DOCSLIB.ORG

Decoupling As an Alternate Model for Transpression During the Initial Opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Decoupling As an Alternate Model for Transpression During the Initial Opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea Research Note Decoupling as an alternate model for transpression during the initial opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea HARMON D. MAHER, JR. AND CAMPBELL CRADDOCK Maher, H. D. Jr. & Craddock, C. 1988: Decoupling as an alternate model for transpression during the initial opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Polar Research 6, 137-140. Transpressive plate motions during the opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea were in somc manner responsible for the development of Spitsbergen’s Tertiary fold-and-thrust belt. A flower model has been proposed for the large-scale structural architecture of Tertiary deformation (Lowell 1972). An alternate model of decoupling, where convergent and transcurrent motions were accommodated in totally or partially separated, subparallel belts is suggested. Harmon D. Maher, Jr., Dept. of Geography and Geology, University of Nebraska. Omaha, Nebraska. 68182, U.S.A.; Campbell Craddock, Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, U.S.A.; April 1988. Folds and thrusts that disrupt both Hecla Hoek probably representing emergence of the trans- basement rocks and the overlying late Paleozoic pression related crustal welt. Also, seismic pro- through Mesozoic platform cover rocks also files indicate that Tertiary structures exist locally deform Tertiary clastic strata (Orvin, 1934; underneath the west limb of the central Tertiary Birkenmajer 1981). These structures are con- basin (N0ttvedt & Rasmussen 1988). These struc- centrated in, but not restricted to (Andresen et tures are probably responsible for the formation al. 1988), a NW trending belt along and parallel of the western limb, and clearly postdate the to Spitsbergen’s west coast. The realization that Paleocene strata that are so tilted (up to 20 these ‘compressive’ structures were coeval with degrees). While several different kinematic and adjacent to an intracontinental, dextral trans- phases occurred (Birkenmajer 1981; Lepvrier & form plate boundary that linked spreading in the Geyssant 1985), a point we wish to make here is Arctic and Norwegian-Greenland oceanic basins that at least part of the folding and thrusting suggested a transpressive setting (Harland 1969; did take place during Tertiary dextral motion of Lowell 1972). Some 400 km of dextral dis- Svalbard past Greenland; hence the proposal of placement of Greenland past the northern a transpressive setting for a significant portion of Barents Shelf (including Svalbard) in the period that history is correct. between 60 and 37 Ma (anomalies 24-13) is indi- Lowell (1972) proposed a flower geometry for cated by the magnetic data in the relevant oceanic the transpression-induced crustal architecture. basins (Pitman & Talwani 1972; Myhre et al. Vertical transcurrent faults at depth bend into en 1982). echelon, shallowly-dipping thrust faults at shal- Hanisch (1984) argues that some of these struc- lower crustal levels. This architecture was based tures are related to Late Cretaceous rifting in the on clay models, on experience in other zones with North Atlantic as convergence on the opposing a similar tectonic setting and on an analysis of side of a pole of rotation. However, sedi- Svalbard’s Tertiary structures to the extent they mentologic studies of the Tertiary strata (Steel et were known at that time. An important aspect al. 1985) indicate initiation of a western source of Lowell’s model is that the transcurrent and terrane in the late Paleocene/early Eocene - compressive (convergent is perhaps a better 138 H. D. Maher, Jr. & C. Craddock word) components are ‘coupled’- they are accom- pattern during transpression suffer difficulties in modated in the same zone on adjacent and con- Spitsbergen’s case. Continued strike-slip motion nected structures, and fault slip would be can rotate earlier formed folds and thrusts into expected to be oblique. This was one of the earlier sub-parallelism with the mobile zone (although formulations of the ‘flower’ model. In discussions consistently to one side). However, neither the on Svalbard’s Tertiary tectonics some variant of penetrative simple shear, nor a system of well Lowell’s initial model often appears (e.g. Steel et developed wrench faults necessary to accomplish al. 1985). With this background we would like to such rotation is evident. A second explanation is first describe some inconsistencies with a simple that an additional convergent component should application of the flower model in the particular change the initial orientation of en echelon instance of Svalbard, and then to briefly propose structures. Folds and thrusts would be expected an alternate model that might be considered in at a smaller angle to the mobile zone boundaries. future work. The larger the convergent-transcurrent plate A hallmark trait of transcurrent mobile regimes motion ratio the smaller the angle between the is an en echelon pattern of structures (Wilcox et two. In Spitsbergen’s case the transcurrent com- al. 1973), and such a pattern is an integral part of ponent was by far the dominant one, possibly two Lowell’s flower model. However, Tertiary folds in orders of magnitude larger than the shortening the platform cover generally have subhorizontal component. A distinct angularity should there- axes trending N25-40W. Many are within a few fore, arguably. still be in evidence. degrees of being parallel to the trend of the Major Tertiary, synthetic, dextral wrench faults present continental margin (N32W), and by infer- in Svalbard are not documented. One candidate ence, to the Spitsbergen fracture zone along which is the Forlandsundet graben eastern border fault, dextral transcurrent motion had occurred (Maher but the age of movement on this fault may post- 1984). They also show no marked preference for date transpression since the fault truncates fold being consistently clockwise or counterclockwise structures in adjacent Carboniferous strata (Ohta of this direction. Prominant folds in Oscar I1 Land pers. comm. 1988). In Wedel Jarlsberg Land care- have stepped axial surface traces consistent with ful mapping in basement rocks west of the zone dextral transcurrence (although along a more of platform cover involvement (Hauser 1982; northerly trending zone). However, a slight, but Bj~rnerud1987) shows a general continuity of consistent southerly plunge of several fault-propa- structure. While Tertiary folds and thrusts may gation folds could also explain this pattern. Thrust exist here, wrench faults with more than 1-2 km faults in Wedel Jarlsberg Land overlap in a map offset are unlikely in this area. Yet, in Lowell’s pattern that could be consistent with sinistral and model folds and related faults accommodate a not dextral motion (Dallmann pers. comm. 1988). predominate strike-slip component and a minor Again, other explanations, such as that of lateral convergent component. ramps, do not require a sinistral transcurrent com- A thin-skinned contractional nature of ponent of motion. Svalbard‘s Tertiary deformation has been made Several wrench faults of probably Tertiary age even more apparent by recent work (Nottvedt & have orientations inconsistent with those of the Rasmussen 1988). Andresen et al. (1988) show standard Wilcox et al. (1973) model for trans- that structures along the Billefjorden and current-related en echelon patterns. The Orvin- Lomfjorden fault zones are Tertiary in age and dalen fault in Wedel Jarlsberg Land (Flood et consistent with ENE-WSW stratal shortening. al. 1971) is dextral, but is also at a high oblique Classic concepts from other contractional fore- angle to the mobile zone overall (in a position land belts, such as fault-propagation and fault- expected of the antithetic, sinistral secondary bend folds, a ramp and flat geometry of an ascend- wrench fault). It would perhaps be more con- ing basal thrust surface and forward propagation sistent with sinistral transcurrence. Other highly of thrusting, work very well in understanding the oblique faults may be more easily explained as Tertiary structures. lateral ramps or tear faults. A further com- While Lowell’s (1972) discussion focuses atten- plicating factor is that many minor oblique wrench tion on critical aspects of Tertiary deformation faults may be of younger transtension age and not we believe the flower model should be either coeval with folding and thrusting. substantially revised or replaced. Structures that Two explanations for an altered en echelon accommodated a significant amount of the Decoupling as an alternate model for transpression 139 required transcurrent motion are not demon- structures will be crucial in testing whether strated, while a minimum of some 6 km of stratal decoupling occurred, and if so, to what degree shortening perpendicular to the general trend of the components were decoupled. The proposal of the mobile belt can be demonstrated (Gud- decoupling has significant implications for explo- laugsson et al. 1987; Maher unpublished). The ration, for detailed plate reconstructions and for above discrepancies suggest an alternate model understanding the relation between Svalbard’s of decoupled transpression where the trans- and Greenland’s Tertiary structures. current and convergent (compressional) com- ponents develop coevally in parallel belts, the latter of which is preserved on Spitsbergen, and the former of which is either submerged along the continental margin and/or in NE Greenland References (Maher & Craddock 1983). Taken together, Andresen, A,,Bergh, S., Hansen, H., Klovjan, 0..Kristensen, Greenland and Svalbard
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Checklist of Lichenicolous Fungi and Lichenicolous Lichens of Svalbard, Including New Species, New Records and Revisions
    Herzogia 26 (2), 2013: 323 –359 323 Checklist of lichenicolous fungi and lichenicolous lichens of Svalbard, including new species, new records and revisions Mikhail P. Zhurbenko* & Wolfgang von Brackel Abstract: Zhurbenko, M. P. & Brackel, W. v. 2013. Checklist of lichenicolous fungi and lichenicolous lichens of Svalbard, including new species, new records and revisions. – Herzogia 26: 323 –359. Hainesia bryonorae Zhurb. (on Bryonora castanea), Lichenochora caloplacae Zhurb. (on Caloplaca species), Sphaerellothecium epilecanora Zhurb. (on Lecanora epibryon), and Trimmatostroma cetrariae Brackel (on Cetraria is- landica) are described as new to science. Forty four species of lichenicolous fungi (Arthonia apotheciorum, A. aspicili- ae, A. epiphyscia, A. molendoi, A. pannariae, A. peltigerina, Cercidospora ochrolechiae, C. trypetheliza, C. verrucosar- ia, Dacampia engeliana, Dactylospora aeruginosa, D. frigida, Endococcus fusiger, E. sendtneri, Epibryon conductrix, Epilichen glauconigellus, Lichenochora coppinsii, L. weillii, Lichenopeltella peltigericola, L. santessonii, Lichenostigma chlaroterae, L. maureri, Llimoniella vinosa, Merismatium decolorans, M. heterophractum, Muellerella atricola, M. erratica, Pronectria erythrinella, Protothelenella croceae, Skyttella mulleri, Sphaerellothecium parmeliae, Sphaeropezia santessonii, S. thamnoliae, Stigmidium cladoniicola, S. collematis, S. frigidum, S. leucophlebiae, S. mycobilimbiae, S. pseudopeltideae, Taeniolella pertusariicola, Tremella cetrariicola, Xenonectriella lutescens, X. ornamentata,
    [Show full text]
  • Tertiary Fold-And-Thrust Belt of Spitsbergen Svalbard
    Winfried K. Dallmann • Arild Andersen • Steffen G. Bergh • Harmond D. Maher Jr. • Yoshihide Ohta Tertiary fold-and-thrust belt of Spitsbergen Svalbard ' ~dl... ,, !!~"\\ MEDDELELSER NR.128 9,.~,f OSLO 1993 k ·pOlARll'l'>'\ MEDDELELSER NR. 128 WINFRIED K. DALLMANN, ARILD ANDRESEN, STEFFEN G. BERGH, HARMON D. MAHER Jr. & YOSHIHIDE OHTA Tertiary f old-and-thrust belt of Spitsbergen Svalbard COMPILATION MAP, SUMMARY AND BIBLIOGRAPHY NORSK POLARINSTITUTT OSLO 1993 Andresen, Arild: Univ. Oslo, Institutt for geologi, Pb. 1047 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo Bergh, Steffen G.: Univ. Tromsø, Institutt for biologi og geologi, N-9037 Tromsø Dallmann, Winfried K.: Norsk Polarinstitutt, Pb. 5072 Majorstua, N-0301 Oslo Maher, Harmon D., Jr.: Univ. Nebraska, Dept. of Geography and Geology, Omaha, USA-Nebraska 68182-0199 Ohta, Yoshihide: Norsk Polarinstitutt, Pb. 5072 Majorstua, N-0301 Oslo ISBN 82-7666-065-7 Printed December 1993 Cover photo by W. K. Dallmann: Folded Triassic sandstones and shales within the interior part of the Tertiary fold-and-thrust belt at Curie­ Sklodowskafjellet, Wedel Jarlsberg Land, Svalbard. CONTENTS: Introduction 5 Map data and explanatory remarks 6 Sources, compilation and accuracy of the geological base map 7 Explanation of map elements 7 Stratigraphy 7 Structure 8 Outline of the Tertiary fold-and-thrust belt of Spitsbergen 10 Tectonic setting 10 Dimensions and directions 11 Structural subdivision and characteristics 13 Interior part of foldbelt 13 Western Basement High 15 Forlandsundet Graben 16 Central Tertiary Basin 16 Billefjorden Fault Zone 17 Lomfjorden Fault Zone 17 Structural descriptions (including explanation of cross sections) 17 Sørkapp-Hornsund area 17 Interior Wedel Jarlsberg Land/Torell Land - Bellsund 19 Western and Central Nordenskiold Land 21 Oscar li Land 22 Brøggerhalvøya 24 Billefjorden - Eastern Nordenskiold Land 24 Agardhbukta - Negribreen 25 Bibliography 29 Maps and map descriptions 29 Proceedings of symposia etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplement of Solid Earth, 12, 1025–1049, 2021 © Author(S) 2021
    Supplement of Solid Earth, 12, 1025–1049, 2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1025-2021-supplement © Author(s) 2021. CC BY 4.0 License. Supplement of Early Cenozoic Eurekan strain partitioning and decoupling in central Spitsbergen, Svalbard Jean-Baptiste P. Koehl Correspondence to: Jean-Baptiste P. Koehl ([email protected]) The copyright of individual parts of the supplement might differ from the article licence. 1 S1: (a) Photographs in non-polarized and (b) polarized light of a thick section in Devonian sandstone including fractured quartz (qz) crosscut by healed fractures (hf) showing no displacement and by quartz-rich cataclastic fault rock filled with calcite cement (upper part); (c) Photographs in non-polarized and (d) polarized light of cataclased Devonian sandstone comprised of quartz crystals showing mild undulose extinction (ue) and grainsize reduction along the subvertical, east-dipping fault in the gully under the coal mine in Pyramiden (see Figure 2 for the location of the fault). Brittle cracks incorporate clasts of quartz, and a matrix of quartz, calcite and brownish, iron-rich clay minerals. 2 S2: Uninterpreted seismic sections in Sassenfjorden–Tempelfjorden (a–f) and Reindalspasset (g). See Figure 1b for location. 3 S3: Field photograph of steeply east-dipping, partly overturned Lower Devonian dark sandstone near the bottom of the gully below the mine entrance. 4 S4: Uninterpreted field photograph of Figure 3b in Pyramiden. 5 S5: (a) Interpreted and (b) uninterpreted field photograph along the northern shore of Sassenfjorden showing uppermost Pennsylvanian–lower Permian strata of the Wordiekammen and Gipshuken formations thrusted and folded top-west by a low-angle Eurekan thrust.
    [Show full text]
  • Polish Polar Station at Hornsund (Svalbard)
    PolarPolar Research Research Department Department InstituteInstitute ofof GeophysicsGeophysics PolishPolish AcademyAcademy ofof SciencesSciences Title Piotr GŁOWACKI „Polish logistic potential at Svalbard – contribution to SIOS” (Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System) Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS) The goal of SIOS Establish an Arctic Earth Observing System in and around Svalbard that integrates the studies of geophysical, chemical, hydrological and biological processes from all research and monitoring platforms. SIOS is an opportunity for Europe to establish the central node in the global monitoring of the High Arctic. ESFRI Environmental Sciences Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS) Map of the European Arctic and the area covered by SIOS Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIAEOS SIOS) Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS) Access to Project (preparatory phase) 45 partners from 15 countrys : Norway – 24 EU – 13 (Great Britain - 3, Poland - 2, Finland - 2, Danish, France, Netherlands, Germany, Sweden and Italy) non EU – 7 (Russia - 4, China, Korea, Japan) Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System Polish activity on the Svalbard Kinnvika HonsundHonsund areaarea Polish Polar Station Photo by courtesy of the University of Leeds Hornsund area Polish vessel HORYZONT II PolishBaza Polar StationHornsund in Hornsund area PolishBaza Polar StationHornsund in Hornsund area Scientific - training vessel Horyzont II Scientific - training vessel Horyzont
    [Show full text]
  • Remote Sensing
    remote sensing Perspective SIOS’s Earth Observation (EO), Remote Sensing (RS), and Operational Activities in Response to COVID-19 Shridhar D. Jawak 1,* , Bo N. Andersen 2, Veijo A. Pohjola 3, Øystein Godøy 1,4, Christiane Hübner 1, Inger Jennings 1, Dariusz Ignatiuk 1,5 , Kim Holmén 6, Agnar Sivertsen 7, Richard Hann 8,9 , Hans Tømmervik 10 , Andreas Kääb 2, Małgorzata Błaszczyk 5 , Roberto Salzano 11 , Bartłomiej Luks 12 , Kjell Arild Høgda 7, Rune Storvold 7, Lennart Nilsen 13 , Rosamaria Salvatori 14 , Kottekkatu Padinchati Krishnan 15, Sourav Chatterjee 15 , Dag A. Lorentzen 9, Rasmus Erlandsson 10 , Tom Rune Lauknes 7,13, Eirik Malnes 7, Stein Rune Karlsen 7, Hiroyuki Enomoto 16 , Ann Mari Fjæraa 17, Jie Zhang 3, Sabine Marty 18, Knut Ove Nygård 4 and Heikki Lihavainen 1 1 Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS), SIOS Knowledge Centre, Svalbard Science Centre, P.O. Box 156, N-9171 Longyearbyen, Norway; [email protected] (Ø.G.); [email protected] (C.H.); [email protected] (I.J.); [email protected] (D.I.); [email protected] (H.L.) 2 University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1047, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; [email protected] (B.N.A.); [email protected] (A.K.) 3 Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Geocentrum, Villavägen 16, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden; [email protected] (V.A.P.); [email protected] (J.Z.) 4 Norwegian Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 43, Blindern, 0371 Oslo, Norway; [email protected] 5 Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bedzinska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; [email protected] 6 Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Spitsbergen Nordaustlandet Polhavet Barentshavet
    5°0'0"E 10°0'0"E 15°0'0"E 20°0'0"E 25°0'0"E 30°0'0"E 35°0'0"E 81°0'0"N Polhavet Prins Oscars Land Orvin Land Vesle Tavleøya Gustav V Land Nordaustlandet Karl XII-øya Phippsøya Sjuøyane Gustav Adolf Land 80°0'0"N Martensøya Parryøya Kvitøyjøkulen Waldenøya Foynøya Nordkappsundet Kvitøya Repøyane Castrénøyane 434 433 ZorgdragerfjordenDuvefjorden Snøtoppen Nordenskiöldbukta Scoresbyøya Wrighttoppen Brennevinsfjorden 432 Laponiahalvøya Damflya Lågøya Storøya Kvitøyrenna Storøysundet Botniahalvøya Sabinebukta Orvin Land 437 Rijpfjorden Prins Lady Franklinfjorden Maudbreen Oscars Franklinsundet Worsleybreen Sverdrupisen 80°0'0"N Land Andrée Land Rijpbreen Albert I Land Norskebanken Ny-Friesland Storsteinhalvøya Olav V Land Franklinbreane James I Land Oscar II Land 401 Hinlopenrenna Haakon VII Land Gustav V Moffen Celsiusberget Murchisonfjorden Land Rijpdalen Søre Russøya Vestfonna Harald V Land Mosselhalvøya Austfonna Sorgfjorden 436 Heclahuken Gotiahalvøya Nordaustlandet Harald V Land Fuglesongen Oxfordhalvøya Breibogen Bragebreen Etonbreen IdunfjelletWahlenbergfjorden 435 Amsterdamøya Reinsdyrflya 427 Raudfjorden Balberget Hartogbukta Danskøya Vasahalvøya Smeerenburgfjorden Valhallfonna 79°0'0"N Ben Nevis 428 Woodfjorden Reuschhalvøya Palanderbukta Gustav Adolf Liefdefjorden Magdalenefjorden Åsgardfonna Albert I Glitnefonna Roosfjella Wijdefjorden Land 430 431 Hoelhalvøya Scaniahalvøya Land Bockfjorden Lomfjorden Hinlopenstretet Vibehøgdene Lomfjordhalvøya Svartstupa Monacobreen 429 Seidfjellet Svartknausflya Bråsvellbreen 402 Lomfjella Vibebukta
    [Show full text]
  • Contents PART 1 Introduction PART 2 Regional
    Downloaded from http://mem.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on October 3, 2021 Contents List of figures ix 5.4 Northeastern Spitsbergen, Wilhelmoya and ..~ List of tables Xln Hinlopenstretet 77 List of photographs Xln 5.5 Southwestern Nordaustlandet 80 Preface XV 5.6 Kong Karls Land (with S. R. A. Kelly) 83 Acknowledgements xvii 5.7 Barentsoya, Edgeoya and Tusenoyane 86 Participants ixx 5.8 Hopen 91 Conventions xxi 5.9 Correlation of four exploratory wells: Edgeoya and Hopen 93 PART 1 Introduction CHAPTER 6 NORTHERN NORDAUSTLANDET 96 6.1 Early work 96 CHAPTER 1 SVALBARD 6.2 Stratal succession 96 1.1 Geographical names 3 6.3 Subjacent metamorphic complex 104 1.2 Topography and bathymetry 7 6.4 Late tectonic plutons 105 1.3 The physical environment 8 6.5 Minor igneous bodies 106 1.4 The biota 10 6.6 Summary of isotopic ages 106 1.5 Political history 11 6.7 Structure of Nordaustlandet 107 1.6 The Spitsbergen Treaty 11 6.8 The Lomonosov Ridge in relation to Nordaustlandet 108 1.7 Settlements 13 1.8 Official publications 13 CHAPTER 7 NORTHEASTERN SPITSBERGEN 110 CHAPTER 2 OUTLINE HISTORY OF GEOLOGICAL 7.1 Geological frame 110 RESEARCH 16 7.2 Younger (cover) rocks 112 2.1 Early exploration 16 7.3 Post-Permian deformation 112 2.2 1858 to 1920 16 7.4 Ny Friesland plutons 112 2.3 1920 to 1945 18 7.5 The Hecla Hoek Complex: the continuing debate 113 2.4 1946 to 1960 19 7.6 Hinlopenstretet Supergroup 116 2.5 1960 to 1975 20 7.7 Lomfj orden Supergroup 118 2.6 1975 onwards 21 7.8 Stubendorffbreen Supergroup: succession 121 7.9 Stubendorffbreen Supergroup:
    [Show full text]
  • Twenty of the Most Thermophilous Vascular Plant Species in Svalbard and Their Conservation State
    Twenty of the most thermophilous vascular plant species in Svalbard and their conservation state Torstein Engelskjøn, Leidulf Lund & Inger Greve Alsos An aim for conservation in Norway is preserving the Svalbard archi- pelago as one of the least disturbed areas in the Arctic. Information on local distribution, population sizes and ecology is summarized for 20 thermophilous vascular plant species. The need for conservation of north- ern, marginal populations in Svalbard is reviewed, using World Conser- vation Union categories and criteria at a regional scale. Thirteen species reach their northernmost distribution in Svalbard, the remaining seven in the western Arctic. Nine species have 1 - 8 populations in Svalbard and are assigned to Red List categories endangered or critically endangered: Campanula rotundifolia, Euphrasia frigida, Juncus castaneus, Kobresia simpliciuscula, Rubus chamaemorus, Alchemilla glomerulans, Ranuncu- lus wilanderi, Salix lanata and Vaccinium uliginosum, the last four spe- cies needing immediate protective measures. Five species are classifi ed as vulnerable: Betula nana, Carex marina ssp. pseudolagopina, Luzula wahlenbergii, Ranunculus arcticus and Ranunculus pallasii. Six species are considered at lower risk: Calamagrostis stricta, Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum, Hippuris vulgaris (only occurring on Bjørnøya), Juncus triglumis, Ranunculus lapponicus and Rhodiola rosea. The warmer Inner Arctic Fjord Zone of Spitsbergen supports most of the 20 target species and is of particular importance for conservation. Endan- gered or vulnerable species were found in a variety of edaphic conditions; thus, several kinds of habitats need protection. T. Engelskjøn, I. G. Alsos, Tromsø Museum, University of Tromsø, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway, torstein@ tmu.uit.no; L. Lund, Phytotron, University of Tromsø, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
    [Show full text]
  • Nasjonsrelaterte Stedsnavn På Svalbard Hvilke Nasjoner Har Satt Flest Spor Etter Seg? NOR-3920
    Nasjonsrelaterte stedsnavn på Svalbard Hvilke nasjoner har satt flest spor etter seg? NOR-3920 Oddvar M. Ulvang Mastergradsoppgave i nordisk språkvitenskap Fakultet for humaniora, samfunnsvitenskap og lærerutdanning Institutt for språkvitenskap Universitetet i Tromsø Høsten 2012 Forord I mitt tidligere liv tilbragte jeg to år som radiotelegrafist (1964-66) og ett år som stasjonssjef (1975-76) ved Isfjord Radio1 på Kapp Linné. Dette er nok bakgrunnen for at jeg valgte å skrive en masteroppgave om stedsnavn på Svalbard. Seks delemner har utgjort halve mastergradsstudiet, og noen av disse førte meg tilbake til arktiske strøk. En semesteroppgave omhandlet Norske skipsnavn2, der noen av navna var av polarskuter. En annen omhandlet Språkmøte på Svalbard3, en sosiolingvistisk studie fra Longyearbyen. Den førte meg tilbake til øygruppen, om ikke fysisk så i hvert fall mentalt. Det samme har denne masteroppgaven gjort. Jeg har også vært student ved Universitetet i Tromsø tidligere. Jeg tok min cand. philol.-grad ved Institutt for historie høsten 2000 med hovedfagsoppgaven Telekommunikasjoner på Spitsbergen 1911-1935. Jeg vil takke veilederen min, professor Gulbrand Alhaug for den flotte oppfølgingen gjennom hele prosessen med denne masteroppgaven om stedsnavn på Svalbard. Han var også min foreleser og veileder da jeg tok mellomfagstillegget i nordisk språk med oppgaven Frå Amarius til Pardis. Manns- og kvinnenavn i Alstahaug og Stamnes 1850-1900.4 Jeg takker også alle andre som på en eller annen måte har hjulpet meg i denne prosessen. Dette gjelder bl.a. Norsk Polarinstitutt, som velvillig lot meg bruke deres database med stedsnavn på Svalbard, men ikke minst vil jeg takke min kjære Anne-Marie for hennes tålmodighet gjennom hele prosessen.
    [Show full text]
  • Nazewnictwo Geograficzne Ś Wiata
    NAZEWNICTWO GEOGRAFICZNE NAZEWNICTWO GEOGRAFICZNE Ś WIATA Zeszyt 12 Ś WIATA 12. Europa – Cz WIATA 12. Europa Europa Część II ęść II IISBNSBN 9978-83-254-0825-178-83-254-0825-1 GŁÓWWNYNY UURZRZĄD GGEODEZJIEODEZJI I KKARTOGRAFIIARTOGRAFII OOkladka.inddkladka.indd 226767 66/10/10/10/10 110:13:170:13:17 PPMM KOMISJA STANDARYZACJI NAZW GEOGRAFICZNYCH POZA GRANICAMI RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ POLSKIEJ przy Głównym Geodecie Kraju NAZEWNICTWO GEOGRAFICZNE ŚWIATA Zeszyt 12 Europa Część II GŁÓWNY URZĄD GEODEZJI I KARTOGRAFII Warszawa 2010 EEuropa2.indburopa2.indb 1 66/10/10/10/10 9:49:219:49:21 PPMM KOMISJA STANDARYZACJI NAZW GEOGRAFICZNYCH POZA GRANICAMI RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ POLSKIEJ przy Głównym Geodecie Kraju Waldemar Rudnicki (przewodniczący), Andrzej Markowski (zastępca przewodniczącego), Maciej Zych (zastępca przewodniczącego), Katarzyna Przyszewska (sekretarz); członkowie: Stanisław Alexandrowicz, Andrzej Czerny, Janusz Danecki, Janusz Gołaski, Romuald Huszcza, Sabina Kacieszczenko, Dariusz Kalisiewicz, Artur Karp, Zbigniew Obidowski , Jerzy Ostrowski, Jarosław Pietrow, Jerzy Pietruszka, Andrzej Pisowicz, Bogumiła Więcław, Ewa Wolnicz-Pawłowska, Bogusław R. Zagórski Opracowanie Elżbieta Chudorlińska (Belgia, Holandia, Irlandia, Szwajcaria, Szwecja, Wielka Brytania), Andrzej Czerny (Austria, Niemcy), Jarosław Pietrow (Dania, Finlandia, Islandia, Norwegia, Szwecja), Agnieszka Pietrzak (Hiszpania, Malta, Portugalia, Włochy), Maksymilian Skotnicki (Francja), Maciej Zych (Andora, Francja, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Holandia, Jan Mayen, Jersey, Liechtenstein, Luksemburg,
    [Show full text]
  • The Geology of Svalbard
    The Geology of Svalbard By W. BRIAN HARLAND (University of Cambridge, UK) Assisted by LESTER M. ANDERSON and DAOUD MANASRAH (CASP, UK) With contributions by NICHOLAS J. BUTTERFIELD (University of Cambridge, UK) ANTHONY CHALLINOR (deceased formerly University of Cambridge, UK) PAUL A. DOUBLEDAY (CASP, UK) EVELYN K. DOWDESWELL (University of Aberystwyth, UK) JULIAN A. DOWDESWELL (University of Aberystwyth, UK) ISOBEL GEDDES (CASP, UK) SIMON R. A. KELLY (CASP, UK) EDA L. LESK (CASP, UK) ANTHONY M. SPENCER (Statoil, Norway) CLARE F. STEPHENS (CASP, UK) Memoir 17 1997 Published by The Geological Society London Contents List of figures ix 5.4 Northeastern Spitsbergen, Wilhelmoya and List of tables xiii Hinlopenstretet 77 List of photographs xiii 5.5 Southwestern Nordaustlandet 80 Preface xv 5.6 Kong Karls Land (with S. R. A. Kelly) 83 Acknowledgements xvii 5.7 Barents0ya, Edge0ya and Tusen0yane 86 Participants ixx 5.8 Hopen 91 Conventions xxi 5.9 Correlation of four exploratory wells: Edge0ya and Hopen 93 PART 1 Introduction CHAPTER 6 NORTHERN NORDAUSTLANDET 96 6.1 Early work 96 CHAPTER 1 SVALBARD 6.2 Stratal succession 96 1.1 Geographical names 3 6.3 Subjacent metamorphic complex 104 1.2 Topography and bathymetry 7 6.4 Late tectonic plutons 105 1.3 The physical environment 8 6.5 Minor igneous bodies 106 1.4 The biota 10 6.6 Summary of isotopic ages 106 1.5 Political history 11 6.7 Structure of Nordaustlandet 107 1.6 The Spitsbergen Treaty 11 6.8 The Lomonosov Ridge in relation to Nordaustlandet 108 1.7 Settlements 13 1.8 Official publications
    [Show full text]
  • Ground-Penetrating Radar Studies in Svalbard Aimed to the Calculation of the Ice Volume of Its Glaciers
    ISSN 0211-6820 Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica 2016 Nº 42 (2) pp. 399-414 EISSN 1697-9540 DOI: 10.18172/cig.2929 © Universidad de La Rioja GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR STUDIES IN SVALBARD AIMED TO THE CALCULATION OF THE ICE VOLUME OF ITS GLACIERS F. J. NAVARRO1*, J. LAPAZARAN1, A. MARTÍN-ESPAÑOL2,1, J. OTERO1 1Departamento de Matemática Aplicada a las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain. 2School of Geographical Sciences, Bristol University, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT. During the period 1999-2014, the Group of Numerical Simulation in Sciences and Engineering of Universidad Politécnica de Madrid carried out many ground-penetrating radar campaigns in Svalbard, aimed to the study of glacier ice-thickness and the physical properties of glacier ice. The regions covered were Nordenskiöld Land, Wedel Jarlsberg Land, Sabine Land and Nordaustlandet. We here present a review of these works, focused on the aspects related to the estimate of the volume of individual glaciers and its extrapolation to the entire set of Svalbard glaciers, for which the authors estimate a total volume of 6700±835 km3, or 17±2 mm in sea-level equivalent. Estudios de georradar en Svalbard orientados al cálculo del volumen de hielo de sus glaciares RESUMEN. Durante el periodo 1999-2014, el grupo de Simulación Numérica en Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid llevó a cabo numerosas campañas de georradar en Svalbard orientadas al estudio del espesor y las propiedades físicas del hielo de sus glaciares. Las regiones cubiertas abar- caron Nordenskiöld Land, Wedel Jarlsberg Land, Sabine Land y Nordaustlandet.
    [Show full text]