Interaction
We have made much of the fact that this is a British Worldcon, but we must never forget that it is being held in Scotland. “Let them know where they should visit whilst they’re here” was the original brief; but honestly, who reads the Souvenir Book during the convention. It is the Souvenir Book after all, and a souvenir is designed to bring back memories not provide them ex ante. So we have complemented Ken MacLeod’s views on Scotland with some ‘postcards’ which we hope will bring back memories for you of your trip to Scotland. (J&EH)
OUTSIDE THE ARMADILLO Ken MacLeod We lived in a maisonette in Finsbury Park in North Darwin a clergyman. You do not even have to go London. A maisonette is like a flat, but with two that far back: you can still see the corridor where storeys. Below us was another maisonette, and we Darwin was sick after an anatomy class, and lived in a whole block of them. The lower row had decided not to become a doctor. front gardens, and each garden had a cherry tree in it. So, every early summer, our front window faced So it is a place to watch for ghosts and time on to a mass of pinkish white blossoms. travellers, and still a place where the future is shaped – and for all we know, reshaped. You can Until one day, when our neighbour below had a visit the museum and find yourself face to face party in his front garden. He sawed down the tree with Dolly, the first cloned mammal. Not far away and nailed a tray to the four-foot-high stump, for is the university’s Department of Artificial his guests to put their beer cans on. He played Intelligence, which a year or two ago was very loud music all afternoon and evening. destroyed in a mysterious fire. The fire brought down several ancient buildings in the Old Town, This was when we decided to move back to exposed hidden cellars, and covered the traces of Scotland. the time travellers.
Have we ever looked back? Yes, sometimes. In Edinburgh a lot of sf, fantasy and horror writing Finsbury Park is an interesting and lively place, is going on. There are several simmering fandoms and London is a great city. South Queensferry is and writers’ circles, from which new writers quiet, and Edinburgh is a small city. But it is one emerge all the time. (Talk to Andrew Wilson.) The where a lot of history has happened and a lot of same sort of thing is going on in Glasgow. (Talk to futures, alternate pasts, and strange times are Hal Duncan.) Alasdair Gray and J K Rowling have being imagined. It is an outright Einstein given new shapes to fantasy. Edwin Morgan, intersection of historical timelines: the place Scotland’s national poet, still writes about space where, soon after the Jacobites left, David Hume and the future, and rewrites Gilgamesh. Glasgow and Adam Smith and James Hutton invented looks futuristic, from the past. It has been rebuilt to much of the modern world. Without them, Kant accommodate cars, while Edinburgh is constantly might have been a theologian, Marx a poet, and reconfigured to repel them. The architectures of the two cities are as opposed as their characters. Images of Scotland Edinburgh’s Old Town and New Town and its (Top left to bottom right) modest modern sprawl have a certain consistency. Botanic Gardens, Glasgow Glasgow looks as if the joystick of its design has Glasgow Cathedral been grabbed by different hands every decade. Transport Museum, Glasgow Edinburgh Castle 14th fairway at North Berwick Golf Club The country’s future may be stranger yet, but only Pipers at Culper Highland Games, Fife the time travellers know, and they are not telling. Loch Sheil from slopes of Ben Tuim For now, you have to make do with science fiction. Culzean Castle Maybople South Ayreshire Enjoy the Worldcon, but venture outside the Tug of War at Lonach Highland Games Aberdeenshire Looking across River Ness to Inverness Castle at night Armadillo, and look at what is taking shape, the Castle May home of Queen Mother new trees. Tall Ship in Glasgow Harbour Sky Bridge & Kyle of Loch Alsh Museum of Modern Art, Glasgow Ken MacLeod is the author of nine SF novels, River Clyde at Dusk (Moat House SECC, Armadillo & Rotunda) Stornaway Harbour Lewis Outer Hebrides the latest of which, Learning the World, has Forth Rail Bridge just been published in the UK by Orbit and Laphroig distillery on Isle Islay, Inner Hebrides will soon be published in the US by Tor.
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Fandom Around the World
What is it about fans which makes us travel enormous distances to strange new countries, or familiar old countries, just to wander around indoors for a weekend? Is it the same reason for everyone, or are there different attitudes in different parts of the world? Cheryl and BjØrn give us two views. (J&EH)
Cheryl Morgan There is an Internet meme going round the blogs as I Canadians and Americans don’t go to Australia in write this about listing 10 things you have done that anywhere near such numbers (except once a decade most people will not have done. If I did such a list, for Worldcon), despite the fact that it is a superb one of the entries would be that I have lived on three tourist destination. The Boston folks are so well different continents. Which I guess is why I have organized that they can not only run a Worldcon been asked to write this article. I was born in the UK, with one hand tied behind their backs, they also run and lived there for most of my life. But I have also a successful publishing business. And tiny Finland, been Treasurer of the Melbourne Science Fiction with a population of less than that of greater Club, and I have various silly job titles (Minister of London, manages a national convention with an Misinformation, Viceroy without Carpetbag) at the attendance of over 3,000 at a time when British Bay Area Science Fiction Association in San José. I Eastercons are threatening to dip below 500. guess I have some experience of international Travel, as they say, broadens the mind. Sometimes fandom. those funny ‘furriners’ have good ideas. Now if you talk to fans (or indeed any people) about other countries, the first reaction you get is along the lines of, “them furriners, they do things different over there.” To some extent this is true. When I lived in London I attended The Tun, which is basically an Cheryl is the editor of Emerald City, an online excuse for some friends to have some beers together. science fiction and fantasy book review In Melbourne we met in a church hall, had an magazine and has contributed to Locus, extensive club library, and got together for club Foundation and Interzone and others. outings. In San José we meet in a restaurant and indulge in what we call Recreational Parliamentary Practice: the meeting has a formal structure, but BjØrn Tore Sund most of the business is very silly indeed. Fandom is about travelling. We choose to travel in Yet when you travel a lot you also notice that things our minds through reading, gaming, watching can be very different within a country. I’m told that movies and tv. And to someone from a small the Birmingham SF Group has formal meetings with town, in a small country, with a small fandom, guest speakers. The Boston club, NESFA, has its travelling is not a choice but a necessity. There are own clubhouse and relatively formal meetings. And more people elsewhere with whom I share fans in Sydney are so anarchic that they don’t seem interests, conversational topics, and friendships. to be able to manage a pub meeting, let alone run a The rest of the world is a big, fun place. convention (or at least if they do I’ve not found out about it). In any case, the most obvious thing about Fandom is about going home. To link up with fans around the world is that they are fans. They friends. “See you in Amsterdam?” “No, can’t make read the same books, watch the same TV shows and it.” “Well, Glasgow then?” movies, have the same tendency to obsess over detail Meeting the same people, or meeting new people and so on. An SF fan in London is likely to have far who share that common culture which makes more in common with a fan in Los Angeles or every new place feel like home. Every con, every Canberra than with a neighbour who is a fanatical city, every country provides a taste of a new football supporter. culture, but always with the same old culture on So rather than worry about differences between fans top of it. Not hiding it, just there. in different countries, I’d rather ask what we can Strong enough to make the new bits less alien, less learn from those differences. Fan groups around the strange, because there is something familiar there world do some amazing things. Why can’t others do as well. To someone from a small town, in a small them too? The Australians seem happy to travel country, with a small fandom, that is welcome. thousands of miles to attend cons, but Brits, 82 Interaction
Fandom & the World Wide Web
WHAT A DIFFERENCE A DAY MAKES…
Sandy Auden & Ariel
There was one specific event that switched me on to heart’s content and no one to look at you strangely the internet and it involved a book. It was 1998 and and say, “What the hell are you talking about? Oh, I was rummaging through the sf section in a that stupid science fiction stuff again!” bookstore in Staffordshire, UK. There’s nothing unusual in that, except that this day I discovered a And now, the Blog technology has arrived and copy Volume Seven of Jennifer Roberson’s The every individual with access to a connection can Chronicles of the Cheysuli. My eight year search was share their opinion with the world, for better or for over! Or so I thought. I went to the checkout desk worse. Back in 1998, the voice of the sf fan was and asked them to order the entire eight book set whispered, out of earshot of the people who for me. After a surprised splutter, the assistant labeled you a geek. Today, in a virtual world sorted my order and they arrived a few weeks where distance has no meaning, the voices rise and later. But not volume three. Eight years after reinforce each other and science fiction can be reading the first six Cheysuli books, asking heard, loud and clear… numerous bookstores to search their microfiche for * the final two volumes, and many weekends spent checking second hand book lists, I finally had all Over the years since I came online I’ve found that a the books bar volume three! good website is like an oasis in a desert and just as elusive to find. I’ve wasted hours of surfing time I was gutted. searching for a site that is informative, fun and And I was bemoaning my situation at the next sf crucially, these days, updated regularly. Club meeting at work when a wonderful fellow I’ll apologise now for the many, many excellent Club member called Tony offered to search the sites I don’t have space to list here. I’m sticking to internet for me. I’d been slow getting connected book related sites in an attempt pick out some but Tony was up and running online and did regularly updated places to visit from the veritable indeed find volume three for me, nestled in a sea of sites available. [Note: This has proved to be second hand bookstore in Northampton. It arrived a very difficult task when so much is on offer and three days later and I spent an enjoyable summer space so limited. I haven’t even scratched the enveloped happily in the tales of the Cheysuli and surface!] when I wasn’t reading, I was getting connected to the internet. Author websites Since then I haven’t looked back. Email was first and a double-edged sword that changed my life. Kevin Anderson – wordfire.com Not only did it shrink the world so that everyone Neal Asher – nealasher.com was closer, but it sucked my spare time dry till I Steve Aylett -steveaylett.com learned some discipline. James Barclay – jamesbarclay.com Hooking up with author Mark Chadbourn and Clive Barker – clivebarker.com then Alien Online site editor Ariel, I was recruited Iain Banks – iainbanks.net as news editor for the Alien site. I now had a Stephen Baxter – themanifold.co.uk reason to talk to the authors of the books I loved so much, and email truly came into its own as a tool Chaz Brenchley - chazbrenchley.co.uk for gathering news and giving visibility to sf and Terry Brooks – terrybrooks.net fantasy books across the Globe. Ramsey Campbell – ramseycampbell.com The internet also created a sense of community for Mark Chadbourn – markchadbourn.com beleaguered sf fans wherever they were. For the Simon Clark - bbr-online.com/nailed first time, there were forums where you could Alan Dean Foster – alandeanfoster.com discuss your own particular brand of sf to your Chris Fowler – christopherfowler.co.uk
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Neil Gaiman – neilgaiman.com Worth a visit sf sites Stephen Gallagher – stephengallagher.com BBC Cult site – www.bbc.co.uk/cult Ed Gorman – edgorman.com British Science Fiction Society – bsfa.co.uk Jon Courtenay Grimwood - j-cg.co.uk BFS - britishfantasysociety.org.uk Brian Herbert - dunenovels.com Infinity Plus - infinityplus.co.uk Robert Holdstock – robertholdstock.com Locus – locusmag.com excellent links library Graham Joyce – grahamjoyce.net SciFiction - scifi.com/scifiction Guy Gavriel Kay – brightweavings.com sf Site – www.sfsite.com Stehen King – stephenking.com Forbidden Planet blog - fpigraphics.co.uk/blogger Tim Lebbon – timlebbon.net www.thealienonline.net James Lovegrove – jameslovegrove.com Ken Macleod - kenmacleod.blogspot.com (no www) Ariel and Sandy are both involved with Alien Graham Masterton – grahammasterton.co.uk Online – as site editor and news editor respectively. An ex-bookseller and freelance John Meaney – johnmeaney.com web designer, Ariel Lives in Manchester, Farah Mendlesohn- farah-sf.blogspot.com drinks stout or single malt whisky, listens to Juliet McKenna - www.julietemckenna.com music by storytellers. Sandy is currently Richard Morgan – richardkmorgan.com working as a tireless news hound for Starburst and other magazines an earnest interviewer Stan Nicholls – stannicholls.com for the UK Sci Fi Channel website, and spends Greg Pickersgill - gostak.demon.co.uk her spare time lying down with a cold flannel Terry Pratchett – terrypratchettbooks.com and on her forehead discworldmonthly.co.uk Chris Priest - christopher-priest.co.uk Other Sites which may be of Interest Adam Roberts – adamroberts.com Internet Movie Database (IMDb): www.imdb.co.uk Robert Sheckley – sheckley.com Frank Wu: www.frankwu.com Martin Sketchley – martinsketchley.oc.uk Dominic Harman: www.dominic-harman.com Mike Marshall Smith - michaelmarshallsmith.com Jim Barker: www.cartoonise.com Jane Yolen – janeyolen.com Conventions: Jeff VanderMeer – jeffvandermeer.com and L.A. Con IV, 64th Worldcon 2006: www.laconiv.org vanderworld.blogspot.com Nippon 2007, 65th Worldcon: Tad Williams – tadwilliams.com and www.nippon2007.org shadowmarch.com Novacon: www.novacon.org Concussion, Eastercon 2006: Publishers www.eastercon2006.org Cemetery Dance – cemeterydance.com, dark Fan-oriented: fiction site Del Rey - randomhouse.com/delrey, excellent A site run by Bill Burns which carries copies of old newsletter fanzines, as well as current e-fanzines: www.efanzines.com Nightshade Books – nightshadebooks.com, A new site intended to feature fannish photos: message boards www.fanphotos.org.uk Orbit – orbitbooks.co.uk, news and interviews Cheryl Morgan’s book review and efanzine: Pigasus Press - pigasuspress.co.uk www.emcity.com Prime books – primebooks.net PS Publishing - pspublishing.co.uk Also, check out the Hugo Nominations which includes a category for website. Telos – www.telos.co.uk, Titan Books - titanmagazines.com Finally, the URLs of Interaction’s programme Tor UK – www.toruk.co.uk participants’ sites can be found on our website: Transworld - booksattransworld.co.uk, good www.interaction.worldcon.org.uk/proglist.htm quality sf titles (although the URL may not stay the same after the convention). TTA Press – ttapress.com, check out the message boards
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LiveJournal Community: 24/7
Lucy Huntzinger social interaction or distraction? Comment at LJ. Can’t reach someone by email or phone? Post an I heard about Livejournal in 2000. Some friends entry saying you are trying to make contact; either thought I might like to check out this neat site that they’ll read it or someone who knows how to find didn’t require you to understand HTML in order them will. Have a question? No shortage of to have an online journal. All you had to do was answers or places to ask. type your entry; the site coded it and displayed it for others to read and comment on. I quickly LiveJournal has become a genuine community realized there were lots of people I knew there; experience, not just a place to keep a journal. It’s a some of them weren’t writing anywhere else. A lifeline for many. If anyone has any doubts about couple of them wouldn’t allow anonymous that, watch what happens when they have one of comments, so I got an account. I started out their rare interruptions of service. People get reading twelve journals, and as friends arrived at frantic. We want to talk, we want to be entertained, LJ I added them to the list. we want to keep in touch. We want our LJ! By 2003 there was a considerable fannish presence. Lucy Huntzinger, writes as Athenais at I wasn’t online in time to be part of Genie, I’d Livejournal, a fanzine fan, former DUFF winner never really taken to Usenet, and I’d struggled and an early convert to online journals. with the interface at the WELL, so I’d never found any kind of online community to match the fanzine fandom experience. But that year it became Spike Parsons clear that all the things I liked best about zines, For me, LiveJournal is all about community, and conventions and online journals were available staying in touch with far away friends. I live in and thriving at LJ. It was incredibly interactive; California, but after years in fandom, and some within minutes of a post going up someone would visits to the UK for various SF conventions, I have comment. All my friends were there, or so it many friends and acquaintances in the UK. In 2002 seemed. The writing ranged from basic blogging to I was over for a
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Fan Funds
SUZANNE TOMPKINS AND TAFF In the late 40s special one-off funds were created to Jerry Kaufman bring one or two popular fans of the era to the United States for various Worldcons. Fans enjoyed What secrets do the mysterious initials T.A.F.F. getting to meet their “mail only” friends so much stand for? What does Suzanne Tompkins have to that folks on both sides of the Atlantic worked up do with them? a scheme to allow more people to travel at fandom’s expense. It’s true that Suzanne is part Welsh, but that does not mean that TAFF is an organization founded to So nearly every year since 1953, there’s been a fan reclaim the derogatory nickname for the Welsh in motion in one direction or another. Europe and people. Instead, it’s an arrangement called, in full, North America exchange honors, and after a the Trans-Atlantic Fan Fund. The fund has no legal person wins TAFF and makes the trip, he or she existence; instead, it goes on from year to year by takes on the task of administering the fund until agreement of the people who have supported it for the next winner from that side takes over. over fifty years. Administering includes fundraising, overseeing the next several elections (fandom at large votes In those primitive years long distance calls were for its favorites), publicizing the Fund, and doing too dear to be the usual method of communication, required record keeping. and fans seldom visited their overseas friends. Instead, they depended on the post. Incredibly, to So what does Suzanne have to do with it all? Well, the modern mind, fans mailed each other cards, after several months of campaigning by partisans letters, and their own fanzines, but they yearned of the various nominees, she won the TAFF for face time, to chatter away fannishly and drink election, and is the TAFF delegate to Interaction. beer together.
THE TAFF WINNERS 1981 -> Stu Shiffman 1982 <- Kevin Smith <- Westbound trip (Europe to North America) 1983 -> Avedon Carol -> Eastbound trip (North America to Europe) 1984 <- Rob Hansen (There are a few footnotes.) 1985 -> Patrick and Teresa Nielsen Hayden 1954 <- A. Vincent Clarke 1 1986 <- Gregory Pickersgill 1955 <- Ken Bulmer 1987 -> Jeanne Gomoll 1956 -> Lee Hoffman2 1988 <- Lilian Edwards and Christina Lake 1957 -> Bob Madle 1989 -> Robert Lichtman 1958 <- Ron Bennett 1991 <- Pam Wells 1959 -> Don Ford 1992 -> Jeanne Bowman 1960 <- Eric Bentcliffe 1993 <- Abigail Frost 1961 -> Ron Ellik 1995 -> Dan Steffan 1962 <- Ethel Lindsay 1996 <- Martin Tudor 1963 -> Wally Weber 1998 -> Ulrika O’Brien 1964 <- Arthur (ATom) Thomson 1998 <- Maureen Kincaid Speller 1965 -> Terry Carr 1999 -> Vijay Bowen 1966 <- Tom Schluck 2000 <- Sue Mason 1968 -> Steve Stiles 2001 -> Victor Gonzalez 1969 <- Eddie Jones 2002 <- Tobes Valois 1970 -> Elliot Shorter 2003 -> Randy Byers 1971 <- Mario Bosnyak 2004 <- James Bacon 1973 -> Len and June Moffat 2005 -> Suzle Tompkins 1974 <- Peter Weston Footnotes 1976 -> Roy Tackett and Bill Bowers (tie)3 1 Unable to make trip 1977 <- Pete Roberts 2 Declined funds 1979 -> Terry Hughes 3 Election tied; funds insufficient to send both; Bowers 1980 <- Dave Langford withdrew
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Suzle (a nickname her older brother gave her) Foyster; the first southbound winner was Joseph started her fannish life at Carnegie Mellon Nicholas. University in Pittsburgh. There she collaborated with Linda Eyster (Bushyager) to start the Western Since 1979 there have been thirteen races, seven Pennsylvania Science Fiction Association, the northbound and six southbound. All northbound fanzine Granfalloon, and a convention called winners have been Australian; two-thirds of “PghLange.” (James Bacon has no patent on funny southbound winners have been British. We present names.) these statistics for these reasons: to make it obvious that you don’t need to be British to stand From there she moved to New York, where she for the fund; to encourage the further-flung and Jerry Kaufman lived together and published Australasians to stand (we’re looking at you, New The Spanish Inquisition. After moving to Seattle in Zealand and Western Australia); and most of all to 1978, they got married and published more point out that thirteen races in twenty-six years is fanzines together; first Mainstream and then many fewer than one race per year. It has often Littlebrook. (It’s worth mentioning that both been a struggle to be able to run a race every year, SpanInq and Mainstream received Hugo because of the long distances and high costs nominations.) involved, but we are passionately committed to reducing the time between races. Perhaps in the Over the years, Suzle’s expertise in meeting first instance we can aim to run a race every planning, particularly dealing with hotels, has led eighteen months. Talk to us about your opinion: to Seattle fandom making her the Hotel Liaison for we think GUFF is a fine and flexible tradition and Potlatches, Corflu, and the Nebula Awards there should be more of it. Weekend. On a more personal note, we are very interested to Suzle’s other passions include T.E. Lawrence, meet people from a wide cross-section of European science fiction television, the Johnstown floods, fandom. We are a bit scared of live role-playing, and Italian cooking. She also likes white wine and but Juliette is a very keen Buffy fan and Damien is real ale. Buy her one, pull up a chair, and get to keen to add strange games to his collection: know her. currently he likes playing go and knurdling. We For more information on TAFF, visit: taff.org.uk. both still read science fiction and see movies. We speak two or three kinds of English and nearly Jerry Kaufman is married to Suzanne Tompkins. They three words of French and two of German, and we live in Seattle, Washington, where they publish will make strong efforts to learn to say hello in Littlebrook, a fanzine. many other languages. Come and teach us.
“AND THIS YEAR’S GUFF WINNERS ARE THE GUFF WINNERS ..... ” 1979 John Foyster Damien Warman 1981 Joseph Nicholas Damien Warman and Juliette Woods are this year’s 1984 Justin Ackroyd GUFF delegates. GUFF takes fans between 1985 Eve Harvey Australasia and Europe. The goal of the fund is to promote active fan links between these areas. We 1987 Irwin Hirsh interpret this to mean that we should meet as 1989 Roelof Goudriaan many people as possible. 1990 Roman Orszanski Usually we are quite shy and nervous about 1992 Eva Hauser introducing ourselves to people, but on the GUFF 1995 Ian Gunn & Karen Pender-Gunn trip shy and nervous is not allowed. Instead we 1999 Paul Kincaid will be loud and outgoing. Please feel happy to 2001 Eric Lindsay & Jean Weber talk to us: we look forward to meeting you. GUFF began in 1979, when Chris Priest suggested it to 2003 Pat McMurray Leigh Edmonds and Dave Langford, as a way to 2005 Damien Warman & Juliette Woods complete the triangle of fan funds linking Australasia and North America (DUFF) and North More information about GUFF can be found at Eric America and Britain (TAFF). Edmonds, Dave Lindsay’s website www.ericlindsay.com/guff/ Langford, and Rob Jackson acted as administrators and at Irwin Hirsh’s web pages for the first race. The first winner was John www.users.bigpond.net.au/hirsh/guff/guff.html 87 Splitting Infinity
88 Interaction HUGO NOMINATIONS FOR 2005
By the time you read this, it will, unfortunately, be too late to vote. We decided to keep the nominations list in the Souvenir Book, however, not only for completeness and because it is traditional, but also because it may help you decide on your purchase list when you visit the Bookroom.
BEST NOVEL The Algebraist by Iain M. Banks (Orbit) Iron Council by China Miéville (Del Rey; Macmillan) Iron Sunrise by Charles Stross (Ace) Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell by Susanna Clarke (Bloomsbury) River of Gods by Ian McDonald (Simon & Schuster)
BEST NOVELLA BEST SHORT STORY “The Concrete Jungle” by Charles Stross (The “The Best Christmas Ever” by James Patrick Kelly Atrocity Archives, Golden Gryphon Press) (Sci Fiction, scifi.com 5/26/04) “Elector” by Charles Stross (Asimov’s 09/04) “Decisions” by Michael A. Burstein (Analog 01-02/ 04) “Sergeant Chip” by Bradley Denton (Fantasy & Science Fiction 09/04) “A Princess of Earth” by Mike Resnick (Asimov’s 12/04) “Time Ablaze” by Michael A. Burstein (Analog 06/04) “Shed Skin” by Robert J. Sawyer (Analog 01-02/04) “Winterfair Gifts” by Lois McMaster Bujold “Travels with My Cats” by Mike Resnick (Asimov’s (Irresistible Forces NAL) 02/04)
BEST NOVELETTE BEST RELATED BOOK “Biographical Notes to ‘A Discourse on the Nature The Best of Xero by Pat and Dick Lupoff (Tachyon of Causality, with Air-Planes’ by Benjamin Publications) Rosenbaum” by Benjamin Rosenbaum (All-Star The Cambridge Companion to Science Fiction ed. Zeppelin Adventure Stories Wheatland) by Edward James and Farah Mendlesohn “The Clapping Hands of God” by Michael F. Flynn (Cambridge University Press) (Analog 07-08/04) Dancing Naked: The Unexpurgated William Tenn, “The Faery Handbag” by Kelly Link (The Faery Reel Volume 3 by William Tenn (NESFA Press) Viking) Futures: 50 Years in Space: The Challenge of the “The People of Sand and Slag” by Paolo Stars by David A. Hardy and Patrick Moore Bacigalupi (Fantasy & Science Fiction 02/04) (AAPPL; Harper Design International) “The Voluntary State” by Christopher Rowe (Sci With Stars in My Eyes: My Adventures in British Fiction, scifi.com 5/5/04) Fandom by Peter Weston (NESFA Press)
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BEST DRAMATIC PRESENTATION - LONG BEST PROFESSIONAL EDITOR FORM Ellen Datlow Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (Focus Gardner Dozois Features) Story by Charlie Kaufman & Michael David G. Hartwell Gondry & Pierre Bismuth; Screenplay by Charlie Stanley Schmidt Kaufman; Directed by Michael Gondry. Gordon Van Gelder Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban EST ROFESSIONAL RTIST (Warner Brothers) Written by Steve Kloves; Based B P A on the novel by J.K. Rowling; Directed by Alfonso Cuarón. Jim Burns Bob Eggleton The Incredibles (Walt Disney Pictures / Pixar Animation Studios) Written & Directed by Brad Frank Kelly Freas Bird Donato Giancola Sky Captain and The World of Tomorrow John Picacio (Paramount Pictures) Written & Directed by Kerry Conran BEST SEMIPROZINE Spider-Man 2 (Sony Pictures Entertainment / Ansible ed. by David Langford Columbia Pictures) Screen Story by Alfred Gough Interzone ed. by David Pringle and Andy Cox & Miles Millar and Michael Chabon; Screenplay by Locus ed. by Charles N. Brown Alvin Sargent; Based on the comic book by Stan The New York Review of Science Fiction ed. by Lee & Steve Ditko; Directed by Sam Raimi Kathryn Cramer, David G. Hartwell and Kevin J. Maroney EST RAMATIC RESENTATION HORT B D P - S The Third Alternative ed. by Andy Cox FORM BEST FAN WRITER Heroes Part 1 & 2 - Stargate SG-1 (MGM Television / The Sci Fi Channel) Written by Robert C. Cooper; Claire Brialey Directed by Andy Mikita Bob Devney Not Fade Away - Angel (20th Century Fox David Langford Television / Mutant Enemy) Written by Jeffrey Cheryl Morgan Bell & Joss Whedon; Directed by Jeffrey Bell Steven H Silver Pilot Episode - Lost (Touchstone Television / Bad Robot) Story by Jeffrey Lieber and J.J. Abrams & BEST FANZINE Damon Lindelof; Teleplay by J.J. Abrams & Banana Wings ed. by Claire Brialey and Mark Damon Lindelof; Directed by: J.J. Abrams Plummer Smile Time – Angel (20th Century Fox Television Challenger ed. by Guy H. Lillian III / Mutant Enemy) Story by Joss Whedon & Ben Edlund; Teleplay by Ben Edlund; Directed by Ben Chunga ed. by Randy Byers, Andy Hooper and Edlund Carl Juarez 33 - Battlestar Galactica (NBC Universal Television Emerald City ed. by Cheryl Morgan / The Sci Fi Channel) Written by Ronald D. Moore; Plokta ed. by Alison Scott, Steve Davies and Mike Directed by Michael Rymer Scott
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BEST FAN ARTIST JOHN W. CAMPBELL AWARD FOR BEST NEW WRITER Brad Foster Teddy Harvia (Not a Hugo Award – an award for best new science fiction writer of the past two years, sponsored by Dell Sue Mason Magazines and administered by the current Worldcon Steve Stiles committee.) Frank Wu Elizabeth Bear (second year of eligibility) BEST WEB SITE K.J. Bishop (second year of eligibility) eFanzines (www.efanzines.com) ed. by Bill Burns David Moles (second year of eligibility) Emerald City (www.emcit.com) ed. by Cheryl Chris Roberson (second year of eligibility) Morgan Steph Swainston (first year of eligibility) Locus Online (www.locusmag.com) ed. by Mark R. Kelly SciFiction (www.scifi.com/scifiction) ed. by Ellen Datlow, Craig Engler, general manager Strange Horizons (www.strangehorizons.com) Susan Marie Groppi, editor-in-chief
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Past Hugo Winners
2004 Novel: Paladin of Souls by Lois McMaster Bujold Dramatic Presentation: “The Lord of the Rings: Novella: “The Cookie Monster” by Vernor Vinge The Fellowship of the Ring” Novelette: “Legions in Time” by Michael Professional Editor: Ellen Datlow Swanwick Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Short Story: “A Study in Emerald” by Neil Gaiman Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Related Book: The Chesley Awards for Science Web Site: Locus Online Ficiton and Fantasy Art eds. John Grant, Elizabeth Fanzine: Ansible (Dave Langford, ed.) L. Humphrey, and Pamela D Scoville Fan Writer: Dave Langford Dramatic Presentation, Long Form: “The Lord of Fan Artist: Teddy Harvia the Rings: The Return of the King” Campbell Award: Jo Walton Dramatic Presentation, Short Form: “Gollum’s Acceptance Speech, 2003 MTV Movie Awards” 2001 Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Novel: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire by J K Professional Artist: Bob Eggleton Rowling Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N. Brown, ed.) Novella: “The Ultimate Earth” by Jack Williamson Fanzine: Emerald City (Cheryl Morgan, ed.) Novelette: “Millennium Babies” by Krsitine Fan Writer: Dave Langford Kathryn Rusch Fan Artist: Frank Wu Short Story: “Different Kinds of Darkness” by Campbell Award: Jay Lake David Langford 2003 Related Book: Greetings from Earth: The Art of Bob Eggleston by Eggleston and Suckling Novel: Hominids by Robert J Sawyer Dramatic Presentation: “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Novella: “Coraline” by Neil Gaiman Dragon” Novelette: “Slow Life” by Michael Swanwick Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Short Story: “Falling Onto Mars” by Geoffrey A Professional Artist: Bob Eggleton Landis Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N. Brown, ed.) Related Book: Better to Have Loved: The Life of Fanzine: File 770 (Mike Glyer, ed.) Judith Merril by Judith Merril and Emily Pohl- Fan Writer: Dave Langford Weary Fan Artist: Teddy Harvia Dramatic Presentation, Long Form: “The Lord of Campbell Award: Krsitine Smith the Rings: The Two Towers” Dramatic Presentation, Short Form: 2000 “Conversations with Dead People” Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Novel: A Deepness in the Sky by Vernor Vinge Professional Artist: Bob Eggleton Novella: “The Winds of Marble Arch” by Connie Semiprozine: Locus (ed. Charles N. Brown, Willis Jennifer A Hall, and Kirsten Gong-Wong) Novelette: “10 16 to 1” by James Patrick Kelly Fanzine: Mimosa (Nicki and Richard Lynch, ed.) Short Story: “Scherzo with Tyrannosaur” by Fan Writer: Dave Langford Michael Swanwick Fan Artist: Sue Mason Related Book: Science Fiction of the 20th Century Campbell Award: Wen Spencer by Fank M Robinson Dramatic Presentation: “GalaxyQuest” 2002 Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Novel: American Gods by Neil Gaiman Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Novella: “Fast Times at Fairmont High” by Vernor Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Vinge Fanzine: File 770 (Mike Glyer, ed.) Novelette: “Hell is the Absence of God” by Ted Fan Writer: Dave Langford Chiant Fan Artist: Joe Mayhew Short Story: “The Dog Said Bow-Wow” by Michael Campbell Award: Cory Doctorow Swanwick 1999 Related Book: The Art of Chesley Bonestell by Ron Miller and Frederick C. Durant 3rd with Melvin H Novel: To Say Nothing of the Dog by Connie Schuetz Willis 93 Splitting Infinity
Novella: “Oceanic” by Greg Egan Short Story: “The Lincoln Train” by Maureen F Novelette: “Taklamakan” by Bruce Sterling McHugh Short Story: “The Very Pulse of the Machine” by Non-Fiction Book: Science Fiction: The Illustrated Michael Swanwick Encyclopedia by John Clute Related Book: The Dreams Our Stuff is Made Of: Dramatic Presentation: “The Coming of Shadows” How Science Fiction Conquered the World by (Babylon 5) Thomas M Disch Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Dramatic Presentation: “The Truman Show” Professional Artist: Bob Eggleton Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Original Artwork: Dinotopia: The World Beneath Professional Artist: Bob Eggleton by James Gurney Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Fanzine: Ansible (Dave Langford, ed.) Fanzine: Ansible (Dave Langford, ed.) Fan Writer: Dave Langford Fan Writer: Dave Langford Fan Artist: Ian Gunn Fan Artist: William Rotsler Campbell Award: Nalo Hopkinson Campbell Award: David Feintuch 1998 1995 Novel: Forever Peace by Joe Haldeman Novel: Mirror Dance by Lois McMaster Bujold Novella: “...Where Angels Fear To Tread” by Allen Novella: “Seven Views of Olduvai Gorge” by Mike Steele Resnick Novelette: “We Will Drink A Fish Together” by Novelette: “The Martian Child” by David Gerrold Bill Johnson Short Story: “None So Blind” by Joe Haldeman Short Story: “The 43 Antarean Dynasties” by Mike Non-Fiction Book: I Asimov: A Memoir by Isaac Resnick Asimov Non-Fiction Book: The Encyclopedia of Fantasy Dramatic Presentation: “All Good Things” (Star edited by John Clute & John Grant Trek: The Next Generation) Dramatic Presentation: “Contact” Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Professional Artist: Jim Burns Professional Artist: Bob Eggleton Original Artwork: Lady Cottington’s Pressed Fairy Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Book by Brian Froud Fanzine: Mimosa (Nicki & Richard Lynch, ed.) Semiprozine: Interzone (David Pringle, ed.) Fan Writer: Dave Langford Fanzine: Ansible (Dave Langford, ed.) Fan Artist: Joe Mayhew Fan Writer: Dave Langford Campbell Award: Mary Doria Russell Fan Artist: Teddy Harvia Campbell Award: Jeff Noon 1997 Novel: Blue Mars by Kim Stanley Robinson 1994 Novella: “Blood of The Dragon” by George R R Novel: Green Mars by Kim Stanley Robinson Martin Novella: “Down in the Bottomlands” by Harry Novelette: “Bicycle Repairman” by Bruce Sterling Turtledove Short Story: “The Soul Selects Her Own Society ...” Novelette: “Georgia on My Mind” by Charles by Connie Willis Sheffield Non-Fiction Book: Time & Chance by L Sprague de Short Story: “Death on the Nile” by Connie Willis Camp Non-Fiction Book: The Encyclopedia of Science Dramatic Presentation: “Severed Dreams” Fiction by John Clute and Peter Nichols (Babylon 5) Dramatic Presentation: Jurassic Park Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Professional Editor: Kristine Kathryn Rusch Professional Artist: Bob Eggleton Professional Artist: Bob Eggleton Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Original Artwork: Space Fantasy Commemorative Fanzine: Mimosa (Nicki & Richard Lynch, ed.) Stamp Booklet by Stephen Hickman Fan Writer: Dave Langford Semiprozine: Science Fiction Chronicle (Andrew Fan Artist: William Rotsler Porter, ed.) Campbell Award: Michael A Burstein Fanzine: Mimosa (Dick & Nicki Lynch, eds.) Fan Writer: Dave Langford 1996 Fan Artist: Brad W Foster Novel: The Diamond Age by Neal Stephenson Campbell Award: Amy Thomson Novella: “The Death of Captain Future” by Allen Steele 1993 Novelette: “Think Like a Dinosaur” by James Novel: A Fire Upon the Deep by Vernon Vinge Patrick Kelly Doomsday Book by Connie Willis (tie) 94 Interaction
Novella: “Barnacle Bill the Spacer” by Lucius Fan Artist: Brad W Foster Shepard Campbell Award: Ted Chiang Novelette: “The Nutcracker Coup” by Janet Kagan Short Story: “Even the Queen” by Connie Willis 1991 Non-Fiction Book: A Wealth of Fable: An informal Novel: The Vor Game by Lois McMaster Bujold history of science fiction in the 1950s by Harry Novella: “The Hemingway Hoax” by Joe Warner, Jr. Haldeman Dramatic Presentation: “The Inner Light” (Star Novelette: “The Manamouki” by Mike Resnick Trek: The Next Generation) Short Story: “Bears Discover Fire” by Terry Bisson Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Non-Fiction Book: How to Write Science Fiction Professional Artist: Don Maitz and Fantasy by Orson Scott Card Original Artwork: Dinotopia by James Gurney Dramatic Presentation: Edward Scissorhands Semiprozine: Science Fiction Chronicle (Andrew Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Porter, ed.) Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Fanzine: Mimosa (Dick & Nicki Lynch, eds.) Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Fan Writer: Dave Langford Fanzine: Lan’s Lantern (George Laskowski, ed.) Fan Artist: Peggy Ranson Fan Writer: Dave Langford Campbell Award: Laura Resnick Fan Artist: Teddy Harvia Special Award: Takumi Shibano Campbell Award: Julia Ecklar 1992 Special Award: Andrew I Porter for many years of excellence in editing SF Chronicle Novel: Barrayar by Lois McMaster Bujold Special Award: Elst Weinstein for starting up and Novella: “Beggars in Spain” by Nancy Kress continuing the Hogus Novelette: “Gold” by Isaac Asimov Short Story: “A Walk in the Sun” by Geoffrey A. 1990 Landis Novel: Hyperion by Dan Simmons Non-Fiction Book: The World of Charles Addams Novella: “The Mountains of Mourning” by Lois by Charles Addams McMaster Bujold Dramatic Presentation: Terminator 2 Novelette: “Enter a Soldier. Later: Enter Another” Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois by Robert Silverberg Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Short Story: “Boobs” by Suzy McKee Charnas Original Artwork: cover of The Summer Queen by Non-Fiction Book: The World Beyond the Hill by Michael Whelan Alexei & Cory Panshin Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Dramatic Presentation: Indiana Jones and the Last Fanzine: Mimosa (Dick & Nicki Lynch, eds.) Crusade Fan Writer: Dave Langford Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Professional Artist: Don Maitz Original Artwork: cover of Rimrunners by Don Maitz Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Fanzine: The Mad 3 Party (Leslie Turek, ed.) Fan Writer: Dave Langford Fan Artist: Stu Shiffman Campbell Award: Kristine Kathryn Rusch 1989 Novel: Cyteen by C J Cherryh Novella: “The Last of the Winnebagos” by Connie Willis Novelette: “Schr?dinger’s Kitten” by George Alec Effinger Short Story: “Kirinyaga” by Mike Resnick Non-Fiction Book: The Motion of Light in Water by Samuel R Delany Dramatic Presentation: Who Framed Roger Rabbit Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Fanzine: File 770 (Mike Glyer, ed.)
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Fan Writer: Dave Langford Professional Editor: Judy-Lynn del Rey (declined Fan Artist: Brad Foster and Diana by Lester del Rey) Gallagher Wu (tie) Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Campbell Award: Michaela Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Roessner Fanzine: Lan’s Lantern (George Laskowski, ed.) Special Award: SF-Lovers Digest Fan Writer: Mike Glyer for pioneering the use of computer Fan Artist: joan hanke-woods bulletin boards in fandom Campbell Award: Melissa Scott Special Award: Alex Schomburg for lifetime achievement in science fiction art 1985 Novel: Neuromancer by William Gibson 1988 Novella: “Press Enter []” by John Varley Novel: The Uplift War by David Brin Novelette: “Bloodchild” by Octavia Butler Novella: “Eye for Eye” by Orson Scott Card Short Story: “The Crystal Spheres” by David Brin Novelette: “Buffalo Gals, Won’t You Non-Fiction Book: Wonder’s Child: My Come Out Tonight” by Ursula K Le Guin Life in Science Fiction by Jack Short Story: “Why I Left Harry’s All- Williamson Night Hamburgers” by Lawrence Watt- Dramatic Presentation: 2010 Evans Professional Editor: Terry Carr Non-Fiction Book: Michael Whelan’s Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Works of Wonder by Michael Whelan Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, Other Forms: Watchmen by Alan Moore ed.) and Dave Gibbons Fanzine: File 770 (Mike Glyer, ed.) Dramatic Presentation: The Princess Bride Fan Writer: Dave Langford Professional Editor: Gardner Dozois Fan Artist: Alexis Gilliland Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Campbell Award: Lucius Shepard Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Fanzine: Texas SF Inquirer (Pat Mueller, ed.) 1984 Fan Writer: Mike Glyer Novel: Startide Rising by David Brin Fan Artist: Brad Foster Novella: “Cascade Point” by Timothy Zahn Campbell Award: Judith Moffett Novelette: “Blood Music” by Greg Bear Special Award: The SF Oral History Association Short Story: “Speech Sounds” by Octavia Butler Non-Fiction Book: Encyclopedia of Science Fiction 1987 and Fantasy, vol. III, by Donald Tuck Novel: Speaker for the Dead by Orson Scott Card Dramatic Presentation: Return of the Jedi Novella: “Gilgamesh in the Outback” by Robert Professional Editor: Shawna McCarthy Silverberg Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Novelette: “Permafrost” by Roger Zelazny Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Short Story: “Tangents” by Greg Bear Fanzine: File 770 (Mike Glyer, ed.) Non-Fiction Book: Trillion Year Spree by Brian Fan Writer: Mike Glyer Aldiss with David Wingrove Fan Artist: Alexis Gilliland Dramatic Presentation: Aliens Campbell Award: R A MacAvoy Professional Editor: Terry Carr Special Award: Larry T Shaw for lifetime Professional Artist: Jim Burns achievement as a science fiction editor Semiprozine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Special Award: Robert Bloch for fifty years as a Fanzine: Ansible (Dave Langford, ed.) science fiction professional Fan Writer: Dave Langford Fan Artist: Brad Foster 1983 Campbell Award: Karen Joy Fowler Novel: Foundation’s Edge by Isaac Asimov Novella: “Souls” by Joanna Russ 1986 Novelette: “Fire Watch” by Connie Willis Novel: Ender’s Game by Orson Scott Card Short Story: “Melancholy Elephants” by Spider Novella: “Twenty-four Views of Mount Fuji, by Robinson Hokusai” by Roger Zelazny Non-Fiction Book: Isaac Asimov: The Foundations Novelette: “Paladin of the Lost Hour” by Harlan of Science Fiction by James E Gunn Ellison Dramatic Presentation: Blade Runner Short Story: “Fermi and Frost” by Frederik Pohl Professional Editor: Edward L Ferman Non-Fiction Book: Science Made Stupid by Tom Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Weller Fanzine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Dramatic Presentation: Back to the Future Fan Writer: Richard E Geis 98 Interaction
Fan Artist: Alexis Gilliland Fan Writer: Bob Shaw Campbell Award: Paul O Williams Fan Artist: Bill Rotsler Campbell Award: Stephen R Donaldson 1982 Gandalf Award (Grand Master): Ursula K Le Guin Novel: Downbelow Station by C J Cherryh Gandalf Award (Book-Length Fantasy): The White Novella: “The Saturn Game” by Poul Anderson Dragon by Anne McCaffrey Novelette: “Unicorn Variation” by Roger Zelazny Short Story: “The Pusher” by John Varley 1978 Non-Fiction Book: Novel: The Snow Queen by Novel: Gateway by Frederik Pohl Joan D Vinge Novella: “Stardance” by Spider and Jeanne Novella: “Lost Dorsai” by Gordon R Dickson Robinson Novelette: “The Cloak and the Staff” by Gordon R Novelette: “Eyes of Amber” by Joan D Vinge Dickson Short Story: “Jeffty Is Five” by Harlan Ellison Short Story: “Grotto of the Dancing Deer” by Dramatic Presentation: Star Wars Clifford D Simak Professional Editor: George H Scithers Non-Fiction Book: Cosmos by Carl Sagan Professional Artist: Rick Sternbach Dramatic Presentation: The Empire Strikes Back Amateur Magazine: Locus (Charles and Dena Professional Editor: Edward L Ferman Brown, eds.) Professional Artist: Michael Whelan Fan Writer: Richard E Geis Fanzine: Locus (Charles N Brown, ed.) Fan Artist: Phil Foglio Fan Writer: Susan Wood Campbell Award: Orson Scott Card Fan Artist: Victoria Poyser Gandalf Award (Grand Master): Poul Anderson Campbell Award: Somtow Sucharitkul Gandalf Award (Book-Length Fantasy): The Special Award: Edward L Ferman for his effort to Silmarillion by J R R Tolkien (ed. by Christopher expand and improve the field Tolkien) 1980 1977 Novel: The Fountains of Paradise by Arthur C Novel: Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang by Kate Clarke Wilhelm Novella: “Enemy Mine” by Barry B Longyear Novella: “By Any Other Name” by Spider Novelette: “Sandkings” by George R R Martin Robinson and “Houston, Houston, Do You Read?” Short Story: “The Way of Cross and Dragon” by by James Tiptree, Jr. (tie) George R R Martin Novelette: “The Bicentennial Man” by Isaac Non-Fiction Book: The Science Fiction Asimov Encyclopedia (Peter Short Story: “Tricentennial” by Joe Haldeman Nicholls, ed.) Dramatic Presentation: (No Award) Dramatic Presentation: Alien Professional Editor: Ben Bova Professional Editor: George Professional Artist: Rick Sternbach H Scithers Amateur Magazine: Science Fiction Review Professional Artist: Michael (Richard E Geis, ed.) Whelan Fan Writer: Susan Wood and Richard E Geis (tie) Fanzine: Locus (Charles N Fan Artist: Phil Foglio Brown, ed.) Campbell Award: C J Cherryh Fan Writer: Bob Shaw Special Award: George Lucas for Star Wars Fan Artist: Alexis Gilliland Gandalf Award (Grand Master): Andre Norton Campbell Award: Barry B Longyear Gandalf Award (Grand Master): Ray Bradbury 1976 Novel: The Forever War by Joe Haldeman 1979 Novella: “Home Is the Hangman” by Roger Novel: Dreamsnake by Vonda McIntyre Zelazny Novella: “The Persistence of Vision” by John Novelette: “The Borderland of Sol” by Larry Niven Varley Short Story: “Catch That Zeppelin!” by Fritz Leiber Novelette: “Hunter’s Moon” by Poul Anderson Dramatic Presentation: A Boy and Short Story: “Cassandra” by C J Cherryh His Dog Dramatic Presentation: Superman Professional Editor: Ben Bova Professional Editor: Ben Bova Professional Artist: Frank Kelly Freas Professional Artist: Vincent DiFate Fanzine: Locus (Charles and Dena Fanzine: Science Fiction Review (Richard E Geis, Brown, eds.) ed.) Fan Writer: Richard E Geis
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Fan Artist: Tim Kirk Novelette: “Goat Song” by Poul Anderson Campbell Award: Tom Reamy Short Story: “Eurema’s Dam” by R A Lafferty and Special Award: James E Gunn for Alternate “The Meeting” by Frederik Pohl and C M Worlds, The Illustrated History of Science Fiction Kornbluth (tie) Gandalf Award (Grand Master): L Sprague de Dramatic Presentation: Slaughterhouse-Five Camp Professional Editor: Ben Bova Professional Artist: Frank Kelly Freas 1975 Amateur Magazine: Energumen (Mike Glicksohn Novel: The Dispossessed by Ursula K Le Guin and Susan Wood Glicksohn, eds.) Novella: “A Song for Lya” by George R R Martin Fan Writer: Terry Carr Novelette: “Adrift Just Off the Islets of Fan Artist: Tim Kirk Langerhans” by Harlan Ellison Campbell Award: Jerry Pournelle Short Story: “The Hole Man” by Larry Niven Special Award: Pierre Versins for L’Encyclopedie Dramatic Presentation: Young Frankenstein de l’Utopie et de la science fiction Professional Editor: Ben Bova Professional Artist: Frank Kelly Freas 1972 Amateur Magazine: The Alien Critic (Richard E Novel: To Your Scattered Bodies Go by Philip José Geis, ed.) Farmer Fan Writer: Richard E Geis Novella: “The Queen of Air and Darkness” by Fan Artist: Bill Rotsler Poul Anderson Campbell Award: P J Plauger Short Story: “Inconstant Moon” by Larry Niven Special Award: Donald A Wollheim as “the fan Dramatic Presentation: A Clockwork Orange who has done everything” Professional Magazine: Fantasy & Science Fiction Special Award: Walt Lee for Reference Guide to Professional Artist: Frank Kelly Freas Fantastic Films Amateur Magazine: Locus (Charles and Dena Gandalf Award (Grand Master): Fritz Leiber Brown, eds.) 1974 Fan Writer: Harry Warner, Jr. Fan Artist: Tim Kirk Novel: Rendezvous with Rama by Arthur C Clarke Special Award: Harlan Ellison for excellence in Novella: “The Girl Who Was Plugged In” by James anthologizing (Again, Dangerous Visions) Tiptree, Jr. Special Award: Club du Livre d’Anticipation Novelette: “The Deathbird” by Harlan Ellison (France) for excellence in book production Short Story: “The Ones Who Walk Away from Special Award: Nueva Dimension (Spain) for Omelas” by Ursula K Le Guin excellence in magazine production Dramatic Presentation: Sleeper Professional Editor: Ben Bova 1971 Professional Artist: Frank Kelly Freas Novel: Ringworld by Larry Niven Amateur Magazine: Algol (Andy Porter, ed.) and Novella: “Ill Met in Lankhmar” by Fritz Leiber The Alien Critic (Richard E Geis, ed.) (tie) Short Story: “Slow Sculpture” by Theodore Fan Writer: Susan Wood Sturgeon Fan Artist: Tim Kirk Dramatic Presentation: (No Award) Campbell Award: Spider Robinson and Lisa Tuttle Professional Magazine: Fantasy & Science Fiction (tie) Professional Artist: Leo and Diane Dillon Special Award: Chesley Bonestell for his Fanzine: Locus (Charles and Dena Brown, eds.) illustrations Fan Writer: Richard E Geis Gandalf Award (Grand Master): J R R Tolkien Fan Artist: Alicia Austin 1973 [year] [category] Novel: The Gods Themselves by Isaac Asimov 1970 Novella: “The Word for World Is Forest” by Novel: The Left Hand of Darkness by Ursula K Le Ursula K Le Guin Guin 100 Interaction
Novella: “Ship of Shadows” by Fritz Leiber Fanzine: Niekas (Ed Meskys and Felice Rolfe, eds) Short Story: “Time Considered as a Helix of Semi- Fan Writer: Alexei Panshin Precious Stones” by Samuel R Delany Fan Artist: Jack Gaughan Dramatic Presentation: News coverage of Apollo Special Award: CBS Television for 21st Century XI Professional Magazine: Fantasy & Science Fiction 1966 Professional Artist: Frank Kelly Freas Novel: ... And Call Me Conrad by Roger Zelazny Fanzine: Science Fiction Review (Richard E Geis, and Dune by Frank Herbert (tie) ed.) Short Fiction: “ ‘Repent, Harlequin!’ Said the Fan Writer: Bob Tucker Ticktockman” by Harlan Ellison Fan Artist: Tim Kirk Professional Magazine: If 1969 Professional Artist: Frank Frazetta Amateur Magazine: ERB-dom (Camille Novel: Stand on Zanzibar by John Brunner Cazedessus, Jr., ed.) Novella: “Nightwings” by Robert Silverberg Best All-Time Series: the “Foundation” series by Novelette: “The Sharing of Flesh” by Poul Isaac Asimov Anderson Short Story: “The Beast That Shouted Love at the 1965 Heart of the World” by Harlan Ellison Novel: The Wanderer by Fritz Leiber Dramatic Presentation: 2001: A Space Odyssey Short Story: “Soldier, Ask Not” by Gordon R Professional Magazine: Fantasy & Science Fiction Dickson Professional Artist: Jack Gaughan Special Drama: Dr Strangelove Fanzine: Science Fiction Review (Richard E Geis, Magazine: Analog ed.) Artist: John Schoenherr Fan Writer: Harry Warner, Jr. Publisher: Ballantine Fan Artist: Vaughn Bod? Fanzine: Yandro (Robert and Juanita Coulson, Special Award: Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin, eds.) and Michael Collins for “The Best Moon Landing Ever” 1964 1968 Novel: Way Station by Clifford D Simak Short Fiction: “No Truce with Kings” by Poul Novel: Lord of Light by Roger Zelazny Anderson Novella: “Weyr Search” by Anne McCaffrey and Professional Magazine: Analog “Riders of the Purple Wage” by Philip José Farmer Professional Artist: Ed Emshwiller (tie) SF Book Publisher: Ace Books Novelette: “Gonna Roll Them Bones” by Fritz Amateur Magazine: Amra (George Scithers, ed.) Leiber Short Story: “I Have No Mouth, and I Must 1963 Scream” by Harlan Ellison Novel: The Man in the High Castle by Philip K Dramatic Presentation: “City on the Edge of Dick Forever” (Star Trek, by Harlan Ellison) Short Fiction: “The Dragon Masters” by Jack Vance Professional Magazine: If Dramatic Presentation: (No Award) Professional Artist: Jack Gaughan Fanzine: Amra (George Scithers, ed.) Fan Writer: Ted White Fan Artist: George Barr Special Award: Harlan Ellison for Dangerous Visions Special Award: Gene Roddenberry for Star Trek 1967 Novel: The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress by Robert A Heinlein Novelette: “The Last Castle” by Jack Vance Short Story: “Neutron Star” by Larry Niven Dramatic Presentation: “The Menagerie” (Star Trek) Professional Magazine: If Professional Artist: Jack Gaughan
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Professional Magazine: Fantasy & Science Fiction Novelette: “The Big Front Yard” by Clifford D Professional Artist: Roy G Krenkel Simak Amateur Magazine: Xero (Richard and Pat Lupoff, Short Story: “That Hell-Bound Train” by Robert eds.) Bloch Special Award: P Schuyler Miller for book reviews SF or Fantasy Movie: (No Award) in Analog Professional Magazine: Fantasy & Science Fiction Special Award: Isaac Asimov for science articles in Professional Artist: Frank Kelly Freas Fantasy & Science Fiction Amateur Magazine: Fanac (Ron Ellik and Terry Carr, eds.) 1962 New Author of 1958: (No Award, but Brian W Novel: Stranger in a Strange Land by Robert A Aldiss received a plaque as runner-up) Heinlein 1958 Short Fiction: the “Hothouse” series by Brian W Aldiss Novel or Novelette: The Big Time by Fritz Leiber Dramatic Presentation: The Twilight Zone Short Story: “Or All the Seas With Oysters” by Professional Magazine: Analog Avram Davidson Professional Artist: Ed Emshwiller Outstanding Movie: The Incredible Shrinking Man Fanzine: Warhoon (Richard Bergeron, ed.) Magazine: Fantasy & Science Fiction Special Award: Cele Goldsmith for editing Outstanding Artist: Frank Kelly Freas Amazing and Fantastic Outstanding Actifan: Walter A Willis Special Award: Donald H Tuck for The Handbook of Science Fiction and Fantasy 1957 Special Award: Fritz Leiber and the Hoffman American Professional Magazine: Astounding Electric Corp for the use of science fiction in British Professional Magazine: New Worlds advertisements Fan Magazine: Science-Fiction Times (James V 1961 Taurasi, Sr., Ray Van Houten, and Frank Prieto, eds.) Novel: A Canticle for Leibowitz by Walter M Miller, Jr. 1956 Short Fiction: “The Longest Voyage” by Poul Novel: Double Star by Robert A Heinlein Anderson Novelette: “Exploration Team” by Murray Leinster Dramatic Presentation: The Twilight Zone Short Story: “The Star” by Arthur C Clarke Professional Magazine: Astounding/Analog Feature Writer: Willy Ley Professional Artist: Ed Emshwiller Magazine: Astounding Fanzine: Who Killed Science Fiction? (Earl Kemp, Artist: Frank Kelly Freas ed.) Fan Magazine: Inside & Science Fiction Advertiser 1960 (Ron Smith, ed.) Most Promising New Author: Robert Silverberg Novel: Starship Troopers by Robert A Heinlein Book Reviewer: Damon Knight Short Fiction: “Flowers for Algernon” by Daniel Keyes 1955 Dramatic Presentation: The Twilight Zone Novel: They’d Rather Be Right by Mark Clifton Professional Magazine: Fantasy & Science Fiction and Frank Riley Professional Artist: Ed Emshwiller Novelette: “The Darfsteller” by Walter M Miller, Fanzine: Cry of the Nameless (F M and Elinor Jr. Busby, Burnett Toskey, and Wally Weber, eds.) Short Story: “Allamagoosa” by Eric Frank Russell Special Award: Hugo Gernsback as “The Father of Magazine: Astounding Magazine Science Fiction” Artist: Frank Kelly Freas 1959 Fan Magazine: Fantasy Times (James V Taurasi, Sr. and Ray Van Houten, eds.) Novel: A Case of Conscience by James Blish Special Award: Sam Moskowitz as “Mystery Guest” and for his work on past conventions 1954 (awarded in 2004) Novel: Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury Novella: “A Case of Conscience” by James Blish Novelette: “Earthman, Come Home” by James Blish
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Short Story: “The Nine Billion Names of God” by Novella: “The Man Who Sold the Moon” by Robert Arthur C Clarke A Heinlein Related Book: Conquest of the Moon by Wernher Novelette: “The Little Black Bag” by C M von Braun, Fred L Wipple, and Willy Ley Kornbluth Dramatic Presentation, Short Form: “The War of Short Story: “To Serve Man” by Damon Knight the Worlds” Paramount Pictures, Directed by Dramatic Presentation: Destination Moon Byron Haskin, screenplay by Barre Lyndon, based Professional Editor: John W Campbell, Jr. on a novel by H G Wells Professional Artist: Kelly Freas Professional Editor: John W Campbell, Jr. Fanzine: Science Fiction News Letter (Bob Tucker, Professional Artist: Chesley Bonestell ed.) Fanzine: Slant ed. Walt Willis, art ed. James White Fan Writer: Bob Silverberg Fan Writer: Bob Tucker Fan Artist: Jack Gaughan 1953 1946 (awarded in 1996) Novel: The Demolished Man by Alfred Bester Novel: The Mule by Isaac Asimov Professional Magazine: Galaxy and Astounding Novella: “Animal Farm” by George Orwell (tie) Novelette: “First Contact” by Murray Leinster Excellence in Fact Articles: Willy Ley Short Story: “Uncommon Sense” by Hal Clement Cover Artist: Ed Emshwiller and Hannes Bok (tie) Dramatic Presentation: The Picture of Dorian Gray Interior Illustrator: Virgil Finlay Professional Editor: John W Campbell, Jr. New SF Author or Artist: Philip José Farmer Professional Artist: Virgil Finlay Number 1 Fan Personality: Forest J Ackerman Fanzine: Voice of the Imagi-Nation (Forest J Ackerman, ed.) 1951 (awarded in 2001) Fan Writer: Forest J Ackerman Novel: Farmer in the Sky by Robert A Heinlein Fan Artist: William Rotsler
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Eurocons
In addition to being the Worldcon, Interaction will also be the 2005 Eurocon. Eurocons were started in 1972 with the aim of cementing closer links between the disparate parts of European science fiction. They are organised by The European Science Fiction Society – an international organisation of SF professionals and fans who are committed to promoting Science Fiction in Europe and European Science Fiction worldwide. The organisation also administers the European SF Awards.
Dates Location Name Guests of Honour 12-16 July 1972 Trieste, Italy Eurocon 72 8-13 July 1974 Grenoble, France Eurocon 74 19-22 Aug 1976 Poznan, Poland Eurocon 76 1-5 Nov 1978 Bruxelles, Belgium Eurocon 78 1-4 May 1980 Stresa, Italy Eurocon 80 20-22 Aug 1982 Münchengladbach, W Germany Eurocon 82 16-18 Sep 1983 Ljubljana, Yogoslavia Eurocon 83 20-23 Apr 1984 Brighton, United Kingdom SeaCon 841 Chris Priest, Roger Zelazny, Pierre Barbet, Josef Nesvadba, Waldemar Kumming 10-13 Jul 1986 Zagreb, Yugoslavia BallCon 29 Oct –1 Nov 1987 Montpellier, France Eurocon 87 7-10 Jul 1988 Budapest, Hungary Eurocon 88 18-21 May 1989 San Marino, San Marino Eurocon 89 1-4 Nov 1990 Fayence, France Eurocon 90 9-12 May 1991 Krakow, Poland CraCon 24-26 Apr 1992 Freudenstadt, Germany2 FreuCon XII John Brunner, Iain M Banks, Norman Spinrad and Daniel Walther 8-12 Apr 1993 Saint Helier, Jersey Helicon3 John Brunner, George R R Martin, Karel Thole, and Larry van der Putte 26-29 May 1994 Timisoara, Romania Eurocon John Brunner, Herbert Franke, Joe Haldeman, Moebius, Norman Spinrad, Peter Cucska4 24-28 Aug 1995 Glasgow, Scotland Intersection Samuel R. Delany (writer) Gerry Anderson (media) Les Edwards (artist) Vincent Clarke (fan)5 25-28 Apr 1996 Vilnius, Lithuania LithuaniCon 25-27 Oct 1997 Dublin, Ireland Octocon Harry Harrison6 1998 – There is a suggestion that an SF event at Koenigsbrunn, Germany was a Eurocon 20-24 May 1999 Dortmund, Germany Trinity7 Eric Stillwell 2-6 Aug 2000 Gdansk, Poland Tricity 2000 16-19 Aug 2001 Capidava, Romania Atlantykron Norman Spinrad, Joe Haldeman and Ion Hobana 4-7 Jul 2002 Chotebor, Czech Republic ParCon8 George R.R. Martin, Robert Holdstock, Jim Burns, Myra Cakan, Kyril Bulycov and Andrei Sapkowski, Rafal Ziemkiwicz, Ernst Uleck, Isobelle Carmody, William King, Jaroslav Velinsky, Phillipe Coriat, Ondjej Neff, Klaus N Frick, Martina Pilcerova. 1-3 Aug 2003 Turku, Finland Finncon9 Michael Swanwick, Stephen J Sansweet, Bjørn Tore Sund, Karolina B Mickos, Boris Hurtta, Jonathan Clements 5-8 Aug 2004 Plovdiv, Bulgaria10 BulganCon Robert Sheckley, Ian Watson, Sergey Lukyanenko, Andrzej Sapkowski, Patrick J Gyger
1 35th Eastercon / UK national convention 2 Was to have been Zagreb but Yugoslavian conflict required a venue change 3 44th Eastercon / UK national convention 4 Special Guests: Jack Cohen, Jonathan Cowie, Gay Haldeman, Bridget Wilkinson, Lee Wood and Roberto Quaglia 5 Toast Masters Diane Duane & Peter Moorwood; joint with the 53rd Worldcon 6 Original GoH, Robert Jordan, cancelled at the very last minute – Harry graciously took his place; also the 8th Irish national convention 7 This was also the SFCD-Con/German national convention 8 The Czech & Slovak national convention 9 Also the 10th Finnish national convention 10 Also the Bulgarian national convention 107 Splitting Infinity
108 Interaction World Science Fiction Conventions Name & Date City Site Guest(s) Chairman Attendance
1 - Nycon I New York Caravan Hall Frank R. Paul Sam Moskowitz 200 2-4 July 1939
2 - Chicon I Chicago Hotel Chicagoan E. E. “Doc” Smith Mark Reinsberg 128 1-2 Sep 1940
3 - Denvention I Denver Shirley-Savoy Hotel Robert A. Heinlein Olon F. Wiggins 90 4-6 Jul 1941
1942 – 1945 Worldcon was not held due to World War II
4 - Pacificon I Los Angeles Park View Manor E. Van Vogt Walter J. Daugherty 130 30 Aug-1 Sep 1946 E. Mayne Hull
5 - Philcon I Philadelphia Penn-Sheraton Hotel John W. Campbell, Jr. Milton Rothman 200 30 Aug-1 Sep 1947 L Jerome Stanton (Toastmaster)
6 - Torcon I Toronto RAI Purdy Studios Robert Bloch (pro) Ned McKeown 200 3-5 Jul 1948 Bob Tucker (fan)
7 – Cinvention Cincinnati Hotel Metropole Lloyd A. Eshbach (pro) Don Ford 190 3-5 Sep 1949 Ted Carnell (fan)
8 – NorWesCon Portland Multnomah Hotel Anthony Boucher Donald B. Day 400 1-4 Sep 1950 Theodore Sturgeon (Toastmaster)
9 - Nolacon I New Orleans St. Charles Hotel Fritz Leiber Harry B. Moore 190 1-3 Sep 1951
10 – TASFiC Chicago Hotel Morrison Hugo Gernsback Julian C. May 870 30 Aug - 1 Sep 1952
11 - 11th Worldcon Philadelphia Bellevue-Strafford Willy Ley Milton Rothman 750 5-7 Sep 1953 Hotel Isaac Asimov (Toastmaster)
12 – SFCon San Francisco Sir Francis Drake John W. Campbell, Jr. Lester Cole 700 3-6 Sep 1954 Hotel Robert Bloch (Toastmaster) Gary Nelson
13 – Clevention Cleveland Manger Hotel Isaac Asimov (pro) Nick Falasca 380 2-5 Sep 1955 Sam Moskowitz (mystery GoH) Noreen Falasca Anthony Boucher (Toastmaster)
14 - NyCon II New York Biltmore Hotel Arthur C. Clarke David A. Kyle 850 31 Aug-3 Sep 1956 Robert Bloch (Toastmaster)
15 - Loncon I London King’s Court Hotel John W. Campbell, Jr. Ted Carnell 268 6-9 Sep 1957
16 – Solacon South Gate Alexandria Hotel Richard Matheson Anna S. Moffatt 322 29 Aug-1 Sep 1958 California Anthony Boucher (Toastmaster)
17 – Detention Detroit Pick-Fort Shelby Poul Anderson (pro) Roger Sims 371 4-7 Sep 1959 Hotel John Berry (fan) Fred Prophet
18 – Pittcon Pittsburgh Penn-Sheraton Hotel James Blish Dirce Archer 568 3-5 Sept 1960 Isaac Asimov (Toastmaster)
19 – Seacon Seattle Hyatt House Robert A. Heinlein Wally Weber 300 2-4 Sep 1961 Harlan Ellison (Toastmaster)
20 - Chicon III Chicago Pick-Congress Hotel Theodore Sturgeon Earl Kemp 550 31 Aug-3 Sep 1962 Wilson Tucker (Toastmaster)
21 - Discon I Washington, DC Statler-Hilton Hotel Murray Leinster George Scithers 600 31 Aug-2 Sep 1963 Isaac Asimov (Toastmaster)
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Name & Date City Site Guest(s) Chairman Attendance
22 - Pacificon II Oakland Hotel Leamington Leigh Brackett (pro) J. Ben Stark 523 4-7 Sep 1964 Edmond Hamilton (pro) Al haLevy Forrest J Ackerman (fan) Anthony Boucher (Toastmaster)
23 - Loncon II London Mount Royal Hotel Brian W. Aldiss Ella Parker 350 27-30 Aug 1965 Tom Boardman (Toastmaster)
24 – Tricon Cleveland Sheraton-Cleveland L. Sprague de Camp Ben Jason 850 1-5 Sep 1966 Isaac Asimov (Toastmaster) Howard DeVore and Lou Tabalow
25 - Nycon 3 New York Statler-Hilton Hotel Lester del Rey (pro) Ted White 1,500 31 Aug-4 Sep 1967 Bob Tucker (fan) Dave Van Arnam Harlan Ellison (Toastmaster)
26 – Baycon Oakland Hotel Claremont Philip Jose Farmer (pro) Bill Donaho 1,430 29 Aug-2 Sep 1968 Walter J. Daugherty (fan) Alva Rogers Robert Silverberg (Toastmaster)
27 - St. Louiscon St. Louis Chase-Park Plaza Jack Gaughan (pro) Ray Fisher 1,534 28 Aug-1 Sep 1969 Eddie Jones (fan) Joyce Fisher Harlan Ellison (Toastmaster)
28 - Heicon ‘70 Heidelberg Heidelberg Stadthalle E. C. Tubb (UK) Manfred Kage 620 20-24 Aug 1970 Robert Silverberg (US) Herbert W. Franke (G) Elliot K. Shorter (fan) John Brunner (Toastmaster)
29 - Noreascon I Boston Sheraton-Boston Clifford D. Simak (pro) Tony Lewis 1,600 2-6 Sep 1971 Hotel Harry Warner, Jr. (fan) Robert Silverberg (Toastmaster)
30 - L.A.Con I Los Angeles International Hotel Frederik Pohl (pro) Charles Crayne 2,007 1-4 Sep 1972 Buck & Juanita Coulson (fan) Bruce Pelz Robert Bloch (Toastmaster)
31 - Torcon II Toronto Royal York Hotel Robert Bloch (pro) John Millard 2,900 31 Aug-3 Sep 1973 William Rotsler (fan) Lester del Rey (Toastmaster)
32 - Discon II Washington, DC Sheraton Park Hotel Roger Zelazny (pro) Jay Haldeman 3,587 29 Aug-2 Sep 1974 Jay Kay Klein (fan) Ron Bounds Andrew J Offutt (Toastmaster)
33 - Aussiecon One Melbourne Southern Cross Hotel Ursula K. Le Guin (pro) Robin Johnson 606 14-17 Aug 1975 Donald Tuck (Australian) Susan Wood (fan) Mike Glicksohn (fan) John Bangsund (Toastmaster)
34 – MidAmeriCon Kansas City, Radisson Muehlebach Robert A. Heinlein (pro) Ken Keller 3014 / 4200 2-6 Sep 1976 MO Hotel, George Barr (fan) Wilson Tucker (Toastmaster)
35 – SunCon Miami Beach Hotel Fontainebleau Jack Williamson (pro) Don Lundry 3,240 2-5 Sep 1977 Robert A. Madle (fan) Robert Silverberg (Toastmaster)
36 - IguanaCon II Phoenix Hyatt Regency, Harlan Ellison (pro) Tim Kyger 4,700 30 Aug-4 Sep 1978 Adams House Bill Bowers (fan) Phoenix Convention F M Busby (Toastmaster) Center & Symphony Hall
37 - Seacon ‘79 Brighton Metropole Hotel Brian Aldiss (UK) Peter Weston 3,114 23-26 Aug 1979 Fritz Leiber (US) Harry Bell (fan) Bob Shaw (Toastmaster)
38 - Noreascon Two Boston Hynes Civic Damon Knight (pro) Leslie Turek 5,850 29 Aug-1 Sep 1980 Auditorium Kate Wilhelm (pro) Bruce Pelz (fan) Robert Silverberg (Toastmaster)
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Name & Date City Site Guest(s) Chairman Attendance
39 - Denvention Two Denver Denver Hilton Hotel Clifford D. Simak (pro) Suzanne Carnival 3,792 3-7 Sep 1981 Currigan Convention C. L. Moore (pro) Don C. Thompson Center Exhibition Hall Rusty Hevelin (fan) and Arena Ed Bryant (Toastmaster)
40 - Chicon IV Chicago Hyatt Regency A. Bertram Chandler (pro) Ross Pavlac 4,275 2-6 Sep 1982 Chicago Frank Kelly Freas (pro) Larry Propp Lee Hoffman (fan) Marta Randall (Toastmaster)
41 – ConStellation Baltimore Baltimore Convention John Brunner (pro) Michael Walsh 6,400 1-5 Sep 1983 Centre David A. Kyle (fan) Jack L Chalker (Toastmaster)
42 - L.A.con II Anaheim Anaheim Hilton Gordon R. Dickson (pro) Craig Miller 8,365 30 Aug-3 Sep 1984 Anaheim Convention Dick Eney (fan) Milt Stevens Center
43 - Aussiecon Two Melbourne Southern Cross, Gene Wolfe (pro) David Grigg 1,599 22-26 Aug 1985 Victoria, and Ted White (fan) Sheraton Hotels
44 – ConFederation Atlanta Marriott Marquis Ray Bradbury (pro) Penny Frierson 5,811 28 Aug-1 Sep 1986 Atlanta Hilton Terry Carr (fan) Ron Zukowski Bob Shaw (Toastmaster)
45 - Conspiracy ‘87 Brighton Metropole Hotel Doris Lessing (UK) Paul Oldroyd 4,009/ 27 Aug-1 Sep 1987 Brighton Conference Alfred Bester (US) 5,425 Centre Arkady & Boris Strugatsky (USSR) Jim Burns (artist) Ray Harryhausen (film) Joyce & Ken Slater (fan) David Langford (special fan) Brian W Aldiss (Toastmaster)
46 - Nolacon II New Orleans Marriott, Sheraton, Donald A. Wollheim (pro) John H. Guidry 5,300 1-5 Sep 1988 and International Hotels Roger Sims (fan) New Orleans Municipal Mike Resnick (Toastmaster) Auditorium
47 - Noreascon 3 Boston Hynes Convention Center Andre Norton (pro) Mark L. Olson 6,837 / 31 Aug-4 Sep 1989 Sheraton-Boston Hotel, Ian & Betty Ballantine (pro) 7,795 Hilton Hotel, The Stranger Club (fan) Park Plaza Hotel
48 – ConFiction The Hague Netherlands Congress Harry Harrison (pro) Kees van Toorn 3,580 23-27 Aug 1990 Centre Wolfgang Jeschke (pro) Joe Haldeman (pro) Andrew Porter (fan) Chelsea Quinn Yarbro (Toastmaster)
49 - Chicon V Chicago Hyatt Regency Chicago Hal Clement (pro) Kathleen Meyer 5,661 29 Aug-2 Sep 1991 Martin H. Greenberg (pro) Richard Powers (pro) Jon & Joni Stopa (fan) Marta Randall (Toastmaster)
50 – MagiCon Orlando Orange County Convention Jack Vance (pro) Joe Siclari 5,319/ 3-7 Sep 1992 and Civic Center Vincent Di Fate (artist) 6,368 The Clarion Hotel Walter A. Willis (fan) The Peabody Hotel
51 – ConFrancisco San Francisco Moscone Convention Center Larry Niven David W. Clark 6,602/ 2-6 Sep 1993 Nikko Hotel Alicia Austin 7,725 Parc Fifty Five Jan Howard Finder Mark Twain (Dead GoH) Guy Gavriel Kay (Toastmaster)
52 – ConAdian Winnipeg Winnipeg Convention Centre, Anne McCaffrey (pro) John Mansfield 3,570 1-5 Sep 1994 Place Louis Riel, George Barr (artist) and Sheraton Robert Runte (fan) Barry B. Longyear (Toastmaster)
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Name & Date City Site Guest(s) Chairman Attendance
53 – Intersection Glasgow Scottish Exhibition and Samuel R. Delany (writer) Vincent Docherty 4,173/ 24-28 Aug 1995 Conference Centre, Gerry Anderson (media) Martin Easterbrook 6,524 Moat House, Crest Les Edwards (artist) and Central Hotels Vin¢ Clarke (fan) Diane Duane and Peter Morwood (Toastmasters)
54 - L.A.con III Anaheim Anaheim Convention Center, James White (writer) Mike Glyer 6,703 29 Aug-2 Sep 1996 Anaheim Marriott Roger Corman (media) Elsie Wollheim (special) Takumi & Sachiko Shibano (fan) Connie Willis (Toastmaster)
55 - LoneStarCon 2 San Antonio Henry B. Gonzales Algis Budrys (pro) Karen Meschke 4,650 28 Aug-1 Sep 1997 Convention Center, Michael Moorcock (pro) Marriott Rivercenter, Don Maitz (artist) Marriott Riverwalk Roy Tackett (fan) Neal Barrett, Jr (Toastmaster)
56 – BucConeer Baltimore Baltimore Convention Center, C J Cherryh Peggy Rae Pavlat 6,572 5-9 Aug 1998 Marriot Harbor Place, Milton A. Rothman The Holiday Inn Omni Michael Whelan Inner Harbor J Michael Straczynski (special) Charles Sheffield (Toastmaster)
57 - Aussiecon Three Melbourne World Congress Center George Turner (pro) Perry Middlemiss 1,548 2-6 Sep 1999 Centra Hotel Greg Benford (pro) Bruce Gillespie (fan) J. Michael Straczynski (special)
58 - Chicon 2000 Chicago Hyatt Regency Chicago, Ben Bova (author) Tom Veal 5,794/ 31 Aug-4 Sep 2000 Fairmont Hotel, Bob Eggleton (artist) 6,574 Swissotel Jim Baen (editor) Bob & Anne Passovoy (fan) Harry Turtledove (Toastmaster)
59 - The Millennium Philadelphia Pennsylvania Convention Greg Bear (author) Todd Dashoff 4,840/ Philcon Center Stephen Youll (artist) 6,269 30 Aug-3 Sep 2001 Gardner Dozois (editor) George Scithers (fan) Esther Friesner (Toastmaster)
60 – ConJose San Jose McEnery Convention Center, Vernor Vinge (author) Tom Whitmore 5,162/ 29 Aug-2 Sep 2002 Fairmont Hotel, David Cherry (artist) Kevin Standlee 5,916 Hilton Hotel, Bjo & John Trimble (fan) Crowne Plaza Hotel Ferdinand Feghoot (imaginary) Tad Williams (Toastmaster)
61 - Torcon 3 Toronto Metro Toronto Convention George R. R. Martin (author) Peter Jarvis 3,929/ 28 Aug-1 Sep 2003 Centre, Mike Glyer (fan) 4,990 Royal York Hotel Robert Bloch (GoHst of Honor) Spider Robinson (Toastmaster)
62 - Noreascon 4 Boston Hynes Convention Center, Terry Pratchett (pro) Deb Geisler 5,651/ 2-6 Sep 2004 Sheraton Boston Hotel, William Tenn (pro) 7,094 Boston Marriott Copley Place Jack Speer (fan) Peter Weston (fan)
63 – Interaction Glasgow Scottish Exhibition and Greg Pickersgill Vincent Docherty TBA 4-8 Aug 2005 Conference Centre (SECC), Christopher Priest Colin Harris Glasgow Moat House Hotel, Robert Sheckley Hilton Glasgow Lars-Olov Strandberg Jane Yolen
64 - L.A.Con IV Anaheim Anaheim Convention Center, Connie Willis (author) Christian B. McGuire TBA 23-27 Aug 2006 Anaheim Marriott James Gurney (artist) Howard DeVore (fan) Frankie Thomas (special guest)
65 – Nippon 2007 Yokohama Pacifico Yokohama Sakyo Komatsu (author) Hiroaki Inoue TBA 30 Aug-3 Sep 2007 Japan David Brin (author) Yoshitaka Amano (artist) Michael Whelan (artist) Takumi Shibano (fan) 115 Splitting Infinity
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Notes on the Worldcon Long List
Most of the notes come from the WSFS Formulation of Long List Entries (FOLLE) Committee work published in the Noreascon 4 Souvenir Book. (J&EH).
GENERAL NOTES
Number - Year - Name Conventions are listed by what appears to be the “chair” in the notes (i.e., all managers with titles least confusing version of its name. Most of the matching *[cC]hair*). When the title is co- time this is the name preferred by the convention Chairman and it appears that both were functional (variants are noted) but we also follow fannish top managers, both are included in the Long List. tradition by retroactively numbering the first People in support positions (non-line management Worldcon in a series 1 (or I or One). (i.e., positions) with Chair-like titles (e.g., “Chairman’s Noreascon 1 was known at the time only as Staff” or “Assistant to the Chairman”) are not ‘Noreascon’.) All known naming oddities are included. This list does not include bid leadership noted. — only leadership after the bid was won. Where we found ambiguity, we have documented it. Guests Custom in designating Guests of Honour has Attendance varied greatly, with some conventions giving Where available, this column records two specific titles (Fan, Pro, Australia, US, Artist, etc.) numbers: the smaller is the number of and some simply call them all Guests of Honour. individual people who attended the Where they exist, specific labels have been used. convention for at least one day, and The Toastmaster is not a Guest of Honour, though the larger is the total membership of some conventions gave the Toastmaster equal all types except free passes. billing with the Guests. To confuse matters further, in at least one case a Guest was also designated as CONVENTION NOTES Toastmaster. In a few instances the Toastmaster was given a title other than “Toastmaster” such as “Master of Ceremonies”. All Toastmasters and 1939 – Nycon I MCs we are aware of are listed in the main table. The 1939 Worldcon did not have a name, but simply called itself “World Science Fiction Site Convention”. It has subsequently been called Under site there are listed all major function “Nycon I” and “The 1939 Worldcon”. The venues together with hotels where a significant convention was controlled by a so-called ‘Ruling number of sleeping rooms were used by the Triumvirate’ whose other members were convention. William S Sykora and James V Taurasi.
Chairman 1940 – Chicon I Who chaired a particular Worldcon is sometimes Chicon I was run by a triumvirate. Mark less clear than one might expect and we have Reinsberg held the title of chairman, with Erle followed the WSFS FOLLE Committee policy, who Korshak (secretary) and Bob Tucker (treasurer) attempted to follow the convention’s official as equal partners. Korshak presided over the record (where it exists) supplemented by other opening day of the con, when Reinsberg fell ill. contemporary records. When multiple people with Chairman-like titles exist (including Co-Chairman, Deputy Chairman, Associate Chairman, Vice- Chairman, and Deputy Assistant Co-Vice Chairman) we list only the actual top manager at the time of the convention in the main list, and all other people who were in line management positions with titles including the word fragment
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1949 – Cinvention and Chairmen. Solacon was physically in Los Don Ford carried out the duties of Chairman, but Angeles, but (by mayoral proclamation) was officially only Secretary-Treasurer; Charles R technically in South Gate, California, to fulfil their Tanner had the honorary title of Chairman. Ted bid slogan of “South Gate in 58”. Carnell, the Fan Guest of Honour, was also toastmaster with the title “Entertainment Master of 1959 – Detention Ceremonies”. He was brought to North America John Berry, the Fan GoH, was brought to North by the Big Pond Fund. America by a special fan fund. Isaac Asimov had been listed as the Toastmaster in all promotional 1950 – NorWesCon material prior to the convention. At the convention Donald Day replaced Jack de Courcy as Chairman the program book added “...with the assistance of after the latter’s resignation. Theodore Sturgeon Robert Bloch” who acted as Asimov’s foil at the was the toastmaster and had the title banquet. “Entertainment Master of Ceremonies.” 1960 – Pittcon 1952 – TASFiC Ray Smith was Vice Chairman. The Program Book “TASFiC” stood for “Tenth Anniversary Science lists a “non-con program” day on Friday, 2 Sept. Fiction Convention”; it was popularly known as Chicon II, and subsequent Chicons counted it as 1964 – Pacificon II such. Combined with West Coast Science Fantasy Conference (Westercon), sharing Guests of Honour 1953 – 11th Worldcon and Chairmen. Pacificon II was held in Oakland, Officially known as “The 11th Worldcon,” it was CA, which was not the same city (LA, 1946) where popularly known as Philcon II. Milton A Rothman Pacificon I was held. replaced James A Williams as Chairman upon Williams’ death. Tom Clareson, PhD was Vice- 1966 – Tricon Chairman. Officially jointly hosted by Cleveland, Detroit, and Cincinnati (hence “Tricon”). The question of who 1954 – SFCon chaired the convention is complicated. The Tricon Though SFCon and Westercon shared the hotel program book lists Cleveland’s Ben Jason as and con chairs, Westercon was held on Friday, Chairman and Detroit’s Howard DeVore and September 3rd, with Jack Williamson as GoH, Cincinnati’s Lou Tabakow as Associate Chairmen, while Worldcon was held Saturday-Monday but included all three in the Long List as did September 4-6, with John W Campbell, Jr., as GoH. NyCon 3 the following year. People involved with the convention confirm that it was run by the three 1955 – Clevention of them working jointly, so they are being treated as co-Chairmen here. The identity of the Special Mystery Guest was not revealed (even to the honouree) until the first night of the convention. The Program book noted that 1967 – NyCon 3 “Mr. Boucher [the Toastmaster] will make the The convention’s name was written as “NyCon 3” presentation of the Achievement Awards and at the convention, but — somehow — identify the Mystery Guest.” subsequently got changed to Nycon III in versions of the Long List, perhaps echoing NYCon II. 1956 – NYCon II Officially known as “NEWYORCON” but — in the 1968 – Baycon words of a report at the time “The fans wouldn’t Combined with West Coast Science Fantasy have it” – and it has been NYCon II since. Conference (Westercon), sharing Guests of Honour and Chairmen. 1957 – Loncon I Loncon’s program book does not use the name 1969 – St. Louiscon “Loncon” but refers to the convention as the “15th Eddie Jones, the TAFF (Trans Atlantic Fan Fund) World Science Fiction Convention.” winner, replaced Ted White, who withdrew as Fan Guest to dramatize the TAFF winner. 1958 – Solacon Combined with West Coast Science Fantasy 1970 – Heicon Conference (Westercon), sharing Guests of Honour Heicon had decided prior to the convention to
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120 Interaction select the TAFF winner as its Fan Guest. The her records until afterwards. subsequent winner of the 1970 TAFF election was Elliot Shorter. Heicon also called itself “Heicon ’70 1977 – SunCon International”. SunCon was bid by “7 in ’77", a group of well- known con-runners who promised that if they won 1974 – Discon II they would then select an ideal site. They selected Jay and Alice Haldeman were co-chairmen until a hotel in Orlando, Florida, which subsequently the spring of 1974 when circumstances forced went bankrupt, upon which SunCon moved to them to move out of Washington. Ron Bounds facilities in Miami Beach. According to Chairman took over as de facto Chairman until Jay returned Don Lundry, his wife Grace Lundry functioned as for the convention. At the convention, Jay and Ron his co-Chairman; however, convention functioned as co-chairmen. The Discon II program publications listed Don solely. book continued to list Jay and Alice as co- Chairmen, and included a welcome from Jay (co- 1978 – IguanaCon II Chairman) and Ron (vice-Chairman). This was the first IguanaCon, but was called IguanaCon II because of a previous hoax. Greg 1975 – Aussiecon One Brown was the initial Chairman but was later Fan Guest of Honour Donald Tuck did not attend replaced by Tim Kyger. After the convention, Gary the convention. (Fans had to go to his home in Farber was recognized as having fulfilled the Tasmania to meet him.) function of Vice-Chair. Josef Nesvadba was announced as the European GoH for IguanaCon. 1976 – MidAmeriCon He could not get travel papers and did not attend. The membership totals are from chairman Ken He was not listed as a guest in PR3. In the program Keller who reports that the numbers announced book, he was listed on the main GoH page, but during the convention were grossly wrong because was not listed in IguanCon’s own entry in the one of the C&VB’s loaned registrars did not turn in Long List. Finally, he was not listed in IguanaCon’s PR 5, which came out in 1980 and provided a detailed history of what went on, who resigned and who replaced who.
1979 – Seacon 79 Seacon 79 was held in Brighton, England, which was not the same city (Seattle, 1961) where Seacon I was held.
1982 – Chicon IV Larry Smith and Bob Hillis were vice-chairmen of Chicon IV.
1984 –- LAcon II Like South Gate, Anaheim is part of the greater Los Angeles area. The Toastmaster and MC positions were essentially equivalent, with Robert Bloch (Toastmaster) officiating at the Hugo Ceremony and Jerry Pournelle (Master of Ceremonies) at the Guest of Honour Speeches and Other Awards Ceremony. This was the largest Worldcon to date
1985 – Aussiecon II David Grigg replaced John Foyster, who resigned for family reasons, as Chairman.
1987 – Conspiracy ‘87 Jim Burns artwork for the Consipiracy’87 Souvenir Alfred Bester did not attend the convention due to Book - this is the front of a wrap round dust jacket poor health. Malcolm Edwards was Chairman
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until about nine months before the convention 1997 – LoneStarCon II when he resigned from the committee for personal a.k.a. “The Second Occasional LoneStarCon reasons. To minimize possible bad publicity from Science Fiction Convention & Chili Cook-off”; the this, he agreed to remain as titular Chairman and first LoneStarCon, held in Austin, was the 1985 presided at some at-con ceremonies. Paul Oldroyd NASFiC. took over all of his duties, but under the title of “Coordinator”. Both Malcolm and Paul agree that Paul was the de facto Chairman at the time of the 1998 – Bucconeer convention. Special Guest J. Michael Straczynski did not attend. Peggy Rae Pavlat has since changed her name to Peggy Rae Sapienza. 1989 – Noreascon 3 The Stranger Club was the first SF club in Boston and sponsor of the pre-War series of Boskones and 1999 – Aussiecon Three the club was the Fan Guest of Honour of GoH George Turner died prior to the convention. Noreascon 3. All of its known surviving members Special Guest J. Michael Straczynski attended were invited to the convention as guests to represent the club and seven were located and 2000 – Chicon 20 attended: Art Widner, Chan Davis, Harry Stubbs Mike Jencevice and Becky Thomson were associate (Hal Clement), Louis Russell Chauvenet, Timothy chairmen of Chicon 2000. Orrok, Norman Stanley, and Robert D Swisher. 2001 – The Millennium Philcon 1992 – MagiCon Laura Syms and Gary Feldbaum were Co-Vice- Becky Thomson was Co-Chairman for the first two Chairmen. years after the site was selected, then vice- chairman thereafter and at the convention. Spider 2002 – ConJose Robinson was Toastmaster, but Mike Resnick After the bid won, Tom Whitmore was appointed acted as Toastmaster for the Meet-the-Pros party. Chairman with Ruth Sachter as Vice-Chairman. Sachter resigned and subsequently Craige Howlett 1993 – ConFrancisco and Cindy Scott were appointed Co-Vice- David Clark replaced Terry Biffel as Chairman Chairmen. Finally, Kevin Standlee was appointed upon Biffel’s death. Besides the Chairman, there Co-Chairman with Whitmore. were Vice Chairs: Peggy Rae Pavlat and Ruth L. Sachter; and Deputy Vice Chairs: Jeff Canfield and 2003 – Torcon 3 Judy Kindell. Combined with the Canadian National Science Fiction Convention (Canvention) Artist GoH Frank 1994 – ConAdian Kelly Freas did not attend. Combined with the Canadian National Science Fiction Convention (Canvention). Christine 2005 – Interaction Barnson and Kevin Standlee were Deputy Chairs. Interaction is also the 2005 Eurocon. Initially Vince Docherty was Chairman with Colin Harris and 1995 – Intersection Paul Treadaway as co-Vice Chairmen. Intersection was also the 1995 Eurocon. When Subsequently, Harris moved to co-Chairman, and Intersection won, Tim Illingworth and Vincent Treadaway moved to Deputy Chairman. KIM Docherty were Co-Chairmen. Docherty moved to Campbell was Board convenor of Interaction until Oman, resigned and was replaced by Martin her death in Nov 2003. (The Board had designated Easterbrook. Illingworth subsequently resigned the convenor position as a Convention Co-Chair.) and was replaced by Docherty. Easterbrook and Docherty were Co-Chairmen during the last 18 2006 – L.A.con IV months of planning and at the convention. T.R. Bobbi Armbruster and Craig Miller are Vice- Smith was Vice-Chairman. Margaret Austin and Chairmen. Oliver Gruter-Andrew were Deputy Chairs.
1996 – LACon III Special Guest Elsie Wollheim died before the convention.
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Cover of the Aussiecon 3 Souvenir Book by Grant Gittus and Nick Strathopoulos - this is the front of a wrap round painting.
123 Splitting Infinity CONSTITUTION of the World Science Fiction Society, September 2004 Article 1 - Name, Objectives, Membership, and 1.5.5:Voters have the right to convert to attending Organization membership in the selected Worldcon within ninety (90) days of its selection, for an addi- Section 1.1: Name. The name of this organization shall tional fee set by its committee. This fee must be the World Science Fiction Society, hereinafter not exceed two (2) times the site-selection fee referred to as WSFS or the Society. and must not exceed the difference between Section 1.2: Objectives. WSFS is an unincorporated the site-selection fee and the fee for new literary society whose functions are: attending members. (1) To choose the recipients of the annual Hugo 1.5.6:The Worldcon Committee shall make Awards (Science Fiction Achievement provision for persons to become supporting Awards). members for no more than one hundred and twenty-five percent (125%) of the site-selection (2) To choose the locations and Committees for fee, or such higher amount as has been ap- the annual World Science Fiction Conventions proved by the Business Meeting, until a cutoff (hereinafter referred to as Worldcons). date no earlier than ninety (90) days before (3) To attend those Worldcons. their Worldcon. (4) To choose the locations and Committees for 1.5.7:Other memberships and fees shall be at the the occasional North American Science Fiction discretion of the Worldcon Committee. Conventions (hereinafter referred to as Section 1.6: Authority. Authority and responsibility for NASFiCs). all matters concerning the Worldcon, except those (5) To perform such other activities as may be reserved herein to WSFS, shall rest with the necessary or incidental to the above purposes. Worldcon Committee, which shall act in its own name and not in that of WSFS. Section 1.3: Restrictions. No part of the Society’s net earnings shall be paid to its members, officers, or Section 1.7: The Mark Protection Committee. other private persons except in furtherance of the 1.7.1: There shall be a Mark Protection Committee Society’s purposes. The Society shall not attempt to of WSFS, which shall be responsible for influence legislation or any political campaign for registration and protection of the marks used public office. Should the Society dissolve, its assets by or under the authority of WSFS. shall be distributed by the current Worldcon Committee or the appropriate court having 1.7.2: The Mark Protection Committee shall submit jurisdiction, exclusively for charitable purposes. In to the Business Meeting at each Worldcon a this section, references to the Society include the report of its activities since the previous Mark Protection Committee and all other agencies Worldcon, including a statement of income of the Society but not convention bidding or and expense. operating committees. 1.7.3: The Mark Protection Committee shall hold a Section 1.4: Membership. The Membership of WSFS meeting at each Worldcon after the end of the shall consist of all people who have paid member- Business Meeting, at a time and place an- ship dues to the Committee of the current nounced at the Business Meeting. Worldcon. 1.7.4: The Mark Protection Committee shall deter- Section 1.5: Memberships. mine and elect its own officers. 1.5.1:Each Worldcon shall offer supporting and Section 1.8: Membership of the Mark Protection attending memberships. Committee. 1.5.2:The rights of supporting members of a 1.8.1:The Mark Protection Committee shall consist Worldcon include the right to receive all of its of: generally distributed publications. (1) One (1) member appointed to serve at the 1.5.3:The rights of attending members of a pleasure of each future selected Worldcon Worldcon include the rights of supporting Committee and each of the two (2) imme- members plus the right of general attendance diately preceding Worldcon Committees at said Worldcon and at the WSFS Business (2) One (1) member appointed to serve at the Meeting held thereat. pleasure of each future selected NASFiC 1.5.4:Members of WSFS who cast a site-selection Committee and for each Committee of a ballot with the required fee shall be NASFIC held in the previous two years, supporting members of the selected Worldcon. and
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(3) Nine (9) members elected three (3) each Article 2 - Powers and Duties of Worldcon Committees year to staggered three-year terms by the Section 2.1: Duties. Each Worldcon Committee shall, in Business Meeting. accordance with this Constitution, provide for 1.8.2:No more than three elected members may (1) ainistering the Hugo Awards, represent any single North American region, as defined in Section 1.8.5. Each elected (2) aministering any future Worldcon or NASFIC member shall represent the region (if any) in site selection required, and which the member resided at the time they were elected. (3) holding a WSFS Business Meeting. Section 2.2: Marks. Every Worldcon and NASFIC 1.8.3:Newly elected members take their seats, and Committee shall include the following notice in each the term of office ends for elected and ap- of its publications: pointed members whose terms expire that year, at the end of the Business Meeting. “World Science Fiction Society”, “WSFS”, “World 1.8.4:If vacancies occur in elected memberships in Science Fiction Convention”, “Worldcon”, the Committee, the remainder of the position’s “NASFiC”, and “Hugo Award” are service marks of term may be filled by the Business Meeting, the World Science Fiction Society, an unincorporated and until then temporarily filled by the literary society. Committee. Section 2.3: Official Representative. Each future selected Worldcon Committee shall designate an 1.8.5:To ensure equitable distribution of representa- official representative to the Business Meeting to tion, North America is divided into three (3) answer questions about their Worldcon. regions as follows: (1) Western: Baja California, New Mexico, Section 2.4: Distribution of Rules. The current Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, Worldcon Committee shall print copies of the WSFS Saskatchewan, and all states, provinces, and Constitution, together with an explanation of territories westward including Hawaii, proposed changes approved but not yet ratified, and Alaska, the Yukon, and the Northwest copies of the Standing Rules. The Committee shall Territories. distribute these documents to all WSFS members at a point between nine and three months prior to the (2) Central: Central America, the islands of the Worldcon, and shall also distribute them to all WSFS Caribbean, Mexico (except as above), and members in attendance at the Worldcon upon all states, provinces, and territories registration. between the Western and Eastern regions. Section 2.5: Bid Presentations. Each Worldcon Com- (3) Eastern: Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, mittee shall provide a reasonable opportunity for North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, bona fide bidding committees for the Worldcon to be Pennsylvania, New York, Quebec, and all selected the following year to make presentations. states, provinces, and territories eastward including the District of Columbia, St. Section 2.6: Incapacity of Committees. With sites being Pierre et Miquelon, Bermuda, and the selected two (2) years in advance, there are at least Bahamas. two selected current or future Worldcon Committees at all times. If one of these should be unable to perform its duties, the other selected current or future Worldcon Committee shall determine what action to take, by consulting the Business Meeting or by mail poll of WSFS if there is sufficient time, or by decision of the Committee if there is not sufficient time. Where a site and Committee are chosen by a Business Meeting or Worldcon Committee pursuant to this section, they are not restricted by exclusion zone or other qualifications. Section 2.7: Membership Pass-along. Within ninety (90) days after a Worldcon, the administering Committee shall, except where prohibited by local law, forward its best information as to the names and postal addresses of all of its Worldcon members to the Committee of the next Worldcon. Section 2.8: Financial Openness. Any member of WSFS shall have the right, under reasonable conditions, to examine the financial records and books of account of the current Worldcon or NASFiC Committee, all future selected Worldcon or NASFiC Committees, the two immediately preceding Worldcon Committees, and the Committees of any NASFiCs held in the previous
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two years. 3.2.8: The Worldcon Committee shall not consider previews, promotional trailers, commercials, Section 2.9: Financial Reports. public service announcements, or other 2.9.1:Each future selected Worldcon or NASFiC extraneous material when determining the Committee shall submit an annual financial length of a work. Running times of dramatic report, including a statement of income and presentations shall be based on their first expenses, to each WSFS Business Meeting after general release. the Committee’s selection. 3.2.9: The Worldcon Committee may relocate a 2.9.2:Each Worldcon or NASFiC Committee shall story into a more appropriate category if it submit a report on its cumulative surplus/loss feels that it is necessary, provided that the at the next Business Meeting after its conven- length of the story is within the lesser of five tion. thousand (5,000) words or twenty percent (20%) of the new category limits. 2.9.3:Each Worldcon or NASFiC Committee should dispose of surplus funds remaining after 3.2.10: The Worldcon Committee may relocate a accounts are settled for its convention for the dramatic presentation work into a more benefit of WSFS as a whole. appropriate category if it feels that it is necessary, provided that the length of the 2.9.4:In the event of a surplus, the Worldcon or work is within twenty percent (20%) of the NASFiC Committee, or any alternative organi- new category boundary. zational entity established to oversee and disburse that surplus, shall file annual financial 3.2.11: The Worldcon Committee is responsible for reports regarding the disbursement of that all matters concerning the Awards. surplus at each year’s Business Meeting, until Section 3.3: Categories. the surplus is totally expended or an amount equal to the original surplus has been dis- 3.3.1: Best Novel. A science fiction or fantasy story bursed. of forty thousand (40,000) words or more. 3.3.2: Best Novella. A science fiction or fantasy story Article 3 - Hugo Awards of between seventeen thousand five hundred Section 3.1: Introduction. Selection of the Hugo (17,500) and forty thousand (40,000) words. Awards shall be made as provided in this Article. 3.3.3: Best Novelette. A science fiction or fantasy Section 3.2: General. story of between seven thousand five hundred (7,500) and seventeen thousand five hundred (1 3.2.1: Unless otherwise specified, Hugo Awards are 7,500) words. given for work in the field of science fiction or fantasy appearing for the first time during the 3.3.4: Best Short Story. A science fiction or fantasy previous calendar year. story of less than seven thousand five hundred (7,500) words. 3.2.2:A work originally appearing in a language other than English shall also be eligible for the 3.3.5: Best Related Book. Any work whose subject is year in which it is first issued in English related to the field of science fiction, fantasy, translation. or fandom, appearing for the first time in book form during the previous calendar year, 3.2.3:The Business Meeting may by a 3/4 vote and which is either non-fiction or, if fictional, provide that works originally published is noteworthy primarily for aspects other than outside the United States of America and first the fictional text. published in the United States of America in the current year shall also be eligible for Hugo 3.3.6: Best Dramatic Presentation, Long Form. Any Awards given in the following year. 3.2.4:A work shall not be eligible if in a prior year it received sufficient nominations to appear on the final award ballot. 3.2.5:Publication date, or cover date in the case of a dated periodical, takes precedence over copyright date. 3.2.6:Works appearing in a series are eligible as individual works, but the series as a whole is not eligible. However, a author work appearing in a number of parts shall be eligible for the year of the final part. 3.2.7: In the written fiction categories, an author may withdraw a version of a work from consideration if the feels that the version is not representative of what that author wrote.
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production in any medium of dramatized that year. science fiction, fantasy or related subjects that 3.3.14: Additional Category. Not more than one has been publicly presented for the first time in special category may be created by the current its present dramatic form during the previous Worldcon Committee with nomination and calendar year, with a complete running time of voting to be the same as for the permanent more than 90 minutes. categories. The Worldcon Committee is not 3.3.7: Best Dramatic Presentation, Short Form. Any required to create any such category; such production in any medium of dramatized action by a Worldcon Committee should be science fiction, fantasy or related subjects that under exceptional circumstances only; and the has been publicly presented for the first time in special category created by one Worldcon its present dramatic form during the previous Committee shall not be binding on following calendar year, with a complete running time of Committees. Awards created under this 90 minutes or less. paragraph shall be considered to be Hugo Awards. 3.3.8: Best Professional Editor. The editor of any professional publication devoted primarily to Section 3.4: Extended Eligibility. In the event that a science fiction or fantasy during the previous potential Hugo Award nominee receives extremely calendar year. A professional publication is limited distribution in the year of its first publication one which had an average press run of at least or presentation, its eligibility may be extended for an ten thousand (10,000) copies per issue. additional year by a three fourths (3/4) vote of the intervening Business Meeting of WSFS. 3.3.9: Best Professional Artist. An illustrator whose work has appeared in a professional publica- Section 3.5: Name and Design. The Hugo Award shall tion in the field of science fiction or fantasy continue to be standardized on the rocket ship during the previous calendar year. design of Jack McKnight and Ben Jason. Each Worldcon Committee may select its own choice of 3.3.10: Best Semiprozine. Any generally available base design. The name (Hugo Award) and the non-professional publication devoted to science design shall not be extended to any other award. fiction or fantasy which by the close of the previous calendar year has published four (4) Section 3.6: “No Award”. At the discretion of an or more issues, at least one (1) of which ap- individual Worldcon Committee, if the lack of peared in the previous calendar year, and nominations or final votes in a specific category which in the previous calendar year met at least shows a marked lack of interest in that category two (2) of the following criteria: on the part of the voters, the Award in that category shall be canceled for that year. (1) had an average press run of at least one thousand (1000) copies per issue, Section 3.7: Nominations. (2) paid its contributors and/or staff in other 3.7.1: The Worldcon Committee shall conduct a poll than copies of the publication, to select the nominees for the final Award voting. Each member of either the administer- (3) provided at least half the income of any ing or the immediately preceding Worldcon as one person, of January 31 of the current calendar year shall (4) had at least fifteen percent (15%) of its be allowed to make up to five (5) equally total space occupied by advertising, weighted nominations in every category. (5) announced itself to be a semiprozine. 3.7.2: The Committee shall include with each nomi- nation ballot a copy of Article 3 of the WSFS 3.3.11: Best Fanzine. Any generally available non- Constitution and any applicable extensions of professional publication devoted to science eligibility under Sections 3.2.3 or 3.4. fiction, fantasy, or related subjects which by the close of the previous calendar year has pub- 3.7.3: Nominations shall be solicited only for the lished four (4) or more issues, at least one (1) of Hugo Awards and the John W. Campbell which appeared in the previous calendar year, Award for Best New Writer. and which does not qualify as a semiprozine. Section 3.8: Tallying of Nominations. 3.3.12: Best Fan Writer. Any person whose writing 3.8.1: Except as provided below, the final Award has appeared in semiprozines or fanzines or in ballots shall list in each category the five generally available electronic media during eligible nominees receiving the most nomina- the previous calendar year. tions. If there is a tie including fifth place, all 3.3.13: Best Fan Artist. An artist or cartoonist whose the tied eligible nominees shall be listed. work has appeared through publication in 3.8.2: The Worldcon Committee shall determine the semiprozines or fanzines or through other eligibility of nominees and assignment to the public display during the previous calendar proper category of works nominated in more year. Any person whose name appears on the than one category. final Hugo Awards ballot for a given year under the Professional Artist category shall 3.8.3: Any nominations for “No Award” shall be not be eligible in the Fan Artist category for disregarded.
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3.8.4: If a nominee appears on a nomination ballot declared the winner of the election. more than once in any one category, only one 3.11.4: The complete numerical vote totals, including nomination shall be counted in that category. all preliminary tallies for first, second, ... places, 3.8.5: No nominee shall appear on the final Award shall be made public by the Worldcon Commit- ballot if it received fewer nominations than five tee within ninety (90) days after the Worldcon. percent (5%) of the number of ballots listing During the same period the nomination voting one or more nominations in that category, totals shall also be published, including in each except that the first three eligible nominees, category the vote counts for at least the fifteen including any ties, shall always be listed. highest vote-getters and any other candidate receiving a number of votes equal to at least Section 3.9: Notification and Acceptance. Worldcon five percent (5%) of the nomination ballots cast Committees shall use reasonable efforts to notify the in that category. nominees, or in the case of deceased or incapacitated persons, their heirs, assigns, or legal guardians, in Section 3.12: Exclusions. No member of the current each category prior to the release of such informa- Worldcon Committee or any publications closely tion. Each nominee shall be asked at that time to connected with a member of the Committee shall be either accept or decline the nomination. If the eligible for an Award. However, should the Com- nominee declines nomination, that nominee shall not mittee delegate all authority under this Article to a appear on the final ballot. Subcommittee whose decisions are irrevocable by the Worldcon Committee, then this exclusion shall Section 3.10: Voting. apply to members of the Subcommittee only. 3.10.1: Final Award voting shall be by balloting in Section 3.13: Retrospective Hugos. A Worldcon held advance of the Worldcon. Postal mail shall 50, 75, or 100 years after a Worldcon at which no always be acceptable. Only WSFS members Hugos were presented may conduct nominations may vote. Final Award ballots shall include and elections for Hugos which would have been name, signature, address, and membership- presented at that previous Worldcon. Procedures number spaces to be filled in by the voter. shall be as for the current Hugos. Categories 3.10.2: Final Award ballots shall list only the Hugo receiving insufficient numbers of nominations may Awards and the John W. Campbell Award for be dropped. Once retrospective Hugos have been Best New Writer. awarded for a Worldcon, no other Worldcon shall present retrospective Hugos for that Worldcon. 3.10.3: “No Award” shall be listed in each category of Hugo Award on the final ballot. Article 4 - Future Worldcon Selection 3.10.4: The Committee shall, on or with the final Section 4.1: Voting. ballot, designate, for each nominee in the printed fiction categories, one or more books, 4.1.1: WSFS shall choose the location and Committee anthologies, or magazines in which the nomi- of the Worldcon to be held two (2) years from nee appeared (including the book publisher or the date of the current Worldcon. magazine issue date(s)). 4.1.2: Voting shall be by written ballot cast either by 3.10.5: Voters shall indicate the order of their prefer- mail or at the current Worldcon with tallying as ence for the nominees in each category. described in Section 3.11. Section 3.11: Tallying of Votes. 4.1.3: The current Worldcon Committee shall admin- ister the voting, collect the advance member- 3.11.1: In each category, votes shall first be tallied by ship fees, and turn over those funds to the the voter’s first choices. If no majority is then winning Committee before the end of the obtained, the nominee who places last in the current Worldcon. initial tallying shall be eliminated and the ballots listing it as first choice shall be redistrib- 4.1.4: The site-selection voting totals shall be an- uted on the basis of those ballots’ second nounced at the Business Meeting and pub- choices. This process shall be repeated until a lished in the first or second Progress Report of majority-vote winner is obtained. the winning Committee, with the by-mail and at-convention votes distinguished. 3.11.2: No Award shall be given whenever the total number of valid ballots cast for a specific Section 4.2: Voter Eligibility. category (excluding those cast for “No Award” 4.2.1: Voting shall be limited to WSFS members who in first place) is less than twenty-five percent have purchased at least a supporting member- (25%) of the total number of final Award ship in the Worldcon whose site is being ballots received. selected. 3.11.3: After a tentative winner is determined, then [A Constitutional Amendment to Section 4.1.1 unless “No Award” shall be the winner, the ratified in 2004 included the following proviso, following additional test shall be made. If the which impacts Voter Eligibility for both Interaction number of ballots preferring “No Award” to in 2005 and L.A.con IV in 2006:] the tentative winner is greater than the number of ballots preferring the tentative winner to Provided that there shall be no Worldcon site “No Award”, then “No Award” shall be
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