sustainability Review Future Design: Bequeathing Sustainable Natural Environments and Sustainable Societies to Future Generations Tatsuyoshi Saijo 1,2 1 Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan 2 Research Institute for Future Design, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi 780-8515, Japan;
[email protected] Received: 28 June 2020; Accepted: 27 July 2020; Published: 11 August 2020 Abstract: “Future Design,” a new movement among Japanese researchers and stakeholders, asks the following question: What types of social systems are necessary if we are to leave future generations sustainable environments and societies? Looking at the human activity impact on the global environment and society, I ask: Why is this society we live in generating a series of future failures that will cost future generations so much? I then argue that the source of such a society could be liberalism and that the market and democracy derived from it will not help avoid these future failures. To achieve this, one must design social systems that activate a human trait called futurability, where people experience an increase in happiness because of deciding and acting toward foregoing current benefits to enrich future generations. One method to study these is by employing “imaginary future generations”. Here, I present an overview of the theoretical background of this method, the results of relevant laboratory and field experiments, and the nature of relevant practical applications implemented in cooperation with several local governments. Keywords: future design; imaginary future generation; futurability; intergenerational sustainability dilemma; time inconsistency problem 1. Introduction “Future Design” is a movement that studies the types of social systems that would ensure sustainable environments and societies for future generations.