidential elections and re­ agency. The agency said that U.S. At one hospital where many victims of lease of political prisoners . State and Defense Department offi­ the terroristattack were brought, families of The remarkableshift fo llowed two weeks cials have been in contact with Por­ killed and wounded people were chanting, of violence by "students" led by Kim Young tuguese diplomats to discuss moving "Gandhi out!" the Express reported. Sam's Reunification Democratic Party (so­ the U.S. Air Force "Tactical Wing A source close to Sikh-secessionist cir­ called for its program of reunification with 40 1" to Portugal. cles said the Soviets would gain most from communist North Korea) . The compromise the violence. "The Soviets want confusion has bought time for the Korean government • CARDINAL RATZINGER in India," he said. "They're the only ones of President Chun 000 Hwan-and for pa­ summoned sch smatic Archbishop who can't lose." He forecast a Soviet-backed l triotic forces in the United States to do Lefebvre to Rome July 14, to present military coup should the situation continue something about the networks in Washing­ him with a loo-pagereport confuting to worsen. ton responsible for Korea's destabilization: his schismatic thesis on Vatican II. A the same Project Democracy whose most "new offensive" against Rome had Kissinger fo recasts global famous operative is Lt. Col. Oliver North. been started recently by Lefebvre , Project Democracy has directed the de­ who announced he will consecrate 'regionalization' stabilization since January 1985, when it "his own" bishops in France, al­ dispatched Kim Dae Jung, then exiled in thoughhe was suspendeda divinis by In an interview with Brazilian journalists Washington, back to Seoul with stem warn­ Pope Paul VI. As an answer, Cardi­ published in Rio July 5, Henry Kissinger ings to Chun not to touch a hair on his head. nal Jean Lustiger, Bishop of Paris, forecast U.S. withdrawal from all world At the end of June, Secretary of State George had an announc¢ment readin all Paris commitments except in the Western Hemi­ Shultz and his assistant secretary for Asian churchesthat no Catholic should con­ sphere . He declared: "I think the world will affairs, the Contra-tainted Gaston Sigur, fess to Lefebvrianpriests . be regionalized in the next 15 to 20 years were calling for a "transfer of power."

EIR July 17, 1987 International 59 LaRouche in New England, puts accusers on trial

by Nora Hamerman

In a historically unprecedented series of dramatic events , "The issue is the Iran policy:" The U.S. government under presidential candidate Lyndon LaRouche returned to the Carter, and under Reagan, under Secretary of State Alex­ United States for campaign events in his home town of Roch­ ander Haig, continuously supported the Khomeini dictator­ ester, New Hampshire and Manchester; then testified volun­ ship, LaRouche declared, and has lied to the American peo­ tarily for four hours before a Boston federal grand jury ; and ple continuously about its policy on Iran and the Contras . was indicted 24 hours later in a blatantly political action by LaRouche blasted the "cover-up" being carried out by thevery same "secret government"under scrutiny in the Irani Congress. "The Democratic . national leadership, as well as Contra affair. All of this occurred simultaneously with the the Republican national leadership, have been continuously catapulting of the illegal government behind lran/Contragate complicit in this operation," LaRouche charged. He released to national attention with the Oliver North testimony before the firstpart of his proposal for a repeal of Executive Orders congressional hearings during the week after the Fourth of 12333 and 12334, which made possible the illegal actions July. against him and his campaign ( see Feature) as well as copies Theunprecedented nature of these events was recognized of his autobiography, The Power of Reason: 1988, which has even by many members of the U.S. media, to whom candi­ just been published. date LaRouche addressed in-depth reports on the issues which will be crucial in the 1988 elections. 'Punctum saliens' defined to voters Speaking in Concord, New Hampshire , the capital of the Returning to the United States after several months in nation's first primarystate , on July 9, LaRouche stated: "There Europe , candidate LaRouche addressed meetings in New are three issues which will define my success, or shall we Hampshire on June 27-28. "The United States is going in one say, probable success, in reaching the presidency, in the 1988 of two directions," LaRouche told a Manchester audience. elections. Number one , the issue of AIDS . Number two, the "Either it is going to continue to go in the direction of becom­ issue of the economy, which will become as explosive an ing a new Hong-Kong, based on coolie labor-in which case issue as the AIDS issue, once it becomes apparent to many we're going to be overrun or dominated by the Soviet Em­ people, that as leading bankers of the world have said, t:e­ pire-or else we are going back to technological progress, peatedly, since about March of this year, we are on the verge industry, high-technology agriculture , the kinds of things we of the greatest financial collapse of history. " used to think were important 20 years ago. We are going to LaRouche pointed out that he has no "competition" among become a superpower again." thedeclared Democratic presidential candidates, nicknamed Americans must decide to do that, not by passing a law the "Seven Dwarfs" by the media. He stressed that Lt. Col or constitutional amendment, he said, but by deciding to Oliver North is just a "small player" in the secret government. "improve our character as a nation," to become again a nation

60 National EIR July 17, 1987 "committed to development of the individual, to use of tech­ my associates engaged in a conspiracy to obstructju stice is a nological progress, in a capital-intensive, energy-intensive lie, and the government knows it's a lie. The entire case was way; to create productive workplaces; to produce wealth; to an operation run under Executive Orders 12333 and 12334, base society on respect for the dignity of the individual, who orders of Dec. 4, 1981. This was an intelligence community uses the development of his mental powers , and other pow­ operation, not a Justice Department operation. The entire ers , to do some good in society; to contribute to its progress." prosecution is a by-product of a covert, what we used to call, LaRouche pointed out that, with the Soviets in an all-out a Cointelpro operation. The purpose of the operation is to war drive, as they now are , in a few years the U.S. could prevent me from campaigning in 1988." cease to exist as a nation . And so: "Either we mend our ways, The next day, without leaving as muchas a decent inter­ or we soon cease to exist. This is no time for compro­ val, the grand jury issued a sealed indictment against La­ mise. . . . This is the time for making decisions on the basis Rouche on the single charge of "conspiracy to obstructjus­ of principle." The principle is that "this nation, what it stands tice. " for, what it represents for humanity must survive. It will only Two days later, on July 2, after arrangements had been survive if it returns to what it was dedicated to becoming made between LaRouche's attorney and the Justice Depart­ fromthe beginning, and from that there is no compromise." ment for his arraignment, the indictment was made public. To make the point, LaRouche drew from great drama. In their release announcing the indictment, Justice Depart­ The universe is "lawful: That's the firstprincip le." This was ment officials declared that the Boston investigation was shown by the Greek playwright Aeschylus, who exposed the closed. Unspoken was the fact that they had reached their gods of Olympus as "nothing but frauds"; by Schiller's Don final political objective, after almost three years of investi­

Carlos; by Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice , whose theme gation-the indictment of LaRouche. is "let no man take the flesh and blood of another because he LaRouche's indictment is actually part of a second is in debt." If the world follows policies contrary to natural "superseding indictment," which replaces earlier indictments law-zero growth , free enterprise, environmentalism-he issued against 13 of his associates in October and December said, the human race will die out, in the first half of the of 1986. coming century . Legal observers noted that there appeared to be no new LaRouche explained the idea of a punctum saliens-the "evidence," even in the government's tenos, for the inclusion point of no return, at which a decision must be made to save of LaRouche in the indictment. In fact, one of the alleged civilization, or it will be too late. "This punctum saliens will "overt acts" cited therein had orginally been included in the be what is determined in this election. We don't need politi­ October indictment, and then deleted in the December one. cians-we need leadership !" Because the world stands at this The only difference between the October 1986 and the July crossroads, "If you don't have the right President of the 1987 actions seems to be that the presidential elections are United States, you can kiss this world goodbye !" LaRouche nine months closer. said he had triedto determine whether there was "some com­ The timing of the indictment against LaRouche has to be bination which I can help to put together, among leading seen in the context of instructions received in the Justice forces in other countries, to save this civilization." The an­ Department and intelligence community from none other swer was "No." Therefore , he said, if we don't get the right than the Russian government! On the day that the Justice government in the United States fast, you can "forget civili­ Department, and William Weld's Criminal Division in par­ zation." ticular, issued the indictment, a landmarklegal case opened We must get our economy moving, he went on; stop in Paris, where LaRouche was suing the Soviet government usury, get industries going. Put the unemployed to work, for libel. Weld's action made it impossiblefor LaRouche to producingthin gs. "We've got to take people who are selling attend that trial . hamburgers to each other and give them a dignifiedjob to do Addressing the press conference after his grand jury ap­ again, that pays them some money-so they can raise a pearance, LaRouche explained what was at stake in his pres­ family." We must have an adequate national defense: "The idential campaign, and why he chose to cooperate and testify Russians have to be convinced you can kill them; thenthey 'll beforethe grand jury. "We're going into financialcr isis. The be peaceful. You have to have the nerve to deal with them." Republicans will probably be irreparably damaged in 1988 by a financial crisis, which would mean,a Democrat's going Secret government indicts LaRouche to take it, which would mean that we've got to be serious On June 29 LaRouche testified for four hours before a about having a good Democratic candidate on-line. . . . So federal grand jury investigating his campaign and associates, it's important that I be President, not because I am so very and later that afternoon, told a packed press conference in good, but because the others are so very bad, in terms of Boston, "the charges that my campaign, or persons associ­ qualifications for this kind of job. . . . ated with me, engaged in credit card fraud, is a lie, and the "I can't say I'm concernedabout my personal well-being. government knows it's a lie. Number two, the charge that I'm concerned about my country, and I'm concerned about

EIR July 17, 1987 National 61 the world. And I think the next President of the United States munity. He noted that LaRouchehad returnedvoluntarily the is going to decide as a leader, not entirely on his own power, previous week to appear before the grand jury, and then he whether we become a Hong Kongjunkpile empire, or wheth­ had returned voluntarily a second time to surrender and be er we revert to the pathway of becoming a high-technology, arraigned. He also noted that LaRouche's wife is a West agro-industrial world power, and a leader among nations for German citizen and politically active there , and that La­ the cause of the kind of ideals upon which this country was Rouche had extensive travel plans for meetings in Western founded, by the founders of our nation." Europe and Africa. LaRouche also recalled for the press two of the recent Anderson further pointed out to the court that LaRouche travesties of the grand jury system. He said he had told the is a candidate for President of the United States, and he is jury that atrocities like the indictments of former Labor Sec­ actively campaigning and will continue to campaign, "and if retary Ray Donovan and former NASA chief James Beggs for no other reason than that, he intends to appear for trial. " were the result of an abdication of responsibility by grand juries. "The time has come," LaRouche said, "when grand Fact-finding missions juries must return to the principle on which they were estab­ In his ruling, Magistrate Collings said that he would allow lished in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the 18th century. some foreign travel until after Labor Day, after saying that The function of the grand jury is not to present indictments, he was taking into account the fact that LaRouche is a can­ but to prevent them by saying to prosecutors, if you cannot didate for the presidential nomination of one of the major present us a convincing case, then take your case and shove parties. "It's reasonably clear that he's committed to follow­ it. . . . The function of the grand jury is not to be a rubber ing through on his announced intention to campaign," said stamp for prosecutors . The function of the grand jury is to the Magistrate , observing that he wouldn't be able to do this protect the innocent citizen. . . ." if he were a fugitive. He also said that LaRouche did not have to inform the governmentof the purpose of his travel or who LaRouche arraigned, keeps passport he was visiting-although the Justice Department had argued On July 7, candidate LaRouche, Jr. was arraigned on that they had "an interest in looking at his travel plans." charges of "conspiracy to obstruct justice" in an overflowing The trial for LaRouche andeleven of his associates and courtroomby U.S. Magistrate Robert Collings in Boston. He five organizations is scheduled to begin on Sept. 21 and to pleaded not guilty, and was released on a combined $20,000 last three or four months. cash bond and $200,000 unsecured personal recognizance The addition of LaRouche to the "Second Superseding bond. Indictment" was not the only change made by the prosecu­ Over the objections of the prosecution, LaRouche was tion. The new indictment deleted one of the most spectacular allowed to keep his passport until after Labor Day, when he allegations which has been trumpeted around the world by said he would be returning to the U.S. to campaign. He will the news media since last October, the "million dollar credit be allowed the unlimited right to travel between the U.S. and card fraud" allegation. In the first two versions of the indict­ West Germany, and the right to travel internationally upon ment, the government alleged that the defendants were part notice to the governmentover the next two months. of a "nationwide scheme" which involved unauthorized cred­ LaRouche was indicted by the grand jury on June 30, less it card charges "in excess of $l ,000,000." The "$1 ,000,000" than 24 hours after he had voluntarily appeared before that figure is entirely taken out of the new indictment, and even same grand jury and testified for almost four hours. It was the amount of alleged unauthorized charges in New Eng­ evident that the grand jury did not take the time to consider land-under $6O,OOO-is deleted. All the indictment charges the evidence he presented. now is 115 unauthorized charges in New England; however, The indictment was unsealed in a flurry of publicity on the press has continued to use the one-million-dollar allega­ July 2, after arrangements had been made through La­ tion in its coverage of the LaRouche indictment. Rouche's attorney for his return and surrender. Part of the As if to underscore the political nature of the case, the agreed-uponarrangement was thatthe government would not prosecution attempted to put LaRouche's name at the top of ask for pre-trial detention, as it had done earlier for five of the list of defendants, so that the case would henceforth be LaRouche's associates who were indicted by the same grand officially known as United States of America v. Lyndon H. jury in October and December 1986. However, the govern­ LaRouche et al. This is the revised caption of the Second ment did ask the court to order LaRouche to surrender his Superseding Indictment as issued by the grand jury and dis­ passport and to post a $20,000 bond. tributedto the press. However, the court refused to allow the LaRouche's attorney Odin P. Anderson told the court change, and apparently insisted that LaRouche's name be that both the surrender of the passport and the bond request added to the end of the list, as is the normal practice when were ''totally unnecessary and inappropriate," especially since additional defendants are added in a superseding indictment. the government had conceded that there was no "risk of Therefore , the case will continue to be identified as U.S. v. flight" and that LaRouche did not pose a danger to the com- The LaRoucheCampa ign, et al.

62 National EIR July 17, 1987 Elephants &: Donkeys by Kathleen Klenetsky

"We need star schools, not star wars." Rodriguez, a longtime operative Babbitt, the only Trilateral Commis­ of former CIA Director of Operations sion member in the crew, declared that Theodore Shackley, had frequentcon­ strategic defense is tantamount to tact with another Shackley operative, pouring gasoline on the fire. Simon Donald Gregg-Bush's main security Who's the dumbest of called the program a "disaster," and adviser. The Rodriguez-Gregg con­ Biden claimed it was "bankrupting our nection has come up repeatedly during them all? intellectual capital. " the course of the probe. That could well have been the theme So much for the Democrats' The cocaine trafficker, Ramon of the first official debate of the Dem­ vaunted new "pro-defense" image. Milian-Rodriguez, told the committee ocratic presidential primaries, which Not surprisingly, the one candi­ that the purpose of the drug cartel's took place in Houston, Texas July 2. date who has a program for dealing payoff to the Contras was to bribe the Broadcast on national public tele­ with AIDS, and who not only is the CIA and through it, the Drug Enforce­ vision, the event-which featured­ principal defender of the sm in the ment Administration, to go easy on National Review's William Buckley United States, but one of its architects, drug runners. He said he acted on be­ and Democratic Party kingmaker was deliberately excluded from the half of the Medellin Cartel, which Robert Strauss as interviewers­ event. Obviously, the contrast be­ controls roughly 75% of the cocaine proved beyond any doubt that the can­ tween Lyndon H. LaRouche and the entering the United States. didates (at least those sanctioned by dwarfs would have been too much. Should it tum outthat Gregg knew theparty officialdom) truly deserve the And who won the debate? The of Felix Rodriguez's alleged role in label "the Seven Dwarfs ." pundits and columnists differ. Dukak­ the cocaine-Contra link, this could The "debate" consisted of little is was given high marks-not for any­ spell very bad trouble for his boss, more than the participants-Sen. Joe thing he said, but because he appeared who has been deeply involved in the Biden, Rep. Richard Gephardt, Sen. "relaxed." (Maybe he's borrowing his Reagan administration's "war on Paul Simon, Massachusetts Gov. Mi­ wife's diet pills.) Babbitt "lost," again drugs." Not only did Gregg meet with chael Dukakis, Jesse Jackson, Arizo­ not because of anything he said, but Rodriguez on a regular basis, to dis­ na Gov. Bruce Babbitt, and Sen. Al because his head bobbed up and down cuss operations in Central America, Gore-taking the expected pot shots continuously for the duration. What's but Bush himself met with Rodriquez at the Reagan administration, and eminently clear is that the real loser of several times, and has publicly de­ talking endlessly of "leadership." But the debate was the American elector­ clared him a "patriot." of substantive solutions to the nation's ate , which is once again being pre­ major problems, this gaggle had little sented with fools, and told to select to say. the "best." Gephardt: absolutely no How to cure the country's eco­ mandatory AIDS testing nomic ills? The standard response ranged from "balance the budget" to Bush linked to Contra Democratic presidential hopeful "cut defense spending." How to deal RichardGephardt seems to believe that with the AIDS epidemic? The candi­ drug-running courting the homosexual lobby, is dates carefully skirted this political hot It was only a matter of time before more important than protecting the potato-leadership apparently doesn't George Bush's connections to Iran­ health of the American population. extend that far. gate caught up with him. They began During a July 6 visit to New York In the discussion on the Strategic to-with a vengeance-in late June, City-the AIDS capital of the United Defense Initiative, they vied with each when a convicted cocaine trafficker States-Gephardt denounced those other to come up with the strongest told a Senatesubcommittee thathe had who advocate mandatory AIDS test­ denunciation of the program. Gore, supplied $10 million to the Contras ing, saying that energies should be di­ who has beenendorsed by Soviet agent from the notorious Colombian co­ rected toward research and education Armand Hammer, a long-time family caine cartel, and disclosed that cour­ instead. "Testing diverts us from the friend, termed the sm "profoundly iers for the dirty money were provided real challenge of education and re­ mistaken." Jesse Jackson said it was by Felix Rodriguez (a.k.a Max Gom­ search," the Missouri Congressman "conceptually flawed." Dukakis said, ez). told Mayor Ed Koch.

EIR July 17, 1987 National 63 tf.merican system

Alexander Hamilton's French alliance

by Anton Chaitkin

The alliance between the Americans and the French, in the vailed against the British, and the United States won inde­ American Revolutionary War, representeu the commitment pendence. It is in the period fo llowing the Revolutionary War of statesmen in both countries to political freedom and na­ that Alexander Hamilton emerged as the American leader of tional development as Colbert had fought for in France in the that alliance, holding with hi$ friend the Marquis de Lafayette 17th century. At the close of the war, the alliance became a clear vision of the universalrepublican future of mankind. identified, within the U.S.A., with the premier American Immediately after the Bri�ish withdrawal from New York "Colbertist," Alexander Hamilton. We will sketch here the City in 1783, the French corlsul to New York, Connecticut, birth and temporary death of the alliance. In a succeeding and New Jersey, Jean Crevecoeur, set up his office. Alex­ article, we will describe the resurrection of the alliance and ander Hamilton secured a charter for his Bank of New York its successfuluse by America's military and scientificleaders early in 1784, and Crevecoeur established his consular post to begin to tum this country into the world's greatest power. in the officeof the Bank's cashier, William Seton. The French statesman, 'Etienne Fran<;ois de Choiseul Hamilton sent cashier Seton to Philadelphia to learnhow (1719-85), was committed to breaking the power of the Brit­ to run a bank from Robert Morris at the Bank of North ish-centered international financial oligarchs over world af­ America, and Seton was, simultaneously, the deputy Consul fairs . He banned the pro-oligarchical Jesuit order from France of France for his longtime confidant, Jean Crevecoeur! in 1762, as had been done in Portugal three years earlier by During the 1790s, Treasury Secretary Hamilton would the bold prime minister, the Marques de Pombal. quietly use Seton, at the Bank of New York, for transactions In 1767, British Chancellor of the Exchequer Charles in the bond market, to counter Wall Street speculators who Townshend, officially advised by economist Adam Smith, were trying to destroy the value of governmentsecuritie s. triedto solve growing British deficitsby imposing new taxes It was to Seton that Crevecoeur had addressed his colo­ on the Americans. The Duc de Choiseul, now France's min­ nial-period Letters fr om an �merican Farmer, made into a ister of war, watched with fascination as the angry Americans famous descriptive book virtually recruiting Europeans to protested against these "Townshend Acts." immigrate to free and prosperous America. Both the French In 1768, Choiseul sent a veteran, German-born French Crevecoeur and Scot Seton had stayed behind British lines officer, Johann de Kalb, to Britain's American colonies as a during the war, likely in the service of American intelligence. spy. De Kalb's instructions were to look into the possibility Crevecoeur had then been made consul by French Foreign of an American revolt against Britain. Basing himself in Ben Minister Vergennes, the leader of his government's "Amer­ Franklin's Philadelphia, de Kalb established a network of ican party." Crevecoeur's mission was to advance the com­ agents throughout the colonies. mercial, technological, and scientific interests of the two The following year, Choiseul reported to King Louis XV allied developing nations, in the face of opposition to that that the bankruptcy of the British world financial system development from the imperial oligarchic center, London. would produce a revolutionary upheaval in America, and the Within a week of the British withdrawal from New York, French could then break Britain's power. Crevecoeur reported tothe American Congress the establish­ ment of a line of packet boats from New York to Le Havre, Allies to win independence intended to open a new era Qf bilateral trade . Thomas Jeffer­ When that revolution came a decade later, Johann de Kalb son, who had replaced Benjamin Franklin as U.S. ambassa­ went to America as the mentor and guide of the young Mar­ dor to France, reportedly helped on the French end with the quis de Lafayette; General de Kalb died of 11 wounds suf­ arrangements for this shipping line. fered at Camden, South Carolina. Crevecoeur,coordinating with Franklin, Vergennes, and American and French arms, combined under the diplo­ republican economist Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours, matic and political management of Benjamin Franklin, pre- sought to establish a French Office of Information, to cen-

64 National EIR July 17, 1987 tralize technological exchange between France and the United view that year, leading thefight against the ratification of the States. Franklin and du Pont were particularly interested in Constitution in Pennsylvania, together with Tories, spies, changing the British-centered nomenclature and systems of and dupes in other states. A machine for the dirty operations measurement for a non-imperial new trading system. Crev­ of riots and terrorism was simultaneously put in place in ecoeur visited U.s. scientific societies, seeking an inter­ France, supervised by the director of British Secret Intelli­ change of ideas with the European continent that would, gence, the Marquess of Lansdowne, known more widely as unfortunately, be blocked by disaster until a generation later. Lord Shelburne. One of Lansdowne-Shelburne's official secret agents, Financing for developing nations Benjamin Vaughan, wrote a fateful letter to the American The lobbying and investment activities of Consul Crev­ ambassador to France, Thomas Jefferson, on June 6, 1788. ecoeur gave French government backing to the development It was a letter of introduction for Professor Dugald Stewart, of the Ohio territory . American expansion into Ohio and the whose rank in British imperial affairs would be the equivalent unsettled areas of the eastern states was a great project of the in today' s world of, say, a Soviet Politburo member who was veteran Revolutionary War generals, organized in the Soci­ also a KGB General . ety of the Cincinnati, and of the Franklin party in Philadel­ Vaughan's recommendation to Jefferson said that "when phia, led by Robert Morris and James Wilson. Dr. Adam Ferguson accompanied the commission of peace The allies were determined to take the west, despite con­ to America as its secretary, Mr. Stewart was suddenly re­ tinued, illegal British occupation of frontier forts, and spon­ quested to lecture to his class in Moral Philosophy." The sorship of Indians' terrorism. Marietta, Ohio, the capital of "commission" to which Vaughan here openly refers , was a the Northwest Territory , was named in 1788 for France's group of royal "peace" agents, controlled by Stewart's inti­ Queen Marie Antoinette . The following year, the city of mate friend Ferguson, which went to America during the Cincinnati, named for the Society, was founded in Hamilton Revolution to try to split the Colonials apart politically; they County, Ohio. were unceremoniously ej ected from the country by General Western frontier settlement was the fulcrum of efforts by Washington and the Congress. Hamilton and Robert Morris to develop an international Jefferson thus knew the political character of the man banking system for economic growth, not imperial looting. with whom he was dealing, but he admiredthe sortof "Maoist" Robert Morris sent Gouverneur Morris, his former assistant radical-agrarian philosophy taught by Dr. Stewart. Thirty at the Bank of North America, to Europe as his agent. The years later, March 3, 1820, Jefferson wrote to John Adams , Morrises and Hamilton sought to arrange an American-based "It was afteryou leftEurope that Dugald Stewart, concerning corporation that would buy the U.S. war debt from France, whom you inquire, and Lord Dare , the second son of the and make new investments in American government proj­ Marquis of Lansdowne, came to Paris ....I became im­ ects , with financingfrom the sale of frontier land . mediately intimate with Stewart, calling mutually on each This investment plan, plus the assumption by the new other and almost daily, during their stay at Paris, which was central U . S. governmentof all the states' war debts, an initial of some months." suspension of payment of the debt until the United States As usual with people in his busineSs, all incriminating could arrange its finances to assure its sovereignty , and a papers of Dugald Stewart were destroyed by his son after his national bank modeled on Robert Morris's Bank of North death-"in a fit of madness, induced by the hot sun in In­ America, constituted the founding financial strategy of the dia" -thus leaving a very skimpy biography. Some letters U.S.A. Hamilton wrote to Lafayette on Oct. 6, 1789, "You were preserved, that could give a purely I "literary" character will . . . have heard . . . that I have been appointed to the to the man as a cover story. Stewart coordinated his conti­ head of the Finances of this Country. . . . I venture to say to nental mission with his intimate colleague froin the British you , as my friend, that if the installments of the Principal of Intelligence Service, Professor PierrePrevost of Geneva Uni­ the [American] debt could be suspended for a few years , it versity. This Prevost was the translator of British imperial would be a valuable accommodation to the United economists Adam Smith and (later) Thomas Malthu s. Pre­ States ...." vost's Swiss relatives swarmed through the British service: one recruitedAaron Burr as a British spy; another startedthe The alliance is suspended Scottish Riteof Freemasonry in America; still another taught The Vergennes-Lafayette party in France had urged the young Albert Gallatin radically anti-Christian concepts of Americans on to the adoption of our new strong centralgov­ history and politics. ernmentin 1788, and were using American success to press It was an intense tutelage of Jeffersolll. by this revolution­ for constitutional reforms in France. But Anglo-Swiss oli­ ary Dr. Stewart which had a profound impact on Jefferson's garchists fought the new republican era with every tactic and life and beliefs. This recruitment of America's ambassador every mole at their disposal. was an important part of British efforts to destroy the French­ The Swiss Albert Gallatin suddenly emerged into public Americanchallen ge. Paid agents of Britainand of Lord Shel-

EIR July 17, 1987 National 65 borne's freemasonic soulmate the Duc d' Orleans, went on to directed to republican America, and they are playing the same murder"the aristocracy" and "the oppressors. " These victims game for disorganization here which they played in your included Antoine Lavoisier, who discovered oxygen, who country. The Marats, the Dantons, and Robespierres of Mas­ taught du Pont about explosives, and who was a key Franklin sachusetts are in the same pay, under the same orders, and agent in winning French financing for the American Revo­ making the same efforts to anarchise us, that their prototypes lution. Many other scientists, republican fighters, and Amer­ in France did there." ican allies, were guillotined or murdered in the streets. La­ fayette fled into exile, and was imprisoned by Hapsburg Jacobins in America Austria. But back in 1789, Jefferson had sided with the Jacobins. First the British-French Free Trade (Eden) treaty of 1786, He returned to the United States that year to join President then the Khomeini-style destruction of France beginning in Washington's cabinet as Secretary of State. Nevertheless, 1789, ended the chance for an American-French commercial Jefferson started a political movement of protest against the alliance. America, and its Treasury Secretary Alexander administration, the "Democratic Societies," modeled on the Hamilton, were forced to seek expanded trade with Britain. J acobins. Swiss oligarch Albert Gallatin became the econom­ This is what Jefferson, in his old age, himself said about ic theoretician of this movement. the French Revolution. He was writing on Feb. 14, 1815, to The movement was developed in tandem with an oppo­ Lafayette, about the British fifth column in New England sition to itself, the "Federalist Party," centered in Boston. which, under cover of "Federalism," was preaching Northern The "Jeffersonians" represented, not the republican move­ secession at the Hartford Convention: ment in France, but the deluded mob attacks on it. The Fed­ "The foreigner gained time to anarchise by gold the gov­ eralist Party , reacting to Jefferson, attacked "French excess­ ernment he could not overthrow by arms, to crush in their es" and urged alliance with England! own councils the genuine republicans, by the fraternal em­ Thus the alliance so carefully built by Hamilton and La­ braces of exaggerated and hired pretenders ....The British fayette, came to near war between the United States and have hoped for more in their Hartford Convention. Their France-thanks to the subversive influence of the British, fears of republican France now being done away, they are promoting both mobs and oligarchy on both sides.

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66 National EIR July 17, 1987 Eye on Washington by Nicholas F. Benton

consultation," Kirk stammered. Department press corridor later that I wasn't the only reporter to fire same afternoon. Shultz said that he tough questions. The whole scene was was just thanking Ollie for his efforts Kirk, Fahrenkopf a repulsive little embryoof a totalitar­ in "keeping up the morale" of the Con­ ian, one-party system that left every tras during the period thefunding had in public embrace thoughtful person there queasy. been cut off-andthere was nothing Locked in a near-obscene embrace in in his remark to indicate that Shultz front of TV cameras and reporters at knew of the resupply operation. the National Press Club July 7, the Shultz, Abrams When State Department spokes­ chairmen of the Democratic and Re­ man Charles Redman, the next day, sweat over Ollie publican National Committees an­ made reference to the Shultz's note, nounced their plans for the 1988 pres­ While White House spokesman Mar­ he added words to the effect that it was idential election debates. lin Fitzwater has declined any com­ "preposterous" for North to create the Nestled together behind the small ment on the first week of testimony impression that there was anything podium, Paul Kirk of the DNC and given by Lt. Col. Oliver North before more to Shultz's pat on the back than Frank Fahrenkopf of the RNC were the congressional Iran-Contra com­ that. surrounded by "cupids," representing mittees, the same was not true for lu­ This reporter pointed out, "But it the board of the new "Commission on minaries down the road at the State was Colonel North's contention that Presidential Debates." Liberal Dem­ Department. SecretaryShultz had knowledge of the ocratic socialite Pamela Harriman's North's determination not to be a operation, because, as he testified, worn-out face was among them, and scapegoat for the operation to divert Assistant Secretary Abrams was being the group's advisory board includes a funds from the sale of arms to Iran to kept fully briefed on the efforts to es­ list of the elite so united by political the Nicaraguan Contras has, in partic­ tablish a southern front, even though pedigree (namely, the circles of the ular, Secretaryof State George Shultz Abrams had denied this in his testi­ infamous National Endowment for and his assistant for Latin American mony." Democracy) as to be indistinguishable affairs, Elliott Abrams, sweating. Then Redman revealed that not by party: Robert Strauss, Mel Laird, They both issued terse denials of only Shultz, but also Abrams, had been Jody Powell, Barbara Jordan, Holland what North said during his second day busy at the typewriter after listening Coors, and others . of testimony July 8. North directly to North's testimony. Abrams, he said, As this reporter noted during the contradicted the earlier sworn testi­ had also issued a statement the night press conference, the combined Dem­ mony of Abrams, when Abrams in­ before saying, in effect, that he stood ocratic-Republican organization was sisted he was never told of the diver­ by his earlier testimony. formed as a result of a "hostile take­ sion operation. North also recounted In his earlier testimony, Abrams over" of the presidential debates from an incident which demonstrated, he won praise and oaths of fealty from the League of Women Voters. As a said, that Secretary of State Shultz was his boss, Shultz, by testifying to the result, the two parties' leaderships also fully aware of the matter. committees that North "knew better have set up the conditions to prevent On that occasion, according to than to tell me anything, because if he any candidate they don't like from North, Shultz came up to North during did, he knew I would run right to my surfacing-either from within either a reception at the State Departmentat bosswith thene ws, and my bosswould party, or as a third-party candidate. the height of the Contra "resupply" never, ever stand for any of this non­ As they said during their press operation during the period when sense!" conference, they have taken it upon Congress had cut off funding and, un­ However, in his first days on the themselves to definewho is a "major" der the Boland Amendment, had pro­ witness stand, North showed consid­ candidate and who is not, and, when hibited any U.S. military support op­ erable acrimony against those in the asked, offer no criteria for their arbi­ erations. Shultz put his arm around "secret government" who gave him his trarydec isions. North's shoulder, according to North's orders and collaborat,d with him, but "For example, what would Lyn­ testimony, and said, "Ollie, you are on the witness stand have pleaded total don LaRouche have to do to be con­ doing a great job. Keep it up!" ignorance and blamed everything on sidered a 'maj or' candidate in your Shultz batted out a three-line state­ Ollie's proclivities as the proverbial eyes?" I asked. "We'll take that under ment which was tacked up in the State "loose cannon."

EIR July 17, 1987 National 67 Congressional Closeup by Ronald Kokinda

Domenici: u.s. needs that the federal government has al­ body is out to get the defense contrac­ infrastructure plan ways used the tax code to encourage tors. That was the mood. You have to Sen. Pete Domenici (R-N.M.), the investment in public works, including come in with a big catch. Let us get ranking member of the Senate Budget tax-exempt bonds, favorable depre­ them�General Dynamics, general Committee, brought the finalreport of ciation allowances, and investment tax somebody-grab them, and so they the Private Sector Advisory Panel on credits, and should do so again. went after them. Bang, they go before Infrastructure Financing to the atten­ The report also urges that Con­ a grand jury and get an indictment. tion of the Senate on June 25 . gress establish an Infrastructure Trust Where does that leave Mr. Beggs? He "As we enter the third century of Fund to capitalize state banks and re­ resignedfrom the company. This is a the Republic, this Panel is convinced volving loan funds, and put up $25 man who has worked in the Defense that a new national commitment to billion over five years . "A revived Department,worked for NASA, a dis­ public works-to our infrastruc­ federal involvement is essential," the tinguished career, and now he is out. " ture-is absolutely essential," the re­ report says. Senator Dole added that Beggs's port concludes. "The continued pro­ "record of achievement at NASA ductive capacity of the American speaks for itself-it was outstand­ economy depends on the availability ing-which makes it that much sad­ of adequate basic public facilities. Re­ Danforth demands DOJ der to recall that he was forced to re­ building, revitalizing, and expanding apology to Beggs sign that job in the face of what we America's public infrastructure is im­ Sen. John Danforth (R-Mo.) says that now know to be totally false charges." perative to our future . " the Department of Justice owes for­ The panel was headed by Joseph mer NASA administrator James Beggs Giglio and included Sen. Bob Graham an apology, for the indictment handed (D-Fla.) while he served as governor down against him two yearsago, which of Florida; it prepared the report at was dropped in June for lack of evi­ Congress turns Domenici's request. The report de­ dence. Sens. John Chafee (R-R.I.), the screws on Japan stroys many of the economic assump­ Sam Nunn (D-Ga.), and Robert Dole On June 18, the House adopted an tions which have contributed to U. S. (R-Kan.) joined Danforth in express­ amendment by voice vote to the Dept. economic decline. It cites a study by ing outrage at the Justice Depart­ of State Authorization bill, H.R. 1777, the Joint Economic Committee which ment's unwarranted attack on Beggs. which directs the State Department to puts the infrastructurespending short­ "I think that it owes him an apol­ enter into negotiations with Japan to fall by the year 2000 at $445 billion. ogy for a terriblemistake and a terrible get the Japanese to increase their de­ "Other estimates range much higher," injustice that has been perpetrated fense spending to 3% of GNP, or to thereport says. "Whatever number is against a good man," Danforth said. obtain payment to the United States of accurate, it is astronomical. The phys­ "If the Department of Justice is too the difference between Japan's de­ ical underpinningsof America's econ­ vain to apologize, then let this senator, fense spending and the 3% figure. omy have eroded." on behalf of the government that I Rep. Steven Neal (D-N.C.) of­ One of the major recommenda­ serve, apologize to Jim Beggs and to fered this amendment in order to force tions is that "Congress should create a his family for the misery to which they Japan to pay the United States for put­ new category of tax-exempt bond, an have been put. ting Japan under its defense umbrella. · infrastructure bond." The report at­ "It seems to me when there was no "The current inequitable financial tacks the 1986 Tax Reform Act for negotiation, no discussion whatever commitment by Japan to its defense restricting the scope of tax-exempt fi­ before them for an indictment, that is and that of the free world threatens tQ nancing of infrastructure . "Tax-ex­ a very bad error," Senator Nunn said. undermine its relations with the United empt financing must continue to be "It doesnot seem to me itought to take States," Neal's amendment read. available if state and local govern­ them 19 months to figure out the basic Rep. Duncan Hunter (R-Cal.) of­ ments are ever to begin to meet their nature of a contract." fered an amendment calling upon the infrastructure needs," it adds, noting Senator Chafee added, "Every- Japanese to increase their defense

68 National EIR July 17, 1987 spending to the 3% level. The final warned against leaving the United failures. Once bankrupted, Conrad version gives the l apanese their choice. States dependent upon an unreliable warned, it would take more than a na­ The Senate, meanwhile, took the foreign supply of oil. A Congressional tional emergency to get petroleum en­ opportunity of the illegal sale of ma­ Research Servicestudy estimated "that gineers, geologists, and skilled work­ chine tools by the Toshiba Corp. of a 1973-style embargo in this country ers to go back into this line of work. Japan and the Norwegian state-owned would cost us over $700 billion in Konigsberg Vaapenfabrik, to vent their GNP, 2 million jobs, and would dou­ spleen against Japanese imports. The ble theinflation rate, " Bentsen warned. Senate voted 92-5 on June 30 to im­ He pointed out that "more than 70% Republican committee pose a total ban on imports from the of the new oil imported into the U. S . highlights ANC terrorism two companies. The machine tools now and in the foreseeable future will The House Republican Study Com­ were critical in making submarines come from the Persian Gulf, an ex­ mittee, chaired by Rep. Dan Burton quieter and surface vessels more ma­ tremelyvolatile area." (R-Ind.), held hearings on June 25 to neuverable. While opponents argued against highlight the terrorist activity of the The Senate also adopted an increased costs to consumers in their African National Congress. It heard amendment sponsored by Sen. Jesse states, supporters correctly pointed out statements from African ministers Helms (R-N.C.), that would demand that the alternative was to pay a little calling for economic investment to compensation for the cost to U. S. tax­ increase now, which the United States build up the economic negotiating payers of countering the upgraded So­ would collect in the import fee , or to power of blacks with the South Afri­ viet military capability resulting from pay a lot later when the U.S. is totally can government. the export-control violations. The costs dependent on foreign oil. Sen. James One witness, Salaminah Borehpe, are estimated as high as $30 billion. McClure (R-Id.) noted the contradic­ a former ANC youth organizer who Despite the fact that the Japanese tory arguments of those who were de­ had set peopleon fireby "necklacing," and Norwegian governments are pros­ manding cheaper prices on the one testified, according to Burton's re­ ecuting those involved, the Japanese side, and pleading for alternative en­ port, that Bishop Desmond Tutu had were denounced for "treason" and ergy sources on the other, "which "advocated the burning of the schools "ransoming the security of the U.S . " means increasing prices of energy in of the blacks forthe purpose of forcing The underlying concernswere evident order to financethose alternatives." the blacks to tum more toward the left­ as Rep. Helen Bentley (R-Md.) and Sen. Pete Domenici (R-N.M.) ist elements, the Soviet Union in par­ others started smashing Japanese chastised Congress: "We are compla­ ticular, for their education." She tes­ products on the Capitol steps. cent to let OPEC take actions to de­ tified that Anglican ministers passed stroy our domestic industry; compla­ out AK-47 machine-guns and other cent in letting our domestic industry weapons at one meeting which Tutu be dismantled by artifically low prices; attended, and taught the ANC youth Senate won't save complacent to watch our import levels movement to "make fire bombs, pe­ domestic oil industry return to the dangerously high .levels trol bombs," and carry out terrorist The Senate adopted an amendment of the 1970s." acts. sponsored by Sens. Bill Bradley (D­ While proponents highlighted the Burton warned that "even if you N.J.) and Robert Packwood (R-Ore.) national security, they ceded far too are an isolationist, you must realize on July 1, which removed Section 502 much of the economic arguments to that if we are to survive as a nation, of the Trade Bill, S. 1420, that provid­ opponents. Only Sen. Kent Conrad (D­ there are minerals that are vital to the ed for the possibility of a tax on im-' N.D.) began to outline the effect of economic health and the military ported oil which could save domestic the collapse of the domestic oil indus­ strength of this country, that we have oil production. The vote was 55-41. tryupon the rest of the U . S. economy, to have." Burton stressed that the Sen. Lloyd Bentsen (D-Tex.), such as the drop in steel demand United States should work to end chairman of the Senate Finance Com­ equivalent to a halt in production of apartheid, but without allowing the mittee and sponsor of the provision. 1.8 million automobiles, and the bank ANC to dominate the region.

EIR July 17, 1987 National 69 NationalNews

cy ....We must set-our compass on fun­ basis on which the private networks of the damental , unchanging objectives. Based on "secret government" took over U. S. intelli­ them, we can adapt to momentary circum­ gence functions (see Feature pp. 24-32). Military must not stances." When asked to confirm the existence of the two Executive Orders, which Benton ignore 'rule of law' read out, Fitzwater bolted from the stage to "National security must be based on national the shock ofal! present. "It's time to go hear values. Their clear expression is still found the President" speakto a Kiwanis Club con­ in the Declaration of Independence, the vention, he mumbled. Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and the HHS proposes new "But what about the answer to the ques­ amendments," stated Lt. Gen. DeWitt Smith nursing home rules tion?" yelled a reporter from the back. "No in a speech to army cadets last April . The comment," Fitzwater mumbled, heading to­ The U . S. Department of Health and Human speech was reported July 5 by the Washing­ ward the exit with his back to the room. It Services is proposing a sweeping revision ton Times. It was replete with attacks on the was observed by veteran reporters there that of federal rules for nursing homes. The new lawless nature of what Sen. David Boren he didn't want to say even so much as "No rules would require thousands of nursing (D-Okla.) has called the ·"secret govern­ comment," for fear that it would trigger oth­ homes to hire additional personnel and pro­ ment" behindthe Iran-Contra affair. er questions before he could leave . vide large amounts of additional training to "The timeless wisdom and eloquence of them. an earlierday still inspire and guide us," said A confidential draft of the proposal, re­ General Smith. "Our roots were good and portedin the July 5 New York Times, reveals strong, and they have strengthened over the that the department's estimate is that it would years . National security in a free society cost nursing homes a total of $100million involves us all. It is a child of many parents; Nancy wants 'gay' to comply with the proposals. The proposal it is everyone's business; it is not too arcane is now under review at the Office of Man­ on AIDS panel for everyday citizens or the sole business of agement and the Budget. Nancy Reagan is pressing her husband to a security elite. A 1986 study by the Institute of Medi­ heed demands by the self-appointed spokes­ "When it comes to the national defense, cine found that patients received "shocking­ men of the lower sexual classes that a homo­ we need strong military forces, trained and ly deficient" care in many nursing homes sexual be appointed to the presidential ad­ motivated military people, thoughtful and that receivedfederal funds. The government visory commission on AIDS. responsibleleaders and the best equipment. commissioned the institute study after a po­ The July 6 New York Post reports that But we also know that the 'threats' to our litical furordeveloped in 1982 and 1983 over "resentful administration officials"say they security are not simply military. Stability, administration proposals to relax or repeal may have no choice but to yield, now that worldorder, peace, and freedom are equally many federal rules that govern services in Mrs. Reagan has made up her mind. endangered by such threatsas: hunger, dis­ nursing homes. "Nancy Reagan has said her husband ease, and unemployment, and lack of hous­ will look bad if no gay is appointed," the ing." Post quotes one administration official. The speech attacks, by allusion, the "Mrs. Reagan is just a tigress," he la­ pragmatic, lawless conception that charac­ mented. "When she gets her teeth into some­ terizes Oliver North's "Project Democracy" thing, she just doesn't let go." backers. "Ideally our defense and foreign Fitzwater flees question policies should reflectthe best values of our society. . . . Recent events remind us that on Order 12333 as one progresses upward in the military, it White House spokesman Marlin Fitzwater is important to guard against the heady literally fled the podium July 6 to avoid an­ temptation of power." He listed a series of swering a question from EIR ' s Nick Benton. Committee opens crimes "that are intolerable and largely un­ The question concerned an expose in the forgivable in public servants of a free soci­ Miami Herald on the "secret government" Contra drug probe ety." Among them: "Lying. Forgetting loy­ behind Lt. Col. Oliver North's activities. The House Judiciary Subcommittee on alty to an oath and a Constitution. Ignoring Benton, author of EIR ' s regular "Eye on Crimevoted July 8 to subpoenathree Miami­ the rule of law in favor of the rule of men. Washington" column, asked Fitzwater to based federal prosecutors, as part of an in­ Runaway egos. Using unacceptable means comment on the Herald' s claims, and spe­ vestigation into whether Reagan administra­ to achieve ends which may or may not be cifically on Executive Orders 12333 and tion officials supported illegal smuggling of acceptable. Involving the military in parti­ 12334, signed by PresidentReagan in 1981, drugs and guns to benefit the Nicaraguan san politics and meddling in foreign poli- and now established by EIR to be the "legal" Contras.

70 National EIR July 17, 1987 Briefly

Attorney General Ed Meese has refused standing between the United States and Is­ to allow the prosecutors to be questioned by rael, said the Times. That memorandum is • THE POWER of Reason: 1988, subcommittee investigators in their year-long at the heart of the special arrangements which is the title of the new autobiography probe of drug-smuggling, gun-running, and permitted the U.S. - Israeli partnership in by Lyndon LaRouche. It was re­ money-laundering by and for the Contras. selling arms to Iran. AIPAC director Dine leased by E1R in Boston on July 8. "We're looking specifically at some al­ says that the memorandum's purpose, ac­ leged wrongdoing on the part of the Depart­ cording to then-Secretary of State Alex­ • SENATOR William Proxmire ment of Justice," subcommittee chairman ander Haig, is "to build institutional ar­ wrote a scaldingletter to the New York William J. Hughes (D-N.J.) said. The three rangements so that eight years from now, if Times July 7, taking exception to prosecutors will be asked about allegations there is a Secretary of State who is not pos­ Times columnist William Safire's that OOJ officials-possiblyacting on White itive about Israel, he will not be able to over­ statement that "the 'Star Wars' strat­ House orders-put an end to a 1985 Contra come the bureaucratic relationship between egy is here , it is irrevocable." "Non­ gun-running investigation. Israel and the U.S. that we have estab­ sense," says Proxmire . "Not even ... The subcommittee also voted to compel lished." President Reagan himself-argues an appearance by George Morales, a con­ that SDI 'is here.'... Lt. Gen. James victed narcotics trafficker now in federal A. Abrahamson admits it will be years prison in Florida. Representative Hughes and billions of dollars more." He even said Morales provided "substantial financial cites an utterly discredited American assistance" to the Contras , allegedly in ex­ AIDS lobby in Georgia Physical Society report attacking the change for promises of reduced charges by program. the DOJ . fumes over LaRouche Afterheadlines around the world at the end • U.S. GREENS convened the First of June, confirming the possibility that AIDS National Conference of the American could be spread by mosquitoes, the Atlanta Green Movement in Amherst, Mas­ AIDS lobby responded by calling a July 1 sachusetts the July 4 weekend, draw­ press conference to denounce the new re­ ing 500 assorted ecologists, peace­ search findings as a "right-wing scare tactic AIPAC target niks, Indians, Marxists, anarchists, of Lyndon LaRouche ." The statement by of new exposes libertarians, tradeunionists, et al. The "AID Atlanta," a homosexual-dominated conference was aimed at creating an social service outfit dedicated to defending The American Israel Public Affairs Com­ organized "green movement" in the mittee was the target of a major attack by the civil rights of the virus in Georgia's cap­ United States modeled on West Ger­ New York Times the July 6, one week after ital , was carried in most maj or news media many's most popularneo- Nazi party. it was attacked in the Wall Street Journal. there . While AIPAC claims not to be a political The group also expressed its displeasure • THE INSTITUTE for Security action committee, nearly every presidential with testimony the same day by representa­ and Cooperationin Space (ISCOS) is tives of the National Democratic Policy candidate has met with its board to seek its working with two law firmswhich are 50 support. Committee (NDPC)before people at open lining up American telecommunica­ AIPAC's power is so great that it exerts hearings of the House Health Committee at tions customers to have their satel­ veto power on presidential campaigns' the state capitol building. Following the usual lites launched by the Soviet Union. choices of foreign policy advisers, accord­ "sex education" platitudes by the head of the ISCOS is headed by Carol Rosin. The ing to AIPAC director Tom Dine, who has state department of public health, an NDPC State Department · has banned such beenassociated with former Israeli Defense representative stressed that "casual trans­ launches under the Traffic in Arms Minister Ariel Sharon's PEACE outfit, mission" of HIV is a demonstrated fact. The regulations, but Rosin's outfit still whose aim was to promote Israeli settlement NDPC , of which LaRouche was a founder, plans to have the plan implemented and annexation of occupied Arab territories. is a multi-candidate political action com­ in the next administration. AIPAC 's influence over U.S. elections mittee. is at least as large as that of organized labor, The NDPC spokesman also stated that • JIMMY CARTER, after visit­ former Mondale campaign manager Bob those who had taken the lead in opposing ing China and the Soviet Union, went 1986 64, Beckel said. It also has "unusual access to California's Proposition mandat­ to Newcastle, England, to head a official data." One Pentagon source reports , ing measures of quarantine and prevention procession markingthe 10th anniver­ "We didn't do anything there that AIPAC against AIDS, are now admitting their be­ sary of the Friendllhip Force, the in­ didn't have within hours ." lated agreement with many of LaRouche's ternational "harmony organization" AIPAC played a central role in the adop­ views on AIDS . That includes the "mosqui­ he founded. tion of the 1981 Memorandum of Under- to hypothesis."

EIR July 17, 1987 National 71 Editorial

Root out the secret govemment!

Some four months ago, in April 1987, EIR published Both Democrats and Republicans in Congress and its groundbreaking Sp ecial Report. "Project Democra­ their respective party leadierships , including members cy: The parallel government behind the Iran-Contra of the Iran-Contra committees themselves, have some affair." In that report, we documented the existence of, dirty laundry to wash in connection with the revealed not a single illegal operation on the part of Oliver North "secret government" and its "legal" foundation in EO and his friends, but an entire "secret government" con­ 12333. Panel member Sen. Sam Nunn, among others , ducting broad strategic operations from Asia to South is up to his eyeballs in the "secret government" mess. America to the Middle East, of which North's publi­ He can take a fair share of the credit for the abominable cized indiscretions were but a small, included part. EO 12333 being drafted and signed. The leaderships of We subsequently established that the authority un­ the Democratic and Republican parties jointly occupy der which "secret governmem" operations were being positions at the National Endowment for Democracy. carried out, with the fu ll resources of the official U. S. The National Endowment for Democracy has a covert

government at their disposal , was Executive Order arm , a covert arm used by the "secret government" for 12333 and companion EOs , with or without the knowl­ its dirty operations, namely, the "Project Democracy" edge of the President who stupidly signed those orders. repeatedly referred to by North in his private memos. We asserted that the task now facing the nation , Sen. Daniel Inouye, chairing the hearings, imme­ with the nation's very survival hanging in the balance, diately interrupted North's testimony when the phrase was to root out and destroy this "secret government," "Executive Order 12333" was uttered. The panel there­ before it destroyed the best allies of the United States upon went into executive session-that is, secret. around the world, in the service of an imagined deal 12333 has indeed become a magic number. Neither with the Kremlin leadership. the New York Times nor the Washington Post. in their Now , after seemingly interminable weeks of testi­ transcripts of the hearings " even mentioned the incident mony, the congressional Iran-Contra hearings have fi­ involving E0 12333. And the Manchester Union Lead­ nally heard, from Oliver North's lips, that he was in­ er, in its coverage of a press conference by EIR founder volved in the planning of a wide range of covert oper­ and presidential candidate LaRouche , reported on his ations outside normal government channels-prompt­ statements concerningEO 12333 in this way: "an intel­ ing one senator to exclaim that this constituted revela­ ligence operation run under Executive Order * * * * * . " tion of a "secret government within our government." The question now is, does the Congress of the United And, they also heard, from Oliver North's lips, during States have the guts to face squarely the taskEIR defined the same week of testimony , the phrase "Executive for it four months ago, a task the Tower Commission Order 12333." proved itself unwilling to 'face? Does the Congress of Sen. William Cohen rightly called this "perhaps the the United States have the' guts to face the real issue in most serious revelation to have taken place during the the Iran-Contra affair? Does the Congress of the United course of these proceedings." States have the guts to expose, root out, and destroy the Now , the hearings become interesting. A lot of trees "secret government"? could begin to fall . All of them , in fact. Will the Con­ This it must do, although, in doing so, all the trees gress of the United States now start facing the real issue, in the forest will fall. Let the real "Iran-Contra probe" the "secret government" issue? begin.

72 National ElK July 17, 1987 Now with 'Iran-gate,' you can't afford to wait for the best intelligence EIR can prpvide--��ediately. The economy is teetering at . the brink, and even the larg­ est American banks are shaking at their fo undations. We alert you to the key developments to watch closely, and transmit 10-20 concise and to-the-point bulletins Alert twice a week, including periodic reviews of debt, terror­ ism, and drugs. The "Alert" now puts special emphasis on economic developments. It reaches you by First Class mail twice a week (or more often, when the situation is hot). For Europe and the Middle East, the Confidential Alert Alert Bulletin appears once a week in the fo rm of a one-page telex message.

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Political indictments EIR from Aug. 29, 1986 forecast that "Boston U.S. Attorney Wil­ liam Weld, already notorious for his baseless prosecutions, will use his position as head of the Justice Department Criminal Division, should he be confirmed, to conduct a massive Watergating cam­ paign" against individuals and firms vital to the national defense. We wrote, "Weld's record establishes that should he find no fraud ...he will create it." In a Sept. 5, 1986 feature , EIR's Robert Gallagher said, "Examination of the indictment papers and the motion to dismiss submitted by lawyers for General Dynamics and former NASA director James Beggs ...show that the government has no case at at all ....The defendants are charged with violating regulations that do. not even exist." In late June, the Justice De­ partment, after crippling the nation's space program and defense procurement for nearly two years , has been forced to drop the charges in the General Dynamics case for lack of evidence.

EIR: Knowledge is leadership .