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Friday, July 10, 2009 9:40 AM Subject: SIFN Friday Messages From: Marilyn O'Leary [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Friday, July 10, 2009 9:40 AM Subject: SIFN Friday Messages Hello SIFN: 1. Attached are two pubs from Brian Richter of the Global Freshwater Team. BTW, he is responsible for a very helpful newsletter called e-flows. Google it and consider subscribing. The attached are Environmental Flows in Water Resources Policies, Plans and Projects: (i) Findings and Recommendations and (ii) Case Studies are joint products of SDN's Environment Department and Energy, Transport and Water Department. The reports address a fundamental shortcoming in most water resources investments, planning and policy reforms to date, particularly, the inadequate protection of environmental flow conditions in rivers, lakes, wetlands, estuaries and groundwater systems. The main report reviews the science, the decision making, and the practice of environmental flows using a structured analytical framework. These are quite detailed. 2. Don't forget to mark your calendars for July 23, 2009, 1 p.m. Eastern Time, SIFN WebEx on Messaging. We'll be looking at the existing outreach on flow in many states and sharing some tools to increase outreach and get more out of each effort. This WebEx is also open to people in your organizations who may not be SIFN team members but helping you with SIFN outreach. Invite them. Particulars and the agenda will be distributed closer to the date. Have a great weekend. Marilyn O'Leary Marilyn Barrett-O'Leary [email protected] 225-892-7470 2 attachments — Download all attachments 9780821379400worldbanksifn.pdf 1769K View Download EDP 117 Env flows.pdf 3289K View Download Environmental Flows in Water Resources Policies, Plans, and Projects Findings and Recommendations Rafi k Hirji and Richard Davis ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT Environmental Flows in Water Resources Policies, Plans, and Projects ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT A fundamental element of sustainable development is environmental sustain- ability. Hence, this series was created in 2007 to cover current and emerging issues in order to promote debate and broaden the understanding of environ- mental challenges as integral to achieving equitable and sustained economic growth. The series will draw on analysis and practical experience from across the World Bank and from client countries. The manuscripts chosen for publi- cation will be central to the implementation of the World Bank’s Environment Strategy, and relevant to the development community, policy makers, and academia. Topics addressed in this series will include environmental health, natural resources management, strategic environmental assessment, policy instruments, and environmental institutions, among others. Also in this series: International Trade and Climate Change: Economic, Legal, and Institutional Perspectives Poverty and the Environment: Understanding Linkages at the Household Level Strategic Environmental Assessment for Policies: An Instrument for Good Governance Environmental Health and Child Survival: Epidemiology, Economics, Experiences Environmental Flows in Water Resources Policies, Plans, and Projects Findings and Recommendations Rafik Hirji and Richard Davis © 2009 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: [email protected] All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 12 11 10 09 This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2422; e-mail: [email protected]. ISBN: 978-0-8213-7940-0 eISBN: 978-0-8213-8012-3 DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-7940-0 Cover photo: inner photo, © World Bank; outer photo, © iStockphoto.com/jameslee999 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data has been applied for. CONTENTS ix Foreword xi About the Authors xiii Acknowledgments xvii Abbreviations 1Overview 2 Environmental Flows: Science, Decision Making, and Development Assistance 4 Environmental Flow Implementation Case Studies 6 Mainstreaming Implications 9Notes PART I Context and Rationale CHAPTER 1 13 Introduction 17 The World Bank and Environmental Flows 20 Objectives of the Report 21 Methodology 22 Organization of Report 22 Notes PART II Environmental Flows: Science, Decision Making, and Development Assistance CHAPTER 2 27 Environmental Flows in Water Resources Decision Making 31 Water-Dependent Ecosystem Services 33 Environmental Flows: Adoption and Methods 34 Environmental Flows and Decision Making 37 Environmental Flows in Policies, Plans, and Projects 38 Environmental Flows, IWRM, and Environmental Assessment 40 Notes CHAPTER 3 41 Environmental Flows and the World Bank 43 Country Water Resources Assistance Strategies 49 Bank–Netherlands Water Partnership Program 55 World Bank Safeguard Policies v vi CONTENTS 55 Partner Agency Collaboration 58 Notes PART III Case Studies of Environmental Flow Implementation CHAPTER 4 61 Case Study Assessment 61 Good-Practice Criteria 62 Institutional Drivers CHAPTER 5 67 Policy Case Studies: Lessons 67 Assessment of Effectiveness 77 Institutional Drivers 79 Summary of Policy Lessons 82 Notes CHAPTER 6 83 Basin Plan Case Studies: Lessons 83 Assessment of Effectiveness 90 Institutional Drivers 92 Summary of Plan Lessons 92 Note CHAPTER 7 93 Project Case Studies: Lessons 99 Assessment of Effectiveness 110 Institutional Drivers 115 Summary of Project Lessons 116 Note PART IV Mainstreaming Implications CHAPTER 8 119 Achievements and Challenges 120 Scientific Achievements 124 Integrating Environmental Flows into Decisions 124 Plan Achievements 125 Infrastructure Projects 128 Notes CHAPTER 9 129 Framework for Mainstreaming Environmental Flows 129 The Way Forward 132 A Framework for Bank Action CONTENTS vii PART V Appendixes 139 APPENDIX A: The Brisbane Declaration 143 APPENDIX B: Infrastructure Design Features for Environmental Flows from Dams 149 APPENDIX C: Background to Environmental Flows 155 APPENDIX D: Water Environmental Issues in Country Water Resources Assistance Strategies 165 APPENDIX E: Environmental Flow Programs of International Development Organizations and NGOs 177 References 183 Index Boxes 14 1.1 Environmental Flows and IWRM Linkages 18 1.2 Policies, Strategies, and Resources for Supporting Integration of Environmental Flows in World Bank Operations 30 2.1 Examples of Flow-Dependent Ecosystem Services 36 2.2 Environmental Water Trading in Australia 48 3.1 Environmental Flows to the Indus Delta 50 3.2 Proposed Environmental Flows Program for Tanzania 56 3.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies 57 3.4 Designing Hydropower Dams to Include Environmental Flows 63 4.1 Drivers for Environmental Flows in Plans and Projects 64 4.2 Drivers for Environmental Flows in Policies 72 5.1 Managing the Whole Water Cycle 78 5.2 Water Use Conflicts in Usangu Plains, Tanzania 84 6.1 Basin-Level Environmental Flow Assessments 87 6.2 Levels of Environmental Flow Analysis Used in South Africa 100 7.1 The Tarim Basin Restoration 102 7. 2 The Senegal Basin Water Charter 104 7. 3 Structured Assessment for the Bridge River Reoperation, Canada 105 7.4 Monitoring Program for the Berg River Dam, South Africa 107 7. 5 Economic Assessment of Downstream Impacts of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project 122 8.1 Climate Change and Evapotranspiration 126 8.2 Achievements of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project 153 C.1 Using Indigenous Knowledge, Rio Patuca, Honduras 168 E.1 Flows in the Okavango Basin 171 E.2 The Huong River Basin, Vietnam 172 E.3 Environmental Sustainability in Southern Africa Figures 28 2.1 Water Storage per Capita in Select Countries 29 2.2 Changes in Freshwater Species Population Indices, 1970–1999 viii CONTENTS 33 2.3 Components of the Flow Regime 39 2.4 Hierarchy of Decisions Leading to Project-level Environmental Flow Allocation 43 3.1 Number of Examinations of Upstream and Downstream Issues in Dam-related Project Documents 150 C.1 The Evolution of Dam Planning Practices Tables 35 2.1 Estimated Time and Resource Requirements of Select EFA Methods 42 3.1 Biophysical Impacts Included in the Analysis of World Bank–Funded Dam Projects 45 3.2 Inclusion of Environmental Flow Issues in CWRASs 51 3.3 Select BNWPP Assistance
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