168 2Nd Issue 2015
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
A Revised Lithostratigraphy of the Sierra Baguales, Magallanes Basin
A revised lithostratigraphy of the Sierra Baguales, Magallanes Basin Enrique Bostelmann 1, Jacobus P. Le Roux 2, Ana Vasquez 2, Nestor Gutiérrez 2, José Luis Oyarzún 3, Catalina Carreño 2, Teresa Torres 4, Rodrigo Otero 5, Andrea Llanos 4, C. Mark Fanning 6, Sven N. Nielsen 7, Francisco Hervé 2,8 1Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, CC. 399, 11.000. Montevideo, Uruguay 2Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Chile / Centro de Excelencia en Geotermia de los Andes, Casilla 13518, Santiago, Chile 3Parque Geológico y Paleontológico, La Cumbre-Baguales 4Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Correo 1004, Santiago, Chile 5Área Paleontología, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural. Casilla 787, Santiago, Chile 6Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Mills Road, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia 7Institut für Geowissenschaften, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Ludewig-Meyn-Str. 10, 24118 Kiel, Germany 8Departamento de Geología, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile Abstract We present a new lithostratigraphic scheme zircons in the Loreto Formation have been dated at for the Sierra Baguales north of Torres del Paine based 36.48±0.47–36.73±0.5 Ma (Otero et al., 2012), on recent field work, which shows that the stratigraphy whereas zircons in the Río Baguales Formation have of the Lake Argentino region of Argentina is duplicated yielded an age of 40.48±0.37 Ma (Le Roux, 2012). here. The former Río Baguales Formation probably The Loreto Formation was named as early as 1931 by correlates with the Man Aike Formation of Argentina and also in part with the Loreto Formation of the Keidel and Hemmer, whereas its stratigraphic Brunswick Peninsula, so that the name Loreto is equivalents were named much later: the Río Baguales retained for this unit. -
Calving Processes and the Dynamics of Calving Glaciers ⁎ Douglas I
Earth-Science Reviews 82 (2007) 143–179 www.elsevier.com/locate/earscirev Calving processes and the dynamics of calving glaciers ⁎ Douglas I. Benn a,b, , Charles R. Warren a, Ruth H. Mottram a a School of Geography and Geosciences, University of St Andrews, KY16 9AL, UK b The University Centre in Svalbard, PO Box 156, N-9171 Longyearbyen, Norway Received 26 October 2006; accepted 13 February 2007 Available online 27 February 2007 Abstract Calving of icebergs is an important component of mass loss from the polar ice sheets and glaciers in many parts of the world. Calving rates can increase dramatically in response to increases in velocity and/or retreat of the glacier margin, with important implications for sea level change. Despite their importance, calving and related dynamic processes are poorly represented in the current generation of ice sheet models. This is largely because understanding the ‘calving problem’ involves several other long-standing problems in glaciology, combined with the difficulties and dangers of field data collection. In this paper, we systematically review different aspects of the calving problem, and outline a new framework for representing calving processes in ice sheet models. We define a hierarchy of calving processes, to distinguish those that exert a fundamental control on the position of the ice margin from more localised processes responsible for individual calving events. The first-order control on calving is the strain rate arising from spatial variations in velocity (particularly sliding speed), which determines the location and depth of surface crevasses. Superimposed on this first-order process are second-order processes that can further erode the ice margin. -
Variations of Patagonian Glaciers, South America, Utilizing RADARSAT Images
Variations of Patagonian Glaciers, South America, utilizing RADARSAT Images Masamu Aniya Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571 Japan Phone: +81-298-53-4309, Fax: +81-298-53-4746, e-mail: [email protected] Renji Naruse Institute of Low Temperature Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan, Phone: +81-11-706-5486, Fax: +81-11-706-7142, e-mail: [email protected] Gino Casassa Institute of Patagonia, University of Magallanes, Avenida Bulness 01855, Casilla 113-D, Punta Arenas, Chile, Phone: +56-61-207179, Fax: +56-61-219276, e-mail: [email protected] and Andres Rivera Department of Geography, University of Chile, Marcoleta 250, Casilla 338, Santiago, Chile, Phone: +56-2-6783032, Fax: +56-2-2229522, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Combining RADARSAT images (1997) with either Landsat MSS (1987 for NPI) or TM (1986 for SPI), variations of major glaciers of the Northern Patagonia Icefield (NPI, 4200 km2) and of the Southern Patagonia Icefield (SPI, 13,000 km2) were studied. Of the five NPI glaciers studied, San Rafael Glacier showed a net advance, while other glaciers, San Quintin, Steffen, Colonia and Nef retreated during the same period. With additional data of JERS-1 images (1994), different patterns of variations for periods of 1986-94 and 1994-97 are recognized. Of the seven SPI glaciers studied, Pio XI Glacier, the largest in South America, showed a net advance, gaining a total area of 5.66 km2. Two RADARSAT images taken in January and April 1997 revealed a surge-like very rapid glacier advance. -
A New Geography of European Power?
A NEW GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPEAN POWER? EGMONT PAPER 42 A NEW GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPEAN POWER? James ROGERS January 2011 The Egmont Papers are published by Academia Press for Egmont – The Royal Institute for International Relations. Founded in 1947 by eminent Belgian political leaders, Egmont is an independent think-tank based in Brussels. Its interdisciplinary research is conducted in a spirit of total academic freedom. A platform of quality information, a forum for debate and analysis, a melting pot of ideas in the field of international politics, Egmont’s ambition – through its publications, seminars and recommendations – is to make a useful contribution to the decision- making process. *** President: Viscount Etienne DAVIGNON Director-General: Marc TRENTESEAU Series Editor: Prof. Dr. Sven BISCOP *** Egmont - The Royal Institute for International Relations Address Naamsestraat / Rue de Namur 69, 1000 Brussels, Belgium Phone 00-32-(0)2.223.41.14 Fax 00-32-(0)2.223.41.16 E-mail [email protected] Website: www.egmontinstitute.be © Academia Press Eekhout 2 9000 Gent Tel. 09/233 80 88 Fax 09/233 14 09 [email protected] www.academiapress.be J. Story-Scientia NV Wetenschappelijke Boekhandel Sint-Kwintensberg 87 B-9000 Gent Tel. 09/225 57 57 Fax 09/233 14 09 [email protected] www.story.be All authors write in a personal capacity. Lay-out: proxess.be ISBN 978 90 382 1714 7 D/2011/4804/19 U 1547 NUR1 754 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the permission of the publishers. -
PATAGONIA Located in Argentina and Chile, Patagonia Is a Natural Wonderland That Occupies the Southernmost Reaches of South America
PATAGONIA Located in Argentina and Chile, Patagonia is a natural wonderland that occupies the southernmost reaches of South America. It is an extraordinary landscape of dramatic mountains, gigantic glaciers that calve into icy lakes, cascading waterfalls, crystalline streams and beech forests. It is also an area rich in wildlife such as seals, humpback whales, pumas, condors and guanacos. The best time to visit Patagonia is between October and April. Highlights Spectacular Perito Moreno Glacier; scenic wonders of Los Glaciares National Park; unforgettable landscapes of Torres del Paine; breathtaking scenery of the Lakes District. Climate The weather is at its warmest and the hours of daylight at their longest (18 hours) during the summer months of Nov-Mar. This is also the windiest and busiest time of year. Winter provides clear skies, less windy conditions and fewer tourists; however temperatures can be extremely cold. 62 NATURAL FOCUS – TAILOR-MADE EXPERIENCES Pristine Patagonia Torres Del Paine National Park in Patagonia was incredible! I had never seen anything like it before. This was one of the most awesome trips I have ever been on. Maria-Luisa Scala WWW.NATURALFOCUSSAFARIS.COM.AU | E: [email protected] | T: 1300 363 302 63 ARGENTINIAN PATAGONIA • PERITO MORENO Breathtaking Perito Moreno Glacier © Shutterstock PERITO MORENO GLACIER 4 days/3 nights From $805 per person twin share Departs daily ex El Calafate Price per person from: Twin Single Xelena (Standard Room Lake View) $1063 $1582 El Quijote Hotel (Standard Room) $962 $1423 -
Earth/Environmental (2014) Released Final Exam
Released Items Fall 2014 NC Final Exam Earth/Environmental Science RELEASED Public Schools of North Carolina Student Booklet State Board of Education Department of Public Instruction Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-6314 Copyrightã 2014 by the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction. All rights reserved. E ARTH/ENVIRONMENTAL S CIENCE — R ELEASED I TEMS 1 Cracks in rocks widen as water in them freezes and thaws. How does this affect the surface of the Earth? A It reduces the rates of soil formation. B It changes the chemical composition of the rocks. C It exposes rocks to increased rates of erosion and weathering. D It limits the exposure of rocks to acid precipitation. 2 How can urbanization affect a local area? A It can increase the number of invasive species in an area. B It can decrease the risk of water pollution in an area. C It can increase the risk of flooding in an area. D It can decrease the need for natural resources in an area. 3 Which is a farming technique that could improve the soil and the environment? A using fueled machines that will turn the soil continuously B creating undisturbed layers of mulch in the soil C placing inorganic chemical fertilizers in the soil D irrigating the RELEASEDsoil with salty water 1 Go to the next page. E ARTH/ENVIRONMENTAL S CIENCE — R ELEASED I TEMS 4 Subsurface ocean currents continually circulate from the warm waters near the equator to the colder waters in other parts of the world. What is the main cause of these currents? A differences in the topography along the ocean floor B differences -
Ilulissat Icefjord
World Heritage Scanned Nomination File Name: 1149.pdf UNESCO Region: EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA __________________________________________________________________________________________________ SITE NAME: Ilulissat Icefjord DATE OF INSCRIPTION: 7th July 2004 STATE PARTY: DENMARK CRITERIA: N (i) (iii) DECISION OF THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: Excerpt from the Report of the 28th Session of the World Heritage Committee Criterion (i): The Ilulissat Icefjord is an outstanding example of a stage in the Earth’s history: the last ice age of the Quaternary Period. The ice-stream is one of the fastest (19m per day) and most active in the world. Its annual calving of over 35 cu. km of ice accounts for 10% of the production of all Greenland calf ice, more than any other glacier outside Antarctica. The glacier has been the object of scientific attention for 250 years and, along with its relative ease of accessibility, has significantly added to the understanding of ice-cap glaciology, climate change and related geomorphic processes. Criterion (iii): The combination of a huge ice sheet and a fast moving glacial ice-stream calving into a fjord covered by icebergs is a phenomenon only seen in Greenland and Antarctica. Ilulissat offers both scientists and visitors easy access for close view of the calving glacier front as it cascades down from the ice sheet and into the ice-choked fjord. The wild and highly scenic combination of rock, ice and sea, along with the dramatic sounds produced by the moving ice, combine to present a memorable natural spectacle. BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS Located on the west coast of Greenland, 250-km north of the Arctic Circle, Greenland’s Ilulissat Icefjord (40,240-ha) is the sea mouth of Sermeq Kujalleq, one of the few glaciers through which the Greenland ice cap reaches the sea. -
The 2015 Chileno Valley Glacial Lake Outburst Flood, Patagonia
Aberystwyth University The 2015 Chileno Valley glacial lake outburst flood, Patagonia Wilson, R.; Harrison, S.; Reynolds, John M.; Hubbard, Alun; Glasser, Neil; Wündrich, O.; Iribarren Anacona, P.; Mao, L.; Shannon, S. Published in: Geomorphology DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.01.015 Publication date: 2019 Citation for published version (APA): Wilson, R., Harrison, S., Reynolds, J. M., Hubbard, A., Glasser, N., Wündrich, O., Iribarren Anacona, P., Mao, L., & Shannon, S. (2019). The 2015 Chileno Valley glacial lake outburst flood, Patagonia. Geomorphology, 332, 51-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.01.015 Document License CC BY General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Aberystwyth Research Portal (the Institutional Repository) are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Aberystwyth Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Aberystwyth Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. tel: +44 1970 62 2400 email: [email protected] Download date: 09. Jul. 2020 Geomorphology 332 (2019) 51–65 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Geomorphology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/geomorph The 2015 Chileno Valley glacial lake outburst flood, Patagonia R. -
New Chondrichthyans from Bartonian-Priabonian Levels of Río De Las Minas and Sierra Dorotea, Magallanes Basin, Chilean Patagonia
Andean Geology 42 (2): 268-283. May, 2015 Andean Geology doi: 10.5027/andgeoV42n2-a06 www.andeangeology.cl PALEONTOLOGICAL NOTE New chondrichthyans from Bartonian-Priabonian levels of Río de Las Minas and Sierra Dorotea, Magallanes Basin, Chilean Patagonia *Rodrigo A. Otero1, Sergio Soto-Acuña1, 2 1 Red Paleontológica Universidad de Chile, Laboratorio de Ontogenia y Filogenia, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile. [email protected] 2 Área de Paleontología, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Santiago, Chile. [email protected] * Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Here we studied new fossil chondrichthyans from two localities, Río de Las Minas, and Sierra Dorotea, both in the Magallanes Region, southernmost Chile. In Río de Las Minas, the upper section of the Priabonian Loreto Formation have yielded material referable to the taxa Megascyliorhinus sp., Pristiophorus sp., Rhinoptera sp., and Callorhinchus sp. In Sierra Dorotea, middle-to-late Eocene levels of the Río Turbio Formation have provided teeth referable to the taxa Striatolamia macrota (Agassiz), Palaeohypotodus rutoti (Winkler), Squalus aff. weltoni Long, Carcharias sp., Paraorthacodus sp., Rhinoptera sp., and indeterminate Myliobatids. These new records show the presence of common chondrichtyan diversity along most of the Magallanes Basin. The new record of Paraorthacodus sp. and P. rutoti, support the extension of their respective biochrons in the Magallanes Basin and likely in the southeastern Pacific. Keywords: Cartilaginous fishes, Weddellian Province, Southernmost Chile. RESUMEN. Nuevos condrictios de niveles Bartoniano-priabonianos de Río de Las Minas y Sierra Dorotea, Cuenca de Magallanes, Patagonia Chilena. Se estudiaron nuevos condrictios fósiles provenientes de dos localidades, Río de Las Minas y Sierra Dorotea, ambas en la Región de Magallanes, sur de Chile. -
The Timing, Dynamics and Palaeoclimatic Significance of Ice Sheet Deglaciation in Central Patagonia, Southern South America
The timing, dynamics and palaeoclimatic significance of ice sheet deglaciation in central Patagonia, southern South America Jacob Martin Bendle Department of Geography Royal Holloway, University of London Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Royal Holloway, University of London September, 2017 1 Declaration I, Jacob Martin Bendle, hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it are entirely my own unless otherwise stated. Chapters 3-7 of this thesis form a series of research papers, which are either published, accepted or prepared for publication. I am responsible for all data collection, analysis, and primary authorship of Chapters 3, 5, 6 and 7. For Chapter 4, I contributed datasets, and co-authored the paper, which was led by Thorndycraft. Detailed statements of contribution are given in Chapter 1 of this thesis, for each research paper. I wrote the introductory (Chapters 1 and 2), synthesis (Chapter 8) and concluding (Chapter 9) chapters of the thesis. Signed: ..................................................................................... Date:.............................. (Candidate) Signed: ..................................................................................... Date:.............................. (Supervisor) 2 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I am very grateful to my supervisors Varyl Thorndycraft, Adrian Palmer, and Ian Matthews, whose tireless support, guidance and, most of all, enthusiasm, have made this project great fun. Through their company in the field they have contributed greatly to this thesis, and provided much needed humour along the way. For always giving me the freedom to explore, but wisely guiding me when required, I am very thankful. I am indebted to my brother, Aaron Bendle, who helped me for five weeks as a field assistant in Patagonia, and who tirelessly, and without complaint, dug hundreds of sections – thank you for your hard work and great company. -
Protecting the Crown: a Century of Resource Management in Glacier National Park
Protecting the Crown A Century of Resource Management in Glacier National Park Rocky Mountains Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit (RM-CESU) RM-CESU Cooperative Agreement H2380040001 (WASO) RM-CESU Task Agreement J1434080053 Theodore Catton, Principal Investigator University of Montana Department of History Missoula, Montana 59812 Diane Krahe, Researcher University of Montana Department of History Missoula, Montana 59812 Deirdre K. Shaw NPS Key Official and Curator Glacier National Park West Glacier, Montana 59936 June 2011 Table of Contents List of Maps and Photographs v Introduction: Protecting the Crown 1 Chapter 1: A Homeland and a Frontier 5 Chapter 2: A Reservoir of Nature 23 Chapter 3: A Complete Sanctuary 57 Chapter 4: A Vignette of Primitive America 103 Chapter 5: A Sustainable Ecosystem 179 Conclusion: Preserving Different Natures 245 Bibliography 249 Index 261 List of Maps and Photographs MAPS Glacier National Park 22 Threats to Glacier National Park 168 PHOTOGRAPHS Cover - hikers going to Grinnell Glacier, 1930s, HPC 001581 Introduction – Three buses on Going-to-the-Sun Road, 1937, GNPA 11829 1 1.1 Two Cultural Legacies – McDonald family, GNPA 64 5 1.2 Indian Use and Occupancy – unidentified couple by lake, GNPA 24 7 1.3 Scientific Exploration – George B. Grinnell, Web 12 1.4 New Forms of Resource Use – group with stringer of fish, GNPA 551 14 2.1 A Foundation in Law – ranger at check station, GNPA 2874 23 2.2 An Emphasis on Law Enforcement – two park employees on hotel porch, 1915 HPC 001037 25 2.3 Stocking the Park – men with dead mountain lions, GNPA 9199 31 2.4 Balancing Preservation and Use – road-building contractors, 1924, GNPA 304 40 2.5 Forest Protection – Half Moon Fire, 1929, GNPA 11818 45 2.6 Properties on Lake McDonald – cabin in Apgar, Web 54 3.1 A Background of Construction – gas shovel, GTSR, 1937, GNPA 11647 57 3.2 Wildlife Studies in the 1930s – George M. -
South America Cryonet Meeting, 27-29 October 2014, Santiago De
TECHNICAL REPORT No. 2013- xx Insert title of report ....... WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION GLOBAL CRYOSPHERE WATCH REPORT No. 8 CryoNet South America Workshop First Session Santiago de Chile, Chile 27-29 October 2014 © World Meteorological Organization, 2014 The right of publication in print, electronic and any other form and in any language is reserved by WMO. Short extracts from WMO publications may be reproduced without authorization, provided that the complete source is clearly indicated. Editorial correspondence and requests to publish, reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole should be addressed to: Chair, Publications Board World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 7 bis, avenue de la Paix Tel.: +41 (0) 22 730 8403 P.O. Box 2300 Fax: +41 (0) 22 730 8040 CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] NOTE The designations employed in WMO publications and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WMO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WMO in preference to others of a similar nature which are not mentioned or advertised. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in WMO publications with named authors are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of WMO or its Members. FINAL