http://www.biltek.tubitak. Paleontology gov.tr/bilgipaket/jeolojik /index.htm
Muhittin Görmüş Department of Geology
Lecture 7
http://members.cox.net/jdmount/paleont.html M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
1. Spongia General characteristics Body organisations & related terms Spicules Classification Stratifraphical ranges Examples (Recent) Ancient examples 2. Coelenterata General characteristics Body organisations & related terms Classification Stratigraphical ranges Rugosa selected genera Tabulata selected genera Scleractine selected genera M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017
Lecture 6
Vertebrate
PLANTA FUNGİ ANİMALIA Invertebrate
MULTICELLUAR
EUCARYOTIC
PROTISTA
MONERA
UNICELLUAR PROC.
Procaryotic Eucaryotic Unicelluar Multicelluar Domain Domain Domain Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Kingdom Kingdom Kingdom Kingdom Kingdom Monera Protoctista Animalia Plantae Fungi (=Protista)
M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7 PHYLUM PORIFERA
http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Porifera/Porifera.htm
M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7 PHYLUM PORIFERA (=SPONGIA)
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/porifera/porifera.html General characteristics
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA Protista/porifera.htm http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/
Others: no nervoussystem, feedingbyfiltering annelide,wermesfor Feeding:Theyuse sessile. freswater,epifaunal, restmarine,marine, % 80 benthic, someopen sea Environment: Shallow, Age: Cambrianto Recent calcerous, some siliceous Shell composition: mainly multicelluar, primitive beingsize,skull than cm 1 upto ahuman sizes changefrom smaller colonizied individuals,their globular,wrapper Shape: Cyclindirical,bag,
Ankara University, 2017 - M. M. Görmüş, shaped,
Lecture Lecture 7
-
Various porifera sahpes
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA
Ankara University, 2017 M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7
Reproduction
Prifera reproduction may be sexual or asexual.
• Sexual reproduction is related to flagellate larvaes. These larveas are removed from the body, and then they move to a substrate to be sticked. After that, new indivuduals appear.
• Asexual reproduction is associated with budding of colony.
http://www.dicle.edu.tr/~zoology/Erhan%20unlu%20dosyalar/ Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, dersler/hayvan%20morf/Porifera%20BOLUM-3.pdf Organisation & Related terms http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/specimens/Porifera.html
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA
Hand drawings from Alkaya(Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes,
Ankara University, 2017 M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
Organisation & Related terms Paragaster, osculum, ostia,synchonoid, asconoid, conasitleuconoid, spicule,
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sponge Ankara University, 2017 M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
Organisation & Related terms
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA dersler/hayvan%20morf/Porifera%20BOLUM http://www.dicle.edu.tr/~zoology/Erhan%20unlu%20dosyalar/ waterfilterskg24 hours. in 1000 Dry spongiagraweight 200
Ankara University, 2017 - 3.pdf M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Porifera consist of two kinds of body materials: 1. spongine: organic material
2. Spicule or scleres: carboneceous or siliceous tiny skeletal parts. elementlerdir.
Pictures from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, Spicules
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA
Ankara University, 2017 Protista/porifera.htm /tutorial/ http://paleo.cortland.edu M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
Spicules
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA Spicules within thin asection
Picture from Alkaya(SelçukUniv.), notes,lecture
Ankara University, 2017 M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
Spicules If rock a includes mayrich spicules,it be spiculit.called SEM of viewsspicules
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA
Picture from Alkaya(SelçukUniv.), notes,lecture
Ankara University, 2017 M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
Classification
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA
Protista/porifera.htm http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/ Ankara University, 2017 M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7
Calcerea
: : Class
http://www.dicle.edu.tr/~zoology/Erhan%20unlu%20dosyalar/ dersler/hayvan%20morf/Porifera%20BOLUM-3.pdf Class: Demospongiae
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA dersler/hayvan%20morf/Porifera%20BOLUM http://www.dicle.edu.tr/~zoology/Erhan%20unlu%20dosyalar/
Ankara University, 2017 - 3.pdf M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
Calcispongiae
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA
l accounts/specimens/Porifera.htm ummz.umich.edu/site/ http://animaldiversity
Ankara University, 2017 M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7 .
Hyalospongiae
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA
l accounts/specimens/Porifera.htm ummz.umich.edu/site/ http://animaldiversity
Ankara University, 2017 M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7 .
Stratigraphical ranges images/Sponge_archaeo.gif http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/w
PHYLUM SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) SPONGIA
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/porifera/poriferafr.html
Ankara University, 2017 M. M. Görmüş,
Lecture Lecture 7
M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Recent)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Recent)
Pictures from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Recent)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Recent)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Recent)
Pictures from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Recent)
Pictures from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Recent)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Recent?)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Ancient)
http://www.udel.edu/dgs/ Paleontology/DE_K_pal/ palpages/Porifera3.html M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Ancient)
Siphonia ("Siphon") was a genus of extinct hallirhoiddemosponges o f the Upper Cretaceous. They lived in the Western Tethys Ocean, in what is now Europe. They all had distinctive pear- shaped bodies that were attached to the seafloor via a long stem. Their common name, "tulip sponges," refers to their suggestive shape, while the genus name refers to how the spongocoel (the main tube of the sponge body) runs almost the entire length of the sponge, as though it were almost a drinking straw. The length was around half an inch (1 centimeter).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MHNT_-_Siphonia_pyriformis.jpg M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Ancient)
http://www.cretaceous.de/Ventriculites.html M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Ancient)
Creticularia sp. Doryderma sp. Jurassic to Pliocene Carboniferous to Early Cretaceous
http://irangeology.gsi.ir http://www.terra.es/personal5/museumfossi/pagina3.htm
http://paleopedia.free.fr/spongiaires_classification.html M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Ancient)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, PHYLUM Ankara University, 2017 SPONGIA (=PORIFERA) Lecture 7 Examples (Ancient)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Not spongia, an algea… Lecture 7
Receptaculies- Receptaculites was long assigned to sponges, but it considered to represent the fossil remains of calcareous algae. They lived from the lower Ordovician through the Permian. Specimens found are usually globular to platter shaped, nd measure from a few cm to over half a meter across. The surface is covered by rectangular plates arranged in intersecting sets of clock-wise and counterclock-wise patterns.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptaculites M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vendian/vendian.html M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/Cnidarians/cnidarians.htm M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/cnidaria/fungiid.html M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7 ---Phylum Cnidaria includes corals, anemones, jellyfish & hydroids. --- or Coelenterata is a phylum containing over 10,000 species of animals found exclusively in aquatic and mostly marineenvironments (mainly reefal) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cnidaria). --- Calcerous tests, generally colonozied simple multicelluar organisms ---Precambrian to Recent
Cnidaria
characteristics General
http://tolweb.org/Cnidaria M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7 --- Their bodies cover two layers, outer layer is called exoderm, inner layer is called endoderm, there is a gelatinous mesoglea between endo and exoderms. The mesoglea contain simple a nerveous system.
a a
Cnidaria
characteristics General
--- Two life modes are important: Polyps and medusa Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes,
M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Medusa Lecture 7 Discoidal body Aperture & anus at bottom Thick mesoglae
Planktic
Cnidaria
characteristics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cnidaria
Polyps Cylindirical body Aperture & anus at top General Benthic, sessile
Pictures from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
Corallum: Coloni Corallit: An individual within corallum Fossula: Distinctive cavity between septa Dissepiment: Convex many septula Calisse: concavity terms at the top Cnidaria Columel: medium vertical structure within each individual
General Fasikül: a colony by free corallits Masivve: a colony by attached corallits
http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Tree_of_Life/PhylumCnidaria/Rugosa-Coral.htm M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7 Note that the terms of corallum, corallit,
calis, kolumel
Note that massive and solitary corals types Cnidaria
characteristics
Reproduction General M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
POLYPS
characteristics
General CORALLUM (CaCO3)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 SOLITARY CORALS Lecture 7
polyp
corallum
Pictures from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 SOLITARY CORALS Lecture 7
septum dissepiment dissepiment zone
Transversal sections Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 SOLITARY CORALS Lecture 7
Organism lives within calise
calise
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (fasicular, massive) Lecture 7
Fasicular colony corallit
Colony= corallum
Massive colony Fasicular colony
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (Fasicular) Lecture 7
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (Massive) Lecture 7
colony
thin section
asteroid colony
thin section Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (Massive, brain-shaped, chain-shaped) Lecture 7
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS Lecture 7
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (Massive) Lecture 7
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (Columnar) Lecture 7
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (Laminar) Lecture 7
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (Foliaceous) Lecture 7
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (Encrusting) Lecture 7
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 COLONY CORALS (Massive) Lecture 7
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7 FREE LIVING SOLITARY CORALS
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7 CORAL REEFS
CORAL REEFS DEVELOP IN CLEAR WARM SEAS
Diagram of a fringing coral reef. Atoll http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/fs025-02/ M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017
Lecture 7
Cnidaria Classification
http://geology.er.usgs.gov/paleo/coralstable1.shtml
http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/Cnidarians/cnidarians.htm M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7 hydroids Examples Class HYDROZOA
Class SCYPHOZOA jellyfish Class ANTHOZOA
corals
Pictures from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Order Rogosa)
Rugosa morphology
http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/Cnidarians/cnidarians.htm M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Zaphrentis sp. (Devonian) Lecture 74
Philipsastrea sp. (Devonian)
Cnidaria (Rogosa)
Kodonophyllum sp. (Silurian) Goniophyllum sp. (Silurian)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Hexagonaria sp. (Devonian) Lecture 74
Cnidaria (Rogosa)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lithostration sp. (Carboniferous) Lecture 74
Cnidaria (Rogosa) bölme kolümel
dissepiment Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Calceola sp. (Devonian) Lecture 74
Cnidaria (Rogosa)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Rogosa)
Some selected species of Rugosa in Turkiye Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes,
M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Order Tabulata)
http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/Cnidarians/cnidarians.htm M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Favosites sp. (Late Ordovician to Devonian) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Tabulata)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Favosites sp. (Late Ordovician to Devonian) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Tabulata)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Heliolites sp. (Early Silurian to Middle Devonian) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Tabulata)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Thamnopora sp. (Silurian to Permian) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Tabulata)
Alveolites sp. (Silurian to Dev. )
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Pleurodictyum sp. (Devonian) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Tabulata)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Halysites sp. (Ordovician to Silurian) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Tabulata)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Halysites sp. (Ordovician to Silurian) Lecture 7 corallit
tabla
Cnidaria (Tabulata) Vertical section under microscobe
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Michelina sp. (Devonian to Permian) Lecture 7
Cnidaria Aulopora sp. (Devonian)
(Tabulata)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Syringopora sp. (Silurian to Permian) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Tabulata)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Syringopora sp. (Silurian to Permian) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Tabulata)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/Cnidarians/cnidarians.htm M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Isastrea sp. (Middle Jurassic to Cretaceous) Lecture 7
Cyclolites sp. (Cretaceous to Eocene) Cnidaria (Scleractina) M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Cyclolites sp. (Cretaceous to Eocene) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Scleractina)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Fungia sp. (Miocene to Recent) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Scleractina)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Fungia sp. (Miocene to Recent) Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Scleractina)
Picture from Alkaya (Selçuk Univ.), lecture notes, M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 7
Cnidaria (Scleractina) M. Görmüş, Ankara University, 2017 Lecture 5
Homework 7 Please get a stratigraphical range chart of the genera of Spongia and Cnidaria phylums mentioned in the Lecture 7.