C’est ensemble que se construit l’avenir des territoires
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network Special edition
MCDR PROJECTS: INNOVATIVE NETWORKS, TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT MOTOR
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 1 INTRO
"Testing innovative solutions in a participative context"
Approach across different sectors of the territorial issues, construction of resilient networks of local actors, awareness of the populations closest to the ground... Investing in cooperation, the Collective Mobilisation for Rural Development (MCDR) projects combine many assets in order to promote local development and innovation over the long term. Pascal Chevalier, Professor of Geography at Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 University considers the strengths of these initiatives.
In what way do the MCDR projects contribute to the development of the territories? These actions cover a large variety of issues as demonstrated by an approach, which works across different sectors, which respond well to the different challenges confronting the rural territories: access to training and digital resources, equality between women and men, agro-ecological transition, growth of the social and solidarity-based economy, and so on. Moreover, the MCDR projects participate in the structuring or reinforcement of the network of actors involved in local development, in a period when cooperation is seen to be as crucial as public campaigns.
What are the main assets and innovations contributed by these projects? I should say that they make it possible to carry out trials and to test innovative solutions in a fairly flexible, participative context and by actually starting from the needs on the ground, knowing that the local actors are those who know their own territory best. These projects are also on the right scale: they make it possible to tackle at territorial level issues which would never be dealt with on a "macro" level.
Furthermore, if the MCDR projects responding to specific local issues cannot always be transferred directly into other territories, it is possible to benefit from organising exchanges of good practice between territories with problems in common.
How can the positive contributions from these projects be permanently anchored in the territories? The fact that these initiatives are provided by the networks of local actors constitutes an essential key factor for setting up these initiatives and their dynamics permanently. In a climate of uncertainty about the means, which will be available in the long term, investing in human resources seems to me a major asset for the resilience of society: when people know each other and have taken “ part together in the initial campaigns, they are more able to start again and to become involved in new projects and seek new public funding for bringing them Operating in a network to fruition. In any event, in the rural areas with low population density, working in a network and the knowledge sharing that it generates remains a strength, a represents valuable valuable social capital harbouring a high capacity for innovation. social capital
THE REVIEW 2 of the French Rural network February 2020 SUMMARY
SCA RURAL NETWORK MOBILISATION OF A NETWORK OF PARTICIPANTS
Accelerator of agro-ecological transition P . 4 TO SUPPORT CLIMATE TRANSITION P . 14
RENFORT ECLAT
National regional forestry network P . 6 To test local agro-ecology with local authorities P . 16
TRESSONS RURAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH COOPERATION Rural areas and social and solidarity-based economy, Producing, implementing and circulating new knowledge tools and new synergies P . 8 about "how to cooperate" P . 18
#HAPPYTERR# JARA
Innovative, local farming alliances to develop regeneration Young actors in rural areas and farming P . 20 of the farming environment P . 10 TERREAU PORT@IL Transfer of experiences developed in rural areas:
A third place, two thirds of solidarity and mixing spin-off, agriculture, uses P . 22 of the generations P . 12
The other 11 MCDR projects supported by the Rural Network AJITER: to facilitate the reception of young adults and their initiatives into the rural territories (ADRETS)
REUNIR-AF: national network for agro-forestry (APCA - AFAC) MADAME: to promote and accelerate the development of women's skills in agricultural crafts in the rural environment to ensure greater equality (APCMA) USAGER.E.S: innovation by the user(s) (Atelier Paysan) TRANSAGRIDOM: to accentuate the synergy between regions and participants in the networks for innovation and the transfer of farming know-how to ensure agro-ecological transition in the overseas departments and territories (Cirad) VENAISON: national project for capitalising on experience, information and support for the development of local industry to promote game meat for the rural areas in France (FNC) NATIONAL LAUNCH OF THE TRIAL: PRESERVATION OF EXTENSIVE LIVESTOCK-REARING, MANAGEMENT OF WETLANDS (FMA) ACCESS'R: accessibility of services to the population in rural areas (LEADER France) LEARNING TERRITORIES: to respond to new activities and to new skills in rural areas (Sol et Civilisation) RNPAT SEASON 2: the national network for local food projects (Terres en Villes) (Terres en Villes) MOBILISING A NETWORK OF LOCAL RURAL PROJECTS IN THE MASSIF CENTRAL (PTRMC) (VBMC)
Information February 2020 - Publication edited by the French Rural network Publication Director: Valérie METRICH-HECQUET - DGPE National Organisational Unit of the NRN Editorial design: Unité nationale d’animation du RRN Patricia Andriot Editing and graphic design: KOGITO Cover photo: Strip till maize sowing methods at the GAEC Pech d'Amont 01 49 55 54 20 © Fermes de Figeac [email protected] / [email protected] The NRN thanks all the project providers and their partners for their contribution to the production of this publication. Follow the activity of the 21 MCDR projects on www.reseaurural.fr
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 3 SCA Rural Network
Accelerator of agro-ecological transition Copying nature. In substance this is the aim of soil conservation agriculture (SCA). "Beneficial for the environment, the farmers and society, this system of agro-ecological production is still marginal “ in the French landscape, but it is developing" confirms François Mandin, President of the APAD, the association for the promotion Offering a bridge between of sustainable agriculture. The provider of the SCA Rural Network, this national association has chosen as its mission to share and territories to contribute transfer the know-how and good practice of the farmers practicing collectively to profound SCA in order to accelerate the development of this "farming “ revolution" in the territories. "SCA involves real agronomic thinking change. and its implementation is technically delicate. It requires making choices, training and working with living organisms to "relearn" how François Mandin, to farm and to be connected with social expectations," explains President of the APAD François Mandin. “The best method to develop SCA? By relying on the farmers' collectives, which are already practising it." A third agricultural path, between conventional farming and share a common philosophy and aims in common, but who until organic farming, SCA puts the soil at the heart of the production now have been isolated," emphasises François Mandin. The SCA system. It rests on three inseparable pillars: permanent plant Network offers a bridge between territories to allow everyone to cover of the soil, sowing without working the soil and diversity exchange ideas." and rotation of crops. "SCA contributes to preserving soil fertility, In 2020, apart from a day of capitalisation of technical trials and restoring biodiversity, reducing erosion, combating global warming, another devoted to carbon storage, the SCA Network diary will be improving incomes and the quality of life for farmers" details Sophie marked by two high points: its presence at the Salon international Gardette, APAD director. Since 2018 all these subjects have de l’agriculture and the launch of "Au Cœur des Sols", the first been the object of numerous training and awareness initiatives farmers’ label in SCA. "There was no evaluation framework for conducted by the fifteen or so associations, which make up the the product or procedures in SCA. Yet it is time that farmers are SCA Rural Network: technical days and visits to plots of land, Open remunerated for the services they render by becoming involved in Days on farms, distribution of guides and recommendations to this path," maintains Sophie Gardette. “It is also proof of the first boost its transition, film projections and public debates based on support for SCA by public policies with this MCDR project." the documentary, "Welcome earthworms" and such like. "Farmers, technicians and scientific experts, we bring together the people, who
Find out more APAD : Sophie Gardette [email protected]
Clé de sol : Sarah Singla [email protected]
Clac Sol : Jean-Christophe Alibert [email protected]
Sols d’Armorique : Roland Hallegouet [email protected]
Agro Réseau 64 : Jean-Marc Couturejuzon [email protected]
Sol et Eau en Ségala : Pierre Boutonnet [email protected] www.apad.asso.fr
THE REVIEW 4 of the French Rural network February 2020 Group of farmers visiting a field farmed by soil conservation. © A.Gässler
"Regaining technical and agronomic control "Farmers are seeking structure and site of our profession" experience" by Blandine Calandre, farmer in Surgy (58), member of the by Mélanie Lamy, Agronomic adviser and organiser at the Magellan Economic and Environmental Cluster (GIEE) Cerfrance Seine Normandy "Seeing farmers re-discover their "As an associative network profession as a cultivator is very for consultancy and chartered inspiring, particularly in a context accounting, we guide farmers in of agricultural gloom. I myself their business projects in different "tumbled" into SCA three years ago fields: economic, legal, tax, heritage, now thanks to meeting practitioners. environmental and technical. For ten SCA gives us the chance to regain years with the support of ARAD (the technical and agronomic control of agronomic research and development our activity with regard to current working group of the Cerfrance knowledge on the life of the soil. This system of production also in Normandy and Maine), we advise groups of farmers on represents a saving in operational and structural costs as well as innovative techniques, especially in the implementation of SCA. strong ecological interest, as it creates a closer link between our This support is reflected in the introduction and monitoring of farming systems and the workings of nature. trials, training cycles on plant cover, organic fertility, associated crops and compost tea, field visits, an annual study trip, etc. To Our GIEE brings together the Nivernais farmers, who want in date we organise a dozen farmer's groups, including three GIEE particular to progress in mastering direct sowing, either under (GIEE Sol en Caux, GIEE des 3 Vallées, GIEE Carbone’N’Caux) and plant cover or not, and crop rotation. Being part of the SCA four GSI (innovative systems groups). They try out innovative Network is very useful for exchanging ideas on our practices and practices and share equipment, such as seed drills, in order to to bring about the exploitation of SA production on the national reduce the investments necessary for a change in production scale. For example, the first technical day organised in Paris system. allowed us to share points for monitoring with other farmers' associations, but also to find out about innovative campaigns The APAD is the most advanced association in France in SCA. like the experiences of interactions between apiculture and Integrating its network gives more weight and greater scope the growing of legumes and also the operations for raising the to our actions. The SCA Rural Network also contributes to awareness of the wider public, especially those organised by the improving our old technology and to meeting groups of farmers Agro-Réseau 64 Association: the trophies for the most beautiful from all over France. This partnership was initially motivated plant cover and the "Festival of the view of a living soil from by the farmers themselves, seeking references, structure and beneath"." experience on the ground to reassure themselves, in order not to feel isolated and to learn from others. They are very aware of the importance of the quality of their soils and of the necessity to gather together around resources, ideas and projects."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 5 RENFORT
National regional forestry network How can we promote the renewal of forested areas and improve r the management of plots of private and public forest? In what way can we take the forests into account in planning documentation? “ What new markets are there for the timber sector? "In a context where climate change is having dramatic effects on French forests Proposing tools to help
- the bark beetle crisis, die-back of beech and pine trees - the issues of governance and management of the forests are crucial in order the territories develop to ensure a renewal of the forested areas," warns Lionel Viard, collective strategies for Forestry operations manager at APCA (Permanent Assembly of “ the Chambers of Agriculture). Co-piloted by APCA and the French the management of the National Federation of Forest Communities (Fncofor), RENFORT's aim is to "propose tools for comprehension and action to help the forests. territories to develop collective strategies for the management of , the forests," explains Françoise Alriq, deputy director of Fncofor. Françoise Alriq RENFORT bases its work around three themed axes: land, Deputy Director Fncofor management of the key variables (relationships between wild animals and trees, forest biodiversity, forest pastoralism) and the Lionel Viard, timber industry. "Our aim is also to set up a national network of Forestry manager at APCA actors working in these areas to identify and share existing solutions," adds Lionel Viard. "Lots of projects are in progress and are at the origin of many tools, which allow us to respond to the contemporary regions, these partners collaborate on subjects such as "vacant forestry issues, but the actors do not always know how to identify the property without an owner", silvopastoralism, the regeneration conditions in which they can use them or how to adapt them to their of the forest stands, the structure of regional industries (timber, own environment. We therefore want to promote networking and wood energy and wood for litter for livestock rearing in stalls) etc. the sharing of experience through major events like our Open Day “All these issues are dealt with on the territorial scale in order to find last 28 January." the strategies most suitable for the particular features of each area," specifies Françoise Alriq. "This local management is indispensable in Seven regions are involved in RENFORT, via partnerships between order to improve the capacity of the forested territories to adapt to the Chambers of Agriculture and the Regional Unions of Forest the consequences of climate change," concludes Lionel Viard. Communities. Depending on the issues and the problems in the
Find out more APCA : Lionel Viard [email protected]
Fncofor : Françoise Alriq franç[email protected] Françoise Alric www.fncofor.fr
chambres-agriculture.fr
THE REVIEW 6 of the French Rural network February 2020 Regularly planted forest of pine trees in the Doller valley (Haut-Rhin). © M. Dupeuble, Chambre régionale d'agriculture d'Alsace
"Setting up a network is essential for "Equipping the territories in their role of circulating our recommendations" decision-maker and developer" by Jean-Michel Rayne, forestry adviser at the Chamber of by Jessica Masson, Director of the Regional Union of Agriculture of the Hautes-Alpes Associations of Forest Communities Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes "In the context of our MCDR project, "At RENFORT we are working with the the Forest Communities (Cofor) and Chamber of Agriculture on matters the Chambers of Agriculture have of forested land and the balance chosen to distribute the work. We are between forestry and hunting. going to work on the production of On the first issue we are sharing guide on silvopasturalism. For their our tools such as map databases part, the Cofor are going to concentrate and diagnostic methodologies for on returning wooded communal land, forested land, in order to support the which does not come under forestry commune of Vailly (74) in its project control, to pasture. Pasture in the forest is an ancient practice in our for the creation of a forestry service and the management of region, which is enjoying a rekindling of interest among breeders. It the mountain forested areas. From this trial we have produced offers numerous advantages and responds to an additional demand a support methodology, which sets out our respective roles. for pasture. It also makes it possible to promote biodiversity and to For example, on our side, we are undertaking an inquiry into reduce the risks of forest fires. the "vacant" properties "without owners", which Vailly could acquire. For its part, the Chamber of Agriculture is producing a Our guide to good practice in silvopasture will be written in cartographic atlas of the plots of private forested land. We are collaboration with actors such as the DDT (Departmental Land- hoping to formalise our partnership, in order to reproduce it use Directorate), the CNPF (National Forest Ownership Centre), across the rest of the territory. On the question of the balance the ONF (National Office of Forests), the Cofor or the CERPAM between forestry and hunting, our objective with RENFORT is to (Centre for Pastoral Studies and Mediterranean Alps Projects). aid the elected representatives and the forest owners to adopt We realised in particular that there was very little literature the tools developed by the foresters and hunters in the context available on the management of tree-cutting in an environment of the PRFB (Programme régional Forêt-Bois [Regional forest- where silvopasture is practiced. Our first task therefore was to woodland Programme]) to determine the impact of the game research simple criteria, which could be easily monitored by the on the forests. It is a question in particular of making the elected services of the State, in order to determine the number of trees representatives aware of the major issues in this matter, for they to preserve on a plot of land. have a role as mediators. For three types of species - the deciduous species, in particular RENFORT has allowed us to construct a working method the oaks, the pines at colline altitude (Aleppo pine, Scots pine, in common with the Chamber of Agriculture. This ought to etc.) and the resinous mountain species (larches, mountain pines, contribute to the better equipment of the territories in their etc.) - we have determined what density to conserve in terms of roles as decision-makers and managers. I am eager to get to the the average diameter of the trees. Networking is essential in this restitution phase of the project, in particular to find out about project. Our recommendations have to be shared by everyone the work on urbanism and silvopasture, for we only work on in order to be better disseminated among the breeders, forestry these subjects from time to time. The experiences of the other owners and managers. In addition, we have decided to create an regions will help us to adopt concrete strategies in these areas. informal monitoring group on silvopasture. Its purpose is to have We shall gain time thanks to this capitalisation in networking." our recommendations evaluated with respect to global warming."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 7 TRESSONS
Rural areas and social and solidarity-based economy, tools and new synergies "With Tressons we want to highlight and strengthen the social and solidarity-based economy in the rural areas," explains Bérengère Daviaud, Operations Manager at Avise, the association co-piloting “ the project with the RTES Network of territories for the solidarity economy since 2018. The Tressons project involves three parts. An Promoting the emergence initial stage has consisted in analysing the projects relevant to the solidarity economy in rural areas and the dynamics, which underlie of a humane, citizen them, notably by means of territorial studies. These projects economy. originate from three very different areas: services to persons, local shops focusing on short circuits, sustainable mobility, circular “ economy, third places, employment and professional integration, access to digital technology, energy transition, etc. "It is a question Bérengère Daviaud, of analysing the role of these local scale initiatives and to draw Operations Manager at Avise attention to the levers, which allow them to become permanent," explains Bérengère Daviaud. In a second phase, meetings and teaching resources are organised for networks of business support initiatives (social or other) and where the engineering is lacking." for rural development, the solidarity economy actors and the Throughout the Tressons programme the creation of a network for local authorities. The aim is to promote the sharing of expertise, sharing information made up of many project partners, together the synergies, and to provide the operational engineering tools with communication campaigns (e.g. contributory newsletter, adapted to the issues revealed during the first phases. "The forums) have also made it possible to capitalise on and disseminate objective is to create real territorial eco-systems to promote the steps what has been learned from the project. "In response to the social which are included in the solidarity economy. We have flagged the and environmental issues, the social and solidarity-based economy is particularly inspiring practices over four territories, which have given a vector for revitalising and humanising the economy, a framework rise to monographs: the Val d’Ille-Aubigné (Brittany), federation of for the expression of citizen initiatives, which offer innovative municipalities of the Pays Terres de Lorraine, Pays Périgord Vert and solutions by means of new standards. We have to make them known, the Vercors Regional Natural Park,” specifies Bérengère Daviaud. so that these measures come together among themselves and “Subsequently, the project will support trial cooperations between multiply," concludes Bérengère Daviaud. actors in the solidarity economy, local authorities and actors in rural development in order to assist local projects across the territories
Find out more Avise : Bérengère Daviaud [email protected]
Social innovation territories, which have been the object of a study:
Communauté de communes Val d’Ille-Aubigné Pays Terres de Lorraine Pays Périgord Vert Parc naturel régional du Vercors
Summary of the TRESSONS study on: www.avise.org
www.rtes.fr
THE REVIEW 8 of the French Rural network February 2020 Éleveur caprin installéTRESSONS avec projectl’accompagnement launch meeting de la in CIAP Nancy Pays in Aprilde la 2019Loire © Pierre Hybre, agence© MYOP Avise
"Transmettre nos connaissances "L’opportunité de se tester et de lancer est"Heading une évidence" towards more solidarity-based son"The activité" solidarity economy can offer pareconomic Alain Huet, and paysan financial référent, éleveur models" ovin à Écuillé (49) paralternatives Bérenger Arnould, to dying berger villageitinérant accompagné centres" by Lisa Labarrière, Operations Manager at ANPP (Association bypar Anne la CIAP Le 49Tellier, Solidarity Economy Operations Manager "Adhérent à la CIAP depuis 2 ans, j’ai accepté d’accompagner un nationale des Pôles d’équilibre territoriaux et des Pays) on the Departmental Council of Ille-et-Vilaine stagiaire en 2018 : Bérenger. Pendant une année, mon rôle en "J’ai découvert l’activité ovine lors d’une réunion organisée par "Groupingtant que paysan togetherréférent a consistéthe "Ourla CIAP Department en mai 2018 has putpuis in j’ai place eu al’opportunité solidarity economy de suivre advisory deux representativesà le former à l’élevage of local de authorities, moutons. committeesemaines de composed stage auprès of somed’un berger thirty itinérantmembers: sur actors les bords in civil de companiesPâturage, agnelage, and associations, etc. Nous avons our society,Loire. En qualified octobre, j’aipersons, débuté universities mon stage andpaysan three créatif politicians chez Alain from structurevu l’ensemble federates du theprocessus territories, de theHuet. Department, Une fois par includingmois, je participais the vice-president également in aux charge formations of the whichproduction are ainsisupporting que tout cenumerous qu’il faut solidaritycollectives economy. proposées In par 2018 la inCIAP this afin committee, d’approfondir we discussed mon projet the projectsavoir pour providers maîtriser relevant un troupeau. to the questiond’installation of dying : gestion village d’entreprise, centres. In commercialisation our territory, alternatives en vente social and solidarity-based economy. todirecte, the solidarity communication, economy etc. actually represent viable solutions to Bérenger venait maximum 2 jours par the fact that it is impossible for conventional shops to survive in Insemaine. the framework Le reste du temps,of the ilTressons montait Depuis juin 2019, je bénéficie du portage d’activité proposé par la certain villages. programme,son projet d’installation Avise has produced et rencontrait two CIAP, notamment d’une avance pour investir dans le troupeau et monographsd’autres éleveurs devoted pour to thedécouvrir project différentsterritories: fonctionnements.Terres de Lorraine Notablyle matériel village : clôture shops mobile, are cuvescooperative et abreuvoirs, or associative moutonnière... shops andSon Périgordstage a pris vert. fin These au territoriesprintemps aremais particularly nous restons involved en contact in the orLa CIAPplaces assure involving l’hébergement the population: juridique bar, et fiscalrestaurant, de mon grocer's, activité projectsrégulièrement, in the solidarityau moins economy,une fois pas representative semaine. Des of liens a variety se sont of breadà travers depot, un contratcultural d’un space an investingrenouvelable the 3time fois. shared Cela permet by its areascréés etand c’est measures: cela qui services est intéressant to persons, et motivant, farmers' cooperatives,pour tous les employeesde se tester and et thede commitmentlancer son activité of volunteers. avant de In racheterpartnership les thedeux. development of short circuit food sectors, hotels, business withinvestissements BRUDED, a réalisés. network of politicians, we have suggested to incubators and so on. Studies of this type help us better to the politicians of Ille-et-Vilaine that they visit shops like these, Le paysan référent est là pour épauler le jeune dans son Aujourd’hui, je remets le pastoralisme au goût du jour. J’élève identify and become familiar with social economy projects in in order to publicise and spread this type of project. Some 70 installation, le conseiller sur sa production et le rassurer quand il 145 moutons (Roussins de la Hague et Ardennais Roux) et order to better draw attention to them and to be able to suggest elected representatives have responded to the invitation and fait face à des difficultés. commercialise la viande d’agneau en vente directe. Je déplace to those who provide them, tools, methods and resources suited have returned convinced that the measure is sound. We are mon troupeau en essayant de trouver des sites à proximité de toNous their avons needs aussi(contacts, été networks,jeune, avons good suivi practice, des possibilitiesstages et dû of currently working on a consultancy bid to the local authorities chez moi pour pouvoir rentrer le soir et profiter d’un certain fundingapprendre or lesynergies métier, c’estbetween donc territories, naturel et etc.).évident de transmettre and a bid to provide administrative umbrella support for local confort de vie. Je travaille notamment avec des gestionnaires nos connaissances à notre tour. Cette première expérience ayant shops. To respond to the environmental and social challenges, we must d’espaces naturels afin d’entretenir et de préserver des coteaux, été un succès, je suis prêt à accueillir un nouveau stagiaire quand urgently rethink our economic and financial models in order to Ourdes vignes, local authority des peupleraies..." is a partner in the Tressons programme. In l’occasion se présentera." head towards more solidarity-based lifestyles, allowing more the context of this programme Avise has undertaken a study room for the human aspect. With its intense involvement in the devoted to the federation of municipalities of Val d’Ille-Aubigné, solidarity economy measures the rural world is not dragging an entity very involved in sustainable development. This behind in these matters, quite the contrary!" monograph offer us a valuable view of shops in rural villages."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 9 #Happyterr#
Innovative, local farming alliances to develop regeneration of the farming environment Many people retiring, too few new arrivals... This reality is affecting the farming community badly. To improve the situation, the Coopérative d’Installation en Agriculture Paysanne (CIAP) Pays de “ la Loire is piloting #Happyterr#. The project covering the Great West is extending the work carried out between 2015 and 2018 in Creating a mutual the context of DEAPNA (Developing agricultural entrepreneurship for persons without a farming background). Its objective is simple: assistance network to to put in place mechanisms for securing the procedures in setting facilitate moving to up for persons who do not have a farming background or who are “ outside a family framework and to promote their moving into the and integrating into the territories. “When a family member takes over a farm, the buyer often benefits from the network and the solidarity created around territories. the farm. Persons, who do not have a farming background do not , have this help," explains Maëlys Dilé, Support Manager at the CIAP Maëlys Dilé Pays de la Loire. support manager at CIAP 49 The first tool for supporting the new arrivals: the Creative Farmer Training Course. Supported by farming mentors and a local support permanent test locations in organic market gardening at Saint- group, the trainees are trained for one year in working methods, Herblain (44), Redon (35) and, as from this year, at Sainte-Gemmes- administrative and financial management, in marketing, etc. sur-Loire (49). They offer technical support and a secure framework "Their access to the means of production are facilitated, they can for producing, managing the activity and marketing the production. develop an economic model and also develop a direct sales network. The #Happyterr# partners are working this year on developing The training course facilitates setting up in the territory and in the an observatory for new business intended to highlight the factors professional environment by creating a mutual support network." in setting up permanent businesses outside the family support As a cooperative the CIAP is able to accommodate the legal, network. They are also analysing the transfer of the SCOP model economic and administrative aspects of take-over projects and to farming businesses, “particularly to facilitate transfer and to creation of a business. It offers, moreover, pre-financing intended secure the social status of the farmers." Over time the support for the acquisition of the initial means of production and for the tools deployed in the context of #Happyterr# all target one development of the activity. The beneficiaries can thus obtain up single objective: developing the policies for setting up a business, to 40,000 euros. "We support some thirty projects each year. In cooperation and modernisation in farming to respond to the 2018 this represented 645,000 euros committed for 500,000 euros challenge of generation renewal. turnover generated by the project providers." The CIAP finally offers
Find out more CIAP PDL : Maëlys Dilé ; [email protected]
ARAP : [email protected]
CIAP 22 : [email protected]
ARDEAR : [email protected]
ARDEAR : [email protected]
Champs du partage : [email protected]
Trebatu : [email protected]
http://ciap-pdl.fr/reseau-interregional-happyterr/
THE REVIEW 10 of the French Rural network February 2020 Goat breeder installed with the support of the CIAP Pays de la Loire © Pierre Hybre, agence MYOP
"Passing on our knowledge is self-evident" "The opportunity to put yourself to the test by Alain Huet, farming mentor and sheep farmer in Écuillé (49) and to launch your business activity" "As a member of the CIAP for two by Bérenger Arnould, itinerant shepherd supported by the years, I agreed to give support CIAP 49 and guidance to a trainee in 2018: "I discovered sheep farming at a Bérenger. For a year my role as a meeting organised by the CIAP in May farming mentor has consisted in 2018 and then I had the opportunity training him in sheep rearing. Pasture, to attend a two-week course with lambing, etc. We have looked at the an itinerant shepherd on the banks entire production process and all that of the Loire. In October, I began my he needs to know to manage a flock. Creative Farmer Training Course with Bérenger came for a maximum of two days per week. The rest Alain Huet. Once a month I also took of the time he worked in setting up his business and met other part in collective training courses breeders to find out about different ways of working. His training offered by the CIAP in order to improve my skills for setting course ended in the spring, but we stay in regular contact, at up my business: business management, direct sales marketing, least once a week. Links have been created and this is what is communication, etc. interesting and motivating, for both of us. Since June 2019, I have benefited from business support offered The farming mentor is there to give the young person a helping by the CIAP. Notably I was given an advance to invest in the flock hand in setting up his business, to advise him on his production and the equipment: portable fencing, vats and troughs, sheep and to reassure him when he is facing difficulties. transport trailer, etc. The CIAP takes care of the legal and tax aspects of my business through a one year contract renewable We were also young once, attended courses and had to learn the three times. This lets me test things out and launch my business job, so it is natural and obvious to pass on our knowledge in our before redeeming the investments made. turn. Since this first experience was a success, I am prepared to accept a new trainee when the opportunity arises." Today, I am bringing pastoralism up to date. I farm 145 sheep (Roussins de la Hague and Ardennais Roux) and market the lamb meat. I move my flock around and try to find sites close to home to be able to return in the evening and benefit from a certain amount of comfort. I work in particular with managers of natural spaces in order to maintain and preserve the hillsides, the vineyards, the poplar groves, etc."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 11 PORT@IL
A third place, two thirds of solidarity and mixing of the generations
Promoting the development of rural third places. This is the objective of the PORT@IL project provided by the Familles Rurales association. "These new spaces make it possible to respond to four challenges the “ rural environment is confronted with: maintaining the local spaces, rebuilding social links, promoting the integration of digital technologies Hybridisation of and developing businesses," confirms Eric Rossi, adviser for Europe et Territoires à Familles Rurales and coordinator of PORT@IL. This businesses, shared research project is involved with observing and supporting 34 leadership... We are third place trial projects*. How do we make the organisation, the “ governance and the funding of these spaces a success? To what extent already identifying good do they develop social links and the territories’ attractiveness? What skills are needed? "More than half of the sites monitored have already practice to ensure the been created today and another ten will open in the first six months of 2020." Spurred on by associations, local authorities, citizens' continued existence of collectives or groups of entrepreneurs, these trials are spread over third places. twenty Departments, across a variety of rural territories. "There is no critical size to animate a third place and the problems remain the same: Eric Rossi, distance from the employment base, dispersed range of equipment and Adviser, Europe and Territories services, unused activity spaces, and so on." at Familles Rurales Analysing and monitoring these spaces should allow Familles Rurales and its twenty or so partners to formulate recommendations in Another important part of PORT@IL consists of providing training to order to promote public policies for the development of the third support the project providers, volunteers, employees or organisers places. "Several avenues are already becoming obvious, such as the of the third places: boot camps on social entrepreneurship, seminars hybridisation of businesses in order to generate several sources of on the governance of third places, days for meetings and sharing funding, like certain alerts notably concerning public assistance, which experiences... "This training offer is set to expand even further (tutorials, is massive today and which could create dependence, or the question of distance learning, etc.) and some fifteen new project providers are leadership, which must always be shared," explains Eric Rossi. In order wanting to join our dynamic," says a delighted Eric Rossi. "The MCDR to evaluate the impact of the third places on the dynamics of the project call represents an opportunity for the development of third territories (development of activities, creation of partnerships, new places. The mobilisation of numerous actors around this issue allows us audiences ...), an inventory has also been drawn up in 2019. It will be to create bridges and to enrich our work and methodologies." replicated at the end of the project, in 2021, to measure its effects.
Find out more Familles Rurales : Éric Rossi [email protected]
https://tiers-lieux.famillesrurales.org/le-projet-portail
THE REVIEW 12 of the French Rural network February 2020 Presentation of the "Laboratoire des transitions" third place to the inhabitants of Vasles (79) during a summer market. © Laboratoire des transitions
"Becoming a source centre of social links" "With PORT@lL, our project gains by Maxime Gouet, digital mediator and facilitator relevance" in Saint-Hilaire Bonneval (87) by Yassir Yebba, co-founder of the Transitions Laboratory "Provided by Briance Roselle, a Association in Vasles (79) Familles Rurales association, our "A third place created by our "Késaco" third place is located in a association, the Maison des community of 950 inhabitants. It transitions is located in the heart of opened in June 2019 with the aim the community, in the premises of a of becoming a source of social links. former transport firm. Our aim with We are now in the preview phase: we this place is to organise a research have some activities, but we open process on environmental, cultural only on Fridays and Saturdays. A new and economic transition and to stage should begin in the second six months of 2020. We are contribute to restoring confidence in still working through the grant files and we are looking for more a future founded on citizen dynamics. We see the Maison des spacious premises in order to offer co-working spaces. Providing transitions as a place of social change. Our activities started in digital resources and skills is the starting point for Késaco, but September 2019 in exploratory mode. They are centred around we also have other activities: a digital café, local entertainments, two spaces. The first is an associative café, a place where there such as festive markets and upholstery workshops offered by is a social life, where we organise cooking workshops using local one of the first users of the third place, who is now a member products, coding teas, a DIY lab for the repair of objects and the of the Steering Committee. In addition, we are in the course of loan of equipment, etc. The second is a project and initiative developing a "server farm", in order to offer something original: bank, a BPI. The inhabitants can go there to share their ideas and the hire of virtual computers. offer their services and skills. Monitoring of grants, help in putting together files for funding I immediately liked the collaborative aspect of PORT@IL. Being or implementing a cash flow plan: the support of PORT@IL is a able to participate in their thinking on third places and to attend valuable aid. Without it, I am not sure whether we would have their training courses has given me assurance and confidence in become involved in the project. On a personal level, I attended what I was doing as well as a methodology for conducting the the training for facilitators between June and December. I project. It has also allowed me to exchange views with other gained a great deal from it, especially on the methodology for creators of third places. Talking to them makes our project more setting up a project. I have also participated in the seminar relevant and strengthens my conviction that transition is above on the governance of third places and these have been rich all a question of collective intelligence." opportunities to meet other people. Working together is very important for not feeling alone in confronting our problems, discovering projects and foster emulation."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 13 Mobilisation of a network of participants to support climate transition
"There is an urgent need to encourage farms and local authorities to adopt new practices, which promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions," states Didier Jammes, supervisor at the pôle “ Agroenvironnement Energie Climat for the PACA Organic Network (84), the organisation responsible for technical coordination of Promoting innovative, the Mobilisation of a network of participants to support climate transition project. Provided by the national organic farming effective campaigns with federation, FNAB, and eleven technical partners and financiers, regard to adapting to the aim of this project is to develop a national network of plots “ of land and local authorities, in order to promote extremely climate change. effective, innovative actions with respect to the adaptation to climate change. Its purpose is to show the economic, agronomic, Didier Jammes, environmental and climatic importance linked to the development supervisor at the pôle of practices, production systems and regional procedures or Agroenvironnement Energie approaches. The Action Plan developed by the partners is deployed across six territories: Occitanie, PACA, Hauts de France, Grand Est Climat for the PACA Organic and Pays de Loire. It is divided into three axes designed to mobilise Network networks of actors around common objectives. Entitled Soils, Organic, Climate, the aim of the first axis is to To guide the farmers and the local authorities through these trials, constitute a network of plots of land, in order to study the carbon the FNAB is proceeding stage by stage. In particular, it is offering storage capacity of the soil and to improve its fertility. "If it were training courses to bring farmers up to date and to improve their possible to store 4 parts per 1000 of carbon in all soils, we would skills, the drafting of an inventory (soil analysis, the farm's carbon compensate for the carbon emitted by human beings," stresses footprint, diagnostic survey of the energy aspects of the region) Didier Jammes. “This is impossible in practical terms, but it is part and site visits in the company of experts. These days invite farmers, of the solution." The second axis of the project, Organic Climate whether organic or non-organic, elected representatives, local Farms, concentrates on the resilience of the farms: optimised authority managers and technicians to design together proposals for management of inputs, energy savings... Lastly, Organic Climate initiatives. Eventually, in the form of methodological specifications, Territories, the third and final axis, is for its part devoted to summary sheets and practical guides, the partners will share the renewable energy production and sustainable food on the scale results of the actions undertaken, in order to "incite farms and the of the EPCI public establishments for cooperation between local local authorities to appropriate and to increase favourable practices". authorities.
Find out more Bio de Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur : Didier Jammes [email protected]
GABB32 : gabb32.org
Bio 46 : Fanelli Walter [email protected]
CIVAM Bio 53 : [email protected]
Bio en Grand Est : [email protected]
Bio en Hauts-de-France : [email protected]
www.fnab.org
THE REVIEW 14 of the French Rural network February 2020 Exchange group on agronomic practice in Mayenne © Civam Bio 53
"Cover the soil with plants to harness green "I realised what had to be done differently" house gases" by Pierre Albouy, cereal farmer in Forcalquier (04) by Karim Riman, consultant in agro-ecology "I do not claim to want to change the "The recent studies by INRA, the world, I simply want to be up to date National Institute of Agricultural with my level of information and reading Research, have shown that additional about the world, especially with respect storage of at least 4 parts per 1000 of to global warming. That is why in 2013 carbon per year in all the farmland in I decided to start farming organically. the world would make it possible to In 2019 I had the opportunity to join absorb carbon dioxide (a greenhouse the "Mobilisation d'un réseau d'acteurs gas) and to limit global warming. pour accompagner la transition How can we achieve this? By leaving climatique" [Mobilisation of a network of participants to support as little as possible of the soil without cover. There are several climate transition] project. With Didier Jammes and Karim Riman, solutions: covering the soil with plants, creating temporary our objective is to store additional carbon (more than 4 parts per grasslands, practising agro-forestry... 1000 per year) in the soil. These few hectares will not save the planet, but we need pilot zones to show that it is possible to put To test these different techniques we have chosen field crops carbon back into the soil. with a reputation for being poor in organic matter and which offer a wide margin for manoeuvre. We are working on the active In France 90% of agricultural land is exploited in what we call microbial biomass in the soil (bacteria, fungi), the phosphorus, conventional farming. The soil is very degraded by this intensive nitrogen and carbon cycles, etc. The objective is to demonstrate exploitation. I have taken over plots of land which have also emerged that by the end of three years - which is a very short period for from chemistry. All types of life in the soil (micro-organisms, fungi, such an ambitious project - carbon storage will have evolved. root systems) have been totally destroyed or reduced by the In 2021 we will measure the plant height and mass in order to pesticides used before. The objective is to allow living organisms to calculate the quantity of carbon stored. return to this soil, in particular by replacing carbon in it. Our ambition is also to publicise our campaign to attenuate We have introduced cover crops and the incorporation of organic the effects of climate change. We present it on visits to plots of matter into the soils by mechanical destruction of these cover land in the presence of farmers, organisers of structures, elected crops. After sampling and analysing the soil, we have chosen the representatives, technicians..." percentage of distribution of grains between species. We have selected an annual legume (Vicia Ervilia), oats and radish to optimise the quantity of organic material produced. We are in the initial stage of this project, which is set to last three years, but we anticipate that we will obtain conclusive results."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 15 ÉCLAT
To test local agro-ecology with local authorities
Erosion of biodiversity, loss of quality in food production, unequal value distribution in the farming sectors... There are so many problems encountered nowadays by the rural areas. In order “ to bring out new farming models and to improve the local and collective implementation of the agro-ecological transition, the Linking environmental
FNCUMA, TRAME, CIVAM, FADEAR networks, the FRCIVAM Pays de la Loire and the France Nature Environnement association issues, social contract, have founded ECLAT. In the context of this project, five pilot governance and sites have been selected. "They are experimenting with procedures “ for consultation and joint construction of agro-ecological multi- functional economic actor transition policies, methods of collective management of common agro-environmental assets (biodiversity, water, air and soil model. quality...) or else new forms of contractualisation such as the MAEC , collective (Agro-environmental and Climatic Measures)," explains Agnès Le Foulgoc Agnès Le Foulgoc, FNCUMA Operations Manager for support FNCUMA Operations Manager and promotion of innovation. Located in the Ardennes, Indre, the Loire, the Lot and the Vendée, these sites have been set up by organisers and farmers' groups in concert with local partners: local identify their complementarities: "We exchange views on our authorities, environmentalists, businesses, associations, citizens ... support practices, we share our resources and we develop mutual The purpose of these field trials is "to send proposals up the line, consciousness. This is a very rich programme," confirms Agnès Le notably for the next CAP." Supporting the transition of systems, Foulgoc. "We also work on exchanging views with MCDR projects, collective investment, local trials, support for groups, regional especially on ways of supporting the actors on the ground. For autonomy... example, FNCUMA is a link with the providers of the projects, “Rural development by cooperation" (see p.18) and TRESSONS (see p.8). Certain partners of ECLAT have already contributed to the Globally, their work in the social and solidarity-based economy formulation of proposals for the development of the future sector corresponds to what we are seeking for the farming sector: CAP with the support of the results from the preceding MCDR a link between the environmental issues, governance of the social "COLLAGRO" programme (2015-2018). For the project partners, contract and a functional economic model." ECLAT is also the opportunity to develop their network and to
Find out more FNCUMA : Agnès Le Foulgoc [email protected]
GDA de la Thiérache – Ardennes : Didier Philippe [email protected]
ADAR-CIVAM du Boischaut Sud-Indre : Céline Bihel [email protected]
ADDEAR Loire : Carl Waroquiers [email protected]
CUMA Lot Environnement : Charlotte Brousse [email protected]
GRAPEA CIVAM – Vendée : Vincent Brossillon [email protected] www.cuma.fr
THE REVIEW 16 of the French Rural network February 2020 Strip till maize sowing methods at the GAEC Pech d'Amont (Labathude, 46) © Fermes de Figeac
"Exchanging experiences is an inexhaustible "Sharing and gaining recognition for our gold mine" vision of agriculture" by Loïc Dekoster, farming mentor and administrator at the by Carl WAROQUIERS, organiser of the group "Seeds and ADAR-CIVAM of Boischaut Sud (36) territorial autonomy" at the ADDEAR Loire (42) "On our territory, in Indre, ADAR- "A merger of several groups CIVAM organises several farmers' of breeders, the "Semences et networks (Dephy, 30,000...) as well autonomie territoriale" group has as the Trame Verte et Bleue resource been expanding for five years now. centre. As a result of the MCDR Today it brings together some fifty COLLAGRO project we decided, farmers around two main work axes: with five other farmers, to create a the production and exchange of local GIEE (Economic And Environmental or farmers' seeds (maize, protein Interest Group). Today it is made and fodder crops, etc.) and food up of 16 farmers and the group is involved in ECLAT. Our aim autonomy for herds on the scale of one or more farms. For two is to integrate the farming mentors within the decision-making years, we have been widening our thematic areas of reflection bodies - steering and technical committees - of the MAEC (Agro- with the aim of developing breeding systems directed towards environmental and Climatic Measures) of the Pays de La Châtre agro-ecological farming techniques, in other words, with more in Berry. With the support of ECLAT, we want to bring to MAEC autonomy to make decisions, a better environmental value and our experience on the ground, particularly on the conservation with better remuneration. and improvement of wet grasslands and the mixed woodland ECLAT is the opportunity for us to stand back with our partners and pasture, known as the bocage. (water authorities, Regional Directorates of Food Agriculture and What we like best about the MCDR project are the opportunities Forestry, regional parks, League for The Protection of Birds, Milk that it offers to share and exchange experiences. It is an Control Agency, etc.) and reflect on our organisation and the inexhaustible gold mine. At each meeting, working day or field complex issue of environmental assets. The project also offers us visit we learn something new. Being confronted with groups the opportunity to send our vision of agriculture up to the public from all over France with climates, crops and constraints very authorities. The task is formidable. Today, the farming world has different from ours is very positive. It give us ideas, methods for to face up to important changes and there is great anxiety as implementing a project or technical tips, which make it possible to the future of farming smallholdings, which are on a human to break the deadlock. The fact that the networks involved in scale and respect the environment. For example, we want public ECLAT are inter-connected also provides information on trials of policies to recognise the time spent by farmers in reflecting on new legislation and many contacts." and experimenting with new practices for the collective."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 17 Rural development through cooperation
Producing, implementing and circulating new knowledge about "how to cooperate" "Our research on the ground makes it clear: when the territories develop their capacity to cooperate, their "cooperative skill", they produce economic, social, cultural, environmental development," “ confirms Patrick Beauvillard, co-founder, with his wife Anne, of the Institut des territoires coopératifs (InsTerCoop), a centre of action- MCDR labelling brings an research-transmission devoted to the mechanisms of cooperation. It was from the starting point of this finding and with the desire unprecedented impact to to help the territories to develop their capacity to cooperate that our work. InsTerCoop launched the MCDR project, "Rural development “ through cooperation". Patrick Beauvillard, It is deepening the understanding on the ground of the mechanisms co-founder of the Institut at the origin of cooperation, improving the cooperative dynamics of des territoires coopératifs the actors, and disseminating the action principles for cooperation, which develops the capacity for cooperative initiatives to emerge (InsTerCoop) and to grow. These three objectives run through the project, which progresses in three sequences. The first, which ended in late 2019, groups in order to "explore what has changed". Finally, the third consisted in observing and putting questions to some thirty groups phase will be the showing of a documentary film on cooperation. active in rural development: CUMA, the cooperative for the use of In fact, a documentary film maker is following Anne and Patrick agricultural equipment, businesses, CAE, local authorities regional Beauvillard throughout their travels. natural parks, Local Action Groups, etc. “We travelled through the The project is conducted in partnership with CGSCOP (General Great East, Auvergne and the territories of the Orne and Mayenne Federation of SCOP), Coopérer pour Entreprendre, FNCUMA, on foot. During each of these itineraries we met about ten groups, RTES, RNMA (National Network of Maisons des Associations) with very different natures and objectives and undertook two public and the Regional Rural Networks of the Great East, Normandy, conferences." During these meetings Anne and Patrick presented Pays de la Loire and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Brought together in the results of their previous work (the 12 "action principles for "cooperative governance", they are developing their own capacity cooperation", the concept of "cooperative maturity" and other to cooperate, adopt the action principles for cooperation and issues) and questioned the participants in order to "explore their disseminate them in their networks. "We are delighted to have at deeper reasons for cooperating". For the second sequence, in April our side business people, freelance workers, associations, groups and and May, the founders of InsterCoop will return to discuss with the representatives from the world of farming," says a delighted Patrick Beauvillard. "MCDR labelling brings an unprecedented impact to our work."
Find out more InsTerCoop : Patrick Beauvillard [email protected]
https://instercoop.fr/developpement-rural-cooperation/
THE REVIEW 18 of the French Rural network February 2020 Anne and Patrick Beauvillard with members of the Cuma in Condé and the Cuma Les Agités in Boca during a journey in the Great East in late 2018 © FR CUMA Grand Est
"Becoming aware of the depth of resilience "Bringing the mechanisms implicit in in cooperation" cooperation to the surface" by Martin Gricourt, "Territoire zéro chômeur de longue durée" by Guy Baudon, director and producer of documentary films Project Manager for the Nouvelle Equation association "I conceive and build my films jointly "Nouvelle Equation is an association with people. I never film the other created on the initiative of the town person, but the relationship with the of Joinville (52). It brings together other person. This cooperative vision local businesses, villages in the small goes well with that of Anne and community, the Departmental Patrick Beauvillard, for whom I am Council, inhabitants and associations producing a 52-minute documentary on the issue of unemployment and film devoted to their work. Although the sustained lack of employment. the final form of the film has not Our objective is to put together been decided, since I jointly build a file in order to participate in a it, what I want to show is the evolution of the people and the second "Territoire zéro chômeur de longue durée (zero long groups as a result of their testing of the "12 action principles term unemployed territory)" trial. Already tested out on 10 for cooperation". How, little by little, the people progress in the territories, this initiative aims to create enterprises with the aim of cooperation. The film will be shown at debates on the territories employment (EBE) to employ unemployed persons on permanent explored by Anne and Patrick and in other European countries contracts and respond to the needs of the territory. The idea thanks to sub-titling in English. is to use the passive expenses linked to lack of employment Part of the documentary will look at "cooperative governance"; (unemployment benefits) to finance these new posts. this section will bring together some fifteen managers of Bringing together and getting so many different actors to structures, which are project partners. Together they develop cooperate on this matter is unprecedented for our territory. their skills in cooperation and their roles in cooperation within The visit of Anne and Patrick Beauvillard in November 2018 their networks. To date, I have filmed three meetings. What is allowed us to become aware of the in-depth wealth of resources interesting is that at the beginning, the participants use the in cooperation and to develop our capacity to cooperate. For term "we" a lot and then they gradually start to use "I". This example, we asked ourselves about the question of leadership: means they are talking less about their profession and talking how do you allow each person to occupy his or her right place? more about themselves. They are then bringing to the surface Today, we are more inclined to take a long look at our practices the mechanisms implicit in cooperations at the heart of the and our group is sufficiently mature, resilient and united to find InsterCoop work. Many participants say that they are now better the solutions." able to cooperate, that their attitude has changed and that this improves their relationships and the efficiency of the teams."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 19 JARA
Young actors in rural areas and farming What is the place of rural youth in their territory? What is their view of setting up as a farmer, or of agro-ecology or food? These questions are at the origin of the JARA project piloted by the “ Christian Rural Youth Movement (MRJC). The aim of this MCDR is to make young people aware of the issues and realities of the Making young people world of farming in order to encourage them to become active in their territory. To achieve this, JARA notably proposes campaigns aware of the issues and designed to attract people towards occupations in agriculture realities of the world and to facilitate setting up a farm and moving to the country, in particular as a collective. "For example, we have organised an of farming in order international festival in Besançon in August 2018, the "The Meeting": “ three days of workshops and debates on the question of farming to encourage them to issues, cultural exchanges and concerts, which brought together 3,000 young people from France and Germany for the most part," become active in their explains Cédric Letourneur, national secretary of the MRJC. Many territory. other operations have also taken place throughout the first year of the project: shared farm and garden visits, workshops on agro- Cédric Letourneur, ecology and food and also study trips in France and Germany in national secretary at the MRJC order to meet farmers. The JARA partners invest their effort in particular on collective is a play-based approach to the issues encountered by farmers initiatives and exchanges in order to contribute to a better throughout their careers and is an invitation to become aware of apprehension of the world of farming. "For spring 2020, we are the realities of their profession. "On trial today as a teaching tool preparing a meeting with the agricultural and rural press, so that the in classes at three of the Maison familiale rurale and at a Breton young people can participate in the production of magazines and that agricultural high school, this game allows groups of young people information becomes more accessible," explains Cédric Letourneur. to make collective choices based on their knowledge of accounting, "In January 2019, the hundred or so young people at the "Try the agricultural economy, animal production, etc." Finally, MRJC rural life!" symposium also contributed to formulating proposals highlights local commitments as a gateway into setting up as a for moving into the rural environment along with researchers, farmer: "Becoming involved in a territory, within an associations or a geographers, sociologists, actors on the ground, etc." Moreover, the citizens' group, makes it possible to create a network for developing organisers of JARA disseminate a teaching tool, Les Agronautes, the first marketing solutions, find land or join a CUMA cooperative created during JEUNES, a previous MCDR project. This board game for the use of agricultural equipment and so on."
Find out more MRJC : Cédric Letourneur [email protected] www.mrjc.org
THE REVIEW 20 of the French Rural network February 2020 “You appropriate your territory by being in direct contact with it," believes Cédric Letourneur © MRJC "Young people reflect on their food and "Introduce new farming models to trigger agricultural production" a response" by Olivier Fumex, permanent organiser by Marie Meurant, permanent organiser of the MRJC of the MRJC Haute-Savoie in Avesnois & Hainaut "With JARA, we want in particular to "With our groups of young people, train young people in the know-how, I organise convivial get-togethers which is being lost as time goes by. around a meal and visits to farms. On our local scale, in Haute-Savoie, Most of the participants are familiar for example, we organised an event in with the world of farming and so I October to show them the artisanal try to show them models different manufacture of apple juice and to from those of conventional farming highlight the associated know-hows: in order to trigger a response. For the importance of the old orchards, example, we visited the Nuage farm, the manufacturing process, etc. Together, we completed the in Saint-Rémy-du-Nord, in order to show them that you can process from A to Z: picking the apples, crushing them, extracting make a living from organic farming: with only 40 ewes, this small the juice, sterilisation and so on. structure, run by a couple, makes ice-cream from ewe's milk. Another major local project was a training course on the Common In January 2019, we organised the symposium, "Oser le rural !" Agricultural Policy, initiated by a group of six young people, who in our territory. This five-day event brought together a national were curious about this subject. They had become aware that the park, local cultural associations and geographers around the CAP had major effects on their food and agricultural production topic of "living, making decisions and working in the rural in general. They did their research and met agricultural engineers environment". The young people notably had the chance to take in order better to understand the issues. The result of their work part in a simulation exercise: in a village, each of them had a role, was the creation of a training course intended for an audience, a new identity (students, employees with or without an income, which did not come from a farming background. Offered and so on) and had to put together projects to be defended in in April, June and November 2019, this training course was front of the Mayor. greatly appreciated. It also gave rise to an extension of the Les I also coordinate an annual trip to accompany young people Agronautes game by integrating information on the impact and from 13 to 15 years of age to the Paris International Agricultural influence of the CAP." Show. This year we are going to offer in parallel a training course on the CAP, as well as workshops and conferences. We will also organise meetings in order to encourage young people to share their experiences of life in their different territories. These exchanges are always enriching and allow them to stand back and take stock."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 21 TERREAU
Transfer of experiences developed in rural areas: spin-off, agriculture, uses "The challenge of a project such as Terreau is to contribute to maintaining and developing the vitality of the rural world, the number of farmers and the area of farms, by promoting in particular “ generation renewal among farmers," sums up Vincent Jannot, director of the Terre de Liens association, which is piloting this Contributing to the programme*. Welcoming newcomers to the rural world is one of Terreau's main axes. In a context in which many small farms maintenance of farms and have difficulty in finding buyers, the new smallholder farmers, who to generation renewal in have in some cases exercised another occupation, need advice and to find good contacts, in order to access land, bank credit the rural world. and housing. Some newcomers also rely on craft manufacturing, “ or rural business, often alongside their main activity (e.g. the sale Vincent Jannot, of honey or other products; hosting visitors at the farm). "With director of the Terre de Liens our five partners, each with their own speciality, we share our tools Association within Terreau in order to provide extra support and guidance to these persons," explains Vincent Jannot. Terre de Liens alone helps 1,400 project providers throughout France. The support offered by the structures involved in Terreau is long links between the urban world and the rural world, by supporting term, since it follows the persons concerned for one to four years. initiatives such as the AMAP (associations for the maintenance of "The objective is to take into account the whole of their business smallholder farming), which seals an alliance between farmers and plan to help them to ask themselves the right questions: there citizens. must be consistency between the person, their plan and their host Terreau, planned to continue until 2021, is the successor to an territory," says Vincent Jannot. Among other tools available, the initial MCDR project, entitled, "AGIS", (Agriculture and social agricultural space tests make it possible to evaluate the viability innovation), conducted between 2015 and 2018 in partnership of an innovative project over a number of years. "The guidance with CREFAD, a public education association also involved in may also concern, for example, candidates for taking over shops the new programme. "These two projects have been in harmony in the heart of the village, initiatives which are essential in order to with our initiative for more than fifteen years, in favour of resilient keep villages alive." Terreau also promotes collaborative processes agriculture, which takes account of the environmental issues," and intends to capitalise on good practice in order to spread it concludes Vincent Jannot. to new territories. Finally, this programme intends to tighten the * with five partners: RENETA, RELIER, CIVAM, FADEAR and CREFAD
Find out more Terre de Liens : Vincent Jannot [email protected]
Project deployed everywhere in France by the regional associations
terredeliens.org
THE REVIEW 22 of the French Rural network February 2020 In Haute-Loire, the Flaceleyre farm regularly hosts project providers who have come to try out market gardening with animal drawn vehicles. © Terre de Liens "Our project providers have three years to "PARCEL makes it possible to evaluate the test the setting-up of their project" effects of re-localising farming production" by Maëla Noël, Guidance, Organisation and Training Manager by Damien Roumet, Resources Coordinator at the Terre de at Les Champs des Possibles cooperative Liens Association "Our structure came into being in "At the end of 2019, in partnership 2009 on the initiative of the AMAP with the BASIC laboratory and the network, to support project providers, FNAB, we launched PARCEL (parcel- who wish to set up businesses in app.org), a site which highlights organic market gardening. Today, we the link between consumption and manage a dozen activity test sites food production. Its users (elected in Île-de-France. The candidates representatives, farmers, citizens, for setting up a business are either technicians) can play on three levers of in immersion on a host farm, or sustainability: the proportion of food in autonomy on-site, where we provide them with land and from one territory or one family to be relocated; the proportion equipment, such as the Toussacq farm (Seine-et-Marne). In of production from organic farming and the proportion of this way, they can assess their skills, their motivation and the animal products in the diet of consumers. The PARCEL converter viability of their activity in the various sectors: apart from market assesses the effect of the choices made in terms of agricultural gardeners, we host livestock breeders (sheep, goats and poultry), land and jobs, together with their ecological impact: greenhouse a producer of aromatic and medicinal plants and some bakers. gas emissions, water pollution, consequences for biodiversity and the condition of the soil, etc. In parallel, the site makes it Our project providers have three years to test their economic possible to calculate an estimation of production available by model, then if they wish, they may join the cooperative. They re-localising the agriculture on a given area, depending on the then keep their autonomy as entrepreneurs, while benefitting land you possess. This method is often used, for example, by the from the status of associated employee. The test of activity communities, which have small plots of fallow land, which they may also concern the handing over of a farm or an association wish to cultivate. on a pre-existing farm. Currently the cooperative includes six employees and brings together some thirty persons, who thus Mobilising statistical and academic data, PARCEL is intended also benefit from legal, accounting, tax and social support. to be an exhaustive, transparent teaching tool, designed to aid particularly in taking a decision on matters of land management. We are committed to the Terreau programme via our It is accessible to non-experts and provides more detailed membership of the Reneta. In this context we exchange ideas information to technicians. In the context of Terreau, this site with other test spaces on the subject of issues such as setting up, supports all those who intend to commit themselves to a business diversification or transfer of the farm." process of contributing to the construction of a farming and food system, which is based on quality and is more resilient, putting more emphasis in investing in short circuits."
THE REVIEW of the French Rural network February 2020 23 The second pillar of the CAP (EAFRD) is the European policy dedicated to rural development. It represents about 18% of the budget which Europe allocates to France for the CAP. The Regions, regional rural development programme management authorities, adapt the measures proposed by the European Union to their territory and their issues. The maps below show the distribution of the cantons in Metropolitan France and the Overseas Departments in terms of (1) the number of beneficiaries, (2) the average amount of aid received per beneficiary, who has received at least one payment, in the context of the second pillar of 2014 to 2018 (source: ASP). One quarter of the cantons submit more than 81 beneficiaries. In addition, the amounts of aid received per beneficiary are greater than 40,800 euros for one quarter of the cantons. The Compensatory Allowance for Natural Handicaps (ICHN) represents a significant proportion (about 63%) of the aid paid from this second pillar from 2014 to 2018.
Number of beneficiaries of the second pillar of the Average amount of subsidies per beneficiary of the CAP, by canton (total 2014-2018) second pillar of the CAP, by canton (total 2014-2018)
Cartes issues de l’atlas produit par l’ODR début 2020.
A resource centre created and managed by INRAE*, the Observatory of Rural Development (ODR) offers technical assistance for the assessment of community programmes for rural development. This activity falls within the National Rural Network Specific Programme and concerns the monitoring of the national framework, together with the assistance provided to the management authorities for the implementation of the evaluation plans. Furthermore, the ODR brings together, within an integral information system, databases from different partners relating to the agricultural systems and policies and participates in work on several issues: agricultural and agro-environmental policies and more generally, rural development, crop and production systems, agricultural employments, indicators of quality in agriculture. In agreement with every provider of data, the ODR service unit puts at the disposal of users and researchers databases and indicators, which it produces and provides to a variety of projects. It has, in particular, participated in OSMOSE (monitoring of programmes of measures linked with the framework directive on water), in the analysis of the 20 EAFRD measures (NRN) and to the agro-pastoralism strategic study (SUACI, MCDR AgroPastoM). * As of 1st January 2020, Inra and Irstea have merged to become INRAE, the National Institute for Research into Agriculture, Food and the Environment.
Find out more: odr.inrae.fr Contact: [email protected]
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