DOCSLIB.ORG

Crassula Peduncularis and C. Saginoides (Crassulaceae), Newly Naturalized in Japan, and Their Genetic Differences from C

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Crassula Peduncularis and C. Saginoides (Crassulaceae), Newly Naturalized in Japan, and Their Genetic Differences from C ISSN 1346-7565 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 70 (2): 119–127 (2019) doi: 10.18942/apg.201818 Crassula peduncularis and C. saginoides (Crassulaceae), Newly Naturalized in Japan, and their Genetic Differences from C. aquatica 1,* 2 3 3 Shinji Fujii , TadaShi YamaShiro , Sachiko horie and maSaYuki maki 1Department of Environmental Science, University of Human Environments, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-3505, Japan. * [email protected] (author for correspondence); 2Division of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan; 3Botanical Gardens, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0862, Japan Recently, we found two species of Crassula newly introduced into central Japan. Based on their mor- phology, we identified them asCrassula peduncularis and C. saginoides, native to the New World. They closely resemble C. aquatica, which is indigenous to Japan. Here, we describe the morphological distinc- tions among the three species in detail. In addition, we examined genetic differences among the three species based on sequence variations in the nuclear ribosomal ITS region and three chloroplast inter- genic regions. Although C. saginoides was considered to be an inland form of C. aquatica and had been treated as a synonym of C. aquatica, the degree of genetic differentiation was relatively large, suggesting that these two taxa should be considered to be independent species. Key words: Crassula aquatica, Crassula peduncularis, Crassula saginoides, genetic differentiation, morphology, naturalized Crassula L. (Crassulaceae) is a large genus of guished from C. aquatica by the pedicels of the mostly terrestrial succulent plants, but also con- former that tend to elongate in fruit while those of tains annual, aquatic or semi-aquatic species the latter remain less than 1 mm long. Crassula with a worldwide distribution. In Japan, only C. solieri differs from C. aquatica also has elongat- aquatica is indigenous (Ohba 2001), but Crassula ed pedicels in fruit, as in C. saginoides, but is tillaea Lester-Garland (Tillaea muscosa L.), unique in the smooth, shiny surface cells of the which is native to Europe, was recently recorded seeds. Moran (1994, 2009), however, considered (Katsuyama et al. 2005). Although some species C. saginoides to be only an inland phenotype of of Crassula, such as C. aquatica and C. tillaea, C. aquatica, under which he treated it as a syn- have been treated as species of the genus Tillaea onym. (e.g., Borisova 1939, Kunjun 2001, Ohba 2001, In 2015, one of us (Fujii) discovered plants of Katsuyama et al. 2005), a recent molecular phylo- Crassula on Honshu that had not been reported genetic study indicated that Tillaea was polyphy- previously from Japan. Although they were simi- letically embedded within Crassula and was in- lar to C. aquatica, we found differences between cluded within Crassula by Mort et al. (2009). In them in certain morphological traits. Hereafter, revising Crassula in the New World, Bywater & we refer to the unknowns as “C. aquatica-like Wickens (1984) pointed out that C. saginoides plants.” In this study, we examined the morphol- (Maxim.) Bywater & Wickens and C. solieri ogy of “C. aquatica-like plant,” and sequenced (Gay) Meigen are morphologically similar to C. the nuclear ribosomal ITS (nrITS) region and aquatica. Crassula saginoides can be distin- three chloroplast intergenic regions to compare 120 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 70 with Crassula aquatica. Based on morphological μM of each of the two primers, 0.1 mM of each and genetic studies we clarified the identity of the dNTP, 10 mM Tris–HCl (pH 8.3), 50 mM KCl, 2 C. aquatica-like plants. mM MgCl2, and 0.25 U of Taq polymerase (Am- plicon Inc., Irvine, CA). The reactions for all four regions were initiated with initial denaturation at Materials and Methods 95 °C for 5 minutes followed by 30 cycles of 95 °C for 30 s, 55 °C for 30 s, and 72 °C for 60 s, and Morphological observations a final extension at 72 °C for 10 minutes on an Plants collected in the field and deposited in ABI GeneAmp 9700 thermal cycler (Applied herbaria were examined for morphological char- Biosystems, Foster City, CA). The purified PCR acteristics and for details of their collection (loca- products were sequenced using a BigDye termi- tion and year of collection). Field surveys to lo- nator v.3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit (Applied Bio- cate additional plants were conducted throughout systems) on an ABI 3100 Genetic Analyzer (Ap- Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, plied Biosystems). The sequences were aligned and specimens in the herbaria: INM, KYO, with BioEdit v.7.0.5 (Hall 1999). A haplotype net- MAK, OSA, TI, TNS, TUS, Gunma Museum of work based on mutational steps in three chloro- Natural History, the herbarium of Niigata City. plast gene regions was created using TCS 1.21 (Clement et al. 2000) to evaluate possible genetic Seed morphology using scanning electron mi- relationships among haplotypes under the 95% croscopy statistical parsimony criterion. All sequences The seed coats of the Crassula aquatica-like newly determined here were deposited in Gen- plants (populations ZYO and KDZ in Table 1) Bank (DDBJ). and of C. aquatica (populations SZK and TBS in Table 1) were examined using a JSM-6010PLUS/ LA scanning electron microscope (SEM; JEOL, Results and Discussion Tokyo, Japan) in low vacuum mode (50 Pa) at 10 kV. Morphological observations Crassula aquatica and the C. aquatica-like DNA sequencing plants were erect, up to 7 cm tall, had branched For DNA sequencing, one individual per pop- stems (unbranched in small plants); leaves 1.5–7 ulation from three populations of the Crassula mm long, solitary flowers, four petals and acute, aquatica-like plants and nine populations of the many-seeded carpels. We distinguished three native C. aquatica (Table 1) were examined. types (I, II and III) based on morphological fea- Whole plants were collected and placed in plastic tures. Type I plants, which occurred throughout bags with a zip fastener and refrigerated until Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, DNA extraction. Fig. 3A), were green in the spring fruiting season, We sequenced the nrITS regions and three had obtuse (or sometimes acute) leaves, fruiting chloroplast gene regions: trnHGUG-psbA, trnCGCA- capsules sessile or subsessile, carpels ascending rpoB, and 3’trnVUAC-ndhC. The primer pairs fol- or almost patent (or sometimes erect) at maturity lowed White et al. (1990) for nrITS, Shaw et al. (Fig. 1A) and rugulose-striate seed surface (Fig. (2005) for trnHGUG-psbA and trnCGCA-rpoB, and 2A). These features are characteristic of C. aquat- Shaw et al. (2007) for 3’trnVUAC-ndhC. Total DNA ica. was extracted from a shoot of each sample ac- The type II plants, found only in the Kinki cording to the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide District, Honshu (Fig. 3B), were often purple dur- (CTAB) method of Doyle & Doyle (1990). PCR ing the spring fruiting season, the leaves were amplifications were conducted in a final volume acute, the capsules were sessile or on pedicels to of 10 μl using 10–20 ng of template DNA, 0.15 15 mm long (varying even within the same plant, June 2019 Fujii & al. – Taxonomy of Exotic Crassula in Japan 121 Table 1. Populations examined in molecular phylogenetic analyses. Population Geographic 1) 2) Locality Voucher (herbarium acronym) Ribotype Chlorotype code coordinate TYPE I (Crassula aquatica) Fujii 17198 BHR Onsui pond, Bihoro, Hokkaido 43.787, 144.163 B B (KYO, MAK, TNS, TUS) Uchi-numa, Kurihara, Sugiyama, Kasai & Emi 8558 UCN 38.713, 141.082 A A Miyagi Pref. (TUS) Morinji, Tatebayashi, 3) TBS 36.226, 139.529 Aoki 17337 (GMNH ) B B Gunma Pref. Otama pond, Hakone, HKN 35.206, 139.041 Fujii 16999 (KYO, TUS) B B Kanagawa Pref. Nishikan-ku, Niigata, NGT 37.748, 138.890 Fujii 13969 (KYO, OSA) B B Niigata Pref. Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, SZK 35.014, 138.394 Fujii 17354 (KYO, OSA, TUS) B B Shizuoka Pref. HMJ Shigo, Himeji, Hyogo Pref. 34.815, 134.711 Fujii 16991 (KYO) A A MIE Sugari, Owase, Mie Pref. 34.094, 136.295 Fujii & Yamamoto 13206 (OSA) B B Fujii 16735 TOK Ohtsu, Naruto, Tokushima Pref. 34.161, 134.580 B B (KYO, MAK, TNS, TUS) TYPE II (Crassula peduncularis) Uji (Yodo) River, Yawata, Fujii 16952 YOD 34.894, 135.700 C C Kyoto Pref. (KYO, OSA, TNS, TUS) Fujii 16951 ZYO Tomino, Zyoyo, Kyoto Pref. 34.859, 135.774 C C (KYO, OSA, TNS, TUS) TYPE III (Crassula saginoides) Fujii & Maki 17313 KDZ Kiso River, Kaidzu, Gifu Pref. 35.233, 136.675 C D (KYO, OSA, TNS, TUS) 1) See Table 3. 2) See Table 4. 3) Gunma Museum of Natural History. with pedicel usually longest on the lower portion roplast gene regions, while type I had an indel of the shoot), carpels erect at maturity (Fig. 1B), variation among populations in 224–281 bp (Ta- each cell of the striate seed surface with 2–5 pa- bles 1 & 3). Figure 4 shows the TCS haplotype pillae (Fig. 2B). network based on mutations in the chloroplast The type III plants, found only at one locality gene regions, indicating a genetic gap between (KDZ) along the Kiso River in Honshu (Fig. 3B), types I, II and III, and also between types II and were similar to the type II plants in color, leaves III. The genetic evidence supports the recogni- and carpels, but differed in that the fruiting cap- tion of the three taxa in spite of their similar mor- sules were usually sessile or sometimes on pedi- phology. Because of a general lack of good mor- cels to 15 mm long (Fig. 1C) and the seeds were phological characters for distinguishing among striate-rugulose but lacked the papillae (Fig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Photosynthetic Pathways in Aquatic Plants
    _31_0_________________ NEWSANDVIEWS-----------N_A_ru_RE_v_oL_.304_28_JU_Lv_1983 are required for splicing at a downstream recognition that could apply, if only in plants found in a variety of pools and lakes, A-G. It will be interesting to see whether altered form, to higher organisms. D ranging from oligotrophic to eutrophic, this analogy will extend further. One diffi­ and have found only two species which culty is that A-G has been seen at positions S.M. Mount is in the Department ofMolecular showed overnight accumulation of acids. -5, -4 in two vertebrate intronsll,14 . Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University These are Crassula aquatica, a plant of the School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New A second possibility, advocated by Haven, Connecticut 06510. margins of temporary ponds, and the Rosbash's laboratory, is that UACUAAC, shoreweed, Littorella uniflora, found present in the mRNA precursor, plays a I. Langford, C. &Gallwitz, D. Ce//33, 519 (1983). mainly along the gravelly edges of nutrient­ part in 5' splice-site recognition. They have 2. Ng, R. & Abelson, J. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, poor lakes with fluctuating water levels. 3912 (1980). The authors interpreted their results as sup­ observed that UACUAAC is itself a site of 3. Gallwitz, D. &Sures, I. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 11, cleavage. In trying to understand this result 2546 (1980). port for the hypothesis that aquatic plants 4. Teem, J.L.& Rosbash, M. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. can increase their efficiency of carbon they noticed that the 5' end of the Ul RNA, 80 (in the press).
    [Show full text]
  • Illustrated Flora of East Texas Illustrated Flora of East Texas
    ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS IS PUBLISHED WITH THE SUPPORT OF: MAJOR BENEFACTORS: DAVID GIBSON AND WILL CRENSHAW DISCOVERY FUND U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE FOUNDATION (NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, USDA FOREST SERVICE) TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT SCOTT AND STUART GENTLING BENEFACTORS: NEW DOROTHEA L. LEONHARDT FOUNDATION (ANDREA C. HARKINS) TEMPLE-INLAND FOUNDATION SUMMERLEE FOUNDATION AMON G. CARTER FOUNDATION ROBERT J. O’KENNON PEG & BEN KEITH DORA & GORDON SYLVESTER DAVID & SUE NIVENS NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY OF TEXAS DAVID & MARGARET BAMBERGER GORDON MAY & KAREN WILLIAMSON JACOB & TERESE HERSHEY FOUNDATION INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT: AUSTIN COLLEGE BOTANICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TEXAS SID RICHARDSON CAREER DEVELOPMENT FUND OF AUSTIN COLLEGE II OTHER CONTRIBUTORS: ALLDREDGE, LINDA & JACK HOLLEMAN, W.B. PETRUS, ELAINE J. BATTERBAE, SUSAN ROBERTS HOLT, JEAN & DUNCAN PRITCHETT, MARY H. BECK, NELL HUBER, MARY MAUD PRICE, DIANE BECKELMAN, SARA HUDSON, JIM & YONIE PRUESS, WARREN W. BENDER, LYNNE HULTMARK, GORDON & SARAH ROACH, ELIZABETH M. & ALLEN BIBB, NATHAN & BETTIE HUSTON, MELIA ROEBUCK, RICK & VICKI BOSWORTH, TONY JACOBS, BONNIE & LOUIS ROGNLIE, GLORIA & ERIC BOTTONE, LAURA BURKS JAMES, ROI & DEANNA ROUSH, LUCY BROWN, LARRY E. JEFFORDS, RUSSELL M. ROWE, BRIAN BRUSER, III, MR. & MRS. HENRY JOHN, SUE & PHIL ROZELL, JIMMY BURT, HELEN W. JONES, MARY LOU SANDLIN, MIKE CAMPBELL, KATHERINE & CHARLES KAHLE, GAIL SANDLIN, MR. & MRS. WILLIAM CARR, WILLIAM R. KARGES, JOANN SATTERWHITE, BEN CLARY, KAREN KEITH, ELIZABETH & ERIC SCHOENFELD, CARL COCHRAN, JOYCE LANEY, ELEANOR W. SCHULTZE, BETTY DAHLBERG, WALTER G. LAUGHLIN, DR. JAMES E. SCHULZE, PETER & HELEN DALLAS CHAPTER-NPSOT LECHE, BEVERLY SENNHAUSER, KELLY S. DAMEWOOD, LOGAN & ELEANOR LEWIS, PATRICIA SERLING, STEVEN DAMUTH, STEVEN LIGGIO, JOE SHANNON, LEILA HOUSEMAN DAVIS, ELLEN D.
    [Show full text]
  • Baja California, Mexico, and a Vegetation Map of Colonet Mesa Alan B
    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 29 | Issue 1 Article 4 2011 Plants of the Colonet Region, Baja California, Mexico, and a Vegetation Map of Colonet Mesa Alan B. Harper Terra Peninsular, Coronado, California Sula Vanderplank Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California Mark Dodero Recon Environmental Inc., San Diego, California Sergio Mata Terra Peninsular, Coronado, California Jorge Ochoa Long Beach City College, Long Beach, California Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Botany Commons, and the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Harper, Alan B.; Vanderplank, Sula; Dodero, Mark; Mata, Sergio; and Ochoa, Jorge (2011) "Plants of the Colonet Region, Baja California, Mexico, and a Vegetation Map of Colonet Mesa," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 29: Iss. 1, Article 4. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol29/iss1/4 Aliso, 29(1), pp. 25–42 ’ 2011, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden PLANTS OF THE COLONET REGION, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO, AND A VEGETATION MAPOF COLONET MESA ALAN B. HARPER,1 SULA VANDERPLANK,2 MARK DODERO,3 SERGIO MATA,1 AND JORGE OCHOA4 1Terra Peninsular, A.C., PMB 189003, Suite 88, Coronado, California 92178, USA ([email protected]); 2Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, 1500 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, USA; 3Recon Environmental Inc., 1927 Fifth Avenue, San Diego, California 92101, USA; 4Long Beach City College, 1305 East Pacific Coast Highway, Long Beach, California 90806, USA ABSTRACT The Colonet region is located at the southern end of the California Floristic Province, in an area known to have the highest plant diversity in Baja California.
    [Show full text]
  • Shore Pygmy-Weed, Crassula Aquatica
    Natural Heritage Shore Pygmy-weed & Endangered Species Crassula aquatica L. Program www.mass.gov/nhesp State Status: Threatened Federal Status: None Massachusetts Division of Fisheries & Wildlife GENERAL DESCRIPTION: Shore Pygmy-weed (Crassula aquatica) is a tiny, annual, fleshy herbaceous aquatic plant that grows on coastal or freshwater shores. A member of the Stonecrop family (Crassulaceae), these plants have tiny, single white flowers that appear in leaf axils from July through September. These inconspicuous plants grow either in low-spreading, sprawling mats on mud flats or elongated and partially submerged in water. AIDS TO IDENTIFICATION: Shore Pygmy-weed’s slender stems arise from the plant’s base, then branch and curve upward (to 2-6 mm high in its low form and up to 10 cm in its elongated form). The leaves are fleshy, entire, and linear (2-7 mm long). They are arranged oppositely on the stem, and are not merely sessile, but actually join at the stem to form a boat-shaped cup at the point of attachment. Inconspicuous white or greenish- Holmgren, Noel H. 1998. The Illustrated Companion to Gleason and white flowers (1 mm wide) emerge singly from the leaf Cronquist’s Manual. New York Botanical Garden. axils on short stalks. Each flower has (usually) four narrow petals. Flower stalks elongate as the fruits mature into follicles containing 8 to 10 seeds. Minute, brown, SIMILAR SPECIES: Other small, low-growing shore oblong-shaped seeds have pits between striated lines on plants with tiny opposite leaves that could be confused their surfaces that can be seen under magnification.
    [Show full text]
  • Seamboth-Introduction to Marine Species of the Northern Bothnian
    Introduction to marine species of the northern Bothnian Bay Nord Europeiska regionala utvecklingsfonden EUROPEISKA UNIONEN Preface This booklet was developed during the SEAmBOTH project. A project in which partners from Sweden and Finland mapped the sea floor and marine life of the northern Bothnian Bay in order to produce marine maps over the area. This introduction to marine species in the northern Bothnian Bay was made with the purpose of giving an easy, first glimpse into the underwater world of plants in the area. It also provides guidance to where different plants might be found and highlight their functions within the ecosystem. We hope the booklet will give you a better understanding of the incredible nature below the surface and inspire further reading, investigation, and exploration of it and its inhabitants. The SEAmBOTH project was funded by Interreg Nord and cofounded by the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management and Lapin liitto. The project was coordinated by Metsähallitus, while other partners were the County Administrative Board of Norrbotten, Geological Survey of Sweden, Geological Survey of Finland, Centre for Econo- mic Development, Transport and the Environment (North Ostrobothnia and Lapland), and the Finnish Environment Institute. The project started on May 1st, 2017 and finished on April 30th, 2020. Red list categories RE: Regionally Extinct CR: Critically Endangered EN: Endangered VU: Vulnerable NT: Near Threatened LC: Least Concern DD: Data Deficient Threatened species = CR, EN, VU Species are categorized in accordance with the most recent red list (2019). Please check the most recent version regularly. 2 Contents Preface 2 Vascular Plants Bottom Rosettes 5 Alisma wahlenbergii / Baltic water-plantain / Småsvalting / Upossarpio 6 Crassula aquatica / Water pygmyweed / Fyrling / Paunikko 7 Isoëtes sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plants of Santa Cruz County, California
    ANNOTATED CHECKLIST of the VASCULAR PLANTS of SANTA CRUZ COUNTY, CALIFORNIA SECOND EDITION Dylan Neubauer Artwork by Tim Hyland & Maps by Ben Pease CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY, SANTA CRUZ COUNTY CHAPTER Copyright © 2013 by Dylan Neubauer All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without written permission from the author. Design & Production by Dylan Neubauer Artwork by Tim Hyland Maps by Ben Pease, Pease Press Cartography (peasepress.com) Cover photos (Eschscholzia californica & Big Willow Gulch, Swanton) by Dylan Neubauer California Native Plant Society Santa Cruz County Chapter P.O. Box 1622 Santa Cruz, CA 95061 To order, please go to www.cruzcps.org For other correspondence, write to Dylan Neubauer [email protected] ISBN: 978-0-615-85493-9 Printed on recycled paper by Community Printers, Santa Cruz, CA For Tim Forsell, who appreciates the tiny ones ... Nobody sees a flower, really— it is so small— we haven’t time, and to see takes time, like to have a friend takes time. —GEORGIA O’KEEFFE CONTENTS ~ u Acknowledgments / 1 u Santa Cruz County Map / 2–3 u Introduction / 4 u Checklist Conventions / 8 u Floristic Regions Map / 12 u Checklist Format, Checklist Symbols, & Region Codes / 13 u Checklist Lycophytes / 14 Ferns / 14 Gymnosperms / 15 Nymphaeales / 16 Magnoliids / 16 Ceratophyllales / 16 Eudicots / 16 Monocots / 61 u Appendices 1. Listed Taxa / 76 2. Endemic Taxa / 78 3. Taxa Extirpated in County / 79 4. Taxa Not Currently Recognized / 80 5. Undescribed Taxa / 82 6. Most Invasive Non-native Taxa / 83 7. Rejected Taxa / 84 8. Notes / 86 u References / 152 u Index to Families & Genera / 154 u Floristic Regions Map with USGS Quad Overlay / 166 “True science teaches, above all, to doubt and be ignorant.” —MIGUEL DE UNAMUNO 1 ~ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ~ ANY THANKS TO THE GENEROUS DONORS without whom this publication would not M have been possible—and to the numerous individuals, organizations, insti- tutions, and agencies that so willingly gave of their time and expertise.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of San Diego County 5Th Edition
    cHeckliSt of tHe vaScUlaR PlaNtS of SaN DieGo coUNty 5th edition Pinus torreyana subsp. torreyana Downingia concolor var. brevior Thermopsis californica var. semota Pogogyne abramsii Hulsea californica Cylindropuntia fosbergii Dudleya brevifolia Chorizanthe orcuttiana Astragalus deanei by Jon P. Rebman and Michael G. Simpson San Diego Natural History Museum and San Diego State University examples of checklist taxa: SPecieS SPecieS iNfRaSPecieS iNfRaSPecieS NaMe aUtHoR RaNk & NaMe aUtHoR Eriodictyon trichocalyx A. Heller var. lanatum (Brand) Jepson {SD 135251} [E. t. subsp. l. (Brand) Munz] Hairy yerba Santa SyNoNyM SyMBol foR NoN-NATIVE, NATURaliZeD PlaNt *Erodium cicutarium (L.) Aiton {SD 122398} red-Stem Filaree/StorkSbill HeRBaRiUM SPeciMeN coMMoN DocUMeNTATION NaMe SyMBol foR PlaNt Not liSteD iN THE JEPSON MANUAL †Rhus aromatica Aiton var. simplicifolia (Greene) Conquist {SD 118139} Single-leaF SkunkbruSH SyMBol foR StRict eNDeMic TO SaN DieGo coUNty §§Dudleya brevifolia (Moran) Moran {SD 130030} SHort-leaF dudleya [D. blochmaniae (Eastw.) Moran subsp. brevifolia Moran] 1B.1 S1.1 G2t1 ce SyMBol foR NeaR eNDeMic TO SaN DieGo coUNty §Nolina interrata Gentry {SD 79876} deHeSa nolina 1B.1 S2 G2 ce eNviRoNMeNTAL liStiNG SyMBol foR MiSiDeNtifieD PlaNt, Not occURRiNG iN coUNty (Note: this symbol used in appendix 1 only.) ?Cirsium brevistylum Cronq. indian tHiStle i checklist of the vascular plants of san Diego county 5th edition by Jon p. rebman and Michael g. simpson san Diego natural history Museum and san Diego state university publication of: san Diego natural history Museum san Diego, california ii Copyright © 2014 by Jon P. Rebman and Michael G. Simpson Fifth edition 2014. isBn 0-918969-08-5 Copyright © 2006 by Jon P.
    [Show full text]
  • Kenai Fjords National Park Vascular Plant Inventory Final Technical Report
    KENAI FJORDS NATIONAL PARK VASCULAR PLANT INVENTORY KENAI FJORDS NATIONAL PARK VASCULAR PLANT INVENTORY FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT Matthew L. Carlson, Robert Lipkin, Michelle Sturdy, & Julie A. Michaelson Alaska Natural Heritage Program Environment and Natural Resources Institute University of Alaska Anchorage 707 A Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 National Park Service Southwest Alaska Network Inventory & Monitoring Program NPS Report: NPS/AKR/SWAN/NRTR-2004/02 December 2004 Cooperative Agreement No. 1443CA991000013 Funding Source: National Park Service, Inventory & Monitoring Program i KENAI FJORDS NATIONAL PARK VASCULAR PLANT INVENTORY ii KENAI FJORDS NATIONAL PARK VASCULAR PLANT INVENTORY ABSTRACT In 2003 the Alaska Natural Heritage Program (AKNHP) conducted vascular plant field inventories in Kenai Fjords National Park in accordance with a cooperative agreement with the National Park Service. The primary goal was to document greater than 90% of the vascular plant species expected to occur within the Park and significantly improve our understanding of current species distributions. The inventory targeted diverse habitat types and poorly-sampled areas. The AKNHP staff visited the primary ecogeographic regions and sampled intensively within these regions from early July to early August, 2003. A total of 561 specimens were collected, recorded, and pressed. Duplicate or triplicate sheets are present for many of the specimens. Three hundred twelve (312) unique taxa are represented, and 201 are new records for the Park. Prior to 2003, 217 taxa were known from an estimated expected total of 543. Thus, ca. 40% of the expected taxa were previously known. After the 2003 field season, the number of known taxa nearly doubled to 418. This represents 77% of vascular plant taxa expected in the Park.
    [Show full text]
  • HELCOM Red List
    SPECIES INFORMATION SHEET Crassula aquatica English name: Scientific name: Water pygmyweed Crassula aquatica Taxonomical group: Species authority: Class: Magnoliopsida ( L. ) Schönland Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Subspecies, Variations, Synonyms: Tillaea Generation length: 1 year aquatica L. Past and current threats (Habitats Directive Future threats (Habitats Directive article 17 article 17 codes): Overgrowth of open areas codes): Overgrowth of open areas (shores and (shores and shallow waters) (A04.03, K04.01), shallow waters) (A04.03, K04.01), Eutrophication Eutrophication (H01.05), Construction (D01, (H01.05), Construction (D01, D03, J02.02.02) D03, J02.02.02) IUCN Criteria: HELCOM Red List NT B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v)c(iv) Category: Near Threatened Global / European IUCN Red List Category Habitats Directive: – NE / DD Protection and Red List status in HELCOM countries: Denmark –/–, Estonia –/RE, Finland –/VU, Germany –/–(in freshwaters: EX (0)), Latvia –/–, Lithuania – /–, Poland –/–, Russia –/VU, Sweden –/NT Distribution and status in the Baltic Sea region This species occurs scattered over Eurasia and North America. According to the Atlas Florae Europaeae (Jalas et al. 1999), the European distribution area of Crassula aquatica is clearly concentrated in Finland, Sweden and Russia. Within the Baltic Sea region the species occurs frequently in coastal waters. In Finland Crassula aquatica occurs in most of the country (Ryttäri et al. 2012), both in slightly brackish and freshwaters. In Sweden the species can be found along the
    [Show full text]
  • University of Copenhagen, Helsingørsgade 51, 3400 Hillerød, Denmark a Small Patch of Glossostigma Sp
    Vernal Rock Pools nature’s own nano aquaria Pedersen, Ole; Pulido Pérez, Cristina; Nicol, Dion; Winkel, Anders; Tuckett, Renee Published in: Aquatic Gardener Publication date: 2009 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (APA): Pedersen, O., Pulido Pérez, C., Nicol, D., Winkel, A., & Tuckett, R. (2009). Vernal Rock Pools: nature’s own nano aquaria. Aquatic Gardener, 22(4), 34-43. Download date: 07. Apr. 2020 Vernal Rock Pools nature’s own nano aquaria Ole Pedersen1, 2, Cristina Pulido1, 2, Dion Nicol2 Anders Winkel1 & Renee Tuckett2, 3 Photos by Ole Pedersen. Vernal rock pools host some of the South Africa and Australia) with the smallest and prettiest aquatic plants. Californian vernal pools being the most These rock pools may contain as little as well-described of them all (Keeley & 40 l (11 gal.) of water and yet host up to Zedler 1998). five or more species of aquatic plants. Vernal pools fill during periods The plants typically have to complete when precipitation exceeds evapora- their entire life cycle in four months as tion. In Western Australia, this typically the pools dry out and turn into a desert happens from May to August. The long until the winter rain fills them again. term average annual rainfall in the area These vernal pools also host a unique around Mukinbudin (300 km north east fauna that need similar adaptations to of Perth) is about 286 mm (12"), though periods of complete desiccation (drying this is highly variable. This will fill out) and high temperatures. Here we the vernal pools found on the granite Vernal pools on granite outcrops near Mukinbudin, Western Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Pinnacles Vascular Plant List
    Pinnacles Vascular Plant List nomenclature follows Baldwin et al, 2012 Pinnacles Vascular Plant List Lycophytes SELAGINELLACEAE Selaginella bigelovii Spike Moss Native Ferns AZOLLACEAE Azolla filiculoides Mosquito Fern Native BLECHNACEAE Woodwardia fimbriata Western Chain Fern Native DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Bracken Fern Native DRYOPTERIDACEAE Dryopteris arguta Coastal Wood Fern Native Polystichum imbricans ssp. curtum Sword Fern Native EQUISETACEAE Equisetum telmateia ssp. braunii Giant Horsetail Native POLYPODIACEAE Polypodium californicum California Polypody Native Polypodium calirhiza Licorice Fern Native PTERIDACEAE Adiantum jordanii California Maidenhair Fern Native Aspidotis californica California Lace Fern Native Cheilanthes covillei Coville's Lipfern Native Cheilanthes intertexta Coast Lip Fern Native Pellaea andromedifolia Coffee Fern Native Pellaea mucronata var. mucronata Bird's-foot Fern Native Pentagramma pallida Silverback Fern Native Pentagramma triangularis ssp. triangularis Goldback Fern Native WOODSIACEAE Cystopteris fragilis Fragile Fern Native Gymnosperms CUPRESSACEAE Juniperus californica California Juniper Native PINACEAE Pinus sabiniana Gray Pine Native Magnoliids LAURACEAE Umbellularia californica California Bay Native Eudicots ADOXACEAE Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea Blue Elderberry Native Page 1 of 18 Pinnacles Vascular Plant List Eudicots AMARANTHACEAE Amaranthus albus Tumbleweed Alien Amaranthus blitoides Prostrate Amaranth Native Amaranthus californicus California Amaranth Native Amaranthus
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Survey
    VVaassccuullaarr PPllaanntt SSuurrvveeyy VVooyyaaggeeuurrss NNaattiioonnaall PPaarrkk Prepared for: The Great Lakes Network Inventory and Monitoring Program Prepared by: Allan Harris Robert Foster November 2003 Potential Flora of Voyageurs National Park ________________________________________________________________________ Abstract In 2003 we conducted surveys for vascular plant species in Voyageurs National Park. Twenty new plant species were discovered for the park and the status for two others was revised. We estimate that 72% to 81% of the “potential flora” (plant species known to occur in the park plus those expected to occur) is known from the park. This is a slight increase from the 71% – 79% previous estimated. Georeferenced locations of new and significant species are provided, as is a revised checklist of the vascular plants of Voyageurs National Park. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Northern Bioscience Page 1 October 2003 Potential Flora of Voyageurs National Park ________________________________________________________________________ Introduction Harris and Foster (2003) estimated the “potential flora” (plant species known to occur in the park plus those expected to occur) of Voyageurs National Park at 934 to 1045 species, of which 740 were satisfactory reported from the park. The National Park Service’s goal is to verify >90% of all plants expected to occur in the park area. In 2003, the Great Lakes Network Inventory and Monitoring Program funded fieldwork to increase the proportion of known species. Methods We checked fens, cliffs, prairie-like openings, shorelines and roadsides for plant species expected to occur in Voyageurs National Park based on Harris and Foster (2003). Fieldwork was completed June 23 – 25, July 22 – 24 and August 13 – 15 2003. A map of sampling locations is shown in Figure 1.
    [Show full text]