BULLETIN HOT0IIICAL50CIETY MONTCOMERY COUNTY jrORR/STOWM

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PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY AT IT5 BUILDING 165* DEKALB STREET NORRISTOWN.PA.

FALL 1968 VOLUME XVI No. 3

PRICE $1.50 The Historical Society of Montgomery County

OFFICERS Hon. Alfred L. Taxis, President Robert B. Brunner, Esq., Vice President J. A. Peter Strassburger, Vice President Hon. Robert W. Honeyman, Vice President Howard W. Gross, Treasurer Eva G. Davis, Recording Secretary Mrs. Earl W. Johnson, Corresvonding Secretary Mrs. LeRoy Burris, Financial Secretary

TRUSTEES Herbert T. Ballard Merrill A. Bean KIrke Bryan, Esq. Norris D. Davis Mrs. Andrew Y. Drysdale Donald A. Gallager, Esq. Hon. David E. Groshens Howard W. Gross Kenneth H. Hallman Arthur H. Jenkins Ellwood 0. Parry, Jr. WiLLUM S. Pettit John F. Reed Hon. Alfred L. Taxis Mrs. Franklin B. Wildman •. iV. PMle, J.nVV, Sled. Seti H !•: X.'Ry M ELC H i 0 R M U H LKN B1-. UG> 'I THE BULLETIN of the HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY Published Semi-Annually — Spring and Fall

Volume XVI Fall, 1968 No. 3

CONTENTS

Editorials 187 The Trappe Neighbors of Henry Melchior Muhlenberg as Mentioned in His Journals, Vol. Ill, 1777-1787 Margaret Hooker Hoover 139 Traitors by Choice or Chance Ellwood C. Parry, Jr. 161 The Census of 1850, Montgomery County Edited by Jane K. Burris Horsham Township 188 Pottstown, Borough of 206 Worcester Township 230 Reports 250

John F. Reed, Editor

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE The Editor, Chairman Mrs. LeRoy Burris William T. Parsons Mrs. Earl W. Johnson Mrs. William H. Smith

Copyright, 1968, by The Historical Society of Montgomery County

185 EDITORIAL

The issue of the Bulletin is exceedingly pleasing to the Editor, though not because he flatters himself that he has done an especially good job on it. The pleasure lies in the fact that he has not had to obtrude an article of his own composition on our readers, an obtrusion heretofore made necessary by the lack of material submitted by other authors. The present issue is the first time this has occurred since his assuming the editorship. It has been rather embarrassing to him to have his name appear so often in these pages. Self-flattery is not his forte. The foregoing remarks are a prelude to a renewed appeal to our membership to submit material for the magazine, whether original or borrowed. Interesting old letters concern ing the County would be exceedingly suitable. Without such co-operation a magazine suffers, though the Editor certainly does not mean by this statement that the Bulletin's life is threatened. Nevertheless, help is sought. In closing this appeal the Editor wishes to thank sincerely those authors other than himself who have already submitted material. They are the staunch ones. John F. Reejd, Editor

1B7 The Pennsylvania Gazette 1728-1789

The Historical Society of Montgomery County wishes to announce that it has contracted to purchase a reprint edition of 25 volumes of the celebrated early newspaper, The Pennsylvania Gazette, 1728-1789. This hard-bound reproduction, in actual size, of 's Pennsylvania Gazette is completely legible, with cleaner pages and greater contrast between print and paper than the original. Another asset is, thanks to the page-size and style of binding, any volume can be read like a book far more easily than the original GAZETTE. Libraries and individual scholars welcome this edition. Its use will spare the original sheets in libraries fortunate enough to own a file, and every where it will release reading machines for other use.

For those of our friends and members who may wish to present a memorial gift to the society, these beautifully bound volumes with lettering in gold are an ideal form of expression. Anyone desiring to be represented in this manner is reminded that the value of a gift to an educational, non-profit organiza tion such as this society is a proper deduction for income tax purposes. At this vrnting, five volumes have already been subscribed to and we would welcome the receipt of others. An appropriate bookplate in each individual volume will give the details of the gift. The cost of an individual volume is $30.00, and we have 20 volumes to memoralize. Jane Keplinger Hubris

138 The Trappe Neighbors of Henry Melchior Muhlenberg as Mentioned in His Journals, Vol. Ill, 1777-1787 by Margaret Hooker Hoover Although Henry Melchior Muhlenberg kept his daily jour nals primarily as a report to the Lutheran Church authori ties, they are for all persons who are interested in the history of the Trappe region an unsurpassed source of news of the time. Trappe residents today can go back to those volumes and find their own family names and many other names very familiar to them. Some of the old families have drifted away and new ones have taken their places, but many of the names on the mail boxes of the neighborhood today are names Pastor Muhlenberg recorded during his life in Trappe. In reading his volumes one realizes what a center of com munity life and thought he provided at his home. He was sought out as a practical physician long after the "" remedies he had brought with him from Germany were ex hausted. He was an inborn teacher since, beside the lessons he gave in the catechism, he felt obliged to teach any ignorant person with whom he came in contact how to read and write. The serving girls coming to his household were given lessons if they lacked education. At times children were brought to board with his family for fees paid by their parents so that the children might be taught by him. On July 1, 1784, three years before his death, the Pastor wrote, "A German schoolmaster from Pottstown asked me to give him instructions in English in order that he may respond to the request of parents that their children be taught to read in English. I should like to do him this service if my strength allows me. I shall at all events try it." During the Revolutionary War years his house served as a

139 BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY hostelry and at times as a hospital. He wrote on January 2, 1777, "Had 30 souls in our 'hospital' overnight," and again in September of that year, "18 spent the night." In 1778 he wrote, "In peacetime, when one inn was more than enough, we used to have 8 large inns on the road in Providence; now at this time we have none." Hence soldiers, travellers, and friends stayed at his house. On March 3, 1780, there were "twenty-six stomachs and mouths" and "We now have in our hostelry four draught horses and two riding horses which belong to the g [eneral— Peter Muhlenberg, his son]; one horse, a cow, and two calves which belong to Mr. Swaine; and our two cows and one calf." He added, "The appendix contains twenty some chickens, three dogs, and two cats, which eat the crumbs which fall from the lord's table. The little household is crawling and teeming." Although at times when his grandchildren were visiting him Pastor Muhlenberg complained of their noisiness just as most grandparents do today, still we know he loved young people. He wrote on one occasion, "After the sermon I In structed the tender youth in the catechism; they delighted me with their good will, attentiveness & simplicity." (June 15, 1777.) Sometimes the minister was called upon to act as a lawyer to write a will or settle a dispute concerning property owner ship, or proper conduct. He gave advice to newcomers to the land which applies as well today as it did then. "Whoever wishes honestly and scantily to support himself and his family on this place must either work at some honest craft or must be able to live on interest. There are already more than enough shops and taverns." (February 12, 1785.) For his son, Fred erick, he wrote, "Anyone who wishes to support himself and his family in these times by keeping a store or shop either in this country or in town must have the eyes of a falcon, the alertness of a rooster, the fluency of a Jew, the patience of a TRAPPE NEIGHBORS OP HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG 141

mule, capital to invest, etc." Also he noted, "A Quaker once told me he had entered a business partnership in order that, if he lost anything:, he might at least blame his partner for it." The Schrack family was one of the outstanding families closely associated with the Muhlenbergs in Trappe during this period. A Jacob Schrack had built the house in which the minister lived. Bythe time of the Revolution there were many other Schracks in the neighborhood. Pastor Muhlenberg was often called upon by them for baptisms, marriages, funerals, visits to the sick, to write a letter to a family member in Ger many, or to write a necessary will. Their appreciation was shown to him by many homely gifts of fish, soup, or meal. There were among them Philip, a younger Jacob (always a Jacob), John, Christian, Abraham, David, Betty, Catherine, Christopher, and Eva Rosina. The Schrack men earned liveli hoods as cobbler, blacksmith, butcher, merchant, and tanner. They hauled hay and straw and carried messages for the pastor. The women helped to nurse "Mama" Muhlenberg when she had been severely burned. The minister admired this family andtheyhim. They supplied his firewood, wheat, buck wheat, nails, butter (2 lbs. for 19 dollars Continental), and meat, and did many necessary jobs for him. Christian Schrack was a tanner and, after butchering, the hides were turned over to him. Jacob was a cobbler who made and repaired shoes for "Mama" and the Muhlenbergs' young daughter Salome, as well as for the maid servants of the household. Widow Bradford, a sister of Christian and Jacob born in 1725, was a good member of the Augustus Lutheran Church where Pastor Muhlenberg preached. She had married an Englishman and was mentioned many times in the Journals. Her funeral was conducted by Pastor Muhlenberg on May 9, 1778. These Schracks were the children of Johann Jacob Schrack who had come to this country in 1717 and had es tablished a small shop andan inn in what later became Trappe. Johann Jacob had been influential in obtaining Lutheran min- 142 BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY isters froin Europe to come to this region, and Henry Muhlen- bergwas one ofthese. Unfortunately Johann Jacob died before his most famous candidate arrived from the old country. Another neighbor, Jacob Muller, was mentioned many times in the Journals because of his almost daily contacts with Pastor Muhlenberg. Jacob chopped wood, combed flax, and carted stone for Muhlenberg, and provided the pastor with oats, milk, and veal — and also borrowed money from him, which was promptly repaid. Muller also carried many mes sages for the minister. The Pastor in return conducted chris tenings, marriages, and funerals for the Mullers. Other mem bers of this family were Andreas, who came to the aid of the parsonage when the well chain broke, Heinrich, George, Isaac, David, Lorentz, John, Peter, Philip and their wives. The neighbors most often mentioned by the pastor were farmers, tradesmen, butchers, artisans, and messengers, all very necessary tohis household. Among these Abraham Merkle was a good friend of many years standing, who travelled and delivered many letters to and from Philadelphia, NewHanover, and other places. The minister noted, "Abraham Merkle and Heinrich Heilman each brought some meal as tokens of their old love." This was written in December, 1777. The Pastor also told of visits from his old friend, "the old patriarch Jacob Merkle," who often brought on his visits gifts of meal, flour, butter, rice, or soup. In returnthere were baptisms, marriages, and funerals conducted for the Merkles. When old Jacob Merkle died his grandson, Abraham, wrote of him, as recorded by Pastor Muhlenberg, "Our grandfather, Jacob Merkle, who died in the Lord, was born in Germany on the eleventh day of July in the year of our Lord 1701, the son of Abraham Merkle and his wife Veronica, and diedon August 29, 1784, at seven o'clock in the morning. Hence his full age was eighty-three years, one month, two weeks, andthree days. He entered into matrimony with Barbara Dotter on February 13, 1722, and with her brought into the world ten children. TRAPPE NEIGHBORS OF HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG. ]^43 four sons and six daughters. On July 24, 1738, his wife Ver onica died and he was married again to Barbara Rausch on July 29, 1739, by whom he had five daughters. Thus in both marriages he had four sons and eleven daughters, altogether fifteen children, of whom ten are still living, and during his lifetime had sixty-six grandchildren and also great grand children." (August 30, 1784.) Mr. Peterman (whose first name is believed to have been Jacob, but who was simply called Mr. Peterman in the Jour- nals) performed many services for the Muhlenbergs, He brought sugar for them when sugar was scarce because of the war, meat, fence posts, a pail for the well, and an appre ciated donation of soup. Mr. Paul Kugler (Cugler) was a mason who helped the Muhlenbergs by repairing the bake oven, the well masonry, the wall in the wash house, plastering around the stove to stop the smoke, and working on "the little house" that also be longed to the Muhlenbergs. At the request of "the General" (Peter Muhlenberg) he ripped down the porch, later to be rebuilt. The three cows of the parsonage were put in Mr. Kugler's field, and medicine was procured from the minister for Mr. Kugler's sick wife. Four dollars were returned after having been borrowed from the pastor. One small Kugler daughter was buried by the pastor, and one baptized. "Mr. Paul Kugler borrowed our small stove with four pieces of pipe," says the Journal. Michael Kugler brought a present of a new well bucket, and he was paid 20 dollars in Continental money for mending washtubs and kitchen pots. Neighbor Cullen and his family often visited the parsonage bringing gifts of coffee and sugar, and receiving in return a little medicine for the children. Mr. Cullen at one time was paid 20 dollars for a half pound of tallow for salve. He was occasionally a messenger for the Muhlenbergs to and from Philadelphia, or to Reading to Mrs. , Mrs. Muhlenberg's mother. ;L44 bulletin of historical society of MONTGOMERY COUNTY

Then there was the handyman, Mr. Bachman (Abraham), also a neighbor, who often received wages for day labor such as chopping wood (there were tons to be chopped), butchering a calf, delivering a message, digging in the garden, and mow ing hay and putting it in the bam. To quote from the Journals, "Bachman put in another day cutting wood on our place, furnishing his own board, making 3 s. 6 d. hard money."

There were other handymen: Mr. Davis, a smith, who hung doors; Mr. Rudolph, a dyer; Nicolaus Bauer, who worked on the Muhlenberg house doing masonry work as well as repairing and cleaning the stove pipe and oven; Valentin Scherer, a carpenter whose skills were needed about the house, and who with his wife brought gifts of turnips, milk, and firewood necessary for the parsonage. There were the Croesmans (Cressman, Kressman): Adam, who cut firewood and kept fences in repair, whose wife was a midwife, and who did spinning, and Daniel, a hatter, who lived for a time in the Muhlenberg cottage. The contract for this tenancy was written out by the Pastor:

"Henrich Muhlenberg, Sr., resident of New Providence Township, etc., rents to Mr. Daniel Cressman, hatter, the ad joining house, in which Mr. Cressman now lives, the black- smithes shop, space next to the blacksmith's shop for his cow, and also half of the vegetable garden on the road toward the southeast. For this the said Mr. Cressman obliges himself to cut and split for the said Henrich Muhlenberg as much wood as he needs for his household each year. Also to keep in lawful repair the fences around the seven acres of land, consisting of orchard and vegetable garden, on condition that Muhlenberg or his family shall furnish the firewood and the wood for the fences. And since Mr. Cressman uses a great deal of water in carrying on his trade, he shall pay one-half of the expense for well buckets, chains and ropes, and take care that no damage be done to the buildings by fire or to the fences by cattle. This contract takes effect from March 15, 1780, with the condition TRAPPE NEIGHBORS OF HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG ^^45

that it shall run by the year, and if one or the other party is no longer satisfied with the contract, the one party shall give notice to the other three months before the end of the year. All this we confirm with our signatures." (March 29,1780.) Although Peter is the one most frequently mentioned among the Becker family, there were also Jacob, Johannes, Daniel, and Frederick. At one time, in return for writing a certificate required by his son, Peter supplied Pastor Muhlenberg with 40 cucumbers. Either Peter or his wife sent a continuous supply of salt, meal, milk, tallow or wood to the Muhlenberg house hold — all very necessary items. Peter and his wife, formerly Maria Elizabeth Jungblut, had been born in Germany, he in 1719, she in 1720. They had been married there the year before coming to America in 1741, and had sixteen children. The many services rendered by Jacob Klein, another neigh bor, were appreciated by the Pastor. In January, 1779, he mentioned that Mr. Klein had brought firewood to the parson age four miles through deep snow. "The wagon had broken down on the way, and he had to borrow another wagon and reload it. He was wet through and through. Truly a precious gift of love!" During the war when food was very scarce, a cake, a bit of butter, a couple of fresh sausages, or a head of country lettuce brought by Jacob Klein helped to keep the Muhlenberg household running. At the same time these gifts helped Jacob to repay "Daddy" Muhlenberg for some of the medicine received from him. At one time, when crops were plentiful, the Klein harvest was stored in the minister's barn, and in turn flour, bran, hickory wood, rye, oats, and corn groats from Mr. Klein supplied the Muhlenberg family. He also worked as a day laborer for the Muhlenbergs. Once he provided them with an old ladder but refused to accept any thing for hauling it. Mutual love and respect were thus con stantly shown in the neighborhood. The Lower (Loewer) family — Philip, a weaver; Erasmus, a spinner; and Jacob — lived nearby, and various transactions 3^46 bulletin of historical society of MONTGOMERY COUNTY with them were mentioned in the Journals, The Setzlers, Fried- rich and his wife, brought meat, chickens, turnips, cabbages, corn, butter and firewood. Mr. Setzler also served as a driver and messenger for the Pastor. Philip Lower^s little son and the two Setzler children picked cherries for the minister, who gave the children five dollars Continental (July 1780.) There was a schoolmaster Lower mentioned. Mary Lower worked faithfully as a maid for the Muhlenbergs for several years. She eventually married Sam Bradford, and the couple moved into the Muhlenberg cottage where Sam, a shoemaker, sup plied shoes for the Muhlenberg family. Sam was also given many other jobs, since he lived close by and it was convenient to call on him. The Pastor wrote of this marriage, "In the evening I mar ried Samuel Bradford and our maid, Maria Lower. Since she has served us faithfully for over two years and conducted her self honestly, we promised her a wedding dinner, to which, however, more came than we expected, namely, (a) Jacob Schrack, his wife, son, and daughter, (b) the carpenter, his wife and child, (c) Christian Schrack's widow, her son, daugh ter-in-law, and child, (d) Philip Lower, his wife, son and step daughter, (e) Neighbor Riedt's son and daughter, (f) the bridegroom and bride, (g) Friedrich Muhlenberg, toastmaster, (h) Miss Marsteller, cook, (i) my wife. Waitress K., and I. Twenly-three stomachs. Stomachs swelled, minds slept, and tongues sang several stanzas of hymns. Paid 3 s. 9 d. to the cook. Tn the world there is no pleasure that rests the soul, etc.'" (May 13, 1783.) Mary's sister Margaretha sometimes also worked for the Muhlenbergs. She is recorded to have married Georg Moser. Tobias Pogner (and many other neighbors on occasion) pruned trees, while Conrad and Valentin Scherer were car penter and handyman respectively for the Pastor. Mr. David Davis, the blacksmith, was a neighbor who mended a wagon or made a hanger for the lock on the washhouse door, or sup- TBAPPE NEIGHBORS OP HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG ^47 plied nails, a hayfork, or bands and pulleys for the cellar door. The minister made a note, "Paid 20 dollars to Mr. Davis for fitting up a new well bucket. He would have preferred to accept 20 d. in silver if I could have given it to him." Mr. Davis was one of the Pastor's English neighbors who was definitely classified as such by . Others among the English neighbors were the Edward Lanes, with Eleanor and Hannah, and their relatives Thomas Church's family; the Evanses, Owen, Thomas and Benjamin; and the Beans. The Pastor, after some delay in the matter, baptized Thomas Evans, son of the late Justice Evans and sexton of the English church. The Journals say he was baptized in the English form even though "he was formerly given to strong drink." Several times Muhlenberg recorded giving money to Thomas Evans. Mr. Hall, who lived across the "Perkiome River" supplied the Pastor with hay. Andrew Todd lived nearer and at one time rented his house to a Widow Champney until she left for Jamaica to live with her parents. Andrew consulted Pastor Muhlenberg about Andrew's sick wife, and repaired the roof of the parsonage without accepting pay for his labor. Instead he accepted a dram of essentia dulcis for the sick Mrs. Todd and one shilling for his helper. Squire John Pawling, friendly especially with Peter Muhlenberg, was another English neigh bor, and a member of the Episcopal congregation, who came to Henry Muhlenberg for baptisms and burials since the Eng lish church was often without a rector. Widow Robinson, also from across the Perkiomen, was visited by the Trappe minis ter who wrote of her as "a poor sick English widow 75 years old abed with hectic fever." There was Thomas Badman too, sometimes recorded as our "poor English neighbor," who did whitewashing and butcher ing, and who mended kitchen utensils. "Mama had loaned him £ 40 currency, so he bought three deeds to his place" — no doubt to secure the loan. J48 bulletin of historical society of MONTGOMERY COUNTY

The Diehls (Diel, Deal) were an interesting early family of the Providence region. Old Weygand Diehl came to this country in 1727 from Hesse-Darmstadt in Germany, where he had been born in 1682. He had married shortly before com ing to America, and he lost a daughter on the trip coming over. His first wife did not live long after arriving here and he married for the second time Eva Apollonia Horstenhofer, who lived to be 78 years old, and by whom he had five children. Weygand was a devout Lutheran, and continued opposition to his church in his native land had caused him, with others of his time, to seek religious freedom in a new country. Father Muhlenberg wrote that old Mr. Diehl never missed services and was made a deacon of the Providence church. Weygand lived to be nearly 96. His family followed in his footsteps in the Augustus Church neighborhood. Georg too became an elder of the congregation. He as well as other members of his family are noted as bringing to the parsonage linen, cotton, vinegar, buckwheat, Indian corn on the cob, soup, butter, wine, and firewood. When "Mama" was badly burned, Mrs. Diehl was one of the faithful neighbors who helped Mary (Mrs. Swaine) take care of her mother. When, in 1783, Georg Diehl and his family moved to Mary land there were various real estate transactions as well as many other services to be paid for. The minister reported that in settling Georg's account "I had lent him 11 Spanish and 2 French dollars and he carted wood and plowed for me and gave me back 17 s. 8 d.; so now it is settled." (Oct. 23, 1783.) Among neighbors mentioned in the Journals were Mr. Pechtel, who was paid for running errands, supplying milk pots, and giving veal and a cow, and Martin Blokle, who was called "poor old Blbckle" and his wife "poor Mrs. Blokle" in the Journals. They lived for a time in the Muhlenberg cottage, and Blokle split firewood and even on occasion loaned money to the Pastor. John Klages and Friedrich Paul were hired to make repairs on the fences and the house. Felix Leh plowed, TRAPPE NEIGHBORS OF HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG 5^49

cut oats, and hauled supplies. Even though a "Reformed man" Leh brought his children to the Lutheran minister to be bap tized. John Reidt (also Riedt, Ried, Reed, Rieth) was another Reformed neighbor frequently mentioned. At one time he kept an inn and stable where visitors to the Muhlenbergs occasion ally kept their horses. His wagon often transported members of the Muhlenberg family and their possessions. He supplied firewood, hauled hay, did butchering, and provided necessary items from butter to bricks. After apparently having been dispossessed from his home by a sheriffs sale (vendue) his wife, "poor Mrs. Reidt," set out on a journey with her small children to "Friedrichstown", Md. Other members of the Reformed Church were neighbor Doll and his family. Johannes and Elizabeth Doll were the parents of Hanna, who was baptized by the Pastor. They sold meal to him and secured medicine from him. Caspar Doll sent soup and meat to the parsonage. Anna Barbara (b. 1701) and Priedrich Marsteller came to this country from Hesse-Darmstadt in 1729. Friedrich, a co-founder, deacon and elder of the Providence Church, had died in 1753. Anna Barbara lived until 1780. When she died her funeral was conducted by Pastor Muhlenberg, who wrote in hisJourml praising her as having been a good wife, mother, and grandmother, and a benefactress of the poor and needy. There were many other Marstellers: Abraham, Catherine, Daniel, Elizabeth, George, Heinrich, Isaac, Johan Peter, Mar- garetha Mary, Nicolaus, Philip, and Susanna, whose baptisms, marriages and funerals were held by the Augustus pastor whose Halle medicines had kept them well. The name Rayer (later to become Royer) appears in the Journals. Carl Rayer was the oldest settler of this family, having been bom in Heilbronn, Wurttemberg, Germany in 1713. After coming to this country he married Maria Eliza beth Giigler in 1734. He had lived in New Hanover before J5Q BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY moving to Providence, where he became an elder in the Luther an Church. His widow was often mentioned as a visitor to the Muhlenberg home. She too had been born In Germany, in 1711. The Payers had six children, two sons being alive at the time of Mrs. Payer's death on March 26, 1785. She had been a faithful church member and had been noted as an ex perienced midwife in the surrounding region. John Payer brought firewood to the parsonage, and supplied wheat, buck wheat, "maize" and meal pudding — all homely necessities. Friedrich Sauer (Saur, Sower) was an elder and trustee of the Providence congregation. He often brought meal and fish to the minister, especially the first shad of the spring which he caught in the Schuylkill River, and which was evi dently appreciated as much then as it is enjoyed today. The Pastor wrote that he was called upon by Friedrich to write a letter to the latter's brother, Conrad, in Germany, The writer was paid with two loads of firewood. Friedrich sometimes sent the Pastor hay, soup, wheat, veal, or other meat. The Pastor visited Friedrich when he was very sick, and Friedrich returned the call when "Mama" was severely burned. Chris topher Sauer is also mentioned in the Journals, and also his son who married Maria Sahler. Among the Sahlers (Saehler, Sayler, Sailer) at that time were an Abraham Sahler who supplied the minister's family with cheese and butter (in 1777, 35 younds of butter at one time.) The Pastor rode to see Abraham when the latter was ill and dying. He was described as being an elder of the Re formed congregation, a good neighbor, and a well-to-do and honored citizen. "I visited him," the Pastor wrote, "several times during his illness upon request and had pleasure in his conversation and prayers, in so far as his weakness would permit." (April 12, 1778.) After her husband's death the widow Sahler often visited the Muhlenbergs. Isaac Sahler and his wife continued to provide the Pastor with butter. Barbara Sahler, sister of Maria, was married to Wilhelm Schafer of Plymouth Township in 1784. These two TRAPPE NEIGHBORS OF HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG young women, as well as their brother and sister Peter and Elizabeth, were the children of Valentin Sahler. Another of his daughters was married to Adam Protzman, who was men tioned many times by the Pastor. He was a deacon of the Lutheran Church and a trustee of the cemetery. He was often a visitor at the Muhlenberg house, sometimes bringing fire wood and carrjdng messages. His son Adam married Hanna Ouster. Nicolaus Custer, during the period of the Revolution, was an old friend of the Pastor's who had been baptized and con firmed by him many years before. Custer was an elder and deacon of the church, and a very helpful and faithful friend throughout the years. In the 1780's Nicolaus became very ill with dropsy and was bedridden for a long time. The minister, himself feeble and ill, paid visits to the sick man and gave him and his wife communion in their home. Several times the sick man and the Pastor said farewell to each other, expecting never to see each other again in this life, and finally in Decem ber 1784, Nicolaus died. After his death his widow continued the friendship with the Pastor, and her visits and gifts to the minister and his wife were greatly appreciated. Other Custer children and grandchildren are mentioned in the Journals, among them Arnold, Emanuel, Herman, Johannes, Martha, Molly, Paul, Peter, Rebecca, Samuel, and Sara. Georg Essig, recorded as being the oldest member of the Providence congregation, is first mentioned as being paid for a rake and a broom, and then a new spinning wheel. He brought to the parsonage meat, sausage, and chairs his son had caned. His wife, who had been bom in Germany, died in 1780 and left him with nine children, mostly small. There were visits and gifts from Georg until he died in 1782. A son, also Georg, continued his father's friendly relations with the Muhlenbergs, and his gifts of soup were recorded as well as his later marriage by the Pastor. Other Essig children and grand children were mentioned as their christenings and marriages occurred. 3^52 bulletin of historical society of MONTGOMERY COUNTY

Then there was the Baier family (Bayer, Beyer). Conrad Baier, an elder of the church, brought presents of buckwheat, wheat, rye, a scythe, and once a "Lotterie ticket No. 5 in 834, Class the fourth, Nov. 18, 1776." (Editor's note: the United States Lottery issued by Congress to finance the Revolution; it was not a success, and the practice was discontinued.) Young Isaac, Conrad's son, boarded with the Muhlenbergs for some time, and his father sent meal, buckwheat and other neces saries to pay for his son's board. At one time the Pastor gave Mr. Conrad Baier and his wife stomach powder, and Valentin Baier sent wheat on account after the minister visited his sick wife. Heinrich Baier sent hickory wood, a bushel of wheat, and soup, which gifts the Pastor called "Noble and precious gifts in these times." He in turn was asked advice for the sick and to officiate at the burial of a daughter. The Eschenfelders lived in the neighborhood and, though recorded as being members of the Reformed Church, seemed to be good friends of the Pastor and his family. There were Eschenfelder baptisms and burials conducted by the Lutheran minister and there were gifts of soup and pieces of veal and Iamb in return for medicine. "Johannes Eschenfelder, who lives with the Schuncks, borrowed 13 Spanish dollars from Mama," the Pastor reported in November 1781, and in Janu ary 1782, "Johannes Eschenfelder repaid 4 dollars we had lent him," possibly an equal return because of the varying values of different dollars. The Schuncks (Schunk) above mentioned were no doubt the family of Christian Schunck, who was a sawyer, but whose family was mentioned mostly because of its neighborly associ ations with the Muhlenbergs. "Mr. Schunck's wife, nee Gute, brought meal pudding" (1781), and later procured some medi cine for her children. She visited again "with some treats for the kitchen in exchange for medicine." Jacob Remby (Ramby) is mentioned when he was married by the Pastor to Catherine Harple, who was afterward bap- TRAPPE NEIGHBORS OF HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG ^^53

tized and given instructions by the minister for joining the church. Jacob was evidently a weaver since he is recorded as having woven "9 yards of rough linen" for the Muhlenbergs, and was paid also for making a new pair of trowsers. With this family too there were the usual exchanges of goods, such as eggs and butter, for needed medicine. The van der Sluice name evolved during the period from 1777 to 1783 to become Vanderslice, as we know it today. Anthon van der Sluice was paid 10 s. 6 d. for seven pounds of butter by the Pastor on May 10,1777. At another time Anthon brought a bushel of buckwheat in exchange for a laxative for his wife, and on another occasion was paid for four bushels of buckwheat. iFamily marriages were noted in the Journals: Cadwallader Jones and Maria van der Sluice, daughter of Reinhard, were married on March 16, 1777, and in January, 1784, Deborah and John Vanderslice, cousins, were married. The Pennebeckers, although they lived on the Skippack Creek two and a half miles away, seemed to be friendly with the Pastor. Heinrich Pennebecker was loaned "the first part of TissoPs English book of medicine." There were marriages of this family recorded, as well as visits for medicine. Lumber and hay were brought to the Muhlenbergs from Mr. Penne becker or his son. Leonhard Sperr (Spare), "a Reformed man," lived five miles away and at one time he brought some corn and buck wheat flour in a small sack as a present — "Gifts of love are to be valued more by reason of quality rather than quantity." At another time more gifts of "fish and a little flour for bread," as well as some honey, were brought by this "Reformed man." Johann Philip Sperr was baptized at the Reformed Church by Pastor Muhlenberg, and later Daniel, son of Philip Sperr, was married by the Pastor to Rosina Bayer. The Rambos are described as Swedish neighbors. Mr. Rambo, a mason, built a drain from the wash shed and re- 154 BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY ceived in'return '^medicine or domestic remedies." There were Moses Rambo and his wife Margreth, whose children were Gunner, Susanna and Isaiah. Aaron Rambo brought his Eng lish wife to be baptized (after due questioning by the minis ter.) Great-grand Mistress Rambo came to the Pastor to be advised "how she might be saved." Formerly an Episcopalian, she received instruction from Pastor Muhlenberg and was made a member of his church. Lud(e)wig Herpel was another neighbor who visited and brought gifts of straw, buckwheat, cornmeal, turnips, or a piece of pork. There was also John Herpel, who was a shoe maker, and "Old Peter" Herpel, the Pastor noted, "complained to me concerning family troubles." Another shoemaker, a Mr. Bart(h)ol (Bairdle, Bardie), with a wife and one child, moved into the Muhlenberg cottage on August 3, 1778, and stayed until April 1779. He is men tioned as having brought from Philadelphia a newspaper "containing the speeches pro and con, delivered in Parliament regarding the war in America, etc." Concerning Mr. Bardie, it was reported for January 20, 1779, "Settled accounts with my neighbor, the shoemaker Bardie. I had lent him £ 12 6 s. 6d. and Mr. Swain's old boots, £2- 5 s. Total £ 14 11 s. 6 d. I owed him (a) £ 8 for Mr. Swain's boots, (b) £ 2 5s. for Sally's shoes, (c) £ 117s. 6 d. for Mama's slippers, a total of £12 2s. 6d. So Mr. Bardtle owed me £ 2 9 s. I allowed him the 9 s. for setting up the stove, so he still owes me £ 2." Again on February 19 the Pastor recorded, "Spoke with Shoemaker Bardie and told him he must look around for an other dwelling because his time would be up next April and I must have somebody who could repair the fences, etc. He still owed me £ 2, which I was to collect from the maid, Susanna Klein. And because he has been splitting wood for cooking, bak ing, washing, and heating since he has been here, this would be accepted in lieu of the £ 8 house rent. He was well satis fied with this. On account of the hundred pounds of flour which he borrowed from us, he has already made a pair of TRAPPE NEIGHBORS OF HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG ^^55

shoes for my daughter Salome which cost several pounds." On August 5, 1779, Shoemaker Bardie moved to Philadelphia. Nicolaus Busch (Bush) and his wife Anna Maria had come to this country from the Palatinate. Anna Maria had been born in 1739, and in February 1777 she died of "malignant fever" and was buried by Pastor Muhlenberg. There were records of numerous other burials, baptisms and marriages for this family. At one time spun thread was brought to the Muhlenberg household by Nicholaus Busch's daughter and was paid for "in full with seven pounds of sugar and a quar ter-pound of tea. The sugar and tea had been presented to us for refreshment of the stomach, but thread for linen cloth is more necessary for covering the outward nakedness of the body, and one can get hardly any more with the current paper money." (March 23, 1780.) Fourteen-year-old Hanna Busch had been brought to live with the Muhlenbergs for a time while she was to receive in struction, particularly in spelling, but in a very short time her father "fetched" her home because she was homesick. At another time Nicholaus was disturbed at receiving a letter from a daughter living away from home who told her father she had been re-baptized into the Mennonite faith. The Pastor's help was sought for an answer to this letter. A distressing circumstance — but the kindly minister obliged his old friend. There were Heinrich Preiser and Andreas Heiser (Hesser), also neighbors. Heinrich chopped wood and supplied lime for the Muhlenbergs, and worked on the grounds. The Heiser children were baptized, instructed and married by the Pastor. They in turn furnished him with meal, buckwheat, wheat flour, bran and meal pudding, and received medicine and advice from him. There are accounts of eggs sent by Dorothea, wife of Bene dict Grerber — eleven eggs in fact. "Mama" then sent Mr. Ger- ber a pound of coffee. Later the Gerbers sold 23 eggs to Mrs. Muhlenberg for 1 s. 6 d., and Mr. Gerber sent her flour made 156 BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY from two bushels of buckwheat. He also ''brought some com- meal, which we eat evenings as a porridge in place of the tea or coffee which we used to drink when prices were not so high." Benedict Gerber also sent veal and soup. Reinman (Reiman, Reimer) was a miller who was paid for hauling grain to the mill and bringing back flour and grits. Ludewig Ehwald (Ewald), another neighbor, and Mrs. Eh- wald were frequent visitors at the Muhlenberg house, some times bringing a gift of soup. Old Widow Ehwald, like so many- others in the locality, had been born in the Palatinate, in 1693, and had come to America in 1738. She lived to be 91 years of age and is recorded as having had eight children. There were Christmans with children to be baptized, and a Samuel Rositer and a Shafer daughter to be married. There were also recorded marriages of Catherine Horning to Conrad Fil(l)man, and Jinny Richards to George Young. There were Widow Jacobs, with sons Samuel and John, and Heinrich Prey's son, Johannes, who split wood and whose infant daugh ter was the last child baptized by the Pastor before his death. The following familiar names also appear in the Journals, though mentioned less frequently than those above: Cassel- berg, Moses Hobson (a surveyor), Reinhard (the miller), Buchwalter, Squire de Weese, Gabel (who brought flour), Hetzer (who brought hay), Kaster, Frieber, Schultz (a joiner who was paid for boards), Fabinger, Mr. Hahn (who brought beef), Hugh Hamilton (the tax collector), Mrs. Hepler (who nursed "Mama"), Philip Schwarm, Hanna (who was given instruction) and Johann de Hofen (whose wife was buried by the Pastor.) Other neighbors less often mentioned were Mr. Bierman, who plowed and brought lamb, and whose wife nursed "Mama" when she had been badly burned; and Heinrich Metz- ger, who was a woodcutter employed by the minister, and who became General Peter Muhlenberg's servant in Pennsylvania and . He drove the stage from Pottsgrove to Virginia TEAPPE NEIGHBORS OF HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG I57

to take Peter and his family to their new home in Woodstock, where the General's family continued to live during the war. Heinrich, however, is said to have come back home to Penn sylvania, having run away from Virginia to escape being pressed into the military service. Neighbor Langendorf was an innkeeper to whose sick mother the Pastor administered Holy Communion, and whose appreciation was shown by his gift of five bushels of wheat to the Pastor. Another neighbor, Nicolaus Schneider is mentioned in the Journals as acting as a messenger, and who sent wood to the Muhlenbergs. There was also Neighbor Cruther who ran a store. For August 12, 1786, it is recorded, "During the night a thief broke into our English neighbor Cruther's store and stole some things in spite of the fact that the storekeeper was sleeping in the store. A thief also stole a mare from Friedrich Augustus Muhlenberg [the Pastor's son] but the mare returned home today from beyond the Perkiomen. The worst vices are on the increase." Later, on October 12: "The thief who robbed our Neighbor Cruther's store was sentenced to death. But he was given a choice between hanging according to the old law and pushing a barrow according to the new law. He chose the latter." Among the neighbors named Brooks or Brooke were George, Jonathan, and Owen who supplied the Pastor with wood. Neighbor L. Hapert sent buckwheat and straw in return for medicinefor his wife. Many either supplied goods, hauled, or split wood for the Pastor's household, among them Tobias Zinck, Friedrich Stahl, who was also paid for hatcheling hemp, Hartman Hasenmeier and his son. Mr. Haas brought 12 pounds of butter, and at another time, "Hartman Haas sent us a present of fish that weighed almost three pounds. All these are examples of God's providence in little things." Jacob Lehman's wife brought wool in exchange for medi cine. Mr. Geissler brought Indian corn as a present, and at another time Granny Geissler brought a basket of roses — mentioned in a simple statement in the Journals presenting a ]^58 BULLETIN OP HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY gentle picture of appreciation. Widow Zimmerman occasion ally helped at the parsonage by working in the garden. The Pastor also recorded, "Caspar Rahn brought us a present of the first shead fish that had been caught." Rahn also brought veal in return for medicine, and at another time a piece of beef in gratitude for home medicine that had done him good. He was also paid for buckwheat delivered to the house. Caspar Rahn, however, was most often mentioned for the weaving he did for the Muhlenberg family. "Mama" sent her yam to him, and once "our girls took fifteen and a half pounds of hempen yarn and eleven and a half pounds of hempen twine to Mr. Rahn for weaving ... Caspar Rahn brought eighteen yards of linen which he had woven for us; at 1 dollar per yard, 18 dollars."

Mr. Leber also was a weaver who made the Muhlenbergs some neckerchiefs and wove 22 3^ds of tow (coarse) cloth. At another time he was paid for 8 yards of coarse linen and again for 5^ yards of sackcloth. His daughter Margretha worked in the Muhlenberg garden and made hay when needed. Mr. Carl Rieser, who was a deacon of the Trappe Church, came to the minister for medicine, and at another time to borrow some money. There was a Jacob Rieser also. Carl called upon Pastor Muhlenberg to bury his mother-in-law, Anna Bar bara Jung, who had been one of the early settlers coming from the Palatinate to this region. She had married Wendel Jung, and they had had 12 children. One of the Jung family hauled firewood and brought chicken and meat to the parson age. Other names of this period were Burghard, Iset, Schuck, Fuchs, Horn, Jacobs, Rose, Rothenwalter, Preiss, Clymer, Wagenseil, Schup(p), Weyman, Schlotter(er) and Glo(e)ck- ner.

From the activity recorded among the people of the TRAPPE NEIGHBORS OF HENRY MELCHIOR MUHLENBERG ^59

Trappe region during this period from 1777 to 1787 it might seem that the community was larger than it is today. Perhaps this is because the dwellers in the farms and homes spread over the surrounding countryside regarded the Augustus Church and its pastor as the center of their lives; and the happiness, sorrows, and trials of pioneering and war, of births, marriages, and deaths drew those settlers together with common concerns.

There were epidemics of typhoid fever (nervous fever), especially during the winter of '77 and '78. There were "rob bery and stealing going on at nights" along the road from Philadelphia to Providence which was open to British hussars. There were many travellers who needed lodging and who were never turned away when the parsonage could hold them even though at one time it was said that "One of them took some thing along." Much medical advice and many medicines were supplied by Pastor Muhlenberg, and when "Mama" was seri ously burned the women of the community — "Misses" Muller, Setzler, Peterman, Marsteller, Diehl, Hesser and Widow Schrack — took turns sitting with her, and many pots of soup were brought for her family.

Some of the day-to-day details recorded in the Journals may seem trivial to the modern reader, but it is difficult in the present day to realize how involved it often was in those early days to obtain even the simplest necessities of life. Stores and markets at their best were far different from those we know today, and war conditions made everything even scarcer than usual. At the same time there was ever the obligation of the Parson to look after travellers, visitors, and neighbors as well as his own family. It was no wonder that a pound of sugar, a few candles or a small piece of meat assumed such great importance to him, and perhaps because of that impor tance we in our day know many more of the details of daily living in Trappe during those early years than we would other wise know. 100 BULLETIN OP HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY

SURNAMES MENTIONED IN THE FOREGOING ARTICLE (in the order of their appearance) (1) (2) (3) (4) Schradc Robinson Preiser Cruther Muller Horstenhofer Heiser Brooks Merkle Diehl Gerber Hapert Heilman Pechtel Reinman Zinck Rausch Reid (Reidt) Ehwald Stahl Peterman Marsteller Christman Jung Kugler Rayer Rositer Hasenmeier Cullen Sauer Horning Haas Bachman Blokle Pil (l)man Lehman Badman Klages Young Geissler Klein Paul Richards Zimmerman Rudolph Leh Jacobs Rahn Croesman Doll Frey Leber Scherer Gugler Casselberg Rieser Bauer Sahler Hobson Burghard Becker Schafer de Weese Iset Lauck Protzman Gabel Schuck Jungblut Essig Hetzer Fuchs Lower Baier Raster Horn Setzler Custer Frieber Jacobs Bradford Eschenfelder Schultz Rose Moser Schunck Pabinger Rothenwalter Pogner Remby Hahn Preiss Davis Van der Sluice Hamilton Clymer Lane Harple (Herple) Hepler Wagenseil Church Jones Schwarm Schup(p) Evans Pennebecker de Hofen Weyman Hall Rambo Bierman Schlatter(er) Bean Sperr Metzger Glo (e) ckner Todd Bardie Langendorf Pawling Busch Schneider Traitors by Choice or Chance By Elwood C. Parry, Jr. (Expanded from an address before the Historical Society of Montgomery County, November 18,1967.) Rich man, poor man, beggarman, thief; doctor, lawyer — all were included on our area's Black List of traitors during the Revolution. There was no Montgomery County when the fortunes of war ebbed and flowed over our lovely hills in 1777-78, forming little pockets of treachery, or enclaves of Toryism which went beyond mere sympathy with the British into active spying and fighting for them. What became the County counted approxi mately four dozen traitors among its inhabitants or property holders, almost all of them in the eastern townships, with a greater concentration in the upper tier — Moreland, Horsham, and Hatfield — than in the townships contiguous with the present city. What kind of men were these, attainted for going over to the enemy, and where was the fine line drawn between Torjdsm and treason? The war was well along before the word treason was used officially. Until late 1777 those who did not agree with the measures of the were called "disaffected" and their support of the British was labeled "inimical to the cause of freedom." The Philadelphia Committee for Tarring and Feathering was formed in 1774 to oppose taxes on tea. Its activities gained momentum as it dispensed its brand of mob justice to crown officers and others conspicuous in the service of Britain. Sticks and stones began to break Tory bones, while name-call ing reached new heights of vituperation. Many attempts have been made by historians to identify the factors responsible for dividing the colonists into Whigs and Tories in this, America's first civil war. No matter how

161 BULLETIN OP HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY discerning those criteria are, however, they do not seem to fit the extremists who became traitors by choice or chance. The chance of birth, for example, included Quakers who, by op posing war of any kind, were caught in the cross-fire of the fighting around them, and conservatives of all classes who preferred the comfortable old ways to the unaccustomed new. The chance of occupation foreordained the decision of crown officers and other employees of the British government, and of merchants who traded with and her other colonies. Geography, however, played a major role in determining the kind of treachery which would incur the wrath of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, culminating in hangings and confiscation of estates. The greater the distance from the city of Philadelphia, the greater the crime seemingly had to be to be called treason. As early as the summer of 1775 it was enough, in the city itself, for a man to sing "God Save the King," or drink a toast to His Majesty, to find himself locked up as a dangerous person. No one seemed to know what to do with such prisoners, however, or even what to charge them with. It was more a case of persecution than of prosecu tion, entirely at the local level. Even as late as January 2, 1776, the Continental Congress was not too concerned about the Loyalists. It urged the Committee of Safety "to treat all such persons with kindness and attention; to consider them as inhabitants of a country determined to be free, and to view their errors as proceeding from want of information rather than want of virtue or public spirit." Gradually, however, the machinery for restraining the disaffected was refined. At a meeting in November 1776 at the Indian Queen, in Fourth Street, 72 "respectable citizens" agreed to collect the names "of such persons who are suspected as Tories and unfriendly to the cause of America." Early in 1777 the government of Pennsylvania became fully organized, and an act was passed which provided that all male inhabitants over age 18 should take an oath of allegiance to the Commonwealth, yet even then there were no stiff penal- TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANGE ][g3

ties imposed for failure to take the oath. About the worst a man could expect was confiscation of any weapons he might have in his home. Meanwhile, many of the Tories then in jail were released when they took the oath of allegiance.

By the end of July of '77, however, Congress was alarmed by the amount of intelligence the British forces were receiving from Philadelphia, and recommended to the Supreme Execu tive Council that immediate steps be taken to "make prisoners such of the late crown and proprietary officers and other persons in and near this city as are disaffected or may be dan gerous to the publick liberty, and send them back into the country, there to be confined or enlarged upon parole as their characters and behaviour may require." A month later Congress named 11 Philadelphians it wanted arrested, and asked the Council to add more names to the list of "persons who have in their General conduct and conversa tion evidenced a disposition inimical to the Cause of America." Council obliged with 30 more suspects. Some of these were released on parole; most, however, refused to take the oath of allegiance. Almost all Quakers, they became the so-called "Virginia Exiles" — without being called traitors. In two ways their banishment was fortunate for them: by being away from the city while the British occupied it they had no further opportunity to aid and abet the enemy, and because of the hardships they suffered during the year of exile their enthu siasm for the Tory cause was considerably dampened. As a result, with two or three exceptions, these early suspects es caped the penalties of attainder. Outside the city, on the other hand, there was little official note of disaffection until the fall of 1777 when the British took possession of Philadelphia. Then inhabitants of the out lying townships and boroughs began to trade with the enemy for "hard money," to spy for them, and to guide their scouting parties on forays against Continental outposts and supply trains. The sons of substantial farmers found excitement and 104 bulletin of HBTOEIOAL society of MONTGOMERY COUNTY profit in carrying produce to Howe's army, at the same time avoiding militia duty. It was easy for them then to succumb to the further temptation of joining the Queen's Rangers, or the First Battalion of Pennsylvania Loyalists, which promised to reward "All intrepid Abie-Bodied Heroes ... with 50 Acres of Land, where every gallant Hero may retire and enjoy his Bottle and Lass," at the end of the war. On October 18,1777, the Board of War reported to Thomas Wharton, Jr., president of the Supreme Executive Council, that "a great number of the Inhabitants of the County of Ches ter conveyed Intelligence, & supplied Provisions to the enemy during their Progress thro' that County, & without such as sistance their attempts upon Philadelphia would in all Proba bility not have succeeded. These Persons can be considered in no other Light than as Traitors to this State, & avowed ene mies to the United States .,." The Board recommended taking from them their "Cloathing & Provisions, & of the former particularly Shoes, Stockings, & Blanketts," for use by Con tinental troops. On October 30, provoked by outrages in our future county. (later General) Joseph Reed wrote to Wharton from James Morris' "Dawesfield:" Sir: — The seizure of the estates of those who join the enemy is highly necessary and I think it should extend to those who voluntarily serve them as spies, guides, pilots, or execute other offices under them. The burning of houses [of those] who act vigorously in the militia, receive stores, etc., is attended with the most ruinous consequences and ought to be prevented by all possible means. I have mentioned it here [Dawesfield], but amidst other business it has not been sufficiently attended to. It appears to me an indispensable duty of the board at which you preside to protect as much as possible those who are employed in your service. Accordingly, when Congress "earnestly recommended to the several states, as soon as may be, to confiscate and make TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE ^65

use of all the real and personal property therein, of such of their inhabitants and other persons who have forfeited the same," Pennsylvania's General Assembly, sitting" in Lancaster, proclaimed "the public are hereby advertised that the real estates of late members of the 13 U.C. [United Colonies] and others, situate, lying & being -within divers Counties of thia state, forfeited to the use of the Commonwealth, by the at tainder of the said persons & every of them for high treason, will be speedily sold by public auction or vendue to the best & highest bidders .. It was not until the spring of 1778, when the British were preparing to evacuate Philadelphia, that any concerted attempt was made to enforce these laws. On May 8 came the first proclamation of attainder issued by the Supreme Executive Council "against certain named persons adjudged guilty of high treason" for having "severally adhered to &knowingly & willingly aided & assisted the Enemies of this State & of "the United States of America, by having joined their Armies at Philadelphia, in the County of Philadelphia, within this State." The accused were given until Thursday, June 25, to surrender themselves for trial or stand attainted of High Trea son. Some of those accused in the proclamation, and the several others which followed, did surrender and were tried. Thomas McKean, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and, in 1778, Chief Justice of Pennsylvania, presided at 16 trials between September and December. Two of those convicted were hanged; some called it "an example," others, "judicial murder." Most of the accused, however, were or had been active either in the British armies or in the semi-political administra tion during the British occupation of Philadelphia. For them the choice of accompanying the British Retreat to New York was considerably less anguish than that of the civilian Tories who did not knowwhat to expect and stood to loseeither way. Only in flight lay any hope of safety for the traitors and their families as the British evacuated the city. Confiscation of their ;[gg BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY property was a lesser loss than life, and they were, if not completely confident, at least hopeful they would one day return in triumph to recoup their losses. In the entire state there were approximately 500 persons attainted. The Black List contains 491 names, of whom 81 were discharged, 14 tried and acquitted, three pardoned, and two died. The word approximately must be used in all tabulations, even in Montgomery County's list, because of many inaccura cies — duplications, omissions, and variant name spellings in the Colonial records. Of the 49 attainted persons associated with what became our county, one or two were tried, con victed, and hanged. Thirteen were exonerated in one way or another, while one forlorn soul elected to remain on his con fiscated property and pay rent for the privilege. Most of them, however, followed the British to New York, a dozen settling in Canada after the war. The rest disappeared from view. Not one displayed any conspicuous heroism, although one of the hanged mounted the scaffold with dignity and courage. More traitors came from the ranks of yeomen, husbandmen, or farmers (which are approximately synonymous) than from any other occupation. There were 13 of these. Laborers ac counted for nine; blacksmiths, five; millers, four; merchants and traders, three; carpenters, two; with one each from a variety of other callings: judge, practitioner in Physick, Gen tleman, Major Commissary of Prisoners, carter and baker, surveyor, tailor, wheelwright, mason, tanner, limebumer and cordwainer. It was a veritable cross-section of Colonial society. Although not a resident of our county-to-be, Alexander Bartram appropriately leads the list. As a Philadelphia trader in china and glassware, with home and shop in Market Street near the Indian King, he had extensive land holdings also in Bucks, Chester, Northampton, and Northumberland Counties. Among his properties was a farm of approximately 55 acres adjoining land of Richard Mather on Washington Lane in Cheltenham Township. In the spring of 1775 Bartram met regularly with a group TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE ^07 of Englishmen who "wished and drank success to the British arms." According to Isaac Atwood, a comb maker, Bartram was "very much against the [Continental] cause. He proposed making collections for the prisoners in gaol for their support and said ... that we might fall upon some way to get money to them with as much secresy as possible .. The group, which called itself The Association, was headed by Dr. John Kearsley. It proposed taking up arms, and felt confident it could enlist 3,000 men of similar sentiments "within three miles of the Court House." Bartram apparently had a network of correspondents. Atwood told how he "gets intelligence very early. I have heard him communicate it the evening before expresses arrived with it." Association plans never materialized. By late summer, 1775, some of the group had been arrested. Samuel Morris, writing to his brother, Cadwalader, on September 7, noted: ". .. the City was yesterday amused with Isaac Hunt and Doc tor Kearsly Paradded in a Cart through all the streets to their great Mortification and unpitied by every person who saw them — their Crimes were speaking disrespectfully of the present Measures — the Doctor made some resistance and was wounded in the hand with a Bayonet — People are ripe for everything — great confusion must of course follow." Bartram seems to have avoided, temporarily, the wrath of his neighbors, but when the British occupied Philadelphia he joined them actively. William Moore, who later became Presi dent of Pennsylvania after serving on the Committee of Safety and the Board of War, made claim against the confiscated es tate of Bartram for £ 81, 10 sh. for "a most elegant Fusee for which I have been frequently offered £20, another Fusee be longing to my son, and three Knapsacks ... The above Articles were taken forcibly by Arms, out of my House by the said Bartram .. ." When the British left the city, Bartram accompanied them. His wife, Jane, stayed in Philadelphia and apparently became part of his communications network. In exasperation, the 16g BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY

Council, on July 16, 1780, adopted a resolution ordering the sheriff to apprehend and deliver her to the keeper of the work house, there to remain until she gives "security to leave this State forthwith, and not to return again." Although his name was listed on the proclamation of May 8, 1778, and many of his properties were seized soon thereafter, Bartram's Chelten ham Township farm was not confiscated and sold until March 1787. Because of this late date, Bartram is alone among the traitors to be listed in the Pennsylvania Archives under MonU gomery County (which was formed in 1784). Captain Robert Coltaian paid £710 for the 55 acres. Horsham contributed more rogues to the gallery than any other township in the future county. There were nine, and one of Pennsylvania's most prominent and gifted women came perilously close to being the tenth. There were the Iredell brothers: Abraham, a surveyor, and Thomas and Robert, Jr., laborers, sons of a fastidious country gentleman and early resident; Henry Hugh Ferguson, master of Graeme Park, who was not really a traitor at all, being a Scotchman born; his wife's nephew, John Young, Gentleman; William Christy, mason; James Davis; John-Roberts, laborer; and Daniel Wil liams, yeoman. The ambush and massacre known as the Battle of Crooked Billet on May 1,1778, seems to have been the straw that broke the back of tolerance towards Tories. Just one week later came the first proclamation, and it included the names of several Horsham and Moreland men who helped to guide Lieut.-Col. Robert Abercromby's troops by night to the surprise attack on General Lace/s outnumbered forces near Hatboro. The Iredells, Christy, Davis, and Roberts were all accused of com plicity in that affair, although Davis and Robert Iredell, Jr. seem to have been exonerated, possibly because both had either served in the Philadelphia County Militia, or had paid full muster and substitute fines from 1777 to 1782. Crooked Billet was just one (albeit the bloodiest) of a series of forays into the country north and east of Philadel phia. It may safely be assumed the traitors of the outlying TRAITOBS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE 109

townships of Philadelphia County, together with their brothers-in-arms from Bucks County, took part in most of these expeditions. Although the names of specific Tories are not mentioned in them, the following letters to and from the Pennsylvania Council, General Washington, and other officers in the field describe what was happening in the late winter and early spring of 1778. On February 1 Reed wrote to Wharton from : The Intercourse between the County & the Town has produced all the Consequences foreseen by many in the beginning of the Winter — the Supply of Provisions to recruit and refresh our Enemies; I count the least pernicious. The Minds of the In habitants are seduced, their Principles tainted, & opposition enfeebled; a familiarity with the Enemy lessens their Abhor rence of them & their Measures — even good Whigs begin to think Peace at some Expense desirable. The currency for 20 miles round the Town stagnates; the Hope of getting to Mar ket with their Produce Induces them to keep it back, & deny they have it. The Hope of checking it by continental Troops I give over, they are so few in number [and] stand so much in Neid of Refreshment.. On the 14th Col. John Kirkbride complained to Wharton: ... I must now beg leave to acquaint your Excellency that our Roads near the leading upwards, are intirely left open to the Ravages of the Enemy, and a Constant intercourse is kept up between the City & the disaffected part of the Coun try. I am almost every day warn'd by some one or other of my Friends to be upon my guard, as I have for some time been threatened by the Enemy, and by a letter from the City — am afraid a plan is forming, through Treachery, to kidnap as many as possible of the Friends of Liberty, for which a hand some reward is offer'd, of (that God of the world) hard money ... Upon application of several of the good Friends to our Country, I have agreed to rais a small party of Foot Volunteers to check the influence of the Tories below Bristol and in the neighborhood near Neshaminy ... 5^70 bulletin op historical society of MONTGOMERY COUNTY

In another letter, dated the 15th, Kirkbride relates: ... I wrote your Excellency two days past, since which we have been allarm'd by the Enemy's coming out into the Neigh borhood of the Red Lyon [Willow Grove?], & have captur'd some more of our Friends ... Our Country is intirely Open & Naked, & like to be much ravig'd by the Enemy; it throws our officers into confusion & Backins our Business very much ... Washington reported on the 23d to Council: ... the insolence of the disaffected in Philadelphia and Bucks Counties had arised to a very alarming Height. They have seized and carried off a number of respectable inhabitants in those Counties, and such officers of the Army as fell in their way, among others. Major Murray, of the 13th Pennsylvania Regiment, who was at Newton with his family. What adds to the misfortune is that they carried off near 2000 y'ds of Cloth which had been collected in the County, and was making up for the Regiment ... Congress, on the 28th, took note of the fact that: ... the Enemy are evidently increasing their number by every means they can devise, purchasing and Stealing Horses for the purpose whenever they can be found. They have already two Troops of Tory Light Horse, who are chiefly employed in Kidnapping those civil Officers who are distinguished for their activity in executing the trust reposed in them by Government

General John Lacey, Jr., assigned the responsibility for protecting loyal inhabitants and preventing enemy raids into the country, reported to Council on March 26: ... I have made every disposition to cover the Country from the cruel ravages of the British mercenaries, that my numbers would admit of, &I have to flatter myself that they have been attended with tolerable success, especially with regard to stopping the small parties from ransacking the Country, but to stop the intercourse & marketing is impossible with the num bers I have [175 on special assignments and 162 on the roads leading to the enemy lines]. I wish Council would consider TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE those infamous wretches that my parties take going to the Enemy with marketing, and appoint some way for their tryal. Because of the difficulty of transporting prisoners, evi dence, and witnesses to Lancaster, Council gave Lacey per mission to conduct his own trials "in the usual military way at camp." On April 8 Lacey reported: My little party is at the Billet [Hatboro]. I am here trying some Philadelphia Market Men by a court Martial, &I hope soon to give you an account of their receiving the just Merrits of their malignant crimes. ... Washington wrote to Lacey on the 11th, acknowledging receipt of the court martial proceedings: ... I would recommend it to you to send such as you think dangerous, and who would join the Enemy if released, to the president, -with a desire to confine them to labour for five or six Months, which will be the active part of the campaign. Those whose general character has been good, I would have released with an assurance of being hanged if they are taken in such practices again, and perhaps it would be well to remit the corporal punishment of all, especially if they are people who have any reputable friends in the Country. You will ob serve that the Resolve of Congress for trying inhabitants by law martial expired yesterday, and therefore it will be need less to apprehend any more; if they are found going into Phila'a with provisions you may take that and their Horses from them. Abraham Iredell was a clerk under Ferguson, the British Commissary of Prisoners in Philadelphia. He also served as a lieutenant under Lt. Colonel Simcoe in the Guides and Pio neers, a corps found in virtually every 18th Century army, usually recruited from local citizens who knew the country in which the army was operating. (Pioneers had the English connotation, not found in American dictionaries, of men who marched with companies of foot-soldiers, carrying axes and 172 bulletin op HISTOEICAL society op MONTGOMERY COUNTY shovels to clear the way of obstructions, repair roads, and supply wood for fires, etc.) Simcoe's Loyalist corps, known as the Queen's Rangers, numbered about 800. They were dressed In green, trimmed with black, to make them in conspicuous so that they were frequently mistaken for Con tinental scouts. This made it easy for them to capture Whig sympathizers and impress them into service. The Rangers went south later in the war to join Comwallis, and eventually surrendered at Yorktown. The British apparently thought well of Iredell—so well, in fact, they saved him from trial and probable execution after his capture by American forces. The following minute of Council is dated September 1, 1778: John Knowles, Esq'r, attended the Council & represented that he had been made a Prisoner by the Enemy & carried by them to the city of New York, that he had been permitted on Parole to return to this City & to use his endeavours to obtain Abraham Iredale, of Horseham, in the County of Philadelphia, to be delivered in Exchange for him, the said John Knowles otherwise to return again to the City of New York. On consideration. Council consent to exchange Abraham Ire- dale aforesaid, for John Knowles, Esq'r, now under Parole, to the Enemy, and it is Ordered, That neither the said Abraham Iredale nor his bail shall be sued for default of his appearance in the next Court of Oyer & Terminer, to answer the charge of Treason made against him. In addition to indictment as Loyalists sympathizers, John Roberts and Daniel Williams also incurred the displeasure of their respective Friends Meetings. A minute of the Hor- sham Preparative Meeting recorded that Roberts, despite his accused Loyalist feelings, in September 1777 was "out with the [American] Militia aquipt for War," and Abington noted TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE 173

the following year that Williams, who lived in a log house on Horsham Road "entered into the Military Service as a Soldier."

Henry Hugh Ferguson is more interesting for his wife than for himself. When Pennsylvania's Lieutenant Governor Sir William Keith returned to England in 1728 his handsome plantation in Horsham came into the possession of Dr, Thomas Graeme, his stepson-in-law, a member of Council, judge of the Supreme Court, surgeon at the , collector of the port, and, according to Watson's Annals, "a man of very pleasing manners and a very popular physician." It is small wonder, tiierefore, that his youngest daughter, Elizabeth, should have grown up to be "a gracious hostess, a brilliant conversationalist, and a leader in the punctilious society of her time." She also wrote extensively both in prose and verse. In matters of love she was less blessed. While still in her teens she was jilted by Benjamin Franklin's natural son, William; this caused her a nervous breakdovra, neces sitating a prolonged visit to England. After her return to Graeme Park, she married, at age 36, Henry Ferguson, an impecunious Scotch adventurer ten years her junior. "TOen Dr. Graeme died a few months later, still ignorant of his daughter's mesalliance, he bequeathed his estate to her. This established Ferguson briefly as a country squire, but because of his violent Loyalist leanings he left his wife to return to England, financed by a £2,000 mortgage (later foreclosed) on 200 acres of Graeme Park land. Illuminating for both its literary style and the chronology of events in the lives of the Fergusons is Mrs. Ferguson's letter read in Council on June 26, 1778: Having had the unhappiness of seeing my dear Husband, Mr. Henry Ferguson's Name among the proscribed in the Lan caster Paper of May ye 13th, It appears to me to be my duty, in Consequence of the said Proscription, to touch upon a 174 bulletin op historical society of MONTGOMERY COUNTY few Simple Facts relative to Mr. Ferguson's Conduct, and to present them to the Consideration of your Honors. . . . Mr. Ferguson left his own Home in September 1775, and sailed in a Merchant Ship for Bristol; his Business was entirely of a domestic nature to settle some Family affairs with his Brother, in North Britain.

The Commotions of the Public increased so rapidly from that Period of Time, that I, tho' warmly attached to the American Cause myself, wrote to Mr. Ferguson from time to time to protract his Stay in Britain, hoping some calmer State would take place; But when the Petition of Mr. Richard Penn carried from hence to the Throne (of our at that time Sovereign) was rejected and despised, I found nothing but the Sword would decide our Grievances; Still as a Wife it was natural for me to wish his Absence at so critical a period, and all my letters breathed that Sentiment uniformly. In the month of March, 1777, Mr. Ferguson embarked from Britain to Jamaica, where he remained a month, and then embarked from thence to New York; unfortunately for me the Eve preceding the Sailing of Lord Howe's Fleet. He, anxious to get Home to his Farm, after so long an Absence, consulted some of his Friends in [New] York which would be the most Eligible Way to effect it, in Consequence of which they advised him to go on board the Fleet, which he did; and marched up by land from the Head of Elk. In the Course of his Rout[e] he purposed crossing the Country to his own House, but on Inquiry found that was impractable, being rendered too equivocal in his Character from the mode of his return, to pass in that Way with Safety.

I never knew 'till the 25th of September, the Day preceding the Enemy's entering the Capital, that he was in America, when a Lietter was bro't me by an unknown Hand from him, desiring me to meet him the next Day in Philadelphia; for the Truth of this Circumstance I can appeal to his Honor TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE I75 the Vice President, who happened to be at that Time on a transient Visit to some of his Friends at my House; and to whom I shew'd Mr. Fer^son's Letter. The Day following I met Mr. Ferguson at Germantown, as I could not bear to see the British Troops in possession of the Capital; and all the Joy of seeing my Husband, tho* a thing I had long ardently wished, was obscured and blasted by the mode of his Return; but these are little Circumstances that I beg Pardon for troubling a Collective Body with, yet as my heart is interested in them, they naturally drop from my Pen. Mr. Ferguson, within a few Days after his arrival, asked Captain McKenzie, Secretary to General Howe, to solicit the Permission of the Commander in Chief to go out of the Lines to his own House; the answer was, "Mr. Ferguson, I am much surprized at your making such a request, and would by no means have you ask it, as it will not be granted."

In the month of November, when from a Combination of Causes our Prisoners sustained most severe hardships, Mr. Ferguson was induced from a principle of Humanity to take the Office of Commissary as a temporary affair, but I think he told me the Oaths customary on those Occasions. How far he fulfilled the Duties of that Department to the Satisfaction and comfort of my unhappy Countrymen under Confinement, I leave them to determine, it being a matter of such public Notoriety, that my simple Assertion would avail Little as an Individual, and less as a Woman or a Wife. Yet I hope he exercised his limitted Power in his Line of Duty in a Way that will afford him Comfort before a Tribunal greater than any that presides on Earth. The Recollection of this is the only Consolation I ever received from his accepting the Employ. As for my little Estate, it is patrimonial left me in Fee Simple by My Father. The Summit of my unambitious Wish is to remain unmolested in that Retirement, which tho' a bulletin op historical society of MONTGOMERY COUNTY considerable Tract of Land from the Circumstances of the Time and other Causes afford a Support but with Frugality.

I never for the space of nine months that the Enemy were here came to make a Stay of more than four Days, 'till I came to take Leave of my Husband; And then General Washington did me the Honor of sending me a pass un solicited on my part, tho' gratefully received, in consequence of an intercepted Letter from my Husband to me, assuring me with precision that the British Troops were about de parting. Will your Honors allow me to mention one thing more, and I am done. My Husband, not being an Inhabitant of America, and circumstanced, as this Memorial above sets forth, though from some part of his Conduct, in a severe Construction of Law, may be deemed an Enemy, yet I mean to insinuate is not a Traitor, though he is proscribed under that harsh Epithet in the Papers. .. ,

Council was unimpressed. The facts she related were true enough as far as they went, but the embroidery of Ferguson's motives was too much for the Council to swallow, and her own conduct had been highly suspicious. She herself declared later that the winter of 1777-78 "was the most Compleatly miserable I ever passed in my Life—^my husband Soliciting me to come into the city and my Country Neighbors thinking that We had knowledge of a hundred things we knew nothing of." Her miseries increased as, wittingly or unwittingly, she became a go-between, first with a letter from the Rev. Jacob Duche, the distinguished rector of Christ's and St. Peter's Episcopal Churches, urging Washington to abandon the rebel cause as hopeless, and then a British offer to General Joseph Reed of £10,000 and any position he might choose in the colonies if he would effect a reconciliation with the mother country. Feeling ran high against her, and may have been a factor TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE 177 in the quartering of the Pennsylvania Militia at Graeme Park during the early months of 1778. More than 1,000 men were encamped there in tents and log cabins erected for the purpose, and, it is said, her main drawing room was com mandeered and used as a guardroom. Hundreds of trees were felled for firewood and livestock was slaughtered for food with almost no recompense. She must have been alarmed, too, by some of the campus activities. On January 24 General Lacey wrote from "Camp Graham Park" to Wharton: ... An axident hapened in Camp this day by a number of Cartriges taken fire by axident, blew up and burnt five men very badly, but I believe not Dangerous, they were sorting the Damaged Cartriges when they took fire, the Number Lost is Computed to be about Six or Seven thousand, the Cart ridges was in a tent, which blew up, and Set fire to some Others which Stood Near, and were all Consumed, with a number of Blankets and Cartriage boxes in them, the numbers not Exactly known.

Despite Mrs. Ferguson's well-taken point that her husband was not legally a traitor, the Council refused to listen to legal opinions while feeling ran so strong against her, and ordered confiscation of Graeme Park and all the household goods. The laws of that day provided that when a woman married the use and profits of her real estate became her husband's, at least during his lifetime. Accordingly, an elaborate inventory was taken, covering several pages, of her household possessions. The list included one of the finest private libraries in the state, a Negro named Alexander (valued at £250), and much fine furniture. By that time, however, there was no livestock left; even her horses and wagons had been driven oif.

Mrs. Ferguson appealed to the Supreme Court and was allowed to retain the contents of parlor, bed chamber, and kitchen. The rest of her goods were sold at vendue on October 15, 1778. Total proceeds were £537, 11 sh., 6d, and bulletin op historical society of MONTGOMERY COUNTY included £260 she paid as rent. Council wanted to sell Graeme Park as well, but fortunately for Elizabeth Ferguson she had many friends in high places. Among them were General Daniel Roberdeau, who told Council "I dare pawn my honor for her;" Elias Boudinot, later president of Congress; her Horsham neighbor, Col. Robert Loller; George Meade, Andrew Robeson, and many others. The State's General Assembly was moved by the many pleas not to sell her house and land, and passed the following resolution on May 26, 1780: Resolved, That it be recommended to the Supreme Executive Council to defer the sale of the estate commonly called Graeme Park, which Mrs. Ferguson now resides on, and that the said Elizabeth Ferguson be permitted to live rent free thereon, under the indulgence of the Commonwealth, she paying the Taxes. This resolve considerably ruffled the feathers of Council, which replied: Gentlemen:—We should be wanting in duty to our station, as well as regard to the interest of the State, if we did not express our concern at the interference of your Hon'ble House in matters merely of an Executive nature, and which have been already under the cognizance of this Board, and re ceived a full determination. The importunity of the petitioners has doubtless operated upon the indulgence of the house, but we flatter ourselves they rely upon the wisdom and spirit of Council in refusing the applications, where they appear inconsistent "with plain positive law, or the rights of the Council, as declared by the constitution. Three instances have occured in the present session, and as they have an evident tendency to lessen the weight and im portance of the Council in the Eyes of the people, we cannot but request your Hon'ble house to consider what our feelings are on such occasions. ... We cannot suppose that the TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE ^79

Legislative wish to acquire popularity at the expence of the Executive authority, much less that they -would furnish the Enemies of the Government with a proof of the dangers arising from a single branch of Legislature, which has been so often and frequently asserted. ... The Assembly's moderate attitude prevailed, and the pro perty was largely restored to her in 1781. By that time, however, since she was "without help to enable her to keep the fields cultivated Elizabeth had become increasingly im poverished. The days of gracious country living were over and she was obliged to sell much of her land to pay accumu lated debts. By 1791 she remarked that "had the land got lower I must [have] gone on this Parish for a support." When her money ran out her husband ceased writing to her. She heard later that he died with the British army on a cmnpaign in Flanders. Even when her health failed and she was obliged to move from Graeme Park to Hatboro, she still distributed what charity she could occasionally afford among her less fortunate neighbors. They called her "Lady Ferguson." The verdict of history must be that this most distinguished Philadelphia woman was sincere in her efforts to bring an end to the Revolution and was betrayed more by her zeal to hold her unfortunate marriage together than by political considerations. Always a brilliant conversationalist, she could be sharp-tongued too. This probably accounts for Dr. S. Weir Mitchell's several references to her in "Hugh Wynne" as "that cat, Bess Ferguson." When Dr. Graeme died, he had left his property, but no cash, to Elizabeth, and also bequeathed £1,000 to her brother- in-law, James Young, and his two children. The children had been brought up at Graeme Park and their father had lived there without charge for months at a time after his wife's death. Young's insistence on immediate payment of the £1,000 came as a bitter (and financially embarrassing) shock to Elizabeth. Another shock was to follow. The father, James, 180 BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY and the son, John, took opposite paths during the war. James became Pennsylvania's Wagon Master General for the Con tinental Army, with the rank of Captain. During the long winter of 1777-78 he was stationed at Reading and charged with the responsibility of supplying Washington's troops at Valley Forge. Because wagons were scarce and the roads all but impassable, he finally employed all the wagons he could find in Berks County to transport flour and forage to the Schuylkill River for water-borne shipment to the encampment. Meanwhile his son at Philadelphia, "heretofore to Grame Park, Horsham," was recommended to Sir William Howe as "a gentleman of property and character in the Colony of Pennsylvania." He must also have been a bit of a snob. When the Assembly met in 1774 John had this to say about it in a letter to his Aunt Elizabeth Ferguson:

I believe the Committees, and, indeed, people in general, are not well pleased at the Assembly's chusing the members of ye Congress out of their own house; indeed, I think it is a reflection on them that the Farmer [John Dickinson] was not one of the number. I assure [you] our Honorable House made but a scurvy appearance the day the memorial was presented to them by the Committees, it was enough to make one sweat to see a parcel of Countrymen sitting with their hats on, great Coarse Cloth Coats, Leather Breeches, and woolen Stockings, in the month of July: there was not a Speech made the whole time, whether their silence proceeded from their Modesty, or from their inability to speak, I know not.

It did not take Young long to choose sides. "Having long abhorred the new form of government erecting in America, on the ruins of the constitution of my country, and disdaining to submit to it, on the 24th of January, 1776, I set off in company with my friend, Mr. Baynton, from Philadelphia, the place of our birth, for New York." Young was arrested during his further journey to , taken back to New York, then sent home under guard by the Committee of Safety, TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE which stated in its records that he "had entered as a volunteer in the ministerial service contrary to the will of his father'*. He was paroled to Graeme Park, but broke parole and escaped with Howe's army. His name, accordingly, was on the first proclamation, and his hundreds of acres in Northampton Couniy were seized and sold by the State in 1779. In the Manor of Moreland, long before it was split into two townships, lived John Burke, tailor; Joseph Comly and Daniel Jeans, yeomen; John Loughborough, blacksmith; and Albertson Walton, husbandman. Burke, Comly, and Walton lived close together on Pine Road near the Byberry Township line (now part of Philadelphia). Together they formed an enclave of Toryism, completely surrounded by patriots con spicuous in the Continental cause. Walton was the first of the five to be proclaimed a traitor. A man of some means and education, he owned 200 acres and had a tenant farmer on his property working on a share basis. He also belonged to the Second Battalion, Phila delphia County Militia, under Colonel Benjamin McVaugh. The inventory of his household goods, taken August 14, 1778, was extensive, and included "one white spotted Cow with only two Tits" and a black cow with standard equipment. The de formed one was appraised and sold for £S less than the other. When the sale took place, Walton himself was at home. He watched as the treasured items were auctioned off for £219, then paid £60 rent for the small house his tenant had formerly occupied. Burke, Comly, and Loughborough were accused in the proclamation of October 13, 1778. Burke was much in debt. His personal possessions consisted of four chairs, a table, chaff bed, bolster, and "sackenboten" of a bedstead, a black cow, some pigs, utensils, and 33^ acres of land. Because he was supposed "to have gone to join the enemys upon the frontiers," his wife, Elizabeth, had to appeal to the Supreme Court for maintenance. The real estate brought £6,100, subject 232 BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY to several encumbrances, including six years' fines for Burke's failure to serve with the militia. There are a dozen different spellings of the name Lough- borough in the early archives, from Loufborrow to Lufberry. It may be surmised that this was an Anglicized approximation of the German Ludenburgh which appears in early Moreland records. John's father is believed to have been the first keeper of the Crooked Billet Tavern, though he did not own it. After his death his widow ran it. She had four children by Lough- borough and four more by her second husband, David Rees. When she died in 1767 she left all her property to David Rees, Jr., a hatter in Philadelphia. The Loughborough boys, however, do not seem to have been destitute. One was among the founders of the Union Library in Hatboro, and John, a blacksmith, owned 126 acres and a 14-year-old Negro boy who brought £900 when his estate was sold in February 1779. His '*Widow" (as deserted wives were called) bought most of the items except the slave, and paid £86 rent "of the Plantation," until it was sold in June, 1780, to George (or Jacob) Benner, of Bristol Township, Philadelphia County, for £20,400. The property consisted of dwelling house, bam, springhouse and other improvements, but, curiously, there was no mention of a blacksmith shop or tools. Comly owned 100 acres, with house, bam, orchard, meadow and woods. His wife, Eleanor (Nelly) bought most of the furnishings, plus cow and mare, when the public sale was held on February 1779. She also paid £89 rent. When the real estate was advertised for sale at public auction the following year she petitioned Council to halt the sale, but they refused and it was bought by Charles Walker of Warwick Township, Bucks County, for £25,100. Nelly was then obliged to petition for support for herself and children. According to William J. Buck, Burke, Comly, and Lough borough 'Tiad rendered themselves particularly obnoxious. To escape from trial they fled, and followed the remnants of the TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE ^83

British army to New York." Comly apparently died there, but the others proceeded to Canada, whence Loughborough later sailed for England.

Daniel Jeans, because of a mix-up in the spelling of his name, was the last of the Moreland men to be attainted. On January 25,1779, George Smith, agent for confiscating estates in the outlying parts of Philadelphia County, wrote to President Keed:

I have discovered a few more of ye Inhabitance of Phila's County, that has gon off with ye Enemy of theas States, and haith not been Proclamd yet, theirfore I send you their Names in hops to see it in our Paper soon, as I find some of their Estates is a Wasting very fast.

In May Smith was joined by John Mobb and Thomas Hale in appealing to Council: The greatest part of the above names have been returned to Counsil two or three times before [and] as posibly they have been mislaid we make bold to return again at their not being Proclaimid has greatly [restricted] the agents in the Exercise of their Duty. Council made up for lost time by listing him twice: once as Daniel Jones on the proclamation of June 22, 1779, and then as Janes on that of July 27, 1780. Daniel and his brothers, Abel and Isaac, inherited three parcels of land totalling 74 acres from their father. Daniel's one-third interest was not seized until 1780; then Benjamin Harbeson, at public sale at the Court House in Philadelphia, paid £8,500 for the properties, in Continental currency of course. Jeans, who was unmarried and still in his 20's, eventually received 50 acres, plus one town and one water lot, in Shelburne, Nova Scotia, to compensate for the less than 25 acres he had lost. Among the poignant mementos of Tory treachery is this recently-discovered letter to Isaac Knight, Senior, in Abington: 184 BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY

Honoured Father I have to trouble thee once more concerning my losses, having been before the Commissioners to prove my claims and, falling short of authentick proofs as to the confiscation and sales to their satisfaction, was desired by them to procure the con demnation or an acknowledge [ment] of the commissioners that seized and sold the property with the prices sold for or even one of their Advertisements for the sale. Thy procuring the above vouchers will be of infinite servis to me as I have nothing in my possession to prove the confiscation nor attainder of my pirson and it is necessary for me to prove both— therefore beg that every exertion be mad[e] use of to obtain the proofs discribed as the whole depends on these things:— this has been the hardest winter ever known by the oldest inhabitant in this country; the snow is between two & three feet deep on a level in the woods at this time; there has been upwards of fifty moos[e] killed within six weeks in this settlement which has been a grate relief to the inhabitants, provision being very scant, many families not having a mouthfuU of meat nor bread for some weeks before.— as to health, we are in a bad state, my wife has been confined to the house most of the winter and is not any better yet. I am much troubled with the rheumatick pains so as to disable me from work. John's wife has been sick this three weeks past and not any better.— so concluding with love to thee and all our relations and friends, not forgetting our children. The letter was dated April 7, 1787, four years after the end of the Revolution, and was mailed from Beaver Harbour, New Brunswick, by Joshua Knight, in care of James Pember- ton, of Philadelphia, one of the Virginia Exiles. There were three Knight brothers: Joshua, Isaac, and John. Together with their father they owned 500 acres in the heart of Abington, half of which was an original grant from William TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE ^85

Fenn to their great-great grandmother, the widow Elizabeth Shorter, a London glover. The other half she had helped her grandson buy before the end of the 17th century. Abington High School now stands on part of that ground.

In addition to their large farms, Joshua had a blacksmith shop and lived on the Old York Road near the Abington Friends Meeting. John was a tanner, and his land was at the present Weldon, where the Caaa Conti restaurant now stands. Isaac, Jr. (who was really Isaac, 3d) was a prosperous farmer. Their father had served on the Committee of Correspondence and Inspection which attempted to establish a unified policy among the various colonies toward the oppressive acts of the British before the Revolution actually broke out. All three sons were accused of treason. Isaac, Jr., surrendered and was discharged for lack of witnesses against him. A cryptic comment in the minutes of Council for May 2, 1780, concern ing the recovery of a Negro boy seized by American troops during the British occupation of Philadelphia, is left un explained. "Further consideration of this subject was re ferred," it states, " 'till General Lacey comes to Town, to whom the conduct of Isaac Knight is fully known."

If not one of the party described in the following, letter from Lacey at Doylestown to Council on June 5, 1778, Isaac probably belonged in a similar category:

... Major McCammon with a small scout of ten men fell in with a gang of marketmen & Vagabonds from the Enemy, Last Saturday Evening, the Major with his little tho' brave party, made Twenty five of them Prisoners, among which nine were armed, the whole are sent to Easton Goal for Confinement, the Poltroons had cocked their firelocks, but Being Consious of their Guilt, and struck with the Black and Infernal Errand they were on; threw them down and beged for mercy, part of the gang saved themselves by a speedy flight back to the Enemy. ... 186 BULLETIN OF HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY

The other two Knight brothers convicted themselves by accompanying the British to New York. John was a guide for the enemy, and Joshua may have acted in a like capacity. On July 5, 1783, a meeting of Quakers was held in Joshua's house at 36 Chatham Street, New York, to complete plans for the mass exodus of Tories to Nova Scotia. The site chosen was Beaver Harbour, then in that province. New Brunswick did not become a separate province until the following year. In Sabine's "Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the Ameri can Revolution," it is recorded that "early in the Revolution he [Joshua] abandoned everything, went to the Island of Campo Bello, N.B., where, for a winter, he occupied a fisherman's salt-house, or hut. Joined finally by other Loyalists from his native Province, he settled on the mainland of the Bay of Fundy at a place called Pennfield, in honor of William Penn." This account appears more colorful than true; he was not joined by, but was one of the leaders of the party of Queers and Anabaptists, numbering 104 men, 50 women, 47 children under age ten, and 20 servants who settled first at Beaver Harbour and later removed to Pennfield. Even in Canada their troubles did not cease—twice their settlement was burned to the ground.

Meanwhile the state seized the Knight properties. Joshua owned three parcels totalling 136 acres, and John a farm of 107 acres, but the sales were not immediately advertised. Sarah, Joshua's wife, rented the house where they lived in Jenkintown (near Abington Meeting) on October 1, 1778, for £10 per year, while his father and brother Isaac paid both rent and taxes on his farmland. Almost simultaneously in June, 1780, however, the properties were advertised for public sale, and Council issued the following resolution:

Whereas, The residence of the wives & children of those persons who have joined the enemy, has at all times proved inconvenient to the publick interests, in consequence of the correspondence and intercourse which has been constantly TRAITORS BY CHOICE OR CHANCE

preserved, and as it now become too dangerous to be longer permitted or connived at:

Resolved, That publick notice be given to such persons, that they depart this State within Ten days, and any of them remaining after that time will not be deemed as entitled to any protection, but liable to be proceeded against as enemies of the State. Exactly ten days later, on June 16th, Sarah and nine other wives were granted passes to New York. Six days later the properties were sold, two of them to Philip Moore, for a total of £37,000, and the other to William Dean for £11,600. When no purchaser was found for John's farm, the Common wealth bid it in for £41,000 "for the use of the University" on August 30, 1780.

To be continued. Free Inhabitants in Horsham Township in the County of Montgomery State of Pennsylvania According to the Census of 1850

Amos Lukens, Ass't Marshal Aug. 27 to R.E.—rvalue of real estate owned SHAY: Israel 30 (farmer), Elizabeth 30, Mary Ambers 23, Charles Ford 11. R.E. $14,000. HUGHES: Atkinson 62 (none), Martha 63, Ann 28, Susanna 19. R.E. $8000. RICH: Benjamin 32 (farmer), Jane 33, Atkinson H. 7, John C. 5, Benjamin, Jr. 4, Martha H. 2, Elwood 1/12, John, Sr. 60 (farmer), Mary J. 14, John C. 9, John Haycock 17 (farmer). R.E. $1000. HAYCOCK: Amos 44 (laborer), Harriet 44, Mary 6. R.E. $800. GURLEY: Emmor 40 (laborer), Grace 36, Orinda 12, Atkin son Hughs 7, Howard 5, Edward 3, Thomas H. 7/12, Rebecca Ann 23, Joseph Barnes 70 (laborer). R.E. $5000. CONRAD: James 28 (miller), Mary 21. R.E. $3500. ALLEN: James 35 (laborer), Catharine 32, Thomas 8. BASSET: Samuel 31 (tailor), Sarah B. 29, Anna 9, William 6, Samuel, Jr. 6/12, Catharine Wallace 19. CONRAD: Job 39 (farmer), Ann 40, Mary 10, Harriet 4, John 3, Ellen 6/12, Ephraim 36 (sawyer), Hannah Sill 66, Harriet Sill 31, Jacob Haycock 14. R.E. (JC) $5000 (EC) $7000. FORD: John 32 (farmer), Lydia 25, Sarah Ann 1, Samuel 15, David Yother 25 (carpenter).

188 HORSHAM TOWNSHIP 189

SHOEMAKER: Isaac L. 35 (fanner), Jane 35, Emma 11, Mary 8, John 5, William 2, Martha 1/12, John Harp 23 (laborer), Eliza Kelley 18. R.E. $8000. SCHRAUGER: Christian 42 (laborer), Mary 40, Joseph 10. WEBSTER: Naylor 55 (farmer), Hannah 55, Rebecca 29, Sarah Ann 25, George 23, Asher 18. R.E. $5000. SHAY: Edward 42 (farmer), Hannah 42, John 15, Mary 18, Hannah Stilfield 16, Joseph Ambers 17 (laborer). R.E. $7000. HOOD: Joseph 51 (farmer), Maria 47, Eliza 20, Robert 17, Ann 14, Julius 12, William 10, Charles 6, Louise 4, Michael Cashman 20 (laborer). R.E. $5000. JONES: George 51 (miller), Martha 47, Ann Elizabeth 18, John 14, William 12. CONRAD; Samuel 36 (farmer), Willamina 29, Hannah 6, Lin- ford 4, William Johnson 16. R.E. $2000. MULLIN: David 45 (farmer), Clarissa 40, Samuel 18, Amos 16, William 13, Edith Ann 7, Thomas 5. R.E. $3500. JACKSON: Charles 35 (laborer), Rachel 40, George 9, Mary Ann 6, Sarah 2. SPERRY: Jacob 54 (laborer), Sarah 58, Joseph 25 (carpen ter), Sarah 23, Harriet 18, Samuel Roney 53 (farmer). R.E. (SR) $1300. STOCKDALE: Thomas 69 (farmer), Martha 78, George Apple 15. R.E. $1250. KENDERDINE: Robert 58 (farmer), Mary 51, Joseph 22, William 20, Barclay 16, John 13. R.E. 510,655. SINGLEY: Andrew 28 (farmer), Sarah 31, Clara 2, Emma 2/12, Andrew 70, Henry 15, Esther Waller 15. R.E. $4500. MULLIN: Edith 69, Charles 39 (farmer), Mary Ford 45, Richard 21 (laborer), Sarah 20, Edward Brown 12. R.E. $9200. FRY: Ephraim 35 (carpenter), Mary 37, Mary Ann 6, Susan THE UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

MULLIN: Joshua 36 (laborer), Margaret 31, Elwood 6, Mary Jane 3, Edith 1, Mary Lukens 64, Charles Ottinger 42 (farmer), Catharine Ottinger 26, Joseph 5, George 3, Hannah 2, John 1/12. R.E. $1000. 4, Hannah 1, Jacob Ray 21. R.E. $1000. SPERRY: Jonathan 49 (farmer), Dorothy 46, Susanna 16, William 12, Sarah Ann 6, Isaiah 1. R.E. $2000. FRECK [FRICK] : John 45 (laborer), Margaret 36, Elizabeth More 16, George Sines [Signs] 80, Margaret Sines 83, R.E. $1200. FORD: Jonathan 52 (laborer), Elizabeth 49, Jacob 14, Ann 11, Elizabeth 9, John 8, Hannah 6/12, Charles Cox 56 (laborer). R.E. (CC) $1000. LANDIS: John 34 (laborer), Rachael 27, Levi 5, Catharine 4, Samuel 3, John, Jr. 1/12, Elizabeth 66. BROWN: Joel 44 (laborer), Ann 49, Maria 17, Elizabeth 11. HALLOWELL: Thomas B. 42 (farmer), Mary 39, Lydia 19, John 17, Thomas 13, Charles 9, George 5, Hannah 1/12, Aaron 39 (farmer). R.E. (TBH) $3000 (AH) $5200. TEAS: Charles 47 (farmer), Margaret 55, George 17, Mary 15, John 11, Sarah 9. R.E. $7000. WHITE: Samuel 32 (laborer), Catharine 27, Lydia Ann 4, William 1. TOMLINSON: Edward 44 (farmer), Rebecca 40, Ann 10, Alfred 3, Rebecca 1. R.E. $4800. EICHENLAUB [EIGENLAUB]: Henry 31 (laborer), Ellen 28, Henry, Jr. 3, Anna Maria 1. STILLFIELD: Jane 63, Samuel 33 (laborer), Lewis 23 (stonemason), Susan 9. SUTTER: Jacob 33 (saddler), Magdelene 20, Henry 3, Theo dore 2, John Gregger 30 (saddler), John Schaffer 27 (saddler), Angeline More 16. KENDERDINE: Thomas 62 (farmer), Hannah 58, Matilda Rabb 13. R.E. $2500. WEIGAL: Henry 25 (laborer), Mary 24, William W. 3, Eliza beth Morris 17. HORSHAM TOWNSHIP 191

KERBAUGH: William 31 (shoemaker & farmer), Rebecca 33, Thomas 6, Samuel 4, Enos 4/12, Elizabeth McVaugh 16, Abraham Clemmens 20 (shoemaker), John G. Rapp 16 (shoemaker). R.E. $1800. SHAY; Jonathan 39 (farmer), Isabella 37, Sarah 8, Amelia 5, Elizabeth 4, Reuben 3, Jesse 1, Thomas Potts 21 (laborer), John Schrauger 14, Elizabeth Sowden 27, Elizabeth Sum mers 13. R.E, $9300. HILLES: David 37 (farmer), Sarah 32, Benjamin 6, William 2, Susan Jane 1, Samuel Hughs 12, Elizabeth Conrad 30, William Conrad 12, Alfred 5, Mary Jane 1. R.E. (EC) $3500. WATSON: Charles 29 (farmer), Jane 33, George 2, Anna Mary 1/12, Issachar 23 (laborer). FRY: John 59 (carpenter), Hannah 57, Joseph 18, Hannah Barret 8. R.E. $1000. JOHNSON: Nathaniel B. 35 (merchant), Mary W. 36, Anna W. 6, Clara T. 3, Rebecca F. 1, George McNair 20, Lavina Hoover 22. R.E. $11,200. WHITE: Jacob 34 (laborer) ,Sophia 36, Samuel 7, Mary Jane 4, Jesse 2, William 73 (shoemaker). R.E. $1200. BARNET: Levi 30 (blacksmith), Sophia 30, Mahlon K. 5, Albert A. 4, John W. 3, Frederick K. 9/12, Henry Sperry 32 (laborer), Sabella Myers 17, Samuel Sperry 7, Anna Sperry 5. R.E. $1400. WRIGHT: Samuel 39 (farmer), Catharine 30, Elizabeth Ann 5, Mary Ann 2, Alice 1/12, Elizabeth 74. R.E. (EW) $4500. RHOADS: Samuel 70, Eliza 53. SPERRY: Peter 81 (farmer), Mary 86. R.E. $1000. HALLOWELL: Aaron 46 (farmer), Emily 22, Elizabeth 1, Rebecca 70. R.E. $1500. SMITH: William 40 (cooper), Maria 30, John 8, George 6, Henry 4, Levi 1, George Weak 55 (carpenter). R.E. (GW) $1200. 192 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

STONG: Isaac 52 (blacksmith), Mary 40, Joseph 18, William 16, Harriet 14, John 12, Antrim 9, Josiah 6, Henry 4. R.E. $1800. PHANDER: Philip 56 (farmer), Phebe 53, Frederick 20, Catharine 63, Alexander McFe 15. R.E. $2500. ROWE: John A. 50 (druggist), Fanny 47, Joseph W. 20 (farmer), Aaron Sperry 23 (farmer), Sarah B. Sperry 22, William Bell 16. R.E. $2500. SMITH: Elizabeth 70, Susan 67. YOTHER: Jacob 33 (carpenter), Lydia 32, Mary Ann 6, Robert 5, Winfield 2. R.E, $800. SHEPHERD: Levi 53 (farmer), Esther 56, Linford 29, John 26 (farmer), Phebe Ann 23, Margaret 20, William 19 (farmer), Elizabeth 18, Esther 16, Charles 12, Levi, Jr. 10. R.E. $4000. STONG: John 38 (farmer), Mary Cline 42, Hugh Young 42 (laborer), William Moyer 12, James Moyer 21 (laborer)', Charles Umer 30 (laborer), Sarah Timer 28. R.E. $5000. AMBERS: Samuel 23 (carpenter), Jane 22, Catharine 50. MULLEN: William 31 (farmer), Margaret 26, Sarah Ann 4, Agnes 2/12, Charles Ottinger 17 (laborer), George Schank 55, Mary Ann Vanderslice 10. R.E. $3600. LONGSTRETH: Thomas 75 (farmer), Hannah E. 42, Thomas H. Jr. 20, Caroline F. 18, Cyrus E. 16, Edward 14, Wil liam 9, Conner Ayres 33 (laborer), James Sausey? 23 (laborer), Catharine Brian 85, Sarah Howell 80, Matilda Factor (B) 32, Joseph Factor (B) 8, John Factor (B) 4. R.E. $6000. TOMPIQNS: David 43 (laborer), Edith 38, Jonathan 10, Jane Ann 9, Mary E. 7, Ruth Ann 5, William 2. DUNN: Robert 68 (farmer), Janet 62, William 41, Rachel 32, Jacob 7, Elizabeth 5, Rebecca 1, Michael Smith 23 (lab orer), John Wister 9, Mary Wildgens 19. R.E. $5000. COZEN: Samuel 33 (stonemason), Elizabeth 36, John 6, Joseph 4, Anna M. 2, Francis 8/12, Sarah Long 14. HOBSHAM TOWNSHIP 193

HAWKINS: John 44 (farmer), Eliza 42, Elizabeth 17, Aman da 15, Lydia 12, William 8, Leslie 5, Rebecca 8, John Bennet 19 (laborer), Thomas Winder 50 (school teacher). STETSER: Aman 33 (laborer), Mary 28, Molly 1/12. WRIGHT: Jacob 53 (farmer), Ellen 46, Caroline 18, Mary Ann 15, Maria 14, Mary Blyler 70, Joseph Alabaugh 22 (laborer). R.E. $8000. WRIGHT: David 29 (farmer), Hannah 21. MO KINNEY: Amos 35 (blacksmith), Ann 36, Hannah E. 5. FRY: George 30 (carpenter), Adalade 29, Elizabeth 4, Robert 1, Samuel Roberts 17. R.E. $800. HERRMAN: Henry 36 (farmer), Sarah Ann 38, Isabella 12, George 11, Adaline 8, Daniel 7, Theodore 6, Albert 3, Caroline 1, Frederick 1/12, Mary McCarter 22. R.E. $17,000. STEMPLE, Joseph 27 (farmer), Tacy 24, William 5, Mary E. 3, Ann 1/12, William Brown 20 (laborer), William Forbes 14, Benjamin Gearhart 14. R.E. $3000. CARR: Daniel 67 (farmer), Ann 69, William 25, Michael, Jr. 24, Isaac 19 (farmer), Carven 17 (farmer), Daniel, Jr. 10, Michael 57, Mary Ann Handwright 20, R.E. $8700. WALTON: Oliver 43 (carpenter) Elizabeth 39, Joseph R. 14, John 8, Elizabeth 6, James 1, R.E. $800. PALMER: John 32 (farmer), Emily 28, William H. 2, Char les Heisler 12, William Douglas 23 (M) (laborer), Ellen Hughes 31. DELP: Samuel 24 (butcher), Caroline 21, Francis Wilson 35 (butcher), James Amdt 20 (laborer), Joshua Luckens 11. FOLOWELL: Peter 40 (laborer), Pamela 42, Anna 9, Thomas A. 7. R.E. $500. JARRETT: Samuel 40 (farmer), Elizabeth 33, Charles M. 4, Morris 3, Martha M. 1, Susan Murray 13, Jacob Manfield 20 (laborer). R.E. $6000. KNEEDLER: Joseph 67, Catharine 76. R.E. $9000. 194 UNITED STATES CENSUS OP 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

YOCUM: Charles B. 32 (farmer), Ix)uisa 33, Catharine Ann 10, James R. 7, Emma A. 3, Rebecca 7/12, Ann Eliza Myers 20, Andrew Rickard 18 (laborer), Wesley Minker 11, STONG: Lewis 32 (farmer), Nathan 30, Mary 28, Abigail 73, Elizabeth 25. R.E. (AS) $7000. SHUTT: Jacob 56 (farmer), Ann 53, Mary 30, Eliza 23, Jacob, Jr. 21, Samuel 18, Emma 10. R.E. $10,000. SHUTT: John 24 (laborer), Mary 32. LIVEZEY: Jonathan 73 (shoemaker), Elizabeth 68, Mary 44. R.E. $600. DETWEILER: Henry 36 (farmer), Margaret 33, Abraham 10, Arabella 7, Clara 6/12, Oliver More 19 (laborer), Susan Yother 20, Mary Wentz 50. R.E. $7000. MULLEN: Robert 43 (farmer), Mary 41, Edwin 14, Israel 12, Anna 9, Jane 4. R.E. $3100. PALMER: William Jr. 28 (farmer), Martha C. 27, Georgl- anna 2, Elias Allen 22 (laborer), Mary E. Rush 22. STACKHOUSE: Charles 39 (farmer), Hannah 39, Thomas 7, John 6, Phoebe Cleaver 22. R.E. $5000. MORGAN: Meyers 33 (laborer), Elenor 27, Margaret A. 2, David E. 7/12, Jane Hughs 80. NIXSON: Elizabeth 58, Edith 56, Mary 50, Joseph 71 (sad dler), Samuel Heft 22 (farmer), Peter Clerk 20 (laborer). R.E. $9000. KENDERDINE: Thomas Sr. 75 (farmer), Rachel 70, Mar garet 44, Sarah 38, Rachel 36, John Kauffman 24 (labor er) , Elwood Holts 22 (laborer). R.E. (TK) $8000 (RK) $3000. MORGAN: David 63 (farmer), Sarah 61, Edward 18, Sarah 16, Enoch K. 42 (farmer), Ann 43, Lydia 7, John 6, Tacy 4, Elizabeth Spencer 72, Enoch Kenderdine 77. R.E. (EK) $8000. FORD: James 24 (laborer), Lovina 20, John 9/12. WEIGAL [WEIKLE]: Thomas 43 (laborer), Elizabeth 42, John 21, Lucyanna 18, Samuel 16, Benjamin 14, Mary HORSHAM TOWNSHIP

Jane 11, Charles 9, Elizabeth 5, Hannah 3, William 9/12. JARRETT: Jonathan 45 (farmer), Agnes 45, Joseph R. 18, Tacy 10, Joseph Roberts 70, Jeremiah Lazaleer 21 (school teacher), Martha Vantieth 18, Abigail Ann Biddle 16. R.E. $6000. SHAY: William 27 (farmer), Mary 25, Alma 1, Eliza Roberts 42, Ann Eliza 15, William 3, Elwood Hallowell 23 (labor er) , William Hase 13, Sarah Shay 64, Thomas 23 (farmer). R.E. (SS) $8000. SHAY: John 45 (miller), Ann 44, Hannah Ellen 10, Mary Ann 6, Elizabeth Montieth 20. R.E. (JS) $4500 (AS) $5000. MORE: Richard 27 (farmer), Tacy 32, Anna 4, Alfred 1, Re becca Monteith 17, William Hendrix 13, Mary Schrauger 17, William Growler 21 (laborer). SHOEMAKER: Job 48 (none), Hannah More 55, Ann Stemple 68, Hannah Thomas 21, Issac W. More 18 (farmer), Rachel Roberts 13. R.E. (JS) $2000. TOMLINSON: Robert 39 (farmer), Hannah 39, Selina 14, Edward K. 12, Isadore 10, Algernon 8, Sarah 6, Benjamin 3, Joseph Seiner 36 (laborer), Richard Morgan 23 (la borer) , Maria Kelley 19. R.E. $1800. SHOEMAKER: James 27 (farmer), Phebe 23, Isabella 5/12, Samuel Jackson 33 (laborer), Hannah 35, Elizabeth 9, Mary 7, Wilamina 3. R.E. $6000. JARRETT: Elizabeth 67, William 31 (farmer), Hannah 36, Elizabeth Root 17, William Hoffman 14, Alice Spencer 64. R.E. (WJ) $6500. MC LEAN: William 28 (farmer), Elizabeth 30, Maria 5, John 2, William Jr. 6/12, Mary Jones 39, Alfred Jones 3, Robert Robinson 24 (laborer), Sarah Pennell 17. R.E. $700. LUTZ: Adam 54 (farmer), Margaret 51, Hannah 28, Hiram 24, Mary 20, Mahlon 16, Albert 12. R.E. $3600. DOWLXN: Paul 59 (farmer), Hannah 54, Mary 32, William 196 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1860, MONTGOMEBY COUNTY

W. Spiece 29 (fanner), Jane D. 27, David D. 4, Sarah Ann Ambers 15. R.E. $5000. MAGEE: Mary 39 (farmer), Martha C. 13, Charles R. 11, Jane E. 9, Agnes J. 7, Joseph R. 5, Henry 2, Theodore Zook 16 (laborer). R.E. $10,000, KILE: Abraham 85 (shoemaker), Hannah 35, Elizabeth 9, Charles 7, Isaac 35 (shoemaker), Elizabeth 25, John 3, Hannah 1. CORNWALL: William E. 42 (minister; G. Reform) Eliza 43, Robert J. 17 (school teacher), Elizabeth 19, William 14, Sarahanne 12, George H. 7, Julia Ann 6, James 2, Eliza beth 63. R.E. $1300. GULP: Oliver 23 (shoemaker), Mary 21, Jane Ann 1/12. R.E. $2400. WRIGHT: Jacob, Sr. 71 (farmer), Ann 55, Joseph 32 (farm er), William 24 (farmer), Daniel Morgan 15, Margaret Taylor 12. R.E. $9000. FISHER: Abraham 45 (farmer), Ann 41, Mary Eliza 21, Malachi 19 (farmer), Rebecca 17, Susanna 13, Daniel 11, Sarah Ann 9, Amanda 6, William 4. R.E. $5600. TAYLOR: Franklin 33 (farmer), Susan29, Emily 1, Jonathan 65 (farmer), Jonathan, Jr. 22 (carpenter), Abigail Rhoads 23. R.E. (JT) $3000. TAYLOR: Joseph 33 (farmer), Priscilla 28, Ruth Ann 2, Jonathan 3/12, John Frederick 24 (laborer), Charles Swayne 10, Ellen Gurley 22, Rebecca Engle 70. GURLEY: Joseph 58 (laborer), Elizabeth 54, R.E. $800. STILLFIELD: John 40 (laborer), Rebecca 35, Elizabeth 14, Sarah 10, Emaline 6, Lydia 6/12. LOGAN: Hurley 30 (laborer), Louisa 22, William 1, Samuel Lewis 40 (stonemason), Rebecca 25, Wilamina 5, William H. 3, Abel 1. TOMKINS: Gideon 36 (stonemason), Elizabeth 34, Jesse 11, Anna A. 3, Cresson A. 1/12, Francis Haycock 30 (farmer), Alice 29, Charles 3, Anna Mary 2, Abby 2/12. MC DOWEL: Lewis 24 (laborer), Sarah 24, Edwin 1. HORSHAM TOWNSHIP 197

KIRK: Aaron 48 (farmer), Ann 43, Jacob 12, Edwin 9, Ste phen F. 8. R.E. $9500. EVANS: Aaron 27 (B) (laborer), Mary Ann 19 (B),EmaIine 5/12 (B). JARRETT: Charles 58 (merchant & farmer), Hannah M. 50, Rachel E. 23, Latltia T. 18, Elwood M. 16, Merchant M. 8, Emily Flack 24, William Montieth 23, (laborer), Samud Gilkeson 39 (blacksmith), George Krier 18 (bladcsmith). R.B. $120. KIRK: Jacob 65 (farmer), Jane Bradshaw 22, Elizabeth Biddle 12, Henry Stagner 49 (laborer). R.E. $16,210. PARNALL: Miles S. 24 (wheelwright), Mary 26, Charles R. 3/12, Samuel Radcliff 45 (laborer), Ann Radcliff 44. JARRETT; Jacob 61 (farmer), Ann 50, Thomas 22, William 20, Joseph 18, Jane T. 14, George 10, Susan 7, Jane Montieth 20, George Jacob W. Kirk 5/12. R.E. $9000. PAUL: Joseph 31 (farmer), Elizabeth 23, Susan 7/12, Aman da Claypole 10, Margaret Lewis 19, William Rohs 25 (laborer). R.E. $16,000. PENROSE: William 68 (farmer), Ann 38, Abel 33 (farmer), Hannah 30, John Iredell 13, Hannah Ann Iredell 10, Samuel Montieth 19 (laborer), Sarahann Paxson 19 (B). R.E. $27,500. KERBAUGH: Justus 62, Jane 69. MANN: Josiah 60 (farmer), Susanna M. 63, Samuel R. 36 (farmer), Margaret M. 29, Aaron 20 (school teacher), William S. 26 (farmer), Rachel 23, Robert Shannon 20 (laborer). R.E. $10,000. EISENBREY: Peter 39 (farmer), Bertha 29, Milton 7, ETnma 1/12, Sarah Bisbing 49, Elizabeth Bisbing 72, Martin Eisenbrey 18 (laborer), R.E. $10,000. MANN: Isaac 72 (farmer), Hannah R. 52, John H. 18 (farm er), Isaac, Jr. 16 (farmer), James 13, William Davidson 51 (laborer), Anna Mary Evans 22. R.E. $10,500. FISHER: Michael 30 (laborer), Anna Martha 27, Anna Catharine 1. 198 the united states census of 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

CARE: Joseph 49 (farmer), Mary 45, Franklin 20 (farmer), GJeorge Dicks 21 (laborer), Mary Hunsicker 19, Joseph Nere? 14. E.E. $5000. ASHTON: Henry 27 (farmer), Mary Grace 26, Ellen Eliza beth 6, Henry Jr. 4, Thomas Francis 2, Margaret 1/12, John Harrison 25 (laborer), Joanna 26, Rosina Black 18, R.E. $5000. LUKENS: Jacob 43 (farmer), Jane 40, Phoebe 15, Willet 13, Martha 12, Jonathan R. 8, Joseph R. 6, Elizabeth 3, Han nah W. 8/12. LUKENS: William 71 (farmer), Martha T. 71, Jonathan 46 (farmer), Charles 41 (farmer), William, Jr. 22 (farmer), Mary Ann 18, John M. 9, Charles, Jr. 7, Edwin 5, T. El- wood 2. R.E. $13,500. PALMER: William 61 (farmer), Cynthia Kelley 42, Mary Palmer 33, Charles Palmer 27 (farmer), Lewis Radcliff 14, Angeline More 16. R.E. $7000. MASLEN: William 25 (gardener), Ellen 25, George 4, William Jr. 2, Thomas 1/12. IREDELL: James 50 (none), Phebe 49, Jonathan, Jr. 11, Ann Hopkins 77. R.E. $8,000. BARNES: ANN 64, George Gearhart 25 (blacksmith), John Potts 19, John Gearhart 31 (carpenter), Mary Van Horn 66. R.E. $800. PHILIPS: Alfred 24 (farmer), Mary F. 20, Charles Packen- pine? 19 (laborer), William Hoffman 45 (laborer), Charles Cunningham 11. R.E. $8000. PALMER: George 66 (farmer), Charlotte 54, John 33, Mary 15, Edward 11, Matthias Lukens 19 (laborer), Maria Mar- stellar 15, Edward Marstellar 21 (shoemaker). R.E. $11,200. PALMER: Thomas 35 (farmer), Mary Jane 32, George 9, Ann Eliza 7, Charlotta 4, Edmond Cook 12. MANN: Charles S. 33 (farmer), Lucy Ann 26, Mary 1, Mary Boucher 56, William Potts 23 (laborer), William Willard 9. HOKSHAM TOWNSHIP 199

PAUL: Lukens 37 (farmer), Hannah 28, Elwood 10, Isabella 5, Thomas Biddle 47 (laborer), John Berry 19 (laborer), William Glyn 11, Ann McCann 18, Raehael Biddle 15, Susan Paul 63. R.E. $9700. LUKENS: Charles K, 39 (farmer), Ellen T. 31, Mary K. 13, Wilmer M. 10, George 6, Manuel Murray 18 (laborer), Thomas O'Rocherty 20 (laborer), Maria Morgan 20 (B), Anna Miller 6. R.E. $10,000. NICHOLAS: Jacob 53 (laborer), Esther 51, William 18, Henry 6, Sarah Evans? RADCLIFF: Randolph 29 (stonemason), Rebecca 23, George 3, Jacob 2, Tacy Jane 3/12, Jacob Boand? 57 (laborer). HEIST: Joseph G. 44 (farmer), Mary Ann 37, Joseph, Jr. 15, Sarah Ann 11, George A. 7, David 5. MOSS: John 37 (cooper), Christiana 33, Sophia 13, William 11, Sarah Elizabeth 7, Joel 4, James A. 3. HALLOWELL: William 36 (farmer), Tacy Ann 31, Anna 4, Hannah 1, Mary Riley 13, Esther Tomas? 19, Seipin Ailes 23 (B) (laborer), William Gordon 12. HEISLER: Issachar 47 (laborer), Sarah 37, Elias 5, Mary 3. PARK: David 60 (farmer), Mary 49, William S. 30 (laborer), David, Jr. 28 (laborer), Charles 6. R.E. $2700. LEFFERTS [LAFERT]: Simon 32 (farmer), Clarissa 28, John Doyle 14. R.E. $3700. OREM: James R. 39 (laborer), Mary Ann 34, Ann M. 15, Charles H. 12, Mary Elizabeth 5, Francis 1. R.E. $1000. WALTON: Joseph 52 (farmer), Rebecca 54, Ellen 19, Sidney M. 17, Comley 14, Ann Eliza 12. R.E. $5600. BARNES: Nathan C. 35 (tailor), Elizabeth A. 32, Mary G. 8, Joseph 7, Milford 4, William G. 2, Rebecca Jane 1/12. KENDERDINE; Sarah 71, Issachar 40 (laborer), Elizabeth 29, Jane 27, Elwood Holt 20, Amanda Kenderdine 12, Thomas C. Kenderdine 7. MICHENER: Thomas 71 (shoemaker), Sarah 70, James 66 (farmer & shoemaker), Rebecca 36. R.E. (JM) $1200. 200 united states census op 1860, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

PENROSE: Joseph 52 (laborer), Elizabeth 52, Charlotta FoUewitz 59. R.E. $1000. LUKENS: George 62 (fanner), Esther 53, Edwin Rich 6, R.E. $2000. TITUS: Jacob 40 (farmer), Elizabeth 27, Ellen 10, Elwood 8, Hannah 6, George 2. R.E. $3500. WALKER: Hugh 35 (stonemason), Margaret 38, William 9, Mary 5, James 1. MURRAY: James 67 (farmer), Ann C. 67, Frederic Virtue? 17 (laborer). R.E. $7200. WALKER: George 36 (laborer), Guilyelma 27, Mary 0. 8, William C. 5, Paul B. 2, Ann Virtue 56, Charles Virtue 28 (laborer). TYSON: Peter 50 (farmer), Sarah 47, Hannah Ann 24, Cath arine Fitzwater 69, Ellen Worrell 21, Stephen Murray 62 (laborer), Ruth Jones 49, Elizabeth Childs 60. R.E. $7500. COMLEY: Lukens 55 (farmer), Margaret 57, Amanda Fry 12 (B), Martha Hallowell 81. R.E. $6000. COX: John 60 (blacksmith), Jane 46. R.E. $2000. STEMPLE: Thomas 70 (farmer), Elizabeth 38, William Bid- die 12. R.E. $8000. STEMPLE: Thomas, Jr. 30 (farmer), Mary Ann 26, Hannah 1. IREDELL: John 50 (farmer), Ann 50, Mary Jones 29, Mary McBride 18, Henry Muchinicker? 50 (laborer). R.E. $10,700. NEETZ: William 37 (farmer), Esther 40, Amanda 15, Wil liam 13, Emma 11, Elizabeth 7, Louisa 4, George R. 16 (farmer). GREY: Samuel 48 (farmer), Sarah 30, Tacy 13, Mary 10, Jonathan 8, Hannah 5, Isabella 3. R.E. $5400. SHAY: Margaret 50, Charles 25 (farmer), Harriet 23, Mary Ann 21, George Carter 30 (laborer), Mary Shay 65. R.E. (CS) $5400. ROBERTS: Jesse 50 (farmer), Rachel 45, Samuel 12, Ann HOBSHAM TOWNOTrtP 201

Ambers 43, Margaret Buist? 13, Christian Breitzweit 20 (laborer). R.E. $5600. PENROSE: Jarrett 35 (farmer), Tacie Ann 28, Ellen 7, Eliz abeth K. 5, William 3, Patrick Sulivan 30 (laborer), Mary- Ann Sulivan 19, Margaret Daily 13. PALMER: Charles 62 (farmer), Elizabeth 55, Jonathan 27 (farmer), Thomas 18 (farmer), Lydia 18, William Palmer 12 (B). R.E. $8000. EATON: Elizabeth 74 (farmer), Mary Ann 41, Lydia Ann Claypole 13, Gainor Knight 87, Hannah Shoemaker 25. R.E. $2200. FULMORE: George 26 (miller & farmer), Elizabeth 25, Thomas L. 1, Andrew J. Lefferts 31 (stonemason), Sarah Lefferts 23, Elwood 5, Rachel Barnes 77. R.E. (GF) $2500. LUKENS: Isaac 50 (farmer), Martha 46, Sophia Stirer? 16, Anna Fry 12 (B), Richard Lukens 23 (laborer). R.E. $5000. WALTON: Elisha 49 (butcher), Mary 39, Emma 16, Sarah Ann 14, Benjamin F. 12, Mary L. 11, Harriet 8, Elizabeth 4. R.E. $1560. ALLEN: Abraham 48 (farmer), Hannah 36, Elwood 15, Pier- son 11, Theodore 2, Eliza Michener 28. LEAR: David 23 (laborer), Catharine 26, Charles 1. IREDELL: Jonathan, Sr. 84 (none), Charles P. 54 (farmer), George B. 53 (farmer), Anna 47, Rebecca Simmons 62. R.E. $11,000. STEMPLE: William 43 (farmer & sa-wyer), Sarah Lukens 36, Joseph Shoemaker 23 (sawyer). LOGAN: James 46 (laborer), Johanna 40, Elizabeth Ann 15, George 10. R.E. $400. JONES: John 60 (laborer), Elizabeth Ann 58. R.E. $470. WALTON: Jacob 50 (farmer), Hannah 48, Ellis 24, Isaiah 18, Phebe 15, Sarah Dewberry 45. R.E. $3600. WALTON: Sarah 50, Mary Ann 30. R.E. $700. 202 UNITED STATES CENSUS OP 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

COOPER: Rachel52,Henry 60 (laborer), James50 (laborer). R.E. $1200. ELY: Gilbert 45 (farmer), Sarah 44, Hannah 20, Joshua 16, Rebecca 12, Ehvood 7, Louisa 3, William 76. WEEKLAND [WHEATLAND]: Elijah 36 (butcher), An- geline 32, Harriet 5, Elwood 3, Sarah Ann 1. WATSON: Henry 68 (farmer), Hannah 58, Allen 31, Rebecca 30, Monroe 4, Jerome 2, Lamar 6/12, John F. ? 15, Joshua Watson 59 (carpenter), Hannah W. Davis 14. R.E. $6880. IREDELL: Jonathan 44 (farmer), Sarah 43, Elizabeth L, 20, John B. 18 (farmer), Lydia Ann 16, Hannah K. 13, Wil liam P. 8, Daniel W. 7, Rebecca Barnes 66, John Chester 65 (B) (laborer). R.E. $7000. COMLEY: Daniel 40 (farmer), Catharine 40, Lukens 15, Nathan 12, Catharine 9, Tacy 1, Joseph McKey 25 (labor er) , Bridget Commens 17. R.E. $6375. WALTON: Isaac P. 54 (laborer), Margaret 50, Catharine 12, Margaret 10, Anna Maria 7, Emma 3, Lloyd H. 18 (laborer). R.E. $800. WINEKOOP [WYNKOOP]: Elizabeth 72, Jane Murray 62, Elizabeth Hawkins 24, James Winekoop 32 (farmer), Ann Ellen 28. R.E. $500. PARKS: Samuel 50 (farmer), Julianna 67, Edwin 14, Cath arine Hanlin? 21. R.E. $5600. TWINING: Hallowell 26 (farmer), Jane 22, Fanny 1, Jane Grayham 19, James Wallace 20 (laborer), Parker White 30 (B) (laborer), William Rice 13, (B). WALKER: Samuel 27 (miller & farmer), Louisa 25, Lloyd 5, Comley 2. R.E. $3000. JARRETT: Gainor 70 (farmer), Elizabeth 34, Rebecca 31, David 28 (farmer), Morris 24 (farmer), William Rabb 12. R.E. $7520. MALOY: John 49 (tailor), Gainor 48, Azor 24 (laborer), Sarah Elizabeth 11, Hannah Margaret 9, Israel 6, Chalkley 5. R.E. $800. HORSHAM TOWNSHIP 203

THOMAS: John 28 (laborer), Elizabeth 22, Daniel 6, George 4, Margaret 2. R.E. $200. LUKENS: Susan 50, Hannah 44, David Lloyd 70 (none), Martha Lukens 30, Jonathan Lukens 28 (drover), Richard L. 23 (tailor), Jane Walker 28 (school teacher). R.E. (SL) $1600 (DL) $7000 (JL) $100. SMITH: Jerris S. 45 (merchant & Physician), Sarah 43, Charles N. 16, Thomas P. 13, Samuel 10, Oliver 6, Robert 2, Elizabeth Parry 70, Lydia S. Braddock 29. R.E. $2000. SHOEMAKER: John 57 (saddler), Elizabeth 58, Martha 22. R.E. $800. TERRY: John S. 50 (carpenter), Martha 42, Emma Jane 17, George 9, Letty 6, Helen 4. WATSON: Howard 27 (blacksmith), Catharine 25, Elwood 2, Franklin 1/12, Catharine Vandegrift 16, Edward Van- horn 19 (blacksmith), Joseph Sands 16 (blacksmith). R.E. $2500. VANARTSDALEN: Edmund 43 (wheelwright), Mary Ann 40, Elizabeth 21, Emily 10, Ellen 5, Angeline 5/12, WU- liam Lewis 18 (wheelvpright), Austin Walton 16 (wheel wright). R.E. $3000. MICHENER: Absalom 50 (merchant), Esther 47, Rebecca H. 26, Rachel W. 23, Deborah 19, Elwood 16 (merchant), Lenora L. E. Holbert 10. R.E. $6000. HALLOWELL: John 53 (laborer), Deborah 46, Caroline 13. FESMIRE: Thomas 46 (farmer), Mary 45, Thomas R. 20, Horace 15, Hannah 11, William H. 8, Barton 5, Hannah Johnson 26. R.E. $5000. DAVIS: Morris 25 (farmer), Tacy 25, Hannah P. 2, Samuel P. 1, Eliza Silvey 8, Mary Coines? 30. RUSH: Thomas 48 (laborer), Mary 46, Ellen 16, Charles 14, Eliza 10, Rachel 8, Samuel 5, Margaret 2. JARRETT: Jonathan Sr. 62 (none), Hannah 55, Jane Virtue? 22, William Riddle 83 (farmer), Rachel 33, John 4, Mary 204 ™B UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1860, MONTGOMEBY COUNTY

Ann 1, Charles Followell 21 (laborer), Joseph Biddle 10, Hannah Myers 80. R.E. $10,900. HEISLER: Jacob 87, Sarah 80. Whole Number of Population —1336 (Male 690, Female 646) Attended school within the year — 296 All persons born in Pennsylvaniawith the following exceptions: Bom in GERMANY YOUNG, Hugh AYRES, Conner ALLEN, Catharine SAUSEY, James FORD, Mary SMITH, Michael FRECK, John HUGHS, Ellen SUTTER, Jacob CLERK, Peter Magdelene VANTIETH, Martha GREGGER, John MONTIETH, Elizabeth SCHAFFER, John MONTIETH, Rebecca PFANDER, Phillip KELLEY, Maria Catharine MONTIETH, William STETSER, Aman MONTIETH, Jane Mary MONTIETH, Samuel MANFIELD, Jacob SHANNON, Robert KAUFFMAN, John HARRISON, John ZOOK, Theodore Joanna FISHER, Michael BLACK, Rosina Anna Martha BERRY, John DICKS, George MC CANN, Ann VIRTUE, Frederic O'ROCHERTY, Thomas MUCHINICKER, Henry MC BRIDE, Mary CARTER, George SULIVAN, Patrick BREITZWEIT, Christian JONES, John Elizabeth Ann Bom in IRELAND MC KEY, Joseph KELLEY, Eliza COMMENS, Bridget CASHMAN, Michael HANLIN, Catherine MC FE, Alexander GRAYHAMS, Jane HOBSHAH TOWKSHIP 205

Born in FRANCE Thomas H. Caroline EICHENLAUB, Henry Cjrrus HERRMAN, Henry Edward BRIAN, Catharine Born in ENGLAND HOWELL, Sarah JOHNSON, Mary W. FACTOR, MatUda ROWE, John A. FOLOWELL, Pamela Fanny CUNNINGHAM, Charles Joseph W. LEFFERTS, Clarissa SPERRY, Sarah B. GREY, Samuel MASLEN, William CHESTER, John Ellen SMITH, Samuel George Oliver P. WEEKLAND, Elijah Robert Elizabeth Born in Wales BRADDOCK, Lydia S.

MORGAN, Elenor Bom in DELAWARE HUGHS, Jane THOMAS, John WALLER, Esther

Born in WEST INDIES Born in OHIO ASHTON Henry SUMMERS, Elizabeth Mary Grace Ellen Elizabeth Born in MARYLAND Henry, Jr. EVANS, Amos Thomas Francis BARNES, Elizabeth A. MASLEN, William, Jr.

Born in NEW YORK Born in HERRMAN, Sarah Ann FORD, Jonathan Isabella WATSON, Jane George LONGSTRETH, Hannah CORNWALL, Elizabeth Free Inhabitants in Pottstown Borough in the County of Montgomery State of Pennsylvania According to the Census of 1850 Edw. S. Davies Aug. 26 to September 9, 1850 R.E. — value of real estate owned East Ward EVAN: William D. 32 (merchant), Mary Jane 30, Louis P. 2, William S. Young 18 (clerk), Ann Mitchell 30 (M), Archibald Mitchell 2 (M). R.E. ?5000. ECKERT: Andrew 66 (tobacconist), Mary 70, John 42 (car penter) , Sarah 42, Anna 10, Mary 6, Sarah 4, Catharine 2. R.E. (AE) $1000 (JE) $5000. MINTZER: Sarah 56, Fred S. Mintzer 25 (merchant), Mar garet Leader 27, John F. Tobias 25 (physician), Sarah J. Tobias 21, John Koplin 25 (merchant), Thomas Wal ters 21 (engineer), Sally Mintzer 18. R.E. (SM) $2500 (FSM) $200. MISSIMER: Jacob 47 (clerk) MINTZER: Joseph 27 (merchant), Elizabeth 26, Mary 3, Clayton 1. R.E. $500, STREEPER: Jacob D. 26 (printer), Elizabeth J. 27, Anna 3, Ella 1, Lewis Davis 19 (assistant), William 18 (asist- ant), John Edelman 17 (assistant), John R. Weaver 22 (Jour'n. Printer), Mary Laver 22, Catharine Stinemetz 60. ENGLE: Henry 28 (shoe dealer), Mary Ann 37, Eugene (?) 4, Alice 6, Rebecca May 60. BUNTING: Miller 27 (machinist), Wesley Boyer 33 (hatter), Henrietta Trainer 26, Elizabeth Keeler 22.

206 POTTSTOWN BOROUGH 207

POTTS: Joanna 63, Julia 52, Catharine McGartley 62, Emily R. Potts 21, Bridget Conly 23. R.E. (JP) ?2000. GEIST: Henry 49 (coal dealer), Margaret 52, Catharine 18. R.E. $1500. KULP: Jacob 26 (coal dealer), Maria 24, Henry 4, Emma 2. R.E. $1000. BICKEL: Josiah 26 (tinsmith), Matilda 20, Peter G. Mowry 19 (apprentice), Zepharia Barnhart 23 (Jour'n. tin smith). R.E. $200. WELLS: Sam'l G. 30 (blacksmith), Susannah 26, Mary Sabina 3, Reuben Fegely 21 (blacksmith). YOHN:: John 37 (wheelwright), Sarah 36, Philip 12, Jacob 10, Joseph 8, Mary 5, Francis Auchey 19 (wheelwright), Margaret Frickes 63. R.E. (JY) $2000 (1^) $1000. WELLS: Edmond 53 (none), Susanna 59, Margaret 26. R.E. $5000

BECHTEL: John 29 (clerk), Leah 25, Catharine Young 15, Sarah 13, Daniel Bechtel 8, Augustus 7, John 6, James W. 5. R.E. $400. RUTTER: John P. 53 (clerk), Emily 46, Sarah Potts 75, Emily Rutter 22, William C. 25 (clerk), John P., Jr. 11, Maria Higgins 21. R.E. (JPR) $2000 (SP) $2000 SNYDER: Antes 44 (engineer), Mary B. 24, Amelia J. 1. POTTS: Sarah 39, Sallie 20 (teacher), Edward 14, Mary Leaf 15, YOST: Jacob S. 42 (none), Mary H. 33, Mary Harrington 50, Jacob 14, Anna H. 9, Eliza Childs 59, Catharine Maher 45, Bridget Shean 25. R.E. $3000. FILLMAN: James 34 (carpenter), Maria 27, Anna M. 10, Eliza 8, Montgomery 6, Sarah A. 2, Silas Mattis 20 (car penter) . R.E. $2200. 208 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

BERTOLET: Hester 53, Catharine Gilbert 44. R.B. $3500. MISSIMER: Frederick S. 32 (Wood Inspector, R.R.), Sarah 30, John Clampit 12, Joseph H. Missimer 1, Martha Mur phy 28. R.E. $2000. REINARD: Catharine 43, Christian 87 (none), Mary 86, Sarah Jones 60. R.E. $2600. WEASNER: George 46 (shoemaker), Elizabeth 49, R.E. $1000. SWINEHART: George 47 (teamster), Hannah 43, Mary 18, John 16, Sarah 11. R.E. $2000. WILDERMUTH: Levi 36 (Brass founder), Mary A. 33, Hiram 14, Abraham 3. EBACK [IBACH] William 37 (blacksmith), Sarah 28, Eme- line 15, Hiram 13, Abraham 6, Charles 4. R.E. $2000. WHEELAN: Sarah 70, Roda Thomas 24 (B). R.E. $1000. KBPNER: John 72 (laborer), Mary 63, Margaret 45, Susan 42. CRUSOYS: Thomas 55 (none), Sarah 56, Margaret Maglan 18. R.E. $250. BRANT: Samuel R. 31 (laborer), Carolina 30, Milton 6, Emma C. 1. R.E. $600. RICHARDSON: Joseph C. 35 (clerk), Susan E. 26, Susan Mclnlyre 46. SHARON [SHERRON] : William 38 (laborer), Rebecca 33, William 17 (none), Theodosia 10, Sarah 7, George 3. WICKS: John R. 36 (supt. R.R.R), Harriet 33, William 9, Horace 7, Newton 5, Emma M. 3, Anna 1, Anna Eagle 50. R.E. $1260. POTTS: Henry 53 (iron master), Isabella M. 51, George H. 12, Sarah 30, Henry, Jr. 17 (none), Isabella H. 14, Mar garet Cranan 19. R.E. $6000. POTTSTOWN BOROUGH 209

SAXTON: Edw. C. 40 (blacksmith), Susan 36, Edward 12, Susan 10. MISSIMER: George 51 (none), Susan 51, Frederick 30 (boat man), Sarah 28, Henry 25 (boatman), Elizabeth 23, George 21, Susannah 18, Mary 16, Rebecca 14, Emeline 11, Emma 6, Ellen 3, R.E. $2000. MISSIMER: Manoah 40 (teacher), Hannah 38, Elizabeth 12, Huzinga (f.) 10, Sylvester 8, Manoah 6, Rensalier 3. BINKHAM: John 32 (boatman), Mary 34, Margaret 6, Augus tus 4, John 2, Arthur 1. SPOTTS: David 27 (blacksmith), Hester 27, George 2. NEIDE: Joseph 43 (none), Rebecca 37, Horace 12, Carroll 10, Samuel J. 8, Alice 6, Martha J. 4, Ann K. 2, Sarah Draper 20 (M), Anna B. Miller 12 (B). R.E. $6000. HOBART: Rob't. E. 54 (none), Henrietta 35, Anna 56, Sarah 52, Sarah 12, William 14, Eliza 10, John N. 5, Henrietta 3, Anna 1. R.E. (AH) $4000. CLAY: Charles 56 (farmer), Maria 55, Edmund Leaf 32 (Epis'l Clergyman), Harriet 28, Hannah M. Clay 21, George H. Clay 19 (law student), Charles Geiger 11. R.E, $10,000. GILBERT: John 50 (blacksmith), Hester 44, John 12, Milton 9, Emeline 7, Percival 5, Augustus 1. BICKEL: Sarah 35 (widow), Matilda 10, Mary F. 9, Nat haniel 7, Catharine 5, Albert 3. HARTRANFT: Henry 54 (Inn keeper), Mary 52, Henry 24 (laborer), David 19 (laborer), Mary A. 17, Sarah 15, Amelia 13, Elizabeth 11. R.E. $1500. HARTRANFT: Levi 34 (laborer), Mary A. 30, Emeline 9, Daniel 7, Hannah 5, Rebecca 2. RHODES: Michael 27 (laborer), Julia 29. 2X0 XJNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1860, MONTGOMEEY COUNTY

BOYEE: Philip 49 (plasterer), George 21 (plasterer), Ben jamin 17, Sarah Bean 21, Edward Gettins 1. EIGHTMYER [REITMYER]: Fred W. 48 (brickmaker), Sarah 47, Daniel 20 (brickmaker), Mary 18, Jonathan 10, Anna 7, Sarah 3. R.E. $4000. LAYER: Abraham 51 (laborer), Christianna 43, Sarah 19, Christianna 10. R.E. $700. FLICK: Jacob 42 (carpenter), Margaret 36, Gotleab 15, Charlotte 10, John 8, Louisa 8, Margaret 5, Daniel 3. R.E. $1200. RIGHTMYER: Henry 24 (brickmaker), Maria 22, Jacob 1. WELLS: Samuel 38 (clerk), Elizabeth D. 36, Edwin 12, Anna M. 9, Elmira 6, Fannie 1. HALDEMAN: Joshua 23 (carpenter), Sarah 22. CHILDS: Charles 25 (brickmaker), Elizabeth 21, Sarah 2. HOCKLEY: Samuel 54 (laborer), Margaret 52, Amelia 18, Ellen 14, Englebert 23 (laborer), Arthur 19 (laborer), Sarah 3. R.E. $800. DETWEILER: Abel 26 (laborer), Sarah 21, Fayette 3, Joseph S. 1. R.E. $600. LEAF: Hannah 41, Elizabeth 10, William 9, Hobart 8. HENRY: John 26 (B) (laborer), Ann 28 (B). SOUBER: Samuel 32 (laborer), Saloma 26, Henry 5, David 2. R.E. $800. DAVIS: Amos 30 (plasterer), Catharine 23. SEIBEL: Joel 27 (cabinet maker), Mary 24, David 4, Amanda 2. HOOD: Henry 27 (cooper), Catharine 26, Nathaniel 7, Wil liam 4, Amanda 1. GILBERT: Margaret 55, Elizabeth Morris 28. R.E. $600 POTTSTOWN BOROUGn 211

BOYER: Philip 62 (none), Sarah 60, Emma Wiser 18, Jacob Oldhouser 12. R.E. $6000. HOCKLEY: Mary 62, Martha 84, Elizabeth Stetler 25, Lewis Dieroff 15. R.E. $10,000. RIGG: William G. 31 (merchant), Mary 29, Frances E. 9, Joseph H. 7, William P. 5, John L. 2. R.E. $1200. KULP: Jacob 58 (laborer), Margaret 58. R.E. $1000. WEIGAND: William 28 (laborer), Rebecca 20, Mary A. 1. HOUSBERGER: John 59 (stonecutter), Elizabeth 56, Sarah 30, Elizabeth 24, Julyann Lesher 8. R.E. $2500. BLACK: John 50 (laborer), Mary 49, Henry 24 (laborer). EDELMAN: Isaac 50 (shoemaker), Christiana 53, Isaac 21 (shoemaker), Maria 17, Mary 14, William 12, Mary 24, Allen 2, Susanna Sechler 83, Edward Edelman 24 (Shoemaker). BERTOLET: Hester 33 (manteia (lace)maker), Margaret 35. SAYLOR: Albert 23 (clerk,) Mary 23. R.E. $1400. HOUSEL: Hiram 26 (moulder), Charlotte 23, Alice 0. 2. CONELY: Agnes 67. R.E. $1000. BEAN: Jacob 37 (laborer), Mary 32, Peter 7, Joseph 6, Mag- dalena 5, William 4, Martha 2, Elizabeth 1. CASSELBERRY: Richard 50 (tanner), Elizabeth 48, John W. 27 (butcher), Louisa J. 19, Jesse 18, Catharine A. 15, Marmaduke B. 13, R.E. $2500. WEAND: David 37 (Grocer), John 47 (Grocer), Matilda 33, Amelia 11, Milton 8, John 7, Sarah 3, Elizabeth Shuler 62, John Reifsnider 23 (carpenter), Catharine Harley 18. R.E. (DW) $1250 (JW) $1800 HOBART: John H. 40 (lawyer), Mary J. 35, Robert E. 12, William M. 10, David R. 5, John H. 2. 212 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

REIFSNIDER; Amos 55 (teamster), Sarah 50, Sarah Shultz 14. R.E. $1600. SMITH: John 74 (tailor), Mary 65, Violetta McKain 25, Theodore McKain 7. RICHARDS: George 62 (none), Sarah Mathias 65, Mark W. Richards 24 (printer), Sophia 15, Annie 10, Rosanna Laver 21. R.E. $8000. SMITH: William 31 (merchant), Charlotte 29, Irwin 7, Sarah 5, Mary J. 2. R.E. $4000. HARTRANFT: Jacob 31 (merchant), Hester 27. BROOKE: Bonyer (?) 44 (conductor, R.R.R.), Rebecca 40, Jacob 11, Mary 13, Sarah 3, Rebecca 1, Mary A. Mals- berger 15. MARCH: Joshua 31 (plasterer), Lucy A. 30, Mary C. 2. R.E. $600. WEBER: Dewalt 36 (engineer), Mary 30. ROMANS: William 30 (machinist), Jane 34, John 5, Alice 4. rVES; Jesse 78 (none), Charles Rutter 39, Mary 37, William 14, Elizabeth 12, Samuel 10, Mariell 5, Annie 3, Rebecca Reifsnider 25. R.E. $16,000. MISSIMER: Nathaniel 52 (grocer), Susanna 48, Henry 26 (grocer), William 18 (grocer), Rebecca 15, Jacob 14. R.E. $4500. FOREMAN: John 27 (Supt'd, R.R.R.), Catharine 26, George 4, John 2. R.E. $1000. FRITZ: Daniel 45 (carpenter), Mary 41, Margaret 23, John G. 22 (carpenter), Elizabeth A. 20, Mary M. 18, Amelia C. 12, Levi J. 10, Cecelia 6. FEGELY: William M. 27 (millwright), Maria 27, Amanda 3, Sarah A. 1, Sarah Jones 60. R.E. $800. POTTSTOWN BOROUGH 213

CHRISTIAN: Henry 37 (conductor, R.R.R.), Maiy A. 33, George 10, John 9, Henry 1. R,E. $1200. YEAGER: Joseph E. 29 (blacksmith), Matilda 23, Mason M. 1. WOOD: James 30 (machinist), Eliza 21, Ellen 22, Ellen 1, LESSIG: Christian 37 (blacksmith), Juliann 31, Adam 9, Michael 6, Charles M. 3, Mathias Yergey 84 (none). R.E. $1500. CLAY: James 36 (wheelwright), Margaret 35, Lavinia 13, Alban 9, Clementine 6, Elmira 4, Eliza A. 2. KELLY: John 30 (carpenter), Bridget 28, William H. 3, Patrick 15, R.E. $300. DONELLY: John 28 (fireman, R.R.), Sarah 26, Sarah 2, James Grace 35 (laborer), James M. Crough 27 (stone cutter). R.E. $300. LACEY: Joseph 51 (furnace builder), Mary 42, William H. 7, Zachary 2, Camilla Longnecker 19. HANLEY: William 30 (conductor, R.R.), Rachel 29, Eliza Ann Sands 17, Samuel Hanly 8, Catharine 7, William 4, Englebert 2. WATSON: John 34 (conductor, R.R.), Isabella 24, Eliza J. 1, Samuel McKane 28 (none), Eliza Mattick 22. LIGHTCAP: Samuel 32 (engineer), Mary 24, Ellen 5, John 1. WYLIE: Charles 38 (laborer), Sarah 29, Lucretia 13, Sarah 12, William 9, Mary 7, Ellen 4, George 2, Annie Boyer 13. R.E. $1000. HENDRICKS: Davis 29 (axe maker), Mary A. 27, Juliann 2, Henrietta Shaner 28. R.E. $1200. IRWIN: Isaac 33 (heaterer), Catharine 36, Ann E. 9, Mary W. 6, William J. 5, Catharine 3, Isaac M. 1. R.E. $1000. 2X4 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

LIGGETT: William 30 (laborer), Ellen 33, Rebecca 4, George 1. E.E. $700. POTTS: Rebecca J. 47, Harriet B. 25, Mary R. 20, Joseph M. 17 (clerk). BOYER: Frederick 39 (laborer), Susan 33, John Boyer 11, James 6. R.E. $1150. RIDER?: Luther 26 (laborer), Sarah A. 26, Oatis W. 2, Peter 24 (watchman), George W. Brown 25 (laborer). HISSEY?: Luther 26 (puddler), Mary Ann 24, Emily 1. SIDES?: James 24 (heaterer), Mary Ann 20, Anne E. 2. R.E. $500. SAUNDERS: Amos 30 (laborer), Susanna 27, Mary 4, Sarah R. 1. LONGABACK: George 37 (laborer), Maria 41, Elizabeth 11, Ellen 9, Mary 5. R.E. $500. BIGKEL: Frederick 33 (chandler), Jane 28, Margaret 4, Anna 7/12, Martha Jones 20. R.E. $3000. RENINGER: George 49 (laborer), Catharine 55, Elizabeth 15, Johannes 12. MOYER: George 27 (blacksmith), Elizabeth 24, Mary A. 4/12. R.E. $250. HENSEL: Samuel 29 (laborer), Susanna 20, John E. 3/12. ZEIGLER: Jacob 60 (laborer), Susan 48, John 14. SKEEN: David 34 (laborer), Mary A. 29, Maria 9, Elizabeth 8, Rhinehart 8. DANA?: Anthony 35 (carpenter), Margaret 32, Catharine 12, Maria 9, Joseph 5, John 4, Elizabeth 10/12. R.E. $400. BROWN: Patrick 28 (carpenter), Catharine 28, Margaret 7, John 3. R.E. $400. GANNON: Michael 26 (laborer), Ann 27, Michael 4, Mary 2. POTTSTOWN BOROUGH 215

FRYER: Henry 53 (millwright), Rebecca 38, Mary Ann 11, Catharine A. 9, Harriet 2. SPANG: Adam 75 (millstone maker), Catharine 65, Henry 23 (laborer), Catharine 19. R.E. $2000. AUCHEY: Charles 43 (teamster), Lydia 44, John 15, Henry 13, Lydia 10, James 10. R.E. $1400. MEYERS: Peter 34 (foreman, Roll mill), Sarah 28, Elizabeth A. 8, Sarah J. 7, Ellen S. 5, Franklin 3, Rebecca 5/12. R.E. $3000. NYMAN [NEIMAN] : Isaiah 35 (boatman), Sarah 28, Wil liam 4, Susanna 2. PEARSON: Simon 30 (machinist), Elizabeth 27, Joseph 1. WEISS: Daniel 53 (bottler), Catharine 51, Susanna 18, James 15, Hannah 12. JACOBS: James H. 35 (cabinet maker), Elizabeth 35, Oliver 15, Phebe A. 11, Richard 6, Lydia 4, William 2/12. R.E. $1000. BECHTEL: Joshua 41 (tobacconist), Sarah 41, Emily 16, Effie 14, Mary 9, Sarah 7, Alice 4, Elizabeth 1. SHUNK: Jesse 30 (carpenter), Mary A. 25, Elizabeth 3, Mary Burns 63. GEIST: Richard 51 (laborer), Rachel 50, Benjamin 23 (car penter), Edmond 20, Charles 16, John 13, Ann 11. LESSIG: Michael 65 (laborer), Mary 66, Elizabeth 43, Chris tian Bechtel 11, Valentine Rimby 45 (laborer), R.E. (ML) $500 (VR) $900. ZERN: Isaac 34 (teamster), Sarah 30, Jacob 13, Sarah 6. R.E. $1200. OBENSHINE: Rebecca 53. WELLS: Sarah 65, Ruth A. 25. R.E. $1600. CONNER: Joseph 28 (puddler), Hannah D. 28. 216 the united states census op 1860, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

SMALLSHEFFER: George 47 (laborer), Hannah 41, John 5, Gotleab 2. DETWILER: Jesse 33 (laborer), Rachel 26, B. Franklin 9, Lotta 0. 8. GREENE: James 29 (carpenter), Mary 25, Mary A. 2. MISSIMER: James 32 (laborer), Catharine R. 24, William 3, Lucinda 2, Emma 7/12. LESSIG: Michael, Jr. 38 (laborer), Harriet 32, William 13, Mary 11, Englebert 8, Elizabeth 5, Christian 1. ROCK: Daniel 28 (laborer), Charlotte 25. GARBER: Francis 34 (carpenter), Sophia 28, Emma 8, Phebe 5, Francis 2. SWENCK [SWENK] : Henry 48 (laborer), Mary 51, Char lotte 20, Hannah 16, Rebecca 14, Aaron 14, Sarah A. 6. R.E. $700. YERGEY: Jacob G. 25 (carpenter), Mary 25, John H. 4, Sam uel 1. DAVIS: Edward 33 (iron founder), Mary 25, Harry 3, Ed ward 1. R.E. $2500. COFFIN: Sarah A. 27, George 1, Margaret Hallowell 19. POTTS: Joseph, Jr. 29 (clerk), Annie 29, Henry 4, Emily 1. R.E. $2500. WELLS: Joshua 29 (tailor), Ann M. 27, Eliza L. 10, Anna J. 7, Emma B. 3, Mary P. 2, Margaret Graham 19, Charles Chrisman 18 (apprentice Tailor), Paul Stack (apprentice tailor), Eliza Baly 17 (B). EVANS: Abner 48 (lumber merchant), Anna M. 27, George 1, Catharine Davidheizer 19. R.E. $5000. SHANER: Henry 28 (carpenter), Amelia 31, Amanda 2, Wil liam 11. R.E. $700. POTTISTOWN BOROUGH 217

LOYD: Samuel 37 ,(axe maker), Catharine 35, Sarah A. 12, Washington 15, Lydia A. 9, James 6, Samuel 3. R.E. $800. CORBETT: John 24 (shoemaker), Ellen 18, Fanny A. 2. CLARKE: Mary 75, Catharine Mentz 72, Elizabeth Root 32, Margaret Clarke 30, Caroline Gibson 17, Howard 7, Mar garet 14. R.E. $500. MALSBERGER: Henry 25 (butcher), Mary 26, Martha 1. REIFSNIDER: Thomas 51 (carpenter), Catharine 43, George 12, Henry 10, Amelia 7. BEAN: Benjamin 30 (laborer), Rebecca 35, Eliza 2, John 2/12, Ellen Malsberger 7. GEIGER: Joseph 27 (blacksmith), Lavina 29, Washington 4, Jacob 2, Elizabeth Bean 16. R.E. $700. CROOKS: George R. 28 (M.E. Clergyman), Susan F. 27, Rob- bert M. 2, Harriet Freas 19. FRYER: William 26 (laborer), Catharine 22. FISHER: Jonas 37 (machinist), Henrietta 37, Sarah A. 13, Martha 10, Rebecca 1. R.E. $800. HUGHS: John 32 (teamster), Eliza 34, Sarah 6, Henry 5, Jacob 4. R.E. $700. KINKINGER: Philip 61 (laborer), Eliza 42, Sarah 16, Ab salom 14, Sydney A. 12, Harriet 9, Anetta 7, Amos 5, Davis 1. R.E. $1200. ROBERTS: Allen 35 (laborer), Hester 23. DAVIS: Samuel 35 (plasterer), Harriet 36, Amos 8. R.E. $1250. DAVIS: David 34 (trader), Sophia 34, Oliver A. 12, William W. 10, Wilmer A. 3. MISSIMER: Joshua Y. 63 (constable), Lydia 50, Horace 22 (laborer), Harry 17, Sarah 12, Elizabeth 10, Ann 8. R.E. $1400. 218 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1860, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

EISENHOWER: Elizabeth 50, John 30 (laborer), Jacob 20 (conductor). EOWEN: John L. 40 (justice), Rachel 42, William E. 14, Sarah J. 9, Agnes R. 7, Charles W, 3. R.E. $1000. 2ALLER: ? Isaac N. 35 (clerk), Rachel 34, Jonathan W. 12, Elizabeth M. 10, John E. 8, Emma A. Wills 7, Elizabeth M. Wills 26. PILMAN: Jacob 61 (weaver), Sarah 62, Amanda Ruth 8. R.E. $700. SEBASTIAN: Jane 91 (M), Sarah Steele 33 (M). R.E. $1000. PAGER: Hiram 29 (machinist), Mary 29, Thomas W. 4, Letitia 1. R.E. $800. ROBERTS: George 65 (weaver), Rebecca 60, Lewis 28 (lab orer), Margaret 16. LIGHTGAP: Sarah 55. R.E. $1500. FRITZ: Mary 67, Hannah 24. PILMAN: Margaret 54, Josiah 24 (laborer), Frederick 22 (laborer), Rachel 20, George 17 (laborer), Jacob 14. PILMAN: William 28 (boatman), Sarah 22, Louisa Varley 8, R.E. $1200. FRYER: John 60 (sexton), Christian 55, Henry 24, Evan 8. SAYLOR: Isaac 31 (laborer), Leah 26, Mary J. 1, Elizabeth Mauger 25. R.E. $800. JONES: Hiram C. 28 (blacksmith), Lydia 26, William H. 6, Anna M. 2. VARLEY: Lewis 62 (laborer), Hannah 53, Edward 25 (labor er) , Augustus 21 (laborer), Lewis 17, Harriet 13, Juliann 12, Hannah Detweiler 3, Henry Detweiler 1, R.E. $600. FRYER: Philip 77 (none), John Griffith 45 (laborer), Lydia 41, Mary E. 17, Ellen 11, Eliza 9, Sarah A. 2. R.E. $500. POTTSTOWN BOROUGH 219

MELON: James 38 (carpenter), Eliza 15, Rebecca 18, William 13, Hester 10, Amanda 8. MAUGER: Charles 78 (stonemason), Christina 50, Elizabeth 25. R.E. $800. CLARKE: Hester 35, Thomas 10, Charles 7, Mary 5, Lucinda 2. BALEY; Bayard 27 (B) (laborer), Hester 28 (B), Elizabeth 11(B), Georgianna 9 (B), Edward 7 (B). PETERMAN: Amos 52 (laborer), Sarah 50. RUPP: Michael 55 (laborer), Jacob 26, Catharine 30, Sarah F. 3. HENNINGER: Henry 52 (M) (laborer), Sarah 45 (M), Henry 19 (M) (laborer), John 16 (M), Catharine 14 (M), Sarah 11 (M), Anderson 9 (M), Thomas 6 (M), Cathar ine Jackson 75 (M). R.E. (CJ) $100. LEADER: Charles 50 (carpenter), Mary Ann 50, Elizabeth 27, Sarah A. 22, David H. 16, Mary Ann 14, Lavina 12, Vermont H. 10, Hannah C. 8, Isabella Houpt 4. R.E. $1000. BROOKE: Isaac 38 (laborer), Mary 32. HEILICH: John 20 (laborer), Harriet 19. FRYER: Reuben 31 (cooper), Mary 31, Josiah 7. TRIMBLE: Phebe 50, Samuel 32 (laborer), Hannah 25, Augustus 18 (tailor). LESHER: William 51 (painter), Elizabeth 46, John Mals- berger 19 (laborer). R.E. $800. LESHER: Robert 29 (painter), Mary 23, Ellen 9, William 7. R.E. $800. HEILICH; Edward 36 (laborer), Matilda 28, James E. 7, Catharine M. 3. 220 XJNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

MISSIMER: Jacob 32 (carpenter), Mary M. 31, Matilda 7, Joseph 2, Catharine 50, Catharine 18, Isabella 15. BOYER: Charles 50 (laborer), Mary 34, Catharine 16, Louisa 14, Ann 13, Sarah 11, Michael 9, Charles 7, Esther 5, Ellen 2. LEADER: George 29 (Boatman), Elizabeth 20, Clara 1. R.E. $600. LEADER: Jacob 58 (laborer), Elizabeth 57, Elizabeth 19, Sarah 16, Isaac 24 (laborer). FLOUER?: Richard 30 (axe maker), Ellen 25, Zedekiah 6, William 4, Edward 2, Abby A. Curry 11. SWENCK: Henry, Jr., 27 (laborer), Rachel 27, Sarah A. 10/12. LEH: William 42 (watchmaker), Emeline 29, Augusta 5, An- dora 2, Catharine E. Lesher 4/12. R.E. $3000. STEELE: J. Dulton 40 (engineer), Elizabeth C. 40, Thomas 9, Annie 5, Elizabeth 3, Edith 4/12, Sarah Jenkinson 9, Thomas Cox 14. R.E. $2500. WATSON: William 25 (gardener), Susan 22, Margaret Mc- Michael 19. MINTZER: William 33 (merchant), Rebecca 33, George 6, William 1, Sarah Nyman 22. R.E. $10,000. MINTZER: Elizabeth 35, Taylor 7, Amanda 5, Annie 3, Eliza beth 1. PRUTZMAN: Isaiah 32 (stonemason), Elizabeth 24, Sarah 4, Mary 2. TROUTMAN: Jacob 35 (boatman), Harriet 30, Henry 4, Jacob 2, Sally Eisenhouer 50. McKINNEY: Magdalena 12, Leah 22, William Yocum 12, Evan Evans 65 (laborer), Mary 66, Elizabeth 31, Mary 29, Paul R. 27 (carpenter), Lewis 25 (carpenter), Thomas Hellin 23 (engineer), Sarah 24, John Mendenhall 25 (blacksmith). R.E. (PRE) $700. DUNN: John 35 (laborer), Alice F. 35, Bridget 5, Edward 6/12. SHELTON: Robert 63 (laborer), Mary 60. POTTSTOWN BOROUGH 221

TROUT: Joseph 41 (well digger), Mary 36, Hannah 13, Jacob 11, John 9, Sarah 6, Elizabeth 4. GOUGLER: John 34 (laborer), Elizabeth 30, Susan 7, Rebecca 4, George Bann 19 (carpenter), William Butz 18 (car penter) .

WEST WARD STORE: Albert 24 (marble mason), Ann E. 21, Theodore 15. R.E. $1500. MALSBERGER: Jacob 38 (laborer), Mary A. 24, Joseph 6, Camilla 4. STROUD: Henry 30 (carpenter), Hannah 30, John Prizer 17, Hiram Quigg 17 (carpenter). R.E, $1000. MALSBERGER: Joseph 41 (laborer), Julia 39, Charles 15, Joseph 13, Mary A. 12, Sarah 8, Annie 6, Lewis 2. WISE: Henry 25 (carpenter), Catharine 23. R.E. $800. MAUK: Michael 40 (trader), Mary 30, Catharine 4, Eugene 2, Caroline Poe 9. HILBERT: Michael 75 (weaver), Elizabeth 74, Mary 40, Catharine 16. OVERHOLTZER: Mary 55, Elizabeth 17, Henry 15. VAN BUSKIRK: George 28 (farmer), Harriet 28, Mary E. 5, George 2. R.E. $7700. REIFSNIDER: Joshua 30 (carpenter), Christianna 37, Isa bella 11, Hannah 6, Laurance 4, Mary A. 2. R.E. $600. HOLLENBACH: Margaret 24, George 1. HOUITOR?: Elizabeth 52, Catharine 29, Ann A. 4. HILBERT: Jacob 34 (laborer), Elizabeth 30, George 12, Mary 6, R.E. $600. WEIDNER: Jesse 40 (laborer), Caroline 33, Abraham 14, Matilda 8, Hannah 2. R.E. $700. MOYER: Mahlon 27 (laborer), Sarah 26, Clarissa 2. LAVERTY: James 24 (laborer), Catharine 21, William 2, Charles 4/12. LYE: Peter 47 (tailor), Catharine 30, Mary 6/12. R.E. $800. SHULTZ: Jonas 50 (laborer), Sarah 33. R.E. $800. 222 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

YOCUM: Elizabeth 70, William Levengood 19 (laborer), Amelia 16, Franklin 12, Malinda 10, Mary 2. YERGEY: William 30 (cabinet maker), Maiy A. 33, Josiah 7, Angelina 11, John M, 20 (cabinet m^er). R.E. $1000. SKEEN: Samuel 61 (none), Susan 60, Charlotte 30, Samuel R. Skeen 35 (carpenter), Margaret 25, IfOuisa 12, Emma G. 10, Harry 9, Peter 8, Julia 4, William 3, Warren 7/12. R.E. (SS) $2000. GILBERT: William 50 (laborer), Mary 45, Jesse 23 (laborer), Sarah 21, Hiram 18 (laborer), Henry 14, Ellen 10, Wil liam 8, Anna M. 1. SMITH: John 48 (sexton), Rosanna 35. RHODES: Isaac 24 (wheelwright), Ellen 23. MISSIMER: Joshua 30 (machinist), Catharine 30, Andrew 9, Joanna 6, Mary J. 2, Benjamin F. 5/12. ENGLE: Levi 41 (laborer), Elizabeth 43, Henry 15, George 12, Calvin 6. R. E. $300. BICKEL: Lewis 65 (laborer), Catharine 59. R.E. $500. LANDIS; Rachel 63, Sarah 23. R.E. $500. REIFSNIDER: Elizabeth 69. HAMMEL: John 34 (laborer) Elizabeth 32, Catharine 11, Hannah E. 8, Andora 5, Mary 3, Lucinda 2, Godfrey Say- lor 64 (laborer). R.E. (GS) $700. SMITH: Isaac 42 (tailor), William 16, Jacob 14, Mary 10, Camilla 6, Margaret Fox 40. R.E. $2500. RUTTER: Thomas 23 (tailor), Lucetta 20, William H. 11/12. SMITH: William 56 (none), Mary 50, Abraham 19 (clerk), Amelia Malsberger 22. BEECHER: Elizabeth 56, Daniel H. 31 (merchant), Daniel Wingert 26, Sarah McCane 14, William Auchenbach 18 (merchant), Elizabeth Gilbert 25, Lyman Beecher 8. HIBLER: Phobe 40. R.E. $500. SKEEN: Theodore 35 (carpenter), Delilah 33, Lavina 12, Carolina 9, Isabella 6, William 4, Saylor 1. R.E. $1500. WELLES: Umstead 34 (merchant), Margaret 29, William 9, Sarah E. 7, Joseph 4, Henry 3, James 1. POTTSTOWN BOROUGH 223

SMITH: Jacob 24 (clerk), Elizabeth 22. ROOT: David 38 (auctioneer), Margaret 38, John H. 15, Mary 12, David 10, Margaret E. 7, William 6. LESSIG: Frederick 32 (tailor), Margaret 29, Emma R. 3, Josephine 1. EAGLE: Henry 75 (none), Margaret 69, William25 (laborer), Caroline 25, Francis 2, Joseph 5/12. GEIGER: John 35 (blacksmith), Hannah 33, Emiline 8, Ma- linda 6, William 4, John J. 1, William Richner 24 (black smith). R.E. $1200. HARTMAN: Henry 30 (brickmaker), Barbara 27, Alexander 5, Mary A. 4/12. R. E. $2000. KINZER: Levi 27 (coal merchant), Anna 25, Newton J. 5. HENRICKS: Joseph 51 (livery & stablekeeper), Catharine 49, Isabella L. 12. R.E. $2000. HERBST: James 39 (axe maker), Hester 34, Henry 13, Ephraim 7, William 4, Susanna 1. TRUCKAMILLER: James 25 (laborer), Sarah 25, John 2, William Hollman 20 (laborer). CARPENTER: Catharine 42, Miles 10, Stephen 8, George W. 5, KLINE: Samuel 37 (cabinet maker), Leah A. 30, Emma 6, Sarah 4, Horace 2, Samuel 6/12, Mahlon Rimby 18 (cabi net maker). R.E. $800, REED: Richard 30 (laborer), Catharine 23. FRYER: Michael 29 (axe polisher), Sarah 28, Eliza A. 8, Amelia 6, John H. 4, Margaret 3, Michael 1, Eliza Fenell 56, William Phiz 23 (axe maker). BEARD: Samuel 40 (blacksmith), Hannah 39, Mark J. 17 (blacksmith), Henry A. 14, Eliza 12, Ammon 10, George 8, William 6, Mary C. 4, Samuel 1. WARLEY: David 27 (carpenter), Maria 23, William 6, Aman da 3, Alonzo 2. YOHN [YAHN] : Henry 70 (none), Catharine 68, Catharine 25. 224 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF J860, MONTGOMEEY COUNTY

KOCH: Gideon 35 (laborer), Elizabeth 26, Heniy 6, John 3, William 2. R.E. $500. LESSIG: Henry 38 (tailor), Sarah 34, Heniy 17 (tailor), Charles 13, Catharine 12, Sarah 7, Margaret 5, Susan 4, James F. 6/12. R. E. $700. SMITH: Jonas 44 (merchant), Mary 41, G. Washington 16, Theopholis H. 10, Mahlon 6, Catharine Hoffman 21. R.E. $24,000. THOMPSON: John 50 (Justice), Juliann42, Catharine Sheaf- fer 42. R.E. $14,000. MISSIMER: Joshua 57 (farmer), Ellen 47, Englebert 26 (la borer) , Amelia Smith 21, Jadcson Missimer 22 (tinsmith), Lucinda 19, Ellen 17, M. Van Buren 13, G. Washington 11, Annie 8, Isaac 47 (none), Sarah Davidsizer 17, George F. Miller 25 (L. Clergyman). R.E. $15,000. HARTRANFT: John 50 (Inn keeper), Sarah 54, Ephraim 27, Wilhelmina Maudy 21, Margaret Antrim 18, John Antrim 22 (ostler), Edwin Marten 25 (moulder), Benniwell Grow 35 (pattern maker), Abraham Bailey 40 (contractor), Victor Wagner 22 (stonecutter), Godfrey Metzger 24 (stonecutter). MICHLEY: Mathias 18 (carpenter), Abraham Pool 19 (car penter), Jesse Gilbert 22 (carpenter). SMITH: John C. 30 (merchant), Rebecca 30, Sarah E. 7, Mary Ann 5, Elizabeth Leister 19. R.E. $14,000. MAUGER: John 47 (blacksmith), Mary 42, Catharine M. 24, Mary E. 19, Catharine Lesher 64, Herman Wells 27 (clerk), Amelia L. Wells 22, Martha M. 2, John 5/12. GILBERT: Daniel 41 (stone dealer), Mary J. 23, Wilson H. 15, Mary C. 13, Louisa J. 12, Malihda 10, Nieda 8, Clementine 5, Emma Jane 5/12, Mary Moyer 55, Elizabeth Bowman 26. R.E. $6000. MALSBERGER: William 26 (tailor), Sarah 20, Robert 4, Mary 3. BROOKE: Clement B. 66 (iron maker), Maria 64, Elizabeth Foster 25, Susan Reifsnider 50. R.E. $75,000. POITSTOWN BOROUGH 225

BECHTEL: Jacob 48 (saddler), Elizabeth 85, Robert Bice 20 (saddler). R.E. $1200. WAGONER: Francis 40 (hatter), Mary 35, Elmina 14, Ten- brooke 10, Henry 7, Annie 5. MOORE: Charles 32 (engineer), Mary Ann 28, William 6/12, Elizabeth Becker 12. LEVENGOOD: Samuel 50 (none), Mary 40. R.E. $2500. HOFFMAN: Michael 45 (physician), Hester 34, G. Washing ton 4, Annie 0. 2. R.E. $800. SELLERS: Henry 30 (merchant), Mary M. 31, Annie E. 7, Julia D. 5, Mary 3, Henry F. 7/12. SELLERS: Tobias 69 (druggist), Elizabeth 66, Faber 88 (druggist), Emiline 28. R.E. $5000. STOUT: Solomon A. 35 (engineer), Mary 32, Henry 5, John 3. JOLLY: Rachel 49, Mary A. 18. R.E. $2500. OUSTER: Aaron 46 (postmaster), Elizabeth 41, Rosanna A. 18, Anna M. 12, Caroline 10, Horace 6, Laura E. 2, William P. 2. VAN BUSKIRK: Geo. W. 63 (physician), Jacob 28 (teacher), Alexander22 (physician),LesherVanBuskirk26 (none), Anna M. 23, Darrah 3, Clara 1, Isaac Kepler 48 (laborer), Catharine Kepler 45, William 18 (laborer), Sarah 7. R.E. $2000. STOUT: John 38 (conductor, R.R.), Frena 32, Clara 12, Clar issa 5, Mary 4, Marian 2, Alexander 5/12. BROOKE: Ann 50, Sarah R. 26, Elmina 24, Ann 22, Rebecca 20, Harriet 15. LESSIG: Augustus 26 (axe maker), Susan 24, Mary C. 6, Catharine 3. BOYER: Eve A. 67, Eve A. Whitesale 17. GILBERT: Mathias 35 (oysterman), Maria 30, Hannah 11, Amelia 8, George W. 6, Conrad M. 3, Burton 6/12. MARCH: James 27 (laborer), Mary 24, Arthur 3, Jacob 5/12. BECHTEL: Catharine 78, Mary E. Rhinard 17. RITTENHOUSE: James 46 (none), Lucinda 41, Anna L. 7, Sarah Tompson 20. 226 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

DAUB: Daniel F. 40 (Innkeeper), Elizabeth 37, Samuel 13, Levi 13, Henry 2, Mary A. Bryan 17, Peter Sweetwood 22 (carpenter), Adam Stein 35 (laborer) Mark Darrah 25 (none). R.E. $2000. HAMAGER?: Joseph 23 (M) (Barber), Catharine 20 (M). BECHTEL: Levi 39 (saddler), Catharine 38, Edwin 14, Susan E. 7, Daniel A. 6. R.E. $2500. MC COOL: Owen 24 (axemaker), Anna 27, Mary J. 4, William 4/12. RAPP: Charles F. 53 (shoe merchant), Mary E. 53, Caroline 3, Christianna Baldauch 14. R.E. $6000. GRUBB: Henry 45 (merchant), Ann 44, John W. 23 (mer chant) , Sarah A. 15, Henry H. 12. GULDEN: Abraham 38 (Innkeeper), Susan 35, Isaac 15, Jeremiah 13, Albert 11, Hannah 3. R.E. $10,000. SHANELY: Frederick C. 30 (Innkeeper), Mary 24, Oliver 5/12, Elmira Reifsnider 78, Samuel Close 52 (machinist), Henry Small 26 (carpenter), John Blev... 23, (stone cutter) . WEAND: John 25 (laborer), Louisa A. 22. SNYDER: Jesse R. 34 (laborer), Sarah 40, Savannah 11, Jacob 8. ECKERT: Edward 43 (tobacconist), Elizabeth 35, Henry 16, Catharine 12, John 10, Sarah 8, George 6, Elizabeth 3, Emma 3. ELLIS: William 26 (confectioner), Mary J. 27, Anne W. 6, Nartha 3, Mary 5/12, Alexander Malsberger 20 (carpen ter), Albert Malsberger 16 (apprentice). SHANTZ: Abraham 35 (Innkeeper), Mary 36, Benjamin F. 14, William K. 12, Abraham Brown 31 (bar keeper), Elizabeth Fisher 22, Susan Bisbee 30, Sarah Painter 37, Mary A. Brown 19, Frances Fager 16, Mary Loophole 11, Mary Leaf 31, Rose Leaf 12, Lilly Leaf 5, Virginia Leaf 3, George Leaf 1, Conrad Fager 60 (carpenter), John Flood 30 (laborer), James Perry 33 (laborer), Philip Moury 25 (stonemason), Jacob Hartenstein 22 (stone- POTTSTOWN BOROUGH 227

mason), Augustus Likens 28 (carpenter), Stephen Hanly 24 (laborer), Alexander Doyle 20 (laborer), John Collins 30 (laborer), Edward McLaughlin 27 (laborer). BOYER: William 45 (none), Eliza 42, Barton 18 (none), Ellen 19, John 17 (none), Henry 14, William 12, Sarah 10, Isa bella 8, John 4, Alice 1. BEATTIE: Thomas 25 (axemaker), Mary 23, Debby A. 3. BEATTY: John 41 (axe manufacturer), Mary P. 30, Charles W. 14, Harriet 12, George W. 2, Edward 6/12. WELLER: Rebecca 61, Charles Moore 33 (Dentist), Mary 34, Henry B. 11, Wallace C. 5, Rebecca H. 2, Susan Chester 37. R.E. (CM) $1800. BOYER: John 48 (none), Harriet 42, Ann R. 15, Lydia 5, Mary C. 30. LONGABACH: Peter 59 (miller), Maria 50, Harriet 24, Wil liam 23 (miller), Samuel 20 (miller), Emma F. 14, Char lotte 12. COLLER [CULLER]: Joshua 48 (blacksmith), Catharine 43, Henry 20 (blacksmith), Joshua 16 (moulder), Mahlon 13, Emma 11, Hiram 9, Rebecca 7, Alexander 5. YERGEY: Sarah 37, Alexander Batz 19 (carpenter), John Baun 18 (carpenter). EMSBERGER: Augustus 25 (baker), John 23 (baker). MARQUETT: George 30 (Innkeeper), Mary A. 22, Horace 3, Deborah Deal 40, Margaret Hyman 20, Catharine Reiten- hower 21, Joseph Ganser 24 (barkeeper), Paul Marquett 26 (none), Michael Kelly 23 (puddler), John Welsh 30 (laborer), John Murphy 40 (watchman), Philip McGrann 24 (laborer). Whole Number of Population —1664 (Male 781, Female 883) Attended school within the year— 316 All Persons born in Pennsylvania with the following excep tions : 228 UNITED STATES CENSUS OP 1860, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

Bom in IRELAND LYE, Peter Catharine MCKANE, Samuel FLOOD, John MATTICK, Eliza PERRY, James DANA, Anthony- HANLY, Stephen Margaret DOYLE, Alexander Maria COLLINS, John BROWN, Patrick MCLAUGHLIN, Edward Catharine MURPHY, John GANNON, Michael MC GRANN, Philip Ann CONLY, Bridget WATSON, William HIGGINS, Maria Susan MAHER, Catharine SHEAN, Bridget CRANAN, Margaret Pottstown Borough —1850 WOOD, James Bom in IRELAND KELLY, John DUNN, John Bridget Alice P. Patrick Bridget DONELLY, John Edward Sarah SHELTON, Robert GRACE, James Mary CROUGH, James M. TROUT, Joseph WATSON, John Mary Isabella Hannah Jacob Bom in GERMANY John Sarah FLECK, John Elizabeth Margaret GOUGLER, John OLDHAUSER, Jacob Elizabeth SMALLSHEFFER, George Susan Hannah Rebecca John BANN, George TRUCKENMILLER, James BUTZ, William WAGNER, Victor 229

Bom in GERMANY STEELE, Elizabeth C. METZGER, Godfrey Thomas HOFFMAN, Michael WAGONER, Francis EMSBERGER, Augustus Mary John Born in NEW YORK

Born in ENGLAND YOST, Mary H. HARRINGTON, Mary CRUSOYS, Thomas WYLIE, Charles LACEY, Joseph COFFIN, Sarah A. HELLIN, Thomas Sarah Born in INDIANA WYLIE, Sarah Bora in DELAWARE William EVAN, William D. Mary Louis P. MITCHELL, Ann Born in MARYLAND Archibald IRWIN, Isaac DRAPER, Sarah Catharine BALY, Bayard Ann E. Hester Mary W. HISSEY, Luther Born in NEW JERSEY EVAN, Mary Jane Born at SEA MATHIAS, Sarah HOCKLY, Mary Free Inhabitants in Worcester Township in the County of Montgomery State of Pennsylvania According to the Census of 1850 D. ZIMMERMAN, Ass't Marshal Aug. 21 to Sept. 9, 1850 R.E.—rvalue of real estate owned MATTERN: Isaac 44 (Hotel keeper), Elizabeth 43, Sara A. 17, Elizabeth 13, Hannah 10, Adalade 8, Maria 5, William 3, Christian Hamer 30 (laborer). R.E. $11,000. SCHULTZ: Solomon 29 (merchant), Sofia 24, Amanda 4, Catharine 1, Harriet Kulp 19, Isaac Stouffer 50 (none), Nathan Schultz 27 (merchant). R.E. $6000. GOWEN: Jacob 30 (tobacconist), Anna C. 19, Wilson 1. HEYDE: Andrew 62 (farmer), Sofia 50, Martha 21, William Roberts 12, R.E. $3000. WEIKLE: Henry 38 (farmer), Elizabeth 36, John 4, Margaret Seight 9. R.E. $2600. FABLE: Susanna 42. HALLMAN: William 30 (farmer), Mary A. 27, Theodore 3, Sarah Jane 1. R.E. $1000. NIBLOW [NIBLO] : George 31 (carpenter), Jane 29, Mary 1. MILLER: Charles 46 (blacksmith), Margaret 35, Margaret 10, Henry 6, Amelia 4, Caroline 5/12. R.E. $1200. BOWER: George 45 (cabinet maker), Lydia 35, Hannah 5, Sara A. 4, Charles 2, Jacob 6/12, Henry Tennas 47 (cabi net maker), Samuel Jones, Jr. 21 (cabinet maker), Israel Beideman 20 (cabinet maker), John Essick 18 (cabinet maker). R.E. $1100.

230 WORCESTER TOWNSHIP 231

HALLMAN: Joseph 70 (laborer), Susanna 65, Barbara 19, William Sassaman 2. SHEPPS: George 51 (blacksmith), Abalonia 42, Nicholas 15, Margaret 14, Frederick 11, Louisa 8, George Wagner 27 (laborer). R.E. $1700. ZIMMERMAN: William 48 (farmer), Mary 46 Henry 6, John 11, Jesse 15, Ann 23, Benjamin 21 (wheelwright), James 18 (laborer). R.E. $3000. HENDRICKS: Abraham 57 (farmer), Mary 43, Elizabeth 22, Mary A. 17, Mildred 2, Aaron Harley 1, C. Henry Simon 33 (laborer). R.E. $7000. MORGAN: Andrew 35 (farmer & tanner), Ann R. 32, Sarah J. 11, John 0. 9, James A. 6, Theodore 2, Annabell 5/12, Joseph Lusk 12, Paul Barndt 21 (farmer), Harriet Yerkes 16. R.E. $5500. DETREA [DETTRE] : Jacob 36 (farmer), Fanney 35, Sus anna 11, William 9, James 8/12, George Haws 19 (carpen ter). R.E. $3000. HARLEY: Philip 37 (merchant), Mary M. 32, Helen B. 13, James B. 9, Mary E. 6, Sarah A. Swarts 21. R.E. $5000. MARTIN: William 34 (laborer), Sarah 25. HALLMAN: Jacob 57 (farmer), Ann 52, Mary A. 23, Charles 25 (laborer), Elizabeth 20, William 17, Angaline 11, Ben jamin Knowles 12. R.E. $11,000. HALLMAN: Jacob D. 28 (shoemaker), Emaline 21. CHARLES: Jacob 57 (laborer), Hannah 51, Helen M. 15, Tobias E. 8, Franklin L. 7. SCHULTZ, Samuel 35 (farmer), Susanna 34, William 13, Susanna 6, Amanda 11, Samuel 1, Joseph Alaback 19 (laborer), Ebean Snyder 25 (laborer), Catharine Gilbert 22, Hannah Kreible 16, Salama Schultz 60. R.E. $7500. THOMAS: David 60 (farmer), Elizabeth 57, Joseph 24 (la borer) , David Jr. 21 (laborer), Charles 18 (laborer). R.E. $1500. 232 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1860, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

METZ: Garrett 60 (fanner), Hannah 57, Joseph 33 (laborer)> Mary 19, John 18 (laborer), Susanna 16, William Houke 9, Hannah Metz 25, Abraham 4, Susanna 1, Eva 29. R.E. $3000. LEATHERACH: Henry 38 (farmer), Lydia 38, Charles Hen- dricks 12, Mary Johnson 21. R.E. $5500. LEATHERACH: Hannah 81. R.E. $1300. JOHNSON: Jacob 41 (merchant), Margaret 37, Joseph 15, Ann E. 13, Abner 9, Mary 7, Amanda 2/12. R.E. $8000. JOHNSON: William 40 (merchant), Mary 41, Elizabeth 14, Henry 10, Harriet 7, Charles 1, William Detrea 22 (la borer), Charles Roop 25. CASSEL: Henry 26 (laborer), Mary A. 20, Emaline 1. MOYER; Samuel 23 (farmer), John 50 (none), Mary 49, Mary 21, Ann 20, Catharine 19, Elizabeth 17, Barbara 15, Susanna 13, Lydia 10, Isaac 8, Anna 76. R.E. (JM) $5000. LEWIS: Thomas 52 (farmer), Sarah 45, Plavilla 15, Joseph 5, Ann R. 3, Samuel Steiper 20 (laborer). R.E. $6000. RENINGER: Frederick 26 (laborer), Susanna 22, Henry 1, Elizabeth Lewis 22. HENDRICKS: John 28 (farmer), Susanna 25, Mary A. 4, El- mira 3, Elizabeth 1, Joseph 18 (laborer). SCHULTZ: Anna 51, Saloma 21, Benjamin 19 (laborer), Rachel 17, Elizabeth 15, James 14, Mary 11. R.E. $7500. KREIBLE: William 34 (farmer & miller), Mary 30, Samuel 8, Amos 6, Michael 4, Susanna 2, Frances 8/12, William Reninger 23 (laborer), Henry Geaman 36 (laborer), Mary Ottinger 18, Esther Gilbert 20. R.E. $10,000. ERBE: George 30 (miller), Henrietta 32, Mary 3. BERGE:-Henry 24 (farmer), Hannah 27, Mary A. 3/12, Mary 62. R.E. (MB) $1000, KEELBR: Amos 26 (carpenter), Eave 24. WOECESTEE TOWNSHIP '233

FUSS: Henry 40 (millwright), Elizabeth 30, Mary 7, Cath arine 5, Jacob 2, Magdelana Johnson 65, Henry Johnson 22 (wheelwright). HENNING: David 45 (farmer), Rebecca 30, John 8, Henry 1, Frederick 1. R.E. $1400. BOOZE: Frederick 55 (laborer), Margaret 50, Nicholas 25 (shoemaker). HALLMAN: Enos 30 (shoemaker), Sofia 26, Abraham 4, Elizabeth 2, Sylvester 6/12, Charles 22 (shoemaker). WEIGNER: John 38 (farmer), Maria 28, Jacob 13, Abraham 11, George 7, Catharine 1. R.E. $3000. CLEMMANS: Jacob 27 (farmer), Sofia 27, William 6, Ada- lade 6, Joseph 3, Catharine 6/12, Jacob Schults 76 (none), Henry Clemmans 16 (laborer), Mary Schults 40, Adam Kreible 25 (laborer). R.E. (AK) $5500. BOWMAN: Peter 45 (Hotel keeper & farmer), Elizabeth 40, Matilda 18, Catharine 16, Hannah 14, William 11, John Thomas 22 (laborer), Sofia Thomas 36, Catharine Thomas 83, Mahlon Culp 6. R.E. $3700. KNARR: Henry 30 (laborer), Catharine 28, Margaret 7, Ed ward 2, Sofia 1/12. KREIBLE: Levi 39 (carpenter), Elizabeth 28, Eliza 6. VANFOSSEN: Michael 65 (farmer), Cristianna 62, Eli 22 (miller), Charlotte 30. R.E. $5000. VANFOSSEN: Jacob 32 (farmer), Fietta 27, Peter Mabury 12. VANFOSSEN: Joseph 38 (blaclcsmith), Rebecca 39, Charlotte 11, Fredrick Foust 39 (laborer), William Mabury 18 (la borer) . R.E. $2500. TYSON: Henry 35 (physician), Gertrude 45, Amanda Cas- well 15, James Tyson 8, Henry Tyson 4, John Caswell 20 (none). TYSON: Cornelius 73 (none), Hannah 65, Teaney Beigle 50, Elizabeth Tyson 23. R.E. $8000. HEYSER: Charles 36 (farmer), Mary A. 28, Rebecca Fillman 8, Jacob Fillman 12. 234 UNITED STATES CENSUS OP 18B0, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

HENDRICKS; Charles 49 (merchant), Samuel 18 (laborer), Susanna S. Kreible 40, Isaiah Walker 22 (Tailor), Joseph 12, Mary 22, George A. Miller 26 (laborer). R.E. $5500. WEABER: Jacob 66 (shoemaker), Anna 53, Lydia 14, John 9. SNYDER; Job 56 (farmer), Susanna 42, Henry 17 (laborer), Sofia 13, Joseph 11, Susanna 6, Mary 4, Charles 1. R.E. $3000. SOUDERS: John 45 (laborer), Mary 46, John 12, Edith 15. KEIZER [KEYSER] : John 32 (wheelwright), Sofia 30, Sus anna 5, David 2, Levi Keller 21 (wheelwright). R.E. $1200. WEIGNER; Daniel 53 (wheelwright), Margaret 36, Sarah Geaman 6. R.E. $2500. BOSSERT: Marten 31 (farmer), Maiy 32, Theadore 5, Ann E. 3, Henry 6/12. HARTMAN: Solamon 30 (laborer), Euphemia 31, Hannah 2, Catharine Artner 33, Mary Artner 18, Hannah Artner 8, Susanna Artner 6. R.E. $1400. HENDRICKS: Amos 36 (farmer), Abigal 35, Mary C. 11, John C. 7, John J. 15. R.E. $2500. SHERRIDEN: John 25 (carpenter), Matilda 22, Abner 7/12. STONG: Philip W. 49 (farmer), Margaret 27, Barbara A. 4, Comelious 3, Elmira 10/12. R.E. $3300. FRY: Jacob 29 (laborer), Elizabeth 24, Daniel 8/12. STONG: Philip 40 (farmer), Sofia 33, George 14, Frederick 10, John 5, Margaret 2, Frederick Sr. 77 (none), Hannah (no age). R.E. (FS) $6500. STONG: Henry 66 (miller), Sarah 50, Mary 20, Henry 15, Sarah 6, Charles Markley 14, George Stuck 50 (none). R.E. $3000. ANDERS: Jacob 49 (farmer), Lydia 49, Jacob Kreible 30 (laborer), Susanna Kreible 25, David 6, Reuben 4, Lydia 2, Rachael Dresher 48. R.E. (JA) $4000 (JK) $600. WOBCESTER TOWNSHIP 235

SKEEN: Elijah 43 (farmer), Sarah 46, Joseph Skeen 20 (mason), Amanda 18, Franklin 17 (laborer), James 13, Hannah E. 8. MONTGOMERY: William 43 (farmer), Elizabeth 36, George 10, Mary 7, Letitia 4, Emily 3, Jackson Peugh 19 (laborer), Christianna Smith 26, Henry Hoffman 49 (laborer), Albert Smith 22 (mason). ROBERTS: George 69 (farmer), Phebe 67, Jonathan 38 (la borer), Elizabeth 32, Joseph 29 (laborer), Septimus 24 (laborer), Rebecca Craft 16. R.E. $3700. SUPPLEE: Jonathan 34 (farmer), Helen 35, Washington 2, Sarah M. 1, James Dailey 15, Philip Cooley 24 (laborer), Sarah J. Bell 8, Charlotte Lowery 27, Catharine Lowery 4/12. HARLEY: Samuel 62 (none), Ann 57, Sarah 18. R.E. $6500. HARLEY: Joseph 32 (farmer), Elizabeth 29, David 9, Hannah 7, Mary A. 5, John 17 (laborer). HARLEY: Abraham 23 (farmer), Hannah 20, Joanna 8/12, George Leisler 12, Elmira Gulp 9. BRUNNER: Michael 61 (farmer), Mary 61, Mary 23, Eliza beth 19. R,E. $9300. HUMSHER: Jesse 55 (farmer), Mary 47, John 21 (laborer). Elizabeth Bean 26, Richard Mills 10. R.E. $4000. SEYBOLD: Henry 52 (farmer), Ann 45. R.E. $1400. WEABER: Eliza A. 54, Abraham N. 20 (farmer), Silas N. 15, Emaline N. 20, Alonza Engleman 10. R.E. $6000. BRUNNER: Albert 27 (cabinet maker), Mary 22. CUSTER: Jacob 24 (laborer), Mary 28, Abraham 1. OTINGER: Mary 52 BATRUFF: John 29 (laborer), Sarah A. 30, Jesse Stem 9. R.E. $1200. 236 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

BISBING: Samuel 28 (fanner), Mary A. 25, Francis R. 1. KINGKINER; Joseph 23 (plasterer), Matilda 23, Joseph 27 (farmer), Catharine A. 22, Elizabeth Stilwagon 24, Philip Stillwagon 21 (laborer). GASSBL: Daniel 57 (farmer), Hannah 57, Catharine 21, Anna 13, Samuel Geaman 30 (laborer), Samuel Hendridcs 12. R.E. $5250. WEIGNER: Abraham K. 48 (farmer), Barbara 34, Lydia 2, Sarah 6/12, Leah 46, Lydia 41. R.E. $4000. KEELER: Henry 55 (farmer), Susanna 50, Susanna 16, Henry 15, Sarah 9. R.E. $3200. METZ: Jacob 30 (farmer), Elizabeth 26, Hannah 6. R.E. $2300. CASSEL; Joseph 56 (none), Martha 50, Isaac 62 (none). R.E. $3500. KRATZ: Henry 37 (farmer), Mary 26, Louisa Godshalk 12. CASSEL; Hobert 30 (farmer), Letitia 28, Levina 7, Joseph 5, Abner 2. R.E. $2000. ROSENBERGER: Benjamin 47 (farmer), Susanna 42, Ben jamin 19 (laborer), Isaac Stover 11, Ann Geaman 72. R.E. $3000. HENDRXCKS: Kennet (f.) 35, Magdelanna 8. KEELER: Peter 31 (trader), Esther 31, Catharine 7, Eli 5. FREDRICK: Henry 59 (farmer), Elizabeth 49, Jacob 26 (la borer), Ann 24, Eliza 18, Mary 16, Sarah 13, Samuel 11. HENDRICKS: John 74 (none). R.E. $5000. ARPE: Jacob 48 (weaver), Susanna 50, Samuel 15, Ann Rein- wait 62. R.E. $6900. ANDERS: Anthony 50 (farmer), Hannah 35, Edith 10, George 7, Joseph 4, Nathan Coleman 27 (laborer), Eliza beth Snyder 32, Franklin Comfort 16 (laborer), Catharine Zimmerman 18. R.E. $6900. KREIBLE: Joseph 40 (farmer), Catharine 38, Abraham 15, WORCESTER TOWNSHIP 237

Mary 11, Rachel 7, Jesse Denner 22 (laborer), Cristianna Kreible 69, Sarah Kreible 21. R.E. $5700. WARNER: Dewalt 44 (fanner), Barbara 39, John 17 (labor er), Amos 15, Elizabeth 11, Margaret 8, Susanna 4, Sarah 4/12. R.E. $9000. HENNING: Andrew 45 (farmer), Susanna 30, Fredrick 10, John 8. KREIBLE: Isaac S. 44 (farmer), Cristianna 37, William 18 (laborer), Caroline 16, Phebe 13, Sarah 9, Jesse 7, Daniel 4, Amanda 3/12, Rachina 75, Amos Pennapacker 24 (la borer). R.E. $5500. PRINCE: William 30 (mason), Lydia 30, Abraham 2, Susanna Hyser. SCHULTZ: Fredrick 55 (farmer), Mary 44, Adonia 18, Neome 17, Mary 15, Joseph 9, Sarah 5, Ann Kreibel 32. R.E, $7800. KREIBLE: Michal 60 (farmer), Rosanna 53, Ephraim 29 (la borer), Susanna 14. R.E. $11,500. KREIBLE: Reuben 29 (laborer), Mary 23, Hosea 11/12. WORKIZER: Samuel 47 (farmer), Elizabeth 47, Henry 18 (laborer), Emaline Dotts 18, Hannah Kneezel 10, Thea- dore Kingkiner 14, Catharine Fetter 84. R.E. $3800. SUPPLEE: Joel 40 (farmer), Phebe 38, Margaret 12, Richard Bisson 67 (laborer). SUPPLEE: Samuel 75 (farmer), Harriet 43, Isabella Mc- Glathery 9. R.E. $6000. SUPPLEE: Joseph 40 (farmer), Jane 41, Laura 5, Leslie 3, Irena 8/12, John Hippert 14. R.E. $3500. STEM: Jesse 63 (farmer), Catharine 22, Hannah 20, Mary 16, Levi 20 (laborer), Eli 18 (mason), George W. 12, Thomas Lowance 22 (blacksmith). R.E. $3500. STEM: Hobert 27 (shoemaker), Sarah 24, John L. 10. BRUNNER: Fredrick 53 (farmer), Lydia 47, Franklin 20 238 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1860, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

(carpenter), Mary 20, Elizabeth 14, Jacob 16 (laborer), Henry 12, Samuel 8, Isabella 2. R.E. $3000. RITTENHOUSE: Benjamin 40, Margaret 30, Elizabeth 3, Jacob Hance 21 (laborer). R.E. $5000. WEABER: John 52 (farmer), Elizabeth 50, Emaline 20, Jacob 18 (laborer), John 15, Elizabeth Markley 18, Margaret Rapp 9. WEABER: George M. 25 (laborer), Matilda 24. BRUNNER: Fredrick 33 (farmer), Anna 21, Edgar 1, Michal 21, Jacob Kline 12, Elizabeth Pennapadcer 12. BRUNNER: Joseph 29 (laborer), Elizabeth 25. LEAHMAN: Hannah 48, George 21 (farmer), Elizabeth 16. BERGSTRESSOR: Henry 59 (none), Catharine 51, Isaac Weaber 26 (farmer), Hannah Weaber 26, Catharine 5, Anthony Kline 19 (laborer), William G. Keasel 12, Maria Bergstressor 21, Sarah Lukens 30, Margaret A. Lukens 8/12. R.E. $6500. SLOUGH: Jesse W. 28 (farmer), Mary 22, Josiah 2, Mahlon 1, David Kingkiner 9. KREIBLE; George 58 (farmer), Debra 50, Mary Heebner 43. R.E. $4500. DRESHER: Jacob 22 (wheelwright), Catharine 20, Abraham 19 (wheelwright). R.E. $1400. SNYDER: Samuel 58 (farmer), Sofia 57, Hillery 25 (shoe maker) , Charles Davis 20 (shoemaker), John Marten 15. R.E. $2000. MARTEN; Sarah 50. MILLER: John 40 (carpenter), Susanna 45, Angaline 18. KREIBLE: Joseph 50 (farmer), Elizabeth 55, Abraham 19 (laborer), Andrew 19 (laborer), Elizabeth Denner 17, George Weigner 50 (weaver). R.E. $5600. KREIBLE: Benjamin 56 (farmer), Elizabeth 63, John Moyer 28 (saddler), Euphemia Moyer 27, Benjamin 4/12, Edith WORCESTEB TOWNSHIP 239

Kreible 19, Joel Kreible 17 (laborer), Job 15, Benjamin 13. R,E. $5000. SCOTT: Israel 58 (farmer), Edith 54, Jonathan 27 (laborer). Job 24 (laborer), Jane 30, Rachel Fry 12, Anna Scott 1. R.E. $10,000. TAYLOR: David 50 (farmer), Rebecca 58, Martha Jones 68. R.E. $2000. JONES: Isaac 45 (farmer), Mary 38, Jonathan T. 16, Hannah 13, Martha L. 10, Charles 8, Isaac 4, David 1. R.E. $3500. JONES: Phoebe 50. DETWEILER: Isaac 44 (farmer), Anna 48, Barbra 22, Anna 12, Elizabeth 2. DETWEILER: Barbra 74. R.E. $2500. CREATER: Jacob 32 (farmer), Mary 24, Catharine 5, Mary J. 10/12, Jacob Sheiveley 22 (laborer), Mary Custer 18, Abraham Detweiler 13. R.E. $5000. GOTWALTS: Abraham 51 (farmer), Margaret 53, Amos 18, (laborer), Charles 15, James 11, Henry 10, Charlotte Davis 18. R.E. $5900. GOTWALTS: Abraham 86 (none), Barbra 60. R.E. $5000. HENDRICKS; Peter 61 (laborer), Elizabeth 60. BEYER: William 35 (farmer), Elizabeth 37, Mary 11, Cath arine 7, Elizabeth 1. R.E. $3500. BEYER: Elias 23 (farmer), Julian 20, Lydia A. 1/12, Frank lin Kooker 7. R.E. $2300. BEYER: Benjamin 44 (farmer), Hannah 35, Catharine 15, Enos 14, Nathaniel 10, Lewis 9/12. R.E. $3000. CASSEL: Joseph 29 (farmer), Lusetta 30, Isaac 6, Jonas 4, Ann 4/12, Elias Wood 19. R.E. $3500. MEISTER: Jesse 26 (carpenter), Susanna 22, Washington 11/12. GOULDEY: Charles S. 68 (farmer), Sofia 61, David W. 36 240 UNITED STATES CENSUS OP 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

(laborer), Charles T. 21 (tailor), Angaline 18, Aaron B. 24 (carpenter), Isabella 24. R.E. $4500. WILE: Jonas 31 (tailor), Louisa A. 28, Jerrome 4, Aaron B. 2, Lewis 1. BEYER: John 24 (laborer), Sarah 20, Daniel 20 (wheel wright) , Margaret Hoffman 12. R.E. $2100. BEAN: Samuel B. 28 (farmer), Julian 25, Emma 3, Elmira 2, Sylvester 1, Mathew Bell 28 (laborer), Jacob Wile 11. BEAN: Jacob 78 (none), Catharine 65. R.E. $4,500. BEAN: Isaac 32 (trader), Sarah 32, Augustus 11, Joseph 6, Jacob 2. KNIPE: John 32 (farmer), Mary 32, Henry 5, Margaret 3, Jacob 1, Tacy 11/12, Albert Weaber 28 (laborer). R.E. $2500. CLEMMANS: Jacob 53 (farmer), Barbra 45, Barbra 12. R.E. $3000. SCHULTZ: Anthony 35 (farmer), Mary 32, James 8, Isaac 6, Sarah 3, Reuben Umstead 21 (laborer), Margaret Fitz gerald 21, Amanda Brunner 10. R.E. $5500. BRUNNER: John 33 (farmer), Lydia 25, James 8, Susanna 5, Mary 4. R.E. $1400. GOTWALTS: John 35 (laborer), Ann 40, Samuel 6, Catharine 4, David 8/12, Ann Crouse 50. R.E. (JG) $1000 (AC) $800. SPEARE [SPARE]: William 51 (farmer), Elizabeth 46, Elizabeth 17, Mary A. 14, Emaline 6, William 4, Jonas 45 (laborer), Jesse Tyson 15. R.E. $4800. DENNER: Andrew 34 (laborer), Isabella 37, Elizabeth 17, Jacob 14, William 12, Andrew 4, John 3. R.E. $400. CASSEL: John B. 29 (farmer), Matilda 23. R.E. $2000. HEEBNER: Jacob 57 (farmer), Caroline 35, Benjamin Brun ner (laborer), Joseph Reede 20 (laborer). R.E. $6400. •WORCESTER TOWNSHIP 241

SHONTZ: Elias 30 (weaver), Maria 28, Catharine A. 1, Han nah Heidrick 20. HEEBNER: Abraham 48 (farmer), Susanna 38, Elias 18 (la borer) , Henry 14, Mary A. 12, Sarah 9, Ann 3. R.E. $4000. HEEBNER: Susanna 53, Sarah 56. BRUNNER: Jacob 65 (farmer), Mary 43, Anna 30. R.E. $4000. FRY: Peter 26 (farmer), Mary 25. JOHNSON: Peter 38 (farmer), Elizabeth 44, John 14, Charles 9, Josiah 6, Mary 3. R.E, $1500. YEAGEL: John 65 (none), Ann 75. JOHNSON: John 71 (farmer), Mary 62, John Jr. 36 (la borer), Elizabeth 81. R.E. $1500. JOHNSON: Hannah 41 (farmer), John R. 16 (laborer), Elizabeth 13, John Reace 84 (none). R.E. $2500. JOHNSON: Benjamin 46 (farmer), Mathias 21 (laborer), A. Rebecca 19, Mary 12, Isaac 10, Leana 78. KEIZER: Jacob 60 (farmer), Hannah 52. R.E. $2600. CUSTER: John 42 (farmer), Sarah 37, Mary A. 15, James 10, Elizabeth 7, Lydia 5, Samuel 3, Jonas 75. R.E. $2000. GOTWALTS: John 37 (wheelwright), Mary 37, Sarah 10, Silas Bockman 19 (wheelwright). CUSTER: Josiah 24 (farmer), Elizabeth 23, Lewis 10/12, John Alaback 14, Charles Haws 20 (laborer), Angeline Spear 14. CUSTER: Susanna 66. CUSTER: Mathias 46 (none), Elloner 46, Mathias 14, Sus anna 8. R.E. $6000. GOTWALTS: Abraham 29 (farmer), Mary 27, Elkanen 5, Benjamin Custer 20 (laborer). R.E. $2000. HARLEY: Henry 26 (farmer), Elizabeth 23, Henry Hoover 45 (laborer). 242 UNITED STATES CENSUS OP 1860, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

HARLEY: Henry Sr. 59 (none), Catharine 50, Mary 26. R.E. $3500. HARLEY: Samuel 55 (farmer), Elizabeth 50, Elizabeth 25, Samuel 19 (laborer), William 14, Susanna 12. R.E. $5000. HARLEY: Hannah 50. CASSEL: Peter 33 (farmer), Ann 32, Margaret 3, Abraham 1, Lewis 25 (mason), Abraham Prince 50 (none), Charles Prince 23 (mason). R.E. $1800. SPEARE: Frederick 36 (carpenter), Sarah 29, Maria 10, Elizabeth A. 6/12, Catharine 30, Joel Weaver 18 (carpen ter). R.E. $1600. CASSEL: Samuel 54 (farmer), Barbra 55, Marten 30 (wheel- •wright), John 23, Aaron 15, Emanuel 12, Lydia 25, Mag- delanna 21, Mary 17. R.E. $11,000. WALLACE: Hannah 67. R.E. $1600. HEISE [HEIST] : Mahlon 32 (farmer), Catharine Slough 30, Sarah A. Heise 5, Elizabeth 3, George Nice 16 (laborer). CASSEL: Benjamin 25 (farmer), Elizabeth 22, Amanda 3, Edward 2, James Meredith 39 (M). R.E. $3000. SLOUGH: Nicholas 59 (farmer), Elizabeth 57, Mary 30, Henry 26 (carpenter), James 24 (laborer), John Frieman 30 (laborer). R.E. $6500. MEISTER: Jacob 53 (farmer), Catharine 49, Charles 29 la borer), Mary 14, Isaac 12, Barbara A. 10. R.E. $1500. CASSEL: Jesse 33 (laborer), Harriet 32, Adalade 12, Jocob 6. CASSEL; Elizabeth 57, Hannah 20. R.E. $2500. CASSEL: Benjamin 62 (none), Catharine 55, Sarah 22. R.E. $4500. CASSEL: Abraham 38 (farmer), Susanna 28, Isaiah 8, Eliza beth 7, Cornelius 5, Abraham 3, Susanna 1, Enos 17 (la borer), Susanna 12. PRINCE: Charles 23 (mason), Catharine 19, A. Louisa 6/12. PRICK: John 49 (farmer), Susanna 49, John Jr. 19 (laborer), WORCESTER TOWNSHIP 243

Eli 17 (laborer), Amos 15, Ephraim 18, Anna E. 10, Sus anna 8, Sarah A. 5, Mary Barnaman 24. R.E. $5500. FRICK: Henry 75 (none), Ann 68, Frances 47, Lucy Brown 15, Anna Glettsing 3. K.E. $6800. BOYER: Henry 25 (farmer), Hannah 24, Anna 1, Philip Wor- den 26 (laborer), Henry Kooker 10, Catharine Gearhard 16. R.E. $2000. SCHULTZ: George 69 (farmer), Anna 65, William 21 (la borer) , David Berget 20 (laborer), Elizabeth Schultz 18. R.E. $6000. HEEBNER: Anthony 52 (farmer), Ann 45, Maria 17, An thony Jr. 18, Lydia Bitting 25, Catharine Stout 59, Henry Neblous 28 (laborer), George Smith 25 (laborer), James Umstead 28 (laborer), Sarah Hoover 11. R.E. $8000. METZ: Jacob 23 (carpenter), Sarah 20. HOOVER: Salomon 39 (laborer), Catharine 37, Lydia A. 8, Adam 5, Ann 4, George 11/12. R.E. $800. LANTES [LANDES] : Joseph 53 (farmer), Rachal 52, Eliza beth 27, Jacob 24 (laborer), Henry 23 (shoemaker), Eli 20 (laborer), Sarah 18, Hannah 16, Rachal 14, Ann 12. R.E. $7000. BEAN: Susan 26, Joseph 4, Mary 3. WARNER: Christian 39 (farmer), Sarah 37, Emaline 13, Lydia 12, Mahlon 2/12, Jacob Speare 79 (Tailor). R.E. $2000. KRATZ: Henry 30 (farmer), Elizabeth 25, Joseph 5, Amos 3, Anna 1. R.E. $2000. DE HAVEN: William 44 (laborer), Elizabeth 38, Charles 7, Anna 3, Susanna 1. CUSTER: Paul 55 (butcher), Lana 45, Barbra 21, Ann 18, Lydia 17, Elizabeth 13, Lana 10, Paul Jr. 8, Benjamin 5, Benjamin 19 (butcher). R.E. $6500. 244 UNITED STATES CENSUS OF 1850, MONTGOMERY COUNTY

HYSER [HEYSER]; John 26 (farmer), Elizabeth 26, Eliza beth 5, John Ouster 21 (laborer). KRATZ: David 58 (none), Ann 51 R.E. $5000. KRATZ: William 26 (farmer), Sofia 22, Anna 10/12, Joseph Gassel 14, Elizabeth Donehower 18. CASSEL: Joseph 45 (farmer), Rebecca 43, Mary 22, Amos 19 (school teacher), Sarah 18, Henry 16 (laborer), Edith 18, Susanna 11, Mahlon 10, Hannah 7, Christian 3, Leah 4/12. R.E. $4000. BEYER; Jacob 37 (farmer), Elizabeth 36, Hannah 12, Isaac 10, Sarah 4. R.E. $3800. HENDRIGKS: Philip 36 (farmer), Leah 31, Sarah 12, Oliver 9, Amanda 3, Emiline 1. REIFF: Abraham S. 33 (farmer), Sarah 29, Mary 7, Susanna 5, (leorge 4, Catharine 1, Elias Beisher 28 (laborer), Eliza Loukes 17. R.E. $7000. SEIPT: George 50 (farmer), Susanna 23, Abraham 20 (la borer), Ann 18, George 13, William 7. R.E. $5000. BOOZE: Jacob 39 (farmer), Catharine 39, Hannah 16, 14, Catharine 12, Amanda 10, Sarah 9, Rachal 7, Eliza beth 4, Susanna 6/12. ZIMMERMAN: John C. 25 (carpenter), Mary 22, Henry 1. ANDERS: Frederick 45 (farmer), Catharine 43, John 23 (blacksmith), Susanna 20, William 19 (laborer), Jacob 18 (laborer), David 16 (laborer), Nathaniel 13, Joseph 10. R.E. $6000. ANDERS: Elizabeth 23. KROUSE: Aaron 38 (farmer), Lydia 37, Joel 14, Sarah 12, David 10, Susanna 8, Amanda 4, William 6/12, Dripert Enderley 26 (laborer). R.E. $6000. CUSTER: Abraham 25 (laborer), Sarah A. 19, John F. Isen- berry 4. WORCESTER TOWNSHIP 245

BEAN: Henry 66 (farmer), Elizabeth 66, Sarah Speare 12. R.E. ?4000. PLY: Abraham 40 (laborer), Elizabeth 35, Salylthael 14, Louisa 11, Chalkley 9, Sarah 6. TYSON: Mathias 68 (farmer), Sarah 59. R.E. $2500. YOCUM: John 35 (farmer), Maria 30, Charles 12, Mary A. 9, Emanuel 7, Morris 5, John 10/12. R.E. $2500. BEAN: John 26 (farmer), Mary 21, Isabella 1/12, Elizabeth 20, Emma Kratz 5. NUNGESSER: Henry 38 (farmer), Mary 36, Matilda 15, Mary C. Gillis 11, John Davis 10. OUSTER: Nathan 58 (farmer), Catharine 54, Lydia 26, Har- man 24 (laborer), Jacob 21 (laborer), Barbra A. 15, John 13, Isaac 10, Mary J. Keizer 5. R.E. $5400. BEYER: Henry 57 (farmer), Margaret 54, Hillery 12, Henry Smuck 3. R.E. $5500. FEGLEY: Charles 40 (laborer), Mary 40, Anna E. Detrea 8. R.E. $1500. DETREA: Christian 70 (farmer), Martha J. Mather 18, Han nah Detrea 14, John Grayham 21 (laborer), John Craw ford 13. R.E. $4000, DETREA: Abraham 42 (farmer), Hannah 40, James P. 13, Amanda M. 10, Mary 2, John Smith 23 (laborer), Rebecca Smith 22, Susanna Stoffer 71, Elizabeth Detrea 74. R.E. $2700. HALLMAN: Jesse 29 (laborer), Mary A. 24. ANDERSON: Joseph 45 (gatekeeper (pike) ), Ann 35, Mary 14, Ezekiel 12, Elizabeth 10, Catharine 5, Joseph 2. SAYLOR: Arnold 57 (farmer), Mary 48, Emaline 25, Andrew J. 21 (laborer), John C. 19 (laborer), Susanna 16, An gelina 13, Sarah C. 8, Isabella 6, Mary A. 23. R.E. $11,600. 246 titr united states census of isso, Montgomery county

KRECKER: Fredrick 34 (E.A. Clergyman), Isabella 31, Fredrick 7, Priscilla 4, Edwin 2, Emma L. 4/12. KLITZING [KLETSING]: Henry 30 (farmer), Anna 27, Nathaniel 6, Lydia 5, Anna 3, Louisa 1, William Cooper 11. R.E. $2500. GOULDY: Nicholas 65 (farmer), Margaret 50, Isaiah 25 (shoemaker), Barbra A. 23, Aaron 1, George W. 20 (la borer) . R.E. $2300. TRUCKSESS: Jacob 65 (basket maker), David 36 (shoemaker &farmer), Sofia 34, Jacob 13, George 11, David 9, John F. 7, Andrew J. 5, Margaret 3, Ann R. 7/12, John Fronfield 25 (shoemaker). R.E. (DT) $3500. KEEVER: Samuel 52 (farmer), Susanna 52, Susanna 21, Wil liam Geist 23, (tobacconist). R.E. $1800. CHILDS: Conard 44 (farmer), Louisa 35, Henry 9, John 7, Franklin 2. R.E. $2000. MILLER: Joseph 23 (farmer), Margaret 58, Kronhapuch 18, Thomas 21 (blacksmith). R.E. $1400. PENNAPACKER: Maria 38, Mary A. 7. ROBERTS: John 77 (laborer), Margaret 59, Margaret Schrack 15. R.E. $1000. TYSON: David 39 (weaver), Catharine 35, Mathias 13, Henry 9. R.E. $1000. KEELE [KEELEY]: James 40 (wheelwright), Susanna 89, Margaret E. 6, James W. 3, Harriet J. 1. BAKER: James 52 (farmer), Catharine 50, Anna Davis 8. CUSTER: David 30 (farmer), Margaret 26, Christian 1, Mar garet Bean 20, Jacob Tyson 16 (laborer), Ezekiel Ander son 13. CUSTER: Jacob 71 (none), Mary 61, Charlotte 38, Elmira Tyson 18, Ann Custer 27. R.E. $9500. SCHWENK: Isaac 28 (farmer), Elizabeth 26, Angeline 4, Margaret 1, Abraham Gotwalts 15. R.E. $2200. •WOECESTER TOWNSHIP 247

HYSER: Isaac 38 (farmer), Susanna 32, Mary 13, Sofia 7, Amanda 4, Abraham 1. R.E. $2500. KEYSER: Elizabeth 76. ARGUE: Robert 54, Sarah 54, George 22 (laborer), Martha Parks 18, Benjamin Rittenhouse 11. R.E. $4950. DETWEILER: Henry 49 (farmer), Margaret 37, Abraham 17 (laborer), William 16 (laborer), Jacob 14, Mary A. 11, Sarah 8, Elizabeth 5. R.E. $5000. RITTENHOUSE: Samuel 36 (farmer), Debra 39, Mary 9, John 4, Debra 1, John 40 (laborer), Joseph 67 (none). R.E. $4000. BEAN: Jacob 52 (farmer), Elizabeth 45, Henry 24 (laborer), Michal 21 (laborer), Mary 20, Jacob 18 (laborer), Peter 17 (laborer), Sarah 16, Catharine 16, Ann 15, Esther 12, Joseph 10, Isaac 5. R.E. $5000. JOHNSON: Isaac 48 (farmer), Catharine 45, Mary A. 26, Juliann 19, George Whiticar 21 (laborer), William Philips 15. R.E. $6500. JOHNSON: David 45 (farmer), Margaret 42, Nathan D. 14, Hopkins, 12, Ellen 4, Christian Arad 36 (laborer), Mary A. Roberts 35, Elizabeth Johnson 73. R.E. $6300. GULP: Joseph M. 40 (Segar maker), Christianna 29, William Livingston 20 (Segar maker), Jacob Rasher 28 (Segar maker). ZIMMERMAN: Elizabeth 46, Albert 21 (farmer), Joel 19 (laborer), Mary A. 17, Emiline 17, Richard Wilkison 15. R.E. $7200. FUNK: Catharine 56. SECHLER: Michal 39 (farmer), Hennrietta 35, Elizabeth Umstead 13. R.E. $2500. SLOUGH: John 79 (farmer), Mary 80, Mary 30, Priscilla 13, Jesse 18 (segar maker), Edward Sellers 25 (segar maker), John Hoffman 17 (segar maker). 248 UNITED STATES CENSUS OP 1850, UONTGOMERY COUNTY

CUSTER: Samuel G. 40 (farmer), Lydia 40. SCHWENK: David 23 (farmer), Catharine22, Lewis S. 4/12, Amelia Shuler 8. R.E. $1200. VANFOSSEN: Joseph 74 (none), Sarah 72. R.E. $3500. HENDRICKS: Samuel 38 (farmer), Catharine 36, Hannah 18, Elizabeth 11, Sarah 9, Daniel 6, Anna 4. RITTENHOUSE: Aaron 24 (farmer), Mary 22, George 1, Elizabeth Keizer 19. TYSON: Jesse 54 (farmer), Mary 62, Catharine 50. R.E. $2000. RITTENHOUSE: Abraham 43 (farmer), Elizabeth 40, Lydia 18, Joseph 14, Sarah 6, James 8/12. R.E. $1600. KEIZER: Jacob 46 (farmer), Halena 50,Elizabeth 16, Cathar ine 6, Benjamin 84 (none). R.E. $2000. KNEIDLE: Sevilla 56, Mary 60. R.E. $1000. BEAN: Jacob 62 (farmer), Henry 24 (laborer), Hannah 29, John 22 (laborer), Abraham 20 (laborer). R.E. $2500. BRANT: Elizabeth 18, John 23 (shoemaker), Mary A. Slough 22. ZIMMERMAN: Isaac 32 (farmer), Sarah 26, William H. 1, John Harley 21 (laborer). R.E. $4500. ANDERS: Abraham Jr. 42 (farmer), Rebecca 36, William 10, Joseph 8, Susan 6, Charles 3, Abraham S. 7/12, David Koch 23 (laborer), Mary Seibert 20, Jacob Slough 16, Abraham Anders Sr. 76, Rosanna Anders 80. R.E. $6500. BEAN: Andrew 50 (farmer), Sarah 38, Benjamin 13, Eliza beth 9, Joseph 6, Angaline 4, Amanda 10/12. R.E. $3500. BEAN: Esther 86. WAGNER: Solamon 29 (blacksmith), Sarah 29, Adason 3, Charles 2/12. WOBCESTEB TOWNSHIP 249

SMITH: Erastmus P. 32 (farmer), Elizabeth 24, Mary E. 2, John Hatzel 24 (laborer), James Clifford 20 (laborer). Whole Number of Population — 1451 (Male 723, Female 728) Attended School within the year — 346 All persons bom in Pennsylvania with the following exceptions: Born in GERMANY ENDERLEY, Dripert KLITZING, Henry EARNER; Christian TRUCKSESS, Jacob SEIGHT, Margaret David MILLER, Charles CHILDS, Conard Margaret Louisa BOWER, George ARAD, Christian TENNAS, Henry SHEPPS: George Born in NEW YORK Abalonia Nicholas KRECKER, Fredrick Margaret WAGNER: (Seorge Born in NEW JERSEY GEAMAN, Henry THOMAS, John TYSON, Gertrude KNARR, Henry, Catharine Born in MARYLAND Margaret JOHNSON, Elizabeth MILLER, George A. LIVINGSTON, William COOLEY, Philip HANCE, Jacob Born in IRELAND SHEIVELEY, Jacob DENNER, Andrew BELL, Mathew HAWS, Charles GRAYHAM, John FRIEMAN, John SMITH, John NEBLOUS, Henry CLIFFORD, James Editor's Note: The 1850 Census for Worcester appeared in The Perkiomen Region before it ceased publication. In pre paring this transcript the editor found seventeen additional families that had been omitted in the earlier printing. The February Meeting February 22, 1968 The annual meeting of the Historical Society of Montgomery County February 22, 1968 was convened at 2 P.M. at the building of the Society, with President Groshens presiding. The minutes of the meeting of November 18, 1967 were read and approved. Upon a motion duly seconded and passed the Continental Bank and Trust Company of Norristown was elected to membership in the business and industry classification. President Groshens read the Treasurer's report for the year 1967. This showed an annual income of $14,993.16 and annual expenditures of $14,528.12, leaving a balance of $465.04. The report has been duly audited by Earl R. Roth and Dorothy R. Frick, and upon a motion duly seconded and passed it was received and ordered filed. Donald A. Gallager, Chairman, read the report of the Nominating Committee with the following nominations: President Corresponding Secretary Hon. Alfred L. Taxis Mrs. Earl W. Johnson Vice-Presidents Financial Secretary Robert B. Brunner, Esq. Mrs. LeRoy Burris iHon. Robert W. Honeyman Treasurertoward W. Gross Recording Secretary Eva G. Davis

Trustees Herbert T. Ballard Kenneth H. Hallman Merrill A. Bean Arthur H. Jenkins Kirke Bryan, Esq. Elwood C. Parry, Jr. Norris D. Davis William S. Pettit Mrs. Andrew Y. Drysdale John P. Reed Donald A. Gallager, Esq. Hon. Alfred S. Taxis Hon. David E. Groshens Mrs. Franklin B. Wildman Howard W. Gross There being no further nominations from the floor, it was moved and seconded that the report of the Nominating Committee be adopted, and the nominations were declared closed. Upon a motion duly seconded and

250 251

passed the Secretary was directed to cast a collective ballot for the nominees. This being done tiie nominees were declared duly elected for the ensuing year.

Following the elections Judge Groshens welcomed President Taxis as the president for the coming year. President Taxis paid tribute to Judge Groshens, president for the past twelve years, and the increase in membership, financial stability, and the microfilming of the Norris- town newspapers.

President Taxis introduced Judge Groshens who read an interesting paper WITH WASHINGTON PROM PARKER'S FORD TO THE GULPH. In the several cases there were appropriate exhibits honoring Wash ington, and commemorating the founding of the Society eighty-five years ago. Attention was called to the memorial gift of the Jacob D. Ouster clock by Mr. and Mrs. Norris D. Davis.

At the close of the meeting the Hospitality Committee served a delightful tea. Eva G. Davis Recording Secretary

The April Meeting April 27, 1968 The regular meeting of the Historical Society of Montgomery County April 27, 1968 was convened at 2 P.M. at the building of the Society, with President Taxis presiding.

The minutes of the annual meeting of February 22, 1968 were read and approved.

President Taxis introduced Merrill A. Bean, a member of the Society, who with Mrs. Bean showed colored slides of St. James' Church, Perldo- men, and also the sixth National Jamboree of the Boy Scouts of America at Valley Forge. These were accompanied by narrative and appropriate music. At the close of the meeting the Hospitality Committee served punch and cakes.

Eva G. Davis Recording Secretary Acquisitions

Albert C. Cohen: Holy Bible, Kimber and Sharplesa, Fhiladelphia, n.d., with Slough Family records. Two lovely teapots presented in memory of Anna (Slough) Cohen Werkiser, mother of the donor; one "Gaudy Dutch", the other Pink Lustre. Mrs. Durant Kriebel: Holy Bible, Isaac Collins, Trenton, N. J., 1791 with records of the Tyson and Lewis Families. Edgar E. Schmidt: Official History of the Militia a/nd the National Guard of the State of Pennsylvania, Volume 4, Section 17, Phila delphia, 1940. Official Directory of Norristown, 1906. Harry Foesig: Trolleys of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, by Harry Foesig and Harold E. Cox, 1968. 108 pages. School District of Cheltenham Township: Benjamin Myers of Cheltenham Township, and Early Background of Cheltenham Township and its Schools, compiled by Mrs. Morton Fine, 1967. Dr. William Shainline Middleton: Medical History Essays, by William Shainline Middleton, M. D., Madison, Wisconsin, 1965. Nathaniel C. Hale: Three books written by the donor. Pelts and Palisades, Virginia 1969; Virginia Venturer, Virginia, 1951; and The Colonial Wars in Pennsylvania, Phila., 1967. Mrs. Georges Carousso: Presented in behalf of the Philadelphia Chapter of the Daughters of the , The Pennsylvania State History of the American Revolution, compiled and edited by Miriam Kern Harned, 1946. Also The D,AM. Register, 19S0. Dr. Kenneth E. Neiman: The History of. Dentistry in Pennsylvania, 1868- 1968, by Isaac Sissman, D.D.S., Pennsylvania Dental Journal, March 1968. Edward Hollaway, Jr., Esq.: Society of Colonial Wanrs, 75th Anniversary Book (1892-1967) Volume 21, No. 3, 1967. Miss Elizabeth Coats Morgan: The Pennsylvania Gazette, reprint edition, Volumes I and II 1728-1731 and 1732-1734, respectively. Presented in memory of Samuel and Elizabeth (Kean) Coats, and Theodore and Frances (Brower) Morgan, by their granddaughter. John F. Reed: The Pennsylvania Gazette, reprint edition, Volume III, 1735-1736. Howard W. Gross: The Pennsylvania Gazette, reprint edition. Volume IV, 1737-1740.

252 ACQUISITIONS 253

Mr. and Mrs. Norris D. Davis; "Tall Case" clock made by Jacob D. Ouster, presented in memory of Mr. Davis' great grandfather, William Davis, Sr., 1793-1878; his grandfather, William Davis, Jr., 1826-1907; and his father Reese Parrish Davis, 1857-1942. The dock was made for William Davis, Sr., of West Conshohocken, by Jacob D. Ouster, of Norristown, between 1830 and 1840. Other donors to whom we are grateful: Hon. David E. Groshens, Harvey Cook, Charles H. Jamison, Mrs. Andrew Y. Drysdale, H. Bartholo mew Cox, Miss Helen A. Ganser, Edgar E. Schmidt, Miles Beardsley, Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Claussen, Mr. and Mrs. Harold M. Cole, Mrs. Jane W. T. Brey, John J. Pennjrpacker, Mrs. Edward M. Davis, Colonel John E. Curry. JANE KEPLINGER BURRIS The Report on Membership

NEW MEMBERS (Elected February 22, 1968) Mrs. Louis J. Barbour Krs. Kose Munio James Cheston Raymond M. Palladino Mrs. Henrietta A. Chittick Mrs. Paul Rutherford Mrs. J. M. Creswell Mrs. Irvin G. Sehorsch, Jr. Alfred A. Doppel Edward Ziegler Mrs. Robert V. Geasey

BUSINESS MEMBERSHIP The Continental Bank and Trust Company

NEW MEMBERS (Elected April 27, 1968) Harry P. Baird Mr. & Mrs. Harry P. Haddy Mrs. Merrill A. Bean Mrs. W. Stanton Kip Mrs. Paul K. Brown Michael Miller Mrs. Joseph E. Chance Mrs. Joseph T. Riemer Kenneth J. Christman Mr. & Mrs. Harry Z. Schreck C. Russell Corson, Esq. Cornelius 6. Sullivan Lawrence W. Flick Mrs. Victor Walkaraj Mrs. Warren Y. Francis Mrs. George L. Weidner Mrs. John G. Grisdale Mr. & Mrs. David Wells

DEATHS Mrs. James Cheston Isaac J. Sheppard Radcliffe Cheston Mrs. Edward Shoemaker Edward F. Corson, M.D. John K. Snyder Joseph R. Heebner Miss Sara A. Staley Mrs. George W. Norris Frank Walker

PRESENT STATUS OF MEMBERSHIP Life 56 Business 1 Annual 609 Subscriptions 38 Affiliate 9 Total 713

HELEN W. M. JOHNSON Corresponding Secretary

254 Treasurer's Eeport January 1, 1967 to December 31, 1967

RECEIPTS EXPENDITURES County Commissioners Salaries, Wages, Tax 5263.00 1967 appropriation $3000.00 Maintenance Publication aid 1800.00 Painting 1154.00 4800.00 Building care 61.00 Membership Dues 2721.00 Ground care 860.00 2075.00 Trust Funds and Interest General Administration J. E. Cope 1030.42 Insurance 680.04 W. H. Reed (2) 685.38 Equipment 199.00 S. F. Jarrett 1954.94 Supplies, postage, Building Fund 236.60 etc., 736.55 1625.09 Permanent Fund 595.84 Utilities 4503.18 Telephone 132.17 Sales and Subscriptions Gas, electric 924.80 Society Publications 767.22 Water, sewer, Service Fees and Donations 436.65 fire prev. 29.52 1086.49 Other Sales and Receipts Bulletin Published Outing, 1967 307.00 Printing 2482.00 Books, maps, Envelopes, charts, etc. 660.00 967.60 postage 98.00 Copyrights 12.00 2592.00 Activities and Projects Hancock tomb care 30.00 Outing costs 222.80 Books and binding 442.00 Microfilming newspapers 972.00 1666.80 Transfer of Funds Life Memberships (2) 200.00 Bank Service Charge 19.74

$14,528,12 Bank bal. December 31, 1967 465.04

$14,195.65 14,993.16 Bank bal. Audited and found correct February 1, 1968 January 1, 1967 797.51 Earl R. Roth 14,993.16 Dorothy R. Frick

255 The Historwal Society of Montgomery County has for its object the preservation of the civil, political and religious history of the county, as well as the promotion of the study of history. The building up of a library for historical research has been materially aided in the past by donations of family, church and graveyard records; letters diaries and other manu script material. Valuable files of newspapers have also been contributed. This public-spirited support has been highly appreciated and is earnestly desired for the future.

Membership in the Society is open to all interested persons, whether residents of the county or not, and all such persons are invited to have their names proposed at any meeting. The annual dues are $5.00; life membership, $100.00. Every mem ber is entitled to a copy of each issue of The Bulletin, free. Additional copies, $1.50 each.

Historical Building, 1654 DeKalb Street, Norristown, with its library and museum, is open for visitors e^h week day from 10 A.M.to 12 M. and 1 to 4 P.M., except Saturday after noon. The material in the library may be freely consulted dur ing these hours, but no book may be taken from the building.

To Our Friends Our Society needs funds for the furthering of its work, its expansion, its growth and development. This can very nicely he done through be quests from members and friends in the disposition of their estate. The Society needs more funds in investments placed at interest; the income arising therefrom would give the Society an annual return to meet its needs. Following is a form that could be used in the making of wills:

I HEREBY GIVE AND BEQUEATH TO THE

HISTORICAL SOCIETY OP MONTGOMERY COUNTY,

PENNSYLVANIA. THE SUM OF

DOLLARS (? >